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subject, object, and verb of the statement) is missing, the statement is false. Some sentences pose difficulties for this model, however. As just one example, adjectives such as "counterfeit", "alleged", or "false" do not have the usual simple meaning of restricting the meaning of the noun they modify: a "tall lawyer" is a kind of lawyer, but an "alleged lawyer" may not be.
316:, etc. of real-world objects which in some way falls short of direct knowledge of them. But such an indirect awareness or perception is itself an idea in one's mind, so that the correspondence theory of truth reduces to a correspondence between ideas about truth and ideas of the world, whereupon it becomes a
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If no theory of the world is offered, the argument is so vague as to be useless or even unintelligible: truth would then be supposed to be correspondence to some undefined, unknown or ineffable world. It would in this case be difficult to see how a candid truth could be more certain than the world we
233:
in the world that makes it true. For example, "A cat is on a mat" is true if, and only if, there is in the world a cat and a mat and the cat is related to the mat by virtue of being on it. If any of the three pieces (the cat, the mat, and the relation between them which correspond respectively to the
278:
who hold that everything that exists is, in the end, just an idea in some mind. However, it is not strictly necessary that a correspondence theory be married to metaphysical realism. It is possible to hold, for example, that the facts of the world determine which statements are true and to also hold
430:
Hanna and
Harrison (2004), ch. 1, p. 21, quotation: "The assessment of truth and falsity is made possible by the existence of semantically mediated correlations between the members of some class of linguistic entities possessing assertoric force (in some versions of the Correspondence Theory
253:
in which the statement is expressed are such as to correlate whole-for-whole the statement with the state of affairs. A false statement, for Austin, is one that is correlated by the language to a state of affairs that does not exist.
431:
propositions, in others sentences, or bodies of sentences), and the members of some class of extralinguistic entities: “states of affairs,” or “facts,” or bodies of truth-conditions, or of assertion-warranting circumstances."
335:
On the other hand, as soon as the defender of the correspondence theory of truth offers a theory of the world, they are operating in some specific ontological or scientific theory, which stands in need of
340:. But, the only way to support the truth of this world-theory that is allowed by the correspondence theory of truth, is correspondence to the real world. Hence the argument is inescapably circular.
245:
theorized that there need not be any structural parallelism between a true statement and the state of affairs that makes it true. It is only necessary that the
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who hold that everything that exists, exists as a substantial metaphysical entity independently of the individual thing of which it is predicated, and also to
84:: "To say that that which is, is not, and that which is not, is, is a falsehood; therefore, to say that which is, is, and that which is not, is not, is true".
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One attack on the theory claims that the correspondence theory succeeds in its appeal to the real world only in so far as the real world is reachable by us.
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677:("Popper professes to be anti-conventionalist, and his commitment to the correspondence theory of truth places him firmly within the realist's camp.")
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believes that there are no real, mind-independent objects. The correspondence theory appeals to imaginary undefined entities, so it is incoherent.
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is determined solely by how it relates to a reality; that is, by whether it accurately describes that reality. As
Aristotle claims in his
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believes that we directly know objects as they are. Such a person can wholeheartedly adopt a correspondence theory of truth.
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is determined only by how it relates to the world and whether it accurately describes (i.e., corresponds with) that world.
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Either the defender of the correspondence theory of truth offers some accompanying theory of the world, or they do not.
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The
Correspondence Theory of Truth (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
511:"Correspondence Theory of Truth", in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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Correspondence theory of truth – The
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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Coleridge's
Philosophy of Faith: Symbol, Allegory, and Hermeneutics
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The
Coherence Theory of Truth (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
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A classic example of correspondence theory is the statement by the
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Historically, most advocates of correspondence theories have been
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espoused the correspondence theory. According to Bhikhu Parekh,
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Conjectures and
Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
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also subscribed to a version of the correspondence theory.
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Word and World: Practices and the
Foundation of Language
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Thornton, Stephen (2015-01-01). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.).
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David, Marian (28 May 2015). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.).
145:.) Correspondence theory has also been attributed to
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Readings on Edmund
Husserl's Logical Investigations
482:, Vol. 2, "Correspondence Theory of Truth", auth.:
332:are to judge its degree of correspondence against.
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Theory that truth means correspondence with reality
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103:"), which Aquinas attributed to the ninth-century
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308:Other positions hold that we have some type of
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486:, Macmillan, 1969, pp. 223–4.
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1131:On Generation and Corruption
567:, Mohr Siebeck, 2011, p. 91.
214:Correspondence as congruence
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745:, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
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1103:Sophistical Refutations
675:(Winter 2015 ed.).
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974:Horror vacui (physics)
528:, I. Q.16, A.2 arg. 2.
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38:
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30:
26:
22:
1887:Deflationary
1881:
1846:Truth-bearer
1841:Propositions
1730:Neoplatonism
1456:Theophrastus
1314:Protrepticus
1207:and politics
1018:
1005:
1001:hypokeimenon
999:
983:
966:
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926:Hylomorphism
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458:. Retrieved
452:
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381:Pragmaticism
334:
330:
327:
307:
300:
293:
290:
261:
243:J. L. Austin
241:
217:
199:J. L. Austin
195:early period
180:contemporary
169:contemporary
166:
151:
115:early modern
112:
105:Neoplatonist
96:
86:
79:
61:
45:
28:
18:
1851:Truth-maker
1606:Duns Scotus
1446:Dicaearchus
1436:Aristoxenus
1195:Metaphysics
1188:Metaphysics
1174:Progression
1141:On the Soul
1136:Meteorology
938:Magnanimity
904:Four causes
672:Karl Popper
653:Karl Popper
498:Metaphysics
495:Aristotle,
401:Testability
361:Information
227:isomorphism
203:Karl Popper
147:Thomas Reid
81:Metaphysics
21:metaphysics
1927:Categories
1907:Redundancy
1688:Hursthouse
1562:Maimonides
1528:Avicennism
1179:Generation
1151:On Animals
1078:Categories
898:Eudaimonia
724:References
501:, 1011b26.
406:Truthmaker
376:Pragmatism
356:Deep image
314:perception
287:Objections
135:David Hume
127:John Locke
1902:Pragmatic
1897:Pluralist
1892:Epistemic
1872:Consensus
1867:Coherence
1836:Statement
1723:Platonism
1678:MacIntyre
1540:Averroism
1518:Al-Farabi
1476:Critolaus
1420:Followers
1397:Economics
1377:Mechanics
1342:On Plants
1337:On Colors
1332:On Breath
1283:On Dreams
1273:On Memory
1036:Haecceity
1014:Syllogism
985:Phronesis
877:Catharsis
826:Aristotle
371:Knowledge
310:awareness
247:semantics
229:with the
209:Varieties
162:Karl Marx
101:intellect
72:Aristotle
41:statement
1912:Semantic
1860:Theories
1768:Category
1693:Nussbaum
1663:Brentano
1535:Averroes
1523:Avicenna
1513:Al-Kindi
1486:Erymneus
1382:Problems
1278:On Sleep
1245:Rhetoric
1224:Politics
1169:Movement
1031:Quiddity
892:accident
819:Overview
761:(1977),
751:(1912),
741:(1992),
344:See also
303:idealist
251:language
66:such as
1829:General
1611:Scotism
1599:Thomism
1250:Poetics
1159:History
1121:Physics
1113:Physics
1070:Organon
998: (
944:Mimesis
888:Essence
659:, 1963.
366:Inquiry
249:of the
58:History
37:falsity
1653:Newman
1646:Modern
1555:Jewish
1205:Ethics
1098:Topics
968:Philia
962:Mythos
836:Lyceum
460:14 May
351:Belief
201:, and
137:, and
27:, the
1822:Truth
1718:Plato
1683:Smith
1668:Adler
1164:Parts
1061:Works
1020:Telos
1007:ousia
932:Lexis
920:Hexis
865:Arete
831:Logic
418:Notes
281:being
268:minds
68:Plato
52:facts
39:of a
33:truth
1673:Foot
1307:Lost
462:2019
294:The
221:and
70:and
23:and
197:),
167:In
152:In
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35:or
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