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have historically been required to shower communally with classmates of the same sex after physical education classes. In the U.S., public objections and the threat of lawsuits have led a number of school districts to make showers optional or to abolish the practice entirely.
155:
noted that students have a reduced expectation of personal privacy in regards to "communal undress" while showering after physical education classes. Colorado state law requires swimmers to take a shower with soap before using any public swimming pool.
111:, Delabost had previously replaced individual baths with mandatory communal showers for use by prisoners, arguing that they were more economical and hygienic. The French system of communal showers was adopted by other armies (the first being that of
147:
In many parts of the
Western world, the number of schools with open communal showers has gradually decreased and has been replaced with individual and private spaces for bathing due to students' religious and privacy concerns.
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for personal hygiene. Although the use of communal showers has grown less prevalent in the West in the 21st century than they were in prior years, they are often present in school locker rooms for use in personal hygiene after
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in 1879) and by prisons in other jurisdictions. They were also adopted by boarding schools, before being installed in
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123:, Austria. In France, public bathhouses and showers were established by Charles Cazalet, first in
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In the United States and in some
English-speaking provinces of Canada, students at
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in 1899. They quickly proved successful, with the latter only closing in 1985.
107:, a French doctor and inventor. As surgeon-general at Bonne Nouvelle prison in
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187:"La douche, une invention d'un médecin des prisons, le docteur Merry Delabost"
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189:[The Shower, a medical invention for prisons by Dr Merry Delabost].
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in the 1870s as an economic hygiene measure under the guidance of
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294:"Mandatory showers policy at public schools no longer the rule"
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119:. The first shower in a public bathhouse was opened in 1887 in
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59:
99:
Modern communal showers were installed in the barracks of the
471:
128:
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27:
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put together in one room or area. They are often used in
327:"Trinidad School District No. 1 v. Carlos R. Lopez"
43:Kindergarten shower room in Köritz, a district of
248:"School Bathrooms Have Always Stoked Controversy"
1028:
357:Cornell Law School - Legal Information Institute
264:
388:
319:
213:"Dr. Merry Delabost, inventor of the shower?"
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381:
313:"Curtains for schools' communal showers"
310:
38:
26:
18:
311:Smithers, Rebecca (December 21, 1999).
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83:. They also continue to exist in some
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184:
423:Prehistory of nakedness and clothing
353:"5 CCR 1003-5-4.11 - BATHER CONTROL"
245:
241:
239:
267:"ACLU-WA's Work for Student Rights"
218:. Hopitaux de Rouen. Archived from
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1001:
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315:– via www.theguardian.com.
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185:Dajon, Hervé (26 January 2013).
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178:
1:
912:Nudity in American television
211:Feltgen, Dr. (18 July 2005).
171:
31:Communal shower in a school,
246:Chua, J. Y. (June 2, 2017).
7:
960:Imagery of nude celebrities
684:Social nudity organizations
193:(in French). Criminocorpus
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10:
1068:
895:Nudity in live performance
402:
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998:
952:
865:
812:
757:
702:
694:Timeline of social nudity
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594:
529:
428:Nakedness and colonialism
410:
749:Clothing-optional events
521:Clothing laws by country
23:Men in a communal shower
814:Social nudity advocates
596:Issues in social nudity
462:Breastfeeding in public
105:François Merry Delabost
917:Nudity in music videos
890:Nude photography (art)
609:Sexual objectification
411:Nakedness and clothing
58:are a group of single
52:
36:
24:
927:Nudity in advertising
922:Nudity in print media
722:Nude swimming classes
42:
30:
22:
990:Softcore pornography
867:Depictions of nudity
631:Wardrobe malfunction
531:Nudity and sexuality
333:on 27 September 2007
265:ACLU of Washington.
127:in 1893 and then in
1037:1870s introductions
937:Glamour photography
885:Nude modeling (art)
842:Henry S. Huntington
985:Nude psychotherapy
942:Erotic photography
857:Richard Ungewitter
852:Elton Raymond Shaw
689:Anarchist naturism
679:Naturist magazines
659:Christian naturism
511:Nudity and protest
450:Nudity in religion
81:physical education
53:
37:
25:
1047:French inventions
1024:
1023:
621:Indecent exposure
569:Feminist stripper
117:public bathhouses
1059:
1014:
1004:
1003:
975:Nudity in combat
932:Nude photography
664:Freikörperkultur
435:Childhood nudity
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329:. Archived from
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269:. Archived from
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151:A court case in
56:Communal showers
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704:Nude recreation
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654:Naturist resort
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440:Sex segregation
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292:Rink, Matthew.
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273:on 3 April 2007
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907:Nudity in film
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847:Heinrich Pudor
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467:Public bathing
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141:public schools
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135:Current status
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89:swimming pools
45:Neustadt-Dosse
33:Czech Republic
15:
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980:Nudity clause
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965:Nude calendar
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902:Body painting
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827:Lee Baxandall
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804:South America
802:
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787:San Francisco
785:
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782:North America
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717:Nude swimming
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619:
615:
614:Pornification
612:
610:
607:
606:
605:
604:Sexualization
602:
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547:
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544:Exhibitionism
542:
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539:Intimate part
537:
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528:
522:
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512:
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504:United States
502:
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477:Finnish sauna
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225:on 2012-01-12
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166:Mixed bathing
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34:
29:
21:
16:Group showers
1015:
1005:
837:Ilsley Boone
832:Paul Bindrim
822:Kurt Barthel
744:Nude beaches
739:Nude wedding
669:Gay naturism
636:Strip search
360:. Retrieved
356:
347:
335:. Retrieved
331:the original
321:
306:
297:
287:
275:. Retrieved
271:the original
260:
252:The Atlantic
251:
227:. Retrieved
220:the original
206:
195:. Retrieved
190:
180:
150:
146:
138:
98:
87:and at many
55:
54:
49:East Germany
759:By location
734:Naked party
489:Toplessness
101:French Army
64:changerooms
1031:Categories
970:Naked News
875:Nude (art)
729:Naked yoga
712:Nude beach
674:Gymnosophy
586:Candaulism
559:Striptease
516:Dress code
494:Topfreedom
362:2022-10-20
229:2012-09-30
197:2018-08-06
172:References
85:gymnasiums
626:Obscenity
576:Voyeurism
554:Streaking
298:CantonRep
1007:Category
953:See also
646:Naturism
581:Anasyrma
564:Stripper
337:28 April
277:28 April
160:See also
153:Colorado
125:Bordeaux
76:barracks
1042:Bathing
880:History
799:Oceania
792:Seattle
549:Mooning
484:Massage
445:Modesty
418:History
113:Prussia
95:History
72:prisons
68:schools
60:showers
47:(1987,
1017:Portal
777:Europe
767:Africa
499:Canada
404:Nudity
121:Vienna
74:, and
35:, 2009
1052:Sauna
472:Sauna
455:Awrah
223:(PDF)
216:(PDF)
191:Varia
129:Paris
109:Rouen
772:Asia
339:2007
279:2007
1033::
355:.
296:.
250:.
238:^
91:.
70:,
66:,
396:e
389:t
382:v
365:.
341:.
300:.
281:.
254:.
232:.
200:.
51:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
