582:
40:
511:
292:
56:
453:
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who were considered less ardent Nazis and allowed to leave the camp to undertake work in the local community. Compounds had access to facilities including shower blocks, classrooms, a library and a place of worship. Inmates at the camp organised a choir and orchestra. A re-education program taught various classes, with the most popular being
English. Some prisoners were allowed to work outside of the camp in sectors including construction and forestry.
2060:
63:
436:, Penrith) would be considered traitors and punished as such. Compound B was identified as especially problematic. Cultybraggan correspondingly earned the nicknames "Nazi 2" and the "Black Camp of the North". Following the murder of Rosterg, many "black" prisoners were transferred to other camps such as
327:
each, designated with the letters A to D. While prisoners were accommodated initially with disregard to categorization, this was changed after a murder on site. Compounds A and B subsequently housed "black" category prisoners, whereas compounds C and D housed "grey" and "white" category prisoners,
684:
A 2017 study on the impacts of
Cultybraggan as a community-owned site found varying opinions of the camp. Whilst many interviewees had positive opinions of Cultybraggan, and all had some form of connection to it, some expressed unease over the camp given its history with Nazi prisoners. The study
680:
of £384,000 from the sale of his house and possessions to Comrie for the “kindness and generosity” he received whilst imprisoned in
Cultybraggan. The bequest was given to the Comrie Development Trust to be managed, with Steinmeyer specifying it should be used to support elderly residents of the
431:
Due to the large amount of "black" prisoners housed in
Cultybraggan, some areas of the camp contained groups of hardline Nazis who were openly hostile towards guards and "white" category prisoners. These groups continually monitored others for disloyalty to the Nazi regime - in one instance
558:
centre. The threat from the Cold War receded soon after the completion of the bunker, rendering these structures obsolete. The monitoring post was closed by 1992 following the disbandment of the ROC. The bunker remained largely unused and was eventually given to the
Ministry of Defence.
311:
for
Italian prisoners of war, before later being assigned as a transit and then base camp for German PoWs. The camp had a maximum capacity of 4,500 prisoners. A nearby camp designated 21A was located in Cowden, Comrie, which could hold up to 500 overflow prisoners from Cultybraggan.
676:. As a member of the SS, he was automatically classified as a "black" prisoner despite him maintaining that he had anti-Nazi views. Steinmeyer was subsequently sent to Cultybraggan, before being moved to Watten in June 1945. Following his death in 2014, Steinmeyer left a
640:
The RGHQ bunker was sold by the Comrie
Development Trust, with funds from the sale used to settle loans taken out for the purchase of the camp. In 2012, the communications firm GCI Communications agreed to purchase the bunker as a "high-security
1943:
1266:
1470:
487:
took ownership of
Cultybraggan in 1950, under its leadership a large proportion of the original Nissen huts on the western side of the camp were demolished in the 1970s to make way for a 25-metre
534:
in the late 1980s. Construction of the bunker was completed in 1990 in the north-east of the camp, at a cost of £30 million. The structure was built over two floors – the upper floor hosted an
758:
2001:
1775:
1398:
1636:
315:
Cultybraggan was one of two maximum-security PoW camps in
Britain, having a large quantity of "black" or "category C" prisoners - those who were considered to be the most committed
694:
1696:
304:
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464:. Some prisoners opted to stay in Comrie as a result of relationships with local women developed during the war. By 1948, Cultybraggan was being used as a training camp by the
1732:
1933:
1908:
1840:
351:, including one tunnel originating from compound A that went past the camp's perimeter and another originating from the shower block of compound B. A 2017 excavation by the
1256:
1233:
363:
which would have destroyed any tunnel remains. It also found that the soil composition around
Cultybraggan would have significantly hindered any attempts at tunnelling.
1129:
283:
including bread, ale, and fish sent from Stirling. The land for Cultybraggan Camp was owned by Cultybraggan Farm prior to its acquisition by the British Army in 1941.
1603:
2106:
2101:
570:
describes Cultybraggan as "one of the three best preserved purpose-built WWII prisoner of war camps in Britain". In 2006, a number of structures at the camp were
2091:
323:
on special railway trains, and were subsequently marched through the village towards Cultybraggan. The camp was divided into four sections of approximately 100
986:
343:, and thus would be an effective deterrent to misbehaviour. In one incident, a guard shot a prisoner in the head for allegedly getting too close to the camp's
1460:
661:, having broken in through a farm. The bunker was eventually sold at an auction in April 2014 to the company Bogons, who intended to use it as a long-term
264:
considers Cultybraggan to be "one of the three best preserved purpose-built WWII prisoner of war camps in Britain", with many of the camp's huts having
1196:
89:
924:
748:
2116:
1991:
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55:
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also noted that the Comrie Development Trust was struggling to make a profit at the time and had some opposition within the local community.
1383:
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1807:
1626:
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on businesses to encourage them to stay in Cultybraggan and take care of the huts they are located in. Cultybraggan has been used to host
421:
1686:
1529:
1428:
1722:
601:
have also been built. The trust has received funding for the redevelopment of Nissen huts within the camp, from sources such as the
2111:
1898:
1830:
1052:"Comrie, Cultybraggan Former Cadet Camp, Huts 19 and 20 (Guard's Block) and 44, 45, 46 (Category A Listed Building) (LB50471)"
589:
The military stopped using Cultybraggan in 2004, and it was sold for ÂŁ350,000 to the Comrie Development Trust in 2007 through a
2096:
1222:
280:
1119:
1934:"Nazi prisoner of war leaves ÂŁ400,000 to Scots village after residents showed 'kindness and generosity' while in captivity"
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484:
245:
649:. Following a breakdown in negotiations, the sale was unsuccessful and the bunker was placed back on the market. In 2013,
396:
of their plot to the British and had been taken to Cultybraggan to spy on them. Rosterg was accused by a group of PoWs of
897:"'For you, the war is over? Not a chance!' Captivity and escape at Cultybraggan prisoner of war camp, Comrie, Perthshire"
2064:
389:
1974:
1667:
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Wolfgang Rosterg on its premises. Rosterg was a prisoner of war with known anti-Nazi views who openly spoke against
658:
460:
Cultybraggan ceased operations as a PoW camp by May 1947 following the departure of its last prisoners to be
590:
336:
253:
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from the bunker and caused ÂŁ100,000 worth of damage in the process. The thieves were not spotted by the camp's
602:
495:. Many huts were repurposed to serve the needs of the training camp, including the conversions of Hut 19 to an
339:
by 1944. It was believed that the Polish would be less lenient towards the German prisoners as a result of the
2086:
1047:
465:
581:
39:
720:
510:
468:, with a capacity of 650-700 people. The camp hosted numerous units from across Britain including the 4th
543:
527:
526:(ROC) monitoring post began in August 1960. Cultybraggan was selected as the location for a subterranean
249:
437:
1257:"Writer unravels mystery of Nazi's death behind the wire in little known Scottish prisoner of war camp"
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291:
896:
320:
205:
30:
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British guards were originally responsible for the security of the camp, but had been replaced with
630:
1862:
1497:
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and communication facilities; the lower floor consisted of accommodation, catering facilities and
417:
2023:
1797:
1351:
1077:
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and turning the tide of the war. The conspirators incorrectly believed that Rosterg had been an
307:. Cultybraggan was designated as prisoner of war camp 21. Initially, Cultybraggan was used as a
626:
578:
as being of national significance, while huts 1–3, 21, 29–39, and 47–57 are category B listed.
469:
1992:"Former Nazi storm trooper donates life savings to Scottish village where he was held captive"
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2070:
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452:
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announcing that those who volunteered to go to a new camp of anti-Nazi prisoners (camp 13 in
352:
231:
1461:"Cultybraggan Camp, Scottish Office, National Civil And Military Command And Control Centre"
1938:
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473:
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381:
242:
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and Nazism. He was sent to Cultybraggan by accident along with conspirators of the failed
265:
8:
1996:
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300:
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177:
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to the Comrie Development Trust, who have overseen the conversion of some of the camp's
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1970:
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came to Cultybraggan in September 1532 to hunt deer. Records survive of the
213:
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and held many prisoners classified by British authorities as the most committed
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409:
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230:
Wolfgang Rosterg at the hands of other prisoners, with five later executed at
2080:
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920:
856:
831:"Asset, burden, Cultybraggan. Community site ownership in a Scottish village"
646:
104:
91:
522:, new structures were built at Cultybraggan. Construction of an underground
347:. There are various accounts of attempted escapes from Cultybraggan through
1835:
1727:
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535:
480:. Troops often took part in activities on hills to the south of the camp.
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377:
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217:
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308:
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was unable to find evidence of tunnels, partially due to the post-WWII
324:
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209:
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1424:"Cold War Scotland | NCAP - National Collection of Aerial Photography"
299:
The camp was built in May–October 1941 by members of 249 Company
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For FĂĽhrer and Fatherland: SS Murder and Mayhem in Wartime Britain
507:. By 2004, approximately 80 Nissen huts remained in Cultybraggan.
622:
610:
594:
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397:
16:
Scottish former military facility, now a community property asset
1757:"Former PoW camp which held Nazis renovated into Airbnb complex"
1046:
695:
List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the United Kingdom
444:. This initiative successfully reduced tension within the camp.
2059:
1120:"WATCH: Cultybraggan: The story of Scotland's prisoners of war"
715:
Excerpta e libris domicilii Domini Jacobi Quinti regis Scotorum
654:
634:
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531:
500:
385:
348:
332:
316:
221:
1687:"ÂŁ4,000-worth of ex-WWII PoW camp huts sold as holiday homes"
1151:
Campbell, Valerie (2017). "2: The re-education programme".
673:
504:
433:
1384:"The 4th Royal Norfolk at Winter Warfare Camp in Scotland"
1078:"Cultybraggan prisoner of war camp march to be re-enacted"
1798:"Former Perthshire PoW camp transformed into art gallery"
260:
into accommodation and locations for business ventures.
319:
and likely to cause trouble. Prisoners were brought to
1530:"Scotland's hidden wonders: Scotland's Secret Bunker"
428:
were hanged, and the last mass-execution in Britain.
408:
in Hut 4 of Compound B. Six PoWs were convicted in a
380:, an attempt at staging the mass escape of PoWs from
1594:"PHOTOS: This Bakery Used to House Prisoners-of-War"
224:. The camp became notorious following the murder of
1498:"Tech firm Bogons buys Cultybraggan nuclear bunker"
2024:"German PoW leaves ÂŁ384,000 to Perthshire village"
1755:
977:"Cultybraggan Prisoner Of War Camp, Guard's Block"
1831:"Camp that held Hitler's deputy open to visitors"
1723:"Scots Nazi PoW camp could become holiday hostel"
1391:Castle: The Journal of the Royal Anglian Regiment
542:units. Upon the bunker's completion, it replaced
366:Cultybraggan gained notoriety after the death of
2107:Category B listed buildings in Perth and Kinross
2102:Category A listed buildings in Perth and Kinross
2078:
1754:Jenkins, Carla; Hunter, Elizabeth (7 May 2024).
749:"A history of Cultybraggan: Scotland's POW camp"
1863:"Lincoln firm buys Cultybraggan nuclear bunker"
835:Journal of Community Archaeology & Heritage
2092:World War II prisoner-of-war camps in Scotland
717:(Edinburgh, 1836), pp. 230-231, appendix p. 32
609:. Huts have been converted into self-catering
412:for his murder, one of which was sentenced to
1899:"Trust 'sickened' by nuclear bunker break-in"
1753:
829:Thomas, Suzie; Banks, Iain (2 January 2019).
420:. This was the largest mass execution in the
252:bunker. The site has since been sold under a
212:, Scotland. Built in 1941, it was one of two
828:
613:, including rental accommodation hosted on
514:Entrance to the RGHQ bunker within the camp
204:(PoW) camp located close to the village of
1627:"Nazi PoW leaves his fortune to villagers"
1287:
456:Hut 65, which was converted to a mess hall
1429:National Collection of Aerial Photography
1117:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
846:
633:. The former guard house was opened as a
550:, the bunker would have been used by the
62:
1964:
1657:
1563:
1316:
1150:
1010:
945:
784:
668:Heinrich Steinmeyer was a member of the
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451:
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305:Jewish refugees from Germany and Austria
290:
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1029:
2117:Nuclear bunkers in the United Kingdom
1989:
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518:As part of Britain's response to the
2036:from the original on 17 January 2023
2004:from the original on 2 December 2016
1969:. Whittles Publishing. p. 109.
1624:
1568:. Whittles Publishing. p. 142.
1118:McEachern, Megan (27 October 2018).
971:
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585:Community allotments at Cultybraggan
562:
1923:
1887:
1711:
1676:
1592:Rymajdo, Kamila (7 February 2018).
1582:
1554:
1436:from the original on 10 August 2022
1321:. Whittles Publishing. p. 11.
1065:
1015:. Whittles Publishing. p. 12.
672:who was captured in August 1944 at
546:at RAF Troywood. In the event of a
286:
13:
1946:from the original on 11 April 2021
1875:from the original on 29 April 2023
1721:Cameron, Courtney (10 June 2015).
1662:. Whittles Publishing. p. 3.
1485:
1448:
1335:
1211:
1169:
1102:
1001:
950:. Whittles Publishing. p. 2.
939:
789:. Whittles Publishing. p. 3.
773:
303:, which was composed primarily of
14:
2128:
2052:
1990:Cramb, Auslan (2 December 2016).
1255:Bryce, Tracey (21 October 2018).
1185:McKie, David (23 December 2004).
964:
863:
803:
726:
629:and in 2014 an exhibition by the
404:. He was subsequently beaten and
75:Location within Perth and Kinross
2058:
597:was opened in 2010 and a set of
528:Regional Government Headquarters
250:Regional Government Headquarters
61:
54:
38:
2112:1941 establishments in Scotland
2016:
1983:
1958:
1911:from the original on 2 May 2023
1897:Mackay, Mark (29 August 2013).
1855:
1843:from the original on 3 May 2024
1822:
1810:from the original on 8 May 2024
1790:
1778:from the original on 7 May 2024
1747:
1735:from the original on 7 May 2024
1699:from the original on 7 May 2024
1651:
1639:from the original on 1 May 2024
1625:Peck, Tom (29 September 2009).
1618:
1606:from the original on 1 May 2024
1542:from the original on 4 May 2024
1522:
1510:from the original on 1 May 2023
1473:from the original on 8 May 2024
1416:
1404:from the original on 8 May 2024
1376:
1364:from the original on 3 May 2024
1310:
1281:
1269:from the original on 2 May 2024
1248:
1236:from the original on 2 May 2024
1199:from the original on 1 May 2024
1144:
1132:from the original on 2 May 2024
1090:from the original on 2 May 2024
989:from the original on 1 May 2024
927:from the original on 2 May 2024
901:Journal of Conflict Archaeology
761:from the original on 2 May 2024
895:Banks, Iain (2 January 2020).
707:
603:National Lottery Heritage Fund
424:since the perpetrators of the
234:for their role in his death.
1:
2097:Community buyouts in Scotland
1829:Gault, Anna (21 March 2024).
1288:De Normann, Roderick (1996).
1221:Cowen, Lewis (10 July 2008).
1048:Historic Environment Scotland
913:10.1080/15740773.2020.1853365
848:10.1080/20518196.2018.1548223
700:
591:community right-to-buy scheme
574:. Huts 19, 20, and 44–46 are
416:and the other five hanged at
254:community right-to-buy scheme
44:Entrance to Cultybraggan Camp
1352:"Cultybraggan Training Camp"
721:National Records of Scotland
216:PoW camps in Britain during
7:
688:
341:German occupation of Poland
295:Nissen huts at Cultybraggan
10:
2133:
2073:, Comrie Development Trust
1965:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
1658:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
1564:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
1317:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
1011:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
946:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
785:Campbell, Valerie (2017).
390:Allied invasion of Germany
271:
1187:"A grisly Christmas tale"
183:
172:
162:
154:
149:
141:
133:
128:
120:
83:
49:
37:
28:
23:
1223:"Grisly tale of revenge"
645:" to store confidential
631:Edinburgh College of Art
621:. The trust imposes low
266:category A or B listings
241:, Cultybraggan housed a
145:Comrie Development Trust
137:Comrie Development Trust
1155:. Whittles Publishing.
627:historical reenactments
617:, and as locations for
198:Black Camp of the North
586:
515:
470:Royal Norfolk Regiment
457:
296:
611:holiday accommodation
584:
513:
455:
448:Post–Second World War
353:University of Glasgow
294:
2087:Barracks in Scotland
2067:at Wikimedia Commons
1296:. pp. 158–159.
985:. 11 December 2008.
544:an older RGHQ bunker
524:Royal Observer Corps
426:Phoenix Park murders
243:Royal Observer Corps
196:, also known as the
124:Prisoner of War Camp
105:56.35556°N 3.99417°W
2032:. 2 December 2016.
1997:The Daily Telegraph
1942:. 2 December 2016.
1871:. 31 January 2012.
1538:. 13 January 2016.
1397:(4): 59. May 1996.
556:command and control
485:Ministry of Defence
359:of compound B with
277:James V of Scotland
248:and an underground
101: /
1695:. 9 October 2015.
1229:Gazette and Herald
653:stole ÂŁ300,000 of
587:
516:
472:(for training in "
458:
418:Pentonville Prison
337:Free Polish Forces
297:
232:Pentonville prison
110:56.35556; -3.99417
2065:Cultybraggan Camp
2063:Media related to
1806:. 28 March 2014.
1294:Sutton Publishing
619:startup companies
607:Historic Scotland
576:category A listed
568:Historic Scotland
563:Post-military use
414:life imprisonment
262:Historic Scotland
194:Cultybraggan Camp
191:
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69:Cultybraggan Camp
24:Cultybraggan Camp
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503:and Hut 65 to a
466:Territorial Army
382:Le Marchant Camp
287:Second World War
281:food he consumed
129:Site information
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1632:The Independent
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1506:. 21 May 2014.
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