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decompressor to shift, rotate, lighten, or darken the copy. This longer command still remains much shorter than data generated by intra-frame compression. Usually, the encoder will also transmit a residue signal which describes the remaining more subtle differences to the reference imagery. Using entropy coding, these residue signals have a more compact representation than the full signal. In areas of video with more motion, the compression must encode more data to keep up with the larger number of pixels that are changing. Commonly during explosions, flames, flocks of animals, and in some panning shots, the high-frequency detail leads to quality decreases or to increases in the
948:
1474:
5911:
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452:, and compression-based similarity measures compute similarity within these feature spaces. For each compressor C(.) we define an associated vector space ℵ, such that C(.) maps an input string x, corresponding to the vector norm ||~x||. An exhaustive examination of the feature spaces underlying all compression algorithms is precluded by space; instead, feature vectors chooses to examine three representative lossless compression methods, LZW, LZ77, and PPM.
1131:
557:
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heterogeneity of the dataset by sorting SNPs by their minor allele frequency, thus homogenizing the dataset. Other algorithms developed in 2009 and 2013 (DNAZip and GenomeZip) have compression ratios of up to 1200-fold—allowing 6 billion basepair diploid human genomes to be stored in 2.5 megabytes (relative to a reference genome or averaged over many genomes). For a benchmark in genetics/genomics data compressors, see
259:
939:, it is desirable to work from an unchanged original (uncompressed or losslessly compressed). Processing of a lossily compressed file for some purpose usually produces a final result inferior to the creation of the same compressed file from an uncompressed original. In addition to sound editing or mixing, lossless audio compression is often used for archival storage, or as master copies.
1084:
simply reduces the number of bits used to quantize the signal). Time domain algorithms such as LPC also often have low latencies, hence their popularity in speech coding for telephony. In algorithms such as MP3, however, a large number of samples have to be analyzed to implement a psychoacoustic model in the frequency domain, and latency is on the order of 23 ms.
1080:, of the data to optimize efficiency, and then code it in a manner that requires a larger segment of data at one time to decode. The inherent latency of the coding algorithm can be critical; for example, when there is a two-way transmission of data, such as with a telephone conversation, significant delays may seriously degrade the perceived quality.
217:
distinct representations that use an integer number of bits, and it clears out the internal memory only after encoding the entire string of data symbols. Arithmetic coding applies especially well to adaptive data compression tasks where the statistics vary and are context-dependent, as it can be easily coupled with an adaptive model of the
137:, so that the process is reversible. Lossless compression is possible because most real-world data exhibits statistical redundancy. For example, an image may have areas of color that do not change over several pixels; instead of coding "red pixel, red pixel, ..." the data may be encoded as "279 red pixels". This is a basic example of
1066:(LPC) used with speech, are source-based coders. LPC uses a model of the human vocal tract to analyze speech sounds and infer the parameters used by the model to produce them moment to moment. These changing parameters are transmitted or stored and used to drive another model in the decoder which reproduces the sound.
979:. Most lossy compression reduces redundancy by first identifying perceptually irrelevant sounds, that is, sounds that are very hard to hear. Typical examples include high frequencies or sounds that occur at the same time as louder sounds. Those irrelevant sounds are coded with decreased accuracy or not at all.
1521:
In an additional in-loop filtering stage various filters can be applied to the reconstructed image signal. By computing these filters also inside the encoding loop they can help compression because they can be applied to reference material before it gets used in the prediction process and they can be
1395:
that reduce aspects of the source data that are (more or less) irrelevant to the human visual perception by exploiting perceptual features of human vision. For example, small differences in color are more difficult to perceive than are changes in brightness. Compression algorithms can average a color
1719:
data and achieves over 20-fold compression (95% reduction in file size), providing 2- to 4-fold better compression and is less computationally intensive than the leading general-purpose compression utilities. For this, Chanda, Elhaik, and Bader introduced MAF-based encoding (MAFE), which reduces the
1714:
are the latest generation of lossless algorithms that compress data (typically sequences of nucleotides) using both conventional compression algorithms and genetic algorithms adapted to the specific datatype. In 2012, a team of scientists from Johns
Hopkins University published a genetic compression
1460:
to the reference frame. If the frame contains areas where nothing has moved, the system can simply issue a short command that copies that part of the previous frame into the next one. If sections of the frame move in a simple manner, the compressor can emit a (slightly longer) command that tells the
1095:
is an important category of audio data compression. The perceptual models used to estimate what aspects of speech a human ear can hear are generally somewhat different from those used for music. The range of frequencies needed to convey the sounds of a human voice is normally far narrower than that
1069:
Lossy formats are often used for the distribution of streaming audio or interactive communication (such as in cell phone networks). In such applications, the data must be decompressed as the data flows, rather than after the entire data stream has been transmitted. Not all audio codecs can be used
3167:
Basically, wavelet coding is a variant on DCT-based transform coding that reduces or eliminates some of its limitations. (...) Another advantage is that rather than working with 8 Ă— 8 blocks of pixels, as do JPEG and other block-based DCT techniques, wavelet coding can simultaneously compress the
1728:
It is estimated that the total amount of data that is stored on the world's storage devices could be further compressed with existing compression algorithms by a remaining average factor of 4.5:1. It is estimated that the combined technological capacity of the world to store information provides
75:. No information is lost in lossless compression. Lossy compression reduces bits by removing unnecessary or less important information. Typically, a device that performs data compression is referred to as an encoder, and one that performs the reversal of the process (decompression) as a decoder.
1083:
In contrast to the speed of compression, which is proportional to the number of operations required by the algorithm, here latency refers to the number of samples that must be analyzed before a block of audio is processed. In the minimum case, latency is zero samples (e.g., if the coder/decoder
216:
to produce a string of encoded bits from a series of input data symbols. It can achieve superior compression compared to other techniques such as the better-known
Huffman algorithm. It uses an internal memory state to avoid the need to perform a one-to-one mapping of individual input symbols to
463:, the best possible compression of x is the smallest possible software that generates x. For example, in that model, a zip file's compressed size includes both the zip file and the unzipping software, since you can not unzip it without both, but there may be an even smaller combined form.
444:
on the output distribution). Conversely, an optimal compressor can be used for prediction (by finding the symbol that compresses best, given the previous history). This equivalence has been used as a justification for using data compression as a benchmark for "general intelligence".
501:
Data compression aims to reduce the size of data files, enhancing storage efficiency and speeding up data transmission. K-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, is employed to partition a dataset into a specified number of clusters, k, each represented by the
873:
Lossless audio compression produces a representation of digital data that can be decoded to an exact digital duplicate of the original. Compression ratios are around 50–60% of the original size, which is similar to those for generic lossless data compression. Lossless codecs use
963:
Lossy audio compression is used in a wide range of applications. In addition to standalone audio-only applications of file playback in MP3 players or computers, digitally compressed audio streams are used in most video DVDs, digital television, streaming media on the
1276:), in February 1988. While there were some papers from before that time, this collection documented an entire variety of finished, working audio coders, nearly all of them using perceptual techniques and some kind of frequency analysis and back-end noiseless coding.
168:, and hardware devices such as modems. LZ methods use a table-based compression model where table entries are substituted for repeated strings of data. For most LZ methods, this table is generated dynamically from earlier data in the input. The table itself is often
180:
of the same or closely related species, a huge versioned document collection, internet archival, etc. The basic task of grammar-based codes is constructing a context-free grammar deriving a single string. Other practical grammar compression algorithms include
3514:
990:
when a file is decompressed and recompressed. This makes lossy compression unsuitable for storing the intermediate results in professional audio engineering applications, such as sound editing and multitrack recording. However, lossy formats such as
645:
Since there is no separate source and target in data compression, one can consider data compression as data differencing with empty source data, the compressed file corresponding to a difference from nothing. This is the same as considering absolute
1265:. 35 years later, almost all the radio stations in the world were using this technology manufactured by a number of companies because the inventor refuses to get invention patents for his work. He prefers declaring it of Public Domain publishing it
1383:
used in camcorders and video editing employ simpler compression that uses only intra-frame prediction. This simplifies video editing software, as it prevents a situation in which a compressed frame refers to data that the editor has deleted.
998:
Several proprietary lossy compression algorithms have been developed that provide higher quality audio performance by using a combination of lossless and lossy algorithms with adaptive bit rates and lower compression ratios. Examples include
1431:
is used in still-image coders and video coders without motion compensation. Interest in fractal compression seems to be waning, due to recent theoretical analysis showing a comparative lack of effectiveness of such methods.
514:, k-means clustering aids in data reduction by replacing groups of data points with their centroids, thereby preserving the core information of the original data while significantly decreasing the required storage space.
282:
between preserving information and reducing size. Lossy data compression schemes are designed by research on how people perceive the data in question. For example, the human eye is more sensitive to subtle variations in
277:
emerged. In the early 1990s, lossy compression methods began to be widely used. In these schemes, some loss of information is accepted as dropping nonessential detail can save storage space. There is a corresponding
287:
than it is to the variations in color. JPEG image compression works in part by rounding off nonessential bits of information. A number of popular compression formats exploit these perceptual differences, including
968:, satellite and cable radio, and increasingly in terrestrial radio broadcasts. Lossy compression typically achieves far greater compression than lossless compression, by discarding less-critical data based on
493:
can be utilized to compress data by grouping similar data points into clusters. This technique simplifies handling extensive datasets that lack predefined labels and finds widespread use in fields such as
1511:
data are transformed to the frequency domain. In the main lossy processing stage, frequency domain data gets quantized in order to reduce information that is irrelevant to human visual perception.
718:(JPEG) in 1992. JPEG greatly reduces the amount of data required to represent an image at the cost of a relatively small reduction in image quality and has become the most widely used
2419:
CCITT Study Group VIII und die Joint
Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) von ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1/Subcommittee 29/Working Group 10 (1993), "Annex D – Arithmetic coding",
1257:. In 1983, using the psychoacoustic principle of the masking of critical bands first published in 1967, he started developing a practical application based on the recently developed
878:
or linear prediction as a basis for estimating the signal. Parameters describing the estimation and the difference between the estimation and the actual signal are coded separately.
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105:
needed to perform the encoding and decoding. The design of data compression schemes involves balancing the degree of compression, the amount of distortion introduced (when using
2418:
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2109:
1364:). Similarities can be encoded by only storing differences between e.g. temporally adjacent frames (inter-frame coding) or spatially adjacent pixels (intra-frame coding).
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are very popular with end-users as the file size is reduced to 5-20% of the original size and a megabyte can store about a minute's worth of music at adequate quality.
315:
in 1973, before introducing it in
January 1974. DCT is the most widely used lossy compression method, and is used in multimedia formats for images (such as JPEG and
2907:
3392:
The
Olympus WS-120 digital speech recorder, according to its manual, can store about 178 hours of speech-quality audio in .WMA format in 500 MB of flash memory.
1331:
Most video codecs are used alongside audio compression techniques to store the separate but complementary data streams as one combined package using so-called
4159:. Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXIX. Vol. 9971. San Diego, California: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. pp. 99711B.
1544:
bandwidth compression scheme for the transmission of analog television signals. The DCT, which is fundamental to modern video compression, was introduced by
1493:
which was standardized in 1988 by the ITU-T. They mostly rely on the DCT, applied to rectangular blocks of neighboring pixels, and temporal prediction using
4026:
Proceedings of the
International Computer Conference 2006 on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing: Chongqing, China, 29-31 August 2006
920:
feature a combination of a lossy format and a lossless correction; this allows stripping the correction to easily obtain a lossy file. Such formats include
3788:
1055:
may also be used to weigh the perceptual importance of components. Models of the human ear-brain combination incorporating such effects are often called
524:'s research with the Chinchilla 70B model. Developed by DeepMind, Chinchilla 70B effectively compressed data, outperforming conventional methods such as
3745:
Britanak, V. (2011). "On
Properties, Relations, and Simplified Implementation of Filter Banks in the Dolby Digital (Plus) AC-3 Audio Coding Standards".
2980:
1039:. Once transformed, component frequencies can be prioritized according to how audible they are. Audibility of spectral components is assessed using the
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86:, it is called source coding: encoding is done at the source of the data before it is stored or transmitted. Source coding should not be confused with
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Throwing away more of the data in the signal—keeping just enough to reconstruct an "intelligible" voice rather than the full frequency range of human
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Princen, J.; Johnson, A.; Bradley, A. (1987). "Subband/Transform coding using filter bank designs based on time domain aliasing cancellation".
2076:
1486:
1246:, and AAC. MDCT was proposed by J. P. Princen, A. W. Johnson and A. B. Bradley in 1987, following earlier work by Princen and Bradley in 1986.
1016:
152:
is a variation on LZ optimized for decompression speed and compression ratio, but compression can be slow. In the mid-1980s, following work by
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needed for music, and the sound is normally less complex. As a result, speech can be encoded at high quality using a relatively low bit rate.
854:
The acceptable trade-off between loss of audio quality and transmission or storage size depends upon the application. For example, one 640 MB
6809:
5952:
4735:
1408:, cost of processing the compression and decompression, and system requirements. Highly compressed video may present visible or distracting
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To determine what information in an audio signal is perceptually irrelevant, most lossy compression algorithms use transforms such as the
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of its points. This process condenses extensive datasets into a more compact set of representative points. Particularly beneficial in
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Video data may be represented as a series of still image frames. Such data usually contains abundant amounts of spatial and temporal
1298:
4288:
1558:, which debuted in 1988, commercially introduced the prevalent basic architecture of video compression technology. It was the first
416:, who published fundamental papers on the topic in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Other topics associated with compression include
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1208:(APC), a perceptual coding algorithm that exploited the masking properties of the human ear, followed in the early 1980s with the
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and difference-coding techniques are applied that help decorrelate data and describe new data based on already transmitted data.
2687:
Mentzer, Fabian; Toderici, George; Tschannen, Michael; Agustsson, Eirikur (2020). "High-Fidelity
Generative Image Compression".
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across these similar areas in a manner similar to those used in JPEG image compression. As in all lossy compression, there is a
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1972:
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of hardware digits in 2007, but when the corresponding content is optimally compressed, this only represents 295 exabytes of
1012:
532:(FLAC) for audio. It achieved compression of image and audio data to 43.4% and 16.4% of their original sizes, respectively.
221:
of the input data. An early example of the use of arithmetic coding was in an optional (but not widely used) feature of the
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standard was introduced in 2000. In contrast to the DCT algorithm used by the original JPEG format, JPEG 2000 instead uses
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In lossy audio compression, methods of psychoacoustics are used to remove non-audible (or less audible) components of the
4152:
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2327:
3626:"A History of Realtime Digital Speech on Packet Networks: Part II of Linear Predictive Coding and the Internet Protocol"
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Cummiskey, P.; Jayant, Nikil S.; Flanagan, J. L. (1973). "Adaptive quantization in differential PCM coding of speech".
3183:
JPEG2000 Image
Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice: Image Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice
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to eliminate or reduce fidelity of less audible sounds, thereby reducing the space required to store or transmit them.
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Princen, J.; Bradley, A. (1986). "Analysis/Synthesis filter bank design based on time domain aliasing cancellation".
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is introduced by the methods used to encode and decode the data. Some codecs will analyze a longer segment, called a
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578:
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Cummiskey, P.; Jayant, N. S.; Flanagan, J. L. (1973). "Adaptive
Quantization in Differential PCM Coding of Speech".
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Lossy audio compression algorithms provide higher compression and are used in numerous audio applications including
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during compression and decompression, but compresses stronger, especially on repeating patterns in files' content.
17:
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Recommendation T.81: Digital Compression and Coding of Continuous-tone Still images – Requirements and guidelines
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160:(LZW) algorithm rapidly became the method of choice for most general-purpose compression systems. LZW is used in
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72:
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In inter-frame coding, individual frames of a video sequence are compared from one frame to the next, and the
1376:, on the other hand, uses only data from within the current frame, effectively being still-image compression.
204:
can also be viewed as an indirect form of statistical modelling. In a further refinement of the direct use of
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722:. Its highly efficient DCT-based compression algorithm was largely responsible for the wide proliferation of
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Archive software typically has the ability to adjust the "dictionary size", where a larger size demands more
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is distinguished as a separate discipline from general-purpose audio compression. Speech coding is used in
3362:"Subjective Evaluation of Music Compressed with the ACER Codec Compared to AAC, MP3, and Uncompressed PCM"
1302:
870:. A digital sound recorder can typically store around 200 hours of clearly intelligible speech in 640 MB.
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1047:—the phenomenon wherein a signal is masked by another signal separated by frequency—and, in some cases,
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3512:, C. Chapin Cutler, "Differential Quantization of Communication Signals", issued 1952-07-29
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Robinson, A. H.; Cherry, C. (1967). "Results of a prototype television bandwidth compression scheme".
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Thinkquest 2010: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Contours of Computing Technology
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1372:) (re)uses data from one or more earlier or later frames in a sequence to describe the current frame.
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2952:"T.81 – DIGITAL COMPRESSION AND CODING OF CONTINUOUS-TONE STILL IMAGES – REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDELINES"
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2517:"Measuring the Efficiency of the Intraday Forex Market with a Universal Data Compression Algorithm"
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212:. Arithmetic coding is a more modern coding technique that uses the mathematical calculations of a
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that blur out blocking artifacts from quantization discontinuities at transform block boundaries.
1349:. Video compression algorithms attempt to reduce redundancy and store information more compactly.
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1955:
Tank, M.K. (2011). "Implementation of Lempel-ZIV algorithm for lossless compression using VHDL".
1535:
1427:(DWT), have been the subject of some research, but are typically not used in practical products.
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The earliest algorithms used in speech encoding (and audio data compression in general) were the
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like this can compress highly repetitive input extremely effectively, for instance, a biological
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1858:"Implementing a Novel Approach an Convert Audio Compression to Text Coding via Hybrid Technique"
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A literature compendium for a large variety of audio coding systems was published in the IEEE's
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4061:. Center for Signal and Information Processing, Georgia Institute of Technology. Archived from
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music, less than 2 hours of music compressed losslessly, or 7 hours of music compressed in the
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1899:"A New Lossless Method of Image Compression and Decompression Using Huffman Coding Techniques"
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Psychoacoustics recognizes that not all data in an audio stream can be perceived by the human
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The broad objective of source coding is to exploit or remove 'inefficient' redundancy in the
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381:, for example, audio compression is used for CD ripping and is decoded by the audio players.
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Acoustics, Information, and Communication: Memorial Volume in Honor of Manfred R. Schroeder
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algorithm that does not use a reference genome for compression. HAPZIPPER was tailored for
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1990:"Optimized RTL design and implementation of LZW algorithm for high bandwidth applications"
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of audio in an uncompressed format and several lossy formats. The lossy spectrograms show
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of a sequence given its entire history can be used for optimal data compression (by using
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audio compression system was developed by Oscar Bonello, an engineering professor at the
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An alternative view can show compression algorithms implicitly map strings into implicit
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109:), and the computational resources or time required to compress and decompress the data.
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2620:(2006). "Compression and Machine Learning: A New Perspective on Feature Space Vectors".
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formats, typically use motion-compensated DCT video coding (block motion compensation).
373:. Compression of human speech is often performed with even more specialized techniques;
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1675:, and is widely used by video sharing websites and streaming internet services such as
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Many commonly used video compression methods (e.g., those in standards approved by the
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148:(LZ) compression methods are among the most popular algorithms for lossless storage.
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ICASSP '87. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
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3268:"General characteristics and design considerations for temporal subband video coding"
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for its time. Perceptual coding is used by modern audio compression formats such as
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image coding standard. It has since been applied in various other designs including
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4524:"The World's Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information"
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470:, AIVC. Examples of software that can perform AI-powered image compression include
433:
300:
230:
134:
3967:
Dmitriy Vatolin; et al. (Graphics & Media Lab Video Group) (March 2007).
3864:"Ricardo Sametband, La NaciĂłn Newspaper "Historia de un pionero en audio digital""
3766:
1562:
based on DCT compression. H.261 was developed by a number of companies, including
1360:
exploit both spatial and temporal redundancy (e.g. through difference coding with
1261:
computer, and the broadcast automation system was launched in 1987 under the name
959:
of higher frequencies, a common technique associated with lossy audio compression.
482:'s Image Processing Toolbox (IPT) and High-Fidelity Generative Image Compression.
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2171:(December 2012). "Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard".
1964:
1814:
1782:
1641:. It was also developed by a number of companies, primarily Mitsubishi Electric,
1115:
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In the late 1980s, digital images became more common, and standards for lossless
177:
7033:
3814:
3125:
2924:
Pratt, W.K.; Kane, J.; Andrews, H.C. (1969). "Hadamard transform image coding".
2760:"AI language models can exceed PNG and FLAC in lossless compression, says study"
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710:(DCT), a technique developed in the early 1970s. DCT is the basis for JPEG, a
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3995:
Design of Digital Video Coding Systems: A Complete Compressed Domain Approach
3654:
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to reduce the amount of information used to represent the uncompressed data.
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4523:
3936:"Anuncio del Audicom, AES Journal, July-August 1992, Vol 40, # 7/8, pag 647"
3236:
2390:
1415:
Other methods other than the prevalent DCT-based transform formats, such as
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1008:
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When audio files are to be processed, either by further compression or for
902:
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for a listing. Some formats are associated with a distinct system, such as
855:
460:
370:
293:
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1989:
30:"Source coding" redirects here. For the term in computer programming, see
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6781:
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2810:. Practical Reusable Unix Software. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2514:
1656:
1655:
was developed in 2003 by a number of organizations, primarily Panasonic,
1453:
1441:
1365:
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This is accomplished, in general, by some combination of two approaches:
1032:
952:
795:
540:
520:(LLMs) are also capable of lossless data compression, as demonstrated by
153:
91:
56:
31:
4490:
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for lossy compression. These areas of study were essentially created by
141:; there are many schemes to reduce file size by eliminating redundancy.
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2785:"RFC 3284: The VCDIFF Generic Differencing and Compression Data Format"
1567:
1514:
In the last stage statistical redundancy gets largely eliminated by an
1135:
921:
475:
63:
than the original representation. Any particular compression is either
3906:"Summary of some of Solidyne's contributions to Broadcast Engineering"
9206:
9087:
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8288:
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8002:
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7903:
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6905:
6725:
6720:
6383:
6341:
4684:
Explanation of lossless signal compression method used by most codecs
4597:
Using 10-bit AVC/H.264 Encoding with 4:2:2 for Broadcast Contribution
3999:
3117:
2784:
1646:
1549:
1397:
1309:
lossy compression video has a compression factor between 20 and 200.
1235:
1201:
1143:
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762:
in image compression, began after the development of DCT coding. The
748:, a lossless compression algorithm specified in 1996, is used in the
328:
312:
284:
279:
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source and thereby achieve a reduction in the overall source rate R.
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6326:
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5645:
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3022:
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2693:
2576:"On the Use of Data Compression Measures to Analyze Robust Designs"
2367:
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1730:
1545:
1405:
1231:
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867:
813:
521:
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308:
101:
between the bytes needed to store or transmit information, and the
71:. Lossless compression reduces bits by identifying and eliminating
258:
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8396:
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4245:
3717:
Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting Standards: Technology and Practice
2686:
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1642:
1579:
1563:
1262:
1134:
Solidyne 922: The world's first commercial audio bit compression
925:
906:
759:
745:
355:
186:
149:
5960:
1855:
1671:(CAVLC) algorithms. AVC is the main video encoding standard for
1103:
Only encoding sounds that could be made by a single human voice.
466:
Examples of AI-powered audio/video compression software include
9244:
8530:
8525:
8411:
8368:
8240:
8037:
8032:
8027:
7959:
7931:
7892:
7515:
6973:
6667:
6507:
6428:
6408:
6346:
6083:
6059:
6037:
6025:
6020:
5083:
4474:"A Survey on Data Compression Methods for Biological Sequences"
2985:
2022:
Document Management - Portable document format - Part 1: PDF1.7
1988:
Navqi, Saud; Naqvi, R.; Riaz, R.A.; Siddiqui, F. (April 2011).
1606:
1594:
1575:
1522:
guided using the original signal. The most popular example are
1258:
1051:—where a signal is masked by another signal separated by time.
910:
840:
479:
471:
340:
311:, who then developed a working algorithm with T. Natarajan and
4521:
2173:
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
2102:
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research
208:, statistical estimates can be coupled to an algorithm called
8495:
8480:
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8198:
8066:
8012:
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7908:
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7336:
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5523:
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3883:. Melville, NY: Acoustical Society of America. Archived from
3838:
IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
3272:
2958:
1684:
1638:
1555:
1508:
1490:
1482:
1321:
1305:
codecs perform at a compression factor of 5 to 12, a typical
1242:(MDCT) used by modern audio compression formats such as MP3,
817:
226:
165:
4609:
Why does 10-bit save bandwidth (even when content is 8-bit)?
4199:"The History of Video File Formats Infographic — RealPlayer"
2734:"Differentially private clustering for large-scale datasets"
1856:
Mahdi, O.A.; Mohammed, M.A.; Mohamed, A.J. (November 2012).
82:
is often referred to as data compression. In the context of
8577:
8557:
8454:
8449:
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8353:
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4912:
4902:
4123:
Standard Codecs: Image Compression to Advanced Video Coding
4095:
3747:
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
2887:"A method for the construction of minimum-redundancy codes"
2180:
1700:
1614:
1590:
1325:
1000:
770:(DWT) algorithms. JPEG 2000 technology, which includes the
654:(corresponding to data differencing) with no initial data.
456:
324:
316:
234:
222:
4649:
EBU subjective listening tests on low-bitrate audio codecs
1613:, which was developed by a number of companies, primarily
881:
A number of lossless audio compression formats exist. See
8520:
8193:
8127:
7997:
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7542:
7530:
7372:
7188:
7092:
6895:
6492:
6234:
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6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
5048:
5014:
4472:
Hosseini, Morteza; Pratas, Diogo; Pinho, Armando (2016).
3475:
3213:"Mathematical properties of the JPEG2000 wavelet filters"
3077:"The GIF Controversy: A Software Developer's Perspective"
3027:
2615:
2024:(1st ed.). Adobe Systems Incorporated. July 1, 2008.
1906:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
1723:
1626:
1602:
1217:
1180:(LPC). Initial concepts for LPC date back to the work of
1035:
sampled waveforms into a transform domain, typically the
992:
863:
844:
741:
650:(corresponding to data compression) as a special case of
351:
332:
266:
262:
60:
3366:
International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting
3104:
DEFLATE Compressed Data Format Specification version 1.3
3049:"What Is a JPEG? The Invisible Object You See Every Day"
2515:
Shmilovici A.; Kahiri Y.; Ben-Gal I.; Hauser S. (2009).
2370:; T. Natarajan; Kamisetty Ramamohan Rao (January 1974).
8610:
4343:"HapZipper: sharing HapMap populations just got easier"
3554:
3527:
1489:) share the same basic architecture that dates back to
1468:
695:
dates back to the late 1960s, with the introduction of
661:
is used to emphasize the data differencing connection.
2095:"An Improved Data Compression Method for General Data"
1819:(2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 34.
1703:
broadcasts over terrestrial and satellite television.
1497:, as well as nowadays also an in-loop filtering step.
4430:
3804:
3450:. Pune, Maharashtra: Nirali Prakashan. p. 3.41.
3332:
Understanding Digital Cinema: A Professional Handbook
2820:
2806:
Korn, D.G.; Vo, K.P. (1995). B. Krishnamurthy (ed.).
396:
The theoretical basis for compression is provided by
4213:"Patent statement declaration registered as H261-07"
3954:
A Brief guide to compress a file in 4 different ways
2881:
1896:
1518:
which often applies some form of arithmetic coding.
617:
Data compression can be viewed as a special case of
4656:(Guide for helping a user pick out the right codec)
4471:
4431:Pavlichin DS, Weissman T, Yona G (September 2013).
2211:"How to choose optimal archiving settings – WinRAR"
3677:"The Use of FFT and MDCT in MP3 Audio Compression"
3359:
2494:"Rationale for a Large Text Compression Benchmark"
2323:"How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform"
2250:
858:(CD) holds approximately one hour of uncompressed
366:. Lossy compression is extensively used in video.
4660:MPEG 1&2 video compression intro (pdf format)
4522:Hilbert, Martin; LĂłpez, Priscila (1 April 2011).
4340:
2508:
1312:The two key video compression techniques used in
683:originated in the 1940s with the introduction of
9316:
4424:
4389:
4153:"Patent landscape for royalty-free video coding"
3590:
3588:
3586:
3179:
3097:
2923:
2898:, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 1098–1101,
1865:International Journal of Computer Science Issues
1601:(MPEG) in 1991, and it was designed to compress
1540:In 1967, A.H. Robinson and C. Cherry proposed a
1387:Usually, video compression additionally employs
810:Audio compression formats compression algorithms
800:Audio data compression, not to be confused with
706:An important image compression technique is the
459:theory, a connection more directly explained in
265:, an example of a lossy file format compared to
4390:Christley S, Lu Y, Li C, Xie X (Jan 15, 2009).
3966:
3480:Three-Dimensional Model Analysis and Processing
3395:
2466:. University of Marne la Vallee. Archived from
1320:(MC). Most video coding standards, such as the
804:, has the potential to reduce the transmission
740:algorithm developed in 1984. It is used in the
4709:What is Run length Coding in video compression
4515:
4157:Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXIX
4083:
3835:
3386:
1625:. MPEG-2 became the standard video format for
1212:(CELP) algorithm which achieved a significant
1062:Other types of lossy compressors, such as the
192:The strongest modern lossless compressors use
8920:
8626:
7809:
7795:
5946:
4729:
3942:
3583:
3416:
2609:
1890:
350:, to increase storage capacities. Similarly,
299:Most forms of lossy compression are based on
4743:
4619:Which compression technology should be used?
4383:
4341:Chanda P, Bader JS, Elhaik E (27 Jul 2012).
2776:
1981:
1605:-quality video. It was succeeded in 1994 by
1477:Processing stages of a typical video encoder
621:. Data differencing consists of producing a
436:and compression. A system that predicts the
94:, the means for mapping data onto a signal.
4306:
4268:
4230:
4115:
4113:
3992:Chen, Jie; Koc, Ut-Va; Liu, KJ Ray (2001).
3779:
3773:
3360:Cunningham, Stuart; McGregor, Iain (2019).
3180:Taubman, David; Marcellin, Michael (2012).
2660:
2444:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1270:Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
585:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2130:
2075:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1932:A Concise Introduction to Data Compression
942:
820:. In both lossy and lossless compression,
4689:Videsignline – Intro to Video Compression
4547:
4489:
4448:
4407:
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4334:
4128:Institution of Engineering and Technology
3644:
3594:
3377:
3116:
2852:
2692:
2535:
2088:
2086:
1897:Pujar, J.H.; Kadlaskar, L.M. (May 2010).
1851:
1849:
1665:context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
1663:. AVC commercially introduced the modern
605:Learn how and when to remove this message
4119:
4110:
4077:
3912:. Buenos Aires: Solidyne. Archived from
3898:
3744:
3265:
3210:
3041:
3015:
2917:
2826:"A Mathematical Theory of Communication"
2313:
2311:
2275:
2225:"(Set compression Method) switch – 7zip"
1472:
1158:(ADPCM) was introduced by P. Cummiskey,
1129:
946:
808:and storage requirements of audio data.
539:
307:(DCT). It was first proposed in 1972 by
257:
90:, for error detection and correction or
4465:
4184:
4144:
3960:
3877:Zwicker, Eberhard; et al. (1967).
3876:
3870:
3674:
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3436:
3301:The Essential Guide to Video Processing
3144:
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2875:
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2248:
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1669:context-adaptive variable-length coding
982:Due to the nature of lossy algorithms,
14:
9317:
4506:"Data Compression via Logic Synthesis"
4150:
3969:Lossless Video Codecs Comparison '2007
3476:Faxin Yu; Hao Luo; Zheming Lu (2010).
3328:
3111:. p. 1. sec. Abstract.
3018:"Copy protections could come to JPEGs"
2805:
2799:
2709:"What is Unsupervised Learning? | IBM"
2362:
2360:
2358:
2092:
2083:
1959:. Berlin: Springer. pp. 275–283.
1923:
1846:
1724:Outlook and currently unused potential
1142:Early audio research was conducted at
847:. These algorithms almost all rely on
97:Data Compression algorithms present a
78:The process of reducing the size of a
8908:
8614:
7783:
5934:
4717:
3722:Springer Science & Business Media
3297:
3266:Sullivan, Gary (8–12 December 2003).
3217:IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
3204:
3188:Springer Science & Business Media
3153:Springer Science & Business Media
2452:
2317:
2308:
1507:Then rectangular blocks of remaining
1435:
133:to represent data without losing any
4654:Audio Archiving Guide: Music Formats
4392:"Human genomes as email attachments"
4047:
3809:. Vol. 12. pp. 2161–2164.
3623:
3502:
3091:
2808:Vdelta: Differencing and Compression
2782:
2622:Data Compression Conference (DCC'06)
2412:
2281:
2157:
2139:"JPEG Image Compression FAQ, Part 1"
1954:
1812:
1469:Hybrid block-based transform formats
1238:in 1974, provided the basis for the
583:adding citations to reliable sources
550:
535:
432:There is a close connection between
4699:Data Footprint Reduction Technology
3974:(Report). Moscow State University.
3880:The Ear As A Communication Receiver
3713:
3707:
3401:
3148:Data Compression in Digital Systems
3016:Baraniuk, Chris (15 October 2015).
2944:
2783:Korn, D.; et al. (July 2002).
2491:
2355:
1948:
1806:
714:format which was introduced by the
427:
404:; domain-specific theories include
346:Lossy image compression is used in
24:
8934:
7744:Comparison of audio coding formats
4666: (archived September 28, 2007)
4631:Introduction to Compression Theory
4433:"The human genome contracts again"
4022:
4016:
3569:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1973.tb02007.x
3542:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1973.tb02007.x
2845:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
1536:Video coding format § History
1340:
1240:modified discrete cosine transform
1152:differential pulse-code modulation
1087:
1029:modified discrete cosine transform
824:is reduced, using methods such as
25:
9366:
4576:
3557:The Bell System Technical Journal
2981:"The JPEG image format explained"
2787:. Internet Engineering Task Force
2496:. Florida Institute of Technology
2458:
1788:Universal code (data compression)
1500:In the prediction stage, various
1022:
5910:
5909:
5900:
5899:
4675:Introduction to Data Compression
4181:Lecture recording, from 3:05:10.
3981:from the original on 2008-05-15.
3950:"File Compression Possibilities"
3794:from the original on 2017-02-13.
3664:from the original on 2010-07-04.
2583:IEEE Transactions on Reliability
2563:from the original on 2009-07-09.
2408:from the original on 2016-12-08.
2136:
2093:Mahmud, Salauddin (March 2012).
2010:from the original on 2013-05-20.
1919:from the original on 2010-05-24.
1381:intra-frame video coding formats
716:Joint Photographic Experts Group
555:
27:Compact encoding of digital data
4644:from the original on 2007-09-28
4498:
4294:from the original on 2019-07-06
4256:from the original on 2019-05-29
4205:
3985:
3928:
3856:
3829:
3798:
3780:Brandenburg, Karlheinz (1999).
3738:
3695:from the original on 2014-01-24
3617:
3548:
3521:
3353:
3322:
3291:
3259:
3173:
3009:
2973:
2913:from the original on 2005-10-08
2864:from the original on 2011-05-24
2751:
2726:
2701:
2680:
2663:"What Is AI Video Compression?"
2661:Gary Adcock (January 5, 2023).
2654:
2296:from the original on 2013-07-28
2217:
2203:
2115:from the original on 2013-11-02
2055:. Champaign, IL. p. 1069.
1878:from the original on 2013-03-20
1712:Genetics compression algorithms
1204:developed a form of LPC called
774:extension, was selected as the
402:Shannon's source coding theorem
99:space-time complexity trade-off
9093:Hidden file / Hidden directory
7306:ISO/IEC base media file format
4155:. In Tescher, Andrew G (ed.).
3595:Schroeder, Manfred R. (2014).
2854:11858/00-001M-0000-002C-4314-2
2824:(1948). Alcatel-Lucent (ed.).
2379:IEEE Transactions on Computers
2257:. Wolfram Media, Inc. p.
2042:
2014:
1633:. In 1999, it was followed by
1589:used for codecs have been the
1210:code-excited linear prediction
1190:Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
633:with patching reproducing the
406:algorithmic information theory
198:prediction by partial matching
13:
1:
9136:Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
4670:hydrogenaudio wiki comparison
4450:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt362
4409:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn582
4276:"MPEG-4 Visual - Patent List"
3675:Guckert, John (Spring 2012).
3530:Bell System Technical Journal
2993:. 31 May 2018. Archived from
2833:Bell System Technical Journal
2034:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1799:
1249:The world's first commercial
1192:) in 1966. During the 1970s,
1041:absolute threshold of hearing
699:(FFT) coding in 1968 and the
691:which was developed in 1950.
487:unsupervised machine learning
408:for lossless compression and
331:and HEVC) and audio (such as
4151:Reader, Cliff (2016-08-31).
3633:Found. Trends Signal Process
3484:. Berlin: Springer. p.
2758:Edwards, Benj (2023-09-28).
2349:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z
1965:10.1007/978-81-8489-989-4_51
1816:Signal coding and processing
1599:Motion Picture Experts Group
1529:
1070:for streaming applications.
744:format, introduced in 1987.
384:Lossy compression can cause
7:
9270:Comparison of file managers
9069:List of filename extensions
4584:"Part 3: Video compression"
4120:Ghanbari, Mohammed (2003).
3815:10.1109/ICASSP.1987.1169405
3329:Swartz, Charles S. (2005).
3211:Unser, M.; Blu, T. (2003).
2372:"Discrete Cosine Transform"
1740:
1706:
112:
55:is the process of encoding
10:
9371:
8317:
8139:
7749:Comparison of video codecs
6259:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1)
5791:Compressed data structures
5630:
5287:
5113:RLE + BWT + MTF + Huffman
4781:Asymmetric numeral systems
4705: (archived 2013-05-27)
4695: (archived 2010-03-15)
4625: (archived 2017-08-30)
4615: (archived 2017-08-30)
3850:10.1109/TASSP.1986.1164954
3278:Video Coding Experts Group
2904:10.1109/JRPROC.1952.273898
2189:10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221191
1778:Set redundancy compression
1758:Minimum description length
1533:
1445:
1439:
1425:discrete wavelet transform
1303:lossless video compression
1283:
1255:University of Buenos Aires
1206:adaptive predictive coding
1125:
789:
768:discrete wavelet transform
673:
547:of two revisions of a file
251:
116:
29:
9340:Film and video technology
9277:File system fragmentation
9237:
9194:
9161:
9101:
9034:
8942:
8648:
8590:
8548:
8463:
8440:
8387:
8344:
8335:
8316:
8254:
8157:
8138:
8120:
8059:
8050:
7973:
7922:
7838:
7818:
7762:
7736:
7581:
7555:
7409:
7386:
7358:
7335:
7270:
7261:
7176:
7057:
7046:
6838:
6790:
6767:
6739:
6681:
6643:
6558:
6457:
6446:
6274:
6243:
6194:
6156:
6104:
5987:
5976:
5895:
5879:
5863:
5781:
5706:
5638:
5629:
5552:
5486:
5477:
5378:
5295:
5286:
5202:
5150:Discrete cosine transform
5140:
5131:
5080:LZ77 + Huffman + context
5033:
4943:
4873:
4761:
4752:
4314:"AVC/H.264 – Patent List"
3910:Brief History of Solidyne
3759:10.1109/TASL.2010.2087755
3603:. Springer. p. 388.
3508:
2839:(3–4): 379–423, 623–656.
2546:10.1007/s10614-008-9153-3
2328:Digital Signal Processing
2249:Wolfram, Stephen (2002).
2049:Stephen, Wolfram (2002).
1354:video compression formats
1228:Discrete cosine transform
895:Meridian Lossless Packing
802:dynamic range compression
750:Portable Network Graphics
708:discrete cosine transform
530:Free Lossless Audio Codec
526:Portable Network Graphics
391:
305:discrete cosine transform
202:Burrows–Wheeler transform
164:images, programs such as
124:Lossless data compression
9081:Extended file attributes
8989:Proprietary file formats
8640:
5855:Smallest grammar problem
3624:Gray, Robert M. (2010).
2167:; J.-R. Ohm; W.-J. Han;
2145:. Independent JPEG Group
1368:compression (a temporal
1279:
1178:linear predictive coding
1064:linear predictive coding
924:(Scalable to Lossless),
785:
669:
659:differential compression
400:and, more specifically,
247:
219:probability distribution
9282:File-system permissions
7573:Alliance for Open Media
5796:Compressed suffix array
5345:Nyquist–Shannon theorem
4677:by Guy E Blelloch from
4600:, Ateme, archived from
4588:Data Compression Basics
4549:10.1126/science.1200970
4087:Proceedings of the IEEE
3782:"MP3 and AAC Explained"
3448:Audio-Video Engineering
3298:Bovik, Alan C. (2009).
3237:10.1109/TIP.2003.812329
2926:Proceedings of the IEEE
2524:Computational Economics
2391:10.1109/T-C.1974.223784
1930:Salomon, David (2008).
1691:, web software such as
1454:video compression codec
1053:Equal-loudness contours
988:digital generation loss
943:Lossy audio compression
883:list of lossless codecs
664:
438:posterior probabilities
206:probabilistic modelling
103:Computational resources
9355:Utility software types
6493:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)
4347:Nucleic Acids Research
4104:10.1109/PROC.1967.5493
4023:Li, Jian Ping (2006).
3446:Jaiswal, R.C. (2009).
2938:10.1109/PROC.1969.6869
2895:Proceedings of the IRE
2595:10.1109/TR.2005.853280
2461:"On image compression"
1587:video coding standards
1478:
1314:video coding standards
1139:
1043:and the principles of
960:
887:Direct Stream Transfer
822:information redundancy
697:fast Fourier transform
548:
410:rate–distortion theory
296:for images and video.
270:
131:statistical redundancy
107:lossy data compression
73:statistical redundancy
8536:Windows Media Encoder
8246:Windows Media Encoder
7868:GNOME Archive Manager
7511:QuickTime File Format
5825:Kolmogorov complexity
5693:Video characteristics
5070:LZ77 + Huffman + ANS
3714:Luo, Fa-Long (2008).
3510:US patent 2605361
3145:Hoffman, Roy (2012).
2822:Claude Elwood Shannon
2253:A New Kind of Science
2143:Internet FAQ Archives
1813:Wade, Graham (1994).
1753:Kolmogorov complexity
1697:Microsoft Silverlight
1657:Godo Kaisha IP Bridge
1631:SD digital television
1597:was developed by the
1476:
1446:Further information:
1297:requires a very high
1133:
1057:psychoacoustic models
950:
776:video coding standard
543:
528:(PNG) for images and
518:Large language models
450:feature space vectors
422:statistical inference
261:
9297:File synchronization
9146:Semantic file system
8969:List of file formats
8814:Protection (privacy)
7956:(decompression only)
7950:(decompression only)
7944:(decompression only)
7900:(decompression only)
7770:Compression software
7327:MPEG media transport
6404:Sorenson Video/Spark
5915:Compression software
5509:Compression artifact
5465:Psychoacoustic model
4238:"MPEG-2 Patent List"
3379:10.1155/2019/8265301
3337:Taylor & Francis
2883:David Albert Huffman
2738:blog.research.google
1934:. Berlin: Springer.
1251:broadcast automation
1230:(DCT), developed by
1198:Manfred R. Schroeder
1150:filed the patent on
1045:simultaneous masking
930:OptimFROG DualStream
738:lossless compression
579:improve this section
364:video coding formats
242:random-access memory
214:finite-state machine
119:Lossless compression
9126:Directory structure
8600:compression formats
8596:compression methods
8506:Schrödinger (Dirac)
7768:for techniques and
7766:Compression methods
6262:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)
5905:Compression formats
5544:Texture compression
5539:Standard test image
5355:Silence compression
4540:2011Sci...332...60H
4491:10.3390/info7040056
4165:2016SPIE.9971E..1BR
3956:. 17 February 2017.
3597:"Bell Laboratories"
3229:2003ITIP...12.1080U
3057:. 24 September 2013
2715:. 23 September 2021
2630:10.1109/DCC.2006.13
2574:I. Ben-Gal (2008).
2341:1991DSP.....1....4A
2052:New Kind of Science
1871:(6, No. 3): 53–59.
1793:Vector quantization
1735:Shannon information
1623:Mitsubishi Electric
1560:video coding format
1548:, T. Natarajan and
1542:run-length encoding
1448:Motion compensation
1429:Wavelet compression
1417:fractal compression
1362:motion compensation
1318:motion compensation
1286:Video coding format
1234:, T. Natarajan and
1188:) and Shuzo Saito (
1172:was first used for
866:format at a medium
812:are implemented in
792:Audio coding format
756:Wavelet compression
685:Shannon–Fano coding
174:Grammar-based codes
139:run-length encoding
9335:Digital television
9064:Filename extension
8491:Helix DNA Producer
8189:Helix DNA Producer
8172:Fraunhofer FDK AAC
5813:Information theory
5668:Display resolution
5494:Chroma subsampling
4883:Byte pair encoding
4828:Shannon–Fano–Elias
4359:10.1093/nar/gks709
4173:10.1117/12.2239493
3685:University of Utah
3646:10.1561/2000000036
2885:(September 1952),
1693:Adobe Flash Player
1524:deblocking filters
1479:
1436:Inter-frame coding
1374:Intra-frame coding
1295:Uncompressed video
1176:compression, with
1146:. There, in 1950,
1140:
1031:(MDCT) to convert
961:
918:audio file formats
701:Hadamard transform
549:
491:k-means clustering
398:information theory
379:internet telephony
271:
237:for video coding.
53:bit-rate reduction
41:information theory
9345:Video compression
9312:
9311:
9304:File verification
9057:Filename mangling
8984:Open file formats
8902:
8901:
8894:Wrangling/munging
8744:Format management
8608:
8607:
8586:
8585:
8544:
8543:
8312:
8311:
8134:
8133:
8046:
8045:
7777:
7776:
7551:
7550:
7469:DivX Media Format
7257:
7256:
7042:
7041:
6442:
6441:
6332:Microsoft Video 1
6267:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)
6253:(GB/T 20090.2/16)
5928:
5927:
5777:
5776:
5727:Deblocking filter
5625:
5624:
5473:
5472:
5282:
5281:
5127:
5126:
3424:"Format overview"
3404:"FLAC Comparison"
3079:. 27 January 1995
2268:978-1-57955-008-0
1997:Electrical Review
1974:978-81-8489-988-7
1826:978-0-521-42336-6
1585:The most popular
1423:and the use of a
1389:lossy compression
1334:container formats
1214:compression ratio
1186:Nagoya University
1170:Perceptual coding
1164:James L. Flanagan
1154:(DPCM). In 1973,
834:linear prediction
720:image file format
712:lossy compression
676:Image compression
619:data differencing
615:
614:
607:
536:Data differencing
512:signal processing
496:image compression
442:arithmetic coding
303:, especially the
275:image compression
254:Lossy compression
210:arithmetic coding
84:data transmission
16:(Redirected from
9362:
9325:Data compression
9260:Data compression
9141:Grid file system
9119:Temporary folder
9109:Directory/folder
8929:
8922:
8915:
8906:
8905:
8635:
8628:
8621:
8612:
8611:
8342:
8341:
8333:
8332:
8329:
8155:
8154:
8151:
8057:
8056:
7948:StuffIt Expander
7836:
7835:
7832:
7811:Data compression
7804:
7797:
7790:
7781:
7780:
7543:VOB, IFO and BUP
7317:Motion JPEG 2000
7268:
7267:
7055:
7054:
7014:aptX Low Latency
6791:Chinese Standard
6455:
6454:
6244:Chinese Standard
6016:Motion JPEG 2000
5985:
5984:
5955:
5948:
5941:
5932:
5931:
5913:
5912:
5903:
5902:
5732:Lapped transform
5636:
5635:
5514:Image resolution
5499:Coding tree unit
5484:
5483:
5293:
5292:
5138:
5137:
4759:
4758:
4745:Data compression
4738:
4731:
4724:
4715:
4714:
4645:
4643:
4636:
4605:
4594:Pierre Larbier,
4590:
4570:
4569:
4551:
4519:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4452:
4443:(17): 2199–202.
4428:
4422:
4421:
4411:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4370:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4318:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4293:
4280:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4255:
4242:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4201:. 22 April 2012.
4195:
4182:
4180:
4175:. Archived from
4148:
4142:
4141:
4130:. pp. 1–2.
4117:
4108:
4107:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4031:World Scientific
4020:
4014:
4013:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3973:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3946:
3940:
3939:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3874:
3868:
3867:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3844:(5): 1153–1161.
3833:
3827:
3826:
3802:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3786:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3753:(5): 1231–1241.
3742:
3736:
3735:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3694:
3681:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3648:
3630:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3592:
3581:
3580:
3563:(7): 1105–1118.
3552:
3546:
3545:
3536:(7): 1105–1118.
3525:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3483:
3473:
3462:
3461:
3443:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3223:(9): 1080–1090.
3208:
3202:
3201:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3120:
3118:10.17487/RFC1951
3099:L. Peter Deutsch
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2997:on 5 August 2019
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2961:. September 1992
2956:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2891:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2863:
2856:
2830:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2618:Carla E. Brodley
2613:
2607:
2606:
2580:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2539:
2521:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2472:
2465:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:, pp. 54 ff
2427:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2376:
2364:
2353:
2352:
2321:(January 1991).
2315:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2288:
2284:"On Compression"
2282:Arcangel, Cory.
2279:
2273:
2272:
2256:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2227:. Archived from
2221:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2114:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2074:
2066:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2033:
2025:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
1994:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1903:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1810:
1748:HTTP compression
1653:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
1463:variable bitrate
1421:matching pursuit
1391:techniques like
1316:are the DCT and
1182:Fumitada Itakura
1148:C. Chapin Cutler
1049:temporal masking
1037:frequency domain
772:Motion JPEG 2000
734:Lempel–Ziv–Welch
693:Transform coding
687:, the basis for
652:relative entropy
610:
603:
599:
596:
590:
559:
551:
434:machine learning
428:Machine learning
301:transform coding
231:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
196:models, such as
158:Lempel–Ziv–Welch
129:usually exploit
45:data compression
21:
18:Compressed video
9370:
9369:
9365:
9364:
9363:
9361:
9360:
9359:
9315:
9314:
9313:
9308:
9250:File comparison
9233:
9202:File descriptor
9190:
9157:
9097:
9030:
8974:File signatures
8938:
8933:
8903:
8898:
8874:Synchronization
8644:
8639:
8609:
8604:
8582:
8540:
8459:
8436:
8383:
8323:
8322:
8319:
8308:
8250:
8145:
8144:
8141:
8130:
8116:
8052:
8042:
8013:PKZIP/SecureZIP
7993:Archive Utility
7969:
7918:
7826:
7825:
7823:
7814:
7808:
7778:
7773:
7758:
7732:
7577:
7547:
7405:
7382:
7354:
7331:
7253:
7172:
7070:
7049:
7038:
6834:
6806:(GB/T 33475.3)
6800:(GB/T 20090.10)
6786:
6763:
6735:
6677:
6639:
6554:
6550:MPEG-H 3D Audio
6476:MPEG-1 Layer II
6466:
6449:
6438:
6270:
6239:
6190:
6152:
6100:
5996:
5979:
5972:
5959:
5929:
5924:
5891:
5875:
5859:
5840:Rate–distortion
5773:
5702:
5621:
5548:
5469:
5374:
5370:Sub-band coding
5278:
5203:Predictive type
5198:
5123:
5090:LZSS + Huffman
5040:LZ77 + Huffman
5029:
4939:
4875:Dictionary type
4869:
4771:Adaptive coding
4748:
4742:
4703:Wayback Machine
4693:Wayback Machine
4664:Wayback Machine
4641:
4634:
4628:
4623:Wayback Machine
4613:Wayback Machine
4582:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4534:(6025): 60–65.
4520:
4516:
4508:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4470:
4466:
4429:
4425:
4388:
4384:
4339:
4335:
4325:
4323:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4221:
4219:
4211:
4210:
4206:
4197:
4196:
4185:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4118:
4111:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4041:
4033:. p. 847.
4021:
4017:
4010:
3990:
3986:
3978:
3971:
3965:
3961:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3916:on 8 March 2013
3904:
3903:
3899:
3890:
3888:
3875:
3871:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3834:
3830:
3803:
3799:
3791:
3784:
3778:
3774:
3743:
3739:
3732:
3724:. p. 590.
3712:
3708:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3679:
3673:
3669:
3661:
3628:
3622:
3618:
3611:
3593:
3584:
3553:
3549:
3526:
3522:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3474:
3465:
3458:
3444:
3437:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3408:
3406:
3402:Coalson, Josh.
3400:
3396:
3391:
3387:
3358:
3354:
3347:
3339:. p. 147.
3327:
3323:
3316:
3308:. p. 355.
3296:
3292:
3282:
3280:
3264:
3260:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3178:
3174:
3163:
3155:. p. 124.
3143:
3139:
3130:
3128:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3060:
3058:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2964:
2962:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2922:
2918:
2910:
2889:
2880:
2876:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2828:
2819:
2815:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2781:
2777:
2768:
2766:
2756:
2752:
2743:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2718:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2659:
2655:
2640:
2624:. p. 332.
2614:
2610:
2578:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2537:10.1.1.627.3751
2519:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2492:Mahoney, Matt.
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2463:
2459:Marak, Laszlo.
2457:
2453:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2374:
2365:
2356:
2316:
2309:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2247:
2243:
2234:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2135:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2097:
2091:
2084:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2047:
2043:
2027:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2007:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1901:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1860:
1854:
1847:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1783:Sub-band coding
1743:
1726:
1709:
1538:
1532:
1471:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1343:
1341:Encoding theory
1292:
1282:
1160:Nikil S. Jayant
1128:
1120:ÎĽ-law algorithm
1116:A-law algorithm
1093:Speech encoding
1090:
1088:Speech encoding
1025:
977:auditory system
972:optimizations.
945:
849:psychoacoustics
798:
788:
678:
672:
667:
611:
600:
594:
591:
576:
560:
538:
430:
394:
386:generation loss
360:streaming video
348:digital cameras
292:for sound, and
290:psychoacoustics
256:
250:
178:data collection
170:Huffman encoded
121:
115:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9368:
9358:
9357:
9352:
9350:Videotelephony
9347:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9310:
9309:
9307:
9306:
9301:
9300:
9299:
9294:
9284:
9279:
9274:
9273:
9272:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9241:
9239:
9235:
9234:
9232:
9231:
9226:
9225:
9224:
9219:
9209:
9204:
9198:
9196:
9192:
9191:
9189:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9167:
9165:
9159:
9158:
9156:
9155:
9150:
9149:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9128:
9123:
9122:
9121:
9116:
9105:
9103:
9099:
9098:
9096:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9084:
9083:
9076:File attribute
9073:
9072:
9071:
9061:
9060:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9038:
9036:
9032:
9031:
9029:
9028:
9026:Zero-byte file
9023:
9021:Temporary file
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8992:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8961:
8956:
8946:
8944:
8940:
8939:
8936:Computer files
8932:
8931:
8924:
8917:
8909:
8900:
8899:
8897:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8836:
8831:
8826:
8821:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8799:Pre-processing
8796:
8791:
8786:
8781:
8776:
8771:
8766:
8761:
8756:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8735:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8649:
8646:
8645:
8638:
8637:
8630:
8623:
8615:
8606:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8591:
8588:
8587:
8584:
8583:
8581:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8554:
8552:
8546:
8545:
8542:
8541:
8539:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8467:
8465:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8457:
8452:
8446:
8444:
8438:
8437:
8435:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8409:
8404:
8399:
8393:
8391:
8385:
8384:
8382:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8350:
8348:
8339:
8330:
8314:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8279:Monkey's Audio
8276:
8271:
8266:
8260:
8258:
8252:
8251:
8249:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8207:
8206:
8201:
8191:
8186:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8177:Nero AAC Codec
8174:
8163:
8161:
8152:
8136:
8135:
8132:
8131:
8126:
8124:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8063:
8061:
8054:
8048:
8047:
8044:
8043:
8041:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7979:
7977:
7971:
7970:
7968:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7954:The Unarchiver
7951:
7945:
7939:
7934:
7928:
7926:
7920:
7919:
7917:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7895:
7890:
7885:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7844:
7842:
7833:
7816:
7815:
7807:
7806:
7799:
7792:
7784:
7775:
7774:
7763:
7760:
7759:
7757:
7756:
7754:List of codecs
7751:
7746:
7740:
7738:
7734:
7733:
7731:
7730:
7729:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7691:
7690:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7664:
7663:
7662:
7657:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7610:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7587:
7585:
7579:
7578:
7576:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7559:
7557:
7556:Collaborations
7553:
7552:
7549:
7548:
7546:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7507:
7506:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7460:
7459:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7413:
7411:
7407:
7406:
7404:
7403:
7398:
7392:
7390:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7364:
7362:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7341:
7339:
7333:
7332:
7330:
7329:
7324:
7322:MPEG-21 Part 9
7319:
7314:
7311:MPEG-4 Part 14
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7292:
7291:
7280:
7278:
7265:
7259:
7258:
7255:
7254:
7252:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7180:
7178:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7084:
7082:
7052:
7044:
7043:
7040:
7039:
7037:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6891:Monkey's Audio
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6842:
6840:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6831:(SJ/T 11299.4)
6826:
6821:
6815:
6814:
6813:
6801:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6773:
6771:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6745:
6743:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6687:
6685:
6679:
6678:
6676:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6649:
6647:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6581:
6580:
6575:
6564:
6562:
6556:
6555:
6553:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6511:
6510:
6505:
6495:
6490:
6488:MPEG-1 Layer I
6485:
6484:
6483:
6472:
6470:
6452:
6444:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6380:
6379:
6374:
6366:
6365:
6364:
6359:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6278:
6276:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6263:
6254:
6247:
6245:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6201:
6199:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6162:
6160:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6114:
6112:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6094:Part 2 / LCEVC
6091:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6002:
6000:
5982:
5974:
5973:
5958:
5957:
5950:
5943:
5935:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5907:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5889:
5883:
5881:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5873:
5867:
5865:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5810:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5787:
5785:
5779:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5713:
5711:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5642:
5640:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5481:
5475:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5396:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5299:
5297:
5290:
5284:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5274:Psychoacoustic
5271:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5219:
5218:
5217:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5146:
5144:
5142:Transform type
5135:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5106:
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4577:External links
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4437:Bioinformatics
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4396:Bioinformatics
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4179:on 2016-12-08.
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4065:on 23 May 2013
4055:"Video Coding"
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4002:. p. 71.
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3639:(4): 203–303.
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2507:
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2473:on 28 May 2015
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2165:G. J. Sullivan
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2013:
2003:(4): 279–285.
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1661:LG Electronics
1534:Main article:
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1495:motion vectors
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1440:Main article:
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1370:delta encoding
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1194:Bishnu S. Atal
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1023:Coding methods
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970:psychoacoustic
951:Comparison of
944:
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891:Super Audio CD
787:
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780:digital cinema
752:(PNG) format.
728:digital photos
724:digital images
689:Huffman coding
681:Entropy coding
674:Main article:
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414:Claude Shannon
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7088:CCITT Group 4
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7019:aptX Adaptive
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6769:Bluetooth SIG
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6065:Part 2 / HEVC
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6053:Part 33 / IVC
6051:
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6048:Part 10 / AVC
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5794:
5793:
5792:
5789:
5788:
5786:
5784:
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5768:
5765:
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5758:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5746:
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5738:
5737:
5735:
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5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5705:
5699:
5698:Video quality
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
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5643:
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5628:
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5613:
5611:
5608:
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5603:
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5598:
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5593:
5591:
5588:
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5407:
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5401:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5377:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:Speech coding
5363:
5361:
5360:Sound quality
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5335:Dynamic range
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5304:
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5275:
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5139:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5100:LZ77 + Range
5099:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5071:
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4994:
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4990:
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4779:
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4710:
4707:
4704:
4700:
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4690:
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4685:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4673:
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4650:
4647:
4640:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4624:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4604:on 2009-09-05
4603:
4599:
4598:
4592:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
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4364:
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4322:
4315:
4309:
4290:
4286:
4285:
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4252:
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4233:
4218:
4214:
4208:
4200:
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4188:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4137:9780852967102
4133:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4116:
4114:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4080:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4050:
4042:
4040:9789812709998
4036:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4019:
4011:
4009:9780203904183
4005:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3988:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3955:
3951:
3945:
3937:
3931:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3887:on 2000-09-14
3886:
3882:
3881:
3873:
3866:(in Spanish).
3865:
3859:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3832:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3801:
3790:
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3776:
3768:
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3760:
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3741:
3733:
3731:9780387782638
3727:
3723:
3719:
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3710:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3678:
3671:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3610:9783319056609
3606:
3602:
3598:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3551:
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3539:
3535:
3531:
3524:
3511:
3505:
3497:
3495:9783642126512
3491:
3487:
3482:
3481:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3459:
3457:9788190639675
3453:
3449:
3442:
3440:
3425:
3419:
3405:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3348:
3346:9780240806174
3342:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3315:9780080922508
3311:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3294:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3262:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3199:
3197:9781461507994
3193:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3176:
3169:
3168:entire image.
3164:
3162:9781461560319
3158:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3127:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3078:
3072:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3012:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2976:
2960:
2953:
2947:
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2935:
2931:
2927:
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2909:
2905:
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2897:
2896:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2860:
2855:
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2842:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2809:
2802:
2786:
2779:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2695:
2690:
2683:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2639:0-7695-2545-8
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2612:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2495:
2488:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2447:
2441:
2424:
2423:
2415:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2312:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2270:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2254:
2245:
2231:on 2022-04-09
2230:
2226:
2220:
2212:
2206:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:: 1649–1668.
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2144:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2078:
2072:
2064:
2062:1-57955-008-8
2058:
2054:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2031:
2023:
2017:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1941:9781848000728
1937:
1933:
1926:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1850:
1842:
1840:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1768:Motion coding
1766:
1764:
1763:Modulo-N code
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:Blu-ray Discs
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1519:
1517:
1516:entropy coder
1512:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1502:deduplication
1498:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:video quality
1399:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1244:Dolby Digital
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:speech coding
1171:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:Adaptive DPCM
1153:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1132:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
996:
994:
989:
985:
984:audio quality
980:
978:
973:
971:
967:
958:
954:
949:
940:
938:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
876:curve fitting
871:
869:
865:
861:
860:high fidelity
857:
852:
850:
846:
842:
837:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
797:
793:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:, the use of
757:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
677:
662:
660:
655:
653:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
609:
606:
598:
588:
584:
580:
574:
573:
569:
564:This section
562:
558:
553:
552:
546:
542:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
513:
509:
505:
499:
497:
492:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
468:NVIDIA Maxine
464:
462:
458:
455:According to
453:
451:
446:
443:
439:
435:
425:
423:
419:
418:coding theory
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
389:
387:
382:
380:
376:
375:speech coding
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
295:
294:psychovisuals
291:
286:
281:
276:
268:
264:
260:
255:
245:
243:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
194:probabilistic
190:
188:
184:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
120:
110:
108:
104:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
49:source coding
46:
42:
37:
33:
19:
9292:File sharing
9265:File manager
9259:
9255:File copying
9102:Organisation
9047:8.3 filename
9001:Sidecar file
8979:Magic number
8804:Preservation
8794:Philanthropy
8687:
8658:Augmentation
8573:MSU Lossless
8417:Nero Digital
8364:Nero Digital
7878:KGB Archiver
7810:
7582:
6820:(GB/T 22726)
6481:Multichannel
6337:MSU Lossless
6251:AVS1 P2/AVS+
6205:TrueMotion S
6143:H.265 / HEVC
6089:Part 1 / EVC
6077:Part 3 / VVC
6043:Part 2 / ASP
5964:
5871:Hutter Prize
5835:Quantization
5740:Compensation
5534:Quantization
5257:Compensation
4823:Shannon–Fano
4763:Entropy type
4744:
4630:
4602:the original
4596:
4587:
4531:
4527:
4517:
4500:
4481:
4477:
4467:
4440:
4436:
4426:
4402:(2): 274–5.
4399:
4395:
4385:
4353:(20): e159.
4350:
4346:
4336:
4324:. Retrieved
4320:
4308:
4296:. Retrieved
4282:
4270:
4258:. Retrieved
4244:
4232:
4220:. Retrieved
4216:
4207:
4177:the original
4156:
4146:
4122:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4067:. Retrieved
4063:the original
4059:CSIP website
4058:
4049:
4025:
4018:
3994:
3987:
3962:
3953:
3944:
3930:
3918:. Retrieved
3914:the original
3909:
3900:
3889:. Retrieved
3885:the original
3879:
3872:
3858:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3806:
3800:
3775:
3750:
3746:
3740:
3716:
3709:
3697:. Retrieved
3683:
3670:
3636:
3632:
3619:
3600:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3504:
3479:
3447:
3427:. Retrieved
3418:
3407:. Retrieved
3397:
3388:
3369:
3365:
3355:
3331:
3324:
3300:
3293:
3283:13 September
3281:. Retrieved
3271:
3261:
3220:
3216:
3206:
3182:
3175:
3166:
3147:
3140:
3129:. Retrieved
3103:
3101:(May 1996).
3093:
3081:. Retrieved
3071:
3061:13 September
3059:. Retrieved
3054:The Atlantic
3052:
3043:
3033:13 September
3031:. Retrieved
3021:
3011:
2999:. Retrieved
2995:the original
2984:
2975:
2963:. Retrieved
2946:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2893:
2877:
2866:. Retrieved
2836:
2832:
2816:
2807:
2801:
2789:. Retrieved
2778:
2767:. Retrieved
2764:Ars Technica
2763:
2753:
2742:. Retrieved
2740:. 2023-05-25
2737:
2728:
2717:. Retrieved
2712:
2703:
2682:
2670:. Retrieved
2666:
2656:
2621:
2611:
2586:
2582:
2569:
2527:
2523:
2510:
2498:. Retrieved
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2468:the original
2454:
2430:, retrieved
2421:
2414:
2385:(1): 90–93.
2382:
2378:
2332:
2326:
2319:Ahmed, Nasir
2298:. Retrieved
2277:
2252:
2244:
2233:. Retrieved
2229:the original
2219:
2205:
2176:
2172:
2159:
2147:. Retrieved
2142:
2117:. Retrieved
2105:
2101:
2051:
2044:
2021:
2016:
2000:
1996:
1983:
1956:
1950:
1931:
1925:
1912:(1): 18–23.
1909:
1905:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1868:
1864:
1836:
1830:. Retrieved
1815:
1808:
1773:Range coding
1727:
1710:
1689:iTunes Store
1667:(CABAC) and
1651:
1584:
1554:
1539:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1480:
1456:records the
1451:
1414:
1393:quantization
1386:
1378:
1351:
1344:
1332:
1330:
1311:
1293:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1248:
1226:
1168:
1141:
1138:for PC, 1990
1113:
1098:
1091:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1026:
997:
981:
974:
962:
957:bandlimiting
953:spectrograms
934:
915:
903:Dolby TrueHD
880:
872:
856:compact disc
853:
838:
830:quantization
799:
754:
732:
705:
679:
658:
656:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
616:
601:
592:
577:Please help
565:
516:
500:
484:
465:
461:Hutter Prize
454:
447:
431:
395:
383:
371:audio signal
368:
345:
298:
272:
239:
191:
143:
122:
96:
77:
59:using fewer
52:
48:
44:
38:
36:
9131:File system
9016:System file
9006:Sparse file
8964:File format
8950:Binary file
8864:Stewardship
8754:Integration
8703:Degradation
8688:Compression
8668:Archaeology
8653:Acquisition
8320:compression
8142:compression
8053:compressors
7824:compression
7538:MOD and TOD
7479:Flash Video
7417:3GP and 3G2
7098:HEIC / HEIF
7050:compression
6810:Audio Vivid
6545:MPEG-D USAC
6540:MPEG-4 CELP
6535:MPEG-4 HVXC
6450:compression
6282:Apple Video
6198:and AOMedia
6148:H.266 / VVC
6138:H.264 / AVC
5980:compression
5965:compression
5830:Prefix code
5683:Frame types
5504:Color space
5330:Convolution
5060:LZ77 + ANS
4971:Incremental
4944:Other types
4863:Levenshtein
4478:Information
4098:: 356–364.
2713:www.ibm.com
2616:D. Scully;
2368:Nasir Ahmed
2137:Lane, Tom.
1593:standards.
1546:Nasir Ahmed
1458:differences
1442:Inter frame
1366:Inter-frame
1301:. Although
1290:Video codec
1232:Nasir Ahmed
1033:time domain
796:Audio codec
736:(LZW) is a
643:difference.
309:Nasir Ahmed
154:Terry Welch
135:information
92:line coding
57:information
32:Source code
9319:Categories
9238:Management
9163:Operations
9114:NTFS links
9035:Properties
8884:Validation
8819:Publishing
8809:Processing
8779:Management
8693:Corruption
8683:Collection
8594:See also:
8501:libavcodec
8346:MPEG-4 ASP
8326:comparison
8274:libavcodec
8216:libavcodec
8148:comparison
7975:Commercial
7829:comparison
7772:for codecs
7719:Daubechies
7694:Transforms
7596:Arithmetic
7263:Containers
6968:True Audio
6812:(GY/T 363)
6530:MPEG-4 DST
6525:MPEG-4 SLS
6520:MPEG-4 ALS
6394:SheerVideo
6368:QuickTime
6196:TrueMotion
5962:Multimedia
5887:Mark Adler
5845:Redundancy
5762:Daubechies
5745:Estimation
5678:Frame rate
5600:Daubechies
5560:Chain code
5519:Macroblock
5325:Companding
5262:Estimation
5182:Daubechies
4888:Lempel–Ziv
4848:Exp-Golomb
4776:Arithmetic
3891:2011-11-11
3429:2020-08-23
3409:2020-08-23
3131:2014-04-23
2868:2019-04-21
2769:2024-03-07
2744:2024-03-16
2719:2024-02-05
2694:2006.09965
2667:massive.io
2432:2009-11-07
2335:(1): 4–5.
2235:2021-11-07
2169:T. Wiegand
1832:2011-12-22
1800:References
1568:PictureTel
1347:redundancy
1284:See also:
1136:sound card
986:suffers a
922:MPEG-4 SLS
897:, used in
889:, used in
832:, DCT and
790:See also:
623:difference
545:Comparison
476:TensorFlow
362:use lossy
146:Lempel–Ziv
127:algorithms
9207:Hard link
9088:File size
9011:Swap file
8959:Data file
8954:text file
8889:Warehouse
8854:Scrubbing
8834:Retention
8829:Reduction
8784:Migration
8759:Integrity
8727:Transform
8678:Cleansing
8526:libtheora
8427:QuickTime
8289:OptimFROG
8241:libvorbis
8008:MacBinary
8003:BetterZip
7965:ZipGenius
7904:Xarchiver
7820:Archivers
7521:RealMedia
7123:JPEG 2000
6926:RealAudio
6906:OptimFROG
6384:RealVideo
6372:Animation
6342:OMS Video
5969:container
5864:Community
5688:Interlace
5074:Zstandard
4853:Fibonacci
4843:Universal
4801:Canonical
4637:, Wiley,
4566:206531385
4484:(4): 56.
4000:CRC Press
3655:1932-8346
3577:0005-8580
2932:: 58–68.
2532:CiteSeerX
2399:149806273
2071:cite book
2030:cite book
1647:Panasonic
1552:in 1974.
1550:K. R. Rao
1410:artifacts
1398:trade-off
1299:data rate
1236:K. R. Rao
1202:Bell Labs
1144:Bell Labs
899:DVD-Audio
816:as audio
806:bandwidth
782:in 2004.
764:JPEG 2000
703:in 1969.
657:The term
595:July 2024
566:does not
323:(such as
313:K. R. Rao
285:luminance
280:trade-off
80:data file
9212:Shortcut
9042:Filename
8996:Metafile
8859:Security
8849:Scraping
8824:Recovery
8698:Curation
8663:Analysis
8568:Lagarith
8550:Lossless
8516:Sorenson
8471:CineForm
8422:OpenH264
8402:Blu-code
8256:Lossless
8236:Musepack
8231:libspeex
8122:For code
8107:XZ Utils
8072:compress
7924:Freeware
7873:Info-ZIP
7858:Expander
7813:software
7640:Lossless
7606:Modified
7499:Matroska
7378:Matroska
7289:MPEG-PES
6901:Musepack
6798:AVS1 P10
6377:Graphics
6327:Lagarith
5850:Symmetry
5818:Timeline
5801:FM-index
5646:Bit rate
5639:Concepts
5487:Concepts
5350:Sampling
5303:Bit rate
5296:Concepts
4998:Sequitur
4833:Tunstall
4806:Modified
4796:Adaptive
4754:Lossless
4639:archived
4558:21310967
4459:23793748
4418:18996942
4377:22844100
4289:Archived
4251:Archived
3976:Archived
3823:58446992
3789:Archived
3690:Archived
3659:Archived
3372:: 1–16.
3245:18237979
3023:BBC News
3001:5 August
2991:BT Group
2908:archived
2859:Archived
2648:12311412
2558:Archived
2554:17234503
2440:citation
2403:Archived
2291:Archived
2110:Archived
2108:(3): 2.
2005:Archived
1914:Archived
1873:Archived
1741:See also
1731:exabytes
1707:Genetics
1406:bit rate
1400:between
1118:and the
966:Internet
868:bit rate
814:software
760:wavelets
637:given a
625:given a
522:DeepMind
504:centroid
183:Sequitur
113:Lossless
69:lossless
9195:Linking
8869:Storage
8844:Science
8839:Quality
8769:Lineage
8764:Library
8739:Farming
8722:Extract
8708:Editing
8563:Huffyuv
8476:Cinepak
8397:CoreAVC
8299:WavPack
8294:Shorten
8226:libopus
8221:libcelt
8211:TooLAME
8060:Generic
8023:StuffIt
7863:FreeArc
7714:Wavelet
7655:DEFLATE
7601:Huffman
7591:Entropy
7583:Methods
7568:MPEG LA
7457:Smacker
7345:H.222.0
7301:MPEG-TS
7296:MPEG-PS
7284:MPEG-ES
7168:TIFF/IT
7163:TIFF/EP
7148:JPEG XT
7143:JPEG XS
7138:JPEG XR
7133:JPEG XL
7128:JPEG-LS
7009:aptX HD
6989:WavPack
6931:RTAudio
6871:Codec 2
6804:AVS2 P3
6731:GSM-EFR
6701:AMR-WB+
6635:G.729.1
6615:G.723.1
6605:G.722.2
6600:G.722.1
6399:Smacker
6389:RTVideo
6317:Huffyuv
6297:Cinepak
6257:AVS2 P2
5971:formats
5808:Entropy
5757:Wavelet
5736:Motion
5595:Wavelet
5575:Fractal
5570:Deflate
5553:Methods
5340:Latency
5253:Motion
5177:Wavelet
5094:LHA/LZH
5044:Deflate
4993:Re-Pair
4988:Grammar
4818:Shannon
4791:Huffman
4747:methods
4701:at the
4691:at the
4662:at the
4621:at the
4611:at the
4536:Bibcode
4528:Science
4368:3488212
4321:MPEG LA
4284:MPEG LA
4246:MPEG LA
4222:11 July
4161:Bibcode
4069:6 March
3920:6 March
3699:14 July
3253:2765169
3225:Bibcode
2965:12 July
2791:5 March
2672:6 April
2603:9376086
2500:5 March
2477:6 March
2337:Bibcode
2300:6 March
2149:6 March
2119:6 March
1882:6 March
1681:Netflix
1677:YouTube
1643:Hitachi
1619:Thomson
1580:Toshiba
1564:Hitachi
1530:History
1263:Audicom
1126:History
1108:hearing
1074:Latency
937:editing
926:WavPack
907:Blu-ray
746:DEFLATE
648:entropy
631:target,
587:removed
572:sources
356:Blu-ray
187:Re-Pair
150:DEFLATE
9245:Backup
9222:Shadow
8789:Mining
8749:Fusion
8531:libvpx
8464:Others
8412:FFmpeg
8369:FFmpeg
8284:mp4als
8102:Snappy
8038:WinZip
8033:WinRAR
8028:WinAce
7960:TUGZip
7932:Filzip
7893:PeaZip
7516:RatDVD
7410:Others
7177:Others
6979:VMR-WB
6974:TwinVQ
6839:Others
6726:GSM-FR
6721:GSM-HR
6711:EVRC-B
6696:AMR-WB
6668:Vorbis
6508:AAC-LD
6503:HE-AAC
6409:Theora
6352:ProRes
6347:Pixlet
6275:Others
6084:MPEG-5
6072:MPEG-I
6060:MPEG-H
6038:MPEG-4
6031:Part 2
6026:MPEG-2
6021:MPEG-1
5919:codecs
5880:People
5783:Theory
5750:Vector
5267:Vector
5084:Brotli
5034:Hybrid
4933:Snappy
4786:Golomb
4564:
4556:
4457:
4416:
4375:
4365:
4326:6 July
4298:6 July
4260:7 July
4134:
4037:
4006:
3821:
3767:897622
3765:
3728:
3653:
3607:
3575:
3516:
3492:
3454:
3343:
3312:
3251:
3243:
3194:
3159:
3083:26 May
2986:BT.com
2646:
2636:
2601:
2552:
2534:
2397:
2265:
2195:
2179:(12).
2059:
1971:
1938:
1823:
1729:1,300
1717:HapMap
1687:, and
1635:MPEG-4
1607:MPEG-2
1595:MPEG-1
1358:codecs
1259:IBM PC
928:, and
911:HD DVD
841:Vorbis
826:coding
818:codecs
641:and a
639:source
635:target
629:and a
627:source
480:MATLAB
472:OpenCV
392:Theory
341:Vorbis
200:. The
156:, the
9217:Alias
9186:Write
9176:Close
8943:Types
8496:Indeo
8486:DNxHD
8481:Daala
8389:H.264
8337:Lossy
8318:Video
8199:l3enc
8159:Lossy
8140:Audio
8067:bzip2
7988:ALZip
7942:Lhasa
7909:Zipeg
7848:7-Zip
7737:Lists
7682:ADPCM
7677:µ-law
7672:A-law
7645:Lossy
7618:ACELP
7563:NETVC
7388:SMPTE
7350:T.802
7337:ITU-T
7313:(MP4)
7113:JBIG2
7076:ITU-T
7048:Image
6984:VSELP
6961:SVOPC
6951:Siren
6921:RCELP
6916:QCELP
6861:ATRAC
6846:ACELP
6663:Speex
6630:G.729
6625:G.728
6620:G.726
6610:G.723
6595:G.722
6590:G.719
6585:G.718
6578:µ-law
6573:A-law
6568:G.711
6560:ITU-T
6448:Audio
6322:Indeo
6302:Daala
6158:SMPTE
6133:H.263
6128:H.262
6123:H.261
6118:H.120
6106:ITU-T
6011:MJPEG
5978:Video
5710:parts
5708:Codec
5673:Frame
5631:Video
5615:SPIHT
5524:Pixel
5479:Image
5433:ACELP
5404:ADPCM
5394:ÎĽ-law
5389:A-law
5382:parts
5380:Codec
5288:Audio
5227:ACELP
5215:ADPCM
5192:SPIHT
5133:Lossy
5117:bzip2
5108:LZHAM
5064:LZFSE
4966:Delta
4858:Gamma
4838:Unary
4813:Range
4642:(PDF)
4635:(PDF)
4562:S2CID
4509:(PDF)
4317:(PDF)
4292:(PDF)
4279:(PDF)
4254:(PDF)
4241:(PDF)
4094:(3).
3979:(PDF)
3972:(PDF)
3819:S2CID
3792:(PDF)
3785:(PDF)
3763:S2CID
3693:(PDF)
3680:(PDF)
3662:(PDF)
3629:(PDF)
3273:ITU-T
3249:S2CID
2959:CCITT
2955:(PDF)
2911:(PDF)
2890:(PDF)
2862:(PDF)
2829:(PDF)
2689:arXiv
2644:S2CID
2599:S2CID
2579:(PDF)
2561:(PDF)
2550:S2CID
2520:(PDF)
2471:(PDF)
2464:(PDF)
2426:(PDF)
2406:(PDF)
2395:S2CID
2375:(PDF)
2294:(PDF)
2287:(PDF)
2197:64404
2193:S2CID
2113:(PDF)
2098:(PDF)
2008:(PDF)
1993:(PDF)
1917:(PDF)
1902:(PDF)
1876:(PDF)
1861:(PDF)
1685:Vimeo
1639:H.263
1611:H.262
1556:H.261
1509:pixel
1491:H.261
1483:ITU-T
1352:Most
1322:H.26x
1307:H.264
1280:Video
1078:frame
916:Some
786:Audio
670:Image
508:image
321:video
248:Lossy
227:H.263
166:PKZIP
65:lossy
51:, or
9181:Read
9171:Open
9153:Path
8879:Type
8774:Loss
8732:Load
8642:Data
8598:and
8578:YULS
8558:FFV1
8455:x265
8450:DivX
8442:HEVC
8432:x264
8407:DivX
8379:Xvid
8374:HDX4
8359:DivX
8354:3ivx
8304:L2HC
8269:FLAC
8264:ALAC
8204:LAME
8182:FAAC
8112:zstd
8097:rzip
8092:pack
8087:lzop
8082:lzip
8077:gzip
7914:ZPAQ
7822:with
7764:See
7709:MDCT
7687:DPCM
7633:WLPC
7623:CELP
7526:RIFF
7504:WebM
7494:M2TS
7484:HEIF
7452:Bink
7432:AIFF
7360:IETF
7249:WebP
7244:WBMP
7239:QTVR
7219:ICER
7214:FLIF
7204:DjVu
7194:AVIF
7184:APNG
7158:TIFF
7118:JPEG
7108:JBIG
7103:HEVC
7080:JPEG
7067:IETF
7034:LLAC
7029:LHDC
7024:LDAC
7004:aptX
6965:TTA
6946:SILK
6886:MELP
6881:Lyra
6876:iSAC
6866:CELT
6856:Asao
6851:ALAC
6829:ExAC
6824:L2HC
6754:AC-4
6749:AC-3
6741:ETSI
6706:EVRC
6683:3GPP
6673:FLAC
6658:iLBC
6653:Opus
6645:IETF
6468:MPEG
6434:YULS
6414:Thor
6362:4444
6312:FFV1
6292:Bink
6186:VC-6
6181:VC-5
6176:VC-3
6171:VC-2
6166:VC-1
6110:VCEG
5998:MPEG
5967:and
5722:DPCM
5529:PSNR
5460:MDCT
5453:WLPC
5438:CELP
5399:DPCM
5247:WLPC
5232:CELP
5210:DPCM
5160:MDCT
5104:LZMA
5005:LDCT
4983:DPCM
4928:LZWL
4918:LZSS
4913:LZRW
4903:LZJB
4554:PMID
4455:PMID
4414:PMID
4373:PMID
4328:2019
4300:2019
4262:2019
4224:2019
4132:ISBN
4096:IEEE
4071:2013
4035:ISBN
4004:ISBN
3922:2013
3726:ISBN
3701:2019
3651:ISSN
3605:ISBN
3573:ISSN
3490:ISBN
3452:ISBN
3370:2019
3341:ISBN
3310:ISBN
3285:2019
3241:PMID
3192:ISBN
3157:ISBN
3126:1951
3109:IETF
3085:2015
3063:2019
3035:2019
3003:2019
2967:2019
2793:2013
2674:2023
2634:ISBN
2502:2013
2479:2013
2446:link
2383:C-23
2302:2013
2263:ISBN
2259:1069
2181:IEEE
2151:2013
2121:2013
2077:link
2057:ISBN
2036:link
2001:2011
1969:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1884:2013
1821:ISBN
1701:HDTV
1695:and
1659:and
1645:and
1629:and
1621:and
1615:Sony
1591:MPEG
1578:and
1404:and
1379:The
1356:and
1326:MPEG
1324:and
1288:and
1274:JSAC
1220:and
1196:and
1162:and
1017:SCL6
1015:and
1009:LHDC
1005:LDAC
1001:aptX
909:and
893:and
843:and
794:and
778:for
726:and
665:Uses
570:any
568:cite
510:and
457:AIXI
420:and
358:and
352:DVDs
339:and
325:MPEG
317:HEIF
235:HEVC
233:and
223:JPEG
185:and
144:The
61:bits
8717:ELT
8713:ETL
8673:Big
8521:VP7
8511:SBC
8194:MP3
8167:AAC
8128:UPX
7998:ARJ
7983:ARC
7937:LHA
7898:XAD
7888:pax
7883:PAQ
7853:Ark
7724:DWT
7704:FFT
7699:DCT
7667:PCM
7660:LZW
7628:LSP
7613:LPC
7531:WAV
7489:IFF
7474:EVO
7464:BMP
7447:BPG
7437:AVI
7427:ASF
7422:AMV
7401:MXF
7396:GXF
7373:Ogg
7368:RTP
7276:IEC
7272:ISO
7234:QOI
7229:PGF
7224:MNG
7209:EXR
7199:BPG
7189:AV1
7153:PNG
7093:GIF
7072:W3C
7063:ISO
7059:IEC
6999:MQA
6994:WMA
6956:SMV
6941:SHN
6936:SD2
6911:OSQ
6896:MT9
6818:DRA
6782:LC3
6777:SBC
6759:DTS
6716:EVS
6691:AMR
6498:AAC
6463:IEC
6459:ISO
6429:XEB
6424:WMV
6357:422
6307:DVI
6287:AVS
6235:AV1
6230:VP9
6225:VP8
6220:VP7
6215:VP6
6210:VP3
5993:IEC
5989:ISO
5767:DWT
5717:DCT
5661:VBR
5656:CBR
5651:ABR
5610:EZW
5605:DWT
5590:RLE
5580:KLT
5565:DCT
5448:LSP
5443:LAR
5428:LPC
5421:FFT
5318:VBR
5313:CBR
5308:ABR
5242:LSP
5237:LAR
5222:LPC
5187:DWT
5172:FFT
5167:DST
5155:DCT
5054:LZS
5049:LZX
5025:RLE
5020:PPM
5015:PAQ
5010:MTF
4978:DMC
4956:CTW
4951:BWT
4923:LZW
4908:LZO
4898:LZ4
4893:842
4679:CMU
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