5451:. The trilogues are equally tripartite meetings, although the EC operates as a mediator between the EP and the Council. The trilogue negotiations aim at bringing the three institutions to an agreement, to fast-track the ordinary legislative procedure. The expression "formal trilogue" is sometimes used to describe meetings of the Conciliation Committee, which take place between the second and the third reading of a legislative proposal. However, the term trilogue is mostly referred to interinstitutional informal negotiations that can take place in any stage of the ordinary legislative procedure, from the first stage to the stage of the formal conciliation procedure. The agreements reached in trilogues still need to be approved through the formal procedures of each of the three institutions. Trilogues have been "formalised" in 2007 in a joint declaration of the EP, the Council and the EC but they are not regulated by primary legislation.
182:
515:
163:
5228:
5351:
956:
3334:
2446:
495:
5386:
own position and pass it back to
Parliament with explanations. The Commission also informs Parliament of its position on the matter. At the second reading, the act is adopted if Parliament approves the Council's text or fails to take a decision. The Parliament may reject the Council's text, leading to a failure of the law, or modify it and pass it back to the Council. The Commission gives its opinion once more. Where the Commission has rejected amendments in its opinion, the Council must act unanimously rather than by majority.
3404:
4612:
4021:
3494:
2807:
4564:
3973:
3445:
2522:
2975:
2099:
595:
3014:
2151:
647:
1004:
4780:
4189:
3662:
2690:
2459:
3183:
2333:
829:
3779:
3308:
992:
4756:
4165:
3638:
2666:
4744:
4153:
3626:
2654:
4708:
4117:
3590:
2768:
2618:
3157:
2307:
803:
968:
4840:
4576:
4249:
3985:
3722:
3457:
2795:
2726:
4828:
4804:
4237:
4213:
3710:
3686:
2714:
2702:
3144:
2294:
790:
4648:
4057:
3530:
2570:
8458:
4696:
4588:
4105:
3997:
3578:
3469:
2831:
2534:
1452:
1028:
980:
4816:
4636:
4624:
4552:
4225:
4045:
4033:
3961:
3698:
3518:
3506:
3433:
3248:
2988:
2855:
2819:
2558:
2510:
2398:
2112:
944:
894:
608:
3235:
3209:
2385:
2359:
881:
855:
3053:
2190:
686:
4732:
4600:
4141:
4009:
3766:
3614:
3482:
3391:
3295:
3105:
3001:
2642:
2546:
2255:
2242:
2125:
1050:
1016:
751:
738:
621:
121:
4684:
4093:
3566:
3222:
3040:
3027:
2962:
2606:
2372:
2177:
2164:
2086:
1072:
868:
673:
660:
582:
5683:
5592:
5089:
3378:
3131:
2281:
2138:
777:
634:
3792:
3321:
3092:
2229:
725:
4768:
4672:
4177:
4081:
3650:
3554:
2678:
2594:
44:
557:
3170:
2320:
816:
4864:
4273:
3746:
2867:
2479:
4792:
4201:
3674:
3079:
2843:
2216:
712:
4660:
4069:
3542:
2582:
2938:
3274:
2424:
920:
4720:
4129:
3602:
3196:
2630:
2346:
842:
3066:
2203:
699:
4852:
4261:
3734:
2738:
3118:
2268:
764:
3261:
2411:
907:
3827:
5464:
position of the
Council. The fourth and final column is left to the compromised text that is meant to emerge. However, although the first two positions are public, the other two have often textual elements that have not been adopted and the content of the fourth column remains inaccessible to public. Trilogues have been criticised for a lack of transparency and democratic legitimacy. The
5390:
as moderator of the
Commission). The committee draws up a joint text on the basis of the two positions. If within six weeks it fails to agree on a common text, then the act has failed. If it succeeds and the committee approves the text, then the Council and Parliament (acting by majority) must then approve said text (third reading). If either fails to do so, the act is not adopted.
5669:
concerning the right of workers to remain in a Member State after having been employed there (Article 45(3)(d) TFEU). Two directives have been adopted using this procedure: one on transparency between member states and companies and another on competition in the telecommunications sector. Formally speaking, these acts are not legislative acts.
5294:
the choice of candidates remains the jurisdiction of the
Council of the European Union, and the European Commission retains the sole power of legislative initiative. Taken into account that the Commission (and also the Council) are the antagonists of the parliament in the system of separation of powers this is considered a democratic deficit.
5747:
created two different ways for further amendments of the
European Union treaties: an ordinary revision procedure which is broadly similar to the past revision process in that it involves convening an intergovernmental conference, and a simplified revision procedure whereby Part three of the Treaty on
5308:
The
Council of the EU (also known as "the council of ministers" and simply "the council") represents the national governments of member states, and hence its composition is essentially the number of member states (27) though votes are weighted according to the population of each state (see procedures
5668:
In a few limited areas, the
Commission has the authority to adopt regulatory or technical legislation without consulting or obtaining the consent of other bodies. The Commission can adopt legal acts on its own initiative concerning monopolies and concessions granted to companies by Member States and
5389:
If, within three months of receiving
Parliament's new text, the Council approves it, then it is adopted. If it does not, the Council President, with the agreement of the Parliament President, convenes the Conciliation Committee composed of the Council and an equal number of MEPs (with the attendance
5293:
The
Parliament's powers have grown considerably since the 1950s as new legislative procedures granted more equality between Parliament and Council. It has also become a requirement that the composition of the European Commission be subject to a vote of approval as a whole by the Parliament. However,
5809:
Proposals to amend Part three of the Treaty on the
Functioning of the European Union are submitted by a Member State, the European Parliament or the European Commission to the Council of Ministers who, in turn, submit them to the European Council and notify member states. Proposed amendments cannot
5385:
outlines the ordinary legislative procedure in the following manner. The Commission submits a legislative proposal to the Parliament and Council. At the first reading Parliament adopts its position. If the Council approves the Parliament's wording then the act is adopted. If not, it shall adopt its
5341:
has been violated, then the proposal must be reviewed. If a majority do so – an "orange card" – then the Council or Parliament can vote it down immediately. If the logistical problems of putting this into practice are overcome, then the power of the national parliaments could be decried as an extra
5248:
The Commission has a virtual monopoly on the introduction of legislation into the legislative process, a power which gives the Commission considerable influence as an agenda setter for the EU as a whole. And while the Commission frequently introduces legislation at the behest of the Council or upon
5485:
Under this procedure the Council, acting either unanimously or by a qualified majority depending on the policy area concerned, can adopt legislation based on a proposal by the European Commission after consulting the European Parliament. While being required to consult Parliament on legislative
5463:
The principal tool used in trilogues is the four column document, a working sheet divided in four sections, each of them comprising the positions of the three EU institutions. The first column is dedicated to the position of the EC, the second one to the position of the EP, the third one to the
5198:
have been the main participants in the legislative process: the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the European Commission, with the national parliaments of the EU playing a further role. The legislative and budgetary functions of the union are jointly exercised by the
5783:
The President of the European Council convenes a convention containing representatives of national parliaments, governments, the European Parliament and the European Commission, to further consider the proposals. In due course, the convention submits its final recommendation to the European
5520:
In the consent procedure (formerly assent procedure), the Council can adopt legislation based on a proposal by the European Commission after obtaining the consent of Parliament. Thus Parliament has the legal power to accept or reject any proposal but no legal mechanism exists for proposing
5459:
came into force and the co-decision procedure became ordinary legislative procedure – establishing the role of the EP and the Council of the EU as co-legislators – 85% of legislative acts were approved in first reading, 13% were approved in second reading while only 2% were included in the
5476:
The treaties have provision for special legislative procedures to be used in sensitive areas. These see the Council adopt alone with just the involvement of the other. Notable procedures are the consultation and consent procedures, though various others are used for specific cases.
5776:
Proposals to amend the treaties are submitted by a Member State, the European Parliament or the European Commission to the Council of Ministers who, in turn, submit them to the European Council and notify member states. There are no limits on what kind of amendments can be
5792:
The President of the European Council convenes an inter-governmental conference consisting of representatives of each member-state's government. The conference drafts and finalises a treaty based on the convention's recommendation or on the European Council's terms of
1899:
5468:, the EU body responsible of investigating complaints about poor administration by EU institutions and other bodies, in 2015 has launched a strategic inquiry to establish the need for a reform of the trilogue, setting out proposals for more transparency.
5505:
that are required to be consulted under a range of areas under the treaties affecting their area of expertise. Such a procedure takes place in addition to consultation with the European Parliament or the other legislative procedures.
5486:
proposals, the Council is not bound by Parliament's position. In practice the Council would frequently ignore whatever Parliament might suggest and even sometimes reach an agreement before receiving Parliament's opinion. However, the
5166:
within the legislative process has been greatly increased from being limited to giving its non-binding opinion or excluded from the legislative process altogether, to participating equally with the Council in the legislative process.
7919:
9040:
5460:
conciliation procedure. This trend corresponds to an increase in the number of trilogues (over 1500 in the same period) and it is seen as a proof of the effectiveness of the trilogues in fast tracking the legislative procedure.
5454:
The evolution of the European integration process, together with the evolution of EP's role as co-legislator have produced an increase in the number of the trilogue meetings. During 2009–2014 legislative term, when the
9050:
377:
6527:
5829:
allows for the changing of voting procedures without amending the EU treaties. Under this clause the European Council can, after receiving the consent of the European Parliament, vote unanimously to:
5833:
allow the Council of Ministers to act on the basis of qualified majority in areas where they used to have to act on the basis of unanimity, except for decisions with defence or military implications.
5309:
below for clarification). As such, it does not sit according to political groups and rather than conducting most of its work in committees, much of its work is done by its preparatory bodies (the
4511:
5840:
A decision of the European Council to use either of these provisions can come into effect only if, six months after all national parliaments had been given notice of the decision, none objects.
1316:
1084:
8363:
8896:
5561:
in a way that is reasonably consistent and comprehensible to individuals and businesses in order to enforce EU legislation and directives consistently and reliably across all the various
5497:. Consultation is still used for legislation concerning internal market exemptions and competition law. The procedure is also used in relation to the Union's advisory bodies such as the
8368:
5787:
Or the European Council decides, with the agreement of the European Parliament, not to convene a convention and sets the terms of reference for the inter-governmental conference itself.
5525:
committee and a procedure for giving interim reports where it can address its concerns to the Council and threaten to withhold its consent unless its concerns are met. This applies to
9304:
8078:
7783:
1561:
9115:
5949:
Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union - PROTOCOLS - Protocol (No 2) on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality
287:
5178:
constitution, is reserved to the member states and must be ratified by them in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements. An exception to this are so-called
5252:
Under the ordinary legislative procedure (see below), the negative opinion from the Commission also forces the Council to vote by unanimity rather than majority except when a
1507:
1464:
1456:
9319:
5836:
allow for legislation to be adopted on the basis of the ordinary legislative procedure where it previously was to be adopted on the basis of a special legislative procedure.
8423:
5813:
The European Council, after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, votes to adopt a decision amending Part three on the basis of the proposals by unanimity.
9364:
8373:
7182:
4976:
9185:
8445:
9264:
8514:
8051:
5780:
The European Council, after consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, votes to consider the proposals on the basis of a simple majority, and then either:
7778:
5652:
Under this procedure the Council can adopt legal acts proposed by the Commission without requiring the opinion of Parliament. The procedure is used when setting the
5490:
has ruled that the Council must wait for Parliament's opinion and the Court has struck down legislation that the Council adopted before Parliament gave its opinion.
1592:
960:
6461:
8256:
7291:
5126:
1547:
6534:
9324:
8886:
1552:
422:
5767:
in specified areas with the previous consent of the European Parliament, and move from a special legislative procedure to the ordinary legislative procedure.
9294:
8090:
7938:
7088:
6477:
Ulrich Karpen, Helen Xanthaki (ed.) Legislation in Europe. A Comprehensive Guide For Scholars and Practitioners, Bloomsbury, Oxford and Portland, Oregon 2017
5704:
5613:
3815:
1274:
6097:
5290:
rather than national delegations. However, its political groups are very weak due to their status as broad ideological groups of existing national parties.
9045:
9035:
7768:
5418:
387:
9344:
9205:
8577:
7619:
7443:
7154:
6847:
6842:
6837:
4339:
1663:
9339:
6710:
1761:
1008:
432:
8891:
7990:
7949:
7903:
5397:
as the codecision procedure and was initially intended to replace the Cooperation procedure (see below). The codecision procedure was amended by the
2493:
1809:
259:
9065:
8487:
5358:
The ordinary legislative procedure is the main legislative procedure by which directives and regulations are adopted. It was formerly known as the
1701:
1623:
1517:
214:
9349:
8438:
7286:
6792:
5748:
the Functioning of the European Union, which deals with internal policy and action of the Union, could be amended by a unanimous decision of the
5382:
4970:
1938:
1443:
111:
9170:
6333:
6053:
Sprungk, Carina (1 July 2013). "A New Type of Representative Democracy? Reconsidering the Role of National Parliaments in the European Union".
402:
9435:
9334:
9160:
8453:
7348:
6852:
6198:
Schmidt, Susanne K, "Only an Agenda Setter?: The European Commission's Power over the Council of Ministers European Union Politics" (2000) 1
5799:
All member states must then ratify the treaty "in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements", if it is to come into force.
1310:
996:
522:
5210:
The precise nature of this organisation has been discussed extensively in academic literature, with some categorising the European Union as
9120:
7732:
7201:
7040:
7035:
7030:
5816:
All member states must approve the decision "in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements", if it is to come into force.
5147:. The procedure used for a given legislative proposal depends on the policy area in question. Most legislation needs to be proposed by the
5119:
1756:
1404:
6288:
5752:, provided there is no change to the field of competence of the EU, and subject to ratification by all member states in the usual manner.
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6559:
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6004:
5326:
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has been set up. There are also limited instances where the Commission can adopt legislation without the approval of other bodies (see
4988:
1671:
1032:
984:
948:
382:
372:
367:
75:
9269:
9241:
8383:
7343:
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2037:
1711:
1651:
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1214:
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1054:
1020:
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8174:
2024:
9105:
9090:
8849:
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8100:
8022:
6857:
4951:
4460:
3878:
8272:
8127:
8041:
5112:
4921:
4616:
4504:
538:
5439:
The trilogue is an informal type of meeting used in the EU's ordinary legislative procedure. It involves representatives of the
9080:
8844:
8519:
8477:
7651:
7564:
7408:
7373:
7242:
7174:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
6999:
6832:
5960:
Cooper, Ian (1 July 2013). "Bicameral or Tricameral? National Parliaments and Representative Democracy in the European Union".
5882:
has direct effect, but only relating to a specific person or entity, and there are also various other non-binding instruments.
4886:
4876:
2007:
1943:
1796:
1776:
1766:
1689:
1571:
1490:
5099:
9200:
8906:
8504:
8345:
8316:
8201:
8095:
7898:
7247:
7169:
7139:
6990:
6732:
6706:
6430:
6263:
5916:
5283:
5011:
4404:
4379:
1995:
350:
250:
17:
9390:
9175:
8614:
8241:
8196:
8110:
7338:
7252:
7232:
7149:
6909:
5016:
4961:
4936:
4916:
4911:
4881:
4784:
4367:
4121:
3848:
3841:
1599:
1379:
1172:
972:
453:
137:
6374:
8706:
8353:
8311:
8056:
7756:
7629:
7525:
6827:
6785:
6752:
6454:
5182:
in which the legislative procedure used for a certain policy area can be changed without formally amending the treaties.
4956:
4946:
4941:
4931:
4896:
4891:
4394:
2472:
2047:
1982:
427:
8859:
8221:
7961:
7956:
7693:
7210:
7164:
7134:
7075:
6967:
6874:
6819:
5859:
5566:
5530:
5332:
5075:
5006:
4926:
4901:
4536:
4531:
3820:
1219:
1109:
570:
412:
392:
6502:
9145:
9085:
9024:
8916:
8721:
8492:
8358:
8246:
7973:
7924:
7673:
7587:
7559:
7321:
7017:
6914:
6668:
5730:
5639:
5558:
5526:
5493:
Before the Single European Act the Consultation procedure was the most widely used legislative procedure in the then
5053:
4906:
4411:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
2017:
2002:
1706:
1646:
1633:
1502:
1357:
1342:
1099:
442:
397:
268:
5712:
5621:
5335:
have an "early warning mechanism" whereby if one third raise an objection – a "yellow card" – on the basis that the
9195:
8999:
8924:
7966:
7722:
7663:
7582:
7469:
7413:
7257:
6945:
6614:
6582:
6334:"Text of the Draft Treaty amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community"
5849:
5657:
4526:
3873:
3403:
3362:
2879:
2785:
2070:
2042:
2012:
1919:
1804:
1613:
1527:
1512:
466:
205:
9279:
5401:
and the number of legal bases where the procedure applies was greatly increased by both the latter treaty and the
9130:
8959:
8874:
8626:
8592:
8306:
8211:
8191:
7929:
7129:
7117:
7025:
6694:
6181:
5275:
4760:
4416:
4334:
4025:
7093:
9075:
9055:
8834:
8582:
8534:
8499:
8321:
8236:
8169:
8115:
8105:
8083:
7983:
7797:
7688:
7683:
7624:
7541:
7383:
6778:
5708:
5617:
5231:
5224:
by observers, given the unique dynamics between the legislative bodies not found in traditional tricameralism.
5171:
4748:
2057:
1953:
1718:
1656:
1228:
1123:
547:
362:
9314:
9165:
9140:
9029:
8803:
8398:
8331:
8301:
8164:
8137:
7978:
7705:
7639:
7592:
7492:
7281:
7274:
6810:
5760:
5502:
5337:
5303:
5218:, though the European Union itself has not accepted such categorisation and it is generally considered to be
5152:
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4832:
4808:
4580:
4312:
4302:
3858:
1878:
1436:
1089:
65:
6757:
5342:
legislature, without a common debate or physical location: dubbed by EU Observer a "virtual third chamber".
9210:
9019:
8979:
8974:
8829:
8159:
8046:
8005:
7717:
7497:
6982:
6486:
6227:
6216:
5867:
5414:
5249:
the suggestion of Parliament, what form any legislative proposals introduced take is up to the Commission.
4820:
4712:
4700:
4676:
4652:
4640:
4628:
4592:
4568:
4556:
4443:
4362:
4357:
4193:
1865:
1094:
448:
7882:
6597:
6145:"Less than a State, More than an International Organization: The Sui Generis Nature of the European Union"
5948:
9225:
8969:
8949:
8604:
8326:
8231:
8010:
7668:
6972:
6927:
5855:
5375:
5058:
4868:
4796:
4736:
4688:
4664:
4604:
4448:
4319:
3352:
2904:
2884:
1278:
9385:
9380:
9014:
8854:
8716:
8609:
8036:
7872:
7634:
7438:
6487:
Joint declaration on practical arrangements for the codecision procedure (article 251 of the EC Treaty)
5863:
5406:
4856:
4772:
4724:
4389:
4324:
2052:
1771:
1743:
1736:
417:
148:
9220:
9215:
9135:
8964:
8944:
8929:
8621:
8482:
8291:
7913:
7727:
7430:
7378:
7187:
7098:
5879:
5764:
5487:
5434:
4329:
1696:
1640:
1352:
1202:
181:
6340:
514:
9004:
8984:
7944:
7482:
7477:
7269:
6882:
6098:"A 'Virtual Third Chamber' for the European Union? National Parliaments after the Treaty of Lisbon"
5937:
5693:
5602:
5498:
3853:
1849:
1844:
1374:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
461:
9155:
8761:
8407:
8186:
8073:
5697:
5606:
5410:
4399:
4169:
3357:
1485:
1480:
162:
5545:
each of which has to be adapted in order to play an essential role in ensuring the standards of
9359:
9284:
8776:
8726:
8652:
8296:
8142:
8031:
8000:
7934:
7877:
7308:
6887:
6144:
5653:
5070:
4438:
4374:
4157:
3418:
2478:
1399:
1296:
1136:
955:
437:
407:
9403:
9274:
9180:
9070:
8781:
8751:
8746:
8731:
8412:
8017:
7837:
7403:
6959:
5891:
5405:. It was renamed the ordinary legislative procedure and extended to nearly all areas such as
5310:
5093:
4455:
4421:
4253:
4241:
4217:
3989:
2899:
1789:
1576:
1556:
1394:
9125:
9025:
Directive establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation
8994:
8701:
8689:
8631:
8600:
8216:
7822:
7812:
7678:
7614:
7502:
7045:
6897:
6701:(4th ed.), Budapest: HVG-ORAC / E.M.Meijers Institute of Legal Studies, Leiden University.
5759:
which allows the European Council to unanimously decide to replace unanimous voting in the
5367:
5282:. It organises itself as a normal multi-party parliament in conducting most of its work in
5047:
4487:
4467:
4297:
4229:
4109:
4085:
4061:
4049:
4037:
4001:
3977:
3965:
2929:
2914:
2909:
1891:
1383:
357:
6431:
http://www.cep.eu/Studien/cepInput_Trilog/cepInput_Legislation_by_way_of_trialogue.pdf,p.5
8:
9254:
9041:
Directive on the Promotion of the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels for transport
8989:
8819:
8711:
8562:
8552:
8524:
8378:
8206:
8147:
8066:
7857:
7842:
7353:
7333:
7227:
5448:
5440:
5398:
5269:
5243:
5227:
5163:
5156:
5148:
5000:
4707:
4477:
4472:
4277:
4205:
4145:
4116:
4097:
4073:
4013:
3810:
3594:
3589:
3396:
2924:
2919:
2767:
2622:
2617:
2260:
1586:
1522:
1367:
1190:
1178:
1130:
756:
223:
70:
6639:
6572:
Robert SchĂĽtze, An Introduction to European Law, Cambridge University Press, 2015, p. 46
6444:
Robert SchĂĽtze, An Introduction to European Law, Cambridge University Press, 2015, p. 45
5541:
The domestic legal systems of Member States are mostly a legacy of different historical
9299:
9110:
9095:
9009:
8901:
8824:
8771:
8756:
8463:
8226:
7827:
7606:
7520:
6932:
6163:
6125:
6078:
6035:
5985:
5896:
5546:
5494:
5465:
5279:
5065:
4996:
4482:
4290:
4265:
4181:
4133:
2937:
1987:
1290:
1142:
526:
5350:
3347:
8939:
8880:
8839:
8741:
8657:
8557:
7159:
6728:
6702:
6679:
6664:
6553:
6167:
6129:
6117:
6082:
6070:
6039:
6027:
5989:
5977:
5862:
which immediately set price limits on mobile phone calls made in another EU state. A
5826:
5756:
5515:
5444:
5394:
5179:
3826:
1799:
1184:
967:
506:
6722:
9150:
8572:
8154:
7832:
7316:
6155:
6109:
6062:
6019:
5969:
5749:
5456:
5422:
5363:
5253:
2835:
1335:
1208:
481:
7083:
5866:
needs to be transposed, within certain limits, into national law; for example the
5660:(Article 207(3)). However, formally speaking these acts are not legislative acts.
1627:
8954:
8864:
8793:
8766:
8736:
8509:
7862:
6113:
6066:
6023:
5973:
5195:
4426:
3868:
2772:
1603:
1003:
502:
494:
144:
2847:
8934:
8869:
8787:
8567:
8542:
8457:
7847:
6801:
6378:
5402:
5140:
5024:
4611:
4431:
4020:
3498:
3493:
3019:
2806:
2464:
2156:
1814:
1408:
1346:
1196:
1160:
1154:
652:
9429:
9309:
9259:
9060:
8547:
7908:
6762:
6121:
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6031:
5981:
5744:
5562:
5191:
4518:
3784:
3313:
2952:
2871:
2799:
1617:
1166:
5854:
Legal acts resulting from these procedures can come in a number of forms. A
5656:(Article 31 (ex Article 26)) and for negotiating trade agreements under the
9329:
9289:
8798:
7395:
6217:
Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
5522:
4306:
2859:
2823:
2811:
1958:
Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations
1148:
277:
241:
6770:
6657:
9354:
7326:
7219:
6159:
5533:, subsidiary general legal basis provision and combating discrimination.
5220:
5204:
4779:
4188:
3666:
3661:
3339:
3188:
2694:
2689:
2451:
2338:
834:
5917:"The legisprudential role of national parliaments in the European Union"
5876:
European Communities (Term of protection of Copyright) Regulations, 1995
9408:
7817:
7418:
5550:
5215:
4755:
4164:
3642:
3637:
3162:
2670:
2665:
2312:
1819:
991:
808:
8285:
7365:
7296:
5211:
4743:
4152:
3630:
3625:
3149:
2753:
2658:
2653:
2299:
1495:
795:
5682:
5591:
7995:
7852:
7737:
5174:, sometimes referred to as the Union's primary law, or even as its
4839:
4827:
4803:
4575:
4248:
4236:
4212:
3984:
3726:
3721:
3714:
3709:
3690:
3685:
3461:
3456:
3253:
3240:
3214:
2993:
2794:
2730:
2725:
2718:
2713:
2706:
2701:
2500:
2403:
2390:
2364:
2117:
1104:
899:
886:
860:
613:
9305:
Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken voor Amsterdam v Inspire Art Ltd
6228:
Article 293 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
9245:
9051:
Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources
8694:
7761:
5314:
4815:
4695:
4671:
4647:
4635:
4623:
4587:
4563:
4551:
4224:
4104:
4080:
4056:
4044:
4032:
3996:
3972:
3960:
3771:
3702:
3697:
3582:
3577:
3558:
3553:
3534:
3529:
3522:
3517:
3510:
3505:
3473:
3468:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3432:
3300:
3227:
3110:
3084:
3058:
3045:
3032:
3006:
2980:
2967:
2854:
2830:
2818:
2598:
2593:
2574:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2521:
2514:
2509:
2377:
2247:
2221:
2195:
2182:
2169:
2130:
2104:
2091:
1900:
Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings
1451:
1027:
979:
943:
873:
743:
717:
691:
678:
665:
626:
600:
587:
556:
126:
43:
9116:
Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions
6317:
27:
Procedures for the adoption of legislation in the European Union
7103:
6721:
Corbett, Richard; Jacobs, Francis; Shackleton, Michael (2011),
5570:
5554:
4981:
4863:
4791:
4731:
4683:
4659:
4599:
4272:
4200:
4140:
4092:
4068:
4008:
3797:
3750:
3745:
3678:
3673:
3618:
3613:
3570:
3565:
3546:
3541:
3486:
3481:
3383:
3326:
3279:
3201:
3136:
3097:
3071:
2866:
2842:
2646:
2641:
2610:
2605:
2586:
2581:
2550:
2545:
2429:
2351:
2286:
2234:
2208:
2143:
1071:
1049:
1015:
925:
847:
782:
730:
704:
639:
6281:
9320:
Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentacion SA
6680:"Is the European Legislator after Lisbon a real Legislature?"
4851:
4767:
4719:
4260:
4176:
4128:
3738:
3733:
3654:
3649:
3606:
3601:
3266:
3175:
3123:
2742:
2737:
2682:
2677:
2634:
2629:
2416:
2325:
2273:
912:
821:
769:
9071:
Directive on the enforcement of intellectual property rights
4977:
Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union
9186:
European Directive on Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products
9076:
Directive 2004/38/EC on the right to move and reside freely
7742:
6714:
6663:(3rd ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
1767:
Economic and Financial Affairs configuration of the Council
6005:"After Lisbon: National Parliaments in the European Union"
5549:
are implemented effectively, and uniformly. Member States
7920:
European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters
6763:
Articles Related to the Legislature of the European Union
6496:
6494:
5542:
5199:
Parliament and the Council, which are referred to as the
5029:
321:
Employment, social policy, health and consumer affairs
8662:
6318:
Comment: Will national parliaments use their new powers?
6720:
8887:
European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances
6910:
International Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)
6491:
5581:
6654:
9046:
Directive on the re-use of public sector information
6968:
European Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)
6212:
6210:
6208:
9206:
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive
8647:
7000:
European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–
6915:
European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)
6615:"The EU following the LisbonTreaty (Reform Treaty)"
6003:Auel, Katrin; Christiansen, Thomas (4 March 2015).
5274:The European Parliament's 705 members are directly
9340:Peter Paul and Others v Bundesrepublik Deutschland
9036:Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
6991:European Financial Stability Facility (2010–
6656:
5536:
6205:
5858:is a law that has direct effect; for example the
5471:
5345:
9427:
9066:Directive on the energy performance of buildings
6002:
5803:
5521:amendments. Parliament has however provided for
5297:
1762:Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament
9350:Ralf Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent und Markenamt
8364:Largest cities by population within city limits
6328:
6326:
1939:European Institute of Innovation and Technology
1041:Countries with suspended accession negotiations
112:Presidency of the Council of the European Union
6727:(8 ed.), London: John Harper Publishing,
5770:
9335:Palacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios SA
9161:Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive
8439:
6973:European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)
6928:European Economic Community (1958–1993)
6786:
6503:"I triloghi nel processo decisionale europeo"
5576:
5120:
9171:Directive on services in the internal market
9121:Directive on the legal protection of designs
8667:
6946:European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)
6609:
6607:
6323:
6249:
6247:
6237:
6235:
5257:
378:Environment, Public Health & Food Safety
9250:Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College
9101:Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control
9020:Directive 2000/43/EC on Anti-discrimination
8995:Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC)
6800:
5711:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5620:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5371:
3864:Political groups of the European Parliament
1935:Decentralised independent bodies of the EU
525:: European Parliament's seat since 1999 in
423:Civil Liberties, Justice & Home Affairs
9126:Markets in Financial Instruments Directive
8446:
8432:
7647:Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification
6793:
6779:
5663:
5327:National parliaments of the European Union
5127:
5113:
513:
493:
76:National parliaments of the European Union
42:
6604:
6244:
6232:
5731:Learn how and when to remove this message
5640:Learn how and when to remove this message
5480:
2038:Publications Office of the European Union
505:: Council of the EU's seat since 2017 in
388:Internal Market & Consumer Protection
336:Transport, telecommunications and energy
9106:Internal Market in Electricity Directive
9091:European units of measurement directives
8980:Copyright Duration Directive (93/98/EEC)
8850:Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1170/2011
8101:European Structural and Investment Funds
8023:European System of Financial Supervision
6888:Western European Union (1954–2011)
6677:
5820:
5349:
5226:
5143:adopts legislation through a variety of
4461:European System of Financial Supervision
1757:Internal Audit Service of the Commission
175:No official division by political groups
9270:ChacĂłn Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA
8464:Judiciary and law of the European Union
6500:
6440:
6438:
6052:
5362:, and is sometimes referred to as the '
5320:
4967:United Kingdom–European Union relations
2892:Non Euro countries relationship to Euro
14:
9428:
8985:Copyright Term Directive (2006/116/EC)
8892:Commission Regulation (EC) No 474/2006
8845:Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2257/94
8478:Court of Justice of the European Union
7565:European Economic and Social Committee
7374:Court of Justice of the European Union
6898:European Communities (1967–2009)
6558:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
6142:
6095:
5959:
5810:increase the competences of the Union.
5393:The procedure was introduced with the
5263:
5237:
5232:Political system of the European Union
4989:United States–European Union relations
2008:European Economic and Social Committee
318:Education, youth, culture and sport
9201:Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive
9191:Unfair Commercial Practices Directive
8907:Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation
8825:Council Regulation (EC) No. 1348/2000
8820:Council Regulation (EC) No. 1206/2001
8427:
8202:Stabilisation and Association Process
7899:Area of freedom, security and justice
6774:
6761:
6640:European Justice:National Legislation
6501:Salmaso, Valeria (20 December 2016).
6377:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
6339:. Europa (web portal). Archived from
6289:"Parliament's legislative initiative"
5012:European Union and the United Nations
4544:Foreign relations of EU member states
9436:European Union legislative procedure
9391:Accountability in the European Union
8197:European Union Association Agreement
6933:European Community (1993–2009)
6508:(in Italian). forumcostituzionale.it
6467:from the original on 25 August 2017.
6435:
5709:adding citations to reliable sources
5676:
5618:adding citations to reliable sources
5585:
5509:
5017:European Union Association Agreement
4952:Switzerland–European Union relations
3849:Elections to the European Parliament
433:Women's Rights & Gender Equality
138:President of the European Parliament
36:European Union legislative procedure
9176:Temporary and Agency Work Directive
8663:Commission and Council acting alone
7526:European Data Protection Supervisor
6828:Ideas of European unity before 1948
5672:
5582:Commission and Council acting alone
5557:obligation to amend their existing
5413:, transport, structural funds, the
5370:' which can variously refer to the
4922:Kazakhstan–European Union relations
2473:Nuclear power in the European Union
2048:European Personnel Selection Office
1983:European Data Protection Supervisor
1944:European Public Prosecutor's Office
403:Agriculture & Rural Development
24:
8222:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
7962:Common Security and Defence Policy
7957:Common Foreign and Security Policy
6296:Library of the European Parliament
5870:which was transposed in Greece as
5567:Member state of the European Union
5076:Convention on the Future of Europe
5007:Microstates and the European Union
4887:Australia–European Union relations
4877:Argentina–European Union relations
3825:
3821:Microstates and the European Union
3402:
3370:Non-Schengen area EU member states
2936:
2477:
1110:Withdrawal from the European Union
25:
9452:
9441:European Union constitutional law
9086:European SEA Directive 2001/42/EC
9081:Environmental liability directive
7991:Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
7588:European Union Military Committee
7560:European Committee of the Regions
6741:
6659:EU Law: Text, Cases and Materials
6455:"Legislation by way of trialogue"
6375:"Glossary of summaries – EUR-Lex"
6143:Hlavac, Marek (2 December 2010).
5755:The Treaty also provides for the
5559:Primary and secondary legislation
5054:European Coal and Steel Community
2018:European Union Military Committee
2003:European Committee of the Regions
1906:Decentralised agencies of the EU
1634:Member of the European Parliament
1305:Abandoned treaties and agreements
315:Economic and financial affairs
9000:Dangerous Preparations Directive
8925:Good Clinical Practice Directive
8456:
7967:Permanent Structured Cooperation
7583:Political and Security Committee
7470:European Atomic Energy Community
6748:EU website about decision-making
6655:Craig, P.; de BĂşrca, G. (2003).
5850:Legal Acts of the European Union
5681:
5590:
5162:Over the years the power of the
5087:
4962:Ukraine–European Union relations
4937:Moldova–European Union relations
4917:Iceland–European Union relations
4912:Georgia–European Union relations
4882:Armenia–European Union relations
4862:
4850:
4838:
4826:
4814:
4802:
4790:
4778:
4766:
4754:
4742:
4730:
4718:
4706:
4694:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4622:
4610:
4598:
4586:
4574:
4562:
4550:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4235:
4223:
4211:
4199:
4187:
4175:
4163:
4151:
4139:
4127:
4115:
4103:
4091:
4079:
4067:
4055:
4043:
4031:
4019:
4007:
3995:
3983:
3971:
3959:
3790:
3777:
3764:
3744:
3732:
3720:
3708:
3696:
3684:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3636:
3624:
3612:
3600:
3588:
3576:
3564:
3552:
3540:
3528:
3516:
3504:
3492:
3480:
3467:
3455:
3443:
3431:
3389:
3376:
3363:Visa policy of the Schengen Area
3332:
3319:
3306:
3293:
3272:
3259:
3246:
3233:
3220:
3207:
3194:
3181:
3168:
3155:
3142:
3129:
3116:
3103:
3090:
3077:
3064:
3051:
3038:
3025:
3012:
2999:
2986:
2973:
2960:
2865:
2853:
2841:
2829:
2817:
2805:
2793:
2766:
2736:
2724:
2712:
2700:
2688:
2676:
2664:
2652:
2640:
2628:
2616:
2604:
2592:
2580:
2568:
2556:
2544:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2457:
2444:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2383:
2370:
2357:
2344:
2331:
2318:
2305:
2292:
2279:
2266:
2253:
2240:
2227:
2214:
2201:
2188:
2175:
2162:
2149:
2136:
2123:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2043:European External Action Service
2013:Political and Security Committee
1920:European Supervisory Authorities
1450:
1297:European Economic Area Agreement
1070:
1048:
1026:
1014:
1002:
990:
978:
966:
954:
942:
918:
905:
892:
879:
866:
853:
840:
827:
814:
801:
788:
775:
762:
749:
736:
723:
710:
697:
684:
671:
658:
645:
632:
619:
606:
593:
580:
555:
180:
161:
119:
9131:Measuring Instruments Directive
8960:Capital Requirements Directives
8875:Regulation on Community designs
8369:National parties by affiliation
8212:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
8192:Economic Partnership Agreements
6883:Western Union (1948–1954)
6753:European Parliament: Procedures
6709:. See Chapter 5 (in particular
6633:
6624:
6589:
6575:
6566:
6520:
6480:
6471:
6447:
6424:
6415:
6406:
6393:
6367:
6358:
6310:
6256:
6221:
6192:
6055:Journal of European Integration
5962:Journal of European Integration
5537:Incorporation into domestic law
5190:Since December 2009, after the
5185:
4957:Turkey–European Union relations
4947:Russia–European Union relations
4942:Norway–European Union relations
4932:Mexico–European Union relations
4897:Canada–European Union relations
4892:Brazil–European Union relations
4417:Passports of the European Union
3407:Schengen Area from January 2023
383:Industry, Research & Energy
373:Employment & Social Affairs
368:Economic & Monetary Affairs
9345:Procureur du Roi v Dassonville
9056:End of Life Vehicles Directive
8648:Ordinary legislative procedure
8374:Presidents of the institutions
8170:European Higher Education Area
7748:International status and usage
7542:Agencies of the European Union
7275:European political foundations
6316:Cooper, Ian (16 October 2009)
6174:
6136:
6089:
6046:
5996:
5953:
5942:
5930:
5909:
5472:Special legislative procedures
5354:Ordinary legislative procedure
5346:Ordinary legislative procedure
5172:Treaties of the European Union
4927:Japan–European Union relations
4902:China–European Union relations
2058:European Administrative School
1954:European Data Protection Board
1839:European Investment Bank Group
548:Politics of the European Union
190:EU Parliament political groups
13:
1:
9315:Microsoft Corp. v. Commission
9166:Satellite and Cable Directive
9030:Information Society Directive
8860:Regulation on roaming charges
8578:Charter of Fundamental Rights
8165:European Common Aviation Area
7620:Charter of Fundamental Rights
7593:European Union Military Staff
7493:European University Institute
7282:Council of the European Union
6697:; Beglinger, Jacques (2018),
6648:
6421:Article 2(44) of that treaty.
5843:
5804:Simplified revision procedure
5658:EU's Common Commercial Policy
5503:Economic and Social Committee
5304:Council of the European Union
5298:Council of the European Union
5153:Council of the European Union
4907:European Union–NATO relations
3953:Elections in EU member states
3884:Referendums related to the EU
1879:European University Institute
1873:European University Institute
1100:Germany–Netherlands relations
66:Council of the European Union
9211:Waste Incineration Directive
9146:Pressure Equipment Directive
8975:Conditional Access Directive
8830:Customs Regulation 1383/2003
8767:Principle of legal certainty
8160:European Political Community
8006:European Banking Supervision
7498:European Stability Mechanism
6182:"Planning and proposing law"
6114:10.1080/01402382.2012.665735
6067:10.1080/07036337.2013.799944
6024:10.1080/01402382.2014.990693
5974:10.1080/07036337.2013.799939
5868:Copyright Duration Directive
5376:open method of co-ordination
5331:The national parliaments of
4444:European Banking Supervision
2482:Euratom since 1 January 2021
1929:Executive agencies of the EU
1866:European Stability Mechanism
1860:European Stability Mechanism
309:Agriculture and fisheries
7:
9196:Universal Service Directive
9032:(first Copyright directive)
8970:Computer Programs Directive
8950:Biocidal Products Directive
8835:Regulation (EC) No 261/2004
8232:Union for the Mediterranean
8011:Single Resolution Mechanism
7950:Vehicle registration plates
7904:Migration and asylum policy
7883:Potential superpower status
5885:
5796:EU leaders sign the treaty.
5771:Ordinary revision procedure
5428:
5059:European Economic Community
4449:Single Resolution Mechanism
3816:EEA National Identity cards
3353:Schengen Information System
2885:Enlargement of the eurozone
2494:Economic and Monetary Union
1950:Corporate bodies of the EU
1568:Council preparatory bodies
1317:UK membership renegotiation
333:Justice and home affairs
171:EU Council political groups
10:
9457:
9386:European Anti-Fraud Office
8855:Customs Regulation 3295/94
8717:European Enforcement Order
8175:EU/ESA Framework Agreement
7873:Differentiated integration
7439:European Court of Auditors
7270:European political parties
6699:Essential EU Law in Charts
6630:Craig and de BĂşrca, p 148.
6412:Craig and de BĂşrca, p 144.
6364:Craig and de BĂşrca, p 145.
6096:Cooper, Ian (1 May 2012).
5936:Articles 14 and 16 of the
5860:roaming charges regulation
5847:
5577:Non-legislative procedures
5513:
5432:
5324:
5301:
5267:
5241:
2032:Inter-institutional bodies
1777:Public Prosecutor's Office
1744:European Court of Auditors
1737:European Court of Auditors
1690:Court of Justice of the EU
9399:
9373:
9234:
9221:Water Framework Directive
9216:Waste framework directive
9136:Medical Devices Directive
8965:Clinical Trials Directive
8945:Best available technology
8930:Data Protection Directive
8915:
8812:
8676:
8640:
8591:
8533:
8483:European Court of Justice
8470:
8392:
8344:
8292:House of European History
8280:
8271:
8126:
7914:European Judicial Network
7891:
7805:
7796:
7784:Health expense per person
7713:
7704:
7605:
7573:
7550:
7534:
7511:
7458:
7431:Supreme audit institution
7429:
7394:
7364:
7307:
7218:
7209:
7200:
7125:
7116:
7074:
7016:
6981:
6958:
6941:
6923:
6905:
6896:
6873:
6866:
6818:
6809:
6768:
6598:Roquette Frères v Council
5765:qualified majority voting
5488:European Court of Justice
5435:Informal trilogue meeting
5368:intergovernmental methods
5338:principle of subsidiarity
5094:European Union portal
1697:European Court of Justice
1124:Treaties and Declarations
1090:Belgium–Germany relations
521:
512:
501:
492:
487:
475:
343:
297:
188:
179:
169:
160:
155:
135:
109:
104:
93:1 December 2009
89:
84:
58:
53:
41:
34:
9141:Posted Workers Directive
9005:Data Retention Directive
7483:European Investment Fund
7478:European Investment Bank
5938:Treaty on European Union
5902:
5499:Committee of the Regions
5366:' as a contrast to the '
5276:elected every five years
1977:Other independent bodies
1422:Legislative institutions
1395:College of Commissioners
1375:Von der Leyen Commission
1095:France–Germany relations
537:This article is part of
344:EU Parliament committees
9156:Resale Rights Directive
8762:Precautionary principle
8668:Commission acting alone
8187:European Peace Facility
7414:System of Central Banks
6724:The European Parliament
6253:Dir. 88/301 OJ L131/73
6241:Dir. 80/723 OJ L195/35
5664:Commission acting alone
5194:came into force, three
5170:The power to amend the
3358:Visa Information System
2786:Other currencies in use
1577:Council Working Parties
413:Culture & Education
393:Transport & Tourism
9360:Van Duyn v Home Office
9285:Coleman v Attridge Law
9226:Working Time Directive
8777:Principle of conferral
8653:Consultation procedure
8515:Relationship with ECHR
8505:Civil Service Tribunal
8297:2012 Nobel Peace Prize
8143:European Economic Area
8001:European banking union
7878:Privileged partnership
7733:Government procurement
6678:Voermans, Wim (2010).
6585:. Europa (web portal).
6102:West European Politics
6012:West European Politics
5654:common external tariff
5481:Consultation procedure
5372:consultation procedure
5355:
5254:conciliation committee
5234:
5145:legislative procedures
5071:Western European Union
4439:European banking union
4375:European Single Market
3944:2024 (latest election)
3831:
3830:European Economic Area
3419:European Economic Area
3408:
2942:
2483:
1909:Single market agencies
1330:Executive institutions
1270:Treaties of succession
961:Bosnia and Herzegovina
482:Conciliation committee
454:Security & Defence
428:Constitutional Affairs
9404:European Union portal
9181:Trade Marks Directive
8752:Maximum harmonisation
8747:Minimum harmonisation
8732:Home state regulation
8242:Free trade agreements
8084:Health Insurance Card
8018:Capital Markets Union
7868:Democratic legitimacy
7838:Optimum currency area
7659:Legislative procedure
7404:European Central Bank
6399:Formerly Article 251
5892:Cooperation procedure
5821:The Passerelle Clause
5353:
5230:
5203:in a protocol to the
4456:Capital Markets Union
4368:Free Trade Agreements
3829:
3406:
2940:
2481:
1790:European Central Bank
1751:Other auditory bodies
1731:Auditory institutions
1684:Judicial institutions
1429:Legislative procedure
1311:European Constitution
1235:Treaties of accession
298:EU Council committees
18:Co-decision procedure
8702:Direct applicability
8690:Acquis communautaire
8632:Digital Services Act
8354:Books on the subject
8217:EU Gateway Programme
8180:EU/ESA Space Council
8138:Neighbourhood Policy
8096:Regional development
8062:Environmental policy
8052:Educational policies
7979:Neighbourhood Policy
7823:Intergovernmentalism
7813:European integration
7728:Community preference
7679:Enhanced cooperation
7664:Citizens' Initiative
7503:Unified Patent Court
7354:Directorates-General
7145:Environmental issues
6583:"European Ombudsman"
6264:"Legislative powers"
6160:10.2139/ssrn.1719308
5761:Council of Ministers
5705:improve this section
5614:improve this section
5527:admission of members
5360:codecision procedure
5321:National parliaments
5151:and approved by the
5048:European Communities
4488:Enhanced cooperation
3859:European foundations
3476:(provisional member)
2025:EU/ESA Space Council
1892:Unified Patent Court
1886:Unified Patent Court
1672:National parliaments
1562:Directorates-general
398:Regional Development
9255:Apostolides v Orams
8990:Cosmetics Directive
8712:European labour law
8615:Framework Directive
8553:Single European Act
8525:European civil code
8379:Terrorist incidents
8207:Eastern Partnership
8148:EEA Joint Committee
8067:European Green Deal
8037:Agricultural policy
7843:Supranational union
7334:European Commission
7292:General Secretariat
7228:European Parliament
7183:Special territories
6983:Financial stability
6268:European Parliament
6186:European Commission
5924:European Parliament
5449:European Commission
5441:European Parliament
5419:former third pillar
5399:Treaty of Amsterdam
5288:political groupings
5270:European Parliament
5264:European Parliament
5244:European Commission
5238:European Commission
5164:European Parliament
5157:European Parliament
5149:European Commission
4527:Ext. Action Service
4512:High Representative
4478:European Federation
4352:Policies and issues
3811:EEA Joint Committee
2941:Eurozone since 2015
1963:Joint undertakings
1587:European Parliament
1368:European Commission
1191:Treaty of Amsterdam
1179:Single European Act
1131:Schuman Declaration
1085:Special territories
1063:Applicant countries
935:Candidate countries
467:International Trade
71:European Parliament
48:European Union flag
9111:Landfill Directive
9096:Habitats Directive
9010:Database Directive
8902:Rome II Regulation
8757:Preliminary ruling
8227:Northern Dimension
7974:Enlargement Policy
7916:(criminal matters)
7828:Multi-speed Europe
7521:European Ombudsman
7177:(first-level NUTS)
7160:Larger urban zones
6381:on 29 October 2013
6346:on 7 November 2013
5897:Recasting (EU law)
5547:European Union law
5495:European Community
5466:European Ombudsman
5356:
5280:universal suffrage
5235:
5180:passerelle clauses
5066:European Community
4997:Common Travel Area
4483:Multi-speed Europe
4340:Fundamental Rights
3891:European elections
3832:
3409:
2943:
2484:
1988:European Ombudsman
1465:July–December 2024
1291:Schengen Agreement
1203:Berlin Declaration
1173:Solemn Declaration
1143:Europe Declaration
527:Strasbourg, France
330:General affairs
327:Foreign affairs
312:Competitiveness
130:since 1 July 2024
9423:
9422:
9417:
9416:
9381:Court of Auditors
8940:Battery Directive
8881:Societas Europaea
8840:EU-Eco-regulation
8742:Incidental effect
8658:Consent procedure
8558:Maastricht Treaty
8520:Public Prosecutor
8493:Advocates General
8421:
8420:
8340:
8339:
8327:Telephone numbers
8267:
8266:
8042:Cultural policies
7792:
7791:
7779:Unemployment rate
7601:
7600:
7461:international-law
7454:
7453:
7444:Secretary-General
7196:
7195:
7155:Geographic centre
7112:
7111:
7012:
7011:
6954:
6953:
6734:978-0-9564508-5-2
6715:www.eur-charts.eu
6707:978-963-258-394-5
6540:on 25 August 2017
6403:pre-Lisbon Treaty
6298:. 24 October 2013
5872:Law No. 2557/1997
5827:Passerelle Clause
5757:Passerelle Clause
5741:
5740:
5733:
5650:
5649:
5642:
5516:Consent procedure
5510:Consent procedure
5445:Council of the EU
5395:Maastricht Treaty
5137:
5136:
4505:Foreign relations
2438:Associated states
2053:Anti-Fraud Office
1772:Anti-Fraud Office
1707:Advocates General
1553:Secretary-General
1437:Council of the EU
1405:Secretary-General
1185:Maastricht Treaty
532:
531:
507:Brussels, Belgium
363:Budgetary Control
304:10 configurations
16:(Redirected from
9448:
9365:Van Gend en Loos
9151:Rental Directive
8563:Amsterdam Treaty
8462:
8461:
8460:
8448:
8441:
8434:
8425:
8424:
8401:
8278:
8277:
8155:Energy Community
8074:Fisheries policy
7833:Neofunctionalism
7803:
7802:
7711:
7710:
7653:Official Journal
7640:Citizens' Rights
7379:Court of Justice
7317:European Council
7265:Political groups
7216:
7215:
7207:
7206:
7178:
7123:
7122:
6903:
6902:
6871:
6870:
6816:
6815:
6795:
6788:
6781:
6772:
6771:
6759:
6758:
6737:
6691:
6674:
6662:
6642:
6637:
6631:
6628:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6611:
6602:
6593:
6587:
6586:
6579:
6573:
6570:
6564:
6563:
6557:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6539:
6533:. Archived from
6532:
6524:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6507:
6498:
6489:
6484:
6478:
6475:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6459:
6451:
6445:
6442:
6433:
6428:
6422:
6419:
6413:
6410:
6404:
6397:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6371:
6365:
6362:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6345:
6338:
6330:
6321:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6305:
6303:
6293:
6285:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6274:
6260:
6254:
6251:
6242:
6239:
6230:
6225:
6219:
6214:
6203:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6188:. 20 April 2019.
6178:
6172:
6171:
6149:
6140:
6134:
6133:
6093:
6087:
6086:
6050:
6044:
6043:
6009:
6000:
5994:
5993:
5957:
5951:
5946:
5940:
5934:
5928:
5927:
5921:
5913:
5750:European Council
5736:
5729:
5725:
5722:
5716:
5685:
5677:
5673:Treaty revisions
5645:
5638:
5634:
5631:
5625:
5594:
5586:
5457:Treaty of Lisbon
5423:Treaty of Lisbon
5364:community method
5333:EU member states
5201:Union legislator
5129:
5122:
5115:
5092:
5091:
5090:
4867:
4866:
4855:
4854:
4843:
4842:
4831:
4830:
4819:
4818:
4807:
4806:
4795:
4794:
4783:
4782:
4771:
4770:
4759:
4758:
4747:
4746:
4735:
4734:
4723:
4722:
4711:
4710:
4699:
4698:
4687:
4686:
4675:
4674:
4663:
4662:
4651:
4650:
4639:
4638:
4627:
4626:
4615:
4614:
4603:
4602:
4591:
4590:
4579:
4578:
4567:
4566:
4555:
4554:
4473:Supranationalism
4380:Area of FS&J
4276:
4275:
4264:
4263:
4252:
4251:
4240:
4239:
4228:
4227:
4216:
4215:
4204:
4203:
4192:
4191:
4180:
4179:
4168:
4167:
4156:
4155:
4144:
4143:
4132:
4131:
4120:
4119:
4108:
4107:
4096:
4095:
4084:
4083:
4072:
4071:
4060:
4059:
4048:
4047:
4036:
4035:
4024:
4023:
4012:
4011:
4000:
3999:
3988:
3987:
3976:
3975:
3964:
3963:
3854:European parties
3795:
3794:
3793:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3749:
3748:
3737:
3736:
3725:
3724:
3713:
3712:
3701:
3700:
3689:
3688:
3677:
3676:
3665:
3664:
3653:
3652:
3641:
3640:
3629:
3628:
3617:
3616:
3605:
3604:
3593:
3592:
3581:
3580:
3569:
3568:
3557:
3556:
3545:
3544:
3533:
3532:
3521:
3520:
3509:
3508:
3497:
3496:
3485:
3484:
3472:
3471:
3460:
3459:
3448:
3447:
3436:
3435:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2870:
2869:
2858:
2857:
2846:
2845:
2836:Hungarian forint
2834:
2833:
2822:
2821:
2810:
2809:
2798:
2797:
2771:
2770:
2741:
2740:
2729:
2728:
2717:
2716:
2705:
2704:
2693:
2692:
2681:
2680:
2669:
2668:
2657:
2656:
2645:
2644:
2633:
2632:
2621:
2620:
2609:
2608:
2597:
2596:
2585:
2584:
2573:
2572:
2561:
2560:
2549:
2548:
2537:
2536:
2525:
2524:
2513:
2512:
2501:Eurozone members
2462:
2461:
2460:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2089:
2088:
2087:
1932:Euratom agencies
1557:Thérèse Blanchet
1455:
1454:
1358:List of meetings
1336:European Council
1209:Treaty of Lisbon
1075:
1074:
1053:
1052:
1031:
1030:
1019:
1018:
1007:
1006:
995:
994:
983:
982:
971:
970:
959:
958:
947:
946:
923:
922:
921:
910:
909:
908:
897:
896:
895:
884:
883:
882:
871:
870:
869:
858:
857:
856:
845:
844:
843:
832:
831:
830:
819:
818:
817:
806:
805:
804:
793:
792:
791:
780:
779:
778:
767:
766:
765:
754:
753:
752:
741:
740:
739:
728:
727:
726:
715:
714:
713:
702:
701:
700:
689:
688:
687:
676:
675:
674:
663:
662:
661:
650:
649:
648:
637:
636:
635:
624:
623:
622:
611:
610:
609:
598:
597:
596:
585:
584:
583:
559:
534:
533:
517:
497:
477:Joint committees
285:
276:
267:
258:
249:
240:
231:
222:
213:
204:
184:
165:
125:
123:
122:
100:
98:
46:
32:
31:
21:
9456:
9455:
9451:
9450:
9449:
9447:
9446:
9445:
9426:
9425:
9424:
9419:
9418:
9413:
9395:
9369:
9265:Cassis de Dijon
9230:
8955:Birds Directive
8911:
8865:Brussels Regime
8808:
8794:State liability
8782:Proportionality
8737:Indirect effect
8683:
8681:
8672:
8636:
8587:
8529:
8510:European lawyer
8466:
8455:
8454:
8452:
8422:
8417:
8404:
8397:
8388:
8336:
8317:Public holidays
8263:
8237:Global Strategy
8129:
8122:
8091:Labour mobility
7984:Global Strategy
7945:Driving licence
7887:
7863:Pro-Europeanism
7788:
7700:
7625:Competition law
7597:
7575:
7569:
7552:
7546:
7530:
7513:
7507:
7462:
7460:
7450:
7425:
7390:
7360:
7344:Vice-Presidents
7303:
7238:Vice-Presidents
7192:
7176:
7170:Protected areas
7140:External border
7108:
7070:
7008:
6977:
6950:
6937:
6919:
6892:
6862:
6853:1993–2004
6848:1973–1993
6843:1958–1972
6838:1948–1957
6805:
6799:
6764:
6744:
6735:
6711:Chart 5|5 = p.3
6695:Tobler, Christa
6671:
6651:
6646:
6645:
6638:
6634:
6629:
6625:
6617:
6613:
6612:
6605:
6594:
6590:
6581:
6580:
6576:
6571:
6567:
6551:
6550:
6543:
6541:
6537:
6530:
6528:"Archived copy"
6526:
6525:
6521:
6511:
6509:
6505:
6499:
6492:
6485:
6481:
6476:
6472:
6464:
6457:
6453:
6452:
6448:
6443:
6436:
6429:
6425:
6420:
6416:
6411:
6407:
6398:
6394:
6384:
6382:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6363:
6359:
6349:
6347:
6343:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6324:
6315:
6311:
6301:
6299:
6291:
6287:
6286:
6282:
6272:
6270:
6262:
6261:
6257:
6252:
6245:
6240:
6233:
6226:
6222:
6215:
6206:
6197:
6193:
6180:
6179:
6175:
6147:
6141:
6137:
6094:
6090:
6051:
6047:
6007:
6001:
5997:
5958:
5954:
5947:
5943:
5935:
5931:
5919:
5915:
5914:
5910:
5905:
5888:
5874:and Ireland as
5852:
5846:
5823:
5806:
5773:
5737:
5726:
5720:
5717:
5702:
5686:
5675:
5666:
5646:
5635:
5629:
5626:
5611:
5595:
5584:
5579:
5539:
5518:
5512:
5483:
5474:
5437:
5431:
5348:
5329:
5323:
5311:Working Parties
5306:
5300:
5286:and sitting in
5272:
5266:
5246:
5240:
5196:EU institutions
5188:
5159:to become law.
5133:
5104:
5100:Other countries
5088:
5086:
5081:
5080:
5043:
5035:
5034:
5021:
4993:
4873:
4861:
4849:
4837:
4825:
4813:
4801:
4789:
4777:
4765:
4753:
4741:
4729:
4717:
4705:
4693:
4681:
4669:
4657:
4645:
4633:
4621:
4609:
4597:
4585:
4573:
4561:
4549:
4546:
4541:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4497:
4496:
4427:Pro-Europeanism
4353:
4345:
4344:
4293:
4283:
4282:
4270:
4258:
4246:
4234:
4222:
4210:
4198:
4186:
4174:
4162:
4150:
4138:
4126:
4114:
4102:
4090:
4078:
4066:
4054:
4042:
4030:
4018:
4006:
3994:
3982:
3970:
3958:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3893:
3888:
3869:Spitzenkandidat
3844:
3834:
3833:
3807:
3802:
3791:
3789:
3778:
3776:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3755:
3743:
3731:
3719:
3707:
3695:
3683:
3671:
3659:
3647:
3635:
3623:
3611:
3599:
3587:
3575:
3563:
3551:
3539:
3527:
3515:
3503:
3491:
3479:
3466:
3454:
3442:
3430:
3427:
3421:
3411:
3410:
3390:
3388:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3367:
3348:PrĂĽm Convention
3344:
3333:
3331:
3320:
3318:
3307:
3305:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3284:
3273:
3271:
3260:
3258:
3247:
3245:
3234:
3232:
3221:
3219:
3208:
3206:
3195:
3193:
3182:
3180:
3169:
3167:
3156:
3154:
3143:
3141:
3130:
3128:
3117:
3115:
3104:
3102:
3091:
3089:
3078:
3076:
3065:
3063:
3052:
3050:
3039:
3037:
3026:
3024:
3013:
3011:
3000:
2998:
2987:
2985:
2974:
2972:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2944:
2935:
2934:
2894:
2889:
2876:
2864:
2852:
2840:
2828:
2816:
2804:
2792:
2789:
2782:
2780:
2773:Paschal Donohoe
2765:
2757:
2750:
2748:
2735:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2687:
2675:
2663:
2651:
2639:
2627:
2615:
2603:
2591:
2579:
2567:
2555:
2543:
2531:
2519:
2507:
2504:
2496:
2486:
2485:
2469:
2458:
2456:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2423:
2421:
2410:
2408:
2397:
2395:
2384:
2382:
2371:
2369:
2358:
2356:
2345:
2343:
2332:
2330:
2319:
2317:
2306:
2304:
2293:
2291:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2265:
2254:
2252:
2241:
2239:
2228:
2226:
2215:
2213:
2202:
2200:
2189:
2187:
2176:
2174:
2163:
2161:
2150:
2148:
2137:
2135:
2124:
2122:
2111:
2109:
2098:
2096:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2077:Euratom members
2073:
2063:
2062:
2034:
2029:
1999:
1996:Advisory bodies
1992:
1979:
1974:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1883:
1875:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1850:Investment Fund
1845:Investment Bank
1841:
1835:
1827:
1826:
1792:
1782:
1781:
1753:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1724:
1723:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1652:Vice Presidents
1596:
1590:
1583:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1461:
1449:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1424:
1414:
1413:
1390:Vice Presidents
1371:
1364:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1307:
1302:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1137:Treaty of Paris
1126:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1081:
1069:
1066:
1059:
1047:
1044:
1037:
1025:
1013:
1009:North Macedonia
1001:
989:
977:
965:
953:
941:
938:
931:
930:
919:
917:
906:
904:
893:
891:
880:
878:
867:
865:
854:
852:
841:
839:
828:
826:
815:
813:
802:
800:
789:
787:
776:
774:
763:
761:
750:
748:
737:
735:
724:
722:
711:
709:
698:
696:
685:
683:
672:
670:
659:
657:
646:
644:
633:
631:
620:
618:
607:
605:
594:
592:
581:
579:
574:
550:
503:Europa building
478:
471:
458:
443:Foreign Affairs
354:
353:
339:
306:
305:
293:
283:
274:
265:
256:
247:
238:
229:
220:
211:
202:
199:
198:
191:
172:
151:
145:Roberta Metsola
140:
131:
129:
120:
118:
114:
96:
94:
80:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9454:
9444:
9443:
9438:
9421:
9420:
9415:
9414:
9412:
9411:
9406:
9400:
9397:
9396:
9394:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9377:
9375:
9371:
9370:
9368:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9238:
9236:
9232:
9231:
9229:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9015:Database right
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8935:ATEX directive
8932:
8927:
8921:
8919:
8913:
8912:
8910:
8909:
8904:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8877:
8872:
8870:CLP Regulation
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8816:
8814:
8810:
8809:
8807:
8806:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8788:Staatenverbund
8784:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8698:
8697:
8686:
8684:
8677:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8644:
8642:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8627:Recommendation
8624:
8619:
8618:
8617:
8607:
8597:
8595:
8589:
8588:
8586:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8539:
8537:
8531:
8530:
8528:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8496:
8495:
8490:
8480:
8474:
8472:
8468:
8467:
8451:
8450:
8443:
8436:
8428:
8419:
8418:
8416:
8415:
8410:
8403:
8402:
8394:
8393:
8390:
8389:
8387:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8350:
8348:
8342:
8341:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8302:Laissez-passer
8299:
8294:
8289:
8281:
8275:
8269:
8268:
8265:
8264:
8262:
8261:
8260:
8259:
8254:
8252:Current agenda
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8183:
8182:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8151:
8150:
8140:
8134:
8132:
8124:
8123:
8121:
8120:
8119:
8118:
8113:
8111:Sport policies
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8087:
8086:
8076:
8071:
8070:
8069:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8029:
8028:
8027:
8026:
8025:
8015:
8014:
8013:
8008:
7998:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7970:
7969:
7954:
7953:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7911:
7906:
7895:
7893:
7889:
7888:
7886:
7885:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7865:
7860:
7858:Federalisation
7855:
7850:
7848:Euroscepticism
7845:
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7809:
7807:
7800:
7794:
7793:
7790:
7789:
7787:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7765:
7764:
7754:
7753:
7752:
7751:
7750:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7714:
7708:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7698:
7697:
7696:
7691:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7649:
7644:
7643:
7642:
7632:
7627:
7622:
7617:
7611:
7609:
7603:
7602:
7599:
7598:
7596:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7579:
7577:
7571:
7570:
7568:
7567:
7562:
7556:
7554:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7544:
7538:
7536:
7532:
7531:
7529:
7528:
7523:
7517:
7515:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7489:
7488:
7485:
7480:
7472:
7466:
7464:
7456:
7455:
7452:
7451:
7449:
7448:
7447:
7446:
7435:
7433:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7422:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7400:
7398:
7392:
7391:
7389:
7388:
7387:
7386:
7381:
7370:
7368:
7362:
7361:
7359:
7358:
7357:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7331:
7330:
7329:
7324:
7313:
7311:
7305:
7304:
7302:
7301:
7300:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7279:
7278:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7258:Constituencies
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7224:
7222:
7213:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7152:
7150:Extreme points
7147:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7126:
7120:
7114:
7113:
7110:
7109:
7107:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7080:
7078:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7022:
7020:
7014:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7007:
7006:
6997:
6987:
6985:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6975:
6970:
6964:
6962:
6956:
6955:
6952:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6942:
6939:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6930:
6924:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6917:
6912:
6906:
6900:
6894:
6893:
6891:
6890:
6885:
6879:
6877:
6875:Defence policy
6868:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6824:
6822:
6813:
6807:
6806:
6804: articles
6802:European Union
6798:
6797:
6790:
6783:
6775:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6756:
6755:
6750:
6743:
6742:External links
6740:
6739:
6738:
6733:
6718:
6692:
6690:(50): 391–413.
6675:
6669:
6650:
6647:
6644:
6643:
6632:
6623:
6603:
6588:
6574:
6565:
6519:
6490:
6479:
6470:
6446:
6434:
6423:
6414:
6405:
6392:
6366:
6357:
6322:
6309:
6280:
6255:
6243:
6231:
6220:
6204:
6191:
6173:
6135:
6108:(3): 441–465.
6088:
6061:(5): 547–563.
6045:
6018:(2): 261–281.
5995:
5968:(5): 531–546.
5952:
5941:
5929:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5887:
5884:
5848:Main article:
5845:
5842:
5838:
5837:
5834:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5797:
5794:
5790:
5789:
5788:
5785:
5778:
5772:
5769:
5739:
5738:
5689:
5687:
5680:
5674:
5671:
5665:
5662:
5648:
5647:
5598:
5596:
5589:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5538:
5535:
5514:Main article:
5511:
5508:
5482:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5433:Main article:
5430:
5427:
5403:Treaty of Nice
5347:
5344:
5325:Main article:
5322:
5319:
5302:Main article:
5299:
5296:
5284:its committees
5268:Main article:
5265:
5262:
5242:Main article:
5239:
5236:
5187:
5184:
5141:European Union
5135:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5124:
5117:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5096:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5056:
5044:
5042:Defunct bodies
5041:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4985:
4984:
4979:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4872:
4871:
4859:
4847:
4835:
4823:
4811:
4799:
4787:
4775:
4763:
4751:
4739:
4727:
4715:
4703:
4691:
4679:
4667:
4655:
4643:
4631:
4619:
4617:Czech Republic
4607:
4595:
4583:
4571:
4559:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4537:Defence Policy
4534:
4532:Foreign Policy
4529:
4522:
4521:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4480:
4475:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4432:Euroscepticism
4429:
4424:
4419:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4360:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4335:Recommendation
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4294:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4268:
4256:
4244:
4232:
4220:
4208:
4196:
4184:
4172:
4160:
4148:
4136:
4124:
4112:
4100:
4088:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4040:
4028:
4026:Czech Republic
4016:
4004:
3992:
3980:
3968:
3951:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3874:Constituencies
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3787:
3774:
3758:Non-EU members
3756:
3754:
3753:
3741:
3729:
3717:
3705:
3693:
3681:
3669:
3657:
3645:
3633:
3621:
3609:
3597:
3585:
3573:
3561:
3549:
3537:
3525:
3513:
3501:
3499:Czech Republic
3489:
3477:
3464:
3452:
3440:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3401:
3400:
3386:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3343:
3342:
3329:
3316:
3303:
3287:Non-EU members
3285:
3283:
3282:
3269:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3217:
3204:
3191:
3178:
3165:
3152:
3139:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3087:
3074:
3061:
3048:
3035:
3022:
3020:Czech Republic
3009:
2996:
2983:
2970:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2875:
2874:
2862:
2850:
2838:
2826:
2814:
2802:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2733:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2685:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2613:
2601:
2589:
2577:
2565:
2553:
2541:
2529:
2517:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2476:
2475:
2468:
2467:
2465:United Kingdom
2454:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2419:
2406:
2393:
2380:
2367:
2354:
2341:
2328:
2315:
2302:
2289:
2276:
2263:
2250:
2237:
2224:
2211:
2198:
2185:
2172:
2159:
2157:Czech Republic
2146:
2133:
2120:
2107:
2094:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2005:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1969:of the Euratom
1967:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1815:Euro banknotes
1812:
1807:
1793:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1621:
1609:Largest groups
1606:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1473:Configurations
1471:
1462:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1377:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1314:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1294:
1285:Other treaties
1283:
1273:
1268:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1206:
1200:
1197:Treaty of Nice
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1161:Euratom Treaty
1158:
1155:Treaty of Rome
1152:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1127:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1079:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1023:
1011:
999:
987:
975:
963:
951:
932:
929:
928:
915:
902:
889:
876:
863:
850:
837:
824:
811:
798:
785:
772:
759:
746:
733:
720:
707:
694:
681:
668:
655:
653:Czech Republic
642:
629:
616:
603:
590:
576:
575:
569:
568:
565:
564:
561:
560:
552:
551:
546:
543:
542:
530:
529:
519:
518:
510:
509:
499:
498:
490:
489:
485:
484:
479:
476:
473:
472:
470:
469:
464:
459:
457:
456:
451:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
349:
348:
347:
345:
341:
340:
338:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
324:Environment
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
303:
302:
301:
299:
295:
294:
292:
291:
281:
272:
263:
254:
245:
236:
227:
218:
209:
196:
195:
194:
192:
189:
186:
185:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
158:
157:
153:
152:
143:
141:
136:
133:
132:
117:
115:
110:
107:
106:
102:
101:
91:
87:
86:
82:
81:
79:
78:
73:
68:
62:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9453:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9401:
9398:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9378:
9376:
9372:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9247:
9243:
9240:
9239:
9237:
9233:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9061:CHP Directive
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8922:
8920:
8918:
8914:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8882:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8817:
8815:
8811:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8789:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8727:Four freedoms
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8707:Direct effect
8705:
8703:
8700:
8696:
8693:
8692:
8691:
8688:
8687:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8639:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8616:
8613:
8612:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8602:
8599:
8598:
8596:
8594:
8590:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8573:Lisbon Treaty
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8548:Merger Treaty
8546:
8544:
8541:
8540:
8538:
8536:
8532:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8500:General Court
8498:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8485:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8473:
8469:
8465:
8459:
8449:
8444:
8442:
8437:
8435:
8430:
8429:
8426:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8405:
8400:
8396:
8395:
8391:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8351:
8349:
8347:
8343:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8312:Media freedom
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8287:
8283:
8282:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8270:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8249:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8181:
8178:
8177:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8149:
8146:
8145:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8131:
8125:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8085:
8082:
8081:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8068:
8065:
8064:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8057:Energy policy
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8047:Customs Union
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8034:
8033:
8032:Single market
8030:
8024:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8016:
8012:
8009:
8007:
8004:
8003:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7994:
7993:
7992:
7989:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7968:
7965:
7964:
7963:
7960:
7959:
7958:
7955:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7940:
7936:
7935:identity card
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7909:Schengen Area
7907:
7905:
7902:
7901:
7900:
7897:
7896:
7894:
7890:
7884:
7881:
7879:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7795:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7763:
7760:
7759:
7758:
7755:
7749:
7746:
7745:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7715:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7703:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7654:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7641:
7638:
7637:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7630:Copyright law
7628:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7612:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7572:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7557:
7555:
7549:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7537:
7533:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7510:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7487:EIB Institute
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7467:
7465:
7457:
7445:
7442:
7441:
7440:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7432:
7428:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7406:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7399:
7397:
7393:
7385:
7384:General Court
7382:
7380:
7377:
7376:
7375:
7372:
7371:
7369:
7367:
7363:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7349:Commissioners
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7336:
7335:
7332:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7310:
7306:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7280:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7255:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7230:
7229:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7221:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7165:Member states
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7115:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7077:
7073:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7019:
7015:
7005:
7003:
6998:
6996:
6994:
6989:
6988:
6986:
6984:
6980:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6965:
6963:
6961:
6957:
6947:
6944:
6943:
6940:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6925:
6922:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6907:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6895:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6808:
6803:
6796:
6791:
6789:
6784:
6782:
6777:
6776:
6773:
6767:
6760:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6736:
6730:
6726:
6725:
6719:
6716:
6712:
6708:
6704:
6700:
6696:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6681:
6676:
6672:
6670:0-19-925608-X
6666:
6661:
6660:
6653:
6652:
6641:
6636:
6627:
6616:
6610:
6608:
6600:
6599:
6592:
6584:
6578:
6569:
6561:
6555:
6536:
6529:
6523:
6504:
6497:
6495:
6488:
6483:
6474:
6463:
6456:
6450:
6441:
6439:
6432:
6427:
6418:
6409:
6402:
6396:
6380:
6376:
6370:
6361:
6342:
6335:
6329:
6327:
6320:, EU Observer
6319:
6313:
6297:
6290:
6284:
6269:
6265:
6259:
6250:
6248:
6238:
6236:
6229:
6224:
6218:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6201:
6195:
6187:
6183:
6177:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6153:
6146:
6139:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6111:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6092:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6056:
6049:
6041:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5991:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5956:
5950:
5945:
5939:
5933:
5925:
5918:
5912:
5908:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5883:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5851:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5807:
5798:
5795:
5791:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5775:
5774:
5768:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5753:
5751:
5746:
5745:Lisbon Treaty
5735:
5732:
5724:
5721:December 2015
5714:
5710:
5706:
5700:
5699:
5695:
5690:This section
5688:
5684:
5679:
5678:
5670:
5661:
5659:
5655:
5644:
5641:
5633:
5630:December 2015
5623:
5619:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5604:
5599:This section
5597:
5593:
5588:
5587:
5574:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5563:jurisdictions
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5534:
5532:
5529:, methods of
5528:
5524:
5517:
5507:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5491:
5489:
5478:
5469:
5467:
5461:
5458:
5452:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5436:
5426:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5415:entire budget
5412:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5384:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5352:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5334:
5328:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5305:
5295:
5291:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5261:
5259:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5223:
5222:
5217:
5213:
5208:
5206:
5202:
5197:
5193:
5192:Lisbon Treaty
5183:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5168:
5165:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5130:
5125:
5123:
5118:
5116:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5085:
5084:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4519:Josep Borrell
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4506:
4501:
4500:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4363:Customs Union
4361:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4307:ECJ Case 6/64
4304:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3879:Apportionment
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3828:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3799:
3788:
3786:
3785:Liechtenstein
3775:
3773:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3405:
3398:
3387:
3385:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3330:
3328:
3317:
3315:
3314:Liechtenstein
3304:
3302:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3281:
3270:
3268:
3257:
3255:
3244:
3242:
3231:
3229:
3218:
3216:
3205:
3203:
3192:
3190:
3179:
3177:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3151:
3140:
3138:
3127:
3125:
3114:
3112:
3101:
3099:
3088:
3086:
3075:
3073:
3062:
3060:
3049:
3047:
3036:
3034:
3023:
3021:
3010:
3008:
2997:
2995:
2984:
2982:
2971:
2969:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2953:Schengen Area
2949:
2948:
2939:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2872:Swedish krona
2868:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2801:
2800:Bulgarian lev
2796:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2781:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2455:
2453:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2431:
2420:
2418:
2407:
2405:
2394:
2392:
2381:
2379:
2368:
2366:
2355:
2353:
2342:
2340:
2329:
2327:
2316:
2314:
2303:
2301:
2290:
2288:
2277:
2275:
2264:
2262:
2251:
2249:
2238:
2236:
2225:
2223:
2212:
2210:
2199:
2197:
2186:
2184:
2173:
2171:
2160:
2158:
2147:
2145:
2134:
2132:
2121:
2119:
2108:
2106:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1915:AFSC agencies
1914:
1912:CFSP agencies
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1854:EIB Institute
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1719:General Court
1717:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1628:Iratxe GarcĂa
1625:
1622:
1619:
1618:Manfred Weber
1615:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1453:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1400:Civil Service
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1384:Von der Leyen
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1167:Merger Treaty
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1000:
998:
993:
988:
986:
981:
976:
974:
969:
964:
962:
957:
952:
950:
945:
940:
939:
937:
936:
927:
916:
914:
903:
901:
890:
888:
877:
875:
864:
862:
851:
849:
838:
836:
825:
823:
812:
810:
799:
797:
786:
784:
773:
771:
760:
758:
747:
745:
734:
732:
721:
719:
708:
706:
695:
693:
682:
680:
669:
667:
656:
654:
643:
641:
630:
628:
617:
615:
604:
602:
591:
589:
578:
577:
572:
571:Member states
567:
566:
563:
562:
558:
554:
553:
549:
545:
544:
540:
536:
535:
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
488:Meeting place
486:
483:
480:
474:
468:
465:
463:
460:
455:
452:
450:
447:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
418:Legal Affairs
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
355:
352:
346:
342:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
307:
300:
296:
289:
286:Vacant (
282:
279:
273:
270:
264:
261:
255:
252:
246:
243:
237:
234:
228:
225:
219:
216:
210:
207:
201:
200:
193:
187:
183:
178:
174:
168:
164:
159:
154:
150:
146:
142:
139:
134:
128:
116:
113:
108:
103:
92:
88:
83:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
63:
61:
57:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
9290:Costa v ENEL
9280:Ciarán Tobin
8879:
8799:Subsidiarity
8786:
8722:Gold-plating
8284:
8106:Space policy
7774:Average wage
7769:Minimum wage
7658:
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7396:Central bank
7211:Institutions
7135:Demographics
7018:Enlargements
7001:
6992:
6960:Central bank
6867:Predecessors
6723:
6698:
6687:
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5523:conciliation
5519:
5492:
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5381:Article 294
5380:
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5357:
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5330:
5307:
5292:
5273:
5251:
5247:
5219:
5209:
5200:
5189:
5186:Participants
5175:
5169:
5161:
5144:
5138:
5050:(1958–1993)
4543:
4510:
4390:Agricultural
4313:Subsidiarity
3952:
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3804:
3757:
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3369:
3286:
2891:
2860:Romanian leu
2848:Polish złoty
2824:Danish krone
2812:Czech koruna
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1976:
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1149:Spaak Report
1061:
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933:
523:Louise Weiss
449:Human Rights
217: (136)
208: (188)
29:
9355:Tanja Kreil
9242:ECJ Rulings
8813:Regulations
8568:Nice Treaty
8543:Rome Treaty
8384:Urban areas
8247:Enlargement
7925:Citizenship
7674:LGBT rights
7512:Independent
7327:Euro summit
7243:Secretariat
7220:Legislature
7076:Withdrawals
6302:13 February
6273:13 February
5551:governments
5543:legislation
5407:agriculture
5221:sui generis
5205:EU treaties
4785:Netherlands
4468:Integration
4412:Citizenship
4194:Netherlands
3667:Netherlands
3425:EEA members
3340:Switzerland
3189:Netherlands
2695:Netherlands
2452:Switzerland
2339:Netherlands
1643:(2019–2024)
1641:9th session
1548:Secretariat
1319:(2015–2016)
835:Netherlands
462:Development
280: (32)
271: (25)
262: (46)
253: (53)
244: (77)
235: (78)
226: (84)
9430:Categories
9409:Law portal
9300:Francovich
9295:Factortame
8917:Directives
8679:Principles
8641:Procedures
8605:Regulation
8359:Directives
8257:Statistics
8079:Healthcare
7818:Eurosphere
7723:Currencies
7694:Withdrawal
7669:Regulation
7474:EIB Group
7419:Eurosystem
7287:Presidency
7248:Committees
7188:Statistics
6858:Since 2004
6684:Legislacao
6649:References
5856:regulation
5844:Legal acts
5793:reference.
5553:have a EU
5531:withdrawal
5443:(EP), the
5374:or to the
5216:tricameral
4761:Luxembourg
4320:Regulation
4170:Luxembourg
3643:Luxembourg
3163:Luxembourg
2671:Luxembourg
2313:Luxembourg
1924:SRM bodies
1820:Euro coins
1664:Conference
1444:Presidency
1220:Article 50
997:Montenegro
809:Luxembourg
251:Greens/EFA
105:Leadership
97:2009-12-01
8804:Supremacy
8772:Recasting
8682:and terms
8610:Directive
8471:Judiciary
8307:Languages
8286:Douzelage
8130:relations
7930:passports
7853:Euromyths
7757:Transport
7635:Directive
7463:EU bodies
7409:President
7366:Judiciary
7339:President
7322:President
7309:Executive
7297:Eurogroup
7253:Elections
7233:President
7130:Geography
7118:Geography
6601:ECR 3333.
6544:2 October
6168:153480456
6130:154680742
6122:0140-2382
6083:154632538
6075:0703-6337
6040:153623069
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5982:0703-6337
5864:directive
5777:proposed.
5743:The 2009
5692:does not
5601:does not
5411:fisheries
5212:bicameral
4749:Lithuania
4400:Fisheries
4386:Policies
4325:Directive
4158:Lithuania
3842:Elections
3631:Lithuania
3399:(Opt-out)
3150:Lithuania
2761:President
2754:Eurogroup
2659:Lithuania
2300:Lithuania
1966:of the EU
1797:President
1600:President
1496:Eurogroup
1409:Juhansone
1380:President
1343:President
1215:Article 7
796:Lithuania
438:Petitions
408:Fisheries
156:Structure
8622:Decision
8583:Opt-outs
8535:Treaties
8408:Category
8322:Religion
8128:Foreign
8116:VAT Area
7996:Eurozone
7892:Policies
7806:Concepts
7798:Politics
7738:Eurozone
7689:opt-outs
7684:Treaties
7574:Military
7551:Advisory
7535:Agencies
7175:Regions
6833:Founders
6820:Timeline
6554:cite web
6512:27 March
6462:Archived
5886:See also
5880:decision
5784:Council.
5565:of each
5501:and the
5447:and the
5429:Trilogue
5417:and the
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4845:Slovenia
4833:Slovakia
4809:Portugal
4581:Bulgaria
4422:Identity
4405:Regional
4330:Decision
4254:Slovenia
4242:Slovakia
4218:Portugal
3990:Bulgaria
3727:Slovenia
3715:Slovakia
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2994:Bulgaria
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2707:Portugal
2404:Slovenia
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2365:Portugal
2118:Bulgaria
1657:Quaestor
1503:AGRIFISH
1229:Opt-outs
900:Slovenia
887:Slovakia
861:Portugal
614:Bulgaria
539:a series
260:The Left
9330:Nordsee
9246:Caselex
8695:EUR-Lex
8488:members
8399:Outline
8332:Symbols
8273:Culture
7762:TRACECA
7706:Economy
7514:offices
6811:History
6385:4 April
6350:4 April
5926:. 2017.
5713:removed
5698:sources
5622:removed
5607:sources
5573:manner
5421:by the
5315:COREPER
5001:Ireland
4971:History
4821:Romania
4713:Ireland
4701:Hungary
4677:Germany
4653:Finland
4641:Estonia
4629:Denmark
4593:Croatia
4569:Belgium
4557:Austria
4303:Primacy
4230:Romania
4122:Ireland
4110:Hungary
4086:Germany
4062:Finland
4050:Estonia
4038:Denmark
4002:Croatia
3978:Belgium
3966:Austria
3772:Iceland
3703:Romania
3595:Ireland
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3559:Germany
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3523:Estonia
3511:Denmark
3474:Croatia
3450:Belgium
3438:Austria
3397:Ireland
3301:Iceland
3228:Romania
3111:Hungary
3085:Germany
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3046:Estonia
3033:Denmark
3007:Croatia
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2915:Hungary
2910:Denmark
2905:Czechia
2623:Ireland
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2563:Estonia
2539:Croatia
2527:Belgium
2515:Austria
2378:Romania
2261:Ireland
2248:Hungary
2222:Germany
2196:Finland
2183:Estonia
2170:Denmark
2131:Croatia
2105:Belgium
2092:Austria
2071:Euratom
1800:Lagarde
1712:Rulings
1702:Members
1624:S&D
1604:Metsola
1593:Members
1572:COREPER
1458:Hungary
1353:Parties
1349:(ALDE)
1211:(2007)
1033:Ukraine
985:Moldova
973:Georgia
949:Albania
874:Romania
757:Ireland
744:Hungary
718:Germany
692:Finland
679:Estonia
666:Denmark
627:Croatia
601:Belgium
588:Austria
358:Budgets
215:S&D
127:Hungary
95: (
90:Founded
85:History
9325:Metock
9310:Kolpak
9260:Bosman
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7553:bodies
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3805:Topics
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1513:COMPET
1491:ECOFIN
1347:Michel
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1299:(1992)
1293:(1985)
1205:(2007)
1199:(2001)
1193:(1997)
1187:(1992)
1181:(1986)
1175:(1983)
1169:(1965)
1163:(1957)
1157:(1957)
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6538:(PDF)
6531:(PDF)
6506:(PDF)
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5903:Notes
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4857:Spain
4773:Malta
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4266:Spain
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2417:Spain
2326:Malta
2274:Italy
1918:ESFS
1508:EPSCO
1386:(EPP)
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770:Italy
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7939:list
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7036:1981
7031:1973
7026:1954
7002:2012
6993:2012
6729:ISBN
6703:ISBN
6665:ISBN
6560:link
6546:2017
6514:2021
6387:2018
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6071:ISSN
6028:ISSN
5978:ISSN
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