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that burn into the peat can be detrimental to cypress trees, especially when there has been a long period with no fires. Catastrophic wildfires can alter the ground surface and transform a dome swamp into other types of wetlands, such as a wet prairie or shrub bog. Fire frequency is greatest along the edge of the dome and least moving inwards. Along the edge, the normal fire period may be three to five years, whereas the center may be as long as 100 to 150 years. Due to cypress domes having a more variable hydroperiod, cypress domes tend to have more natural fires than larger cypress forests. Fire patterns impact the quality of ecological services provided by cypress domes, for example carbon storage and hydrologic storage.
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the hydrology during periods of drought. Dome swamps can recharge the aquifers, acting as reservoirs. The average hydroperiod for a dome swamp is approximately 180 to 270 days per year. The water is deepest and remains the longest in the center of the dome. Prolonged dry and wet periods have a huge effect on cypress regeneration. Adult cypress trees are tolerant to extended periods of inundation, however their seeds cannot germinate under water and may not survive.
54:). The name comes from the dome-like shape of treetops, formed by smaller trees growing on the edge where the water is shallow while taller trees grow at the center in deeper water. They usually appear as circular, but if the center is too deep, they form a “doughnut” shape when viewed from above. Cypress domes are characteristically small compared to other swamps, however they can occur at a range of sizes, dependent on the depth.
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1114:. Conversion of surrounding lands to urban development, pastures, and agriculture can impede natural fires and changes the hydrology. Changing the hydroperiods of cypress domes may limit reproduction of natural species and increase likelihood of invasive species. Invasive species threaten native species through competition for light, nutrients, and space.
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in these communities. Without periodic fires, cypress may become less dominant. Cypress are tolerant to light surface fires, due to their thick, fire-resistant bark. Surface fires act as a mechanism to remove potential competitors without tolerance and resilience to fires. However, catastrophic fires
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Cypress domes form when pond cypress grow in shallow standing water. The ground level in the center of the dome may be several inches to a few feet lower than at the edge of the dome, but tree growth is more vigorous at the center of the dome. Thus, the treetops are higher at the center than at the
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The water levels of dome swamps are naturally fluctuating and dependent on seasonal rainfall. Dome swamps derive most of their water through runoff from surrounding uplands. They also may be influenced by groundwater when they are directly connected to the aquifer. Groundwater particularly impacts
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In addition, dome swamps are used as areas to treat wastewater. This can cause increased nutrients, organic matter, and minerals to enter the swamp. This can increase aquatic plants, decrease oxygen in the water, and cause declines in native populations. Dome swamps treated with sewage may have
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The major threat to cypress swamps are humans. Anthropogenic alterations have negative impacts including hydrological modifications, logging, increased nutrients, pollution from agricultural runoff, and
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Dome swamps have been used as a timber resource since the late 19th century. The rapid harvesting of cypress trees has made it difficult for them to regenerate and made them especially vulnerable.
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Casey, William P.; Ewel, Katherine C. (1998-12-28). "Soil redox potential in small pondcypress swamps after harvesting".
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129:. They are distinguished from southern coastal plain cypress domes by the presence of tropical understory species.
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Cypress domes are found in the southeastern region of the United States. They form in flatland depressions in the
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Korhnak, Larry V.; Riekerk, Hans (2000-09-01). "The hydrology of cypress wetlands in
Florida pine flatwoods".
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Cypress swamps occur in fire maintained communities. Fire is essential for maintaining the structure and
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Dierberg, F.; Brezonik, P. (1983-01-01). "Tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater by cypress domes".
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1459:. Fire in wetlands: a management perspective. Proceedings of the Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference
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Casey, W.P.; Ewel, K.C. (1998). "Soil redox potential in small pondcypress swamps after harvesting".
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Cypress domes are the most common swamp habitat in
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are found in southern
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Dome swamps provide breeding habitat for rare animals such as
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1212:. Florida Natural Areas Inventory. June 2009. Archived from
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10.1672/0277-5212(2000)020[0448:THOCWI]2.0.CO;2
113:, they also occur in other areas of Florida north of the
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Fire in
Cypress Swamps in the Southeastern United States
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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
164:Plant species that occur in cypress domes include:
106:are found throughout the southern coastal plains.
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104:Southern coastal plain nonriverine cypress domes
23:is a type of freshwater forested wetland, or a
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1139: – Forested wetland habitat in Florida
1121:higher water levels and litter production.
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1350:. University of Florida. Archived from
1294:. University of Florida. Archived from
951:Cypress dome with Alligator - G.Gardner
16:Swamp dominated by pond or bald cypress
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61:A cypress dome in the background
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1482:Forest Ecology and Management
1386:10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00409-5
1374:Forest Ecology and Management
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1024:Antigone canadensis pratensis
127:Big Cypress National Preserve
1541:Ecology of the United States
1424:10.1016/0043-1354(83)90043-X
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1097:Ursus americanus floridanus
119:South Florida cypress domes
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1546:Natural history of Florida
1450:Ewel, Katherine C (1995).
1112:invasion of exotic species
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1012:Alligator mississippiensis
990:). Other species include:
210:taperleaf waterhorehound (
177:Telmatoblechnum serrulatum
1292:"Types of Florida Swamps"
1049:Notophthalmus perstriatus
421:Cephalanthus occidentalis
366:floating water spangles (
1324:explorer.natureserve.org
1172:explorer.natureserve.org
1080:Similar cebrionid beetle
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204:Lachnanthes caroliniana
174:toothed midsorus fern (
1019:Florida sandhill crane
1000:Agkistrodon piscivorus
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884:Rhapidophyllum hystrix
699:Carolina cherry laurel
548:Chamaecyparis thyoides
80:Atlantic coastal plain
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962:flatwoods salamanders
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776:Cionanthus virginicus
360:Sagittaria lancifolia
306:Miscellaneous species
295:Virginia chain fern (
60:
1527:at Wikimedia Commons
927:Tillandsia usneoides
692:Fraxinus caroliniana
543:Atlantic white cedar
355:bulltongue arrowhead
298:Woodwardia virginica
186:Boehmeria cylindrica
1416:1983WatRe..17.1027D
1344:"Freshwater Swamps"
1073:Puma concolor coryi
903:Sarcostemma clausum
596:Magnolia virginiana
572:Gordonia lasianthus
560:Chrysobalanus icaco
488:coastalplain willow
433:Cyrilla racemiflora
338:Nymphoides aquatica
148:species composition
82:, in the states of
1092:Florida black bear
1056:Ornate chorus frog
1007:American alligator
987:Mycteria americana
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872:Taxodium ascendens
860:Taxodium distichum
788:Cionanthus pygmeus
735:swamp chestnut oak
728:Gleditsia aquatica
704:Prunus caroliniana
273:Osmunda cinnamomea
201:Carolina redroot (
195:Cladium jamaicense
169:Herbaceous species
76:Gulf coastal plain
66:edge of the dome.
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51:Taxodium ascendens
41:Taxodium distichum
1556:Swamps of Florida
1523:Media related to
1085:Selonodon similis
1061:Pseudacris ornata
1037:Lithobates capito
915:Smilax laurifolia
910:laurel greenbrier
740:Quercus michauxii
493:Salix caroliniana
416:common buttonbush
410:Shrubs (uncommon)
390:Thalia geniculata
333:big floatingheart
225:Panicum hemitomon
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771:white fringetree
608:Persea palustris
563:, South Florida)
527:, South Florida)
261:Saururus cernuus
213:Lycopus rubellus
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898:white twinevine
764:Quercus phellos
716:Ulmus americana
668:Nyssa sylvatica
620:Pinus elliottii
481:Myrica cerifera
452:Virginia willow
440:St. John's wort
387:alligatorflag (
369:Salvinia minima
285:Osmunda regalis
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155:List of species
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142:Fire dependency
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111:Central Florida
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1404:Water Research
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1348:SFRC Extension
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1219:on 2012-09-13.
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1300:. Retrieved
1296:the original
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1214:the original
1207:"Dome Swamp"
1175:. Retrieved
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1131:Cypress knee
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36:bald cypress
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21:cypress dome
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995:Cottonmouth
982:wood storks
879:needle palm
836:Sabal minor
812:Ilex glabra
632:Pinus taeda
531:river birch
512:Acer rubrum
349:Orchidaceae
311:duckweeds (
290:spectabilis
96:Mississippi
1535:Categories
1463:2018-12-07
1358:2012-05-21
1329:2018-12-06
1302:2009-05-19
1177:2018-12-06
1147:References
972:white ibis
934:poison ivy
800:Ilex opaca
759:willow oak
615:slash pine
519:pond apple
476:wax myrtle
464:fetterbush
402:Tillandsia
280:royal fern
220:maidencane
192:sawgrass (
123:Everglades
1502:0378-1127
1432:0043-1354
1259:1943-6246
1030:Carolina
967:Ambystoma
747:water oak
663:black gum
639:pond pine
603:swamp bay
555:Coco plum
507:red maple
445:Hypericum
397:wild pine
326:Landoltia
320:Spirodela
244:beaksedge
237:Polygonum
232:knotweeds
133:Hydrology
100:Louisiana
1239:Wetlands
1125:See also
591:sweetbay
381:Sphagnum
125:and the
30:Taxodium
1412:Bibcode
1267:1609355
1105:Threats
980:), and
970:spp.),
345:orchids
92:Alabama
88:Florida
84:Georgia
1500:
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579:dahoon
323:, and
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1457:(PDF)
1263:S2CID
1217:(PDF)
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956:Fauna
892:Vines
501:Trees
448:spp.)
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384:spp.)
351:spp.)
314:Lemna
288:var.
252:spp.)
240:spp.)
160:Flora
70:Range
25:swamp
1498:ISSN
1428:ISSN
1255:ISSN
428:titi
1490:doi
1486:112
1420:doi
1382:doi
1378:112
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