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369:. The Protocol is one of a number of documents regulating relations between the two republics at the diplomatic level. After Stepanakert, the name CIS-2 (Commonwealth of Unrecognized States) became widespread, and the founders began using it. For example, in 2005, the head of the Foreign Ministry of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic contrasted the CIS-2 and
381:
to coordinate their actions within the framework of the CIS-2 bloc they created. In
September 2002, the head of the foreign policy department of South Ossetia announced the possibility of creating a military bloc in the future by the unrecognized states that arose on the territory of the former USSR.
339:
For the next meeting of the foreign ministers of
Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Transnistria, and South Ossetia, which took place in Stepanakert (Khankendi) on 2-3 July 2001, the advisory council developed regulations for the organization, which were adopted at the meeting. A Joint Statement and a Final
414:
in force at that time, and referendums on the independence of the "small metropolises" did not take place in the autonomies themselves. However, the bill received negative opinions from the State Duma
Committees on International Affairs and Federation Affairs and Regional Policy. During the voting,
482:
On 27 September 2009 three members of the
Community for Democracy and Peoples' Rights (all but Nagorno-Karabakh) agreed to abolish the visa regimes for their citizens. The agreement came into effect one month after its ratification by all three parliaments. It lasted for five years, after which it
335:
from 20-22 November 2000, the
Foreign Ministers of Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria decided to establish a permanent coordinating body – the Meeting of Foreign Ministers. According to another source, the body was called the Committee of Foreign Ministers of Unrecognized
393:
faction on amendments to the previously adopted constitutional law "On the procedure for admitting to Russia and forming a new subject of the
Russian Federation within it." According to the bill, former Soviet autonomies could become part of Russia based on the will of the people living in this
478:
conflicts. It calls for barring all types of pressure, such as military deployments, diplomatic isolation, economic blockades, or information wars, during negotiations toward resolution of conflicts. It also calls for external guarantees to eventual political settlements of these conflicts.
409:
According to Andrei
Savelyev, the bill could "correct historical injustice": during the collapse of the USSR, the republican authorities ("small metropolises") did not hold referendums on secession from the USSR in the autonomous entities (future unrecognized states), thus violating the
376:
Subsequently, this gave rise to writing in the press that the idea of creating the CIS-2 at one time originated in
Stepanakert. A number of meetings were held within the framework of the CIS-2. Thus, in March 2002, the heads of the unrecognized states held a meeting in
212:
229:
442:, which was called a turning point in Russian policy towards the CIS-2. A meeting of the heads of the Republic of Abkhazia, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, and South Ossetia was planned for 22 April 2005. According to
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States, and the agreement on creating it was signed during the meeting. In addition, an expert-level advisory council was created to carry out preparatory work between meetings, which should be held at least twice a year.
234:
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219:
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On 22 August 2001, a
Protocol on co-operation and consultations between the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia and the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic was signed in
1702:
2039:
228:
2443:
2426:
514:. Meanwhile, political leaders of Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Transnistria have all promised to integrate their economies and perhaps seek membership in the Russian-led
2473:
1259:[Union of Unrecognized: South Ossetia and Abkhazia are going to create a military bloc. Transnistria and Karabakh are invited as observers. 06 September 2002].
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representing
Transnistria. Nagorno-Karabakh, which had been a part of the 2001 agreement, left in 2004 but became a member state in 2007. All member states have had
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1257:"Союз непризнанных: Южная Осетия и Абхазия собираются создать военный блок. Приднестровье и Карабах приглашены в качестве наблюдателей. 06 сентября 2002"
830:
446:, the head of the Transnistrian Foreign Ministry, "The meeting is dictated by the changing political situation, in particular plans for the expansion of
1119:[Establishing and strengthening ties with the republics of the North Caucasus, Russian regions, Transnistria, South Ossetia, Nagorno-Karabakh].
1837:
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1238:Алла ЯЗЬКОВА, Доктор исторических наук. Необходим поиск разумных решений невооруженным взглядом. Новая Газета № 23 от 01 Апреля 2002 г.
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Transnistria’s presidential election: A hard-fought contest with no punches pulled, as Russia diverts its attention from the unrecognised state
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522:
1124:
1023:
2368:
1981:
1117:"Установление и укрепление связей с республиками Северного Кавказа, российскими регионами, Приднестровьем, Южной Осетией, Нагорным Карабахом"
716:
252:
2034:
1943:
1021:Установление и укрепление связей с республиками Северного Кавказа, российскими регионами, Приднестровьем, Южной Осетией, Нагорным Карабахом
1240:
3207:
2553:
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1862:
486:
As of 2017, the four member states had a combined population of 947,480 people. Abkhazia and South Ossetia have secured recognition from
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2007:
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450:. <…> I think that GUAM will receive an adequate response from CIS-2." At the last moment, the summit was postponed to July.
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and regained controlled over the entire territory. While Artsakh effectively ceased to exist, its authorities went into exile in
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referring to it as the "Union of the Marginalized". Initially, there was also a proposal to name the conference NATO-2 (
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287:, the capital of Nagorno-Karabakh. The Community for Democracy and Human Rights was established on 14 June 2006 in
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territory without concluding an international treaty with the post-Soviet state they are a part of. According to
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The first step towards co-operation between Abkhazia and Transnistria was taken immediately after the end of the
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showing the relationships among various supranational organisations in the territory of the former Soviet Union
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Communiqué were adopted. Observers assessed the appearance of the conference mostly with skepticism, with
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1999:
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1090:[RESULTS OF THE MEETING OF FOREIGN MINISTERS OF UNRECOGNIZED STATES July 4, 2001] (in Russian).
462:—the capital of Transnistria—the joint Declaration on principles of peaceful and fair settlement of the
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406:, who prepared the bill, this could solve the problems of Transnistria, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia.
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Armenia and Azerbaijan: High risk of cross-border violence in Nagorno-Karabakh despite ceasefire.
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948:. 23 October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
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24:
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307:: Abkhazia and South Ossetia are located within the internationally recognized territory of
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An agreement on creating the commonwealth was reached by the four separatist states of the
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8:
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1344:Южная Осетия, Абхазия и Приднестровье договорились упразднить между собой визовый режим
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958:
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On 17 June 2007, the four-state Community for Democracy and Peoples' Rights signed in
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1296:[The CIS-2 summit will be held at the end of July in Sukhumi] (in Russian).
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889:
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In 2005, after much bickering, Russia agreed to the Georgian plan for resolving the
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1842:
1211:[Nagorno-Karabakh does not consider itself "unrecognized" April 21, 2005].
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with the member states of the Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations (red)
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when their foreign ministries signed the first co-operation agreement. Then, in
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Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
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Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Treaty
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2112:
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1812:
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284:
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911:
Accessed: August 27, 2008. Archived from the original on August 7, 2008.
2628:
850:
639:
386:
319:. All of them were secured by the presence of Russian military forces.
312:
291:, the capital of Abkhazia, by the presidents of three of these states:
1959:
991:
389:
considered, but refused to accept, a bill proposed by deputies of the
2848:
2843:
2665:
2558:
2388:
2049:
1703:
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
507:
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316:
288:
1405:
Official website of the Community for Democracy and Human Rights
1209:"Нагорный Карабах не считает себя «непризнанным» 21 апреля 2005"
1347:(in Russian). Caucasian Knot. 27 September 2009. Archived from
1165:ИСПОЛНИЛОСЬ ДВА ГОДА СООБЩЕСТВУ «ЗА ДЕМОКРАТИЮ И ПРАВА НАРОДОВ»
976:"Regionalism in Moldova: The Case of Transnistria and Gagauzia"
499:
1088:"ИТОГИ СОВЕЩАНИЯ ГЛАВ МИД НЕПРИЗНАННЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВ4 июля 2001г"
2653:
2531:
1632:
1597:
503:
491:
2765:
2541:
1887:
1807:
1642:
1413:
Joint Statement by Transnistria, Abkhazia and South Ossetia
1372:
BREAKING NEWS: Syria recognizes South Ossetia and Abkhazia
2750:
2570:
187:
of three breakaway states in the territory of the former
1758:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
962:
Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project,(24-26)
712:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
523:
Azerbaijan launched a military offensive against Artsakh
483:
was automatically extended for another five-year term.
1753:
Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America
3146:
1155:СНГ для маргиналов Независимая газета 8 сентября 2001
801:
774:
593:
1823:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
1076:Приднестровье и Абхазия попытаются вступить в Россию
942:
The Law of Georgia on Occupied Territories (431-IIs)
1332:
of the Community for Democracy and People’s Right’s
1838:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
1319:Отменена встреча глав МИД непризнанных государств
283:in 2001 at the foreign ministers meeting held in
3194:
2839:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
1873:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
1698:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
1111:
1109:
269:Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria)
1203:
1201:
1199:
1146:http://www.ng.ru/cis/2001-08-09/1_marginal.html
558:
211:
1598:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
922:Georgia-Abkhazia conflict: view from Abkhazia.
742:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
415:Rodina's initiative was supported only by the
171:, also commonly and colloquially known as the
1975:
1688:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
1548:
1449:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
1433:
1106:
717:List of active separatist movements in Europe
253:
169:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
33:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
3213:Foreign relations of the Republic of Artsakh
1294:"Саммит СНГ-2 пройдет в конце июля в Сухуми"
1196:
909:Community for democracy and people's rights.
776:Soobshchestvo za demokratiyu u prava narodov
3233:International organizations based in Europe
1863:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
1982:
1968:
1562:
1555:
1541:
1440:
1426:
543:
259:
247:
1878:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone
1808:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
1728:Economic Community of West African States
873:"Transnistrian Time-Slip" by Frank Jacobs
610:
417:Communist Party of the Russian Federation
3228:2006 establishments in Georgia (country)
1818:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
765:Сообщество за демократию и права народов
207:
1989:
1673:Collective Security Treaty Organization
3195:
2008:Index of Soviet Union–related articles
1883:Southern African Development Community
1778:Latin American Integration Association
1583:Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization
179:, is an international organization in
3238:International political organizations
1963:
1949:Regionalism (international relations)
1833:Organization of Ibero-American States
1668:Central European Free Trade Agreement
1536:
1421:
1046:from the original on 31 December 2004
1040:"Газета «сегодня» от 24 ноября 2000г"
973:
803:Sodruzhestvo nepriznannykh gosudarstv
412:1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union
1944:Regional organizations by population
1065:Газета Коммерсантъ от 23 ноября 2000
974:Roper, Steven D (1 September 2001).
899:" – 2007-01-23, retrieved 2008-08-31
427:refused to participate in the vote.
1663:Central American Integration System
1390:, blogs.lse.ac.uk 23 December 2016.
1300:from the original on 14 August 2011
1094:from the original on 14 August 2011
823:
792:Содружество непризнанных государств
173:Commonwealth of Unrecognized States
88:Political co-operation organization
16:Organization of unrecognized states
13:
3208:Foreign relations of South Ossetia
1898:Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat
1678:Commonwealth of Independent States
839:
672:Commonwealth of Independent States
421:Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
195:from the international community.
14:
3254:
3223:Organizations established in 2006
3203:Foreign relations of Transnistria
1868:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
1733:Economic Cooperation Organization
1618:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
1398:
1127:from the original on 20 June 2010
581:Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
305:limited international recognition
3180:
3168:
3156:
3131:
3130:
3118:
1708:Council of the Baltic Sea States
1513:
1489:
1476:
1463:
1263:from the original on 9 July 2010
946:State Ministry for Reintegration
595:
574:
560:
545:
532:
512:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
438:'s "road map" for resolving the
299:representing South Ossetia, and
149:
136:
123:
38:
1908:Union of South American Nations
1828:Organization of American States
1628:Association of Caribbean States
1378:
1363:
1335:
1323:
1312:
1286:
1275:
1249:
1231:
1215:. 21 April 2005. Archived from
1176:
1158:
1139:
1080:
1069:
1058:
1032:
1014:
967:
697:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
453:
1693:Community of Democratic Choice
980:Regional & Federal Studies
951:
934:
914:
902:
882:
866:
808:
781:
754:
682:Community of Democratic Choice
1:
3218:Foreign relations of Abkhazia
2671:Political abuse of psychiatry
2463:Congress of People's Deputies
1903:Organization of Turkic States
1658:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
859:
315:, and Transnistria is within
1768:Indian Ocean Rim Association
1743:European Political Community
1623:Assembly of European Regions
1374:, armenpress.am 29 May 2018.
835:Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh
707:Foreign relations of Artsakh
615:
322:
277:Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh
203:
7:
2834:Academy of Medical Sciences
1184:НАТО-2 борется за выживание
802:
775:
665:
649:
385:In March 2005, the Russian
10:
3259:
1793:Melanesian Spearhead Group
537:
432:Georgian–Ossetian conflict
350:agorno-Karabakh Republic,
198:
18:
3112:
3056:
3030:
2950:
2873:
2864:
2809:
2716:
2679:
2619:
2522:
2484:
2404:
2266:
2257:
2207:
2155:
2146:
1998:
1931:
1783:Latin American Parliament
1603:Asia Cooperation Dialogue
1570:
1505:
1455:
818:
791:
764:
587:
281:Republic of South Ossetia
193:limited to no recognition
113:
93:
83:
65:
57:
37:
1858:Polynesian Leaders Group
1773:Liptako–Gourma Authority
1763:Gulf Cooperation Council
1343:
747:
677:Community of Democracies
21:Community of Democracies
19:Not to be confused with
3125:Soviet Union portal
1738:Eurasian Economic Union
1683:Commonwealth of Nations
957:Ghaplanyan, V. (2021).
920:Kvarchelia, L. (1998).
847:administrative division
831:administrative division
692:Eurasian Economic Union
516:Eurasian Economic Union
295:representing Abkhazia,
3017:Stalinist architecture
2771:Science and technology
2681:Ideological repression
2609:Soviet Airborne Forces
2547:Destruction battalions
1723:East African Community
1613:Asia-Europe Foundation
1564:Regional organizations
1282:Россия уходит из СНГ-2
611:Administrative centres
521:On 19 September 2023,
476:Moldovan–Transnistrian
468:Nagorno-Karabakh–Azeri
404:Natalia Narochnitskaya
329:Abkhazian-Georgian War
264:
71:; 18 years ago
25:Concert of Democracies
2799:List of metro systems
2352:Collective leadership
1893:Three Seas Initiative
1848:Pacific Islands Forum
1648:British–Irish Council
1193:» Утро.ру 01.10.2004.
440:Transnistria conflict
311:, Artsakh was within
239:
3243:European integration
2761:Net material product
2704:Censorship of images
2621:Political repression
2581:Soviet Border Troops
2514:First Deputy Premier
2098:1965 economic reform
2093:Soviet space program
1939:Regional integration
1923:Western Balkans Quad
833:of the unrecognized
702:European integration
273:Republic of Abkhazia
191:, all of which have
2829:Academy of Sciences
2644:Population transfer
2588:Soviet Armed Forces
2451:Congress of Soviets
2432:Presidium/Politburo
2396:Soviet anti-Zionism
2245:West Siberian Plain
2123:Revolutions of 1989
2060:Great Patriotic War
2045:New Economic Policy
1918:West Nordic Council
1182:Андрей Миловзоров «
687:Eastern Partnership
343:Nezavisimaya Gazeta
34:
2474:Military Collegium
2342:Capital punishment
2220:Caucasus Mountains
2133:Post-Soviet states
2013:Russian Revolution
1386:Alexandru Leşanu:
1243:2014-09-03 at the
1189:2014-09-03 at the
1170:2008-08-20 at the
1151:2011-08-10 at the
1026:2010-06-20 at the
895:2008-10-13 at the
732:Self-determination
722:Politics of Europe
464:Abkhazian–Georgian
265:
32:
3144:
3143:
3108:
3107:
3100:Hammer and sickle
3042:and their groups
3040:Soviet dissidents
2819:Communist Academy
2736:Economic planning
2712:
2711:
2605:Soviet Air Forces
2524:Security services
2444:General Secretary
2427:Central Committee
2369:Political parties
2301:Brezhnev Doctrine
2296:Foreign relations
2253:
2252:
2194:Autonomous okrugs
2108:Soviet–Afghan War
2088:Sino-Soviet split
2030:Russian Civil War
1957:
1956:
1853:Paneuropean Union
1713:Council of Europe
1530:
1529:
1219:on 24 August 2005
992:10.1080/714004699
890:Бум суверенитетов
845:According to the
829:According to the
800:
773:
727:Regions of Europe
510:, as well as the
472:Georgian–Ossetian
436:Viktor Yushchenko
358:ransnistria, and
165:
164:
69:14 June 2006
3250:
3185:
3184:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3152:
3134:
3133:
3123:
3122:
3121:
2871:
2870:
2779:
2634:Collectivization
2379:Marxism–Leninism
2264:
2263:
2153:
2152:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1843:Pacific Alliance
1557:
1550:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1495:
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1409:
1392:
1382:
1376:
1367:
1361:
1360:
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1330:Official website
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971:
965:
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925:Demokratizatsiya
918:
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906:
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886:
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579:
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570:
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564:
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555:
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488:UN member states
263:
261:
255:
249:
210:
155:
153:
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142:
140:
139:
129:
127:
126:
79:
77:
72:
42:
35:
31:
3258:
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3249:
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3193:
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3179:
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3140:
3119:
3117:
3104:
3052:
3026:
2946:
2860:
2805:
2777:
2751:Internet domain
2746:Five-year plans
2708:
2675:
2615:
2518:
2480:
2412:Communist Party
2400:
2359:Passport system
2249:
2225:European Russia
2203:
2142:
2083:Khrushchev Thaw
2062:(World War II)
2040:Creation treaty
1994:
1988:
1958:
1953:
1927:
1788:Lublin Triangle
1566:
1561:
1531:
1526:
1514:
1512:
1501:
1490:
1488:
1477:
1475:
1464:
1462:
1456:Current members
1451:
1446:
1407:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1383:
1379:
1368:
1364:
1354:
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1345:
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1245:Wayback Machine
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1191:Wayback Machine
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1019:
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897:Wayback Machine
887:
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668:
652:
618:
613:
596:
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573:
561:
559:
546:
544:
540:
535:
456:
444:Valeriy Litskai
400:Andrey Savelyev
325:
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238:
208:
206:
201:
161:
150:
148:
137:
135:
124:
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116:
109:
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75:
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70:
53:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3256:
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3110:
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2796:
2794:Rail transport
2791:
2789:Railway system
2781:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
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2550:
2549:
2539:
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2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2509:Deputy Premier
2506:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2492:Heads of state
2488:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2466:
2460:
2457:Supreme Soviet
2454:
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2408:
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2374:State ideology
2371:
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2250:
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2240:Ural Mountains
2237:
2232:
2230:North Caucasus
2227:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2205:
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2202:
2201:
2196:
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2159:
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2110:
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2002:
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1955:
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1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1926:
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1915:
1913:Visegrád Group
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
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1803:Nordic Council
1800:
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1790:
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1748:European Union
1745:
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1653:Bucharest Nine
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1593:Arctic Council
1590:
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1574:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1528:
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1525:
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1509:
1507:
1506:Former members
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1486:
1473:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1416:
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1410:
1400:
1399:External links
1397:
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1393:
1377:
1362:
1351:on 18 May 2015
1334:
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1311:
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1248:
1230:
1195:
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1138:
1123:(in Russian).
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986:(3): 101–122.
966:
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901:
881:
877:New York Times
864:
863:
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858:
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838:
822:
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745:
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739:
737:South Caucasus
734:
729:
724:
719:
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689:
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674:
667:
664:
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637:
628:
617:
614:
612:
609:
608:
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589:
586:
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584:
583:(Transnistria)
571:
556:
539:
536:
534:
531:
455:
452:
396:Dmitry Rogozin
324:
321:
297:Eduard Kokoity
293:Sergei Bagapsh
205:
202:
200:
197:
185:South Caucasus
181:Eastern Europe
163:
162:
160:
159:
146:
133:
119:
117:
114:
111:
110:
108:
107:
105:South Caucasus
101:Eastern Europe
97:
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91:
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85:
81:
80:
67:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
50:South Caucasus
46:Eastern Europe
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3255:
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3018:
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3008:
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2998:
2997:Printed media
2995:
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2930:Cyrillisation
2928:
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2923:
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2918:
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2913:
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2908:
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2899:
2898:Working class
2896:
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2893:Soviet people
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2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:Energy policy
2739:
2737:
2734:
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2729:
2727:
2724:
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2715:
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2469:Supreme Court
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2071:The Holocaust
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2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1997:
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1980:
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1718:Craiova Group
1716:
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1578:African Union
1576:
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1558:
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1539:
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1484:South Ossetia
1474:
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819:СНГ-2
748:Notes
504:Syria
492:Nauru
177:CIS-2
3088:Flag
3046:List
2854:List
2766:OGAS
2659:List
2542:NKVD
2330:LGBT
2318:List
2284:1977
2279:1936
1888:TAKM
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