Knowledge

Cyclone Pam

Source đź“ť

830:, at least 132,000 people have been impacted by Tropical Cyclone Pam, of whom 54,000 are children. Communication across the country was crippled, with only one cellular tower in Port Vila remaining operational. The power grid was devastated as well and officials estimated repairs could take weeks. Four days after the storm, nearly 60 of the nation's inhabited islands remained cut-off from the outside world. UNICEF has estimated that up to 90 percent of the buildings in Vanuatu have been affected by Tropical Cyclone Pam. Hospitals, schools and water supply are either compromised or destroyed. Journalist Michael McLennan in Port Vila likened the effects of Pam to a bomb: "It's like a bomb has gone through...It's really quite apocalyptic." Sune Gudnitz, head of the 1292: 1415: 4141: 1281: 942:. Communication with the islands was completely severed during the storm, and first contact with residents did not take place until two days after Pam's passage. A pilot who flew to the islands reported that all infrastructure had been crippled, with every structure severely damaged or destroyed. Concrete buildings held up during the storm, but lost their roofs. Locals reported two fatalities on Tanna, though this was unconfirmed by officials. Additionally, there was no drinkable water left on the island. Approximately 95 percent of the homes on 274: 819: 1227: 5331: 5070: 4350: 647: 1106: 51: 537: 790: 5341: 5082: 547: 468: 557: 730:, who estimated that Pam weakened to Category 4 intensity on 15 March after maintaining Category 5 intensity for 36 hours. Shortly after, the storm's eye faded away and Pam's low level circulation became displaced from its associated thunderstorms, signalling a rapid weakening phase. Later on 15 March, both agencies discontinued issuing advisories as Pam entered a phase of 814:
The death toll from Cyclone Pam is uncertain, with totals from the Vanuatu Government and United Nations differing. According to Vanuatu, 11 people died as a direct result of Pam. Four others died at Vila Central Hospital shortly after the storm's passage, though these are considered indirectly
686:
before resuming its prior southwesterly motion towards the end of 11 March. The storm's eye continued to warm as its cloud tops cooled such that at 12:00 UTC, the FMS assessed Pam to have reached Category 5 intensity on the Australian cyclone scale. Six hours later, the JTWC estimated that
1338:
airbase carrying engineers to repair the water supply, a Red Cross technician and spare parts to enable the reopening of the airport to scheduled flights. A second CASA-235 was dispatched from French Polynesia carrying tools for rebuilding, satelitte communications, tents and logistics supplies for
1088:
from high tides were set to occur. Emergency shelters for possible evacuations were identified by 12 March. Fears concerning the Fijian infrastructure's susceptibility to winds and flooding were raised by the Disaster Management Office. Later that day, cruise operators announced that trips to the
1067:
on 12 March, causing extensive damage. Approximately 1,500 homes were damaged or destroyed in the region and 5,000 people were directly. Powerful winds toppled numerous trees. Several injuries were reported, though exact numbers are unknown. Tikopia's lost roughly 90 percent of its
1019:
were most affected. Significant damage to agriculture and infrastructure occurred. The outermost islands were hardest hit, with one flooded in its entirety. A state of emergency was subsequently declared on 14 March. Water supplies on Nui were contaminated by seawater and rendered undrinkable. An
802:
stated volunteers were on standby for assessments in Fiji, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu once the storm passed. Supplies of water and water purification systems were pre-positioned for the countries. Acting director of the Vanuatu National Disaster Management Office, Peter Korisa, warned that
1389:
operation was to provide essential non-food items and shelter. Flights carrying these supplies from Fiji began on 17 March. Prime Minister Sopoaga stated that Tuvalu appeared capable of handling the disaster on its own and urged that international relief be focused on Vanuatu. Tuvalu's Disaster
797:
By 12 March, the National Disaster Management Office in Vanuatu activated all emergency operation centres in the country. Officials reported difficulty in contacting outlying islands where there was poor infrastructure. In those areas, they advised residents to identify nearby shelters in case
1402:
The Situation Report published on 30 March reported that on Nukufetau all the displaced people have returned to their homes. Nui suffered the most damage of the three central islands (Nui, Nukufetau and Vaitupu); with both Nui and Nukufetau suffering the loss of 90% of the crops. Of the three
983:, which peaked at 3.4 m (11 ft) on 19 February 2015, caused considerable road damage across the multi-island nation of Tuvalu. Between 10 and 11 March, waves, estimated to be 3–5 m (9.8–16.4 ft), associated with the cyclone swept across the low-lying islands of 1272:
were completed by 14 March to allow the first flights from Australia carrying aid to arrive. Initial monetary assistance included $ 3.8 million from Australia, $ 2.9 million from the United Kingdom, $ 1.8 million from New Zealand, and $ 1.05 million from the
1354:, located just north of Efate, were forced to drink saltwater. Survivors stated that no aid had reached them as of 17 March, and most were forced to scavenge for food. It was not until 27 March, two weeks after Pam struck, that aid finally reached all of the affected islands. 427:. In Vanuatu, all emergency centres were activated and relief personnel were put on standby with Pam assessed as having the potential to be one of the nation's worst tropical cyclones. Catastrophic damage occurred as the storm moved through the archipelago, particularly in 1206:(pop: 650), prompting the declaration of a civil defence emergency. Downed trees cut power to portions of the islands, though no major damage was reported. Twelve people sought refuge in a public shelter. A wharf on the north side of the islands was damaged by rough seas. 726:. This intensity was short-lived, however, as Pam's central pressure began rising shortly thereafter as the storm accelerated southeastward. After 12:00 UTC that day, Pam left the area of responsibility of the FMS and entered the monitoring region of New Zealand's 815:
related. According to the United Nations, a total of 16 people were killed. In the immediate aftermath, media outlets indicated unconfirmed reports of 44 casualties in the many villages destroyed by the storm; however, these claims were never substantiated.
1398:
As of 22 March 71 families (40 percent of the population) of Nui remain displaced and were living in 3 evacuation centres or with other families and on Nukufetau, 76 people (13 percent of the population) remain displaced and were living in 2 evacuation centres.
5112: 4113: 311:. A total of 15–16 people died either directly or indirectly as a result of Pam with many others injured. The storm's impacts were also felt, albeit to a lesser extent, on other islands in the South Pacific, most notably the 1371:
responded by distributing shelter kits, water filtration kits and food packages, as well as setting up 10 evacuation centres in Port Vila. In total, ADRA assisted more than 10,000 people in 2586 households across three islands.
1403:
northern islands (Nanumanga, Niutao, Nanumea), Nanumanga suffered the most damage, with 60–100 houses flooded and damage to the health facility. The number of influenza cases that had been reported in Nanumanga had stabilised.
371:
and tracked slowly in a generally southward direction, slowly intensifying as it did so. Two days later, the disturbance reached tropical cyclone intensity and, over subsequent days, Pam gradually strengthened before reaching
363:
for having the second strongest ten-minute maximum sustained winds in the Southern Hemisphere. Thousands of homes, schools and buildings were damaged or destroyed, with an estimated 3,300 people displaced as a result.
1394:
as sources of fresh water were contaminated. On 17 March, the Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced a donation of US$ 61,000 in aid to Tuvalu. UNICEF and Australia have committed to deliver aid to Tuvalu.
1384:
on 14 March. Owing to the severity of damage in the nation, the local chapter of the Red Cross enacted an emergency operation plan on 16 March which would focus on the needs of 3,000 people. The focus on the
1277:, $ 250,000 from India and promised to extend any further assistance required. The French overseas territories of New Caledonia and French Polynesia have granted €300,000 (US$ 318,000) of immediate emergency aid. 2483: 5119: 4120: 2295: 953:
North of Efate, the small island of Mataso was largely destroyed with only two homes left standing after the storm. Residents sought refuge in caves to ride out the storm; two people died there.
1068:
food crop and fruit trees; water sources were also contaminated. Contact with Anuta was lost as all its phone lines failed; the island remained isolated for at least a week after Pam's passage.
2720:
According to LCDR Lewis, the Tukoro was left sitting dead flat on the beach and suffered damage to the propeller shafts and rudders and some damage to the hull itself, although it wasn't holed.
1268:
requested international assistance for his people. Immediately following the cyclone's impact in Vanuatu, governments across the world began providing aid relief funds. Sufficient repairs of
702:; this was increased to 280 km/h (175 mph) in post-season reanalysis. Several hours later, the cyclone began to curve towards the south-southeast, allowing Pam to pass just east of 706:. At that time, the FMS estimated Pam as having record-breaking 250 km/h (155 mph) ten-minute sustained winds. The storm's winds gradually slowed afterwards as Pam tracked west of 1191:. Heavy rains accompanied the system as well, with over 200 mm (7.9 in) falling in areas between Hicks Bay and Gisborne. Along the coast, waves reached 4.5 m (15 ft) in 775:
After all the development we have done for the last couple of years and this big cyclone came and just destroyed... all the infrastructure the government has... built. Completely destroyed.
1144:). At the height of the storm, a maximum of 6000 inhabitants suffered power outages, but power was then restored fairly quickly to the vast majority. As perceived by the population of the 1164:
Civil Defense officials in New Zealand issued severe weather warnings, that the remnants of Cyclone Pam could bring unprecedented damage to much of the northeastern coastal areas of the
831: 451:. The cyclone crippled Vanuatu's infrastructure: an estimated 90 percent of the nation's buildings were impacted by the storm's effects, telecommunications were paralysed, and 1318:, New Caledonia, to conduct surveys along with aircraft from the island territory. On 15 March, Australia confirmed that supplies for up to 5,000 people would be sent via two 2236: 2209: 2182: 2132: 2105: 2078: 2051: 2024: 1997: 1970: 1943: 1916: 1889: 1862: 1835: 1808: 1781: 1754: 1727: 1700: 1673: 1646: 1616: 799: 615:. The system was located underneath an upper-level ridge of high pressure and within an area favourable for further development with low-moderate vertical windshear. As a result, 388:, passing near several constituent islands and making direct hits on others. On 14 March, Pam's winds began to slowly weaken, but its pressure dropped further to a minimum of 896 3734: 396:) before rising shortly afterwards. Over the next few days, the cyclone's weakening accelerated as it moved poleward. On 15 March, Pam passed northeast of New Zealand before 2758: 1342:
More than four days after the storm, much of the affected population had yet to be reached. A lack of airstrips and deepwater ports hampered the speed of relief operations.
670:
atop it persisting in strength. At 18:00 UTC on 10 March, the FMS upgraded the system to category 3 strength, making it a severe tropical cyclone. Shortly after,
1175:
On 15 March gale-force winds began affecting northern parts of the North Island and continued into the following day, with gusts peaking at 148 km/h (92 mph) in
4444: 3090: 2347: 5105: 5128: 4106: 3760: 1547: 4386: 1307:, in which France would carry out damage assessments while Australia and New Zealand would provide humanitarian aid. In accordance with this, France ordered the 639:. Atmospheric conditions at the time were slightly favourable for continued development as the storm continued to slowly track along the southern periphery of a 4239: 1048:. Trees and crops were flattened, and residents sheltered in schools and in caves after their homes were destroyed. Rainfall was particularly intense over the 3496: 1136:
On the whole, material damages were relatively light, with a few fallen trees, a few roofs blown out, and only 26 people in need of emergency housing (18 on
4299: 4275: 4203: 4191: 4179: 4155: 4311: 4215: 1533: 4625: 1330:
was also deployed with emergency evaluation personnel and Department of Foreign Affairs officials to determine specifics on aid required. On 15 March a
2675: 2458: 3604: 3413: 5420: 5365: 4353: 1323: 4287: 3976: 3344: 3322: 2732: 3630: 1365:
group by boat, and distributed over 40 tons of rice, flour and water to twelve villages and eight schools on two islands levelled by the cyclone.
734:
while affecting northeastern New Zealand. The system moved eastwards, and eventually dissipated over the waters of the South Pacific on 20 March.
654:
Following the storm's name, Pam began to curve southwards around midday on 9 March. Computer models continued to point towards the possibility of
4323: 4251: 4227: 4167: 3836: 2847: 2380: 3021: 1234:
Before the disaster, many developed countries pledged funds to assist smaller, developing nations with disaster preparation and relief efforts.
1133:, and the alert ended at 17:00 and 20:00 local time on the same day. All alert levels were then lifted on Sunday, 15 March at 08:00 local time. 627:
intensity on 8 March. The storm's appearance and areal coverage of showers remained stationary until the following day, when the formation of
3277: 3043: 2931: 2262: 1327: 1304: 1084:
activated its Emergency Operations Centre and directed precautionary measures to be undertaken, with the expectation that flash flooding and
631:
wrapping around the centre of the system prompted the FMS to upgrade the storm's classification to a category 1 tropical cyclone on the
3345:"CommuniquĂ© de presse_DSCGR_du 13 mars 2015_alerte cyclonique n°2 (PAM) | Direction de la SĂ©curitĂ© Civile et de la Gestion des Risques" 3323:"CommuniquĂ© de presse_DSCGR_du 13 mars 2015_alerte cyclonique n°1 (PAM) | Direction de la SĂ©curitĂ© Civile et de la Gestion des Risques" 4379: 4054: 3894: 3300: 2956: 1052:, where a 24‑hour total of 495 mm (19.5 in) was observed. Continuous heavy rain prompted the evacuation of 500 students in 5410: 4395: 2984: 2784: 1257: 743: 5400: 5334: 1428: 297: 4029: 4002: 3224: 2762: 2650: 619:
anticipated the development of a significant tropical cyclone over the coming days. Initially, the disturbance floundered east of the
5415: 1097:
was postponed until at least 01:00 UTC on 16 March. Other residents were warned not to venture out to sea as Pam passed nearby.
3738: 766:
Bavi and Pam caused severe weather including swells, heavy rain and strong winds to be reported within Kiribati between 8–11 March.
698:
Early on 13 March, the JTWC determined Pam reached its peak one-minute sustained winds of 270 km/h (170 mph) as it neared
4130: 3666: 2213: 1513: 1504: 1494: 1484: 1472: 1462: 1447: 1437: 723: 336: 328: 284: 1572: 5440: 5073: 4372: 4063: 3924: 1368: 1243: 742:
Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam was responsible for 24 deaths as it impacted various parts of the Pacific Ocean, before the name was
688: 381: 3549: 3440: 5405: 3920: 3796: 3116: 3068: 5435: 5430: 3094: 798:
evacuation was necessary. Across the country, residents spent the day on 12 March stocking up on supplies for the storm. The
419:
declaration after 45 percent of the nation's residents were displaced. Torrential rainfall occurred in the southeastern
3681: 3170: 1346:'s Vanuatu director, Tom Skirrow, stated that the logistical challenges presented with Cyclone Pam greatly exceeded that of 662:. Significant development in Pam's organisation took place throughout the remainder of the day into 10 March. The cyclone's 5425: 5385: 3247: 3193: 3139: 2901: 3854: 2876: 1308: 3500: 5445: 3712: 2698: 1586:(2). United States Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center. 29 May 2015. Archived from 1503: â€“ the strongest cyclone recorded in the South Pacific; impacted Fiji as a Category 5 severe tropical cyclone in 2409: 632: 377: 2320: 1269: 1125:. The second and highest level of cyclone alert was raised at 03:00 local time on 14 March 2015 for the islands of 1109:
Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam transitioning into an extratropical cyclone to the northeast of New Zealand on 15 March
384:
on 12 March. The next day, Pam's sustained winds peaked at 250 km/h (155 mph) as the storm moved through
1117:
as a precaution. On 13 March 2015 at noon local time, this was raised to the first level of cyclone alert for the
3470: 2961: 1156:, both as a means of subsistence for the coming season and as a cultural apparatus for ceremonies like weddings. 4098: 1020:
estimated 45 percent of the nation's nearly 10,000 people were displaced, according to Prime Minister
5375: 2512: 1242:, has called for insurance schemes to help the Vanuatu government respond to natural disasters. United Nations 1080:
warned residents in low-lying areas of potential flooding from the system's outer rain bands. On 11 March, the
2998: 1199:. The cyclone also brought cooler temperatures throughout most of the North Island and northern South Island. 1093:
would be cancelled due to the storm. Anticipating dangerous conditions from the cyclone, the fifth leg of the
822:
Enlarged track of Cyclone Pam between 12 and 14 March depicting its path in relation to the islands of Vanuatu
3575: 3523: 2811: 1148:, the worst damage was in fact the loss of the yams harvest, which will affect numerous communities of both 5380: 4711: 3417: 1122: 616: 3388: 576: 3980: 1335: 604: 123: 2736: 2623: 19:
This article is about the 2015 South Pacific tropical cyclone. For the 1997 storm of the same name, see
3648: 1319: 755: 588: 5370: 2542: 607: (FMS) on 6 March, while it was located about 750 kilometres (465 mi) to the north-east of 340: 5097: 1812: 718:) on 14 March, making Pam the second most intense tropical cyclone in the South Pacific basin after 455:
continue to plague the small nation. Pam later brought heavy winds and rough surf to New Zealand's
5395: 5344: 5085: 4706: 3778: 2266: 1420: 1032:
Early in the Cyclone Pam's development, it produced torrential rains and gale-force winds over the
731: 481: 397: 175: 1291: 5390: 5280: 5054: 5049: 4781: 4666: 4419: 4140: 1350:
which left over 7,350 dead or missing in the Philippines during November 2013. Residents on
1168:. Swells of 6–8 m (20–26 ft) were forecast with potential for damage exceeding that of 1081: 971:, a total of $ 268.4 million is needed for total recovery and rehabilitation of the nation. 747: 663: 2239:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 2081:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 2054:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 2027:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1973:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1946:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1892:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1838:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1784:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1757:. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1650: 269: 667: 650:
Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam strengthening off the island of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu on 11 March
373: 319:, and New Zealand. Pam is the third most intense storm of the South Pacific Ocean according to 3522:
McCracken, Heather; Papatsoumas, Nikki; Feek, Belinda; Gisborne Herald staff (16 March 2015).
3366: 1303:
Australia, France, and New Zealand enacted a coordinated response within the framework of the
1280: 4761: 4736: 3225:"Cyclone Pam moves through Pacific Ocean with potential of turning into category five system" 1184: 1041: 710:. However, the FMS indicated that the cyclone's pressure dropped further to a minimum of 896 560: 401: 87: 4595: 4414: 4409: 2240: 2186: 2136: 2109: 2082: 2055: 2028: 2001: 1974: 1947: 1920: 1893: 1866: 1839: 1785: 1758: 1731: 1704: 1677: 303:
of the South Pacific Ocean in terms of sustained winds and is regarded as one of the worst
2598: 1647:"Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and Southern Pacific Oceans 062100" 273: 8: 5301: 5285: 5183: 5142: 4892: 640: 624: 572: 550: 320: 2484:"Cyclone Pam: Dozens feared dead in Vanuatu in 'one of worst storms in Pacific history'" 2296:"Vanuatu president begs world to help rebuild, blames climate change, after Cyclone Pam" 2212:. Wellington, New Zealand: Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited. Archived from 1587: 4499: 1215: 1188: 1049: 683: 424: 416: 344: 20: 4364: 4060: 3950: 3814: 5340: 5081: 3444: 3301:"Cyclone Pam: Pacific nations on alert as storm intensifies to category three system" 2733:"UNESCO supports recovery of Vanuatu's culture sector following Tropical Cyclone Pam" 1362: 1343: 758:, caused one of the strongest trade wind reversals that had been observed on record. 304: 3928: 3815:"Cyclone Pam: UN agency reports all 22 Vanuatu islands reached with relief supplies" 4434: 1265: 1094: 1085: 781: 592: 540: 471:
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
300: 2321:"Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu activates emergency plans as category five system predicted" 1548:"Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu awaits first wave of relief and news from worst-hit islands" 5239: 4978: 4484: 4128: 4067: 3761:"La Polynésie débloque 10 millions de francs pour aider les sinistrés du Vanuatu" 2410:"Tropical Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu death toll rises to 16 as relief effort continues" 1500: 1203: 1145: 1118: 1045: 1033: 818: 715: 655: 620: 612: 596: 420: 393: 368: 360: 324: 312: 246: 204: 152: 3255: 3201: 3147: 2909: 5265: 4535: 4504: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4439: 4424: 4335: 2575: 1509: 1347: 1331: 1274: 1250: 1226: 1090: 939: 890: 811:
in 1987 which killed 50 people and caused US$ 150 million in damage.
452: 448: 356: 352: 3872: 2759:"Peak tide affects Tuvaluan communities living in coastal and low-lying areas" 2159: 1149: 1137: 1126: 5359: 5311: 5306: 5275: 5244: 5208: 5198: 5188: 5157: 5013: 4998: 4988: 4953: 4933: 4928: 4918: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4857: 4852: 4837: 4812: 4802: 4751: 4721: 4716: 4696: 4671: 4620: 4570: 4565: 4545: 4530: 4525: 4489: 4459: 3521: 2459:"Dozens feared dead in Vanuatu after cyclone Pam leaves trail of destruction" 2185:. Nadi, Fiji: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from 1620: 1458: 1443: 1351: 1114: 1021: 866: 679: 675: 348: 258: 196: 144: 28: 4093: 5316: 5270: 5249: 5224: 5203: 5193: 5178: 5147: 5044: 5034: 5029: 5008: 5003: 4993: 4983: 4963: 4948: 4938: 4923: 4887: 4882: 4862: 4842: 4832: 4817: 4807: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4741: 4731: 4726: 4701: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4651: 4646: 4615: 4610: 4600: 4590: 4585: 4575: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4540: 4509: 4454: 4449: 4429: 4030:"Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 2 (as of 30 March 2015)" 4003:"Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 1 (as of 22 March 2015)" 3682:"'Disaster' in Vanuatu After Cyclone Pam Tears Through Pacific Archipelago" 2435: 1490: 1468: 1235: 1169: 1165: 947: 456: 158:(Third-lowest in South Pacific basin, Fourth-lowest in Southern Hemisphere) 2207: 1649:. United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Archived from 1475: - 230 km/h (145 mph), 917 mbar (hPa; 27:08 inHg) 5229: 5173: 5152: 5039: 4973: 4958: 4943: 4913: 4908: 4847: 4827: 4822: 4797: 4756: 4746: 4661: 4656: 4641: 4605: 4580: 4494: 4479: 2263:
ENSO Wrap-Up: Tropical cyclone activity may lead to further ocean warming
1480: 1454: 1433: 1391: 1386: 1246: 1218:
was dispatched to the eastern Solomon Islands for aerial damage surveys.
1053: 1004: 961: 808: 751: 719: 600: 408: 332: 262: 35: 24: 2761:. Island Business (FENUI NEWS/PACNEWS). 24 February 2015. Archived from 4073: 1239: 1202:
The storm later brought winds up to 140 km/h (87 mph) to the
1196: 1105: 1012: 727: 646: 603:. The second system was first noted as Tropical Disturbance 11F by the 432: 200: 148: 50: 3667:"Ban highlights climate risks as Vanuatu counts dead from Cyclone Pam" 834:(OCHA), stated that Pam was indeed a worst-case scenario for Vanuatu. 789: 5127: 2706: 2265:(Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. p. 1. Archived from 1465: â€“ 230 km/h (145 mph), 900 mbar (hPa; 26.58 inHg) 1450: â€“ 230 km/h (145 mph), 900 mbar (hPa; 26.58 inHg) 1440: â€“ 240 km/h (150 mph), 890 mbar (hPa; 26.28 inHg) 1284: 1180: 1008: 996: 980: 935: 804: 671: 444: 436: 2520: 1674:"Tropical Disturbance Summary For area Equator to 25S, 160E to 120W" 1315: 575:
occurred, which subsequently contributed to the development of the
3298: 3248:"Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam: Cruise operators cancel Yasawa trips" 3222: 2180: 2157: 2130: 2103: 1995: 1914: 1860: 1806: 1725: 1698: 1671: 1614: 1192: 628: 580: 242: 832:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
750:
of tropical cyclone names. The system also influenced the Pacific
4078: 1534:
First Category 5 Tropical Cyclone of 2020, Harold, Pounds Vanuatu
1358: 1296: 1064: 1037: 1016: 992: 960:, Vanuata's most significant patrol vessel, was washed ashore on 699: 659: 608: 584: 467: 385: 308: 254: 56: 2819:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
2630:. ReliefWeb. The Pacific Islands News Association. 31 March 2015 1230:
Yachts wrecked by the storm in a harbour near Port Vila, Vanuatu
800:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
3797:"Deux Casa et un Guardian engagés pour venir en aide à Vanuatu" 3468: 1381: 1261: 1000: 984: 968: 943: 878: 827: 692: 682:
on 11 March. That day, Pam became quasi-stationary east of the
412: 316: 250: 3951:"UNICEF rushes emergency supplies for cyclone-affected Tuvalu" 3278:"Volvo Ocean Race postpones start due to Tropical Cyclone Pam" 2651:"Cyclone Pam: more deaths and water shortages to follow storm" 2596: 687:
the storm reached Category 5-equivalent intensity on the
4088: 2599:"Aid workers scramble to help Cyclone Pam victims in Vanuatu" 2208:
Wellington Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (March 14, 2015).
1497:
that impacted Vanuatu as a Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
1153: 1141: 1130: 1060: 988: 854: 707: 703: 440: 428: 3979:. Australian Associated Press. 19 March 2015. Archived from 3602: 3497:"Cyclone Pam – Latest update 7:35 pm Monday 16th March" 2812:
Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam
2234: 2076: 2049: 2022: 1968: 1941: 1887: 1833: 1779: 1752: 1644: 1024:. Damage across the nation amounted to US$ 92 million. 3855:"After cyclone, Israeli mission provides relief in Vanuatu" 3573: 3001:. ReliefWeb. Radio New Zealand International. 13 March 2015 2678:. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 11 December 2018 2676:"Supporting cyclone recovery and reconstruction in Vanuatu" 1176: 1077: 946:
were reportedly destroyed. Total damage in Vanuatu reached
711: 495:
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
490:
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, â‰¤62 km/h)
389: 238: 2932:"Press Release issued by the Office of the Prime Minister" 2576:"Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu islanders forced to drink saltwater" 563:, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression 515:
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
510:
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
4083: 3605:"Cyclone Pam: Australia gives Vanuatu $ 5 million in aid" 3171:"Northern Division activates Emergency Operations Centre" 2135:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 2108:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 2000:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1919:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1865:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1811:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1730:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1703:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1676:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 505:
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
3576:"Cyclone Pam: Conditions expected to worsen in Chathams" 2158:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (28 December 2002).
678:-feature developing within Pam. This became apparent on 500:
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
4394: 3631:"Cyclone Pam: Why Japan is a leader in disaster relief" 3369:(in French). Les Nouvelles Calédoniennes. 17 March 2015 2436:"Cyclone 'devastates' South Pacific islands of Vanuatu" 2348:"Vanuatu prepares for worst as Cyclone Pam approaches" 2181:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 14, 2015).
2131:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 14, 2015).
2104:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 13, 2015).
1996:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 12, 2015).
1915:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 11, 2015).
1861:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 10, 2015).
1807:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 10, 2015).
1516:
and the strongest cyclone to impact Vanuatu since Pam.
1299:
three years after Cyclone Pam. Photo captured in 2018.
3713:"Aid effort stepped up after monster Vanuatu cyclone" 3471:"Cyclone Pam weakening as it nears New Zealand video" 3299:
Australian Broadcasting Corporation (11 March 2015).
3223:
Australian Broadcasting Corporation (10 March 2015).
2848:"One Tuvalu island evacuated after flooding from Pam" 2381:"Vanuatu govt still say Cyclone Pam death toll at 11" 1726:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 9, 2015).
1699:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 8, 2015).
1672:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 7, 2015).
1615:
RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 6, 2015).
1390:
Coordinator, Suneo Silu, said the priority island is
1076:
Although not in the direct path of Pam, officials in
979:
Prior to the formation of Cyclone Pam, flooding from
3649:"Vanuatu appeals for help after Cyclone Pam strikes" 3022:"Tropical Cyclone Pam batters South Pacific islands" 2991: 2416:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 21 March 2015 2323:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 12 March 2015 1410: 520:
Category 5 (≥157 mph, â‰Ą252 km/h)
3490: 3488: 2690: 1172:– which struck New Zealand's North Island in 1988. 3191: 3168: 3083: 2908:. Radio New Zealand. 16 March 2015. Archived from 2896: 2894: 579:and the development of two tropical cyclones near 5129:Category 5 South Pacific severe tropical cyclones 3921:"Taiwan donates US$ 61,000 to cyclone-hit Tuvalu" 3837:"IsraAID brings aid to Vanuatu after Cyclone Pam" 3469:Collette Devlin and Ian Steward (15 March 2015). 3044:"Storm forces mass evacuation of Solomons school" 5357: 3485: 3162: 3119:. Radio New Zealand International. 20 March 2015 3071:. Radio New Zealand International. 13 March 2015 2957:"45 percent of Tuvalu population displaced – PM" 2879:. Radio New Zealand International. 14 March 2015 2648: 2597:Steve Almasy and Jethro Mullen (15 March 2015). 2507: 2505: 2383:. Radio New Zealand International. 22 March 2015 1617:"Tropical Disturbance Summary March 6, 2015 09z" 1545: 3735:"Notre soutien au Vanuatu après le cyclone Pam" 3679: 3628: 3245: 3137: 2902:"Emergency supplies being mobilised for Tuvalu" 2891: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2456: 2235:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 15, 2015). 2077:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 13, 2015). 2050:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 13, 2015). 2023:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 12, 2015). 1969:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 11, 2015). 1942:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 11, 2015). 1888:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 10, 2015). 1834:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 10, 2015). 1253:leads to increased risks of natural disasters. 1183:. Some voluntary evacuations took place in the 934:Catastrophic damage occurred on the islands of 571:During the opening days of March 2015, a major 3895:"International assistance due today in Tuvalu" 3603:David Wroe and Lisa Visentin (15 March 2015). 3547: 3292: 3063: 3061: 3019: 1780:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 9, 2015). 1753:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 9, 2015). 1645:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (March 6, 2015). 5113: 4380: 4114: 3715:. Suva, Fiji: ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse 3622: 3598: 3596: 3574:John Weekes and Sophie Ryan (17 March 2015). 3093:. Solomon Star. 25 March 2015. Archived from 2985:"Tuvalu hit with US$ 90m cyclone damage bill" 2871: 2869: 2785:"Tuvalu surveys road damage after king tides" 2735:. Prevention Web. 15 May 2015. Archived from 2578:. British Broadcasting Company. 17 March 2015 2570: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2502: 2293: 2289: 2287: 1640: 1638: 1619:. Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from 1059:The storm later struck the remote islands of 3550:"Pam causes power outage in Chatham Islands" 3524:"Cyclone Pam: 'Never seen anything like it'" 3216: 2799: 1610: 1608: 1539: 3817:. United Nations News Centre. 27 March 2015 3710: 3058: 2696: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2237:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 021" 2079:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 016" 2052:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 015" 2025:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 013" 1971:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 009" 1944:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 007" 1890:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 005" 1836:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 003" 1782:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 002" 1755:"Tropical Cyclone 17P (Pam) Warning NR 001" 1369:The Adventist Development and Relief Agency 1258:World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction 5120: 5106: 4387: 4373: 4121: 4107: 3593: 3432: 3091:"World Vision to provide relief to Temotu" 2866: 2561: 2284: 2183:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A28" 2160:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A11" 2133:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A27" 2106:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A25" 1998:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A22" 1917:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A16" 1809:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A13" 1635: 1565: 1429:List of the most intense tropical cyclones 950:63.2 billion (US$ 600 million). 272: 49: 3280:. Scuttlebutt Sailing News. 11 March 2015 2842: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2618: 2616: 2162:. Nadi, Fiji: Fiji Meteorological Service 1728:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A9" 1701:"Tropical Disturbance Advisory Number A7" 1665: 1605: 462: 5421:Tropical cyclones in the Solomon Islands 2513:"Vanuatu – Cyclone Pam Emergency Appeal" 2450: 2395: 2362: 1334:transport plane was dispatched from the 1290: 1279: 1225: 1187:region. Power outages took place in the 1104: 848: 845: 842: 817: 788: 645: 466: 16:Category 5 South Pacific cyclone in 2015 4024: 4022: 4020: 3494: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2228: 2070: 2043: 2016: 927:Fatalities include indirect deaths also 5358: 3943: 3887: 3779:"L'assistance au Vanuatu, c'est parti" 3706: 3704: 3702: 3464: 3462: 3416:. 3News. 15 March 2015. Archived from 3408: 3406: 2924: 2833: 2710:. Vol. 58, no. 23. p. 9 2613: 2201: 2174: 2151: 2124: 2097: 1989: 1962: 1935: 1908: 1881: 1827: 1800: 1773: 165:Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone 5101: 4368: 4102: 4070:from the US Naval Research Laboratory 2787:. Radio New Zealand. 24 February 2015 2624:"63 Mataso locals evacuated to Efate" 1854: 1746: 1380:New Zealand started providing aid to 339:. It is also the second most intense 23:. For the mock hurricane exercise in 5366:2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season 4131:2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season 4017: 3995: 3969: 3192:Serafina Silaitoga (12 March 2015). 3169:Government of Fiji (11 March 2015). 2949: 2476: 2335: 1719: 1692: 1536:, Scientific American, April 6, 2020 1324:Boeing C-17 Globemaster III aircraft 1195:and 5–6 m (16–20 ft) near 793:Pam hitting Vanuatu on 13 March 2015 658:occurring as the cyclone approached 587:. The first tropical cyclone became 285:2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season 4396:Retired South Pacific cyclone names 3699: 3459: 3403: 3117:"Aid to Solomons Tikopia and Anuta" 3069:"Cyclone damage in Solomon Islands" 2999:"Cyclone damage in Solomon Islands" 1179:and 144 km/h (89 mph) in 689:Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale 407:Early in Pam's history, a damaging 367:Pam formed on 6 March, east of the 13: 5411:Tropical cyclones in New Caledonia 3977:"Aust sends cyclone aid to Tuvalu" 3391:. Radio New Zealand. 12 March 2015 3046:. Radio New Zealand. 12 March 2015 2987:. Radio New Zealand. 25 June 2015. 2821:(Report). ReliefWeb. 16 March 2015 2649:Joshua Robertson (15 March 2015). 2543:"Emergency – Cyclone Pam, Vanuatu" 2350:. Radio New Zealand. 12 March 2015 1546:Joshua Robertson (15 March 2015). 1113:A pre-cyclone alert was raised in 1027: 623:and slowly strengthened, reaching 113:Category 5 severe tropical cyclone 14: 5457: 5401:Category 5 South Pacific cyclones 4074:World Meteorological Organization 4048: 3680:Elizabeth Chuck (15 March 2015). 3629:Jessica Mendoza (14 March 2015). 3438: 3414:"Cyclone Pam reaches New Zealand" 3246:Felix Chaudhary (12 March 2015). 3138:Felix Chaudhary (11 March 2015). 2457:Johnston, Chris (14 March 2015). 803:should Pam strike the capital of 633:Australian tropical cyclone scale 5416:Tropical cyclones in New Zealand 5339: 5330: 5329: 5080: 5069: 5068: 4349: 4348: 4334: 4329: 4274: 4269: 4139: 4079:Australian Bureau of Meteorology 3927:. March 17, 2015. Archived from 3923:. Taipei, Taiwan: Focus Taiwan. 3669:. Deutsche Welle. 14 March 2015. 3548:Cate Broughton (17 March 2015). 3020:Richard Angwin (11 March 2015). 1413: 1270:Bauerfield International Airport 1100: 555: 545: 535: 347:. In addition, Pam is tied with 55:Pam nearing peak intensity over 3913: 3899:Radio New Zealand International 3865: 3847: 3829: 3807: 3789: 3771: 3753: 3727: 3673: 3659: 3641: 3567: 3541: 3515: 3381: 3359: 3347:(in French). Securite-civile.nc 3337: 3325:(in French). Securite-civile.nc 3315: 3270: 3239: 3185: 3131: 3109: 3036: 3013: 2977: 2962:Radio New Zealand International 2852:Radio New Zealand International 2777: 2751: 2725: 2697:Dave Morley (3 December 2015). 2668: 2642: 2590: 2535: 2428: 2313: 2294:Claudine Wery (17 March 2015). 2255: 5441:Retired South Pacific cyclones 4310: 4305: 4214: 4209: 4057:of Cyclone Pam from MetService 3367:"LĂ©gers DĂ©gâts sur le Caillou" 2877:"State of emergency in Tuvalu" 1527: 1159: 674:imagery revealed a primordial 230:(Costliest in Vanuatu history) 1: 5406:Tropical cyclones in Kiribati 4322: 4317: 4298: 4293: 4286: 4281: 4262: 4257: 4250: 4245: 4238: 4233: 4226: 4221: 4202: 4197: 4190: 4185: 4178: 4173: 4166: 4161: 4154: 4149: 3711:Joshua Kuku (14 March 2015). 3635:The Christian Science Monitor 1520: 459:during its weakening stages. 5436:March 2015 events in Oceania 5431:Tropical cyclones in Vanuatu 4094:Joint Typhoon Warning Center 3873:"Vital Needs Met in Vanuatu" 3499:. MetService. Archived from 3443:. MetService. Archived from 1493: â€“ a strong cyclone in 1483: â€“ a strong cyclone in 1221: 1209: 916: 911: 904: 894: 882: 870: 858: 838:Deaths by island in Vanuatu 666:quickly tightened, with the 186:280 km/h (175 mph) 134:250 km/h (155 mph) 7: 5426:Tropical cyclones in Tuvalu 5386:2015 in the Solomon Islands 4084:Fiji Meteorological Service 4032:. Relief Web. 30 March 2015 4005:. Relief Web. 22 March 2015 3389:"NZ braces for Cyclone Pam" 2937:. Fenui News. 13 March 2015 2699:"PPB on mend after cyclone" 1406: 1375: 1336:New Caledonian Armed Forces 1264:, Japan, Vanuatu President 964:. Repairs took 16 months. 761: 605:Fiji Meteorological Service 376:cyclone status on both the 294:Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam 44:Severe Tropical Cyclone Pam 10: 5462: 3140:"Cawaki warns of flooding" 2549:. ReliefWeb. 14 March 2015 1320:Royal Australian Air Force 769: 737: 33: 18: 5446:Tropical cyclones in 2015 5325: 5294: 5258: 5217: 5166: 5135: 5063: 5022: 4901: 4790: 4634: 4518: 4402: 4344: 4146: 4137: 4129:Tropical cyclones of the 3609:The Sydney Morning Herald 974: 925: 280: 268: 234: 224: 216: 211: 190: 182: 170: 163: 138: 130: 118: 111: 96: 86: 71: 64: 48: 5345:Tropical cyclones portal 1421:Tropical cyclones portal 732:extratropical transition 635:, assigning it the name 341:tropical cyclone in 2015 34:Not to be confused with 4066:27 October 2017 at the 2210:"Hurricane Warning 243" 1863:"Hurricane Warning 020" 1328:Lockheed C-130 Hercules 1071: 807:it could be worse than 617:weather forecast models 4089:New Zealand MetService 3528:The New Zealand Herald 1512:– a strong cyclone in 1361:reached Tongoa in the 1300: 1288: 1231: 1110: 823: 794: 787: 668:central dense overcast 651: 583:on either side of the 568: 463:Meteorological history 431:, the location of the 423:, particularly in the 66:Meteorological history 5376:2015 in New Caledonia 3875:. ADRA. 25 March 2015 1487:that impacted Vanuatu 1294: 1283: 1229: 1108: 821: 792: 773: 656:rapid intensification 649: 577:2014–16 El Niño event 561:Extratropical cyclone 470: 402:extratropical cyclone 382:Saffir–Simpson scales 3801:DFNS.net en Français 2547:World Food Programme 1573:"Current Conditions" 1295:Remaining debris in 1287:seafront on 14 March 1256:While attending the 680:visible light images 482:Saffir–Simpson scale 191:Lowest pressure 139:Lowest pressure 5381:2015 in New Zealand 3925:Central News Agency 3859:The Times of Israel 1580:Pacific ENSO Update 1238:, president of the 839: 756:Tropical Storm Bavi 748:South Pacific lists 691:as Pam was east of 625:tropical depression 589:Tropical Storm Bavi 573:westerly wind burst 551:Subtropical cyclone 120:10-minute sustained 45: 5302:Nisha-Orama (1983) 2628:Vanuatu Daily Post 2300:The Canberra Times 1301: 1289: 1232: 1216:Lockheed P-3 Orion 1189:Whangarei District 1111: 1050:Santa Cruz Islands 837: 824: 795: 780:Vanuatu President 684:Santa Cruz Islands 664:circulation centre 652: 641:high-pressure area 569: 425:Santa Cruz Islands 417:state of emergency 345:Hurricane Patricia 307:in the history of 228:$ 692 million 183:Highest winds 172:1-minute sustained 131:Highest winds 43: 21:Cyclone Pam (1997) 5353: 5352: 5095: 5094: 4362: 4361: 2739:on 2 October 2015 1363:Shepherds Islands 1344:Save the Children 1249:highlighted that 1244:Secretary-General 1082:Northern Division 1034:Solomon Provinces 932: 931: 928: 714:(hPa; 26.46  591:and impacted the 392:(hPa; 26.46  305:natural disasters 291: 290: 159: 5453: 5371:2015 in Kiribati 5343: 5333: 5332: 5122: 5115: 5108: 5099: 5098: 5084: 5072: 5071: 4389: 4382: 4375: 4366: 4365: 4352: 4351: 4332: 4320: 4308: 4296: 4284: 4272: 4260: 4248: 4236: 4224: 4212: 4200: 4188: 4176: 4164: 4152: 4143: 4123: 4116: 4109: 4100: 4099: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4026: 4015: 4014: 4012: 4010: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3973: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3962: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3931:on 18 March 2015 3917: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3737:. Archived from 3731: 3725: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3708: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3677: 3671: 3670: 3663: 3657: 3656: 3655:. 15 March 2015. 3645: 3639: 3638: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3600: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3503:on 16 March 2015 3492: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3466: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3447:on 31 March 2015 3441:"TC Pam Summary" 3436: 3430: 3429: 3427: 3425: 3420:on 24 March 2015 3410: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3254:. Archived from 3243: 3237: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3200:. Archived from 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3166: 3160: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3146:. Archived from 3135: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3113: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3087: 3081: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2995: 2989: 2988: 2981: 2975: 2974: 2972: 2970: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2936: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2898: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2873: 2864: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2844: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2816: 2808: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2781: 2775: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2765:on 16 March 2015 2755: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2729: 2723: 2722: 2717: 2715: 2703: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2620: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2572: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2519:. Archived from 2509: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2480: 2474: 2473: 2471: 2469: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2432: 2426: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2406: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2377: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2344: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2317: 2311: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2291: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2271: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2205: 2199: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2178: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2101: 2095: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2020: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2009: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1912: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1804: 1798: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1723: 1717: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1696: 1690: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1642: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1612: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1592: 1577: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1423: 1418: 1417: 1416: 1266:Baldwin Lonsdale 1095:Volvo Ocean Race 1086:coastal flooding 1054:West Guadalcanal 926: 840: 836: 785: 782:Baldwin Lonsdale 593:Marshall Islands 559: 558: 549: 548: 541:Tropical cyclone 539: 538: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 301:tropical cyclone 276: 220:15–16 total 207: 166: 157: 155: 114: 107: 105: 82: 80: 67: 53: 46: 42: 5461: 5460: 5456: 5455: 5454: 5452: 5451: 5450: 5396:2015 in Vanuatu 5356: 5355: 5354: 5349: 5321: 5290: 5254: 5213: 5162: 5131: 5126: 5096: 5091: 5059: 5018: 4897: 4786: 4630: 4514: 4398: 4393: 4363: 4358: 4340: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4330: 4327: 4326: 4321: 4318: 4315: 4314: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4278: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4246: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4230: 4225: 4222: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4170: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4150: 4144: 4133: 4127: 4068:Wayback Machine 4051: 4046: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4028: 4027: 4018: 4008: 4006: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3984: 3983:on 2 April 2015 3975: 3974: 3970: 3960: 3958: 3957:. 19 March 2015 3949: 3948: 3944: 3934: 3932: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3901:. 17 March 2015 3893: 3892: 3888: 3878: 3876: 3871: 3870: 3866: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3820: 3818: 3813: 3812: 3808: 3795: 3794: 3790: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3741:on 2 April 2015 3733: 3732: 3728: 3718: 3716: 3709: 3700: 3690: 3688: 3678: 3674: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3653:Financial Times 3647: 3646: 3642: 3627: 3623: 3613: 3611: 3601: 3594: 3584: 3582: 3580:Gisborne Herald 3572: 3568: 3558: 3556: 3546: 3542: 3532: 3530: 3520: 3516: 3506: 3504: 3493: 3486: 3476: 3474: 3467: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3437: 3433: 3423: 3421: 3412: 3411: 3404: 3394: 3392: 3387: 3386: 3382: 3372: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3350: 3348: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3306: 3304: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3258:on 2 April 2015 3244: 3240: 3230: 3228: 3221: 3217: 3207: 3205: 3204:on 2 April 2015 3194:"On full alert" 3190: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3167: 3163: 3153: 3151: 3150:on 2 April 2015 3136: 3132: 3122: 3120: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3100: 3098: 3097:on 2 April 2015 3089: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3067: 3066: 3059: 3049: 3047: 3042: 3041: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3018: 3014: 3004: 3002: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2968: 2966: 2965:. 15 March 2015 2955: 2954: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2912:on 2 April 2015 2900: 2899: 2892: 2882: 2880: 2875: 2874: 2867: 2857: 2855: 2854:. 18 March 2015 2846: 2845: 2834: 2824: 2822: 2814: 2810: 2809: 2800: 2790: 2788: 2783: 2782: 2778: 2768: 2766: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2742: 2740: 2731: 2730: 2726: 2713: 2711: 2701: 2695: 2691: 2681: 2679: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2659: 2657: 2647: 2643: 2633: 2631: 2622: 2621: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2595: 2591: 2581: 2579: 2574: 2573: 2562: 2552: 2550: 2541: 2540: 2536: 2526: 2524: 2523:on 3 April 2015 2511: 2510: 2503: 2493: 2491: 2490:. 14 March 2015 2482: 2481: 2477: 2467: 2465: 2455: 2451: 2441: 2439: 2434: 2433: 2429: 2419: 2417: 2408: 2407: 2396: 2386: 2384: 2379: 2378: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2346: 2345: 2336: 2326: 2324: 2319: 2318: 2314: 2304: 2302: 2292: 2285: 2275: 2273: 2272:on 1 April 2016 2269: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2246: 2244: 2233: 2229: 2219: 2217: 2206: 2202: 2192: 2190: 2179: 2175: 2165: 2163: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2140: 2129: 2125: 2115: 2113: 2102: 2098: 2088: 2086: 2075: 2071: 2061: 2059: 2048: 2044: 2034: 2032: 2021: 2017: 2007: 2005: 1994: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1967: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1940: 1936: 1926: 1924: 1913: 1909: 1899: 1897: 1886: 1882: 1872: 1870: 1859: 1855: 1845: 1843: 1832: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1805: 1801: 1791: 1789: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1751: 1747: 1737: 1735: 1724: 1720: 1710: 1708: 1697: 1693: 1683: 1681: 1670: 1666: 1656: 1654: 1643: 1636: 1626: 1624: 1613: 1606: 1596: 1594: 1593:on 4 March 2016 1590: 1575: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1556: 1554: 1544: 1540: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1501:Cyclone Winston 1419: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1378: 1305:FRANZ agreement 1224: 1212: 1204:Chatham Islands 1162: 1146:Loyalty Islands 1119:Loyalty Islands 1103: 1074: 1030: 1028:Solomon Islands 977: 786: 779: 772: 764: 740: 621:Solomon Islands 613:Solomon Islands 597:Mariana Islands 567: 566: 565: 564: 556: 553: 546: 543: 536: 533: 527: 526: 522: 521: 517: 516: 512: 511: 507: 506: 502: 501: 497: 496: 492: 491: 487: 485: 476: 472: 465: 453:water shortages 421:Solomon Islands 404:that same day. 374:Category 5 369:Solomon Islands 313:Solomon Islands 296:was the second 281: 247:Solomon Islands 229: 212:Overall effects 194: 164: 156: 142: 112: 103: 101: 78: 76: 65: 60: 39: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5459: 5449: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5391:2015 in Tuvalu 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5337: 5326: 5323: 5322: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5298: 5296: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5262: 5260: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5240:Winston (2016) 5237: 5232: 5227: 5221: 5219: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5170: 5168: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5139: 5137: 5133: 5132: 5125: 5124: 5117: 5110: 5102: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5089: 5077: 5064: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5026: 5024: 5020: 5019: 5017: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4794: 4792: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4406: 4404: 4400: 4399: 4392: 4391: 4384: 4377: 4369: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4356: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4328: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4280: 4268: 4256: 4244: 4232: 4220: 4208: 4196: 4184: 4172: 4160: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4138: 4135: 4134: 4126: 4125: 4118: 4111: 4103: 4097: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4058: 4050: 4049:External links 4047: 4044: 4043: 4016: 3994: 3968: 3955:UN News Centre 3942: 3912: 3886: 3864: 3846: 3828: 3806: 3788: 3783:Radio Cocotier 3770: 3765:polynĂ©sie 1ère 3752: 3726: 3698: 3672: 3658: 3640: 3621: 3592: 3566: 3540: 3514: 3484: 3458: 3439:Noble, Chris. 3431: 3402: 3380: 3358: 3336: 3314: 3291: 3269: 3238: 3215: 3184: 3161: 3130: 3108: 3082: 3057: 3035: 3012: 2990: 2976: 2948: 2923: 2906:The Fiji Times 2890: 2865: 2832: 2798: 2776: 2750: 2724: 2689: 2667: 2641: 2612: 2589: 2560: 2534: 2501: 2475: 2449: 2427: 2394: 2361: 2334: 2312: 2283: 2254: 2243:on 22 May 2024 2227: 2216:on 22 May 2024 2200: 2189:on 22 May 2024 2173: 2150: 2139:on 22 May 2024 2123: 2112:on 22 May 2024 2096: 2085:on 22 May 2024 2069: 2058:on 22 May 2024 2042: 2031:on 22 May 2024 2015: 2004:on 22 May 2024 1988: 1977:on 22 May 2024 1961: 1950:on 22 May 2024 1934: 1923:on 22 May 2024 1907: 1896:on 22 May 2024 1880: 1869:on 22 May 2024 1853: 1842:on 22 May 2024 1826: 1815:on 22 May 2024 1799: 1788:on 22 May 2024 1772: 1761:on 22 May 2024 1745: 1734:on 22 May 2024 1718: 1707:on 22 May 2024 1691: 1680:on 22 May 2024 1664: 1653:on 22 May 2024 1634: 1623:on 22 May 2024 1604: 1564: 1538: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1518: 1517: 1510:Cyclone Harold 1507: 1498: 1488: 1478: 1477: 1476: 1466: 1451: 1441: 1425: 1424: 1408: 1405: 1377: 1374: 1348:Typhoon Haiyan 1275:European Union 1251:climate change 1223: 1220: 1211: 1208: 1161: 1158: 1102: 1099: 1091:Yasawa Islands 1073: 1070: 1029: 1026: 976: 973: 930: 929: 923: 922: 920: 915: 909: 908: 906: 903: 899: 898: 896: 893: 887: 886: 884: 881: 875: 874: 872: 869: 863: 862: 860: 857: 851: 850: 847: 844: 777: 771: 768: 763: 760: 739: 736: 643:to its north. 554: 544: 534: 529: 528: 486: 479: 478: 477: 474: 473: 464: 461: 415:, prompting a 343:, only behind 289: 288: 278: 277: 266: 265: 236: 235:Areas affected 232: 231: 226: 222: 221: 218: 214: 213: 209: 208: 203:); 26.90  192: 188: 187: 184: 180: 179: 168: 167: 161: 160: 151:); 26.46  140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 116: 115: 109: 108: 98: 94: 93: 90: 84: 83: 73: 69: 68: 62: 61: 54: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5458: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5363: 5361: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5336: 5328: 5327: 5324: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295:Other systems 5293: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:Harold (2020) 5264: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5216: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5165: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5123: 5118: 5116: 5111: 5109: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5078: 5076: 5075: 5066: 5065: 5062: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5021: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4900: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4390: 4385: 4383: 4378: 4376: 4371: 4370: 4367: 4355: 4347: 4346: 4343: 4337: 4325: 4313: 4301: 4289: 4277: 4265: 4253: 4241: 4229: 4217: 4205: 4193: 4181: 4169: 4157: 4142: 4136: 4132: 4124: 4119: 4117: 4112: 4110: 4105: 4104: 4101: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4031: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4004: 3998: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3956: 3952: 3946: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3916: 3900: 3896: 3890: 3874: 3868: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3842: 3838: 3832: 3816: 3810: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3784: 3780: 3774: 3766: 3762: 3756: 3740: 3736: 3730: 3714: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3687: 3683: 3676: 3668: 3662: 3654: 3650: 3644: 3636: 3632: 3625: 3610: 3606: 3599: 3597: 3581: 3577: 3570: 3555: 3551: 3544: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3502: 3498: 3495:Singh, Bill. 3491: 3489: 3473:. stuff.co.nz 3472: 3465: 3463: 3446: 3442: 3435: 3419: 3415: 3409: 3407: 3390: 3384: 3368: 3362: 3346: 3340: 3324: 3318: 3302: 3295: 3279: 3273: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3242: 3226: 3219: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3188: 3172: 3165: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3134: 3118: 3112: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3070: 3064: 3062: 3045: 3039: 3023: 3016: 3000: 2994: 2986: 2980: 2964: 2963: 2958: 2952: 2933: 2927: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2897: 2895: 2878: 2872: 2870: 2853: 2849: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2820: 2813: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2786: 2780: 2764: 2760: 2754: 2738: 2734: 2728: 2721: 2709: 2708: 2700: 2693: 2677: 2671: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2629: 2625: 2619: 2617: 2600: 2593: 2577: 2571: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2548: 2544: 2538: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2508: 2506: 2489: 2488:The Telegraph 2485: 2479: 2464: 2460: 2453: 2437: 2431: 2415: 2411: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2382: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2349: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2322: 2316: 2301: 2297: 2290: 2288: 2268: 2264: 2258: 2242: 2238: 2231: 2215: 2211: 2204: 2188: 2184: 2177: 2161: 2154: 2138: 2134: 2127: 2111: 2107: 2100: 2084: 2080: 2073: 2057: 2053: 2046: 2030: 2026: 2019: 2003: 1999: 1992: 1976: 1972: 1965: 1949: 1945: 1938: 1922: 1918: 1911: 1895: 1891: 1884: 1868: 1864: 1857: 1841: 1837: 1830: 1814: 1810: 1803: 1787: 1783: 1776: 1760: 1756: 1749: 1733: 1729: 1722: 1706: 1702: 1695: 1679: 1675: 1668: 1652: 1648: 1641: 1639: 1622: 1618: 1611: 1609: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1574: 1568: 1553: 1549: 1542: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1515: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1444:Cyclone Percy 1442: 1439: 1435: 1432: 1431: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1411: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1373: 1370: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1357:On 24 March, 1355: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1314:to sail from 1313: 1312: 1306: 1298: 1293: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1228: 1219: 1217: 1207: 1205: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1123:Isle of Pines 1120: 1116: 1115:New Caledonia 1107: 1101:New Caledonia 1098: 1096: 1092: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1025: 1023: 1022:Enele Sopoaga 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 972: 970: 967:According to 965: 963: 959: 954: 951: 949: 945: 941: 937: 924: 921: 919: 914: 910: 907: 901: 900: 897: 892: 889: 888: 885: 880: 877: 876: 873: 868: 865: 864: 861: 856: 853: 852: 841: 835: 833: 829: 826:According to 820: 816: 812: 810: 806: 801: 791: 783: 776: 767: 759: 757: 753: 749: 745: 735: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 696: 694: 690: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 648: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 562: 552: 542: 532: 484: 483: 469: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 405: 403: 399: 398:transitioning 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 370: 365: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 299: 295: 287: 286: 279: 275: 271: 267: 264: 260: 259:New Caledonia 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 237: 233: 227: 223: 219: 215: 210: 206: 202: 198: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 162: 154: 150: 146: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 110: 104:20 March 2015 100:20 March 2015 99: 95: 92:15 March 2015 91: 89: 88:Extratropical 85: 74: 70: 63: 59:, on 13 March 58: 52: 47: 41: 37: 30: 29:Hurricane Pam 26: 22: 5312:Veena (1983) 5307:Oscar (1983) 5281:Kevin (2023) 5276:Niran (2021) 5245:Donna (2017) 5234: 5209:Percy (2005) 5199:Meena (2005) 5189:Erica (2003) 5158:Susan (1998) 5079: 5067: 4968: 4263: 4055:All the news 4034:. Retrieved 4007:. Retrieved 3997: 3985:. Retrieved 3981:the original 3971: 3959:. Retrieved 3954: 3945: 3933:. Retrieved 3929:the original 3915: 3903:. Retrieved 3898: 3889: 3877:. Retrieved 3867: 3858: 3849: 3840: 3831: 3819:. Retrieved 3809: 3800: 3791: 3782: 3773: 3764: 3755: 3743:. Retrieved 3739:the original 3729: 3717:. Retrieved 3689:. Retrieved 3685: 3675: 3661: 3652: 3643: 3634: 3624: 3612:. Retrieved 3608: 3583:. Retrieved 3579: 3569: 3557:. Retrieved 3553: 3543: 3531:. Retrieved 3527: 3517: 3505:. Retrieved 3501:the original 3475:. Retrieved 3449:. Retrieved 3445:the original 3434: 3422:. Retrieved 3418:the original 3393:. Retrieved 3383: 3371:. Retrieved 3361: 3349:. Retrieved 3339: 3327:. Retrieved 3317: 3305:. Retrieved 3294: 3282:. Retrieved 3272: 3260:. Retrieved 3256:the original 3251: 3241: 3229:. Retrieved 3218: 3206:. Retrieved 3202:the original 3197: 3187: 3175:. Retrieved 3164: 3152:. Retrieved 3148:the original 3143: 3133: 3121:. Retrieved 3111: 3099:. Retrieved 3095:the original 3085: 3073:. Retrieved 3048:. Retrieved 3038: 3026:. Retrieved 3024:. Al Jazeera 3015: 3003:. Retrieved 2993: 2979: 2967:. Retrieved 2960: 2951: 2939:. Retrieved 2926: 2914:. Retrieved 2910:the original 2905: 2881:. Retrieved 2856:. Retrieved 2851: 2823:. Retrieved 2818: 2789:. Retrieved 2779: 2767:. Retrieved 2763:the original 2753: 2741:. Retrieved 2737:the original 2727: 2719: 2712:. Retrieved 2705: 2692: 2680:. Retrieved 2670: 2658:. Retrieved 2655:The Guardian 2654: 2644: 2632:. Retrieved 2627: 2603:. Retrieved 2592: 2580:. Retrieved 2551:. Retrieved 2546: 2537: 2525:. Retrieved 2521:the original 2516: 2492:. Retrieved 2487: 2478: 2466:. Retrieved 2463:The Guardian 2462: 2452: 2440:. Retrieved 2430: 2418:. Retrieved 2413: 2385:. Retrieved 2352:. Retrieved 2325:. Retrieved 2315: 2303:. Retrieved 2299: 2274:. Retrieved 2267:the original 2257: 2245:. Retrieved 2241:the original 2230: 2218:. Retrieved 2214:the original 2203: 2191:. Retrieved 2187:the original 2176: 2164:. Retrieved 2153: 2141:. Retrieved 2137:the original 2126: 2114:. Retrieved 2110:the original 2099: 2087:. Retrieved 2083:the original 2072: 2060:. Retrieved 2056:the original 2045: 2033:. Retrieved 2029:the original 2018: 2006:. Retrieved 2002:the original 1991: 1979:. Retrieved 1975:the original 1964: 1952:. Retrieved 1948:the original 1937: 1925:. Retrieved 1921:the original 1910: 1898:. Retrieved 1894:the original 1883: 1871:. Retrieved 1867:the original 1856: 1844:. Retrieved 1840:the original 1829: 1817:. Retrieved 1813:the original 1802: 1790:. Retrieved 1786:the original 1775: 1763:. Retrieved 1759:the original 1748: 1736:. Retrieved 1732:the original 1721: 1709:. Retrieved 1705:the original 1694: 1682:. Retrieved 1678:the original 1667: 1655:. Retrieved 1651:the original 1625:. Retrieved 1621:the original 1595:. Retrieved 1588:the original 1583: 1579: 1567: 1555:. Retrieved 1552:The Guardian 1551: 1541: 1529: 1491:Cyclone Fran 1469:Cyclone Yasa 1401: 1397: 1385:81,873  1379: 1367: 1356: 1341: 1310: 1302: 1255: 1236:Jim Yong Kim 1233: 1213: 1201: 1174: 1170:Cyclone Bola 1166:North Island 1163: 1135: 1121:and for the 1112: 1075: 1058: 1042:Makira-Ulawa 1031: 978: 966: 957: 955: 952: 933: 917: 912: 825: 813: 796: 774: 765: 741: 697: 653: 636: 570: 530: 480: 457:North Island 406: 366: 298:most intense 293: 292: 283: 282:Part of the 171: 119: 79:6 March 2015 75:6 March 2015 40: 5317:Anne (1987) 5286:Lola (2023) 5271:Yasa (2020) 5250:Gita (2018) 5225:Ului (2010) 5204:Olaf (2005) 5194:Heta (2004) 5184:Dovi (2003) 5179:Beni (2003) 5148:Fran (1992) 5143:Hina (1985) 3554:Stuff.co.nz 3303:. ReliefWeb 3227:. ReliefWeb 3173:. ReliefWeb 2941:17 November 1481:Cyclone Atu 1434:Cyclone Zoe 1352:Moso Island 1311:VendĂ©miaire 1247:Ban Ki-moon 1160:New Zealand 962:Moso Island 846:Fatalities 809:Cyclone Uma 752:trade winds 720:Cyclone Zoe 601:Philippines 443:islands of 435:capital of 409:storm surge 263:New Zealand 36:Cyclone Lam 25:New Orleans 5360:Categories 5235:Pam (2015) 5230:Ian (2014) 5174:Zoe (2003) 5153:Ron (1998) 3252:Fiji Times 3198:Fiji Times 3144:Fiji Times 2438:. BBC News 1521:References 1240:World Bank 1197:Tolaga Bay 1013:Nukulaelae 981:king tides 728:MetService 531:Storm type 439:; and the 433:Ni-Vanuatu 378:Australian 217:Fatalities 97:Dissipated 5136:Pre-2000s 2714:12 August 2707:Navy News 2682:2 January 2517:Unicef NZ 1453:Cyclones 1339:10 days. 1285:Port Vila 1210:Aftermath 1181:Hicks Bay 1140:and 8 on 1009:Nukufetau 997:Nanumanga 936:Erromango 805:Port Vila 754:and with 746:from the 672:microwave 629:rainbands 445:Erromango 437:Port Vila 411:impacted 5335:Category 5074:Category 4435:Carlotta 4420:Vivienne 4354:Category 4064:Archived 4036:30 March 4009:25 March 3987:22 March 3961:22 March 3935:17 March 3905:17 March 3821:30 March 3745:17 March 3719:15 March 3691:15 March 3686:NBC News 3614:15 March 3585:17 March 3559:17 March 3533:16 March 3507:16 March 3477:15 March 3451:20 March 3424:15 March 3395:15 March 3373:17 March 3351:14 March 3329:14 March 3307:15 March 3284:12 March 3262:12 March 3231:15 March 3208:12 March 3177:15 March 3154:12 March 3123:29 March 3101:29 March 3075:29 March 3050:12 March 3028:12 March 3005:15 March 2969:15 March 2916:17 March 2883:15 March 2858:18 March 2825:17 March 2791:17 March 2769:23 March 2660:15 March 2634:31 March 2605:15 March 2582:17 March 2553:15 March 2527:16 March 2494:14 March 2468:14 March 2442:14 March 2420:22 March 2414:ABC News 2387:31 March 2354:12 March 2327:12 March 2305:17 March 2276:18 March 2247:15 March 2220:15 March 2193:15 March 2166:15 March 2143:15 March 2116:15 March 2089:15 March 2062:15 March 2035:15 March 2008:15 March 1981:13 March 1954:13 March 1927:13 March 1900:13 March 1873:13 March 1846:13 March 1819:13 March 1792:13 March 1765:13 March 1738:13 March 1711:13 March 1684:13 March 1657:13 March 1627:13 March 1597:27 March 1557:15 March 1407:See also 1332:CASA-235 1309:frigate 1214:An RAAF 1193:Tutukaka 1185:Gisborne 902:Unknown 778:—  762:Kiribati 581:Kiribati 525:Unknown 400:into an 323:, after 321:pressure 243:Kiribati 4979:Winston 4707:William 4485:Charles 4061:17P.PAM 3841:GxMSDev 1359:IsraAid 1322:(RAAF) 1297:Vanuatu 1222:Vanuatu 1065:Tikopia 1038:Malaita 1017:Vaitupu 993:Nanumea 843:Island 770:Vanuatu 744:retired 738:Effects 700:Vanuatu 660:Vanuatu 611:in the 609:Honiara 585:equator 475:Map key 386:Vanuatu 361:Fantala 325:Winston 309:Vanuatu 270:IBTrACS 255:Vanuatu 102: ( 77: ( 57:Vanuatu 5086:Portal 4762:Ursula 4737:Martin 4536:Tahmar 4505:Gordon 4475:Robert 4470:Marion 4465:Alison 4440:Lottie 4425:Agatha 4336:Raquel 4276:Reuben 3879:9 July 2743:2 July 1382:Tuvalu 1376:Tuvalu 1316:NoumĂ©a 1262:Sendai 1046:Temotu 1044:, and 1015:, and 1001:Niutao 989:atolls 987:. The 985:Tuvalu 975:Tuvalu 969:UNESCO 958:Tukoro 944:Tongoa 879:Mataso 867:Lelepa 828:UNICEF 693:Penama 595:, the 523:  518:  513:  508:  503:  498:  493:  488:  413:Tuvalu 357:Marcus 353:Monica 317:Tuvalu 251:Tuvalu 225:Damage 72:Formed 27:, see 5259:2020s 5218:2010s 5167:2000s 5055:Kevin 5023:2020s 5014:Sarai 4999:Josie 4989:Donna 4954:Freda 4934:Wilma 4929:Vania 4919:Tomas 4902:2010s 4878:Daman 4873:Cliff 4868:Percy 4858:Nancy 4853:Meena 4838:Cilla 4813:Trina 4803:Paula 4791:2000s 4782:Frank 4752:Susan 4722:Gavin 4717:Drena 4697:Prema 4672:Betsy 4635:1990s 4621:Harry 4596:Sally 4571:Veena 4566:Oscar 4546:Isaac 4531:Eddie 4526:Wally 4519:1980s 4490:Diana 4460:Flora 4445:David 4415:Wendy 4410:Rosie 4403:1970s 2935:(PDF) 2815:(PDF) 2702:(PDF) 2601:. CNN 2270:(PDF) 1591:(PDF) 1576:(PDF) 1459:Susan 1154:Lifou 1142:Lifou 1131:Lifou 1061:Anuta 940:Tanna 918:15–16 913:Total 891:Tanna 855:Efate 849:Ref. 708:Tafea 704:Efate 449:Tanna 441:Tafea 429:Efate 349:Orson 176:SSHWS 5050:Judy 5045:Cody 5035:Yasa 5030:Tino 5009:Pola 5004:Keni 4994:Gita 4984:Cook 4964:Lusi 4949:Evan 4939:Yasi 4924:Ului 4893:Mick 4888:Gene 4883:Funa 4863:Olaf 4843:Heta 4833:Beni 4818:Waka 4808:Sose 4777:Dani 4772:Cora 4767:Veli 4742:Osea 4732:Keli 4727:Hina 4712:Beti 4702:Rewa 4692:Kina 4687:Joni 4682:Fran 4677:Esau 4667:Wasa 4652:Sina 4647:Peni 4626:Lili 4616:Bola 4611:Anne 4601:Tusi 4591:Raja 4586:Namu 4576:Eric 4561:Mark 4556:Lisa 4551:Joti 4541:Gyan 4510:Meli 4455:Tina 4450:Elsa 4430:Bebe 4312:Solo 4216:Niko 4038:2015 4011:2015 3989:2015 3963:2015 3937:2015 3907:2015 3881:2022 3823:2015 3747:2015 3721:2015 3693:2015 3616:2015 3587:2015 3561:2015 3535:2015 3509:2015 3479:2015 3453:2015 3426:2015 3397:2015 3375:2015 3353:2015 3331:2015 3309:2015 3286:2015 3264:2015 3233:2015 3210:2015 3179:2015 3156:2015 3125:2015 3103:2015 3077:2015 3052:2015 3030:2015 3007:2015 2971:2015 2943:2018 2918:2015 2885:2015 2860:2015 2827:2015 2793:2015 2771:2015 2745:2015 2716:2018 2684:2019 2662:2015 2636:2015 2607:2015 2584:2015 2555:2015 2529:2015 2496:2015 2470:2015 2444:2015 2422:2015 2389:2015 2356:2015 2329:2015 2307:2015 2278:2016 2249:2015 2222:2015 2195:2015 2168:2015 2145:2015 2118:2015 2091:2015 2064:2015 2037:2015 2010:2015 1983:2015 1956:2015 1929:2015 1902:2015 1875:2015 1848:2015 1821:2015 1794:2015 1767:2015 1740:2015 1713:2015 1686:2015 1659:2015 1629:2015 1599:2019 1559:2015 1514:2020 1505:2016 1495:1992 1485:2011 1473:2020 1463:1998 1457:and 1448:2005 1438:2002 1326:. A 1177:Kaeo 1152:and 1150:MarĂ© 1138:MarĂ© 1129:and 1127:MarĂ© 1078:Fiji 1072:Fiji 1063:and 956:The 938:and 905:0–1 724:2002 716:inHg 712:mbar 599:and 447:and 394:inHg 390:mbar 380:and 359:and 337:2002 331:and 329:2016 239:Fiji 205:inHg 201:mbar 195:911 153:inHg 149:mbar 143:896 5040:Ana 4974:Ula 4969:Pam 4959:Ian 4944:Atu 4914:Pat 4909:Oli 4848:Ivy 4828:Ami 4823:Zoe 4798:Kim 4757:Tui 4747:Ron 4662:Val 4657:Tia 4642:Ofa 4606:Uma 4581:Ima 4500:Fay 4495:Hal 4480:Bob 4324:16F 4300:14F 4288:13F 4264:Pam 4252:10F 4240:Ola 4228:08F 4204:05F 4192:04F 4180:03F 4168:02F 4156:01F 1471:in 1461:in 1455:Ron 1446:in 1436:in 1392:Nui 1387:CHF 1260:in 1036:of 1005:Nui 991:of 722:in 676:eye 637:Pam 335:of 333:Zoe 327:of 197:hPa 145:hPa 124:FMS 5362:: 4319:TD 4295:TD 4283:DI 4247:DI 4223:DI 4199:TD 4187:TD 4175:TD 4163:DI 4151:TD 4019:^ 3953:. 3897:. 3857:. 3839:. 3799:. 3781:. 3763:. 3701:^ 3684:. 3651:. 3633:. 3607:. 3595:^ 3578:. 3552:. 3526:. 3487:^ 3461:^ 3405:^ 3250:. 3196:. 3142:. 3060:^ 2959:. 2904:. 2893:^ 2868:^ 2850:. 2835:^ 2817:. 2801:^ 2718:. 2704:. 2653:. 2626:. 2615:^ 2563:^ 2545:. 2515:. 2504:^ 2486:. 2461:. 2412:. 2397:^ 2364:^ 2337:^ 2298:. 2286:^ 1637:^ 1607:^ 1584:21 1582:. 1578:. 1550:. 1056:. 1040:, 1011:, 1007:, 1003:, 999:, 995:, 948:VT 895:5 883:2 871:1 859:7 784:, 695:. 355:, 351:, 315:, 261:, 257:, 253:, 249:, 245:, 241:, 5121:e 5114:t 5107:v 4388:e 4381:t 4374:v 4331:1 4307:2 4271:1 4259:5 4235:3 4211:2 4122:e 4115:t 4108:v 4040:. 4013:. 3991:. 3965:. 3939:. 3909:. 3883:. 3861:. 3843:. 3825:. 3803:. 3785:. 3767:. 3749:. 3723:. 3695:. 3637:. 3618:. 3589:. 3563:. 3537:. 3511:. 3481:. 3455:. 3428:. 3399:. 3377:. 3355:. 3333:. 3311:. 3288:. 3266:. 3235:. 3212:. 3181:. 3158:. 3127:. 3105:. 3079:. 3054:. 3032:. 3009:. 2973:. 2945:. 2920:. 2887:. 2862:. 2829:. 2795:. 2773:. 2747:. 2686:. 2664:. 2638:. 2609:. 2586:. 2557:. 2531:. 2498:. 2472:. 2446:. 2424:. 2391:. 2358:. 2331:. 2309:. 2280:. 2251:. 2224:. 2197:. 2170:. 2147:. 2120:. 2093:. 2066:. 2039:. 2012:. 1985:. 1958:. 1931:. 1904:. 1877:. 1850:. 1823:. 1796:. 1769:. 1742:. 1715:. 1688:. 1661:. 1631:. 1601:. 1561:. 199:( 178:) 174:( 147:( 126:) 122:( 106:) 81:) 38:. 31:.

Index

Cyclone Pam (1997)
New Orleans
Hurricane Pam
Cyclone Lam

Vanuatu
Extratropical
FMS
hPa
mbar
inHg
SSHWS
hPa
mbar
inHg
Fiji
Kiribati
Solomon Islands
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
New Caledonia
New Zealand
IBTrACS
Edit this at Wikidata
2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season
most intense
tropical cyclone
natural disasters
Vanuatu
Solomon Islands

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑