1892:, MD, president of the American Psychiatric Association, that emphasized that DSM-5 "... represents the best information currently available for clinical diagnosis of mental disorders. Patients, families, and insurers can be confident that effective treatments are available and that the DSM is the key resource for delivering the best available care. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has not changed its position on DSM-5." Insel and Lieberman say that DSM-5 and RDoC "represent complementary, not competing, frameworks" for characterizing diseases and disorders. However, epistemologists of psychiatry tend to see the RDoC project as a putative revolutionary system that in the long run will try to replace the DSM, its expected early effect being a liberalization of the research criteria, with an increasing number of research centers adopting the RDoC definitions.
1254:
for two individuals with the same diagnosis to have completely different symptoms that would not necessarily overlap. There is also concern as to which model is better for the DSM - the diagnostic model favored by psychiatrists or the dimensional model that is favored by psychologists. The diagnostic approach/model is one that follows the diagnostic approach of traditional medicine, is more convenient to use in clinical settings, however, it does not capture the intricacies of normal or abnormal personality. The dimensional approach/model is better at showing varied degrees of personality; it places emphasis on the continuum between normal and abnormal, and abnormal as something beyond a threshold whether in unipolar or bipolar cases.
1351:
and family advocates. Scientists working on the revision of the DSM had a broad range of experience and interests. The APA Board of
Trustees required that all task force nominees disclose any competing interests or potentially conflicting relationships with entities that have an interest in psychiatric diagnoses and treatments as a precondition to appointment to the task force. The APA made all task force members' disclosures available during the announcement of the task force. Several individuals were ruled ineligible for task force appointments due to their competing interests.
1840:
diagnosis offers only a spurious promise of such benefits. Since – for example – two people with a diagnosis of 'schizophrenia' or 'personality disorder' may possess no two symptoms in common, it is difficult to see what communicative benefit is served by using these diagnoses. We believe that a description of a person's real problems would suffice. Moncrieff and others have shown that diagnostic labels are less useful than a description of a person's problems for predicting treatment response, so again diagnoses seem positively unhelpful compared to the alternatives.
1904:
1397:
1082:
the sexual disorders category and into its own. The name change was made in part due to stigmatization of the term "disorder" and the relatively common use of "gender dysphoria" in the GID literature and among specialists in the area. The creation of a specific diagnosis for children reflects the lesser ability of children to have insight into what they are experiencing and ability to express it in the event that they have insight.
1347:, Mental Disorders and Disability, and Cross-Cultural Issues. Three additional white papers were also due by 2004 concerning gender issues, diagnostic issues in the geriatric population, and mental disorders in infants and young children. The white papers have been followed by a series of conferences to produce recommendations relating to specific disorders and issues, with attendance limited to 25 invited researchers.
1650:
development of pharmacological treatments for mental disorders". They asserted that the development of DSM-5 is the "most inclusive and transparent developmental process in the 60-year history of DSM". The developments to this new version can be viewed on the APA website. During periods of public comment, members of the public could sign up at the DSM-5 website and provide feedback on the various proposed changes.
42:
1343:(NIMH), was held to set the research priorities. Research Planning Work Groups produced "white papers" on the research needed to inform and shape the DSM-5 and the resulting work and recommendations were reported in an APA monograph and peer-reviewed literature. There were six workgroups, each focusing on a broad topic: Nomenclature, Neuroscience and Genetics, Developmental Issues and Diagnosis, Personality and
1381:, marking a change in how future updates will be created. Incremental updates will be identified with decimals (DSM-5.1, DSM-5.2, etc.), until a new edition is written. The change reflects the intent of the APA to respond more quickly when a preponderance of research supports a specific change in the manual. The research base of mental disorders is evolving at different rates for different disorders.
1836:
preordained diagnostic categories to clinical populations, we believe that any classification system should begin from the bottom up – starting with specific experiences, problems or 'symptoms' or 'complaints'... We would like to see the base unit of measurement as specific problems (e.g. hearing voices, feelings of anxiety etc.)? These would be more helpful too in terms of epidemiology.
1761:
Bursztajn, MD noted that "the fact that 70% of the task force members have reported direct industry ties—an increase of almost 14% over the percentage of DSM-IV task force members who had industry ties—shows that disclosure policies alone, especially those that rely on an honor system, are not enough and that more specific safeguards are needed".
1654:
soaring ambition and weak methodology" and is concerned about the task force's "inexplicably closed and secretive process". His and
Spitzer's concerns about the contract that the APA drew up for consultants to sign, agreeing not to discuss drafts of the fifth edition beyond the task force and committees, have also been aired and debated.
1885:, with headlines such as "Goodbye to the DSM-V", "Federal institute for mental health abandons controversial 'bible' of psychiatry", "National Institute of Mental Health abandoning the DSM", and "Psychiatry divided as mental health 'bible' denounced". Other responses provided a more nuanced analysis of the NIMH Director's post.
1293:
research techniques focused on diagnosis, taking into account the sociocultural context, and also presents a hybrid-dimensional-categorical model of personality disorders. Specific personalities (antisocial, borderline, avoidant, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, schizotypal) and non-specific disorders were distinguished.
1642:, effectively conducting the whole process in secret: "When I first heard about this agreement, I just went bonkers. Transparency is necessary if the document is to have credibility, and, in time, you're going to have people complaining all over the place that they didn't have the opportunity to challenge anything."
1549:, had criteria agreed upon by consensus in a one day in-person workshop sponsored by the APA. A 2022 study found that higher rates of diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder in the ICD-11 could be explained by the DSM-5-TR criteria requiring symptoms persist for 12 months, and the ICD-11 requiring only 6 months.
1714:, led to an internet petition to remove them. According to MSNBC, "The petition accuses Zucker of having engaged in 'junk science' and promoting 'hurtful theories' during his career, especially advocating the idea that children who are unambiguously male or female anatomically, but seem confused about their
1839:
While some people find a name or a diagnostic label helpful, our contention is that this helpfulness results from a knowledge that their problems are recognised (in both senses of the word) understood, validated, explained (and explicable) and have some relief. Clients often, unfortunately, find that
1835:
a revision of the way mental distress is thought about, starting with recognition of the overwhelming evidence that it is on a spectrum with 'normal' experience, and that psychosocial factors such as poverty, unemployment and trauma are the most strongly-evidenced causal factors. Rather than applying
1748:
hurting people, 'in my own career, my primary motivation in working with children, adolescents and families is to help them with the distress and suffering they are experiencing, whatever the reasons they are having these struggles. I want to help people feel better about themselves, not hurt them.'"
354:
Section I describes DSM-5 chapter organization, its change from the multiaxial system, and
Section III's dimensional assessments. The DSM-5 dissolved the chapter that includes "disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence" opting to list them in other chapters. A note under
1081:
Among other wording changes, criterion A and criterion B (cross-gender identification, and aversion toward one's gender) were combined. Along with these changes comes the creation of a separate gender dysphoria in children as well as one for adults and adolescents. The grouping has been moved out of
1822:
It also expressed a major concern that "clients and the general public are negatively affected by the continued and continuous medicalisation of their natural and normal responses to their experiences... which demand helping responses, but which do not reflect illnesses so much as normal individual
1747:
Blanchard responded, "Naturally, it's very disappointing to me there seems to be so much misinformation about me on the
Internet. my views, they completely reversed my views." Zucker "rejects the junk-science charge, saying there 'has to be an empirical basis to modify anything' in the DSM. As for
1735:
issued a statement questioning the APA's decision to appoint
Kenneth Zucker and Ray Blanchard to the working group for Gender and Sexual Identity Disorders, stating that, "Kenneth Zucker and Ray Blanchard are clearly out of step with the occurring shift in how doctors and other health professionals
1350:
On July 23, 2007, the APA announced the task force that would oversee the development of DSM-5. The DSM-5 Task Force consisted of 27 members, including a chair and vice chair, who collectively represent research scientists from psychiatry and other disciplines, clinical care providers, and consumer
1253:
There is a call for the DSM-5 to provide relevant clinical information that is empirically based to conceptualize personality as well as psychopathology in personalities. The issue(s) of heterogeneity of a PD is problematic as well. For example, when determining the criteria for a PD it is possible
1872:
The goal of this new manual, as with all previous editions, is to provide a common language for describing psychopathology. While DSM has been described as a "Bible" for the field, it is, at best, a dictionary, creating a set of labels and defining each. The strength of each of the editions of DSM
1769:
on individuals by attributing it to mental pathology has been criticized as hindering change of the root causes of the distress. The DSM-5's expansive criteria that attribute mental pathology to people with distress or impairment from a wide-ranging constellation of experiences has been criticized
1756:
The financial association of DSM-5 panel members with industry continues to be a concern for financial conflict of interest. Of the DSM-5 task force members, 69% report having ties to the pharmaceutical industry, an increase from the 57% of DSM-IV task force members. A study of the DSM-5-TR found
1292:
It includes dimensional measures for the assessment of symptoms, criteria for the cultural formulation of disorders and an alternative proposal for the conceptualization of personality disorders, as well as a description of the currently studied clinical conditions. It presents selected tools and
760:
and PTSD, the stressor criteria (Criterion A1 in DSM-IV) was modified to some extent. The requirement for specific subjective emotional reactions (Criterion A2 in DSM-IV) was eliminated because it lacked empirical support for its utility and predictive validity. Previously certain groups, such as
1653:
In June 2009, Allen
Frances issued strongly worded criticisms of the processes leading to DSM-5 and the risk of "serious, subtle, ubiquitous" and "dangerous" unintended consequences such as new "false 'epidemics'". He writes that "the work on DSM-V has displayed the most unhappy combination of
1818:
stated in its June 2011 response to DSM-5 draft versions, that it had "more concerns than plaudits." It criticized proposed diagnoses as "clearly based largely on social norms, with 'symptoms' that all rely on subjective judgements... not value-free, but rather reflect current normative social
1552:
Three review groups for sex and gender, culture and suicide, along with an "ethnoracial equity and inclusion work group" were involved in the creation of the DSM-5-TR which led to additional sections for each mental disorder discussing sex and gender, racial and cultural variations, and adding
1760:
Although the APA has since instituted a disclosure policy for DSM-5 task force members, many still believe the association has not gone far enough in its efforts to be transparent and to protect against industry influence. In a 2009 Point/Counterpoint article, Lisa
Cosgrove, PhD and Harold J.
1192:
from DSM-IV-TR have been combined into single substance use disorders specific to each substance of abuse within a new "addictions and related disorders" category. "Recurrent legal problems" was deleted and "craving or a strong desire or urge to use a substance" was added to the criteria. The
381:
DSM-5 has discarded the multiaxial system of diagnosis (formerly Axis I, Axis II, Axis III), listing all disorders in
Section II. It has replaced Axis IV with significant psychosocial and contextual features and dropped Axis V (Global Assessment of Functioning, known as GAF). The World Health
1794:." Instead, it proposed the name "emotional regulation disorder" or "emotional dysregulation disorder." There was also discussion about changing borderline personality disorder, an Axis II diagnosis (personality disorders and mental retardation), to an Axis I diagnosis (clinical disorders).
1649:
David Kupfer, chair of the DSM-5 task force, and Darrel A. Regier, MD, MPH, vice chair of the task force, whose industry ties are disclosed with those of the task force, countered that "collaborative relationships among government, academia, and industry are vital to the current and future
1675:, Robbins notes that under the new guidelines, certain responses to grief could be labeled as pathological disorders, instead of being recognized as being normal human experiences. In 2012, a footnote was added to the draft text which explains the distinction between grief and depression.
1797:
The TARA-APD recommendations do not appear to have affected the
American Psychiatric Association, the publisher of the DSM. As noted above, the DSM-5 does not employ a multi-axial diagnostic scheme, therefore the distinction between Axis I and II disorders no longer exists in the DSM
809:
were expanded to include "possession-form phenomena and functional neurological symptoms". It is made clear that "transitions in identity may be observable by others or self-reported". Criterion B was also modified for people who experience gaps in recall of everyday events (not only
1779:
1726:
Dr. Ray
Blanchard, a psychiatry professor at the University of Toronto, is deemed offensive for his theories that some types of transsexuality are paraphilias, or sexual urges. In this model, transsexuality is not an essential aspect of the individual, but a misdirected sexual
1283:. There is no change in the basic diagnostic structure since DSM-III-R; however, people now must meet both qualitative (criterion A) and negative consequences (criterion B) criteria to be diagnosed with a paraphilic disorder. Otherwise they have a paraphilia (and no diagnosis).
1164:
without outbursts of physical aggression. Criteria were added for frequency and to specify "impulsive and/or anger based in nature, and must cause marked distress, cause impairment in occupational or interpersonal functioning, or be associated with negative financial or legal
333:
may have unduly influenced the manual's content, given the industry association of many DSM-5 workgroup participants. The APA itself has published that the inter-rater reliability is low for many disorders, including major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
1764:
The role of the DSM-5 in protecting the interests of wealthy and politically powerful owners of the means of production in the United States has been criticized as well. Placing the blame for predictable and common psychological distress caused by the deleterious effects of
1819:
expectations," noting doubts over the reliability, validity, and value of existing criteria, that personality disorders were not normed on the general population, and that "not otherwise specified" categories covered a "huge" 30% of all personality disorders.
1826:
The Society suggested as its primary specific recommendation, a change from using "diagnostic frameworks" to a description based on an individual's specific experienced problems, and that mental disorders are better explored as part of a spectrum shared with
4391:"Suggestions and ideas for members of the work groups were also solicited through the DSM-5 website. The proposed draft revisions to DSM-5 are posted on the website, and anyone can provide feedback to the work groups during periods of public comment."
362:(ICD) systems and share organizational structures as much as is feasible. Concern about the categorical system of diagnosis is expressed, but the conclusion is the reality that alternative definitions for most disorders are scientifically premature.
1678:
The DSM-5 has been criticized for purportedly saying nothing about the biological underpinnings of mental disorders. A book-long appraisal of the DSM-5, with contributions from philosophers, historians and anthropologists, was published in 2015.
637:
disorders, DSM-5 removes the requirement that the subject (formerly, over 18 years old) "must recognize that their fear and anxiety are excessive or unreasonable". Also, the duration of at least 6 months now applies to everyone (not only to
3167:
1682:
A 2015 essay from an Australian university criticized the DSM-5 for having poor cultural diversity, stating that recent work done in cognitive sciences and cognitive anthropology is still only accepting western psychology as the norm.
719:
467:(ADHD) no longer specifies autism as an exclusionary diagnosis. The requisite age of symptom onset was changed from 7 years old to 12 years old, and symptom thresholds were reduced for diagnosis of ADHD as an adolescent or adult.
5133:
731:
1149:
are of three types: angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness. The conduct disorder exclusion is deleted. The criteria were also changed with a note on frequency requirements and a measure of
1100:
1104:
5647:
5642:
2046:
Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G, Chaimani A, Atkinson LZ, Ogawa Y, Leucht S, Ruhe HG, Turner EH, Higgins JP, Egger M, Takeshima N, Hayasaka Y, Imai H, Shinohara K, Tajika A, Ioannidis JP, Geddes JR (April 7, 2018).
247:(ICD), and scientific studies often measure changes in symptom scale scores rather than changes in DSM-5 criteria to determine the real-world effects of mental health interventions. The DSM-5 is the only DSM to use an
1582:
377:
to increase the utility to the clinician. The first allows the clinician to specify the reason that the criteria for a specific disorder are not met; the second allows the clinician the option to forgo specification.
6266:
1542:
1250:(PD) previously belonged to a different axis than almost all other disorders, but is now in one axis with all mental and other medical diagnoses. However, the same ten types of personality disorder are retained.
761:
military personnel involved in combat, law enforcement officers and other first responders, did not meet criterion A2 in DSM-IV because their training prepared them to not react emotionally to traumatic events.
2039:
750:
The PTSD diagnostic clusters were reorganized and expanded from a total of three clusters to four based on the results of confirmatory factor analytic research conducted since the publication of DSM-IV.
543:
in all contexts requires 3 of a total of 12 symptoms. Catatonia may be a specifier for depressive, bipolar, and psychotic disorders; part of another medical condition; or of another specified diagnosis.
2331:
Regier D, Narrow W, Clarke D, Kraemer H, Kuramoto S, Kuhl E, Kupfer D (2013). "DSM-5 Field Trials in the United States and Canada, Part II: Test-Retest Reliability of Selected Categorical Diagnoses".
2149:"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral and long-acting injectable antipsychotics for the maintenance treatment of adults with schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis"
1032:
3137:
3159:
1622:
The National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) which is responsible for creating and publishing board exams for medical students around the United States conforms to the use of DSM-5 criteria.
382:
Organization's Disability Assessment Schedule is added to Section III (Emerging measures and models) under Assessment Measures, as a suggested, but not required, method to assess functioning.
6001:
936:
Disorders in this chapter were previously classified under disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence in DSM-IV. Now it is an independent classification in DSM 5.
1873:
has been "reliability" – each edition has ensured that clinicians use the same terms in the same ways. The weakness is its lack of validity ... Patients with mental disorders deserve better.
4722:
3411:
Krueger RF, Hopwood CJ, Wright AG, Markon KE (September 1, 2014). "DSM-5 and the Path Toward Empirically Based and Clinically Useful Conceptualization of Personality and Psychopathology".
867:
A new diagnosis is psychological factors affecting other medical conditions. This was formerly found in the DSM-IV chapter "Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention".
709:
and hoarding disorder) to allow for good or fair insight, poor insight, and "absent insight/delusional" (i.e., complete conviction that obsessive-compulsive disorder beliefs are true).
1230:
358:
The introductory section describes the process of DSM revision, including field trials, public and professional review, and expert review. It states its goal is to harmonize with the
325:
Many authorities criticized the fifth edition both before and after it was published. Critics assert, for example, that many DSM-5 revisions or additions lack empirical support; that
307:
5094:
6230:
5189:
2049:"Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis"
5627:
5383:
5450:
5835:
5632:
6387:
5859:
5409:
2515:
5599:
5305:
778:
were moved to this new section and reconceptualized as stress-response syndromes. DSM-IV subtypes for depressed mood, anxious symptoms, and disturbed conduct are unchanged.
6065:
1661:
co-authored a national letter for the Society for Humanistic Psychology that brought thousands into the public debate about the DSM. Approximately 13,000 individuals and
5476:
1538:
5428:
5063:
3794:
5274:
5331:
3447:
712:
Criteria were added to body dysmorphic disorder to describe repetitive behaviors or mental acts that may arise with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance.
5357:
4026:
1229:(major NCD, or mild NCD). DSM-5 has a new list of neurocognitive domains. "New separate criteria are now presented" for major or mild NCD due to various conditions.
4617:
4513:
6220:
454:
5501:
4571:
4305:
1957:"Three Approaches to Understanding and Classifying Mental Disorder: ICD-11, DSM-5, and the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)"
578:
symptoms are a specifier (called "anxious distress") added to bipolar disorder and to depressive disorders (but are not part of the bipolar diagnostic criteria).
3900:
Harold E (March 9, 2010). "APA Modifies DSM Naming Convention to Reflect Publication Changes". No. Release No. 10-17. The American Psychiatric Association.
1028:
Sexual dysfunctions (except substance-/medication-induced sexual dysfunction) now require a duration of approximately 6 months and more exact severity criteria.
6087:
6335:
6203:
6183:
5825:
4546:
2147:
Schneider-Thoma J, Chalkou K, Dörries C, Bighelli I, Ceraso A, Huhn M, Siafis S, Davis JM, Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G, Leucht S (February 26, 2022).
1426:
239:) was published. In the United States, the DSM serves as the principal authority for psychiatric diagnoses. Treatment recommendations, as well as payment by
223:
71:
27:
1193:
threshold of the number of criteria that must be met was changed and severity from mild to severe is based on the number of criteria endorsed. Criteria for
6281:
6198:
4330:
3097:
856:
Somatic symptom and related disorders are defined by positive symptoms, and the use of medically unexplained symptoms is minimized, except in the cases of
715:
The DSM-IV specifier "with obsessive-compulsive symptoms" moved from anxiety disorders to this new category for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
2974:
Hathaway LM, Boals, A., Banks, J. B. (2010). "PTSD symptoms and dominant emotional response to a traumatic event: An examination of DSM-IV criterion A2".
696:, substance-/medication-induced obsessive-compulsive and related disorder, and obsessive-compulsive and related disorder due to another medical condition.
243:, are often determined by DSM classifications, so the appearance of a new version has practical importance. However, some providers instead rely on the
6193:
4273:
3323:
355:
Anxiety Disorders says that the "sequential order" of at least some DSM-5 chapters has significance that reflects the relationships between diagnoses.
5252:
3386:
3275:
2324:
1153:
Criteria for conduct disorder are unchanged for the most part from DSM-IV. A specifier was added for people with limited "prosocial emotion", showing
5592:
4421:
2937:
Adler AB, Wright, K. M., Bliese, P. D., Eckford, R., Hoge, C. W. (2008). "A2 diagnostic criterion for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder".
1234:
3129:
6040:
3197:
6148:
4888:
Cosgrove L, Krimsky S, Vijayaraghavan M, Schneider L (April 2006), "Financial Ties between DSM-IV Panel Members and the Pharmaceutical Industry",
6188:
4730:
2686:
1358:
which involved different clinicians doing independent evaluations of the same patient—a common approach to the study of diagnostic reliability.
702:(hair-pulling disorder) moved from "impulse-control disorders not elsewhere classified" in DSM-IV, to an obsessive-compulsive disorder in DSM-5.
2096:
Bandelow B, Reitt M, Röver C, Michaelis S, Görlich Y, Wedekind D (July 2015). "Efficacy of treatments for anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis".
1373:
Beginning with the fifth edition, it is intended that diagnostic guideline revisions will be added incrementally. The DSM-5 is identified with
5221:
1052:
Subtypes for all disorders include only "lifelong versus acquired" and "generalized versus situational" (one subtype was deleted from DSM-IV).
5987:
3249:
1578:
4578:; "The latest edition of psychiatry's standard guidebook neglects the biology of mental illness. New research may change that." May 5, 2013
6143:
5866:
5811:
5585:
3769:
416:
6312:
5936:
5885:
5770:
5697:
5622:
5969:
5379:
5196:
6225:
3911:
3338:
The DSM-IV specifier for a physiological subtype has been eliminated in DSM-5, as has the DSM-IV diagnosis of polysubstance dependence.
1001:
5908:
5443:
4187:
1990:
1055:
Two subtypes were deleted: "sexual dysfunction due to a general medical condition" and "due to psychological versus combined factors".
266:
a major revision of the DSM-IV-TR, but the two have significant differences. Changes in the DSM-5 include the re-conceptualization of
6252:
5717:
1530:
432:
4357:
6121:
5657:
5405:
4474:
4249:
2526:
1854:
1766:
1517:
1139:
789:
569:
464:
5301:
4753:
905:
and binge eating disorder were changed from "at least twice weekly for 6 months" to "at least once weekly over the last 3 months".
1075:
in DSM-5. Separate criteria for children, adolescents and adults that are appropriate for varying developmental states are added.
1022:
769:
4115:
5466:
1606:
600:
329:
is low for many disorders; that several sections contain poorly written, confusing, or contradictory information; and that the
946:"Sleep disorders related to another mental disorder, and sleep disorders related to a general medical condition" were deleted.
6345:
6293:
6163:
5424:
5173:
5071:
5017:
4600:
3801:
3619:
3554:
3081:
2730:
2558:
2204:
Gartlehner G, Crotty K, Kennedy S, Edlund MJ, Ali R, Siddiqui M, Fortman R, Wines R, Persad E, Viswanathan M (October 2021).
1939:
1481:
458:
126:
5530:
5327:
5278:
1686:
DSM-5 includes a section on how to conduct a "cultural formulation interview", which gives information about how a person's
1275:, and paraphilic disorders. All criteria sets were changed to add the word disorder to all of the paraphilias, for example,
6288:
6033:
3517:
3488:
3354:
3301:
2776:
2750:
1802:. The name, the diagnostic criteria for, and description of, borderline personality disorder remain largely unchanged from
846:
5353:
3223:
2802:
2607:
2581:
5849:
4624:
4375:
1865:
1596:
1340:
991:
689:
486:
5712:
4395:
1791:
5677:
5505:
4689:"What's 'normal' sex? Shrinks seek definition: Controversy erupts over creation of psychiatric rule book's new edition"
1881:(RDoC), currently for research purposes only. Insel's post sparked a flurry of reaction, some of which might be termed
1666:
1365:, such as holding stock in pharmaceutical companies, serving as consultants to industry, or serving on company boards.
4566:
4298:
3878:
3654:
Regier DA, Narrow WE, First MB, Marshall T (2002). "The APA classification of mental disorders: future perspectives".
5959:
5765:
4788:"A comparison of DSM-iv and DSM-5 panel members' financial associations with industry: A pernicious problem persists"
4667:(May 30, 2008). "Activists alarmed over APA: Head of psychiatry panel favors 'change' therapy for some trans teens".
1638:, the head of the DSM-III task force, publicly criticized the APA for mandating that DSM-5 task force members sign a
685:
450:
5926:
4536:
4033:
3744:
3710:
3611:
3579:
2522:
1407:
723:
232:
52:
3605:
1790:
reported that "the name BPD is confusing, imparts no relevant or descriptive information, and reinforces existing
898:
graduated from DSM-IV's "Appendix B -- Criteria Sets and Axes Provided for Further Study" into a proper diagnosis.
726:
disorder (behaviors like nail biting, lip biting, and cheek chewing, other than hair pulling and skin picking) or
664:(formerly, social phobia) changed in favor of a performance only (i.e., public speaking or performance) specifier.
6366:
6026:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5880:
5722:
4944:
4942:
4837:
Davis LC, Diianni AT, Drumheller SR, Elansary NN, D'Ambrozio GN, Herrawi F, Piper BJ, Cosgrove L (January 2024).
4688:
4148:"Supplemental Material for Same Name, Same Content? Evaluation of DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 Prolonged Grief Criteria".
2304:
Welch S, Klassen C, Borisova O, Clothier H (2013). "The DSM-5 controversies: How should psychologists respond?".
1997:
First M, Rebello T, Keeley J, Bhargava R, Dai Y, Kulygina M, Matsumoto C, Robles R, Stona A, Reed G (June 2018).
1783:
1161:
1131:
1116:
987:
979:
606:
4323:
3104:
6271:
6256:
5982:
5707:
2915:
1985:
A survey of nearly 5,000 international psychiatrists ... DSM-IV use was nearly universal in the United States.
1154:
806:
744:
4939:
4452:
5977:
5921:
5916:
5844:
5760:
5755:
5732:
5727:
5702:
5528:
Epistemological reflections about the crisis of the DSM-5 and the revolutionary potential of the RDoC project
4505:
4270:
4212:
3912:"APA Releases Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)"
3571:
1845:
1815:
1635:
1301:
These conditions and criteria are set forth to encourage future research and are not meant for clinical use.
1146:
1092:
983:
490:
3330:
612:
Specifiers were added for mixed symptoms and for anxiety, along with guidance to physicians for suicidality.
5795:
5248:
4930:
3379:
3271:
765:
412:
148:
4413:
3702:
2939:
1999:"Do mental health professionals use diagnostic classifications the way we think they do? A global survey"
1757:
that 60% of the American physicians contributing to the revised edition received payments from industry.
667:
5504:. National Institute of Mental Health and American Psychiatric Association. May 13, 2013. Archived from
3189:
1553:
diagnostic codes for specifying levels of suicidality and nonsuicidal self-injury for mental disorders.
6350:
4754:"Task Force questions critical appointments to APA's Committee on Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders"
4116:"Prolonged grief disorder recognized as official diagnosis. Here's what to know about chronic mourning"
2206:"Pharmacological Treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
534:
516:
5563:
5041:
1008:
are each a disorder, instead of both being listed under "dyssomnia not otherwise specified" in DSM-IV.
6080:
5608:
3656:
3329:. American Psychiatric Publishing. American Psychiatric Association. 2013. p. 16. Archived from
1732:
920:
562:
561:, bipolar disorder NED (not elsewhere defined, previously called "NOS", not otherwise specified) and
279:
1770:
for pathologizing an unhelpful number of people that a psychiatric diagnosis is not beneficial for.
1525:
A revision of DSM-5, titled DSM-5-TR, was published in March 2022, updating diagnostic criteria and
919:"Feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood", a rarely used diagnosis in DSM-IV, was renamed to
6092:
6075:
5225:
3017:
Karam EG, Andrews, G., Bromet, E., Petukhova, M., Ruscio, A. M., Salamoun, M., et al. (2010).
1878:
1611:
1587:
1560:
1534:
1328:
1127:
moved to this chapter from the DSM-IV chapter "Impulse-Control Disorders Not Otherwise Specified".
1108:
1046:
850:
821:
706:
523:
438:
5564:"DSM-5 Update: Supplement to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition"
5551:
3572:"A Research Agenda for DSM-V: Summary of the DSM-V Preplanning White Papers Published in May 2002"
3245:
431:), and a new condition characterized by impaired social verbal and nonverbal communication called
5750:
3934:"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR™)"
1671:
1639:
1362:
1355:
661:
397:
366:
330:
326:
5165:
5159:
3736:
3546:
3540:
3073:
3067:
6070:
6049:
2722:
2716:
1264:
New specifiers "in a controlled environment" and "in remission" were added to criteria for all
1005:
470:"Specific Learning Disorder" encompasses shortcomings in academic skill development, including
404:
5007:
2550:
2544:
1932:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)
895:
842:
757:
424:
420:
293:
1718:, can be treated by encouraging gender expression in line with their anatomy." According to
1956:
1828:
1361:
About 68% of DSM-5 task-force members and 56% of panel members reported having ties to the
1317:
1265:
1247:
1189:
1179:
799:
775:
727:
519:, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual) in favor of a severity-based rating approach.
8:
6327:
4579:
4354:
4239:
2824:
Friedman MJ, Resick, P. A., Bryant, R. A., Strain, J., Horowitz, M., Spiegel, D. (2011).
1601:
1569:
1344:
1276:
1205:
along with new specifiers for "in a controlled environment" and "on maintenance therapy".
969:
889:
871:
857:
558:
530:
240:
20:
4865:
4838:
4482:
1209:
There are no more polysubstance diagnoses in DSM-5; the substance(s) must be specified.
747:(PTSD) is now included in a new section titled "Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders."
6340:
6057:
5471:
5125:
4983:
4950:
4913:
4814:
4787:
4761:
4541:
4244:
4169:
4092:
4059:
4008:
3681:
3475:
3043:
3018:
2999:
2907:
2855:
2663:
2630:
2286:
2238:
2205:
2186:
2129:
2073:
2048:
2023:
1998:
1691:
1565:
1226:
795:
554:
228:
201:
5577:
3466:
2165:
2148:
2064:
6276:
5169:
5117:
5013:
4988:
4970:
4933:
4905:
4870:
4819:
4664:
4596:
4173:
4161:
4123:
4097:
4079:
4012:
4000:
3992:
3849:
3761:
3673:
3625:
3615:
3550:
3480:
3428:
3160:"DSM-5 redefines hypochondriasis — For Medical Professionals — Mayo Clinic"
3077:
3048:
2991:
2956:
2899:
2847:
2726:
2668:
2650:
2554:
2348:
2290:
2278:
2243:
2225:
2190:
2178:
2170:
2121:
2113:
2078:
2028:
1976:
1935:
1909:
1889:
1476:
1175:
827:
Patients that present with chronic pain can now be diagnosed with the mental illness
693:
593:
498:
446:
408:
267:
133:
121:
4917:
3685:
3003:
2911:
2859:
2133:
1868:
director Thomas R. Insel, MD, wrote in an April 29, 2013 blog post about the DSM-5:
1669:
divisions endorsed the petition. In a November 2011 article about the debate in the
5129:
5113:
5109:
4978:
4962:
4897:
4860:
4850:
4839:"Undisclosed financial conflicts of interest in DSM-5-TR: cross sectional analysis"
4809:
4799:
4669:
4220:
4153:
4087:
4071:
3984:
3964:
3839:
3753:
3737:"Somatic Presentations of Mental Disorders: Refining the Research Agenda for DSM-V"
3665:
3470:
3462:
3420:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3019:"The Role of Criterion A2 in the DSM-IV Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"
2983:
2948:
2889:
2837:
2658:
2642:
2344:
2340:
2313:
2270:
2233:
2217:
2160:
2105:
2068:
2060:
2018:
2010:
1968:
1573:
1507:
1112:
1096:
1072:
1065:
909:
699:
671:
288:
159:
5328:"Federal institute for mental health abandons controversial 'bible' of psychiatry"
3603:
1780:
Treatment and Research Advancements National Association for Personality Disorders
5534:
5527:
4804:
4575:
4399:
4379:
4361:
4285:
4277:
3757:
2109:
1741:
1715:
1695:
1374:
1194:
1185:
973:
958:
902:
885:
271:
256:
248:
4951:"Mental Health Challenges Related to Neoliberal Capitalism in the United States"
3513:
3350:
3297:
2772:
2746:
2261:
Wakefield JC (May 22, 2013). "DSM-5: An Overview of Changes and Controversies".
1339:
In 1999, a DSM-5 Research Planning Conference, sponsored jointly by APA and the
360:
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
245:
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
6244:
6102:
4966:
4224:
4058:
First MB, Yousif LH, Clarke DE, Wang PS, Gogtay N, Appelbaum PS (May 7, 2022).
3219:
2875:
2798:
2603:
2577:
2221:
1882:
1707:
1378:
964:
There are now three breathing-related sleep disorders: obstructive sleep apnea
674:
are now classified as anxiety disorders (rather than disorders of early onset).
647:
482:
442:
343:
252:
4372:
3988:
2987:
2274:
1091:
Some of these disorders were formerly part of the chapter on early diagnosis,
1078:
Subtypes of gender identity disorder based on sexual orientation were deleted.
6381:
6260:
4974:
4392:
4165:
4127:
4083:
3996:
3432:
2654:
2282:
2229:
2174:
2117:
1980:
1972:
1711:
1662:
1658:
1643:
853:, a diagnosis which no longer requires a specific number of somatic symptoms.
512:
275:
4855:
4593:
The DSM-5 in Perspective: Philosophical Reflections on the Psychiatric Babel
4414:"A Warning Sign on the Road to DSM-V: Beware of Its Unintended Consequences"
4157:
3629:
2823:
1877:
Insel also discussed an NIMH effort to develop a new classification system,
1751:
6208:
5164:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp.
5121:
4992:
4909:
4874:
4823:
4281:
4101:
4004:
3870:
3853:
3765:
3677:
3545:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp.
3484:
3052:
2995:
2960:
2903:
2851:
2721:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp.
2672:
2549:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp.
2352:
2247:
2182:
2125:
2082:
2032:
861:
641:
494:
3072:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. p.
2936:
1857:, an alternative, dimensional framework for classifying mental disorders.
140:
6018:
3844:
3827:
1737:
1665:
professionals signed a petition in support of the letter. Thirteen other
1201:
withdrawal were added. New specifiers were added for early and sustained
1124:
1040:
651:
475:
16:
2013 edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
1502:
657:
Specific types of phobias became specifiers but are otherwise unchanged.
3828:"Developing Unbiased Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines in Psychiatry"
3424:
3016:
1280:
1272:
1036:
954:
913:
505:
428:
297:
296:
as a discrete eating disorder; the renaming and reconceptualization of
5425:"Mental Health Researchers Reject Psychiatry's New Diagnostic 'Bible'"
4931:"Toward Credible Conflict of Interest Policies in Clinical Psychiatry"
4901:
4887:
4075:
3669:
2952:
2646:
2014:
1071:
DSM-IV's gender identity disorder is similar to, but not the same as,
526:(for a majority of the disorder's duration after criterion A is met).
6303:
6158:
5637:
4696:
3604:
Kupfer, David J., First, Michael B., Regier, Darrel A., eds. (2002),
2894:
2842:
2825:
2317:
2146:
1888:
In May 2013, Insel, on behalf of NIMH, issued a joint statement with
1803:
1591:
1526:
1120:
1086:
616:
540:
175:
4324:"DSM-V Task Force Member Disclosure Report: Darrel Alvin Regier M.D"
3933:
2877:
1955:
Clark LA, Cuthbert B, Lewis-Fernández R, Narrow WE, Reed GM (2017).
214:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
5775:
5092:
4444:
3714:
3633:
1903:
1799:
1218:
1198:
1021:
For females, sexual desire and arousal disorders are combined into
965:
950:
753:
Separate criteria were added for children six years old or younger.
471:
236:
188:
4475:"Professor co-authors letter about America's mental health manual"
3583:
2826:"Classification of trauma and stressor-related disorders in DSM-5"
2631:"Changes in the Definition of ADHD in DSM-5: Subtle but Important"
1954:
1701:
1396:
1322:
Neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure
1160:
People over the disorder's minimum age of 6 may be diagnosed with
6298:
5095:"The case for shifting borderline personality disorder to Axis I"
2876:
Friedman MJ, Resick, P. A., Bryant, R. A., Brewin, C. R. (2011).
2799:"A Guide to DSM-5: Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)"
2773:"A Guide to DSM-5: Removal of the Bereavement Exclusion From MDD"
1687:
1222:
995:
634:
575:
5277:. National Institute of Mental Health. June 2011. Archived from
5157:
3538:
3065:
2714:
2542:
1929:
609:
moved from an appendix for further study, and became a disorder.
6307:
6131:
6126:
5661:
5496:
5494:
4299:"DSM-V Task Force Member Disclosure Report: David J Kupfer, MD"
2045:
1853:
Many of the same criticisms also led to the development of the
1706:
The appointment, in May 2008, of two of the taskforce members,
1646:, chair of the DSM-IV task force, expressed a similar concern.
1546:
630:
359:
244:
5573:. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. September 2016.
5467:"Psychiatry's Guide Is Out of Touch With Science, Experts Say"
4836:
1773:
41:
6317:
6153:
6136:
3130:"Diagnostic Ethics: Harms/Benefits, Somatic Symptom Disorder"
2973:
2203:
678:
589:
441:
is a new diagnosis that incorporates the former diagnoses of
134:
5491:
3967:, Kendler KS (November 1, 2021). "Iterative Revision of the
2303:
1782:(TARA-APD) campaigned to change the name and designation of
1694:. The goal is to make more reliable and valid diagnoses for
1287:
1169:
385:
5537:
Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences 7: 11-20
5033:
4219:. Vol. 49, no. 22. November 21, 2014. p. 1.
2095:
1202:
5093:
New A, Triebwasser Joseph, Charney Dennis (October 2008).
3962:
3410:
1996:
1545:. Prolonged grief disorder, which had been present in the
833:
psychological factors that affect other medical conditions
764:
Two new disorders that were formerly subtypes were named:
160:
3653:
2330:
1809:
1752:
Financial Conflicts of Interest and Perverse Dependencies
738:
720:
other specified obsessive-compulsive and related disorder
5354:"National Institute of Mental Health abandoning the DSM"
3825:
3514:"A Guide to DSM-5: Paraphilias and Paraphilic Disorders"
1934:. Washington, DC, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
874:(functional neurological symptom disorder) were changed.
814:
619:
now also would be called persistent depressive disorder.
455:
pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
5607:
5555:
5380:"Psychiatry divided as mental health 'bible' denounced"
3697:
3695:
1271:
A distinction is made between paraphilic behaviors, or
4648:
3795:"Reliability and Prevalence in the DSM-5 Field Trials"
1860:
553:
New specifier "with mixed features" can be applied to
6388:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
5224:. National Institute of Mental Health. Archived from
5161:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
4060:"DSM-5-TR: overview of what's new and what's changed"
4057:
3542:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
3069:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
2718:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
2546:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
1427:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
732:
unspecified obsessive-compulsive and related disorder
224:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
72:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
28:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
4785:
4271:
Psychiatrists Propose Revisions to Diagnosis Manual.
3692:
3448:"Milestones in the History of Personality Disorders"
1899:
1101:
disruptive behavior disorder not otherwise specified
892:
were changed and can now refer to people of any age.
506:
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
5190:"British Psychological Society Response, June 2011"
4537:"Psychiatry Manual Drafters Back Down on Diagnoses"
3826:Cosgrove L, Bursztajn HJ, Krimsky S (May 7, 2009).
1105:
other specified and unspecified disruptive disorder
688:and related disorders includes four new disorders:
459:
Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome § DSM-5 changes
5554:. American Psychiatric Association. Archived from
5275:"NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) (Draft 3.1)"
4745:
4649:Flanagan C, Jarvis M, Liddle R, Russel J, Wood M.
4288:on some of the main changes proposed to the DSM-5)
2536:
1087:Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders
912:were changed; there is no longer a requirement of
278:; the deletion of the "bereavement exclusion" for
5406:"Did the NIMH Withdraw Support for the DSM-5? No"
4663:
4329:. American Psychiatric Association. May 2, 2011.
4240:"Psychiatrists Revise the Book of Human Troubles"
1583:alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders
1308:Depressive episodes with short-duration hypomania
6379:
4929:Cosgrove L, Bursztajn HJ, Kupfer DJ, Regier DA.
4618:"Deviant deviance": Cultural diversity in DSM-5"
3246:"P 01 Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents or Adults"
2708:
2578:"A Guide to DSM-5: Neurodevelopmental Disorders"
2254:
1437:Classification and diagnosis of mental disorders
547:
342:The DSM-5 is divided into three sections, using
82:Classification and diagnosis of mental disorders
3324:"Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5"
2516:"Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5"
1702:Gender and Sexual Identity Disorders work group
1296:
878:
390:
4751:
2871:
2869:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
1930:American Psychiatric Association, ed. (2022).
1543:stimulant-induced mild neurocognitive disorder
1142:is listed under neurodevelopmental disorders).
6034:
5834:
5593:
4590:
4355:DSM-5 Overview: The Future Manual | APA DSM-5
4150:Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
3713:, DSM-V Research White Papers, archived from
2604:"A Guide to DSM-5: Autism Spectrum Disorders"
2380:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
1138:in the chapter on personality disorders (but
5867:Personality disorder not otherwise specified
5464:
4881:
4528:
4284:, February 10, 2010 (interviews Frances and
3532:
2628:
2572:
2570:
1961:Psychological Science in the Public Interest
1533:were changed, along with adding entries for
570:other specified bipolar and related disorder
417:mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
403:Speech or language disorders are now called
5064:"TARA Association for Personality Disorder"
4781:
4779:
4568:New DSM-5 Ignores Biology of Mental Illness
4506:"Revision of psychiatric manual under fire"
4503:
4027:"Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder"
3351:"A Guide to DSM-5: Neurocognitive Disorder"
2866:
1788:How Advocacy is Bringing BPD into the Light
1774:Borderline personality disorder controversy
1698:subject to significant cultural variation.
1212:
1018:DSM-5 has sex-specific sexual dysfunctions.
644:became a specifier for all DSM-5 disorders.
533:changed, and it is no longer separate from
6048:
6041:
6027:
5600:
5586:
4716:
4714:
4373:Registration page for DSM-5 public comment
4264:
3385:. American Psychiatric Association. 2013.
3298:"A Guide to DSM-5: Substance Use Disorder"
2359:
1395:
1002:Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
679:Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
282:; the renaming and reconceptualization of
40:
5299:
5158:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
4982:
4864:
4854:
4830:
4813:
4803:
4686:
4231:
4091:
3843:
3539:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
3474:
3413:Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
3374:
3372:
3220:"A Guide to DSM-5: Binge Eating Disorder"
3066:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
3042:
2893:
2841:
2715:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
2662:
2567:
2543:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
2260:
2237:
2164:
2098:International Clinical Psychopharmacology
2072:
2022:
1579:Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
1556:Other changed mental disorders included:
1531:avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
1288:Section III: emerging measures and models
1170:Substance-related and addictive disorders
921:avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
788:Depersonalization disorder is now called
782:
433:social (pragmatic) communication disorder
386:Section II: diagnostic criteria and codes
4776:
4682:
4680:
3871:"About DSM-5 Frequently Asked Questions"
2747:"A Guide to DSM-5: Mixed-Mood Specifier"
2629:Epstein JN, Loren RE (October 1, 2013).
1855:Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology
1767:economic inequality in the United States
1690:identity may be affecting expression of
1368:
1241:
927:
790:depersonalization derealization disorder
465:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
5251:. National Institute of Mental Health.
5005:
4786:Cosgrove L, Drimsky Lisa (March 2012).
4720:
4711:
4455:from the original on September 15, 2011
4411:
3881:from the original on September 25, 2011
3865:
3863:
3190:"Justina Pelletier: The Case Continues"
2805:from the original on September 18, 2017
1923:
1311:Persistent complex bereavement disorder
1258:
1033:genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
1023:female sexual interest/arousal disorder
940:
770:disinhibited social engagement disorder
705:A specifier was expanded (and added to
603:(DMDD) for children up to age 18 years.
582:
515:were removed from the DSM-5 (paranoid,
400:(intellectual developmental disorder)".
6380:
5479:from the original on November 13, 2013
5044:from the original on November 22, 2009
4615:
4516:from the original on November 27, 2011
4311:from the original on December 26, 2010
4213:"Update: Exams to Transition to DSM-5"
4188:"Updates to DSM-5 Criteria & Text"
3899:
3775:from the original on February 28, 2008
3734:
3369:
3200:from the original on December 25, 2014
3170:from the original on February 23, 2015
3140:from the original on December 14, 2020
2918:from the original on February 15, 2020
1810:British Psychological Society response
1607:Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
1012:
739:Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
601:disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
337:
6022:
5581:
4948:
4677:
4534:
4424:from the original on October 26, 2012
4252:from the original on December 7, 2016
4237:
4053:
4051:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3569:
3445:
3392:from the original on October 19, 2013
3059:
980:Circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders
822:somatic symptom and related disorders
815:Somatic symptom and related disorders
592:exclusion in DSM-IV was removed from
522:A major mood episode is required for
427:), childhood-onset fluency disorder (
231:and diagnostic tool published by the
5009:DSM: A History of Psychiatry's Bible
4442:
4304:. American Psychiatric Association.
3860:
3274:. American Psychiatric Association.
3248:. American Psychiatric Association.
847:undifferentiated somatoform disorder
820:Somatoform disorders are now called
623:
19:For the album of the same name, see
5609:Personality disorder classification
4758:National Gay and Lesbian Task Force
4723:"Flap Flares Over Gender Diagnosis"
4481:. December 12, 2011. Archived from
4336:from the original on March 14, 2012
3278:from the original on March 14, 2012
3272:"P 00 Gender Dysphoria in Children"
3252:from the original on March 15, 2012
1866:National Institute of Mental Health
1861:National Institute of Mental Health
1597:Intellectual developmental disorder
1529:codes. The diagnostic criteria for
1463:Print (hardcover, softcover); eBook
1341:National Institute of Mental Health
1059:
690:excoriation (skin-picking) disorder
487:developmental coordination disorder
369:(NOS) categories with two options:
235:(APA). In 2022, a revised version (
108:Print (hardcover, softcover); eBook
13:
5502:"DSM-5 and RDoC: Shared Interests"
5465:Belluck P, Carey B (May 6, 2013).
4180:
4048:
3951:
3926:
3520:from the original on June 19, 2013
3455:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
3357:from the original on June 10, 2013
2779:from the original on June 19, 2013
1667:American Psychological Association
396:"Mental retardation" was renamed "
255:in its title, as well as the only
14:
6399:
5886:Negativistic (passive–aggressive)
5544:
5453:from the original on June 7, 2013
5431:from the original on May 22, 2013
5386:from the original on June 4, 2013
5360:from the original on June 5, 2013
5334:from the original on June 6, 2013
5308:from the original on May 26, 2013
5255:from the original on May 29, 2013
5246:
5139:from the original on July 9, 2013
4752:Sarda-Sorensen I (May 28, 2008).
4549:from the original on May 12, 2012
4504:Erin Allday (November 26, 2011).
4445:"The Diagnostic Madness of DSM-V"
3304:from the original on June 9, 2013
3226:from the original on June 9, 2013
2753:from the original on June 7, 2013
2610:from the original on June 7, 2013
2584:from the original on June 7, 2013
451:childhood disintegrative disorder
312:disorders not otherwise specified
274:; the elimination of subtypes of
5412:from the original on May 8, 2013
4890:Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
4192:American Psychiatric Association
4034:American Psychiatric Association
3938:American Psychiatric Association
3875:American Psychiatric Association
3711:American Psychiatric Association
3612:American Psychiatric Association
3580:American Psychiatric Association
2694:American Psychiatric Association
2523:American Psychiatric Association
1902:
1408:American Psychiatric Association
1354:The DSM-5 field trials included
1231:Substance/medication-induced NCD
724:body-focused repetitive behavior
233:American Psychiatric Association
53:American Psychiatric Association
5520:
5398:
5372:
5346:
5320:
5293:
5267:
5240:
5214:
5182:
5151:
5086:
5056:
5026:
4999:
4955:Community Mental Health Journal
4923:
4657:
4642:
4609:
4584:
4560:
4497:
4467:
4436:
4405:
4385:
4366:
4348:
4291:
4205:
4141:
4108:
4019:
3904:
3893:
3832:New England Journal of Medicine
3819:
3787:
3728:
3647:
3597:
3563:
3506:
3467:10.31887/DCNS.2013.15.2/macrocq
3439:
3404:
3343:
3316:
3290:
3264:
3238:
3212:
3182:
3152:
3122:
3090:
3010:
2967:
2930:
2817:
2791:
2765:
2739:
2679:
2622:
2596:
1784:borderline personality disorder
1162:intermittent explosive disorder
1132:Antisocial personality disorder
1117:Intermittent explosive disorder
607:Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
270:from a distinct disorder to an
5114:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.020
5006:Horwitz AV (August 17, 2021).
4651:Psychology for A level, Year 2
3035:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.032
2525:. May 17, 2013. Archived from
2345:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12070999
2333:American Journal of Psychiatry
2297:
2197:
2140:
2089:
1948:
1334:
1155:callous and unemotional traits
807:dissociative identity disorder
745:Post traumatic stress disorder
660:The generalized specifier for
654:became two separate disorders.
1:
5408:. PsychCentral. May 7, 2013.
4238:Carey B (December 17, 2008).
3971:: An Interim Report From the
2976:Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
2166:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01997-8
2065:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32802-7
1916:
1846:British Psychological Society
1816:British Psychological Society
1305:Attenuated psychosis syndrome
1147:oppositional defiant disorder
1093:oppositional defiant disorder
984:advanced sleep phase syndrome
923:, and criteria were expanded.
718:There are two new diagnoses:
548:Bipolar and related disorders
491:stereotypic movement disorder
221:), is the 2013 update to the
5850:Self-defeating (masochistic)
5300:Harbinger N (May 22, 2013).
4805:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001190
4687:Alexander B (May 22, 2008).
4591:Demazeux S, Singy P (2015).
3758:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815afbe4
2878:"Considering PTSD for DSM-5"
2687:"Specific Learning Disorder"
2263:Clinical Social Work Journal
2110:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000078
1625:
1297:Conditions for further study
879:Feeding and eating disorders
766:reactive attachment disorder
413:expressive language disorder
391:Neurodevelopmental disorders
349:
7:
5356:. Mind Hacks. May 3, 2013.
4412:Frances A (June 26, 2009).
4398:September 25, 2011, at the
4393:Question 4 on the DSM-5 FAQ
3607:A Research Agenda for DSM-5
2940:Journal of Traumatic Stress
1895:
1384:
992:non-24-hour sleep–wake type
668:Separation anxiety disorder
346:to designate each section.
10:
6404:
4967:10.1007/s10597-021-00840-7
4721:Osborne D (May 15, 2008).
4402:, page found June 5, 2011.
4382:, page found June 5, 2011.
4360:December 17, 2009, at the
4225:10.1176/appi.pn.2014.10a19
3098:"Somatic Symptom Disorder"
2222:10.1007/s40263-021-00855-4
1630:
1325:Suicidal behavior disorder
1063:
831:with predominant pain; or
572:for particular conditions.
535:shared delusional disorder
25:
18:
6359:
6326:
6243:
6172:
6110:
6101:
6056:
5997:Section III (alternative)
5996:
5968:
5935:
5907:
5898:
5873:
5858:
5824:
5804:
5788:
5743:
5693:
5686:
5670:
5656:
5615:
5552:"DSM-V The Future Manual"
4949:Zeira A (February 2022).
4276:January 22, 2014, at the
3989:10.1176/appi.ps.202100013
3703:"DSM-5 Research Planning"
2988:10.1080/10615800902818771
2275:10.1007/s10615-013-0445-2
1733:National LGBTQ Task Force
1539:unspecified mood disorder
1513:
1497:
1487:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1441:
1433:
1421:
1413:
1403:
1394:
988:irregular sleep–wake type
982:were expanded to include
629:For the various forms of
316:other specified disorders
196:
183:
170:
158:
146:
132:
120:
112:
104:
96:
86:
78:
66:
58:
48:
39:
5249:"Transforming Diagnosis"
4653:. Illuminate Publishing.
4443:Lane C (July 24, 2009).
1973:10.1177/1529100617727266
1879:Research Domain Criteria
1617:
1612:Brief psychotic disorder
1561:Autism spectrum disorder
1535:prolonged grief disorder
1329:Non-suicidal self-injury
1318:Internet gaming disorder
1213:Neurocognitive disorders
1109:impulse-control disorder
1047:Sexual aversion disorder
949:Primary insomnia became
851:somatic symptom disorder
849:were combined to become
829:somatic symptom disorder
707:body dysmorphic disorder
524:schizoaffective disorder
439:Autism spectrum disorder
371:other specified disorder
284:gender identity disorder
272:autism spectrum disorder
5616:General classifications
4856:10.1136/bmj-2023-076902
4535:Carey B (May 8, 2012),
4510:San Francisco Chronicle
4158:10.1037/ccp0000720.supp
3380:"Personality Disorders"
1672:San Francisco Chronicle
1640:nondisclosure agreement
1518:DSM-5-TR at APA website
1363:pharmaceutical industry
1356:test-retest reliability
1227:neurocognitive disorder
957:is separate from other
933:No significant changes.
798:became a specifier for
662:social anxiety disorder
405:communication disorders
398:intellectual disability
367:Not Otherwise Specified
331:pharmaceutical industry
327:inter-rater reliability
310:; and the splitting of
6050:Medical classification
5444:"THE RATS OF N.I.M.H."
5330:. Verge. May 3, 2013.
5302:"Goodbye to the DSM-V"
5222:"Director's Biography"
3745:Psychosomatic Medicine
2882:Depression and Anxiety
2830:Depression and Anxiety
1875:
1851:
1729:
1657:In 2011, psychologist
1006:restless legs syndrome
783:Dissociative disorders
5874:Appendix B (proposed)
5558:on November 19, 2008.
5533:June 2, 2015, at the
5427:. Time. May 7, 2013.
4574:May 10, 2018, at the
4479:Point Park University
4122:. September 8, 2022.
3975:Steering Committee".
3707:DSM-V Prelude Project
3576:DSM-V Prelude Project
3336:on October 19, 2013.
3023:Biological Psychiatry
2532:on February 26, 2015.
1870:
1833:
1724:
1369:Revisions and updates
1314:Caffeine use disorder
1279:is listed instead of
1242:Personality disorders
1225:became major or mild
1064:Further information:
928:Elimination disorders
896:Binge eating disorder
843:Somatization disorder
758:acute stress disorder
756:For the diagnosis of
425:phonological disorder
421:speech sound disorder
320:unspecified disorders
306:; the removal of the
294:binge eating disorder
241:health care providers
26:Further information:
6328:Pharmaceutical codes
5988:Obsessive-compulsive
5937:Cluster B (dramatic)
5718:Emotionally unstable
4630:on December 20, 2016
4378:May 1, 2011, at the
3977:Psychiatric Services
3845:10.1056/NEJMc0810237
3636:on December 13, 2007
3610:, Washington, D.C.:
2059:(10128): 1357–1366.
1890:Jeffrey A. Lieberman
1848:, June 2011 response
1786:in DSM-5. The paper
1590:with short-duration
1345:Relational Disorders
1266:paraphilic disorders
1259:Paraphilic disorders
1248:Personality disorder
1190:substance dependence
1180:tobacco use disorder
972:, and sleep-related
941:Sleep–wake disorders
800:dissociative amnesia
776:Adjustment disorders
728:obsessional jealousy
722:, which can include
686:obsessive-compulsive
583:Depressive disorders
481:A new sub-category,
375:unspecified disorder
304:paraphilic disorders
280:depressive disorders
6058:Topographical codes
5970:Cluster C (anxious)
5304:. Huffington Post.
5074:on October 20, 2014
4733:on October 24, 2008
4699:on December 5, 2013
4580:Scientific American
3807:on January 31, 2012
3110:on November 2, 2013
2306:Canadian Psychology
1602:Delusional disorder
1588:Depressive episodes
1570:Bipolar II disorder
1391:
1277:pedophilic disorder
1031:A new diagnosis is
1013:Sexual dysfunctions
970:central sleep apnea
890:rumination disorder
872:conversion disorder
858:conversion disorder
837:adjustment disorder
596:disorders in DSM-5.
559:bipolar II disorder
531:delusional disorder
365:DSM-5 replaces the
338:Changes from DSM-IV
292:; the inclusion of
36:
21:Blood from the Soul
5771:Passive–aggressive
5703:Anxious (avoidant)
5526:Aragona M. (2014)
5472:The New York Times
4542:The New York Times
4245:The New York Times
3735:Regier DA (2007).
3494:on August 21, 2016
3425:10.1111/cpsp.12073
2159:(10327): 824–836.
1692:signs and symptoms
1566:Bipolar I disorder
1389:
1237:are new diagnoses.
864:(false pregnancy).
796:Dissociative fugue
555:bipolar I disorder
259:version of a DSM.
34:
6375:
6374:
6239:
6238:
6016:
6015:
6012:
6011:
6008:
6007:
5894:
5893:
5820:
5819:
5784:
5783:
5660:classifications (
5382:. New Scientist.
5202:on April 17, 2016
5175:978-0-89042-555-8
5019:978-1-4214-4069-9
4934:Psychiatric Times
4902:10.1159/000091772
4665:Lou Chibbaro, Jr.
4616:Murphy D (2015).
4602:978-94-017-9764-1
4485:on March 29, 2012
4418:Psychiatric Times
4076:10.1002/wps.20989
3983:(11): 1348–1349.
3838:(19): 2035–2036.
3717:on April 24, 2008
3670:10.1159/000065139
3621:978-0-89042-292-2
3586:on April 13, 2008
3570:First MB (2002),
3556:978-0-89042-555-8
3446:Crocq MA (2013).
3196:. April 4, 2014.
3083:978-0-89042-555-8
2953:10.1002/jts.20336
2732:978-0-89042-555-8
2647:10.2217/npy.13.59
2560:978-0-89042-555-8
2216:(10): 1053–1067.
2015:10.1002/wps.20525
1941:978-0-89042-575-6
1910:Psychiatry portal
1720:The Gay City News
1574:bipolar disorders
1523:
1522:
1482:978-0-89042-576-3
1452:Publication place
1223:amnestic disorder
1176:Gambling disorder
1113:conduct disorders
951:insomnia disorder
908:The criteria for
901:Requirements for
805:The criteria for
694:hoarding disorder
684:A new chapter on
624:Anxiety disorders
499:Tourette syndrome
447:Asperger disorder
409:language disorder
268:Asperger syndrome
209:
208:
127:978-0-89042-554-1
97:Publication place
6395:
6245:Procedural codes
6177:
6115:
6108:
6107:
6103:Diagnostic codes
6043:
6036:
6029:
6020:
6019:
5905:
5904:
5871:
5870:
5832:
5831:
5691:
5690:
5668:
5667:
5602:
5595:
5588:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5571:PsychiatryOnline
5568:
5559:
5538:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5508:on April 4, 2014
5498:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5484:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5449:. May 16, 2013.
5440:
5438:
5436:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5391:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5260:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5201:
5195:. Archived from
5194:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5138:
5102:Biol. Psychiatry
5099:
5090:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5070:. Archived from
5060:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5030:
5024:
5023:
5003:
4997:
4996:
4986:
4946:
4937:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4868:
4858:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4817:
4807:
4783:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4764:on July 25, 2012
4760:. Archived from
4749:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4729:. Archived from
4718:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4695:. Archived from
4684:
4675:
4674:
4670:Washington Blade
4661:
4655:
4654:
4646:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4629:
4623:. Archived from
4622:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4588:
4582:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4532:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4490:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4409:
4403:
4389:
4383:
4370:
4364:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4335:
4328:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4310:
4303:
4295:
4289:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4217:Psychiatric News
4209:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4095:
4064:World Psychiatry
4055:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4031:
4023:
4017:
4016:
3960:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3914:. March 18, 2022
3908:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3867:
3858:
3857:
3847:
3823:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3806:
3800:. Archived from
3799:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3741:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3699:
3690:
3689:
3664:(2–3): 166–170.
3651:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3632:, archived from
3601:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3582:, archived from
3567:
3561:
3560:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3516:. Medscape.com.
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3493:
3487:. Archived from
3478:
3452:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3384:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3353:. Medscape.com.
3347:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3328:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3300:. Medscape.com.
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3222:. Medscape.com.
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3134:Psychology Today
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3103:. Archived from
3102:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3046:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2897:
2895:10.1002/da.20767
2873:
2864:
2863:
2845:
2843:10.1002/da.20845
2821:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2801:. Medscape.com.
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2775:. Medscape.com.
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2749:. Medscape.com.
2743:
2737:
2736:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2691:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2666:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2606:. Medscape.com.
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2580:. Medscape.com.
2574:
2565:
2564:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2520:
2512:
2357:
2356:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2318:10.1037/a0033841
2301:
2295:
2294:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2241:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2168:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2076:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2026:
2003:World Psychiatry
1994:
1988:
1987:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1927:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1883:sensationalistic
1849:
1508:Internet Archive
1488:Preceded by
1443:Publication date
1399:
1392:
1388:
1097:conduct disorder
1073:gender dysphoria
1066:Gender dysphoria
1060:Gender dysphoria
910:anorexia nervosa
700:Trichotillomania
672:selective mutism
511:All subtypes of
308:five-axis system
289:gender dysphoria
184:Followed by
171:Preceded by
162:
136:
88:Publication date
44:
37:
33:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6393:
6392:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6371:
6355:
6322:
6235:
6173:
6168:
6111:
6097:
6052:
6047:
6017:
6004:
6002:Trait specified
5992:
5964:
5931:
5909:Cluster A (odd)
5890:
5869:
5854:
5828:classifications
5816:
5800:
5780:
5739:
5682:
5652:
5611:
5606:
5566:
5562:
5550:
5547:
5542:
5541:
5535:Wayback Machine
5525:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5500:
5499:
5492:
5482:
5480:
5463:
5456:
5454:
5442:
5441:
5434:
5432:
5423:
5422:
5415:
5413:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5389:
5387:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5361:
5352:
5351:
5347:
5337:
5335:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5311:
5309:
5298:
5294:
5284:
5282:
5281:on June 1, 2013
5273:
5272:
5268:
5258:
5256:
5245:
5241:
5231:
5229:
5228:on May 23, 2013
5220:
5219:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5176:
5156:
5152:
5142:
5140:
5136:
5097:
5091:
5087:
5077:
5075:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5047:
5045:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5020:
5004:
5000:
4947:
4940:
4928:
4924:
4886:
4882:
4835:
4831:
4798:(3): e1001190.
4784:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4750:
4746:
4736:
4734:
4719:
4712:
4702:
4700:
4685:
4678:
4662:
4658:
4647:
4643:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4620:
4614:
4610:
4603:
4589:
4585:
4576:Wayback Machine
4565:
4561:
4552:
4550:
4545:, nytimes.com,
4533:
4529:
4519:
4517:
4502:
4498:
4488:
4486:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4458:
4456:
4441:
4437:
4427:
4425:
4410:
4406:
4400:Wayback Machine
4390:
4386:
4380:Wayback Machine
4371:
4367:
4362:Wayback Machine
4353:
4349:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4326:
4322:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4286:Alan Schatzberg
4278:Wayback Machine
4269:
4265:
4255:
4253:
4236:
4232:
4211:
4210:
4206:
4196:
4194:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4132:
4130:
4120:Washington Post
4114:
4113:
4109:
4056:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4020:
3961:
3952:
3942:
3940:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3917:
3915:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3894:
3884:
3882:
3869:
3868:
3861:
3824:
3820:
3810:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3739:
3733:
3729:
3720:
3718:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3657:Psychopathology
3652:
3648:
3639:
3637:
3622:
3602:
3598:
3589:
3587:
3568:
3564:
3557:
3537:
3533:
3523:
3521:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3450:
3444:
3440:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3360:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3333:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3279:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3173:
3171:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3084:
3064:
3060:
3015:
3011:
2972:
2968:
2935:
2931:
2921:
2919:
2874:
2867:
2822:
2818:
2808:
2806:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2733:
2713:
2709:
2699:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2635:Neuropsychiatry
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2360:
2329:
2325:
2302:
2298:
2259:
2255:
2202:
2198:
2145:
2141:
2094:
2090:
2044:
2040:
1995:
1991:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1908:
1901:
1898:
1863:
1850:
1844:
1812:
1776:
1754:
1742:gender variance
1716:gender identity
1704:
1633:
1628:
1620:
1460:Media type
1444:
1387:
1371:
1337:
1299:
1290:
1261:
1244:
1235:unspecified NCD
1215:
1186:Substance abuse
1172:
1134:is listed here
1089:
1068:
1062:
1035:which combines
1015:
974:hypoventilation
959:hypersomnolence
943:
930:
903:bulimia nervosa
881:
817:
785:
741:
681:
626:
585:
550:
508:
483:motor disorders
407:—which include
393:
388:
352:
340:
257:living document
151:
105:Media type
89:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6401:
6391:
6390:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6369:
6363:
6361:
6360:Outcomes codes
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6285:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6264:
6249:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6211:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6180:
6178:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6118:
6116:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6062:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6046:
6045:
6038:
6031:
6023:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5974:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5941:
5939:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5913:
5911:
5902:
5896:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5883:
5877:
5875:
5865:
5863:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5839:
5829:
5822:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5776:Psychoneurotic
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5747:
5745:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5694:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5674:
5672:
5665:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5612:
5605:
5604:
5597:
5590:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5560:
5546:
5545:External links
5543:
5540:
5539:
5519:
5490:
5447:The New Yorker
5397:
5371:
5345:
5319:
5292:
5266:
5239:
5213:
5181:
5174:
5150:
5085:
5055:
5025:
5018:
4998:
4961:(2): 205–212.
4938:
4922:
4896:(3): 154–160,
4880:
4829:
4775:
4744:
4710:
4676:
4656:
4641:
4608:
4601:
4583:
4559:
4527:
4496:
4466:
4435:
4404:
4384:
4365:
4347:
4290:
4263:
4230:
4204:
4179:
4140:
4107:
4070:(2): 218–219.
4047:
4018:
3963:Appelbaum PS,
3950:
3925:
3903:
3892:
3859:
3818:
3786:
3752:(9): 827–828.
3727:
3691:
3646:
3620:
3596:
3562:
3555:
3531:
3505:
3438:
3419:(3): 245–261.
3403:
3368:
3342:
3315:
3289:
3263:
3237:
3211:
3194:Mad In America
3181:
3164:mayoclinic.org
3151:
3121:
3089:
3082:
3058:
3029:(5): 465–473.
3009:
2982:(1): 119–126.
2966:
2947:(3): 301–308.
2929:
2888:(9): 750–769.
2865:
2836:(9): 737–749.
2816:
2790:
2764:
2738:
2731:
2707:
2678:
2641:(5): 455–458.
2621:
2595:
2566:
2559:
2535:
2358:
2323:
2312:(3): 166–175.
2296:
2269:(2): 139–154.
2253:
2196:
2139:
2104:(4): 183–192.
2088:
2038:
2009:(2): 187–195.
1989:
1983:. p. 80:
1947:
1940:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1897:
1894:
1862:
1859:
1842:
1811:
1808:
1775:
1772:
1753:
1750:
1708:Kenneth Zucker
1703:
1700:
1636:Robert Spitzer
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1572:, and related
1563:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1447:March 18, 2022
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1386:
1383:
1379:Roman numerals
1370:
1367:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1269:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1183:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:consequences".
1158:
1151:
1143:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1029:
1026:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
999:
977:
962:
947:
942:
939:
938:
937:
934:
929:
926:
925:
924:
917:
906:
899:
893:
880:
877:
876:
875:
868:
865:
854:
840:
825:
816:
813:
812:
811:
803:
793:
784:
781:
780:
779:
773:
762:
754:
751:
748:
740:
737:
736:
735:
716:
713:
710:
703:
697:
680:
677:
676:
675:
665:
658:
655:
648:Panic disorder
645:
639:
625:
622:
621:
620:
613:
610:
604:
597:
584:
581:
580:
579:
573:
566:
549:
546:
545:
544:
538:
527:
520:
507:
504:
503:
502:
485:, encompasses
479:
468:
462:
457:(PDD-NOS)—see
443:classic autism
436:
401:
392:
389:
387:
384:
351:
348:
344:Roman numerals
339:
336:
249:Arabic numeral
207:
206:
198:
194:
193:
185:
181:
180:
172:
168:
167:
164:
156:
155:
152:
147:
144:
143:
138:
130:
129:
124:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6400:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6383:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6358:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6346:SNOMED C axis
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6294:SNOMED P axis
6292:
6290:
6287:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6277:9-CM Volume 3
6275:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6242:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6171:
6165:
6164:SNOMED D axis
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6100:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6088:SNOMED T axis
6086:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6044:
6039:
6037:
6032:
6030:
6025:
6024:
6021:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5971:
5967:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5897:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5861:
5857:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5685:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5666:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5603:
5598:
5596:
5591:
5589:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5572:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5523:
5507:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5478:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5430:
5426:
5411:
5407:
5401:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5333:
5329:
5323:
5307:
5303:
5296:
5280:
5276:
5270:
5254:
5250:
5243:
5227:
5223:
5217:
5198:
5191:
5185:
5177:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5162:
5154:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5089:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5059:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5029:
5021:
5015:
5012:. JHU Press.
5011:
5010:
5002:
4994:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4945:
4943:
4935:
4932:
4926:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4884:
4876:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4833:
4825:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4792:PLOS Medicine
4789:
4782:
4780:
4763:
4759:
4755:
4748:
4732:
4728:
4727:Gay City News
4724:
4717:
4715:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4683:
4681:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4660:
4652:
4645:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4604:
4598:
4594:
4587:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4563:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4531:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4500:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4439:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4388:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4369:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4351:
4332:
4325:
4307:
4300:
4294:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4234:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4208:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4144:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4103:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4054:
4052:
4035:
4028:
4022:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3913:
3907:
3896:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3855:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3822:
3803:
3796:
3790:
3771:
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3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
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3716:
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3698:
3696:
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3635:
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3627:
3623:
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3609:
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3600:
3585:
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3577:
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3566:
3558:
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3543:
3535:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3461:(2): 147–53.
3460:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3407:
3388:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3356:
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3346:
3339:
3332:
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3319:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3106:
3099:
3093:
3085:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2933:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2872:
2870:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2734:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2711:
2700:September 18,
2695:
2688:
2682:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
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2609:
2605:
2599:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2562:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2539:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
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2495:
2493:
2491:
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2483:
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2479:
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2473:
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2457:
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2447:
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2441:
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2437:
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2415:
2413:
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2403:
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2373:
2371:
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2363:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1967:(2): 72–145.
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1922:
1911:
1905:
1900:
1893:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1858:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:In 2003, the
1771:
1768:
1762:
1758:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1712:Ray Blanchard
1709:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1663:mental health
1660:
1659:Brent Robbins
1655:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1644:Allen Frances
1641:
1637:
1623:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1455:United States
1454:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1145:Symptoms for
1144:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1007:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
978:
975:
971:
967:
963:
960:
956:
952:
948:
945:
944:
935:
932:
931:
922:
918:
915:
911:
907:
904:
900:
897:
894:
891:
887:
884:Criteria for
883:
882:
873:
870:Criteria for
869:
866:
863:
859:
855:
852:
848:
844:
841:
838:
835:; or with an
834:
830:
826:
823:
819:
818:
808:
804:
801:
797:
794:
791:
787:
786:
777:
774:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
742:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
714:
711:
708:
704:
701:
698:
695:
691:
687:
683:
682:
673:
669:
666:
663:
659:
656:
653:
649:
646:
643:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:
618:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
598:
595:
591:
587:
586:
577:
574:
571:
567:
564:
560:
556:
552:
551:
542:
539:
536:
532:
529:Criteria for
528:
525:
521:
518:
514:
513:schizophrenia
510:
509:
500:
496:
495:tic disorders
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
473:
469:
466:
463:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
399:
395:
394:
383:
379:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
356:
347:
345:
335:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:, now called
301:
300:
295:
291:
290:
285:
281:
277:
276:schizophrenia
273:
269:
265:
262:The DSM-5 is
260:
258:
254:
253:Roman numeral
251:instead of a
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:
204:
203:
199:
195:
192:
190:
186:
182:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
163:
161:LC Class
157:
153:
150:
149:Dewey Decimal
145:
142:
139:
137:
131:
128:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:United States
99:
95:
91:
85:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
32:
29:
22:
6213:
6175:specialized:
6174:
6112:
6066:Terminologia
5960:Narcissistic
5899:
5766:Narcissistic
5570:
5556:the original
5522:
5510:. Retrieved
5506:the original
5481:. Retrieved
5470:
5455:. Retrieved
5446:
5433:. Retrieved
5414:. Retrieved
5400:
5388:. Retrieved
5374:
5362:. Retrieved
5348:
5336:. Retrieved
5322:
5310:. Retrieved
5295:
5283:. Retrieved
5279:the original
5269:
5257:. Retrieved
5242:
5230:. Retrieved
5226:the original
5216:
5204:. Retrieved
5197:the original
5184:
5160:
5153:
5141:. Retrieved
5108:(8): 653–9.
5105:
5101:
5088:
5076:. Retrieved
5072:the original
5068:tara4bpd.org
5067:
5058:
5048:November 15,
5046:. Retrieved
5037:
5028:
5008:
5001:
4958:
4954:
4925:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4846:
4842:
4832:
4795:
4791:
4766:. Retrieved
4762:the original
4757:
4747:
4735:. Retrieved
4731:the original
4726:
4701:. Retrieved
4697:the original
4692:
4668:
4659:
4650:
4644:
4632:. Retrieved
4625:the original
4611:
4595:. Springer.
4592:
4586:
4567:
4562:
4551:, retrieved
4540:
4530:
4520:December 14,
4518:. Retrieved
4509:
4499:
4487:. Retrieved
4483:the original
4478:
4469:
4457:. Retrieved
4448:
4438:
4428:September 6,
4426:. Retrieved
4417:
4407:
4387:
4368:
4350:
4338:. Retrieved
4313:. Retrieved
4293:
4282:PBS Newshour
4266:
4256:February 24,
4254:. Retrieved
4243:
4233:
4216:
4207:
4195:. Retrieved
4191:
4182:
4149:
4143:
4131:. Retrieved
4119:
4110:
4067:
4063:
4038:. Retrieved
4021:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3965:Leibenluft E
3941:. Retrieved
3937:
3928:
3916:. Retrieved
3906:
3895:
3883:. Retrieved
3874:
3835:
3831:
3821:
3809:. Retrieved
3802:the original
3789:
3779:December 21,
3777:. Retrieved
3749:
3743:
3730:
3719:, retrieved
3715:the original
3706:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3640:November 15,
3638:, retrieved
3634:the original
3606:
3599:
3588:, retrieved
3584:the original
3575:
3565:
3541:
3534:
3522:. Retrieved
3508:
3496:. Retrieved
3489:the original
3458:
3454:
3441:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3394:. Retrieved
3359:. Retrieved
3345:
3337:
3331:the original
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3266:
3254:. Retrieved
3240:
3228:. Retrieved
3214:
3202:. Retrieved
3193:
3184:
3172:. Retrieved
3163:
3154:
3142:. Retrieved
3133:
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3105:the original
3092:
3068:
3061:
3026:
3022:
3012:
2979:
2975:
2969:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2920:. Retrieved
2885:
2881:
2833:
2829:
2819:
2807:. Retrieved
2793:
2781:. Retrieved
2767:
2755:. Retrieved
2741:
2717:
2710:
2698:. Retrieved
2693:
2681:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2612:. Retrieved
2598:
2586:. Retrieved
2545:
2538:
2527:the original
2339:(1): 59–70.
2336:
2332:
2326:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2056:
2052:
2041:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1984:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1931:
1925:
1887:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1852:
1838:
1834:
1825:
1823:variation."
1821:
1813:
1796:
1787:
1777:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1746:
1736:think about
1730:
1725:
1719:
1705:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1634:
1621:
1555:
1551:
1524:
1501:
1491:
1425:
1377:rather than
1372:
1360:
1353:
1349:
1338:
1300:
1291:
1208:
1135:
1090:
1049:was deleted.
1043:from DSM-IV.
998:was removed.
862:pseudocyesis
836:
832:
828:
642:Panic attack
517:disorganized
380:
374:
370:
364:
357:
353:
341:
324:
319:
315:
311:
303:
298:
287:
283:
263:
261:
222:
218:
213:
212:
210:
200:
187:
174:
92:May 18, 2013
70:
31:
6093:MeSH A axis
5927:Schizotypal
5812:Unspecified
5805:Unspecified
5678:Schizotypal
5671:Schizotypal
5633:Multi-axial
5628:Categorical
5623:Dimensional
5206:October 24,
5078:January 29,
4849:: e076902.
4634:December 4,
4459:December 2,
3811:January 13,
3204:January 29,
3174:January 29,
3144:January 29,
1740:people and
1738:transgender
1492:DSM-5
1335:Development
1273:paraphilias
1125:kleptomania
1041:dyspareunia
652:agoraphobia
590:bereavement
476:dyscalculia
299:paraphilias
6304:Read codes
6159:Read codes
5955:Histrionic
5950:Borderline
5945:Antisocial
5881:Depressive
5723:Histrionic
5698:Anankastic
5648:Structural
5643:Relational
5638:Prototypal
5034:"TARA4BPD"
4768:October 1,
3396:October 6,
1917:References
1281:pedophilia
1037:vaginismus
955:narcolepsy
914:amenorrhea
638:children).
594:depressive
497:including
493:, and the
429:stuttering
423:(formerly
411:(formerly
166:RC455.2.C4
154:616.89'075
5983:Dependent
5836:DSM-III-R
5751:Eccentric
5713:Dissocial
5708:Dependent
5247:Insel T.
4975:0010-3853
4489:March 22,
4197:April 18,
4174:248338204
4166:0022-006X
4128:0190-8286
4084:1723-8617
4013:233349377
3997:1075-2730
3943:April 18,
3498:August 8,
3433:1468-2850
2655:1758-2008
2291:144603715
2283:0091-1674
2230:1172-7047
2210:CNS Drugs
2191:247087411
2175:0140-6736
2118:0268-1315
1981:1529-1006
1829:normality
1804:DSM-IV-TR
1696:disorders
1626:Criticism
1592:hypomania
1527:ICD-10-CM
1390:DSM-5-TR
1203:remission
1150:severity.
1121:pyromania
617:dysthymia
615:The term
541:Catatonia
350:Section I
229:taxonomic
176:DSM-IV-TR
141:830807378
6382:Category
6113:general:
5978:Avoidant
5922:Schizoid
5917:Paranoid
5845:Sadistic
5761:Immature
5756:Haltlose
5733:Schizoid
5728:Paranoid
5687:Specific
5531:Archived
5477:Archived
5451:Archived
5429:Archived
5410:Archived
5384:Archived
5358:Archived
5332:Archived
5306:Archived
5253:Archived
5134:Archived
5122:18550033
5042:Archived
5038:TARA4BPD
4993:34032963
4918:11909535
4910:16636630
4875:38199616
4866:10777894
4824:22427747
4737:June 14,
4703:June 14,
4693:NBC News
4572:Archived
4547:archived
4514:Archived
4453:Archived
4422:Archived
4396:Archived
4376:Archived
4358:Archived
4331:Archived
4306:Archived
4274:Archived
4250:Archived
4152:. 2022.
4102:35524596
4040:June 11,
4005:33882702
3918:June 14,
3879:Archived
3854:19420379
3770:Archived
3766:18040087
3686:36938074
3678:12145504
3630:49518977
3518:Archived
3485:24174889
3387:Archived
3355:Archived
3302:Archived
3282:April 2,
3276:Archived
3256:April 2,
3250:Archived
3224:Archived
3198:Archived
3168:Archived
3138:Archived
3114:April 6,
3053:20599189
3004:42748380
2996:19337884
2961:18553417
2922:June 29,
2916:Archived
2912:38289406
2904:21910184
2860:23325126
2852:21681870
2803:Archived
2777:Archived
2751:Archived
2673:24644516
2608:Archived
2582:Archived
2353:23111466
2248:34495494
2183:35219395
2134:24088074
2126:25932596
2083:29477251
2033:29856559
1896:See also
1843:—
1800:nosology
1727:impulse.
1688:cultural
1503:DSM-5-TR
1414:Language
1385:DSM-5-TR
1219:Dementia
1199:caffeine
1195:cannabis
1182:are new.
966:hypopnea
810:trauma).
472:dyslexia
237:DSM-5-TR
189:DSM-5-TR
59:Language
6299:OPS-301
6261:Level 2
5796:Organic
5789:Organic
5512:May 23,
5483:May 23,
5457:May 23,
5435:May 23,
5416:May 23,
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