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112:. Over a period of perhaps 10 to 15 million years, lava flow after lava flow poured out, ultimately accumulating to a thickness of more than 6,000 feet (1.8 km). As the molten rock came to the surface, the Earth's crust gradually sank into the space left by the rising lava. The Columbia River Basalt Group consists of seven formations: The Steens Basalt,
139:
that forms Earth's moving tectonic plates). In an effort to figure out why this area, far from a plate boundary, had such an enormous outpouring of lava, scientists established hardening dates for many of the individual lava flows. They found that the youngest volcanic rocks were clustered near the
123:
was forced into its present course by the northwesterly advancing lava. The lava, as it flowed over the area, first filled the stream valleys, forming dams that in turn caused impoundments or lakes. Entities found in these lake beds include
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174:
are ample evidence of a concentration of heat beneath the surface. The hotspot is stationary, but the North
American plate is moving over it, creating a superb record of the rate and direction of plate motion.
2490:
116:, Grande Ronde Basalt, Picture Gorge Basalt, Prineville Basalt, Wanapum Basalt, and Saddle Mountains Basalt. Many of these formations are subdivided into formal and informal members and flows.
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Evidence suggests that some concentrated heat source is melting rock beneath the
Columbia Plateau Province at the base of the lithosphere (the layer of crust and
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34:, shown in green on this map. The Washington cities of Spokane, Yakima and Pasco, and the Oregon city of Pendleton, lie on the Columbia Plateau.
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163:. The concentrated heat triggers a plume hundreds of kilometers in diameter that ascends directly through to the surface of the Earth.
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The subsidence of the crust produced a large, slightly depressed lava plateau. The ancient
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engulfed about 63,000 square miles (160,000 km) of the
Pacific Northwest, forming a
187:, part of the "Nearctic temperate and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands"
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143:
Although scientists are still gathering evidence, a probable explanation is that a
159:, a temperature instability develops (for reasons not yet well understood) at the
151:
material, is rising to the surface beneath the
Columbia Plateau Province. Beneath
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Geology of Lake
Roosevelt National Recreation Area (source of much of this page)
19:
This article is about the geographic feature. For the associated ecoregion, see
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1736:
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880:
785:
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Yellowstone
Plateau and that the farther west they went, the older the lavas.
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U.S. Geological Survey
Geographic Names Information System: Columbia Plateau
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Guide to digital documents and photographs about the
Columbia River area.
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The track of this hot spot starts in the west and sweeps up to
152:
125:
59:
566:
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63:
16:
Plateau in
Washington, Oregon, and Idaho in the United States
456:"Columbia River Basalt Group Stretches from Oregon to Idaho"
431:"Description: Columbia Plateau Columbia River Basalt"
183:
Part of the
Columbia Plateau is associated with the
206:Washington cities in the Columbia Plateau include:
132:, fossil insects, and bones of vertebrate animals.
433:. United States Geological Survey. Archived from
3128:
298:Oregon cities in the Columbia Plateau include:
335:Idaho cities in the Columbia Plateau include:
193:temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
2102:
1228:
550:
530:Columbia River Basin Ethnic History Archive
476:
474:
472:
2109:
2095:
1235:
1221:
557:
543:
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30:The Columbia Plateau covers much of the
25:
2116:
170:. The steaming fumaroles and explosive
3192:Landforms of Hood River County, Oregon
3129:
2386:Archaeology and Historic Preservation
2090:
1216:
538:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
415:
50:region that lies across parts of the
3187:Landforms of Umatilla County, Oregon
161:boundary between the core and mantle
1242:
13:
564:
412:
14:
3208:
3197:Landforms of Wasco County, Oregon
508:
458:. United States Geological Survey
147:, an extremely hot plume of deep
3076:
3062:
2068:
2054:
1196:
485: This article incorporates
480:
3152:Volcanism of Washington (state)
498:United States Geological Survey
374:Columbia Plateau Aquifer System
2836:Greater Portland and Vancouver
448:
401:
1:
3182:Regions of Washington (state)
3167:Plateaus of the United States
3069:Washington (state) portal
515:USGS Page on Columbia Plateau
394:
3083:Pacific Northwest portal
2826:Tri-Cities metropolitan area
2521:Utilities and Transportation
2476:Public Disclosure Commission
2075:Pacific Northwest portal
201:
21:Columbia Plateau (ecoregion)
7:
2831:Wenatchee metropolitan area
2511:Student Achievement Council
2471:Institute for Public Policy
357:
92:Columbia River Basalt Group
32:Columbia River Basalt Group
10:
3213:
2501:Social and Health Services
185:Columbia Plateau ecoregion
89:
85:
18:
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2451:Liquor and Cannabis Board
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2353:Congressional delegations
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493:Columbia Plateau Province
168:Yellowstone National Park
2481:Public Stadium Authority
2165:Census-designated places
178:
3147:Large igneous provinces
3142:Physiographic provinces
2358:Congressional districts
731:Boise metropolitan area
364:Cascade-Sierra province
3113:45.99944°N 119.00139°W
2496:Services for the Blind
2421:Financial Institutions
746:Columbia River Plateau
487:public domain material
110:large igneous province
35:
2333:Legislative districts
1609:Trout Creek Mountains
78:, cut through by the
29:
3118:45.99944; -119.00139
2557:Long Beach Peninsula
2441:Labor and Industries
2436:Information Services
389:High Desert (Oregon)
70:plateau between the
3109: /
2416:Enterprise Services
2411:Employment Security
2222:Tourist attractions
2175:Indian reservations
1604:Mount Hood Corridor
771:North Central Idaho
647:Tourist attractions
369:Channeled scablands
3172:Landforms of Idaho
3162:Pliocene volcanism
2599:Central Washington
2486:Retirement Systems
791:Southwestern Idaho
128:leaf impressions,
36:
3177:Regions of Oregon
3157:Miocene volcanism
3092:
3091:
2844:
2843:
2658:
2657:
2562:Olympic Peninsula
2529:
2528:
2461:Natural Resources
2426:Fish and Wildlife
2084:
2083:
2061:Oregon portal
1617:
1616:
1507:Willamette Valley
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1209:
806:Wood River Valley
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2614:Okanogan Country
2604:Columbia Plateau
2572:San Juan Islands
2552:Kitsap Peninsula
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2363:City governments
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1631:Albany–Corvallis
1594:Columbia Plateau
1487:Northwest Oregon
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1203:Idaho portal
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384:Interior Plateau
329:Milton-Freewater
40:Columbia Plateau
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2821:Greater Spokane
2816:Greater Seattle
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2348:Ballot measures
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1636:Bend–Prineville
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1540:Treasure Valley
1511:
1502:Tualatin Valley
1464:
1403:
1333:ballot measures
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1241:
1211:
1206:
1197:
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1188:
955:
902:
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796:Treasure Valley
776:Idaho Panhandle
717:
651:
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76:Rocky Mountains
66:. It is a wide
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5:
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3137:Columbia River
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2650:Columbia River
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2645:Columbia Gorge
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2401:Early Learning
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2373:State agencies
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2160:Municipalities
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2155:Climate change
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1674:Largest cities
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1589:Columbia River
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1584:Columbia Gorge
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1545:Central Oregon
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1497:Portland Metro
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801:Wasatch Range
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72:Cascade Range
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2983:Pend Oreille
2923:Grays Harbor
2807:Metropolitan
2603:
2506:State Patrol
2318:Constitution
2278:Homelessness
2258:Demographics
2130:
2066:
2052:
1827:Happy Valley
1787:Forest Grove
1664:Salem–Keizer
1593:
1579:The Cascades
1563:Rogue Valley
1525:Harney Basin
1492:Oregon Coast
1430:Demographics
1367:Oregon Trail
1362:bibliography
1323:constitution
1256:
1194:
766:Magic Valley
745:
736:Cache Valley
683:Demographics
625:Bibliography
575:
492:
460:. Retrieved
450:
439:. Retrieved
435:the original
403:
379:Grand Coulee
334:
297:
205:
182:
165:
142:
137:upper mantle
134:
118:
106:flood basalt
96:During late
95:
68:flood basalt
39:
37:
3116: /
3104:119°00′05″W
3033:Walla Walla
2723:Federal Way
2567:Puget Sound
2396:Corrections
2381:Agriculture
2328:Legislature
2283:LGBT rights
2187:Earthquakes
1797:Wilsonville
1762:McMinnville
1757:Oregon City
1752:Grants Pass
1742:Lake Oswego
1722:Springfield
1645:Springfield
1623:Metro areas
1599:Great Basin
1530:High Desert
1450:LGBT rights
1328:delegations
941:Garden City
846:Idaho Falls
811:Yellowstone
756:Great Basin
708:LGBT rights
610:Delegations
262:Walla Walla
52:U.S. states
3131:Categories
3101:45°59′58″N
2763:Marysville
2738:Bellingham
2305:Government
2122:Washington
2030:Washington
1930:Hood River
1394:State Fair
1318:Government
1184:Washington
1174:Twin Falls
1054:Clearwater
1014:Bonneville
876:Post Falls
866:Twin Falls
605:Government
462:2017-12-28
441:2007-10-09
395:References
324:The Dalles
314:Hood River
272:Goldendale
237:Moses Lake
222:Ellensburg
100:and early
56:Washington
48:geographic
3028:Wahkiakum
3008:Snohomish
2953:Klickitat
2933:Jefferson
2783:Shoreline
2768:Sammamish
2748:Kennewick
2693:Vancouver
2446:Licensing
2323:Governors
2268:Education
2182:Geography
2135:(capital)
2005:Tillamook
1990:Multnomah
1945:Josephine
1940:Jefferson
1905:Deschutes
1875:Clackamas
1847:Pendleton
1842:Hermiston
1817:Milwaukie
1777:West Linn
1727:Corvallis
1707:Beaverton
1702:Hillsboro
1440:Education
1338:elections
1291:Geography
1261:(capital)
1139:Nez Perce
1094:Jefferson
984:Bear Lake
936:Blackfoot
851:Pocatello
698:Elections
693:Education
615:Governors
600:Geography
580:(capital)
565:State of
319:Pendleton
309:Hermiston
277:Deer Park
232:Kennewick
217:Davenport
202:Geography
189:ecoregion
104:times, a
3023:Thurston
3003:Skamania
2993:San Juan
2973:Okanogan
2948:Kittitas
2913:Garfield
2908:Franklin
2888:Columbia
2850:Counties
2778:Richland
2773:Lakewood
2733:Kirkland
2698:Bellevue
2456:Military
2391:Commerce
2297:Politics
2288:Politics
2273:Gun laws
2243:Cannabis
2238:Abortion
2197:Highways
2010:Umatilla
1885:Columbia
1857:Counties
1822:Sherwood
1802:Roseburg
1782:Woodburn
1772:Tualatin
1682:Portland
1659:Portland
1555:Southern
1460:Politics
1455:Gambling
1445:Gun laws
1415:Abortion
1389:Pioneers
1372:timeline
1345:Governor
1164:Shoshone
1134:Minidoka
1104:Kootenai
1069:Franklin
1019:Boundary
961:Counties
921:Chubbuck
871:Lewiston
856:Caldwell
841:Meridian
713:Politics
703:Gun laws
663:Abortion
358:See also
346:Lewiston
252:Richland
145:hot spot
102:Pliocene
74:and the
44:geologic
3043:Whitman
3038:Whatcom
3018:Stevens
3013:Spokane
2978:Pacific
2963:Lincoln
2898:Douglas
2893:Cowlitz
2878:Clallam
2788:Olympia
2758:Redmond
2708:Everett
2683:Spokane
2678:Seattle
2664:Largest
2619:Palouse
2587:Eastern
2544:Western
2535:Regions
2491:Revenue
2406:Ecology
2263:Economy
2253:Culture
2231:Society
2217:Symbols
2192:History
2150:Outline
2132:Olympia
2040:Yamhill
2035:Wheeler
2020:Wallowa
2000:Sherman
1975:Malheur
1965:Lincoln
1950:Klamath
1935:Jackson
1915:Gilliam
1910:Douglas
1880:Clatsop
1812:Ashland
1792:Newberg
1767:Redmond
1717:Medford
1697:Gresham
1654:Ashland
1650:Medford
1535:Palouse
1517:Eastern
1479:Western
1470:Regions
1435:Economy
1420:Culture
1408:Society
1399:Symbols
1357:History
1301:beaches
1286:Climate
1281:Outline
1154:Payette
1129:Madison
1124:Lincoln
1084:Gooding
1074:Fremont
1039:Caribou
994:Bingham
989:Benewah
979:Bannock
901:Smaller
881:Rexburg
781:Palouse
723:Regions
688:Economy
678:Culture
656:Society
642:Symbols
620:History
282:Othello
257:Spokane
247:Pullman
227:Reardan
191:of the
172:geysers
157:Iceland
98:Miocene
86:Geology
3048:Yakima
2998:Skagit
2988:Pierce
2943:Kitsap
2928:Island
2873:Chelan
2868:Benton
2863:Asotin
2798:Burien
2743:Auburn
2728:Yakima
2713:Renton
2688:Tacoma
2666:cities
2633:Shared
2591:Inland
2431:Health
2343:Senate
2212:People
2142:Topics
1985:Morrow
1980:Marion
1925:Harney
1870:Benton
1747:Keizer
1737:Tigard
1732:Albany
1692:Eugene
1641:Eugene
1572:Shared
1384:People
1311:rivers
1268:Topics
1248:Oregon
1179:Valley
1149:Owyhee
1144:Oneida
1099:Jerome
1064:Elmore
1059:Custer
1044:Cassia
1034:Canyon
1009:Bonner
999:Blaine
951:Burley
946:Jerome
931:Hayden
903:cities
886:Moscow
823:cities
821:Larger
637:People
632:Images
587:Topics
351:Moscow
304:Athena
287:Warden
267:Yakima
212:Colfax
153:Hawaii
149:mantle
126:fossil
62:, and
60:Oregon
2968:Mason
2958:Lewis
2918:Grant
2903:Ferry
2883:Clark
2858:Adams
2809:areas
2793:Lacey
2753:Pasco
2466:Parks
2338:House
2248:Crime
2207:Parks
2202:Music
2118:State
2025:Wasco
2015:Union
1920:Grant
1900:Curry
1895:Crook
1865:Baker
1837:Canby
1687:Salem
1425:Crime
1379:Parks
1306:lakes
1296:fauna
1276:Index
1258:Salem
1244:State
1169:Teton
1159:Power
1119:Lewis
1114:Lemhi
1109:Latah
1089:Idaho
1049:Clark
1029:Camas
1024:Butte
1004:Boise
974:Adams
916:Ammon
891:Eagle
836:Nampa
831:Boise
673:Crime
595:Index
577:Boise
567:Idaho
489:from
242:Pasco
196:biome
179:Flora
64:Idaho
42:is a
2938:King
2703:Kent
1995:Polk
1970:Linn
1960:Lane
1955:Lake
1890:Coos
1712:Bend
1350:list
911:Kuna
292:Lind
155:and
46:and
38:The
2313:Law
2120:of
1246:of
1079:Gem
969:Ada
54:of
3133::
496:.
471:^
414:^
198:.
82:.
58:,
2589:/
2110:e
2103:t
2096:v
1652:–
1643:–
1236:e
1229:t
1222:v
558:e
551:t
544:v
500:.
465:.
444:.
23:.
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