413:. Anthropomorphism has been shown to increase both the sentimental value and perceived utility of items. These findings indicate that individuals may over-value their possessions to compensate for thwarted interpersonal needs. Feeling alone and/or disconnected from others may impair people's ability to tolerate distress and increase people's tendencies to see human-like qualities in objects. The humanness of items may increase their perceived value and individuals may acquire these valued objects to alleviate distress. Individuals with hoarding problems have been shown to have greater interpersonal problems than individuals who only excessively acquire possessions, which provides some support for the assumption that individuals with hoarding problems may have a stronger motivation to hang onto possessions for support. As possessions cannot provide support in the way humans can and because saving excessively can frustrate other people due to its impact on their quality of life, individuals with hoarding disorder may be caught in a feedback loop. They may save to alleviate distress, but this saving may cause distress, which may lead them to keep saving to alleviate the distress.
405:, traumatized persons may create a problem for themselves in order to avoid their real anxiety or trauma. Facing their real issues may be too difficult for them, so they create an artificial problem (in their case, hoarding) and prefer to battle with it rather than determine, face, or do something about their real anxieties. Hoarders may suppress their psychological pain by hoarding. The study shows that adults who hoard report a greater lifetime incidence of having possessions taken by force, forced sexual activity as either an adult or a child, including forced sexual intercourse, and being physically handled roughly during childhood, thus proving traumatic events are positively correlated with the severity of hoarding. For each five years of life the participant would rate the severity of their hoarding symptoms from 1 to 4, 4 being the most severe. Of the participants, 548 reported a chronic course, 159 an increasing course and 39 people, a decreasing course of illness. The incidents of increased hoarding behavior were usually correlated to five categories of stressful life events.
265:
involves the overall acquiring of common items that would not be especially meaningful to the person who is gathering such items in large quantities. People who hoard keep common items that hold little to no meaning or value to others, unlike some collectors, whose items may be of great value to select people. Most hoarders are disorganized, and their living areas are crowded and in disarray. Most collectors can afford to store their items systematically or to have enough room to display their collections. Age, mental state, or finances have caused some collectors to fall into a hoarding state.
274:
51:
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symptoms after the age of 40. The data showed that compulsive hoarding usually begins early, but often does not become more prominent until after age 40. Different reasons have been given for this, such as the effects of family presence earlier in life and limits on hoarding imposed by housing situation and lifestyle. The understanding of early onset hoarding behavior may help in the future to better distinguish hoarding behavior from "normal" childhood collecting behaviors.
201:
or other important areas of functioning. Excessive acquisition is characterized by repetitive urges or behaviours related to amassing or buying property. Difficulty discarding possessions is characterized by a perceived need to save items and distress associated with discarding them. Accumulation of possessions results in living spaces becoming cluttered to the point that their use or safety is compromised. It is recognised by the
362:. Hoarders have higher than average rates of traumatic past events, particularly those associated with loss or deprivation. Past events which occurred before the onset of hoarding are correlated to a subject's emotional attachment to physical objects, and past events after the onset of hoarding increase a subject's anxiety around memory. Hoarders are also more likely to have a past with alcohol abuse.
296:
of hoarders report the onset of hoarding as being associated with a traumatic life event, and in this portion of hoarders, the age of onset is much higher. Epidemiological studies have found that hoarding is twice as common in males, although clinical studies on hoarding tend to be predominantly female, suggesting that male hoarders are a significantly understudied and under-treated population.
335:. However, hoarding does frequently co-occur with OCD. OCD patients with hoarding symptoms were found to display a distinct form of hoarding in which they were more likely to hoard "bizarre items" and perform compulsive rituals associated with their hoarding behavior, such as rituals around checking items or rituals to be performed before discarding them.
283:
through a room does the clutter register. To ensure an accurate sense of a clutter problem and encourage people to get support, Hoarding UK uses the
Clutter Image Rating, created by R. O. Frost and G. Steketee, a series of pictures of rooms in various stages of clutter ā from completely clutter-free to very severely cluttered.
507:, which may frequently lead to premature termination (i.e., dropout) or low response to treatment. Therefore, it was suggested that future treatment approaches, and pharmacotherapy in particular, be directed to address the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairments demonstrated by individuals with hoarding symptoms.
476:, the completion of which is associated with better treatment outcomes. Research on internet-based CBT treatments for the disorder (where participants have access to educational resources, cognitive strategies, and chat groups) has also shown promising results both in terms of short- and long-term recovery.
498:
reduces social isolation and social anxiety and is cost-effective compared to one-on-one intervention. Group CBT tends to have similar outcomes to individual therapy. Although group treatment often does not include home sessions, experimental research suggests that treatment outcomes may be improved
397:
In a 2010 study using data from self-reports of hoarding behavior from 751 participants, it was found most reported the onset of their hoarding symptoms between the ages of 11 and 20 years old, with 70% reporting the behaviors before the age of 21. Fewer than 4% of people reported the onset of their
295:
Rates of hoarding increase significantly with age, and people over the age of 54 are three times as likely to meet criteria for hoarding disorder. However, hoarding symptoms typically manifest in early childhood, and worsen to the point of becoming clinically significant during middle age. Over half
200:
characterised by persistent difficulty in parting with possessions and engaging in excessive acquisition of items that are not needed or for which no space is available. This results in severely cluttered living spaces, distress, and impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational,
471:
of beliefs related to hoarding. Furthermore, research has also shown that certain CBT protocols have been more effective in treatment than others. CBT programs that specifically address the motivation of the affected person, organization, acquiring new clutter, and removing current clutter from the
408:
Although excessive acquiring is not a diagnostic criterion of hoarding, at least two-thirds of individuals with hoarding disorder excessively acquire possessions. Having a more anxiously attached interpersonal style is associated with more compulsive buying and greater acquisition of free items and
264:
often involving the targeted search and acquisition of specific items that formāat least from the perspective of the collectorāa greater appreciation, deeper understanding, or increased synergistic value when combined with other similar items. Hoarding, by contrast, typically appears haphazard and
291:
The prevalence of hoarding disorder is estimated to be between 2 and 6 percent, although some surveys indicate the lifetime prevalence may be as high as 14%. First-degree relatives of those with hoarding disorder are significantly more likely to report hoarding symptoms, and hoarding likely comes
282:
A UK charity called
Hoarding UK has found that people have very different ideas about what it means to have a cluttered home. For some, a small pile of things in the corner of an otherwise well-ordered room constitutes serious clutter. For others, only when the narrow pathways make it hard to get
277:
Hoarders may pile their belongings in their homes, yards, or garages. This garage has been converted into an additional room, and demonstrates clutter, with a large number of objects of various sizes being haphazardly spread throughout the space. Exactly what constitutes a room or space as being
510:
Mental health professionals frequently express frustration regarding hoarding cases, mostly due to premature termination and poor response to treatment. Patients are frequently described as indecisive, procrastinators, recalcitrant, and as having low or no motivation, which can explain why many
215:
Prevalence rates are estimated at 2% to 5% in adults, though the condition typically manifests in childhood with symptoms worsening in advanced age, at which point collected items have grown excessive and family members who would otherwise help to maintain and control the levels of clutter have
650:(1862), London shop owner Krook hoards items, primarily legal documents. He continues to buy items but doesn't sell any, even though he claims he buys to sell later for a profit. Several documents that would resolve a legal case central to the novel's plot are lost among his hoard.
636:
in 1846, features Pons, who hoards art and antiques. He collected relatively low-value items, hoping they would become more valuable with time. However, he is unwilling to part with any of his items even when he becomes destitute. He dies with his collection intact.
499:
if home sessions are included. Individuals have been shown to discard more possessions when in a cluttered environment compared to a tidy environment. Indeed, a meta-analysis found that a greater number of home sessions improves CBT outcomes.
902:
84:
Excessive acquisition, Perceived need to save possessions, Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value, Intense urge to keep items and distress when getting rid of
952:
623:
displays hoarding behaviors. For example, he serves an old cake from years ago to a business partner, having a servant scrape off the mold. He is famous among the locals for his compulsion to find and keep items.
2002:
Norberg MM, Kwok C, Crone C, David J, Kakar V, Grisham JR (2020). "Greater interpersonal problems differentiate those who excessively acquire and save from those who only excessively acquire possessions".
331:; however, hoarding was found to have a relatively weak connection to OCD or OCPD compared to their other symptoms. Due to this evidence, hoarding disorder was separated as its own disorder in the
559:, focuses on helping one or two individual "hoarders" per episode and features a rotating cast of professional psychologists and organizers who specialize in hoarding disorder. A similar show,
511:
interventions fail to accomplish significant results. To overcome this obstacle, some clinicians recommend accompanying individual therapy with home visits to help the clinician:
2818:
307:), and have become a topic of public alarm in Japanese mass media. In the Eastern United States, they are sometimes called Collyer mansions or Collyers, after the infamous
1160:
Pertusa A, Frost RO, Fullana MA, Samuels J, Steketee G, Tolin D, et al. (June 2010). "Refining the diagnostic boundaries of compulsive hoarding: a critical review".
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rather than symptom reduction. Also borrowed from addiction therapy. The goal is to decrease the harmful implications of the behavior, rather than the hoarding behaviors.
1403:
299:
Hoarding is a significant problem around the world and can pose a public health risk when hoarding escalates enough to damage the integrity of a structure or attract
2261:
Gilliam CM, Norberg MM, Villavicencio A, Morrison S, Hannan SE, Tolin DF (November 2011). "Group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder: an open trial".
2503:
1299:
1030:
427:(CBT) is a commonly implemented therapeutic intervention for compulsive hoarding. As part of cognitive behavior therapy, the therapist may help the patient to:
421:
Only 5% of people with hoarding behaviours receive help (Singh, 2012) and the interventions they do receive focus on clearing items, not treating the disorder.
486:
originated in addiction therapy. This method is significantly helpful when used in hoarding cases in which insight is poor and ambivalence to change is marked.
1626:
Pertusa A, Fullana MA, Singh S, Alonso P, MenchĆ³n JM, Mataix-Cols D (October 2008). "Compulsive hoarding: OCD symptom, distinct clinical syndrome, or both?".
594:
is a four-part series based in
Britain that followed a group of hoarders participating in a treatment program led by psychotherapist Stelios Kiosses.
303:. Accumulated items can block exits during fires and increase the risk of injury. In Japan, hoarder houses are known as "garbage mansions" (ććæå±ę·,
2717:"Historical Portrayal of Hoarding Disorder in European Literature and Its Relationship to the Economic and Personal Circumstances of the Authors"
712:
324:
1463:
1009:
503:
Individuals with hoarding behaviors are often described as having low motivation and poor compliance levels, and as being indecisive and
472:
home have shown promising results. This type of treatment typically involves in-home work with a therapist combined with between-session
2810:
883:
546:
in 2021, a novel about a woman with hoarding disorder that focused on the behavior and the consequences of a hoarder being exposed.
848:
Cromer KR, Schmidt NB, Murphy DL (November 2007). "Do traumatic events influence the clinical expression of compulsive hoarding?".
401:
A second key part of this study was to determine if stressful life events are linked to the onset of hoarding symptoms. Similar to
236:
205:
785:
1716:
Abramowitz JS, Wheaton MG, Storch EA (September 2008). "The status of hoarding as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder".
1031:"'Doctor, I can't stop playing video games': 6 things about WHO's latest catalogue for diagnosing medical conditions worldwide"
2037:
Roger, Harms W. "Definition". Mayo Clinic. Mayo
Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 25 May 2011. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.
1395:
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17:
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and hoarding may seem similar, but there are distinct characteristics that set the behaviors apart. Collecting is a
464:
1295:
588:, the daughter of a hoarder, and follows her as she and a team of experts seek to help others with the disorder.
1906:"Anxious attachment and excessive acquisition: The mediating roles of anthropomorphism and distress intolerance"
378:
2296:
Crone C, Norberg MM (August 2018). "Scared and surrounded by clutter: The influence of emotional reactivity".
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366:
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However, the majority of hoarders do not show OCD symptoms. Hoarding has been found to be correlated with
2627:
2567:
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is more focused on the hoarded house, where teams work hard to flip properties that have been hoarded.
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The prevalence of different comorbidities is influenced by gender. In men, hoarding is associated with
359:
219:
People with hoarding disorder commonly live with other complex and/or psychological disorders such as
2857:
756:
483:
473:
339:
549:
There have been several television shows that focused on those suspected to have hoarding disorder.
2885:
730:
717:
702:
689:, mental disorder characterised by extreme neglect, hoarding, social withdrawal and a lack of shame
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There have been possible depictions of hoarding in literature before the diagnosis was created. In
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252:
232:
1455:
676:
468:
343:
813:
Grisham JR, Frost RO, Steketee G, Kim HJ, Hood S (2006). "Age of onset of compulsive hoarding".
561:
539:
444:
239:(ADHD). Other factors often associated with hoarding include alcohol dependence and paranoid,
590:
1320:
Samuels JF, Bienvenu OJ, Grados MA, Cullen B, Riddle MA, Liang KY, et al. (July 2008).
1580:
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550:
1663:"Investigating associations between hoarding symptoms and affective and cognitive empathy"
8:
752:
734:
671:
556:
72:
2641:
1584:
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Kuwano M, Nakao T, Yonemoto K, Yamada S, Murayama K, Okada K, et al. (March 2020).
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2020:
1979:
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79:
2550:(Documentary), Bray Poor, Becky Beeton, Daniel J. Moran, Discovery Studios, 2010-03-14
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101:
63:
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2068:
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2012:
1974:
1966:
1925:
1917:
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1824:
1816:
1805:"Traumatic and stressful life events in hoarding: the role of loss and deprivation"
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504:
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2016:
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50:
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these relationships are mediated by stronger distress intolerance and greater
2906:
1686:
1661:
Chen, Wenting; McDonald, Skye; Wearne, Travis; Grisham, Jessica (June 2021).
1089:
1042:
964:
746:
692:
610:
599:
495:
164:
139:
1955:"Object attachment: Humanness increases sentimental and instrumental values"
1662:
1322:"Prevalence and correlates of hoarding behavior in a community-based sample"
2833:
Dirty Secret: A Daughter Comes Clean About Her Mother's
Compulsive Hoarding
2752:
2504:"As we stockpile wealth, toilet paper, novelist gives voice to a 'hoarder'"
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2453:
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984:
869:
834:
761:
1244:
Kancherla N, Garlapati SK, Sowkhya P, Yegateela T, McCrary A (June 2022).
903:"Hoarding is a serious disorder ā and it's only getting worse in the U.S."
2733:
1262:
660:
646:
531:
Likewise, certain cases are assisted by professional organizers as well.
523:
456:
Be open to trying psychiatric hospitalization if the hoarding is serious.
240:
116:
2605:
2545:
1802:
2480:
2445:
2409:
2392:
2231:
2191:
2049:"An open trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for compulsive hoarding"
1803:
Fontenelle LF, Muhlbauer JE, Albertella L, Eppingstall J (2021-01-01).
615:
257:
68:
2877:
2521:
2386:
2384:
1678:
2357:
2341:"Cognitive behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder: a meta-analysis"
2340:
2098:"Delivery of internet treatment for compulsive hoarding (D.I.T.C.H.)"
1873:
1856:
1771:
1212:
1197:"Age at onset and clinical features of late life compulsive hoarding"
620:
602:
that focused on those who hoard animals and their living conditions.
519:
Devise a treatment plan that is more suitable to the particular case.
402:
191:
146:
2393:"Understanding and treating hoarding: a biopsychosocial perspective"
1569:"Clinical characteristics of hoarding disorder in Japanese patients"
953:"Updates to psychiatry's guidebook change criteria for ADHD, autism"
2814:
2381:
2260:
1857:"Course of compulsive hoarding and its relationship to life events"
1749:
1747:
697:
459:
Have periodic visits and consultations to keep a healthy lifestyle.
1243:
210:
Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition
479:
Other therapeutic approaches that have been found to be helpful:
434:
Learn to organize possessions in order to decide what to discard.
355:
292:
about due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
224:
169:
1744:
1110:
2432:
Saxena S (May 2011). "Pharmacotherapy of compulsive hoarding".
1520:"Compulsive hoarding: current controversies and new directions"
320:
300:
202:
2667:
Confessions: Animal
Hoarding (TV Series 2010ā ) - Plot - IMDb
1855:
Tolin DF, Meunier SA, Frost RO, Steketee G (September 2010).
1195:
Ayers CR, Saxena S, Golshan S, Wetherell JL (February 2010).
332:
261:
209:
2610:(Documentary), Jasmine Harman, Twofour Broadcast, 2012-05-08
2178:(May 2011). "Challenges and advances in treating hoarding".
2467:
Frost RO, Hristova V (May 2011). "Assessment of hoarding".
1319:
1194:
1068:
Revista
Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil: 1999)
884:"Hoarding disorder ā Diagnosis and treatment ā Mayo Clinic"
743:, Homer Collyer (1881ā1947) and Langley Collyer (1885ā1947)
111:
Not clear, possibly genetic, and stressful life experiences
2862:
2792:
The
Hoarders: Material Deviance in Modern American Culture
1159:
516:
Get a better insight into the hoarding severity and style.
2824:
1854:
1660:
1625:
1566:
1064:"Hoarding disorder: a new diagnostic category in ICD-11?"
385:, and compulsive grooming behaviors like nail-biting and
370:
2823:
Article discussing the disorder and its relationship to
2338:
2095:
2339:
Tolin DF, Frost RO, Steketee G, Muroff J (March 2015).
2096:
Muroff J, Steketee G, Himle J, Frost R (January 2010).
1903:
1715:
1246:"A Case of Coexisting Depression and Hoarding Disorder"
1010:"Clinical Classification of Hoarding Disorder | OCD-UK"
812:
759:, American socialites featured in the 1975 documentary
1904:
Norberg MM, Crone C, Kwok C, Grisham JR (March 2018).
2005:
Journal of
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
2001:
1114:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
2867:
2773:
Stuff: Compulsive Hoarding and the Meaning of Things
2137:
Gilliam CM, Tolin DF (2010). "Compulsive hoarding".
2218:Frost RO (February 2010). "Treatment of hoarding".
847:
2811:"Engulfed in Clutter, Hoarders Keep Heaping It On"
2046:
1952:
1753:
663:, the compulsive collection and hoarding of books
443:the home during in-home visits by a therapist or
373:, while among women, hoarding is associated with
2904:
2835:. New York: Simon & Schuster/Gallery Books.
2522:"Watch Hoarders Full Episodes, Video & More"
1953:Kwok C, Grisham JR, Norberg MM (December 2018).
1754:Frost RO, Steketee G, Tolin DF (October 2011).
1296:"Hoarding Definition ā Diseases and Conditions"
1062:Fontenelle, Leonardo F.; Grant, Jon E. (2014).
1061:
1517:
2770:
2466:
2170:
2168:
1201:International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
927:"Messie-Syndrom: Lƶcher in der Seele stopfen"
2295:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2136:
2047:Tolin DF, Frost RO, Steketee G (July 2007).
1456:"Fabulous 60 car stash found in French barn"
808:
806:
463:This modality of treatment usually involves
749:(1918ā2002), participated in TV documentary
268:
2165:
1667:The British Journal of Clinical Psychology
49:
2742:
2732:
2408:
2356:
2206:
2113:
2072:
1978:
1929:
1872:
1828:
1779:
1602:
1592:
1543:
1345:
1271:
1261:
1220:
1111:American Psychiatric Association (2022).
1079:
900:
803:
786:"Hoarding disorder ā Symptoms and causes"
713:Obsessiveācompulsive personality disorder
325:obsessiveācompulsive personality disorder
2794:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1850:
1848:
985:"US mental health 'bible' DSM-5 updated"
346:, compulsive grooming disorders such as
272:
237:attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
206:International Classification of Diseases
2789:
431:Discover why one is compelled to hoard.
278:cluttered varies from person to person.
131:ICD-10-CM Code F42.3, DSM-5 300.3 (F42)
14:
2905:
2431:
1809:European Journal of Psychotraumatology
780:
778:
323:, hoarding was listed as a symptom of
2830:
2808:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2390:
2217:
2174:
1845:
1518:Grisham JR, Norberg MM (2010-06-30).
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1436:from the original on 21 December 2014
1406:from the original on October 31, 2014
1393:
534:
467:to situations that cause anxiety and
2501:
1432:. American Psychiatric Association.
1372:. American Psychiatric Association.
946:
944:
2642:"The Hoarder Next Door | Channel 4"
950:
775:
453:Attend family and/or group therapy.
450:Gain and perform relaxation skills.
58:Compulsive hoarding in an apartment
24:
2763:
2703:
2220:Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
1756:"Comorbidity in hoarding disorder"
1628:The American Journal of Psychiatry
1524:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
1498:
1028:
354:, reduced cognitive and affective
25:
2924:
2851:
2715:Chang, Ryan (November 14, 2022).
941:
598:is a six-episode series aired on
522:Desensitize affected patients to
2821:from the original on 8 May 2019.
2139:Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic
1959:Journal of Behavioral Addictions
1910:Journal of Behavioral Addictions
1536:10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/jgrisham
1466:from the original on 2015-06-11.
1123:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
465:exposure and response prevention
2679:
2658:
2634:
2598:
2574:
2538:
2514:
2495:
2460:
2425:
2332:
2289:
2254:
2130:
2089:
2031:
1995:
1946:
1897:
1796:
1709:
1654:
1619:
1560:
1470:
1448:
1418:
1387:
1376:from the original on 2014-10-23
1362:
1313:
1302:from the original on 2013-10-24
1288:
1237:
1188:
1153:
1104:
1055:
1022:
584:is an ongoing series hosted by
437:Develop decision-making skills.
286:
2858:The ICD ClutterāHoarding Scale
2469:Journal of Clinical Psychology
2434:Journal of Clinical Psychology
2397:Journal of Clinical Psychology
2298:Journal of Affective Disorders
2263:Behaviour Research and Therapy
2180:Journal of Clinical Psychology
2102:Behaviour Research and Therapy
2053:Behaviour Research and Therapy
1718:Behaviour Research and Therapy
1640:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07111730
1326:Behaviour Research and Therapy
1002:
977:
919:
901:Solovitch S (April 11, 2016).
894:
876:
850:Behaviour Research and Therapy
841:
379:post-traumatic stress disorder
314:
13:
1:
2771:Frost RO, Steketee G (2011).
1821:10.1080/20008198.2021.1947002
1594:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03527
827:10.1016/j.janxdis.2005.07.004
768:
708:Obsessiveācompulsive spectrum
573:followed a similar format to
329:obsessiveācompulsive disorder
229:obsessive compulsive disorder
173:
815:Journal of Anxiety Disorders
596:Confessions: Animal Hoarding
425:Cognitive-behavioral therapy
416:
367:generalized anxiety disorder
246:
7:
2017:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100571
1298:. Mayo Clinic. 2011-05-25.
1081:10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1269
951:Sun, Lena H. (2023-05-18).
653:
216:either died or moved away.
10:
2929:
2607:Britain's Biggest Hoarders
2275:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.008
2115:10.1016/j.brat.2009.09.006
2065:10.1016/j.brat.2007.01.001
1730:10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.006
1338:10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.004
1162:Clinical Psychology Review
862:10.1016/j.brat.2007.06.005
582:Britain's Biggest Hoarders
392:
250:
2871:
2809:Mapes D (11 March 2008).
2508:The Sydney Morning Herald
2310:10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.066
2151:10.1521/bumc.2010.74.2.93
1174:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.007
1029:Ng, Huiwen (2019-05-28).
757:Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale
565:ran from 2010 to 2014 on
484:Motivational interviewing
155:
145:
135:
125:
115:
107:
97:
89:
78:
62:
57:
48:
40:
35:
2687:"Hoarder House Flippers"
1149:– via DSM Library.
731:Alexander Kennedy Miller
718:Transgenerational trauma
703:Impulse control disorder
383:body dysmorphic disorder
269:The Clutter Image Rating
253:Psychology of collecting
233:autism spectrum disorder
203:eleventh revision of the
2502:Baum C (1 April 2021).
737:automobiles (1906ā1993)
677:Compulsive decluttering
632:, a novella written by
579:Hoarding: Buried Alive.
555:, an ongoing series by
469:cognitive restructuring
2626:: CS1 maint: others (
2566:: CS1 maint: others (
2547:Hoarding: Buried Alive
2345:Depression and Anxiety
1971:10.1556/2006.7.2018.98
1922:10.1556/2006.7.2018.08
1861:Depression and Anxiety
1760:Depression and Anxiety
1478:"Clutter Image Rating"
1396:"Hoarding: The Basics"
604:Hoarder House Flippers
562:Hoarding: Buried Alive
445:professional organizer
279:
2391:Tolin DF (May 2011).
591:The Hoarder Next Door
276:
243:and avoidant traits.
2734:10.7759/cureus.31025
1263:10.7759/cureus.25645
667:Clutterers Anonymous
162:: 2ā5% of population
2913:Compulsive hoarding
1585:2020Heliy...603527K
1426:"Hoarding Disorder"
1370:"Hoarding Disorder"
906:The Washington Post
753:Edith Bouvier Beale
733:, hoarded about 30
672:Compulsive behavior
496:Group psychotherapy
360:compulsive shopping
73:clinical psychology
44:Compulsive hoarding
18:Compulsive hoarding
2790:Herring S (2014).
2586:Makeful Television
2481:10.1002/jclp.20790
2446:10.1002/jclp.20792
2410:10.1002/jclp.20795
2232:10.1586/ern.09.159
2192:10.1002/jclp.20796
1074:(Suppl 1): 28ā39.
888:www.mayoclinic.org
535:In popular culture
280:
27:Behavioral pattern
2900:
2899:
2775:. Mariner Books.
2582:"Hoarders Canada"
1679:10.1111/bjc.12280
1634:(10): 1289ā1298.
1132:978-0-89042-575-6
1035:The Straits Times
856:(11): 2581ā2592.
687:Diogenes syndrome
208:(ICD-11) and the
183:Hoarding disorder
180:
179:
127:Diagnostic method
36:Hoarding disorder
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2920:
2869:
2868:
2846:
2831:Sholl J (2010).
2822:
2805:
2786:
2757:
2756:
2746:
2736:
2712:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2646:www.channel4.com
2638:
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2631:
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2617:
2616:
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2602:
2596:
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2557:
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2542:
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2532:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2412:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2360:
2358:10.1002/da.22327
2336:
2330:
2329:
2293:
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2286:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2215:
2204:
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2172:
2163:
2162:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2117:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2076:
2059:(7): 1461ā1470.
2044:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2028:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1982:
1965:(4): 1132ā1142.
1950:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1876:
1874:10.1002/da.20684
1852:
1843:
1842:
1832:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1772:10.1002/da.20861
1751:
1742:
1741:
1724:(9): 1026ā1033.
1713:
1707:
1706:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1606:
1596:
1564:
1558:
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1515:
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1474:
1468:
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1422:
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1311:
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1307:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1275:
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1241:
1235:
1234:
1224:
1213:10.1002/gps.2310
1192:
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1157:
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1148:
1147:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1083:
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1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
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1006:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
981:
975:
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972:
971:
948:
939:
938:
936:
934:
929:. September 2002
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
898:
892:
891:
880:
874:
873:
845:
839:
838:
810:
801:
800:
798:
796:
782:
741:Collyer brothers
682:Digital hoarding
634:HonorƩ de Balzac
619:(1842), wealthy
571:Hoarders: Canada
411:anthropomorphism
352:bipolar disorder
348:trichotillomania
309:Collyer brothers
175:
121:Traumatic events
53:
33:
32:
21:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2880:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2802:
2783:
2766:
2764:Further reading
2761:
2760:
2713:
2704:
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2693:
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2599:
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2530:
2528:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2500:
2496:
2465:
2461:
2430:
2426:
2389:
2382:
2337:
2333:
2294:
2290:
2269:(11): 802ā807.
2259:
2255:
2216:
2207:
2173:
2166:
2135:
2131:
2094:
2090:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2000:
1996:
1951:
1947:
1902:
1898:
1853:
1846:
1801:
1797:
1766:(10): 876ā884.
1752:
1745:
1714:
1710:
1659:
1655:
1624:
1620:
1565:
1561:
1516:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1485:Ļhoardinguk.org
1480:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1437:
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1419:
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992:
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957:Washington Post
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895:
882:
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877:
846:
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811:
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792:
784:
783:
776:
771:
722:
656:
642:Charles Dickens
537:
529:
505:procrastinators
419:
395:
317:
289:
271:
255:
249:
198:mental disorder
168:
163:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2926:
2916:
2915:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:Classification
2866:
2865:
2860:
2853:
2852:External links
2850:
2848:
2847:
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2800:
2787:
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2727:(11): e31025.
2702:
2678:
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2573:
2537:
2513:
2494:
2475:(5): 456ā466.
2459:
2440:(5): 477ā484.
2424:
2403:(5): 517ā526.
2380:
2351:(3): 158ā166.
2331:
2288:
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2226:(2): 251ā261.
2205:
2186:(5): 451ā455.
2164:
2129:
2088:
2039:
2030:
1994:
1945:
1916:(1): 171ā180.
1896:
1867:(9): 829ā838.
1844:
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1673:(2): 177ā193.
1653:
1618:
1559:
1530:(2): 233ā240.
1497:
1469:
1462:. 2014-12-05.
1460:onlymotors.com
1447:
1430:psychiarty.org
1417:
1386:
1361:
1332:(7): 836ā844.
1312:
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1236:
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1187:
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1152:
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821:(5): 675ā686.
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629:Le Cousin Pons
586:Jasmine Harman
536:
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500:
493:
490:Harm reduction
487:
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418:
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394:
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344:social anxiety
316:
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251:Main article:
248:
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235:(ASD), and/or
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2842:9781439192535
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747:Edmund Trebus
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691:
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540:Emily Maguire
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140:Psychotherapy
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2694:. Retrieved
2690:
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2666:
2660:
2649:. Retrieved
2645:
2636:
2612:, retrieved
2606:
2600:
2589:. Retrieved
2585:
2576:
2552:, retrieved
2546:
2540:
2529:. Retrieved
2525:
2516:
2507:
2497:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2400:
2396:
2348:
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