Common good - Knowledge

1724:

vary, depending upon peoples' occupations, virtue-levels, etc. However, noting that only citizens have the salvation (common good) of the city at heart, Aristotle argues that, regardless of form of government, those who have more of a rational understanding of the needs of the state's salvation, are entitled to a greater share in administering and determining justice, within the light of its common good, than those who have less, or no such understanding or concern for it, such as selfish despots and political factions, as well as uneducated artisans and freedmen, women and children, slaves, etc. More than this, Aristotle argues that rational discourse itself is what the state's Common Good relies upon, identifying those who lack it as "slaves by nature", while those who excel in it are nearly divine, possessing in themselves the whole purpose for which states exist, namely, the perfectly complete good/blessed life. In his

1843:, Rawls defends two particular principles of justice by arguing that these are the positions reasonable persons would choose were they to choose principles from behind a veil of ignorance. Such a "veil" is one that essentially blinds people to all facts about themselves so they cannot tailor principles to their own advantage. According to Rawls, ignorance of these details about oneself will lead to principles that are fair to all. If an individual does not know how he will end up in his own conceived society, he is likely not going to privilege any one class of people, but rather develop a scheme of justice that treats all fairly. In particular, Rawls claims that those in the original position would all adopt a 3681: 2193: 2129:(sometimes called "positive political theory") applies microeconomic methodology to the study of political science in order to explain how private interests inform political activities. Whereas welfare economics, in line with classical political economy, typically assumes a public-interest perspective on policymaking, public choice analysis adopts a private-interest perspective in order to identify how the objectives of policymakers affect policy outcomes. Public choice analysis thus diagnoses deviations from the common good resulting from activities such as 2212:, the common good is taken to be a regulative ideal. In other words, participants in democratic deliberation aim at the realization of the common good. This feature distinguishes deliberative democracy from aggregative conceptions of democracy, which focus solely on the aggregation of preferences. In contrast to aggregative conceptions, deliberative democracy emphasizes the processes by which agents justify political claims on the basis of judgments about the common good. 3259: 1377: 2249: 2101:

that no such thing as the 'public interest' exists, aside from the subjective (and hence dubious) claims of self-proclaimed saviors." Thus, Riker defends a "liberal" conception of democracy, which centers on the role of constitutional checks on government. Public choice theorists have tended to share this approach. Buchanan and Tullock pursued this program in developing the field of "constitutional political economy" in their book

1817:, composed in the mid-18th century, Rousseau argues that society can function only to the extent that individuals have interests in common, and that the end goal of any state is the realization of the common good. He further posits that the common good can be identified and implemented only by heeding the general will of a political community, specifically as expressed by that community's sovereign. Rousseau maintains that the 2090:, an important result in social choice theory, states that no aggregative mechanism of collective choice (restricted to ordinal inputs) can consistently transform individual preferences into a collective preference-ordering, across the universal domain of possible preference profiles, while also satisfying a set of minimal normative criteria of rationality and fairness. The 3553:

on public or common goods and large social externalities with clear economic foundation for health interventions based on market failures. The common goods for health must produce enormous health benefits to communities and not financed through market forces. Examples of common goods for health are risk surveillance, disease control policies and strategies,

1822:

desires, the former is the "one will which is directed towards their common preservation and general well-being." Political authority, to Rousseau, should be understood as legitimate only if it exists according to the general will and toward the common good. The pursuit of the common good, then, enables the state to act as a moral community.

3330:. Book XIX of this, the main locus of Augustine's normative political thought, is focused on the question, 'Is the good life social?' In other words, 'Is human wellbeing found in the good of the whole society, the common good?' Chapters 5–17 of Book XIX address this question. Augustine's emphatic answer is yes (see start of chap. 5). 1573:

a given community: particular substantive conceptions will specify precisely what factors or values are beneficial and shared. According to procedural formulations, by contrast, the common good consists of the outcome that is achieved through collective participation in the formation of a shared will. It is when one another

1719:) as the basis for his distinction between his three "right" constitutions, which are in the common interest, and "wrong" constitutions, which are in the interest of rulers. To Aristotle, Plato is wrong about the desire to simply impose top-down unity; for Aristotle, a common good is synthesized upwardly/ 3511:

left to describe their values. Jonathan Dolhenty argues that one should distinguish in American politics between the common good, which may "be shared wholly by each individual in the family without its becoming a private good for any individual family member", and the collective good, which, "though

2040:

to illustrate how cooperation can result in superior welfare outcomes. Moreover, a cooperative equilibrium is stable in an iterated Prisoner's dilemma that is played for an indefinite period of time. Under these conditions, an individual does best by pursuing the course of action that is also optimal

2031:

studies social well-being. The approach begins with the specification of a social welfare function. The choice of a social welfare function is rooted in an ethical theory. A utilitarian social welfare function weights the well-being of each individual equally, while a Rawlsian social welfare function

1821:

always tends toward the common good, though he concedes that democratic deliberations of individuals will not always express the general will. Furthermore, Rousseau distinguished between the general will and the will of all, stressing that while the latter is simply the sum total of each individual's

1799:

Machiavelli argues that an impressive level of common good can be achieved by sufficiently autocratic rulers. Nevertheless, Machiavelli's common good can be viewed as acting for the good of the majority, even if that means to oppress others through the endeavor. Machiavelli's common good is viewed by

3552:

Common goods for health (CGH) can be defined as population-related interventions or activities that require cumulative finances from either donors or government on the basis of two conditions. The first condition is contribution in economic progress and health. The second condition includes emphasis

1847:

strategy which would maximize the prospects of the least well-off individual or group. In this sense, Rawls's understanding of the common good is intimately tied with the well-being of the least advantaged. Rawls claims that the parties in the original position would adopt two governing principles,

1572:

has been used in many disparate ways and escapes a single definition. Most philosophical conceptions of the common good fall into one of two families: substantive and procedural. According to substantive conceptions, the common good is that which is shared by and beneficial to all or most members of

1794:

freedom, safety and dignity are explicitly stated to be elements of the common good and some form of property and family life are also implied. Furthermore, the common good brought by freedom includes wealth, economic prosperity, security, enjoyment and good life. However, though Machiavelli speaks

1658:

Though these thinkers differed significantly in their views of what the common good consists in, as well as over what the state should do to promote it, they nonetheless agreed that the common good is the end of government, that it is a good of all the citizens, and that no government should become

2100:

articulates the standard public choice interpretation of social choice theory, arguing that Arrow's Impossibility Theorem "forces us to doubt that the content of 'social welfare' or the 'public interest' can ever be discovered by amalgamating individual value judgments. It even leads us to suspect

1728:

then, Aristotle ties up the Common Good of the state, with that of friendship, implying by this, that friendly, rational discourse is the primary activity by which citizens and rulers bring about the Common Good, both amongst themselves, and so far as it involves their inferiors. According to one

1723:

from the lesser goods of individuals, and their various kinds of larger-and-larger partnerships: marital couple, or parent-over-child, or master-over-slave; household; then village; then state. In this teleological view, the good stems from objective facts about human life and purpose, which may

2071:), "a shorthand signal for shared benefit at a societal level". In a non-economic sense, the term is often used to describe something that is useful for the public generally, such as education, although this is not a "public good" in the economic sense. However, services like education exhibit 1737:

During the 15th and 16th centuries, the common good was one of several important themes of political thought in Renaissance Florence. The thought goes back to Thomas Aquinas theory of common good being widespread in whole premodern Europe. In a later work, Niccolò Machiavelli speaks of the

3543:

in an increasingly interdependent world, education and knowledge should thus be considered global common goods. This means that the creation of knowledge, its control, acquisition, validation, and use, are common to all people as a collective social endeavour.

2114:, for instance, argues that a range of social choice mechanisms emerge unscathed given certain reasonable restrictions on the domain of admissible preference profiles. In particular, requiring that preferences are single-peaked on a single dimension ensures a 1880:, which on most interpretations stresses the importance of the subordination of individual interests to group or collective interests, or at the very least, the mutual dependence between the flourishing of the individual and the flourishing of the group. In 2035:

Neoclassical economic theory provides two conflicting lenses for thinking about the genesis of the common good, two distinct sets of microfoundations. On one view, the common good arises due to social gains from cooperation. Such a view might appeal to the

1697:, rather than one of Plato's four lesser goods: honor-seeking, money-making, pleasure-seeking, or empassioned addiction. For Plato, the best political order is one in which the entire society submits to the dictates of the leaders' faculty of Reason, even 2075:, i.e. the situation in which the cost of supplying a good to many users is the same, or nearly the same, as supplying it to one user. Public goods also exhibit jointness of supply, albeit with no diminishment of the benefits with increased consumption. 4597:

Konstantin Langmaier, Dem Land Ere und Nucz, Frid und Gemach: Das Land als Ehr-, Nutz- und Friedensgemeinschaft: Ein Beitrag zur Diskussion um den Gemeinen Nutzen. In: . In: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Band 103, 2016, S.

1701:

holding possessions, wives, and children in common, creating a "cohesion and unity" that "result from the common feelings of pleasure and pain which you get when all members of a society are glad or sorry for the same successes and failures."

3536:, among others, have identified the common good as a salient political message for progressive candidates. In addition, non-partisan advocacy groups like Common Good are championing political reform efforts to support the common good. 1659:

the "perverted servant of special interests", whether these special interests be understood as Aristotle's "interest of the rulers", Locke's "private good", Hume's and Madison's "interested factions", or Rousseau's "particular wills".

3569:

After the 1950s, the government increasingly began to see the concept of addressing mutual issues for the benefit of the citizens, but it has yet to be completely adopted and will be much more compatible with appropriate expenditure.

1839:, Rawls argues for a principled reconciliation of liberty and equality, applied to the basic structure of a well-ordered society, which will specify exactly such general conditions. Starting with an artificial device he calls the 3565:

In the mid-20th century, the elites displayed a motivation for the common goods that was intended for health, and decisions were based on the elite rather than the public, since there was no public interest in the issue.

3512:

possessed by all as a group, is not really participated in by the members of a group. It is actually divided up into several private goods when apportioned to the different individual members." First described by

5235: 1856:

provides that social and economic inequalities are to be arranged such that "(a) they are to be of the greatest benefit to the least-advantaged members of society, consistent with the just savings principle"

1906:), especially as it relates to modern Islamic conceptions of tolerance, equality, and citizenship: according to some, for instance, universal principles carry greater weight than specific injunctions of the 3414:

later gives statements that communicate what can be seen as a partly different, more classical, sense of the concept – as not only "social conditions" that enable persons to reach fulfilment, but as the

2153:

whereby rational individuals prefer to abstain from voting, because the marginal cost exceeds the private marginal benefit. Downs argues further that voters generally prefer to remain uninformed due to

1450:, or alternatively, what is achieved by citizenship, collective action, and active participation in the realm of politics and public service. The concept of the common good differs significantly among 5263: 3426:

he common good the good of all people and of the whole person... The human person cannot find fulfilment in himself, that is, apart from the fact that he exists "with" others and "for" others

1729:

common contemporary usage, rooted in Aristotle's philosophy, common good then refers to "a good proper to, and attainable, only by the community, yet individually shared in, by its members."

5499: 2877: 1629:

declared that "the peace, safety, and public good of the people" are the goals of political society, and further argued that "the well being of the people shall be the supreme law";

1470:

remains in common usage today, referring to what one contemporary scholar calls the "good proper to, and attainable only by, the community, yet individually shared by its members."

1689:

contends repeatedly that a particular common goal exists in politics and society, and that that goal is the same as the goal for a flourishing human being, namely, to be a

5019:

Satterthwaite, Mark Allen (1975). "Strategy-proofness and Arrow's conditions: Existence and correspondence theorems for voting procedures and social welfare functions".

3486:(as described in paragraph 98 to 100), given that truth extends from honesty, good faith, and sincerity in general, to agreement with fact or reality in particular. In 5231: 1608:) as the basis for his distinction between "right" constitutions, which are in the common interest, and "wrong" constitutions, which are in the interest of rulers; 5321: 1884:, many modern thinkers have identified conceptions of the common good while endeavoring to ascertain the fundamental or universal principles underlying divine 1770:), which refers to the general well-being of a community as a whole; however, he mentions this term only 19 times throughout his works. In key passages of the 5281: 3314:: "Do not live entirely isolated, having retreated into yourselves, as if you were already justified, but gather instead to seek together the common good." 4927:

Public Administration and the Public Interest' in G.L. Wamsley and J.F.Wolf (eds), Refounding Public Administration: Modern Paradoxes. Postmodern Challenges

1795:

of an instrumental relationship between freedom and common good, the general well-being is not precisely identical with political freedom: elsewhere in the

1594:

Under one name or another, the common good has been a recurring theme throughout the history of political philosophy. As one contemporary scholar observes,

5256: 5253: 3399:

indicates 'the sum total of social conditions which allow people, either as groups or as individuals, to reach their fulfilment more fully and more easily

1637:

wrote of the "public", "common", or "general" good as closely tied with justice and declared that justice is the end of government and civil society; and

1900:, in modern terminology). A notion of the common good arises in contemporary Islamic discussions of the distinction between the fixed and the flexible ( 2044:

On the other hand, economic theory typically points to social gains from competition as a rationale for the use of markets. Thus, Smith described the "

2110:

More recent work in social choice theory, however, has demonstrated that Arrow's impossibility result can be obviated at little or no normative cost.

7372: 4940:

Morrell K, Harrington-Buhay N (2012). "What is governance in the public interest? The case of the 1995 property forum in post-conflict Nicaragua".

1848:

which would then regulate the assignment of rights and duties and regulate the distribution of social and economic advantages across society. The

1852:

states that "First: each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive basic liberty compatible with a similar liberty for others". The

1633:

contended that "social conventions" are adopted and given moral support in virtue of the fact that they serve the "public" or "common" interest;

1405: 2048:," whereby the mechanism of the market converts individuals' self-interested activity into gains for society. This insight is formalized in the 5526: 3689: 3490:, Pope Francis links the "common good" to the "integral ecology" which is a core element of his appeal for greater care for "our common home". 2837: 3362:, issued in 1891. This addressed the crisis of the conditions of industrial workers in Europe and argued for a position different from both 3993: 4751: 4524: 4461: 4436: 4411: 4367: 4342: 4317: 4292: 4267: 4239: 4189: 4136: 4093: 4068: 6316: 5957: 7427: 2644: 6501: 4574: 4549: 4486: 4164: 1473:

The concept of common good developed through the work of political theorists, moral philosophers, and public economists, including

7109: 6411: 2559: 962: 6530: 3063: 2704: 2165:'s study of schemes for the regulation of common property resources resulted in the discovery of mechanisms for overcoming the 106: 5382: 6518: 5448: 3289: 1113: 1053: 3432: 1186: 5294: 1103: 7219: 7129: 1398: 1256: 882: 573: 7244: 5318: 2056:, including the underprovision of public goods by markets and the failure of self-interested individuals to internalize 1944:. A common good is simply non-excludable. A simple typology illustrates the differences between various kinds of goods: 5519: 2807: 2094:

further demonstrates that non-dictatorial voting systems are inevitably subject to strategic manipulation of outcomes.

2049: 1273: 1083: 543: 1560:

to the study of political science in order to explain how private interests affect political activities and outcomes.

4769: 4704: 4677: 3428:" (#165; italics original). "The goal of life in society is in fact the historically attainable common good" (#168). 1363: 828: 613: 5483: 4667: 2739: 7189: 5639: 2847: 2087: 1545:

aims to understand processes by which the common good may or may not be realized in societies through the study of

1231: 902: 2812: 1143: 6145: 5996: 4942: 4898: 2408: 1948: 1800:

some scholars as not as "common", as he frequently states that the end of republics is to crush their neighbors.

2817: 2584: 1888:. These fundamentals or universal principles have been largely identified with the "objectives" of the shari‘a ( 7346: 7199: 6085: 1709:, considered by many to be the father of the idea of a common good, uses the concept of "the common interest" ( 1391: 237: 5409: 1158: 7386: 7259: 6481: 5512: 3504: 3243: 2822: 2569: 2202: 2197: 2091: 1833:

defines the common good as "certain general conditions that are ... equally to everyone's advantage". In his

528: 5058:

Liberalism Against Populism: A Confrontation Between the Theory of Democracy and the Theory of Social Choice

2754: 1138: 7284: 7279: 6973: 6011: 5644: 3523: 3152: 3107: 3068: 1353: 1316: 1236: 1196: 1098: 1093: 20: 3526:, the American political understanding of the common good has grown in recent times. The liberal magazine 7412: 7299: 7294: 7079: 4214: 3622: 3607: 3591: 3308:

One of the earliest references in Christian literature to the concept of the common good is found in the

3073: 1088: 3435:

drew attention to these two partly different understandings of the common good in its 2009 publication,

5964: 5624: 3102: 2724: 2471: 2337: 2300: 2063:

There is an important conceptual difference between the sense of "a" public good, or public "goods" in

1191: 892: 563: 6281: 3745:"An Alternative View of the European Idea of the Common Good: Bentham's Mathematical Model of Utility" 2892: 2842: 2067:, and the more generalized idea of "the public good" (in the sense of common good, public benefit, or 6328: 6271: 5856: 3282: 2709: 1881: 1201: 1168: 1068: 1063: 733: 350: 5033: 4791: 7407: 7169: 3363: 3345: 3303: 3222: 3008: 2948: 2907: 2729: 2290: 2177: 1672: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1118: 693: 96: 2862: 2684: 2060:. Because of these factors, purely self-interested behaviour often detracts from the common good. 1537:. Such a social welfare function, in turn, would be rooted in a moral theory of the good (such as 473: 7417: 7149: 7069: 6486: 6075: 5986: 3627: 3540: 3507:, language of the common good (or public wealth) is sometimes adopted by political actors on the 3078: 2973: 2897: 2599: 2384: 2173: 2103: 2009: 1931: 1925: 1862: 1534: 1251: 1241: 1206: 922: 568: 159: 71: 6883: 4822:

Bulliet, R. & Bowering, G. & Cook, D. & Crone, P. & Kadi, W. & Euben, R. L..

3680: 3023: 2872: 2749: 7422: 6476: 6456: 6306: 5976: 5604: 5338: 5028: 3386: 3192: 3141: 2516: 2445: 2439: 2209: 2166: 1261: 1246: 778: 713: 262: 252: 189: 6343: 4761: 2867: 2506: 1478: 375: 6630: 6585: 6396: 5991: 3744: 3518: 3344:

Against that background, the common good became a central concept in the modern tradition of

3228: 3120: 2619: 2521: 2494: 2451: 2357: 2037: 1809: 1638: 1546: 1486: 1306: 1128: 942: 823: 435: 415: 325: 169: 51: 6446: 5464: 3341:. Aquinas's conception of the common good became standard in Roman Catholic moral theology. 2827: 2639: 2634: 7139: 7019: 6788: 6595: 6436: 6363: 6055: 6016: 6001: 5535: 5435: 5398: 5217: 3693: 3612: 3453: 3275: 3057: 2466: 2419: 2414: 2394: 2367: 2232: 2217: 2192: 2126: 2083: 1986: 1681: 1550: 1542: 1451: 1291: 1033: 972: 335: 257: 164: 131: 6610: 2917: 1671:, the Common Good was the flourishing of the hierarchical network of people, known as the 8: 7329: 7209: 7179: 7099: 6625: 6565: 5886: 5806: 3533: 3479: 3310: 3182: 2962: 2579: 2373: 2213: 2141:

argues that public goods will tend to be underprovided due to individuals' incentives to

1968: 1834: 1813: 1518: 1506: 1266: 1211: 1133: 1043: 932: 445: 227: 217: 212: 101: 6373: 3096: 3050: 2734: 7341: 7336: 7319: 7314: 6783: 6291: 6228: 5096: 5088: 5001: 4779: 4049: 3974: 3966: 3836: 3828: 3790: 3444: 3326: 3318: 2852: 2614: 2389: 2310: 2155: 2142: 1910:, and in case of conflict, can even supersede or suspend explicit textual injunctions ( 1844: 1772: 1725: 1347: 1321: 1163: 1153: 1123: 1078: 1023: 1009: 872: 813: 588: 503: 222: 6773: 3756: 7304: 7249: 7089: 6878: 6540: 6466: 6441: 6243: 6045: 5444: 5187:

Elster, Jon (2002). "The Market and the Forum: Three Varieties of Political Theory".

5042: 4955: 4911: 4765: 4700: 4673: 4510: 4041: 3978: 3840: 3794: 3647: 3617: 3449: 3233: 3176: 2968: 2624: 2526: 2150: 2028: 2019: 1861:); and "(b) offices and positions must be open to everyone under conditions of 'fair 1840: 1530: 1427: 1358: 1331: 1108: 1048: 1028: 912: 683: 593: 345: 242: 30: 6358: 5100: 4053: 3030: 2719: 628: 86: 7309: 7239: 7009: 6928: 6923: 6848: 6823: 6768: 6758: 6748: 6718: 6698: 6688: 6555: 6550: 6508: 6451: 6248: 5931: 5926: 5901: 5846: 5821: 5379: 5080: 5038: 4993: 4951: 4907: 4757: 4033: 3958: 3820: 3782: 3752: 3381:

Contemporary Catholic social teaching on the common good is summarised in the 2004

3371: 3355: 3187: 2902: 2797: 2782: 2674: 2664: 2594: 2315: 2285: 2115: 2097: 1690: 1675:(one's city, or state). The phrase "common good" then, does not appear in texts of 1502: 1341: 1301: 1018: 852: 758: 658: 643: 553: 483: 390: 385: 360: 267: 247: 232: 91: 6913: 673: 583: 7366: 7039: 6958: 6918: 6888: 6873: 6838: 6833: 6803: 6778: 6763: 6738: 6723: 6658: 6635: 6620: 6605: 6590: 6461: 6416: 6401: 6391: 6213: 6208: 6065: 6060: 6040: 6028: 5386: 5325: 5267: 5239: 4694: 3642: 3632: 3513: 3391: 3263: 3090: 3016: 2955: 2941: 2887: 2857: 2792: 2759: 2744: 2669: 2629: 2574: 2499: 2270: 2161:

Public choice scholarship can have more constructive applications. For instance,

2068: 1648: 1467: 1381: 1073: 1058: 698: 578: 538: 513: 493: 440: 425: 277: 272: 141: 136: 126: 81: 56: 3169: 478: 305: 7356: 7264: 7254: 6983: 6858: 6843: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6753: 6728: 6683: 6663: 6525: 6496: 6471: 6426: 6406: 6368: 6323: 6203: 6193: 6050: 5881: 5694: 5298: 4372:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.4-5. (1277a19-33, 1277b34-1278a14) 3657: 3554: 3462: 3338: 3238: 2935: 2912: 2764: 2589: 2544: 2476: 2399: 2361: 2265: 2181: 2149:

provided an application of this logic to the theory of voting, identifying the

2053: 2045: 1941: 1716: 1668: 1609: 1605: 1554: 1538: 1474: 1455: 1311: 1038: 1004: 803: 793: 748: 708: 703: 648: 638: 633: 618: 548: 533: 518: 508: 420: 320: 310: 300: 5204:

Democratic Reason: Politics, Collective Intelligence, and the Rule of the Many

4529:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.6, 9. (1278b24, 1280a32, 1280b33) 4037: 3786: 3718: 603: 7401: 7289: 7119: 7029: 6978: 6948: 6938: 6868: 6863: 6853: 6713: 6703: 6693: 6668: 6535: 6513: 6431: 6338: 6311: 6296: 6238: 5921: 3949:

Diggs, B. J. (1973-01-01). "The Common Good as Reason for Political Action".

3811:

Diggs, B. J. (1973-01-01). "The Common Good as Reason for Political Action".

3667: 3508: 3359: 3350: 3001: 2994: 2802: 2649: 2346: 2162: 2146: 2057: 1980: 1958: 1937: 1634: 1522: 1490: 1446:) is either what is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given 1148: 982: 952: 862: 768: 763: 738: 718: 558: 430: 405: 380: 365: 355: 340: 295: 61: 37: 5359: 4509:

Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics . The Internet Classics Archive; available at

7269: 6953: 6943: 6933: 6798: 6793: 6733: 6708: 6678: 6673: 6580: 6575: 6421: 6301: 6035: 5971: 5841: 5831: 5826: 5745: 5735: 5679: 5569: 4984:

Gibbard, Allan (1973). "Manipulation of voting schemes: A general result".

4045: 4022:"The Concepts of Common Good and Public Interest: From Plato to Biobanking" 3685: 3585: 3457: 3215: 2882: 2787: 2714: 2694: 2659: 2604: 2564: 2554: 2511: 2429: 2342: 2326: 2280: 2275: 2138: 2130: 1974: 1877: 1818: 1652: 818: 798: 783: 743: 728: 688: 623: 608: 498: 400: 66: 5500:

The common good in Catholic Social Teaching: exposition at VPlater project

5161:

Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action

3470:, Pope John Paul describes the characteristics and virtues that political 16:

What is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given community

6968: 6963: 6898: 6893: 6743: 6615: 6570: 6560: 6353: 6348: 6286: 6223: 6006: 5906: 5866: 5836: 5811: 5791: 5770: 5750: 5730: 5720: 5689: 5554: 4347:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.6-7. (1279a16-20, 1279b4-10) 3602: 3395:(1965), this says, "According to its primary and broadly accepted sense, 3375: 2987: 2699: 2679: 2424: 2379: 2305: 2240: 2111: 2015: 1557: 833: 773: 723: 668: 463: 395: 121: 116: 3258: 2216:, a leading contemporary approach to deliberative democracy, advances a 1376: 7351: 7159: 7059: 6908: 6828: 6600: 6491: 6333: 6276: 6253: 6218: 6167: 6157: 6125: 6070: 5896: 5876: 5801: 5765: 5669: 5654: 5579: 5504: 5092: 5005: 3970: 3832: 3637: 3528: 3483: 3471: 3146: 3113: 2980: 2654: 2609: 2461: 2434: 2404: 2331: 1853: 1849: 1830: 1630: 1626: 1510: 1494: 1482: 1419: 1336: 1326: 788: 753: 678: 663: 598: 523: 468: 370: 315: 194: 179: 3773:

Dupré, Louis (5 August 2009). "The Common Good and the Open Society".

7049: 6988: 6545: 6188: 6115: 6100: 6021: 5941: 5936: 5861: 5816: 5796: 5775: 5760: 5740: 5725: 5589: 5549: 4696:

Machiavelli's New Modes and Orders: A Study of the Discourses on Livy

3367: 3334: 3203: 3198: 3163: 3084: 2689: 2549: 2456: 2064: 2000: 1720: 1706: 1698: 1595: 1498: 1459: 1447: 1423: 808: 488: 184: 76: 5084: 5071:

Sen, Amartya (1966). "A Possibility Theorem on Majority Decisions".

4997: 4021: 3374:

while insisting on the role of collective bargaining to establish a

7324: 6903: 6640: 6233: 6198: 6172: 6152: 6105: 5916: 5871: 5755: 5659: 5649: 5614: 5584: 4392: 4322:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book VII.8-9. (1328b33-1329a40) 3962: 3824: 3580: 3333:

Augustine's understanding was taken up and, under the influence of

1686: 653: 410: 174: 111: 5413: 7361: 7274: 6162: 6130: 6120: 5891: 5851: 5684: 5609: 5594: 5574: 3662: 3652: 3475: 3452:, issued in 1993 to combat the relaxation of moral norms and the 3208: 3158: 1578: 1574: 5339:"Reclaiming the Common Good | Center for American Progress" 4579:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book VIII.11-12. (1160a8-30) 2118:. Moreover, many of Riker's empirical claims have been refuted. 1949:

Goods § Goods classified by exclusivity and competitiveness

1584: 6110: 5911: 5699: 5674: 5664: 5634: 5619: 4219:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book I.2. (1252a24-1253a38) 2832: 2320: 2248: 1885: 1694: 330: 4169:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book VIII.10. (1160a31-35) 6140: 5629: 5564: 5257:

In Search of a Universal Ethic: A New Look at the Natural Law

4272:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.13. (1284b25-35) 3437:

In Search of a Universal Ethic: A New Look at the Natural Law

3416: 2351: 2032:

only considers the welfare of the least well-off individual.

1907: 1894:), including concepts of the common good or public interest ( 1871: 1710: 1676: 1622: 1599: 1463: 4554:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book VIII.9. (1160a8-30) 4244:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.4. (1276b28-31) 4194:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book II.1-2. (1261a4-23) 1936:

have technical definitions. A public good is a good that is

1513:, and many other thinkers. In contemporary economic theory, 6135: 5559: 4619:

Waldemar, Hanasz (2010). "The common good in Machiavelli".

4141:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book IV.2. (1289a27-37) 3695:

Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good?

3597: 4491:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book X.7. (1177b15-35) 4297:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book III.9. (1281a2-8) 3439:. It referred to them as "two levels" of the common good. 5704: 5599: 4416:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book I.2. (1253a7-17) 4158: 4156: 4130: 4128: 3557:

and public health emergency operation response services.

3456:(see paragraph 98) that affects millions of persons, and 4824:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought.

4731:

Rawls, p.53 revised edition; p.60 old 1971 first edition

4466:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book I.13. (1260a13) 4939: 4441:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book I.5. (1254b20) 1454:. Early conceptions of the common good were set out by 4153: 4125: 1010: 4740:

Rawls, 1971, p. 302; revised edition, p. 53

4098:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book V. 462b-465b 4896:

Morrell K (2009). "Governance and the public good".

1529:

common good, by contrast, arises in the subfield of

5437:

Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good?

3370:. In this letter, Pope Leo guarantees the right to 1679:, but instead the phrase "the good of a city". In 4541: 4511:http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen.html 4261: 4259: 1790:)" but is not identical with it. Elsewhere in the 4753:Confucian Political Philosophy – Oxford Handbooks 4699:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 193–194. 1825: 1466:. One understanding of the common good rooted in 7399: 4073:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book V. 473d 3998:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. Book V. 462a 5232:Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church 4256: 3806: 3804: 3383:Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church 2201:, "The common good is the supreme law", in the 1919: 5060:. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press. p. 137. 4924: 2223: 5520: 5018: 3283: 1785: 1778: 1755: 1739: 1585:In the history of moral and political thought 1399: 6026: 4929:(paperback ed.). Sage. pp. 96–113. 4826:Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012. 4513:. I.2.1094b7–10 (last accessed 30 Jan 2011). 3801: 3712: 3710: 3684: This article incorporates text from a 3348:, beginning with the foundational document, 1911: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1642: 5962: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4608: 4606: 4604: 3493: 1655:and the highest end pursued by government. 1614: 5527: 5513: 5484:"Common Goods for Health: a brief history" 5284:, paragraph 156, accessed 20 February 2024 4750:Wong, David (2011). Klosko, George (ed.). 4722:, Book IV, Chapter 1, Paragraphs 1 & 2 3547: 3290: 3276: 2052:. However, economic theory also points to 1876:The idea of a common good plays a role in 1872:In non-Western moral and political thought 1784:) . . . is drawn from a free way of life ( 1406: 1392: 5230:Pontifical Council of Justice and Peace, 5201: 5032: 4895: 4692: 4121:. London: Penguin Books. pp. 462a–b. 3742: 3707: 5534: 5482:Savedoff, William (September 30, 2019). 5481: 5206:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 5163:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5118:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4665: 4618: 4601: 4026:Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3688:work. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 ( 2191: 1803: 1625:) to be the goal of law and government; 1598:used the idea of "the common interest" ( 7110:Reflections on the Revolution in France 4983: 4850: 4762:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.001.0001 4384: 4015: 4013: 3768: 3766: 2187: 2121: 2078: 1732: 963:Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch 7400: 5433: 5412:. Commongood-forum.org. Archived from 5251:International Theological Commission, 5186: 5158: 5133:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 5113: 4840:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 4835: 4808:. New York: Columbia University Press. 3064:Brazilian Patrianovist Imperial Action 1776:, he indicates that "the common good ( 1589: 5508: 5143: 5128: 5055: 4968: 4880: 4865: 4818: 4816: 4814: 4572: 4547: 4522: 4484: 4459: 4434: 4409: 4365: 4340: 4315: 4290: 4265: 4237: 4212: 4187: 4162: 4134: 4116: 3948: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3853: 3810: 3772: 2180:must demonstrate that they provide a 2005:eg. cinemas, software, private parks 1114:1946 Italian institutional referendum 1054:Spanish American wars of independence 5297:. Radicalacademy.com. Archived from 4749: 4019: 4010: 3928: 3763: 3433:International Theological Commission 7220:The End of History and the Last Man 7130:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 5070: 4971:Social Choice and Individual Values 4693:Mansfield, Harvey C. (2001-04-15). 4397:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4390: 3913: 3868: 3317:The concept is strongly present in 2086:studies collective decision rules. 883:The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates 13: 5427: 5341:. Americanprogress.org. 2006-06-05 5191:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4973:. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 4811: 3937: 3385:, chapter 4, part II. Quoting the 2247: 2050:First Theorem of Welfare Economics 1916:) if this serves the common good. 1651:) to be the object of a society's 14: 7439: 5493: 4091: 4066: 3991: 3883: 3757:10.4000/etudes-benthamiennes.8227 1662: 1517:common good is any good which is 7428:Concepts in political philosophy 7190:The Open Society and Its Enemies 4956:10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01977.x 4912:10.1111/j.1467-9299.2009.01756.x 4838:Theories of Distributive Justice 3898: 3679: 3522:magazine and John Halpin at the 3498: 3257: 1375: 903:Discourses Concerning Government 5997:Family as a model for the state 5475: 5457: 5402: 5392: 5373: 5352: 5331: 5312: 5287: 5274: 5245: 5224: 5210: 5195: 5180: 5167: 5152: 5146:An Economic Theory of Democracy 5137: 5122: 5107: 5064: 5049: 5012: 4977: 4962: 4933: 4918: 4889: 4874: 4859: 4844: 4829: 4798: 4743: 4734: 4725: 4713: 4686: 4659: 4643: 4631: 4591: 4566: 4516: 4503: 4478: 4453: 4428: 4403: 4359: 4334: 4309: 4284: 4231: 4206: 4181: 4110: 4085: 4060: 3985: 3922: 3716: 1533:and refers to the outcome of a 1169:Barbadian Republic Proclamation 7347:Separation of church and state 7245:Collectivism and individualism 7200:The Origins of Totalitarianism 5131:The Logic of Collective Action 4906:(3): 538–56 (quote at p 543). 4804:Bloom, Irene (2009) (trans.). 4020:Simm, Kadri (16 August 2011). 3907: 3892: 3877: 3862: 3847: 3736: 3539:Given the central concern for 2198:Salus publica suprema lex esto 2135:The Logic of Collective Action 1878:Confucian political philosophy 1826:John Rawls's Theory of Justice 1641:understood "the common good" ( 1104:1935 Greek coup d'état attempt 1084:German Revolution of 1918–1919 1: 7387:Category:Political philosophy 7260:Critique of political economy 5175:Public Benefit in Charity Law 4666:Hulliung, Mark (2017-07-05). 3886:Second Treatise of Government 3873:. pp. 1, 2. 90. 2 and 4. 3701: 3442:Other relevant documents are 3244:Common good constitutionalism 2092:Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem 2088:Arrow's Impossibility Theorem 1693:, ruled by the highest good, 1563: 7285:Institutional discrimination 7280:History of political thought 6012:Negative and positive rights 5043:10.1016/0022-0531(75)90050-2 4853:The Evolution of Cooperation 4621:History of Political Thought 3749:Revue d'études benthamiennes 3698:, 80–81, UNESCO. UNESCO. 3690:license statement/permission 3524:Center for American Progress 3108:Popular Representation Party 3069:Brazilian Integralist Action 2220:account of the common good. 1920:In political economic theory 1711: 1600: 1354:Republic without republicans 1099:11 September 1922 Revolution 1094:Mongolian Revolution of 1921 7: 7295:Justification for the state 7080:Two Treatises of Government 5242:(2004). Chapter 4, part II. 5148:. New York: Harper and Row. 4885:. London: Macmillan and Co. 3623:Public benefit organization 3608:Mutualism (economic theory) 3592:Economy for the Common Good 3573: 3074:Brazilian Integralist Front 2224:In Catholic social teaching 1912: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1854:Second Principle of Justice 1089:Turkish War of Independence 1011: 10: 7444: 5965:Bellum omnium contra omnes 5443:. UNESCO. pp. 80–81. 5202:Landemore, Hélène (2012). 5021:Journal of Economic Theory 3674: 3560: 3474:should require, which are 3407:, #26; italics original). 3301: 2472:Traditionalist Catholicism 2338:Doctrine of the two swords 1946: 1903:al-thābit wa-l-mutaghayyir 1850:First Principle of Justice 1144:1970 Cambodian coup d'état 893:The Commonwealth of Oceana 18: 7382: 7232: 7001: 6649: 6382: 6262: 6181: 6093: 6084: 5950: 5784: 5713: 5542: 5469:World Health Organization 5465:"Common goods for health" 4038:10.1017/S0963180111000296 3787:10.1017/S0034670500018052 3743:Tarantino, Piero (2020). 3103:Palmarian Catholic Church 2172:In many countries of the 1882:Islamic political thought 1547:collective decision rules 1317:The Emperor's New Clothes 1069:5 October 1910 revolution 1064:French Revolution of 1848 87:Liberty as non-domination 7170:The Revolt of the Masses 5189:Philosophy and Democracy 5173:Jonathan Garton (2013), 4855:. New York: Basic Books. 4851:Axelrod, Robert (1984). 4836:Roemer, John E. (1996). 3929:Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 3494:In contemporary politics 3448:, a papal encyclical by 3364:laissez-faire capitalism 3346:Catholic social teaching 3304:Catholic social teaching 3009:Pascendi Dominici Gregis 2963:El liberalismo es pecado 2949:De regno, ad regem Cypri 2440:Political traditionalism 2291:Catholic social teaching 2178:charitable organizations 1991:eg. fish stocks, timber 1924:In economics, the terms 1859:the difference principle 1612:held "the common good" ( 1458:philosophers, including 1159:1987 Fijian coups d'état 1119:1952 Egyptian revolution 97:Political representation 7150:The Communist Manifesto 6076:Tyranny of the majority 5987:Consent of the governed 5266:March 11, 2013, at the 5238:August 1, 2016, at the 5159:Ostrom, Elinor (1990). 5144:Downs, Anthony (1957). 5056:Riker, William (1982). 4969:Arrow, Kenneth (1951). 4925:Goodsell, C.T. (1990). 3723:Encyclopædia Britannica 3548:Common goods for health 3541:sustainable development 3079:Catholic and Royal Army 2974:Famuli vestrae pietatis 2104:The Calculus of Consent 1863:equality of opportunity 1810:Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 1535:social welfare function 1452:philosophical doctrines 1139:1969 Libyan coup d'état 923:Discourse on Inequality 72:Consent of the governed 6027: 5977:Clash of civilizations 5963: 5385:June 11, 2007, at the 5324:June 15, 2006, at the 5129:Olson, Mancur (1965). 5114:Mackie, Gerry (2004). 4881:Pigou, Arthur (1920). 4720:Of the Social Contract 3858:. pp. 3, 6–7, 12. 3775:The Review of Politics 3387:Second Vatican Council 3031:O que é o Integralismo 2446:Res publica Christiana 2252: 2210:deliberative democracy 2205: 2167:tragedy of the commons 2016:free-to-air television 1786: 1779: 1756: 1740: 1643: 1615: 1468:Aristotle's philosophy 5992:Divine right of kings 5280:Pope Francis (2015), 4943:Public Administration 4899:Public Administration 4868:The Wealth of Nations 4393:"Aristotle: Politics" 3519:The American Prospect 3478:, honesty, fairness, 3229:Person Dignity Theory 2452:Sun and Moon allegory 2358:Divine right of kings 2251: 2195: 1987:Common-pool resources 1804:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1639:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1487:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1307:Criticism of monarchy 1129:North Yemen civil war 943:The Federalist Papers 238:Federal parliamentary 7140:Democracy in America 6519:political philosophy 6502:political philosophy 6317:political philosophy 6146:political philosophy 6056:Separation of powers 6017:Night-watchman state 6002:Monopoly on violence 5536:Political philosophy 4883:Economics of Welfare 4866:Smith, Adam (1776). 3888:. pp. 131, 158. 3613:Mutualism (movement) 3454:political corruption 3024:Mes idées politiques 2467:Traditional monarchy 2420:National syndicalism 2415:National Catholicism 2395:Integral nationalism 2368:Ecclesiastical court 2188:In democratic theory 2127:Public choice theory 2122:Public choice theory 2084:Social choice theory 2079:Social choice theory 1979:eg. food, clothing, 1733:Renaissance Florence 1685:, Plato's character 1610:Saint Thomas Aquinas 1551:Public choice theory 1543:Social choice theory 1292:Classical radicalism 1034:Republic of Florence 973:Democracy in America 132:Separation of powers 107:Public participation 19:For other uses, see 7330:Right-wing politics 7210:A Theory of Justice 7180:The Road to Serfdom 7100:The Social Contract 5807:Christian democracy 5410:"Common Good Forum" 5218:Epistle of Barnabas 4669:Citizen Machiavelli 3692:). Text taken from 3534:Rockridge Institute 3460:' 2015 encyclical, 3431:The Roman Catholic 3311:Epistle of Barnabas 3264:Politics portal 3183:Clerico-nationalism 2374:Error has no rights 2214:Epistemic democracy 2073:jointness of supply 1814:The Social Contract 1712:to koinei sympheron 1601:to koinei sympheron 1590:Historical overview 1507:John Maynard Keynes 1479:Niccolò Machiavelli 1382:Politics portal 1187:Antigua and Barbuda 1134:Zanzibar Revolution 1044:American Revolution 933:The Social Contract 102:Popular sovereignty 7413:Concepts in ethics 7342:Political violence 7337:Political theology 7320:Left-wing politics 7315:Political spectrum 5116:Democracy Defended 4576:Nicomachean Ethics 4551:Nicomachean Ethics 4488:Nicomachean Ethics 4166:Nicomachean Ethics 3918:. pp. 10, 51. 3468:Veritatis Splendor 3445:Veritatis Splendor 3319:Augustine of Hippo 2560:Barbey d'Aurevilly 2390:Integral Education 2311:Counter-revolution 2253: 2206: 2156:rational ignorance 2038:Prisoner's dilemma 1891:maqāṣid al-sharī‘a 1773:Discourses on Livy 1726:Nicomachean Ethics 1348:Primus inter pares 1164:Nepalese Civil War 1154:Iranian Revolution 1124:14 July Revolution 1079:Russian Revolution 1074:Chinese Revolution 1024:Republic of Venice 873:Discourses on Livy 7395: 7394: 7305:Philosophy of law 7250:Conflict theories 7090:The Spirit of Law 6997: 6996: 6046:Original position 5450:978-92-3-100088-1 5295:"Radical Academy" 4391:Clayton, Edward. 3869:Aquinas, Thomas. 3648:Social safety net 3618:Open-source model 3505:American politics 3450:Pope John Paul II 3403:" (#164, quoting 3300: 3299: 3234:Orthodox Peronism 3177:Sodalitium Pianum 2151:paradox of voting 2029:welfare economics 2025: 2024: 1841:original position 1836:Theory of Justice 1531:welfare economics 1428:political science 1416: 1415: 1359:Republican empire 1332:List of republics 1181:National variants 1109:Spanish Civil War 1049:French Revolution 1029:Republic of Genoa 913:The Spirit of Law 846:Theoretical works 190:Neo-republicanism 7435: 7310:Political ethics 7300:Machiavellianism 7240:Authoritarianism 7225: 7215: 7205: 7195: 7185: 7175: 7165: 7155: 7145: 7135: 7125: 7115: 7105: 7095: 7085: 7075: 7065: 7055: 7045: 7035: 7025: 7015: 6091: 6090: 6032: 5968: 5958:Balance of power 5932:Social democracy 5927:Social Darwinism 5902:Multiculturalism 5847:Environmentalism 5822:Communitarianism 5529: 5522: 5515: 5506: 5505: 5488: 5487: 5479: 5473: 5472: 5461: 5455: 5454: 5442: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5421: 5406: 5400: 5396: 5390: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5356: 5350: 5349: 5347: 5346: 5335: 5329: 5316: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5291: 5285: 5278: 5272: 5249: 5243: 5228: 5222: 5214: 5208: 5207: 5199: 5193: 5192: 5184: 5178: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5141: 5135: 5134: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5111: 5105: 5104: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5036: 5016: 5010: 5009: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4937: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4878: 4872: 4871: 4863: 4857: 4856: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4833: 4827: 4820: 4809: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4789: 4785: 4783: 4775: 4747: 4741: 4738: 4732: 4729: 4723: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4663: 4657: 4647: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4628: 4616: 4599: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4570: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4559: 4545: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4520: 4514: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4482: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4407: 4401: 4400: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4313: 4307: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4263: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4160: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4132: 4123: 4122: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4017: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4003: 3989: 3983: 3982: 3946: 3935: 3934: 3933:. pp. 2. 1. 3926: 3920: 3919: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3896: 3890: 3889: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3871:Summa Theologiae 3866: 3860: 3859: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3770: 3761: 3760: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3714: 3683: 3503:In contemporary 3424:of human life. " 3402: 3372:private property 3356:papal encyclical 3292: 3285: 3278: 3262: 3261: 3188:Clerical fascism 3097:Milícia Catalana 3051:Action Française 2385:Gelasian Diarchy 2316:Decentralization 2286:Authoritarianism 2228: 2227: 2203:Swiss Parliament 2116:Condorcet winner 2098:William H. Riker 2020:national defense 1953: 1952: 1915: 1905: 1899: 1893: 1867: 1789: 1782: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1759: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1714: 1705:Plato's student 1691:philosopher king 1646: 1618: 1603: 1503:John Stuart Mill 1408: 1401: 1394: 1380: 1379: 1364:Republican Party 1342:Peasant republic 1302:Communitarianism 1019:Classical Athens 1014: 988: 978: 968: 958: 948: 938: 928: 918: 908: 898: 888: 878: 868: 858: 92:Mixed government 26: 25: 7443: 7442: 7438: 7437: 7436: 7434: 7433: 7432: 7408:Social concepts 7398: 7397: 7396: 7391: 7378: 7367:Totalitarianism 7228: 7223: 7213: 7203: 7193: 7183: 7173: 7163: 7153: 7143: 7133: 7123: 7113: 7103: 7093: 7083: 7073: 7063: 7053: 7043: 7040:Treatise on Law 7033: 7023: 7013: 6993: 6651: 6645: 6384: 6378: 6264: 6258: 6177: 6080: 6066:State of nature 6061:Social contract 6041:Ordered liberty 6029:Noblesse oblige 5946: 5780: 5709: 5538: 5533: 5496: 5491: 5480: 5476: 5463: 5462: 5458: 5451: 5440: 5434:UNESCO (2015). 5432: 5428: 5419: 5417: 5408: 5407: 5403: 5397: 5393: 5387:Wayback Machine 5378: 5374: 5365: 5363: 5360:"July 17, 2006" 5358: 5357: 5353: 5344: 5342: 5337: 5336: 5332: 5326:Wayback Machine 5317: 5313: 5304: 5302: 5293: 5292: 5288: 5279: 5275: 5268:Wayback Machine 5250: 5246: 5240:Wayback Machine 5229: 5225: 5215: 5211: 5200: 5196: 5185: 5181: 5172: 5168: 5157: 5153: 5142: 5138: 5127: 5123: 5112: 5108: 5085:10.2307/1909947 5069: 5065: 5054: 5050: 5034:10.1.1.471.9842 5017: 5013: 4998:10.2307/1914083 4982: 4978: 4967: 4963: 4938: 4934: 4923: 4919: 4894: 4890: 4879: 4875: 4864: 4860: 4849: 4845: 4834: 4830: 4821: 4812: 4803: 4799: 4787: 4786: 4777: 4776: 4772: 4756:. Vol. 1. 4748: 4744: 4739: 4735: 4730: 4726: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4691: 4687: 4680: 4664: 4660: 4648: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4617: 4602: 4596: 4592: 4582: 4580: 4571: 4567: 4557: 4555: 4546: 4542: 4532: 4530: 4521: 4517: 4508: 4504: 4494: 4492: 4483: 4479: 4469: 4467: 4458: 4454: 4444: 4442: 4433: 4429: 4419: 4417: 4408: 4404: 4389: 4385: 4375: 4373: 4364: 4360: 4350: 4348: 4339: 4335: 4325: 4323: 4314: 4310: 4300: 4298: 4289: 4285: 4275: 4273: 4264: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4236: 4232: 4222: 4220: 4211: 4207: 4197: 4195: 4186: 4182: 4172: 4170: 4161: 4154: 4144: 4142: 4133: 4126: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4090: 4086: 4076: 4074: 4065: 4061: 4018: 4011: 4001: 3999: 3990: 3986: 3947: 3938: 3931:Social Contract 3927: 3923: 3912: 3908: 3901:Teatise 3, 2. 2 3897: 3893: 3882: 3878: 3867: 3863: 3852: 3848: 3809: 3802: 3771: 3764: 3741: 3737: 3727: 3725: 3715: 3708: 3704: 3677: 3672: 3643:Social contract 3633:Public interest 3576: 3563: 3550: 3514:Michael Tomasky 3501: 3496: 3405:Gaudium et spes 3400: 3397:the common good 3392:Gaudium et spes 3337:, developed by 3306: 3296: 3256: 3249: 3248: 3137: 3129: 3128: 3091:Integrist Party 3058:Acción Española 3045: 3037: 3036: 3017:El Siglo Futuro 2969:Papal documents 2956:Treatise on Law 2942:The City of God 2931: 2923: 2922: 2778: 2770: 2769: 2540: 2532: 2531: 2517:Israeli/Zionist 2490: 2482: 2481: 2457:Social Kingship 2301:Confessionalism 2271:Anti-liberalism 2261: 2226: 2190: 2124: 2081: 2069:public interest 2054:market failures 2013: 2004: 1990: 1978: 1963:Non-excludable 1951: 1922: 1874: 1865: 1828: 1806: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1735: 1699:communistically 1665: 1592: 1587: 1566: 1440:general welfare 1412: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1287: 1279: 1278: 1182: 1174: 1173: 1059:Trienio Liberal 1000: 992: 991: 986: 976: 966: 956: 946: 936: 926: 916: 906: 896: 886: 876: 866: 856: 847: 839: 838: 574:Flynn (Stephen) 459: 451: 450: 291: 283: 282: 208: 200: 199: 155: 147: 146: 142:Social equality 137:Social contract 127:Self-governance 82:Democratization 57:Anti-corruption 52:Anti-monarchism 47: 31:Politics series 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7441: 7431: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7418:Public commons 7415: 7410: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7389: 7383: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7376: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7357:Social justice 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7333: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7265:Egalitarianism 7262: 7257: 7255:Contractualism 7252: 7247: 7242: 7236: 7234: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7216: 7206: 7196: 7186: 7176: 7166: 7156: 7146: 7136: 7126: 7116: 7106: 7096: 7086: 7076: 7066: 7056: 7046: 7036: 7026: 7016: 7005: 7003: 6999: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6655: 6653: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6511: 6506: 6505: 6504: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6388: 6386: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6320: 6319: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6268: 6266: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6185: 6183: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6097: 6095: 6088: 6082: 6081: 6079: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6051:Overton window 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5960: 5954: 5952: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5882:Libertarianism 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5788: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5717: 5715: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5539: 5532: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5494:External links 5492: 5490: 5489: 5474: 5456: 5449: 5426: 5401: 5391: 5372: 5351: 5330: 5311: 5286: 5273: 5271:. (2009), #85. 5244: 5223: 5209: 5194: 5179: 5166: 5151: 5136: 5121: 5106: 5079:(2): 491–499. 5063: 5048: 5027:(2): 187–217. 5011: 4992:(4): 587–601. 4976: 4961: 4932: 4917: 4888: 4873: 4858: 4843: 4828: 4810: 4797: 4788:|journal= 4770: 4742: 4733: 4724: 4712: 4705: 4685: 4678: 4658: 4642: 4630: 4600: 4590: 4565: 4540: 4515: 4502: 4477: 4452: 4427: 4402: 4383: 4358: 4333: 4308: 4283: 4255: 4230: 4205: 4180: 4152: 4124: 4117:Plato (2003). 4109: 4084: 4059: 4009: 3984: 3963:10.1086/291887 3957:(4): 283–284. 3936: 3921: 3906: 3891: 3876: 3861: 3846: 3825:10.1086/291887 3819:(4): 283–293. 3800: 3781:(4): 687–712. 3762: 3735: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3658:Utilitarianism 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3588: 3583: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3562: 3559: 3555:vector control 3549: 3546: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3339:Thomas Aquinas 3302:Main article: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3287: 3280: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3267: 3266: 3251: 3250: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3239:Third Position 3236: 3231: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3185: 3180: 3173: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3149: 3144: 3142:Traditionalism 3138: 3135: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3093: 3088: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3054: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3039: 3038: 3035: 3034: 3027: 3020: 3013: 3005: 2998: 2991: 2984: 2977: 2966: 2959: 2952: 2945: 2938: 2936:Catholic Bible 2932: 2929: 2928: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2843:Lamamié (Juan) 2840: 2838:Lamamié (José) 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2768: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2534: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2503: 2502: 2491: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2477:Ultramontanism 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2402: 2400:Integral state 2397: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2370: 2365: 2362:Deposing power 2355: 2349: 2340: 2335: 2329: 2324: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2266:Anti-communism 2262: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2244: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2225: 2222: 2189: 2186: 2182:public benefit 2123: 2120: 2080: 2077: 2046:invisible hand 2023: 2022: 2006: 1997: 1996:Non-rivalrous 1993: 1992: 1983: 1981:parking spaces 1971: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1956: 1947:Main article: 1942:non-excludable 1921: 1918: 1873: 1870: 1827: 1824: 1805: 1802: 1780:comune utilità 1765:common utility 1757:comune utilità 1734: 1731: 1721:teleologically 1669:Ancient Greeks 1664: 1663:Ancient Greeks 1661: 1644:le bien commun 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1565: 1562: 1539:utilitarianism 1523:non-excludable 1475:Thomas Aquinas 1444:public benefit 1414: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1403: 1396: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1371: 1370: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1312:Egalitarianism 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1288: 1286:Related topics 1285: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1257:United Kingdom 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1039:Dutch Republic 1036: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1007: 1005:Roman Republic 1001: 998: 997: 994: 993: 990: 989: 979: 969: 959: 949: 939: 929: 919: 909: 899: 889: 879: 869: 859: 848: 845: 844: 841: 840: 837: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 460: 457: 456: 453: 452: 449: 448: 446:Wollstonecraft 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 292: 289: 288: 285: 284: 281: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 209: 206: 205: 202: 201: 198: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 172: 167: 162: 156: 153: 152: 149: 148: 145: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 48: 45: 44: 41: 40: 34: 33: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7440: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7423:Republicanism 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7388: 7385: 7384: 7381: 7375: 7374: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7290:Jurisprudence 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7237: 7235: 7231: 7222: 7221: 7217: 7212: 7211: 7207: 7202: 7201: 7197: 7192: 7191: 7187: 7182: 7181: 7177: 7172: 7171: 7167: 7162: 7161: 7157: 7152: 7151: 7147: 7142: 7141: 7137: 7132: 7131: 7127: 7122: 7121: 7120:Rights of Man 7117: 7112: 7111: 7107: 7102: 7101: 7097: 7092: 7091: 7087: 7082: 7081: 7077: 7072: 7071: 7067: 7062: 7061: 7057: 7052: 7051: 7047: 7042: 7041: 7037: 7032: 7031: 7030:De re publica 7027: 7022: 7021: 7017: 7012: 7011: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7000: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6650:20th and 21st 6648: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6503: 6500: 6499: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6389: 6387: 6383:18th and 19th 6381: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6261: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6239:Nizam al-Mulk 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6083: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6030: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5966: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5949: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5922:Republicanism 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5783: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5530: 5525: 5523: 5518: 5516: 5511: 5510: 5507: 5501: 5498: 5497: 5485: 5478: 5470: 5466: 5460: 5452: 5446: 5439: 5438: 5430: 5416:on 2013-10-04 5415: 5411: 5405: 5399: 5395: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5361: 5355: 5340: 5334: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5301:on 2011-07-17 5300: 5296: 5290: 5283: 5277: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5260: 5259: 5255: 5254: 5248: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5227: 5220: 5219: 5213: 5205: 5198: 5190: 5183: 5177:, OUP Oxford. 5176: 5170: 5162: 5155: 5147: 5140: 5132: 5125: 5117: 5110: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5067: 5059: 5052: 5044: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5015: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4980: 4972: 4965: 4957: 4953: 4950:(2): 412–28. 4949: 4945: 4944: 4936: 4928: 4921: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4892: 4884: 4877: 4869: 4862: 4854: 4847: 4839: 4832: 4825: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4807: 4801: 4793: 4781: 4773: 4771:9780199238804 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4754: 4746: 4737: 4728: 4721: 4716: 4708: 4706:9780226503707 4702: 4698: 4697: 4689: 4681: 4679:9781351528481 4675: 4672:. Routledge. 4671: 4670: 4662: 4655: 4651: 4646: 4640:I 16, p. 174. 4639: 4634: 4626: 4622: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4594: 4578: 4577: 4569: 4553: 4552: 4544: 4528: 4527: 4519: 4512: 4506: 4490: 4489: 4481: 4465: 4464: 4456: 4440: 4439: 4431: 4415: 4414: 4406: 4398: 4394: 4387: 4371: 4370: 4362: 4346: 4345: 4337: 4321: 4320: 4312: 4296: 4295: 4287: 4271: 4270: 4262: 4260: 4243: 4242: 4234: 4218: 4217: 4209: 4193: 4192: 4184: 4168: 4167: 4159: 4157: 4140: 4139: 4131: 4129: 4120: 4113: 4097: 4096: 4088: 4072: 4071: 4063: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4032:(4): 554–62. 4031: 4027: 4023: 4016: 4014: 3997: 3996: 3988: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3932: 3925: 3917: 3910: 3902: 3899:Hume, David. 3895: 3887: 3884:Locke, John. 3880: 3872: 3865: 3857: 3850: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3807: 3805: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3769: 3767: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3739: 3724: 3720: 3719:"Common good" 3713: 3711: 3706: 3699: 3697: 3696: 3691: 3687: 3682: 3669: 3668:Welfare state 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3571: 3567: 3558: 3556: 3545: 3542: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3506: 3499:United States 3491: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3464: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3440: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3419: 3413: 3408: 3406: 3398: 3394: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3360:Pope Leo XIII 3357: 3353: 3352: 3351:Rerum novarum 3347: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3331: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3315: 3313: 3312: 3305: 3293: 3288: 3286: 3281: 3279: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3254: 3253: 3252: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3220: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3053: 3052: 3048: 3047: 3044:Organizations 3041: 3040: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3011: 3010: 3006: 3004: 3003: 3002:Rerum novarum 2999: 2997: 2996: 2995:Immortale Dei 2992: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2976: 2975: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2958: 2957: 2953: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2803:Constantine I 2801: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2536: 2535: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2486: 2485: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2409:Accidentalism 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2347:Cooperativism 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2257: 2256: 2250: 2246: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2221: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2204: 2200: 2199: 2194: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2164: 2163:Elinor Ostrom 2159: 2157: 2152: 2148: 2147:Anthony Downs 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2106: 2105: 2099: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2061: 2059: 2058:externalities 2055: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2041:for society. 2039: 2033: 2030: 2027:The field of 2021: 2017: 2012: 2011: 2007: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1982: 1977: 1976: 1975:Private goods 1972: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1954: 1950: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1938:non-rivalrous 1935: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1917: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1898: 1897:maṣlaḥa ‘āmma 1892: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1869: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1801: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1787:vivere libero 1783: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1758: 1742: 1730: 1727: 1722: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1660: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1636: 1635:James Madison 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1616:bonum commune 1611: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1571: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1555:microeconomic 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1491:James Madison 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1456:Ancient Greek 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1409: 1404: 1402: 1397: 1395: 1390: 1389: 1387: 1386: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1372: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1349: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1283: 1282: 1275: 1274:United States 1272: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1149:Metapolitefsi 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1013: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1002: 996: 995: 985: 984: 983:On Revolution 980: 975: 974: 970: 965: 964: 960: 955: 954: 953:Rights of Man 950: 945: 944: 940: 935: 934: 930: 925: 924: 920: 915: 914: 910: 905: 904: 900: 895: 894: 890: 885: 884: 880: 875: 874: 870: 865: 864: 863:De re publica 860: 855: 854: 850: 849: 843: 842: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 669:Jones (Lynne) 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 464:Adams (Gerry) 462: 461: 455: 454: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 293: 287: 286: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 263:Revolutionary 261: 259: 256: 254: 253:Parliamentary 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 210: 204: 203: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 157: 151: 150: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 63: 62:Civil society 60: 58: 55: 53: 50: 49: 43: 42: 39: 38:Republicanism 36: 35: 32: 28: 27: 22: 7371: 7270:Elite theory 7218: 7208: 7198: 7188: 7178: 7168: 7158: 7148: 7138: 7128: 7118: 7108: 7098: 7088: 7078: 7068: 7058: 7048: 7038: 7028: 7018: 7008: 6307:Guicciardini 6263:Early modern 6086:Philosophers 6036:Open society 5981: 5972:Body politic 5842:Distributism 5832:Conservatism 5827:Confucianism 5746:Gerontocracy 5736:Dictatorship 5690:Sovereignty‎ 5680:Ruling class 5570:Emancipation 5555:Citizenship‎ 5477: 5468: 5459: 5436: 5429: 5418:. Retrieved 5414:the original 5404: 5394: 5375: 5364:. Retrieved 5362:. The Nation 5354: 5343:. Retrieved 5333: 5314: 5303:. Retrieved 5299:the original 5289: 5276: 5261: 5258: 5252: 5247: 5226: 5216: 5212: 5203: 5197: 5188: 5182: 5174: 5169: 5160: 5154: 5145: 5139: 5130: 5124: 5115: 5109: 5076: 5073:Econometrica 5072: 5066: 5057: 5051: 5024: 5020: 5014: 4989: 4986:Econometrica 4985: 4979: 4970: 4964: 4947: 4941: 4935: 4926: 4920: 4903: 4897: 4891: 4882: 4876: 4867: 4861: 4852: 4846: 4837: 4831: 4823: 4805: 4800: 4752: 4745: 4736: 4727: 4719: 4715: 4695: 4688: 4668: 4661: 4656:I 9, p. 154. 4653: 4652:I 2, p. 132; 4649: 4645: 4637: 4633: 4624: 4620: 4593: 4581:. Retrieved 4575: 4568: 4556:. Retrieved 4550: 4543: 4531:. Retrieved 4525: 4518: 4505: 4493:. Retrieved 4487: 4480: 4468:. Retrieved 4462: 4455: 4443:. Retrieved 4437: 4430: 4418:. Retrieved 4412: 4405: 4396: 4386: 4374:. Retrieved 4368: 4361: 4349:. Retrieved 4343: 4336: 4324:. Retrieved 4318: 4311: 4299:. Retrieved 4293: 4286: 4274:. Retrieved 4268: 4246:. Retrieved 4240: 4233: 4221:. Retrieved 4215: 4208: 4196:. Retrieved 4190: 4183: 4171:. Retrieved 4165: 4143:. Retrieved 4137: 4118: 4112: 4100:. Retrieved 4094: 4087: 4075:. Retrieved 4069: 4062: 4029: 4025: 4000:. Retrieved 3994: 3987: 3954: 3950: 3930: 3924: 3915: 3909: 3900: 3894: 3885: 3879: 3870: 3864: 3855: 3849: 3816: 3812: 3778: 3774: 3748: 3738: 3726:. Retrieved 3722: 3717:Lee, Simon. 3694: 3686:free content 3678: 3590: 3586:Commonwealth 3568: 3564: 3551: 3538: 3527: 3517: 3502: 3487: 3476:truthfulness 3467: 3461: 3458:Pope Francis 3443: 3441: 3436: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3417: 3411: 3409: 3404: 3396: 3390: 3382: 3380: 3349: 3343: 3332: 3325: 3322: 3316: 3309: 3307: 3221: 3216:Nacionalismo 3214: 3191: 3175: 3170:Neocatólicos 3168: 3151: 3119: 3112: 3095: 3083: 3056: 3049: 3029: 3022: 3015: 3007: 3000: 2993: 2986: 2979: 2972: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2940: 2444: 2430:Panhispanism 2343:Distributism 2327:Municipalism 2319: 2295: 2281:Anti-Zionism 2276:Anti-Masonry 2207: 2196: 2174:Commonwealth 2171: 2160: 2139:Mancur Olson 2134: 2131:rent-seeking 2125: 2109: 2102: 2096: 2082: 2072: 2062: 2043: 2034: 2026: 2010:Public goods 2008: 1999: 1985: 1973: 1932: 1926: 1923: 1875: 1858: 1835: 1829: 1819:general will 1812: 1807: 1796: 1791: 1777: 1771: 1741:bene commune 1736: 1704: 1682:The Republic 1680: 1666: 1657: 1653:general will 1613: 1593: 1581:and rights. 1569: 1567: 1526: 1514: 1472: 1443: 1439: 1436:commonwealth 1435: 1431: 1417: 1346: 1296: 981: 971: 961: 951: 941: 931: 921: 911: 901: 891: 881: 871: 861: 851: 664:Jones (Elin) 569:Flynn (Paul) 529:Clarke (Tom) 524:Clark (Katy) 469:Adams (John) 290:Philosophers 67:Civic virtue 29:Part of the 7144:(1835–1840) 7024:(c. 350 BC) 7014:(c. 375 BC) 6631:Tocqueville 6596:Saint-Simon 6561:Montesquieu 6412:Bolingbroke 6344:Machiavelli 6224:Ibn Khaldun 6189:Alpharabius 6182:Middle Ages 6007:Natural law 5982:Common good 5907:Nationalism 5867:Imperialism 5837:Corporatism 5812:Colonialism 5792:Agrarianism 5771:Technocracy 5751:Meritocracy 5731:Bureaucracy 5721:Aristocracy 5282:Laudato si' 4654:Discourses, 4650:Discourses, 4638:Discourses, 4627:(1): 57–85. 4573:Aristotle. 4548:Aristotle. 4523:Aristotle. 4485:Aristotle. 4460:Aristotle. 4435:Aristotle. 4410:Aristotle. 4366:Aristotle. 4341:Aristotle. 4316:Aristotle. 4291:Aristotle. 4266:Aristotle. 4238:Aristotle. 4213:Aristotle. 4188:Aristotle. 4163:Aristotle. 4135:Aristotle. 3854:Aristotle. 3653:The commons 3628:Public good 3603:Higher good 3509:progressive 3488:Laudato si' 3463:Laudato si' 3376:living wage 3327:City of God 3323:magnum opus 3193:Estado Novo 2988:Quanta Cura 2777:Politicians 2615:Fontcuberta 2425:Natural law 2380:Familialism 2306:Corporatism 2296:Common good 2241:Integralism 2218:cognitivist 2112:Amartya Sen 1933:common good 1927:public good 1886:shari‘a law 1797:Discourses, 1792:Discourses, 1749:common good 1570:common good 1558:methodology 1432:common good 1297:Common good 1237:New Zealand 1232:Netherlands 977:(1835–1840) 947:(1787–1788) 857:(c. 375 BC) 779:Robespierre 554:Etherington 489:Benn (Tony) 458:Politicians 436:Tocqueville 396:Montesquieu 376:Machiavelli 122:Rule of law 117:Res publica 21:Common Good 7402:Categories 7352:Separatism 7160:On Liberty 7060:The Prince 6789:Huntington 6292:Campanella 6219:al-Ghazali 6168:Thucydides 6126:Lactantius 6071:Statolatry 5897:Monarchism 5877:Liberalism 5802:Capitalism 5785:Ideologies 5766:Plutocracy 5714:Government 5670:Revolution 5655:Propaganda 5605:Legitimacy 5580:Government 5420:2013-10-03 5366:2013-10-03 5345:2013-10-03 5305:2013-10-03 3916:Federalist 3702:References 3638:Roerichism 3529:The Nation 3484:solidarity 3480:temperance 3472:leadership 3412:Compendium 3389:document, 3147:Legitimism 3121:Viva Maria 3114:Sanfedisti 2981:Mirari Vos 2918:de Villèle 2908:dos Santos 2903:Santamaria 2755:Valdivieso 2730:dos Santos 2675:Meinvielle 2630:Gelasius I 2595:Eyzaguirre 2580:Castellani 2462:Solidarity 2435:Patriotism 2405:Monarchism 2332:Organicism 2260:Principles 2001:Club goods 1959:Excludable 1831:John Rawls 1631:David Hume 1627:John Locke 1564:Definition 1511:John Rawls 1495:Adam Smith 1483:John Locke 1420:philosophy 1337:Monarchism 1327:Liberalism 1322:Jacobinism 1012:Gaṇasaṅgha 867:(54–51 BC) 351:Harrington 228:Democratic 218:Capitalist 213:Autonomous 195:Venizelism 180:Khomeinism 7070:Leviathan 7050:Monarchia 7044:(c. 1274) 6879:Oakeshott 6824:Mansfield 6819:Luxemburg 6804:Kropotkin 6699:Bernstein 6652:centuries 6566:Nietzsche 6509:Jefferson 6437:Condorcet 6385:centuries 6364:Pufendorf 6229:Marsilius 6116:Confucius 6101:Aristotle 6094:Antiquity 6022:Noble lie 5942:Third Way 5937:Socialism 5862:Feudalism 5817:Communism 5797:Anarchism 5776:Theocracy 5761:Oligarchy 5741:Democracy 5726:Autocracy 5640:Pluralism 5625:Obedience 5590:Hierarchy 5550:Authority 5029:CiteSeerX 4790:ignored ( 4780:cite book 4598:178–200.] 3979:145088595 3914:Publius. 3841:145088595 3795:143454235 3368:socialism 3335:Aristotle 3223:El Yunque 3204:Francoism 3199:Falangism 3164:Miguelism 3153:Federales 3085:Cristeros 2813:Fernández 2808:Estévanez 2798:Clavarana 2745:Taparelli 2575:de Bonald 2550:Augustine 2495:Brazilian 2143:free-ride 2065:economics 1969:Rivalrous 1845:"maximin" 1707:Aristotle 1596:Aristotle 1568:The term 1519:rivalrous 1499:Karl Marx 1460:Aristotle 1448:community 1424:economics 1192:Australia 824:Venizelos 814:Spadolini 804:Slaughter 749:McDonnell 714:Mackenzie 659:Jefferson 614:Griffiths 594:de Gaulle 589:Garibaldi 549:Drakeford 441:Warburton 361:Jefferson 356:Honderich 336:Condorcet 223:Christian 185:Nasserism 160:Classical 77:Democracy 7325:Centrism 7020:Politics 7010:Republic 6979:Voegelin 6959:Spengler 6944:Shariati 6919:Rothbard 6874:Nussbaum 6774:Habermas 6749:Fukuyama 6739:Foucault 6664:Ambedkar 6641:Voltaire 6611:de Staël 6586:Rousseau 6467:Franklin 6442:Constant 6402:Beccaria 6234:Muhammad 6214:Gelasius 6199:Averroes 6173:Xenophon 6153:Polybius 6106:Chanakya 5951:Concepts 5917:Populism 5887:Localism 5872:Islamism 5857:Feminism 5756:Monarchy 5660:Property 5650:Progress 5615:Monopoly 5585:Hegemony 5383:Archived 5322:Archived 5264:Archived 5236:Archived 5221:, 4, 10. 5101:16238050 4583:19 April 4558:19 April 4533:19 April 4526:Politics 4495:19 April 4470:19 April 4463:Politics 4445:19 April 4438:Politics 4420:19 April 4413:Politics 4376:19 April 4369:Politics 4351:19 April 4344:Politics 4326:19 April 4319:Politics 4301:19 April 4294:Politics 4276:19 April 4269:Politics 4248:19 April 4241:Politics 4223:19 April 4216:Politics 4198:19 April 4191:Politics 4173:19 April 4145:19 April 4138:Politics 4119:Republic 4102:19 April 4095:Republic 4077:19 April 4070:Republic 4054:36435554 4046:21843386 4002:19 April 3995:Republic 3856:Politics 3581:Altruism 3574:See also 3532:and the 3136:See also 2893:Rocamora 2873:Olazábal 2853:Louis IX 2765:Veuillot 2760:Vermeule 2735:Sardinha 2645:González 2590:Delassus 2539:Thinkers 2522:Lusitano 2507:Catholic 2489:Variants 2352:Guildism 2233:a series 2231:Part of 1687:Socrates 1667:For the 1577:others' 1575:respects 1553:applies 1525:, while 1262:Scotland 1202:Barbados 853:Republic 769:Prescott 739:Naysmith 729:McKechin 689:La Malfa 684:Khomeini 644:Iorwerth 609:Griffith 584:Gambetta 579:Galloway 564:Ferguson 544:Davidson 539:Cromwell 534:Connolly 514:Campbell 431:Sunstein 416:Rousseau 411:Polybius 346:Franklin 326:Chappell 321:Cattaneo 258:People's 243:Imperial 175:Kemalism 112:Republic 46:Concepts 7362:Statism 7275:Elitism 7233:Related 7034:(51 BC) 6964:Strauss 6939:Scruton 6934:Schmitt 6924:Russell 6844:Michels 6839:Maurras 6834:Marcuse 6794:Kautsky 6764:Gramsci 6759:Gentile 6729:Dworkin 6719:Du Bois 6714:Dmowski 6709:Chomsky 6704:Burnham 6689:Benoist 6659:Agamben 6626:Thoreau 6616:Stirner 6606:Spencer 6551:Mazzini 6541:Maistre 6536:Madison 6531:Le Play 6462:Fourier 6427:Carlyle 6407:Bentham 6397:Bastiat 6392:Bakunin 6369:Spinoza 6359:Müntzer 6329:Leibniz 6302:Grotius 6282:Bossuet 6249:Plethon 6194:Aquinas 6163:Sun Tzu 6131:Mencius 6121:Han Fei 5892:Marxism 5852:Fascism 5685:Society 5610:Liberty 5595:Justice 5575:Freedom 5093:1909947 5006:1914083 4806:Mencius 4092:Plato. 4067:Plato. 3992:Plato. 3971:2379966 3833:2379966 3728:9 March 3675:Sources 3663:Welfare 3561:History 3209:Tacuara 3159:Carlism 2913:Senante 2898:Sánchez 2888:Quiroga 2868:Nocedal 2858:Maurras 2848:Larraín 2793:Barroso 2788:Ahimeir 2783:Abascal 2750:Urquiza 2725:Salvany 2720:Salgado 2705:le Play 2695:Pius IX 2670:Maurras 2660:Madiran 2600:Ezcurra 2545:Aquinas 2527:Spanish 2018:, air, 1579:dignity 1227:Morocco 1217:Jamaica 1212:Ireland 1197:Bahamas 999:History 819:Taverne 794:Skinner 774:Ritchie 719:Madison 699:Lincoln 649:Jackson 639:Huppert 634:Hopkins 559:Fabiani 519:Chapman 504:Bolívar 494:Bennett 484:Bartley 474:Atatürk 386:Mazzini 381:Madison 311:Bentham 301:Baggini 268:Secular 248:Islamic 233:Federal 170:Federal 154:Schools 7224:(1992) 7214:(1971) 7204:(1951) 7194:(1945) 7184:(1944) 7174:(1929) 7164:(1859) 7154:(1848) 7134:(1820) 7124:(1791) 7114:(1790) 7104:(1762) 7094:(1748) 7084:(1689) 7074:(1651) 7064:(1532) 7054:(1313) 6984:Walzer 6974:Taylor 6929:Sartre 6894:Popper 6889:Pareto 6884:Ortega 6869:Nozick 6859:Mouffe 6809:Laclau 6769:Guénon 6754:Gandhi 6694:Berlin 6684:Bauman 6679:Badiou 6669:Arendt 6636:Tucker 6526:Le Bon 6487:Herder 6477:Haller 6472:Godwin 6457:Fichte 6452:Engels 6447:Cortés 6417:Bonald 6374:Suárez 6349:Milton 6339:Luther 6312:Hobbes 6297:Filmer 6287:Calvin 6272:Boétie 6265:period 6244:Ockham 6111:Cicero 5912:Nazism 5700:Utopia 5675:Rights 5665:Regime 5635:People 5620:Nation 5447: 5099: 5091: 5031: 5004: 4768: 4703: 4676: 4052: 4044: 3977: 3969: 3951:Ethics 3839: 3831: 3813:Ethics 3793: 3751:(18). 2878:du Pin 2863:Moreno 2833:Josias 2818:García 2740:Solana 2710:Raposo 2700:Pius X 2680:Ousset 2665:Maeztu 2650:Groulx 2585:Cuesta 2565:Billot 2555:Balmes 2512:French 2321:Fueros 1908:Qur'an 1695:Reason 1649:French 1434:(also 1430:, the 1426:, and 1252:Sweden 1242:Norway 1207:Canada 987:(1963) 967:(1794) 957:(1791) 937:(1762) 927:(1755) 917:(1748) 907:(1698) 897:(1656) 887:(1649) 877:(1531) 829:Wilson 799:Slater 789:Skates 744:Mannin 734:Mullin 709:Mackay 674:Juárez 629:Hébert 624:Hatton 619:Harvie 509:Burgon 426:Sidney 421:Sandel 406:Pettit 331:Cicero 296:Arendt 278:Soviet 273:Sister 165:Modern 7373:Index 7002:Works 6989:Weber 6954:Spann 6949:Sorel 6914:Röpke 6909:Rawls 6864:Negri 6854:Mosca 6849:Mises 6814:Lenin 6784:Hoppe 6779:Hayek 6744:Fromm 6734:Evola 6724:Dugin 6621:Taine 6601:Smith 6581:Renan 6576:Paine 6497:Iqbal 6482:Hegel 6432:Comte 6422:Burke 6334:Locke 6324:James 6277:Bodin 6209:Dante 6204:Bruni 6158:Shang 6141:Plato 5695:State 5645:Power 5630:Peace 5565:Elite 5543:Terms 5441:(PDF) 5097:S2CID 5089:JSTOR 5002:JSTOR 4050:S2CID 3975:S2CID 3967:JSTOR 3837:S2CID 3829:JSTOR 3791:S2CID 3466:. In 2930:Works 2828:Gómez 2823:Gomar 2715:Reale 2685:Pemán 2640:Gómez 2635:Genta 2625:Gaume 2605:Feser 2570:Blanc 2133:. In 1754:) or 1717:Greek 1677:Plato 1673:polis 1647:, in 1623:Latin 1606:Greek 1604:, in 1464:Plato 1442:, or 1267:Wales 1247:Spain 1222:Japan 809:Smith 784:Sayed 764:Pound 759:Nehru 754:Nandy 724:Magid 704:Lucas 694:Lewis 604:Grévy 599:Greer 499:Black 479:Azaña 401:Paine 371:Locke 341:Crick 316:Bodin 306:Bello 207:Types 6904:Rand 6899:Qutb 6799:Kirk 6674:Aron 6591:Sade 6571:Owen 6556:Mill 6546:Marx 6514:Kant 6492:Hume 6354:More 6254:Wang 6136:Mozi 5560:Duty 5445:ISBN 4792:help 4766:ISBN 4701:ISBN 4674:ISBN 4585:2022 4560:2022 4535:2022 4497:2022 4472:2022 4447:2022 4422:2022 4378:2022 4353:2022 4328:2022 4303:2022 4278:2022 4250:2022 4225:2022 4200:2022 4175:2022 4147:2022 4104:2022 4079:2022 4042:PMID 4004:2022 3730:2016 3598:Hero 3482:and 3421:goal 3410:The 3366:and 3354:, a 2883:Pujo 2655:Hahn 2620:Gago 2610:Fita 2500:Neo- 2014:eg. 1940:and 1930:and 1913:naṣṣ 1521:yet 1462:and 834:Wood 679:Kane 391:Mill 366:Kant 6969:Sun 6829:Mao 5705:War 5600:Law 5081:doi 5039:doi 4994:doi 4952:doi 4908:doi 4758:doi 4034:doi 3959:doi 3821:doi 3783:doi 3753:doi 3516:in 3418:end 3358:by 3321:'s 2690:Pie 2208:In 2158:". 1868:". 1808:In 1715:in 1621:in 1541:). 1527:the 1418:In 654:Jay 7404:: 5467:. 5381:. 5320:. 5262:. 5234:. 5095:. 5087:. 5077:34 5075:. 5037:. 5025:10 5023:. 5000:. 4990:41 4988:. 4948:90 4946:. 4904:87 4902:. 4813:^ 4784:: 4782:}} 4778:{{ 4764:. 4625:31 4623:. 4603:^ 4395:. 4258:^ 4155:^ 4127:^ 4048:. 4040:. 4030:20 4028:. 4024:. 4012:^ 3973:. 3965:. 3955:83 3953:. 3939:^ 3835:. 3827:. 3817:83 3815:. 3803:^ 3789:. 3779:55 3777:. 3765:^ 3747:. 3721:. 3709:^ 3378:. 2235:on 2184:. 2176:, 2169:. 2145:. 2137:, 2107:. 1549:. 1509:, 1505:, 1501:, 1497:, 1493:, 1489:, 1485:, 1481:, 1477:, 1438:, 1422:, 5528:e 5521:t 5514:v 5486:. 5471:. 5453:. 5423:. 5389:. 5369:. 5348:. 5328:. 5308:. 5103:. 5083:: 5045:. 5041:: 5008:. 4996:: 4958:. 4954:: 4914:. 4910:: 4870:. 4794:) 4774:. 4760:: 4709:. 4682:. 4587:. 4562:. 4537:. 4499:. 4474:. 4449:. 4424:. 4399:. 4380:. 4355:. 4330:. 4305:. 4280:. 4252:. 4227:. 4202:. 4177:. 4149:. 4106:. 4081:. 4056:. 4036:: 4006:. 3981:. 3961:: 3903:. 3843:. 3823:: 3797:. 3785:: 3759:. 3755:: 3732:. 3401:' 3291:e 3284:t 3277:v 3211:) 3190:( 3012:) 2971:( 2411:) 2407:( 2376:" 2372:" 2364:) 2360:( 2354:) 2345:( 2334:) 2318:( 2154:" 1866:' 1857:( 1768:' 1762:' 1760:( 1752:' 1746:' 1744:( 1619:, 1515:a 1407:e 1400:t 1393:v 23:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.