38:
861:
4415:
3358:
618:
mortality has additional challenges, especially as they pertain to stillbirths, abortions, and multiple births. In some countries, during the 1920s, a stillbirth was defined as "a birth of at least twenty weeks' gestation in which the child shows no evidence of life after complete birth". In most countries, however, a stillbirth was defined as "the birth of a fetus, after 28 weeks of pregnancy, in which pulmonary respiration does not occur".
3368:
640:, which involves researchers estimating maternal mortality by contacting women in populations of interest and asking whether or not they have a sister, if the sister is of child-bearing age (usually 15) and conducting an interview or written questions about possible deaths among sisters. The sisterhood method, however, does not work in cases where sisters may have died before the sister being interviewed was born.
4403:
868:(ln) of the crude death rate against the natural log of per capita GDP. The slope of the trend line is the elasticity of the crude death rate with respect to per capita income. It indicates that as of the date of the basis data set, an increase in per capita income tends to be associated with a decrease in the crude death rate. Source: World Development Indicators.
901:
these diseases. A lower standard of living may lead to as a lack of hygiene and sanitation, increased exposure to and the spread of disease, and a lack of access to proper medical care and facilities. Poor health can in turn contribute to low and reduced incomes, which can create a loop known as the health-poverty trap. Indian economist and philosopher
60:, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year; thus, a mortality rate of 9.5 (out of 1,000) in a population of 1,000 would mean 9.5 deaths per year in that entire population, or 0.95% out of the total. It is distinct from "
915:
In more recent times, higher mortality rates have been less tied to socio-economic levels within a given society, but have differed more between low and high-income countries. It is now found that national income, which is directly tied to standard of living within a country, is the largest factor in
328:
Mortality rate is also measured per thousand. It is determined by how many people of a certain age die per thousand people. Decrease of mortality rate is one of the reasons for increase of population. Development of medical science and other technologies has resulted in the decrease of mortality rate
900:
Scholars have stated that there is a significant relationship between a low standard of living that results from low income; and increased mortality rates. A low standard of living is more likely to result in malnutrition, which can make people more susceptible to disease and more likely to die from
924:
These rates are especially pronounced for children under 5 years old, particularly in lower-income, developing countries. These children have a much greater chance of dying of diseases that have become mostly preventable in higher-income parts of the world. More children die of malaria, respiratory
643:
Orphanhood surveys estimate mortality by questioning children are asked about the mortality of their parents. It has often been criticized as an adult mortality rate that is very biased for several reasons. The adoption effect is one such instance in which orphans often do not realize that they are
660:
is an approach to non-probability sampling; this is an approach in which each member of the population is assigned to a group (cluster), and then clusters are randomly selected, and all members of selected clusters are included in the sample. Often combined with stratification techniques (in which
564:
The incidence proportion of death, that is, the proportion of a group that dies over a specified time interval, whether in reference to all deaths over the time inverval, to "to deaths from a specific cause or causes". It has also been described as a measure of the (growing) proportion of a group
647:
Widowhood surveys estimate adult mortality by responding to questions about the deceased husband or wife. One limitation of the widowhood survey surrounds the issues of divorce, where people may be more likely to report that they are widowed in places where there is the great social stigma around
626:
Ideally, all mortality estimation would be done using vital statistics and census data. Census data will give detailed information about the population at risk of death. The vital statistics provide information about live births and deaths in the population. Often, either census data and vital
617:
In most cases there are few if any ways to obtain exact mortality rates, so epidemiologists use estimation to predict correct mortality rates. Mortality rates are usually difficult to predict due to language barriers, health infrastructure related issues, conflict, and other reasons. Maternal
644:
adopted. Additionally, interviewers may not realize that an adoptive or foster parent is not the child's biological parent. There is also the issue of parents being reported on by multiple children while some adults have no children, thus are not counted in mortality estimates.
406:
The ratio of the number of deaths in a given (index) population to the number of deaths expected, a form of indirectly (as opposed to directly) standardized rates, where the categories are usually "defined by age, gender and race or ethnicity". The numerator is calculated as
1122:
For tabulated definitions for Crude death rate, Cause-specific death rate, Proportionate mortality, Death-to-case ratio, Neonatal mortality rate, Postneonatal mortality rate, Infant mortality rate, and
Maternal mortality rate (with example calculations for several), see
648:
being a divorcee. Another limitation is that multiple marriages introduce biased estimates, so individuals are often asked about first marriage. Biases will be significant if the association of death between spouses, such as those in countries with large AIDS epidemics.
208:
The crude death rate is defined as "the mortality rate from all causes of death for a population," calculated as the "total number of deaths during a given time interval" divided by the "mid-interval population", per 1,000 or 100,000; for instance, the population of the
884:
accounted for 58% of the total mortality in 2006: "In the world, approximately 62 million people, all causes of death combined, die each year. In 2006, more than 36 million died of hunger or diseases due to deficiencies in
627:
statistics data is not available. This is common in developing countries, countries that are in conflict, areas where natural disasters have caused mass displacement, and other areas where there is a humanitarian crisis
635:
Household surveys or interviews are another way in which mortality rates are often assessed. There are several methods to estimate mortality in different segments of the population. One such example is the
609:
For any of these, a "sex-specific mortality rate" refers to "a mortality rate among either males or females", where the calculation involves both "numerator and denominator... limited to the one sex".
656:
Sampling refers to the selection of a subset of the population of interest to efficiently gain information about the entire population. Samples should be representative of the population of interest.
892:
Of the roughly 150,000 people who die each day across the globe, about two thirds—100,000 per day—die of age-related causes. In industrialized nations, the proportion is much higher, reaching 90%.
329:
in all the countries of the world for some decades. In 1990, the mortality rate of children under five years of age was 144 per thousand, but in 2015 the child mortality rate was 38 per thousand.
360:
The sum of fetal deaths (stillbirths) past 22 (or 28) completed weeks of pregnancy plus the number of deaths among live-born children up to 7 completed days of life, divided by number of births.
925:
infections, diarrhea, perinatal conditions, and measles in developing nations. Data shows that after the age of 5 these preventable causes level out between high and low-income countries.
678:
213:
was around 290,810,000 in 2003, and in that year, approximately 2,419,900 deaths occurred in total, giving a crude death (mortality) rate of 832 deaths per 100,000. As of 2020, the
908:
Historically, mortality rates have been adversely affected by short term price increases. Studies have shown that mortality rates increase at a rate concurrent with increases in
136:
446:
91:
estimates that the crude death rate globally will be 7.7 deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year. In a generic form, mortality rates can be seen as calculated using
198:
171:
526:
475:
371:
Number of deaths of mothers assigned to pregnancy-related causes during a given time interval, divided by the number of live births during the same time interval.
1899:
497:
4307:
1137:
1080:
3404:
1164:
533:
comparison to the numbers of deaths that would have been expected if the population had been of a standard composition in terms of age, gender, etc.
382:
Number of deaths among children <one year of age during a given time interval divided by the number of live births during the same time interval.
1542:
912:. These effects have a greater impact on vulnerable, lower-income populations than they do on populations with a higher standard of living.
3015:
544:
The total number of deaths per year at a specific age, divided by the number of living persons at that age (e.g. age 62 at last birthday)
1915:
4332:
1961:
4245:
3331:
1141:
1957:
DeathRiskRankings: Calculates risk of dying in the next year using MicroMorts and displays risk rankings for up to 66 causes of death
4277:
3968:
3696:
3692:
3742:
3700:
3688:
2347:
665:), cluster sampling is the approach most often used by epidemiologists. In areas of forced migration, there is more significant
3397:
2408:
2372:
1529:
1060:
1005:
950:
251:
1566:
3935:
3863:
3779:
2342:
975:
1623:
217:
estimates the U.S. crude death rate will be 8.3 per 1,000, while it estimates that the global rate will be 7.7 per 1,000.
87:, which looks at mortality from all causes in a given time interval for a given population. As of 2020, for instance, the
4337:
3644:
2644:
224:, the ten leading causes of death, globally, in 2016, for both sexes and all ages, were as presented in the table below.
3614:
4407:
2377:
1797:
1366:
1198:
1896:
1882:
4454:
4229:
3390:
2352:
1253:
877:
146:
represents the size of the population in which the deaths occur (however this population is defined or limited), and
3983:
3901:
1995:
4378:
4312:
2880:
2332:
2022:
1088:
970:
965:
960:
689:
3708:
4327:
3746:
3468:
1933:
1285:
1134:
Principles of
Epidemiology in Public Health Practice: An Introduction to Applied Epidemiology and Biostatistics
3894:
3579:
2428:
2106:
940:
530:
529:
is the corresponding category-specific event rate in a standard population." It has also been described as a
3873:
2906:
2450:
2357:
2324:
1389:
Timæus, Ian M. (1991). "Measurement of Adult
Mortality in Less Developed Countries: A Comparative Review".
1168:
1000:
400:
260:
1214:
142:
represents the deaths from whatever cause of interest is specified that occur within a given time period,
4469:
4464:
4352:
4342:
4255:
4161:
3837:
3809:
3738:
3492:
2362:
1956:
538:
214:
88:
4459:
4224:
3887:
3563:
1981:
1432:
Graham, W.; Brass, W.; Snow, R. W. (May 1989). "Estimating maternal mortality: the sisterhood method".
94:
17:
4134:
3958:
3682:
2729:
2599:
411:
221:
1720:
4139:
3928:
3620:
3568:
3448:
1969:
1643:
69:
1358:
4474:
4081:
3666:
3536:
3514:
3483:
3458:
3441:
3207:
3202:
3130:
3052:
2337:
1592:
1302:"Principles of Epidemiology - Lesson 3: Measures of Risk Section 3: Mortality Frequency Measures"
593:
233:
4250:
4208:
4203:
4086:
3963:
3817:
3654:
3575:
3242:
3135:
2875:
2781:
2746:
2367:
2178:
2094:
1912:
1638:
1301:
995:
570:
300:
269:
57:
4449:
4317:
4181:
4020:
3658:
3545:
3453:
3417:
3125:
3047:
2860:
2756:
2692:
2657:
2295:
2101:
2069:
1940:
1707:
1351:
Death in
Childbirth: An International Study of Maternal Care and Maternal Mortality 1800–1950
1048:
3382:
1500:
176:
149:
4347:
4302:
4270:
4265:
4191:
4166:
4122:
3624:
3237:
3090:
2979:
2941:
2931:
2697:
2064:
1327:
905:
has stated that mortality rates can serve as an indicator of economic success and failure.
504:
453:
173:
is the conversion factor from the resulting fraction to another unit (e.g., multiplying by
8:
4444:
4439:
4418:
4196:
4027:
3978:
3921:
3531:
3463:
3297:
3162:
2462:
2203:
2183:
2163:
2126:
2015:
1483:
Migration, National
Research Council (US) Roundtable on the Demography of Forced (2002).
1248:. Wiley Reference Series in Biostatistics. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 884.
685:
662:
603:
that lead to death. Similar to CFR, but adjusted for asymptomatic and undiagnosed cases.
354:
309:
4322:
4260:
4048:
4037:
4015:
4010:
3999:
3784:
3734:
3549:
3478:
3436:
3343:
3247:
3187:
3147:
3095:
3027:
2999:
2911:
2865:
2457:
2089:
2059:
1855:
1822:
1767:
1759:
1656:
1457:
1406:
1049:"Mortality Rate, Morbidity rate; Death rate; Cumulative death rate; Case fatality rate"
985:
578:
482:
365:
31:
1967:
Complex
Emergency Database (CE-DAT): Mortality data from conflict-affected populations
1929:
395:
Number of deaths of children less than 5 years old, divided by number of live births.
4297:
4171:
4064:
3973:
3858:
3822:
3789:
3714:
3636:
3413:
3115:
3110:
2954:
2936:
2569:
2557:
1860:
1842:
1803:
1793:
1751:
1660:
1525:
1465:
1449:
1414:
1362:
1281:
1249:
1194:
1056:
980:
865:
637:
600:
585:
291:
1771:
1238:
1126:
565:
that die over a specified period (often as estimated by techniques that account for
4373:
4368:
4154:
4149:
4032:
3988:
3632:
3553:
3507:
3502:
3371:
3324:
3222:
3037:
3032:
2989:
2766:
2761:
2547:
2413:
2403:
2305:
2290:
2275:
2226:
2079:
1850:
1834:
1743:
1693:
1648:
1441:
1398:
1354:
1015:
657:
376:
1734:
Sen, Amartya (1998). "Mortality as an
Indicator of Economic Success and Failure".
1125:
Dicker, Richard C.; Coronado, Fátima; Koo, Denise; Parrish II, Roy Gibson (2012).
4383:
4144:
3827:
3650:
3605:
3312:
3277:
3227:
3182:
3157:
2796:
2667:
2526:
2398:
2393:
2310:
2260:
2253:
2241:
2151:
1985:
1973:
1919:
1903:
1790:
Life under pressure: mortality and living standards in Europe and Asia, 1700–1900
387:
1484:
37:
4388:
3853:
3774:
3519:
3431:
3361:
3085:
2916:
2677:
2612:
2423:
2300:
2248:
2008:
1962:
Data regarding death rates by age and cause in the United States (from Data360)
1890:
1698:
1689:
1664:
1619:
1010:
886:
666:
553:
77:
2818:
4433:
4127:
4076:
3832:
3799:
3794:
3120:
3105:
3062:
3020:
2974:
2808:
2786:
2662:
2629:
2521:
2496:
1846:
1755:
1453:
935:
860:
210:
1807:
1747:
4176:
3674:
3558:
3336:
3217:
3100:
2984:
2901:
2825:
2813:
2672:
2579:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2434:
2285:
2265:
2208:
2193:
2084:
1864:
1823:"The changing relation between mortality and level of economic development"
1652:
1517:
1418:
1055:(5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 189, 69, 64, 36.
881:
873:
566:
318:
1469:
4059:
3868:
3722:
3595:
3585:
3292:
3287:
3257:
3212:
3192:
3177:
3172:
3152:
3069:
2994:
2964:
2921:
2751:
2634:
2270:
2236:
2168:
2146:
2141:
2131:
1838:
1624:"Life Span Extension Research and Public Debate: Societal Considerations"
909:
902:
282:
1979:
Human
Mortality Database: Historic mortality data from developed nations
3944:
3670:
3662:
3628:
3590:
3497:
3262:
3232:
3197:
3167:
3140:
3042:
2870:
2830:
2682:
2639:
2617:
2584:
2280:
2198:
2156:
2136:
2046:
1763:
1501:"UNdata - record view - Crude death rate (deaths per 1,000 population)"
1461:
1410:
955:
945:
80:(the number of newly appearing cases of the disease per unit of time).
65:
4114:
3730:
3718:
3307:
3302:
3267:
3057:
2949:
2734:
2687:
2624:
2589:
2564:
2440:
2121:
2116:
990:
273:
61:
2885:
1445:
1402:
679:
List of sovereign states and dependent territories by mortality rate
556:
during a given time interval divided by the mid-interval population
4186:
4109:
4070:
3764:
3282:
3252:
2803:
2791:
2724:
2552:
2221:
2188:
2074:
2054:
1690:"Health, Income, & Poverty: Where We Are & What Could Help"
1308:. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 18 February 2019
3769:
3319:
2959:
2926:
2771:
2719:
2480:
2418:
2231:
2111:
1990:
1543:"Civil registration: why counting births and deaths is important"
73:
1567:"Global deaths: This is how COVID-19 compares to other diseases"
4091:
3272:
2969:
2739:
2607:
2531:
2173:
1127:"Lesson Three: Measures of Risk, §Mortality Frequency Measures"
880:
on the Right to Food for 2000 to March 2008), mortality due to
242:
1165:"Global Health Observatory (GHO) data: Top 10 causes of death"
3913:
3412:
2855:
2835:
2776:
2574:
2031:
1215:"Global Health Observatory (GHO) data – Under-five mortality"
696:
World historical and predicted crude death rates (1950–2050)
53:
1978:
1614:
1612:
1788:
Bengtsson, Tommy; Campbell, Cameron; Lee, James Z. (2004).
1124:
1609:
56:(in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular
2000:
1966:
684:
Causes of death vary greatly between developed and less
1167:. Geneva, CH: World Health Organization. Archived from
4308:
International
Conference on Population and Development
1942:
An
Estimate of the Degrees of the Mortality of Mankind
916:
mortality rates being higher in low-income countries.
507:
485:
456:
414:
179:
152:
97:
1930:"WISQARS Leading Causes of Death Reports, 1999–2007"
1787:
83:
An important specific mortality rate measure is the
1996:
OUR WORLD IN DATA: Number of deaths per year, World
621:
1232:
1230:
584:The proportion of diagnosed cases of a particular
520:
491:
469:
440:
192:
165:
130:
669:. Thus cluster sampling is not the ideal choice.
599:The proportion of infected cases of a particular
4431:
332:
41:Mortality rate of countries, deaths per thousand
1431:
1227:
337:Other specific measures of mortality include:
200:to get mortality rate per 1,000 individuals).
3929:
3398:
2016:
1280:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
203:
1887:World Population Prospects The 2008 Revision
1618:
1236:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
4333:United Nations world population conferences
1191:International Encyclopedia of Public Health
392:(also known as 'Under-five mortality rate')
4246:Population and housing censuses by country
3936:
3922:
3405:
3391:
2023:
2009:
1306:Centers for disease control and prevention
1237:Gail, Mitchell; Benichou, Jacques (2000).
1142:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2045:
1854:
1697:
1642:
1482:
1359:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198229971.001.0001
1275:
1162:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1078:
1074:
1072:
1029:
3969:Estimates of historical world population
3697:Preventable fraction among the unexposed
3693:Attributable fraction for the population
919:
859:
552:Number of deaths assigned to a specific
228:Crude death rate, per 100,000 population
36:
3701:Preventable fraction for the population
3689:Attributable fraction among the exposed
1883:Crude death rate (per 1,000 population)
1820:
1511:
672:
14:
4432:
1631:Studies in Ethics, Law, and Technology
1388:
1348:
1278:The Cambridge Dictionary of Statistics
1103:
1069:
612:
3917:
3386:
2373:List of ways people dishonor the dead
2004:
1827:International Journal of Epidemiology
1783:
1781:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1246:Encyclopedia of Epidemiologic Methods
1046:
478:is the number of persons in category
252:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
4402:
3864:Correlation does not imply causation
3780:Animal testing on non-human primates
1590:
1239:"Standardized mortality ratio (SMR)"
976:List of countries by life expectancy
630:
27:Deaths per 1000 individuals per year
4338:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
1733:
283:Trachea, bronchus, and lung cancers
24:
2378:List of ways people honor the dead
1926:, Medterms. Retrieved 22 June 2010
1778:
1375:
1136:. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of
25:
4486:
4230:Population and Development Review
2409:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
1950:
1821:Preston, Samuel H. (2007-06-01).
951:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
878:United Nations Special Rapporteur
131:{\displaystyle (d/p)\cdot 10^{n}}
4414:
4413:
4401:
4278:Population concern organizations
3984:Projections of population growth
3366:
3357:
3356:
1489:. National Academies Press (US).
1330:. DocCheck Medical Services GmbH
622:Census data and vital statistics
52:, is a measure of the number of
4379:Human impact on the environment
4313:Population Action International
3367:
1814:
1727:
1682:
1593:"How Many People Die Each Day?"
1584:
1559:
1535:
1493:
1476:
1425:
1342:
1320:
971:List of countries by death rate
966:List of countries by birth rate
961:List of causes of death by rate
690:list of causes of death by rate
441:{\displaystyle \sum n_{i}R_{i}}
4328:United Nations Population Fund
3943:
3747:Pre- and post-test probability
3469:Patient and public involvement
1934:US Centers for Disease Control
1294:
1269:
1207:
1183:
1156:
677:For worldwide statistics, see
112:
98:
13:
1:
2429:Maternal mortality in fiction
1022:
941:Compensation law of mortality
699:UN, medium variant, 2012 rev.
333:Related measures of mortality
3874:Sex as a biological variable
2343:Expressions related to death
2296:Medical declaration of death
1144:(CDC). pp. 3–20 to 3–38
1053:A Dictionary of Epidemiology
1001:Risk adjusted mortality rate
895:
853:
847:
839:
833:
825:
819:
811:
805:
797:
791:
783:
777:
769:
763:
755:
749:
741:
735:
727:
721:
500:of the index population and
401:Standardized mortality ratio
261:Lower respiratory infections
7:
4353:World Population Foundation
4343:World Population Conference
4256:World population milestones
3838:Intention-to-treat analysis
3810:Analysis of clinical trials
3739:Specificity and sensitivity
3493:Randomized controlled trial
2363:Preventable causes of death
1353:. Oxford University Press.
928:
651:
539:Age-specific mortality rate
345:
10:
4491:
4225:Population and Environment
1875:
1699:10.1377/hpb20180817.901935
1591:Ross, Jenna (2020-05-15).
1486:Estimating Mortality Rates
1434:Studies in Family Planning
692:for worldwide statistics.
676:
204:Crude death rate, globally
29:
4397:
4361:
4286:
4238:
4217:
4135:Human population planning
4100:
4046:
3997:
3959:Demographics of the world
3951:
3882:
3847:Interpretation of results
3846:
3808:
3757:
3707:
3681:
3643:
3613:
3604:
3580:Nested case–control study
3530:
3477:
3424:
3352:
3078:
3008:
2894:
2848:
2730:Consciousness after death
2710:
2653:
2598:
2540:
2489:
2478:
2471:
2386:
2323:
2217:
2038:
2030:
1328:"Infection fatality rate"
549:Cause-specific death rate
222:World Health Organization
4455:Medical aspects of death
4140:Compulsory sterilization
3449:Academic clinical trials
3131:Personification of death
2353:People by cause of death
1893:. Retrieved 22 June 2010
30:Not to be confused with
4082:Malthusian growth model
3667:Relative risk reduction
3515:Adaptive clinical trial
3459:Evidence-based medicine
3442:Adaptive clinical trial
3208:Death-positive movement
3053:Post-mortem photography
2333:Causes of death by rate
2261:Death by natural causes
1897:Rank Order – Death rate
1748:10.1111/1468-0297.00270
1349:Loudon, Irvine (1992).
594:Infection fatality rate
234:Ischaemic heart disease
64:", which is either the
4209:Zero population growth
4204:Sustainable population
4128:Malthusian catastrophe
4087:Overshoot (population)
3964:Demographic transition
3655:Number needed to treat
3243:Fascination with death
2881:Reincarnation research
2876:Out-of-body experience
2338:Notable deaths by year
2179:Immunogenic cell death
2095:Temporal lobe necrosis
1936:Retrieved 22 June 2010
1924:The Medical Dictionary
1792:. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
1715:Cite journal requires
1653:10.2202/1941-6008.1011
1047:Porta, M, ed. (2014).
996:Mortality displacement
869:
522:
493:
471:
442:
341:Measures of mortality
194:
193:{\displaystyle 10^{3}}
167:
166:{\displaystyle 10^{n}}
132:
42:
4318:Population Connection
4182:Mere addition paradox
4021:Physiological density
3659:Number needed to harm
3546:Cross-sectional study
3498:Scientific experiment
3454:Clinical study design
3048:Post-mortem chemistry
2861:Near-death experience
2757:Desecration of graves
2693:Postmortem caloricity
2658:Beating heart cadaver
2102:Programmed cell death
2070:Liquefactive necrosis
1620:Aubrey D.N.J, de Grey
920:Preventable mortality
863:
571:statistical censoring
561:Cumulative death rate
523:
521:{\displaystyle R_{i}}
494:
472:
470:{\displaystyle n_{i}}
443:
195:
168:
133:
40:
4348:World Population Day
4303:Church of Euthanasia
4192:Non-identity problem
4167:Political demography
4123:Human overpopulation
3625:Cumulative incidence
3238:Festival of the Dead
3136:Dying-and-rising god
3091:Chinese burial money
2980:Prohibition of dying
2932:Death-qualified jury
2698:Post-mortem interval
2358:Premature obituaries
2065:Coagulative necrosis
1736:The Economic Journal
1571:World Economic Forum
1522:L'Empire de la honte
1081:"People and Society"
864:Scatter plot of the
673:Mortality statistics
588:that lead to death.
505:
483:
454:
412:
177:
150:
95:
76:, and also from the
4197:Reproductive rights
4028:Population dynamics
3979:Population momentum
3532:Observational study
3464:Real world evidence
3418:experimental design
3298:Philosophy of death
3163:Death from laughter
2463:Perinatal mortality
2204:Mitotic catastrophe
2184:Ischemic cell death
2127:Intrinsic apoptosis
2075:Gangrenous necrosis
1692:. October 4, 2018.
1670:on October 13, 2016
1091:on October 10, 2020
701:
686:developed countries
663:multistage sampling
613:Use in epidemiology
355:Perinatal mortality
349:Typical definition
342:
310:Diarrhoeal diseases
270:Alzheimer's disease
4470:Medical statistics
4465:Population ecology
4323:Population Matters
4038:Population pyramid
4016:Population density
4011:Population decline
3818:Risk–benefit ratio
3785:First-in-man study
3735:Case fatality rate
3576:Case–control study
3550:Longitudinal study
3344:Thanatosensitivity
3248:Hierarchy of death
3188:Death notification
3096:Coins for the dead
3028:Forensic pathology
2912:Capital punishment
2866:Near-death studies
2458:Mortality salience
2090:Fibrinoid necrosis
2060:Avascular necrosis
1984:2011-02-28 at the
1972:2008-12-26 at the
1918:2014-03-06 at the
1908:CIA World Factbook
1902:2018-02-28 at the
1839:10.1093/ije/dym075
1163:WHO Staff (2018).
1085:CIA World Factbook
1079:CIA Staff (2020).
986:Medical statistics
870:
695:
661:case it is called
579:Case fatality rate
518:
489:
467:
438:
366:Maternal mortality
340:
190:
163:
128:
43:
32:case fatality rate
4460:Actuarial science
4427:
4426:
4298:7 Billion Actions
4172:Population ethics
4065:Carrying capacity
3974:Population growth
3911:
3910:
3859:Survivorship bias
3823:Systematic review
3790:Multicenter trial
3753:
3752:
3743:Likelihood-ratios
3715:Clinical endpoint
3683:Population impact
3637:Period prevalence
3414:Clinical research
3380:
3379:
3116:Death anniversary
3111:Death and culture
2955:Dying declaration
2937:Death certificate
2844:
2843:
2706:
2705:
2558:Neuropreservation
2348:Natural disasters
2319:
2318:
1597:Visual Capitalist
1530:978-2-253-12115-2
1171:on August 8, 2014
1062:978-0-19-939005-2
981:Maximum life span
866:natural logarithm
858:
857:
700:
638:sisterhood method
631:Household surveys
607:
606:
601:medical condition
586:medical condition
528:
499:
492:{\displaystyle i}
477:
448:
292:Diabetes mellitus
220:According to the
16:(Redirected from
4482:
4417:
4416:
4405:
4404:
4374:Green Revolution
4155:Two-child policy
4150:One-child policy
4073:
4033:Population model
3989:World population
3938:
3931:
3924:
3915:
3914:
3758:Trial/test types
3633:Point prevalence
3611:
3610:
3554:Ecological study
3537:EBM II-2 to II-3
3508:Open-label trial
3503:Blind experiment
3479:Controlled study
3407:
3400:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3370:
3369:
3360:
3359:
3340:
3325:Assisted suicide
3223:Death trajectory
3038:Mortuary science
3033:Funeral director
3024:
2990:Suspicious death
2762:Eternal oblivion
2548:Cryopreservation
2487:
2486:
2476:
2475:
2414:Infant mortality
2404:Excess mortality
2306:Terminal illness
2291:Lazarus syndrome
2276:End-of-life care
2227:Accidental death
2080:Caseous necrosis
2043:
2042:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1991:Deaths this year
1869:
1868:
1858:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1785:
1776:
1775:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1711:
1703:
1701:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1669:
1663:. Archived from
1646:
1637:(1, Article 5).
1628:
1616:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1539:
1533:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1391:Population Index
1386:
1373:
1372:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1131:
1120:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1087:. Archived from
1076:
1067:
1066:
1044:
1016:World population
1006:Vital statistics
702:
698:
694:
658:Cluster sampling
527:
525:
524:
519:
517:
516:
501:
498:
496:
495:
490:
479:
476:
474:
473:
468:
466:
465:
450:
447:
445:
444:
439:
437:
436:
427:
426:
408:
377:Infant mortality
343:
339:
199:
197:
196:
191:
189:
188:
172:
170:
169:
164:
162:
161:
137:
135:
134:
129:
127:
126:
108:
85:crude death rate
21:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4393:
4357:
4291:
4289:
4282:
4234:
4213:
4162:Overconsumption
4145:Family planning
4102:
4096:
4069:
4053:
4050:
4042:
4004:
4001:
3993:
3947:
3942:
3912:
3907:
3878:
3842:
3804:
3749:
3703:
3677:
3651:Risk difference
3639:
3600:
3534:
3526:
3481:
3473:
3437:Trial protocols
3420:
3411:
3381:
3376:
3348:
3334:
3278:Museum of Death
3228:Dignified death
3183:Death messenger
3158:Death education
3074:
3018:
3004:
2942:Declared death
2890:
2840:
2797:Online mourning
2702:
2668:Cadaveric spasm
2649:
2594:
2536:
2527:Skeletonization
2467:
2399:Child mortality
2394:Birthday effect
2382:
2315:
2311:Unnatural death
2242:Brainstem death
2213:
2152:Pseudoapoptosis
2034:
2029:
1986:Wayback Machine
1974:Wayback Machine
1953:
1948:
1939:Edmond Halley,
1920:Wayback Machine
1904:Wayback Machine
1878:
1873:
1872:
1819:
1815:
1800:
1786:
1779:
1732:
1728:
1716:
1714:
1705:
1704:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1626:
1617:
1610:
1601:
1599:
1589:
1585:
1576:
1574:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1551:
1549:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1524:, Fayard, 2007
1516:
1512:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1481:
1477:
1446:10.2307/1966567
1430:
1426:
1403:10.2307/3644262
1387:
1376:
1369:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1161:
1157:
1147:
1145:
1129:
1121:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1045:
1030:
1025:
1020:
931:
922:
898:
697:
682:
675:
654:
633:
624:
615:
512:
508:
506:
503:
502:
484:
481:
480:
461:
457:
455:
452:
451:
432:
428:
422:
418:
413:
410:
409:
391:
388:Child mortality
335:
206:
184:
180:
178:
175:
174:
157:
153:
151:
148:
147:
122:
118:
104:
96:
93:
92:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4488:
4478:
4477:
4475:Temporal rates
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4411:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4389:Sustainability
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4362:Related topics
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4253:
4251:Largest cities
4248:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4120:
4112:
4106:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4071:I = P × A × T
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4013:
4007:
4005:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3918:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3902:List of topics
3898:
3891:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3854:Selection bias
3850:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3775:Animal testing
3772:
3767:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3727:Mortality rate
3713:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3687:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3619:
3617:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3556:
3542:
3540:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3520:Platform trial
3512:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3489:
3487:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3432:Clinical trial
3428:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3410:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3387:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3364:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3086:Apparent death
3082:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2917:Cause of death
2914:
2909:
2907:Administration
2904:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2678:Death erection
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2613:Natural burial
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2446:Mortality rate
2443:
2438:
2431:
2426:
2424:Maternal death
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2368:Unusual deaths
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2301:Organ donation
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2249:Clinical death
2246:
2245:
2244:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2051:
2049:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1976:
1964:
1959:
1952:
1951:External links
1949:
1947:
1946:
1937:
1927:
1910:
1894:
1891:United Nations
1879:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1833:(3): 484–490.
1813:
1799:978-0262268097
1798:
1777:
1726:
1717:|journal=
1681:
1644:10.1.1.395.745
1608:
1583:
1558:
1534:
1510:
1492:
1475:
1440:(3): 125–135.
1424:
1397:(4): 552–568.
1374:
1368:978-0191678950
1367:
1341:
1319:
1293:
1286:
1276:Everitt, B.S.
1268:
1254:
1226:
1206:
1200:978-0123739605
1199:
1182:
1155:
1102:
1068:
1061:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1011:Weekend effect
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
932:
930:
927:
921:
918:
897:
894:
887:micronutrients
856:
855:
852:
849:
846:
842:
841:
838:
835:
832:
828:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
800:
799:
796:
793:
790:
786:
785:
782:
779:
776:
772:
771:
768:
765:
762:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
744:
743:
740:
737:
734:
730:
729:
726:
723:
720:
716:
715:
712:
709:
706:
674:
671:
667:sampling error
653:
650:
632:
629:
623:
620:
614:
611:
605:
604:
597:
590:
589:
582:
575:
574:
562:
558:
557:
550:
546:
545:
542:
535:
534:
515:
511:
488:
464:
460:
435:
431:
425:
421:
417:
404:
397:
396:
393:
384:
383:
380:
373:
372:
369:
362:
361:
358:
351:
350:
347:
334:
331:
326:
325:
316:
307:
298:
289:
280:
267:
258:
249:
240:
205:
202:
187:
183:
160:
156:
125:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
103:
100:
78:incidence rate
46:Mortality rate
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4487:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4420:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:Bennett's law
4367:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4290:organizations
4285:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4077:Kaya identity
4075:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4003:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3939:
3934:
3932:
3927:
3925:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:Meta-analysis
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3801:
3800:Vaccine trial
3798:
3796:
3795:Seeding trial
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3564:Retrospective
3562:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3533:
3529:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:EBM I to II-1
3480:
3476:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3394:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3373:
3365:
3363:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Death anxiety
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3106:Darwin Awards
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3063:Biostratinomy
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:Necropolitics
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2809:Reincarnation
2807:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2712:Other aspects
2709:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2663:Body donation
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:Dismemberment
2628:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:Mummification
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2532:Fossilization
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Decomposition
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Pallor mortis
2495:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1782:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1742:(446): 1–25.
1741:
1737:
1730:
1722:
1709:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1573:. 16 May 2020
1572:
1568:
1562:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1370:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1345:
1329:
1323:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1289:
1283:
1279:
1272:
1257:
1255:9780471866411
1251:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1231:
1216:
1210:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1073:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
936:Biodemography
934:
933:
926:
917:
913:
911:
906:
904:
893:
890:
888:
883:
879:
875:
872:According to
867:
862:
850:
844:
843:
836:
830:
829:
822:
816:
815:
808:
802:
801:
794:
788:
787:
780:
774:
773:
766:
760:
759:
752:
746:
745:
738:
732:
731:
724:
718:
717:
713:
710:
707:
704:
703:
693:
691:
687:
680:
670:
668:
664:
659:
649:
645:
641:
639:
628:
619:
610:
602:
598:
595:
592:
591:
587:
583:
580:
577:
576:
572:
568:
563:
560:
559:
555:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
537:
536:
532:
513:
509:
486:
462:
458:
433:
429:
423:
419:
415:
405:
402:
399:
398:
394:
389:
386:
385:
381:
378:
375:
374:
370:
367:
364:
363:
359:
356:
353:
352:
348:
344:
338:
330:
324:
320:
317:
315:
311:
308:
306:
302:
299:
297:
293:
290:
288:
284:
281:
279:
275:
271:
268:
266:
262:
259:
257:
253:
250:
248:
244:
241:
239:
235:
232:
231:
230:
229:
225:
223:
218:
216:
212:
201:
185:
181:
158:
154:
145:
141:
123:
119:
115:
109:
105:
101:
90:
86:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
33:
19:
4450:Epidemiology
4406:
4218:Publications
4177:Antinatalism
4115:
4092:World3 model
3952:Major topics
3900:
3893:
3886:
3726:
3675:Hazard ratio
3559:Cohort study
3218:Death threat
3101:Dark tourism
3043:Necrobiology
2985:Right to die
2943:
2902:Abortion law
2826:Resurrection
2814:Palingenesis
2711:
2673:Coffin birth
2580:Plastination
2541:Preservation
2517:Putrefaction
2512:Rigor mortis
2507:Algor mortis
2502:Livor mortis
2479:
2445:
2435:Memento mori
2433:
2286:Lazarus sign
2266:Death rattle
2209:Suicide gene
2194:Karyorrhexis
2085:Fat necrosis
1941:
1923:
1907:
1886:
1830:
1826:
1816:
1789:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1708:cite journal
1684:
1672:. Retrieved
1665:the original
1634:
1630:
1600:. Retrieved
1596:
1586:
1575:. Retrieved
1570:
1561:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:
1537:
1521:
1518:Jean Ziegler
1513:
1504:
1495:
1485:
1478:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1394:
1390:
1350:
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1305:
1296:
1277:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1245:
1218:. Retrieved
1209:
1190:
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1169:the original
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1133:
1093:. Retrieved
1089:the original
1084:
1052:
923:
914:
907:
899:
891:
882:malnutrition
874:Jean Ziegler
871:
683:
655:
646:
642:
634:
625:
616:
608:
567:missing data
531:proportional
336:
327:
322:
319:Tuberculosis
313:
304:
295:
286:
277:
264:
255:
246:
237:
227:
226:
219:
207:
143:
139:
84:
82:
49:
45:
44:
4101:Society and
4060:Biocapacity
3869:Null result
3828:Replication
3723:Infectivity
3645:Association
3596:Case report
3586:Case series
3569:Prospective
3335: [
3293:Necrophobia
3288:Necrophilia
3258:Immortality
3213:Death squad
3193:Death panel
3178:Death march
3173:Death knell
3153:Death drive
3126:Death deity
3070:Thanatology
3019: [
2965:Legal death
2944:in absentia
2922:Civil death
2767:Examination
2752:Crematorium
2635:Excarnation
2472:After death
2271:Dysthanasia
2237:Brain death
2169:Autoschizis
2147:Phenoptosis
2142:Parthanatos
2132:Necroptosis
2039:In medicine
1547:www.who.int
1505:data.un.org
1261:January 31,
1175:January 31,
1148:January 31,
1095:January 31,
910:food prices
903:Amartya Sen
688:; see also
301:Road injury
4445:Demography
4440:Population
4434:Categories
4288:Events and
4103:population
4049:Population
4000:Population
3945:Population
3671:Odds ratio
3663:Risk ratio
3629:Prevalence
3615:Occurrence
3591:Case study
3263:Last rites
3233:Extinction
3203:Death pose
3198:Death poem
3168:Death hoax
3148:Death camp
3141:Psychopomp
3016:Death tech
2871:Necromancy
2849:Paranormal
2831:Underworld
2683:Dissection
2645:Resomation
2640:Promession
2618:Sky burial
2585:Prosection
2570:Maceration
2281:Euthanasia
2199:Karyolysis
2157:Pyroptosis
2137:Paraptosis
2047:Cell death
1602:2020-06-11
1577:2020-06-11
1552:2020-06-11
1287:052181099X
1220:2020-03-30
1023:References
956:Life table
946:Demography
272:and other
66:prevalence
58:population
50:death rate
18:Death rate
4384:Migration
4261:6 billion
3731:Morbidity
3719:Virulence
3621:Incidence
3308:Sacrifice
3303:Predation
3268:Longevity
3058:Taphonomy
2995:Trust law
2950:Death row
2735:Afterlife
2688:Gibbeting
2625:Cremation
2590:Taxidermy
2565:Embalming
2441:Micromort
2387:Mortality
2164:Autolysis
2122:Autophagy
2117:Apoptosis
1913:Mortality
1885:based on
1847:0300-5771
1756:0013-0133
1674:August 7,
1661:201101995
1639:CiteSeerX
1454:0039-3665
991:Micromort
896:Economics
851:2045–2050
845:1995–2000
837:2040–2045
831:1990–1995
823:2035–2040
817:1985–1990
809:2030–2035
803:1980–1985
795:2025–2030
789:1975–1980
781:2020–2025
775:1970–1975
767:2015–2020
761:1965–1970
753:2010–2015
747:1960–1965
739:2005–2010
733:1955–1960
725:2000–2005
719:1950–1955
449:, where "
416:∑
274:dementias
116:⋅
70:incidence
62:morbidity
4419:Category
4187:Natalism
4110:Eugenics
3895:Glossary
3888:Category
3765:In vitro
3606:Measures
3425:Overview
3362:Category
3332:Thanabot
3283:Necronym
3253:Homicide
2804:Obituary
2792:Mourning
2782:Internet
2725:Cemetery
2600:Disposal
2553:Cryonics
2222:Abortion
2189:Pyknosis
2055:Necrosis
1982:Archived
1970:Archived
1916:Archived
1900:Archived
1865:17550952
1808:57141654
1772:55557306
1622:(2007).
1532:, p.130.
1419:12284917
1334:25 March
1312:25 March
929:See also
652:Sampling
138:, where
4408:Commons
4051:ecology
4002:biology
3770:In vivo
3372:Outline
3320:Suicide
2960:Inquest
2927:Coroner
2819:Saṃsāra
2787:Midwife
2772:Funeral
2747:Customs
2720:Carrion
2419:Karoshi
2232:Autopsy
2112:Anoikis
1876:Sources
1856:2572360
1764:2565734
1470:2734809
1462:1966567
1411:3644262
74:disease
4118:genics
3273:Martyr
3009:Fields
2970:Murder
2886:Séance
2856:Ghosts
2740:Tukdam
2608:Burial
2490:Stages
2174:Eschar
1945:(1693)
1863:
1853:
1845:
1806:
1796:
1770:
1762:
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1528:
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1365:
1284:
1252:
1197:
1059:
541:(ASMR)
243:Stroke
54:deaths
4239:Lists
3709:Other
3339:]
3313:human
3079:Other
3023:]
2895:Legal
2836:Vigil
2777:Grief
2325:Lists
2032:Death
1768:S2CID
1760:JSTOR
1668:(PDF)
1657:S2CID
1627:(PDF)
1458:JSTOR
1407:JSTOR
1242:(PDF)
1130:(PDF)
876:(the
711:Years
705:Years
596:(IFR)
581:(CFR)
554:cause
403:(SMR)
72:of a
48:, or
3548:vs.
3416:and
3000:Will
2481:Body
2451:RAMR
2107:AICD
1861:PMID
1843:ISSN
1804:OCLC
1794:ISBN
1752:ISSN
1721:help
1676:2011
1526:ISBN
1466:PMID
1450:ISSN
1415:PMID
1363:ISBN
1336:2020
1314:2020
1282:ISBN
1263:2020
1250:ISBN
1195:ISBN
1177:2020
1150:2020
1097:2020
1057:ISBN
854:9.7
840:9.4
826:9.0
812:8.6
806:10.0
798:8.3
792:10.6
784:8.1
778:11.6
770:8.1
764:12.9
756:8.1
750:16.2
742:8.1
736:17.3
728:8.4
722:19.1
714:CDR
390:rate
379:rate
368:rate
357:rate
346:Name
211:U.S.
4116:Dys
2254:DOA
1922:in
1906:in
1851:PMC
1835:doi
1744:doi
1740:108
1694:doi
1649:doi
1442:doi
1399:doi
1355:doi
1138:HHS
889:".
848:8.8
834:9.1
820:9.4
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573:).
569:by
238:126
215:CIA
89:CIA
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