761:
1673:
509:
688:
311:
124:
408:
774:
102:
791:
1699:
497:
1714:
543:, insect eggs, and at high population densities also each other). The larvae may also occasionally bite humans, possibly out of either aggression or hunger. Therefore, the larvae are colloquially known as "aphid lions" (also spelled "aphidlions") or "aphid wolves", similar to the related
579:
While depending on species and environmental conditions, some green lacewings will eat only about 150 prey items in their entire lives, in other cases 100 aphids will be eaten in a single week. Thus, in several countries, millions of such voracious
Chrysopidae are reared for sale as
547:. Their senses are weakly developed, except that they are very sensitive to touch. Walking around in a haphazard fashion, the larvae sway their heads from one side to the other, and when they strike a potential prey object, the larva grasps it. Their
387:
signature smaller) and drop down to the ground. Green lacewings also use substrate or body vibrations as a form of communication between themselves, especially during courtship. Species which are nearly identical
596:. Species that have hitherto attracted wider study and are more or less readily available as captive-bred eggs to deposit out for hatching in pest-infested plant cultures are several members of
348:
in many species. The wings are usually translucent with a slight iridescence; some have green wing veins or a cloudy brownish wing pattern. The vernacular name "stinkflies", used chiefly for
551:
are hollow, allowing a digestive secretion to be injected in the prey; the organs of an aphid can for example be dissolved by this in 90 seconds. Depending on environmental conditions,
815:, green lacewings are not known from that many fossils, and these are not generally well-studied. Their prehistoric relatives mentioned above, however, indicate that at least the
765:
1606:
592:
in confined quarters; the eggs hatch in the field. Their performance is variable; thus, there is interest in further research to improve the use of green lacewings as
394:
527:
are present nearby in numbers. Each egg is hung on a slender stalk about 1 cm long, usually on the underside of a leaf. Immediately after hatching, the larvae
778:
316:
282:; they are very similar and many of their species have been moved from one genus to the other time and again, and in the nonscientific literature assignment to
795:
1679:
Winterton, S. L. (1995): A new genus and species of
Apochrysinae (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from Australia, with a checklist of Australian Chrysopidae.
811:; a few genera are not robustly assigned to either of these yet. Compared to other Neuroptera, which have an extensive, sometimes extremely abundant,
1642:
1626:
1411:
1340:
1268:
1107:
1023:
958:
945:
900:
741:
1328:
1308:
1137:
783:
216:
2300:
2029:
1681:
1500:
1450:
Engel, Michael S. & Grimaldi, David A. (2007): The neuropterid fauna of
Dominican and Mexican amber (Neuropterida, Megaloptera, Neuroptera).
1217:
1190:
1166:
1035:
1592:
1422:
1368:
1279:
1209:
1198:
1150:
1095:
833:
800:
208:
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1360:
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1123:
1071:
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531:, then crawls up the egg stalk to feed. They are voracious predators, attacking most insects of suitable size, especially soft-bodied ones (
1400:
1389:
1300:
1290:
1232:
1225:
1179:
919:
872:
523:
Eggs are deposited at night, singly or in small groups; one female produces some 100–200 eggs. Eggs are placed on plants, usually where
1010:
912:
844:
890:
879:
2274:
1590:
Winterton, S. L. & Brooks, S. J. (2002): Phylogeny of the apochrysine green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Apochrysinae).
1083:
2313:
481:, or are plumper, with long bristles jutting out from the sides. These bristles will collect debris and food remains – the empty
1548:
1460:
2318:
736:– also monotypic following the spongillaflies' removal from there – is the closest living relative of green lacewings; some
1749:
1638:
404:, but their courtship "songs" are very different; individuals of one species will not react to the other's vibrations.
760:
612:, a moth that costs the US agriculture industry more than $ 1 billion annually in crop losses and population control.
290:
can rarely be relied upon. Since they are the most familiar neuropterans to many people, they are often simply called
588:
pests in agriculture and gardens. They are distributed as eggs, since as noted above they are highly aggressive and
2253:
2344:
2266:
713:. But this grouping does not appear to be natural and misled most significantly by the supposed hemerobioideans'
1668:
1604:
2326:
724:, containing only the brown lacewings; the green lacewings seem to be very closely related to the osmylids (
328:
Green lacewings are delicate insects with a wingspan of 6 to over 65 mm, though the largest forms are
2408:
1718:
615:
Gardeners can attract these lacewings – and therefore ensure a steady supply of larvae – by using certain
2183:
2170:
392:
may sometimes be separated more easily based on their mating signals. For example, the southern
European
123:
2188:
2354:
1452:
1672:
1742:
1622:
1498:
New, T. R. (2002): Prospects for extending the use of
Australian lacewings in biological control.
593:
581:
478:
340:, which includes the cross-veins. The bodies are usually bright green to greenish-brown, and the
321:
298:. Since most of the diversity of Neuroptera are properly referred to as some sort of "lacewing",
2380:
2110:
1485:
728:), which have much more advanced larvae superficially resembling those of the spongillaflies (
2375:
2305:
2148:
1639:
Species
Catalog of the Neuroptera, Megaloptera, and Raphidioptera of America North of Mexico.
1520:
2367:
698:
For a long time, green lacewings were considered close relatives of the pleasing lacewings (
2403:
2222:
2157:
436:
389:
8:
1735:
609:
384:
1693:
400:
118:
1698:
2362:
2209:
2017:
816:
548:
2162:
1556:
2214:
2175:
1982:
1929:
1689:
1664:
1600:
604:
508:
238:
337:
2058:
1937:
1854:
1508:
807:
The living genera of
Chrysopidae are divided into one very large and two smaller
745:
620:
616:
245:
2331:
732:) with which the spongillaflies were thus formerly allied. Thus the superfamily
2261:
2248:
1379:
1102:(Jurassic-Eocene; China, Denmark, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, United Kingdom)
707:
636:
368:
110:
687:
310:
2397:
2133:
1727:
1623:
The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).
984:
812:
589:
275:
59:
773:
459:. Others feed almost exclusively on nectar and similar substances, and have
2082:
2045:
2037:
1958:
1916:
1908:
1887:
1834:
1802:
820:
749:
710:
703:
536:
501:
356:
341:
185:
2287:
2142:
1974:
1866:
1258:
936:
929:
808:
714:
598:
420:
407:
333:
270:
212:
34:
1008:
1990:
1759:
971:
790:
733:
624:
490:
482:
380:
248:
175:
79:
44:
101:
2292:
2235:
2201:
2066:
1966:
1945:
1874:
1826:
1790:
1778:
1352:
1171:
729:
725:
721:
699:
652:
644:
628:
560:
474:
460:
448:
424:
361:
293:
155:
135:
84:
2279:
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2127:
1796:
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464:
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350:
329:
264:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
556:
2074:
1320:
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256:
89:
64:
1784:
1772:
1713:
1158:
532:
496:
444:
432:
428:
412:
279:
252:
234:
165:
145:
740:
taxa have been placed in families even closer to
Chrysopidae (
360:) refers to their ability to release a vile smell from paired
717:
540:
528:
524:
517:
486:
470:
260:
2227:
383:
calls: when in flight, they close their wings (making their
664:
585:
440:
345:
831:
463:
in their digestive tract to help break down the food into
376:
371:
at the forewings' base, enabling them to hear well. Some
1652:
Tauber, C. A. (2004): A systematic review of the genus
1135:
1002:
Three genera are not placed within any specific tribe
1637:Penny, N. D.; Adams, P. A.; Stange, L. A. (1997):
720:. Today, the Hemerobioidea are usually considered
1643:Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences
1627:Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History
574:
2395:
1656:(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in the United States.
941:There are over 60 genera placed in four tribes:
398:looks almost identical to its northern relative
1682:Journal of the Australian Entomological Society
1501:Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
2015:
1757:
1658:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
1593:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
1743:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1852:
1553:Iowa State University Extension and Outreach
255:and (differing between sources) 1,300–2,000
1621:Brooks, S. J. & Barnard. P. C. (1990):
1376:
1130:(Cretaceous-Eocene; Canada, China, Denmark)
1054:(Jurassic - Cretaceous; Kazakhstan, Russia)
682:
1750:
1736:
1579:
305:
100:
1446:
1444:
1442:
755:
259:in this widespread group. Members of the
927:
789:
772:
759:
686:
507:
495:
406:
309:
748:) and united with these to superfamily
375:show evasive behavior when they hear a
2396:
1492:
1439:
623:. Chrysopidae are attracted mainly by
477:" shape with a prominent bulge on the
2109:
2108:
2014:
1851:
1815:
1731:
608:. They are a natural predator of the
571:overwinters as newly hatched adults.
2355:fd5ab5ac-8d3f-436f-bd15-25815cb222f9
2267:264bbf91-98ff-48b1-8be3-5a3fcfd332fc
559:takes about 1–3 weeks; species from
221:
332:. They are characterized by a wide
13:
1694:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1995.tb01306.x
1615:
354:species but also for others (e.g.
14:
2420:
1706:
500:Stalked eggs of unknown species,
1712:
1697:
1671:
1576:See references in Haaramo (2008)
1205:(Eocene; Denmark, United states)
1088:Martins-Neto & Vulcano, 1988
1040:Martins-Neto & Vulcano, 1988
1014:Martins-Neto & Vulcano, 1988
563:regions usually overwinter as a
122:
32:
1948:(spongeflies or spongillaflies)
1254:(Eocene; Canada, United States)
504:(Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany)
411:Larva of unknown species (from
1570:
1541:
1513:
1478:
1465:
1333:Makarkin & Archibald, 2013
1272:Makarkin & Archibald, 2013
1155:Makarkin & Archibald, 2013
575:Use in biological pest control
489:, most notably – that provide
415:) camouflaged with sand grains
1:
1432:
473:have either a more slender "
7:
1669:10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097
1605:10.1603/0013-8746(2002)095
1128:Willmann & Brooks, 1991
766:Paleochrysopa monteilsensis
10:
2425:
934:
823:must have happened in the
512:Larva of a species in the
2117:
2057:
2028:
2024:
2010:
1957:
1928:
1907:
1886:
1865:
1861:
1847:
1822:
1816:
1811:
1767:
1549:"The European Corn Borer"
1507:(Supplement 2): 209–216.
1486:"Nature's Freddy Krueger"
1453:American Museum Novitates
827:already, if not earlier.
582:biological control agents
206:
201:
119:Scientific classification
117:
108:
99:
23:
2069:(split-footed lacewings)
1161:; Canada, United States)
683:Systematics and taxonomy
395:Chrysoperla mediterranea
1521:"European corn borer -
1364:(Eocene; United States)
1286:(Eocene; United states)
1244:Adams & Penny, 1992
1221:(Eocene; United States)
702:) and brown lacewings (
594:biological pest control
555:which takes place in a
322:Austins Ferry, Tasmania
306:Description and ecology
804:
787:
770:
756:Subfamilies and genera
695:
520:
505:
416:
325:
2376:Paleobiology Database
1118:(Cretaceous; Myanmar)
1076:Yang & Hong, 1990
883:– sometimes includes
793:
779:Nothochrysa fulviceps
776:
763:
690:
511:
499:
410:
364:glands when handled.
317:Apertochrysa edwardsi
313:
251:. There are about 85
30:Late Jurassic–Present
2262:Fauna Europaea (new)
1969:(pleasing lacewings)
1721:at Wikimedia Commons
1090:(Cretaceous; Brazil)
1066:(Cretaceous; Russia)
1042:(Cretaceous; Brazil)
1030:(Cretaceous; Russia)
796:Nothancyla verreauxi
706:) and placed in the
516:group feeding on an
2409:Neuroptera families
1078:(Cretaceous; China)
610:European corn borer
451:, and some, namely
274:are very common in
1993:(beaded lacewings)
1985:(thorny lacewings)
1529:entnemdept.ufl.edu
1523:Ostrinia nubilalis
1488:. 20 October 2010.
805:
788:
771:
696:
521:
514:Chrysoperla carnea
506:
439:supplemented with
417:
344:are conspicuously
326:
2391:
2390:
2363:Open Tree of Life
2111:Taxon identifiers
2102:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2049:
2041:
2040:(silky lacewings)
2018:Myrmeleontiformia
2006:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1983:Rhachiberothidae
1978:
1970:
1949:
1941:
1920:
1919:(brown lacewings)
1899:
1898:(green lacewings)
1878:
1843:
1842:
1830:
1717:Media related to
1418:(Eocene, Denmark)
1396:(Eocene, Denmark)
1142:
979:Thirty-two genera
819:radiation of the
539:and other insect
314:Head close-up of
228:
227:
16:Family of insects
2416:
2384:
2383:
2371:
2370:
2358:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2335:
2334:
2332:NBNSYS0000159687
2322:
2321:
2309:
2308:
2296:
2295:
2283:
2282:
2270:
2269:
2257:
2256:
2244:
2243:
2231:
2230:
2218:
2217:
2205:
2204:
2192:
2191:
2179:
2178:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2106:
2105:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2047:
2039:
2026:
2025:
2012:
2011:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1947:
1939:
1938:Coniopterygidae
1930:Coniopterygoidea
1918:
1897:
1877:(moth lacewings)
1876:
1863:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1828:
1813:
1812:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1729:
1728:
1716:
1702:
1701:
1676:
1675:
1663:(6): 1129–1158.
1609:
1588:
1577:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1555:. Archived from
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1517:
1511:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1476:
1469:
1463:
1448:
1428:
1417:
1406:
1395:
1350:
1335:(Eocene; Canada)
1334:
1318:
1296:
1285:
1274:(Eocene; Canada)
1273:
1264:
1245:
1204:
1186:(Eocene; Russia)
1185:
1156:
1140:
1129:
1117:
1101:
1089:
1077:
1065:
1053:
1041:
1029:
1015:
989:
976:
963:
950:
896:
838:
837:Handlirsch, 1908
621:beneficial weeds
617:companion plants
605:Mallada signatus
461:symbiotic yeasts
447:and other small
300:common lacewings
127:
126:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2379:
2374:
2366:
2361:
2353:
2351:
2343:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2286:
2278:
2273:
2265:
2260:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2213:
2208:
2200:
2195:
2187:
2182:
2174:
2169:
2161:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2113:
2103:
2090:
2075:Myrmeleontidae
2059:Myrmeleontoidea
2053:
2020:
1998:
1953:
1924:
1903:
1882:
1857:
1855:Hemerobiiformia
1839:
1818:
1807:
1763:
1756:
1725:
1709:
1696:
1670:
1618:
1616:Further reading
1613:
1612:
1589:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1562:
1560:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1497:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1470:
1466:
1449:
1440:
1435:
1426:
1415:
1412:Stephenbrooksia
1404:
1393:
1384:
1374:
1344:
1341:Sinonothochrysa
1332:
1312:
1294:
1283:
1271:
1269:Okanaganochrysa
1263:McLachlan, 1868
1262:
1243:
1202:
1183:
1154:
1144:
1133:
1127:
1111:
1108:Parabaisochrysa
1099:
1087:
1075:
1063:
1051:
1039:
1027:
1024:Aberrantochrysa
1017:
1013:
987:
975:Schneider, 1851
974:
961:
959:Belonopterygini
948:
946:Ankylopterygini
939:
933:
925:
894:
840:
836:
758:
746:Mesochrysopidae
742:Ascalochrysidae
685:
619:and tolerating
577:
427:. They feed on
390:morphologically
369:tympanal organs
308:
302:is preferable.
231:Green lacewings
219:
215:
211:
121:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
24:Green lacewings
17:
12:
11:
5:
2422:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2372:
2359:
2349:
2336:
2323:
2310:
2297:
2284:
2271:
2258:
2249:Fauna Europaea
2245:
2232:
2219:
2206:
2193:
2180:
2167:
2154:
2139:
2123:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2100:
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2022:
2021:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2003:
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1999:
1997:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1943:
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1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
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1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
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1809:
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1805:
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1781:
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1755:
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1732:
1723:
1722:
1708:
1707:External links
1705:
1704:
1703:
1688:(2): 139–145.
1677:
1650:
1635:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1578:
1569:
1540:
1512:
1491:
1477:
1464:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1416:Willmann, 1993
1407:
1397:
1394:Willmann, 1993
1383:
1380:Incertae sedis
1375:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1356:
1336:
1329:Pseudochrysopa
1324:
1309:Pronothochrysa
1304:
1297:
1287:
1275:
1265:
1255:
1246:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1213:
1206:
1203:Schlüter, 1982
1194:
1187:
1184:Makarkin, 2014
1175:
1162:
1145:
1143:
1138:Nothochrysinae
1134:
1132:
1131:
1119:
1103:
1100:Martynov, 1927
1091:
1079:
1067:
1064:Makrakin, 1994
1055:
1052:Makarkin, 1997
1043:
1031:
1018:
1016:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
998:Incertae sedis
995:
994:
993:
982:
981:
980:
969:
968:
967:
966:Fifteen genera
956:
955:
954:
935:Main article:
932:
926:
924:
923:
916:
909:
897:
887:
876:
869:
839:
830:
829:
784:Nothochrysinae
757:
754:
684:
681:
584:of insect and
576:
573:
385:echolocational
336:in their wing
307:
304:
226:
225:
217:Nothochrysinae
204:
203:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
115:
114:
111:Chrysopa perla
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2421:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2087:
2083:Ascalaphidae
2081:
2079:
2073:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2046:Nemopteridae
2044:
2042:
2038:Psychopsidae
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2030:Nemopteroidea
2027:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2009:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1977:(mantidflies)
1973:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1917:Hemerobiidae
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1909:Hemerobioidea
1906:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1753:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1634:(2): 117–286.
1633:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1608:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1573:
1559:on 2018-07-08
1558:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1516:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1487:
1481:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1438:
1425:
1424:
1420:
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1413:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1284:Scudder, 1883
1282:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:Dyspetochrysa
1214:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1191:Asthenochrysa
1188:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1167:Archaeochrysa
1163:
1160:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1139:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1036:Araripechrysa
1032:
1028:Khramov, 2018
1026:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
991:
990:
986:
985:Leucochrysini
983:
978:
977:
973:
970:
965:
964:
960:
957:
952:
951:
947:
944:
943:
942:
938:
931:
922:
921:
917:
915:
914:
910:
907:
903:
902:
898:
893:
892:
888:
886:
882:
881:
877:
875:
874:
870:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
846:
842:
841:
835:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
813:fossil record
810:
802:
798:
797:
792:
785:
781:
780:
775:
769:holotype wing
768:
767:
762:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
716:
715:plesiomorphic
712:
711:Hemerobioidea
709:
705:
701:
693:
689:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
606:
601:
600:
595:
591:
590:cannibalistic
587:
583:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
519:
515:
510:
503:
498:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
466:
462:
458:
455:, are mainly
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
414:
409:
405:
403:
402:
397:
396:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
358:
353:
352:
347:
343:
342:compound eyes
339:
335:
331:
323:
319:
318:
312:
303:
301:
297:
295:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:North America
273:
272:
267:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
247:
243:
240:
237:in the large
236:
232:
224:
223:
218:
214:
210:
205:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
182:Superfamily:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
125:
120:
116:
113:
112:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
2118:
2048:(spoonwings)
1975:Mantispidae
1959:Mantispoidea
1940:(dustywings)
1896:Chrysopidae
1895:
1888:Chrysopoidea
1835:Nevrorthidae
1803:Holometabola
1801:Superorder:
1795:Infraclass:
1724:
1685:
1680:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:(3): 39–114.
1646:
1641:
1631:
1629:(Entomology)
1625:
1607:PDF fulltext
1599:(1): 16–28.
1596:
1591:
1572:
1561:. Retrieved
1557:the original
1552:
1543:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:
1522:
1515:
1509:PDF fulltext
1504:
1499:
1494:
1480:
1472:
1467:
1461:PDF fulltext
1456:
1451:
1423:Tibetochrysa
1421:
1410:
1399:
1388:
1378:
1369:Triplochrysa
1367:
1359:
1346:
1339:
1327:
1314:
1307:
1299:
1295:Tjeder, 1966
1289:
1280:Palaeochrysa
1278:
1257:
1249:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1210:Dictyochrysa
1208:
1199:Cimbrochrysa
1197:
1189:
1178:
1165:
1151:Adamsochrysa
1149:
1122:
1113:
1106:
1096:Mesypochrysa
1094:
1082:
1070:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
997:
992:Seven genera
940:
918:
911:
905:
899:
889:
884:
878:
871:
866:Synthochrysa
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
843:
834:Apochrysinae
821:Chrysopoidea
806:
801:Apochrysinae
794:
777:
764:
750:Chrysopoidea
704:Hemerobiidae
697:
691:
676:
668:
656:
648:
640:
632:
614:
603:
597:
578:
568:
537:caterpillars
522:
513:
502:Mainzer Sand
493:from birds.
469:
452:
418:
399:
393:
372:
367:Adults have
366:
357:Cunctochrysa
355:
349:
334:costal field
327:
315:
299:
291:
287:
283:
269:
263:
241:
230:
229:
209:Apochrysinae
207:
202:Subfamilies
195:
186:Chrysopoidea
109:
18:
2404:Chrysopidae
2288:iNaturalist
2176:Chrysopidae
2163:Chrysopidae
2149:Chrysopidae
2143:Wikispecies
2119:Chrysopidae
1991:Berothidae
1867:Ithonioidea
1719:Chrysopidae
1654:Leucochrysa
1361:Tribochrysa
1259:Nothochrysa
1251:Lithochrysa
1240:Leptochrysa
1141:Navas, 1910
1124:Protochrysa
1072:Drakochrysa
1060:Cretachrysa
1048:Baisochrysa
1009:†Subfamily
988:Adams, 1978
962:Navas, 1913
949:Navas, 1910
937:Chrysopinae
930:Chrysopinae
904:(including
895:Navás, 1913
862:Oligochrysa
850:Anapochrysa
848:(including
809:subfamilies
708:superfamily
602:as well as
599:Chrysoperla
483:integuments
421:crepuscular
419:Adults are
362:prothoracic
324:, Australia
288:Chrysoperla
271:Chrysoperla
242:Chrysopidae
213:Chrysopinae
196:Chrysopidae
2398:Categories
2085:(owlflies)
2077:(antlions)
2067:Nymphidae
1967:Dilaridae
1946:Sisyridae
1875:Ithonidae
1829:(osmylids)
1827:Osmylidae
1789:Subclass:
1779:Arthropoda
1760:Neuroptera
1563:2017-11-13
1534:2017-11-13
1433:References
1427:Yang, 1988
1405:Yang, 1992
1401:Sinochrysa
1390:Danochrysa
1377:Subfamily
1301:Pimachrysa
1291:Pamochrysa
1233:Kimochrysa
1226:Hypochrysa
1180:Asiachrysa
1170:(Eocene -
1136:Subfamily
972:Chrysopini
953:Six genera
928:Subfamily
920:Nothancyla
873:Domenechus
832:Subfamily
734:Osmyloidea
649:Helianthus
645:sunflowers
629:calliopsis
625:Asteraceae
491:camouflage
475:humpbacked
449:arthropods
381:ultrasound
249:Neuroptera
176:Neuroptera
156:Arthropoda
2016:Suborder
1853:Suborder
1791:Pterygota
1771:Kingdom:
1525:(Hubner)"
1353:Paleocene
1313:Peñalver
1172:Oligocene
1011:Limaiinae
913:Nobilinus
906:Claverina
845:Apochrysa
730:Sisyridae
726:Osmylidae
722:monotypic
700:Dilaridae
657:Taraxacum
653:dandelion
633:Coreopsis
569:C. carnea
567:, though
561:temperate
465:nutrients
457:predatory
425:nocturnal
401:C. carnea
294:lacewings
142:Kingdom:
136:Eukaryota
2197:BugGuide
2128:Wikidata
1797:Neoptera
1777:Phylum:
1773:Animalia
1762:families
1459:: 1–58.
1355:, China)
1323:, Spain)
825:Jurassic
738:Mesozoic
692:Chrysopa
677:Angelica
673:angelica
663:such as
661:Apiaceae
659:) – and
553:pupation
549:maxillae
545:antlions
453:Chrysopa
437:honeydew
373:Chrysopa
351:Chrysopa
338:venation
330:tropical
284:Chrysopa
265:Chrysopa
220:and see
192:Family:
152:Phylum:
146:Animalia
132:Domain:
2134:Q623727
1785:Insecta
1783:Class:
1758:Extant
1321:Miocene
891:Lainius
885:Lainius
880:Joguina
858:Nacaura
854:Lauraya
669:Anethum
627:– e.g.
565:prepupa
257:species
244:of the
235:insects
172:Order:
166:Insecta
162:Class:
2381:133993
2368:337148
2352:NZOR:
2319:115081
2306:101546
2241:1CHSAF
1475:(1999)
1473:et al.
1471:Henry
1349:, 2021
1347:et al.
1345:Huang
1317:, 1995
1315:et al.
1159:Eocene
1116:, 2018
1114:et al.
1084:Limaia
901:Loyola
718:larvae
651:) and
641:Cosmos
637:cosmos
557:cocoon
541:larvae
533:aphids
525:aphids
487:aphids
479:thorax
471:Larvae
445:aphids
433:nectar
429:pollen
413:Latvia
346:golden
280:Europe
261:genera
253:genera
239:family
2301:IRMNG
2293:52425
2254:11823
2215:624B9
1817:Basal
817:basal
671:) or
529:moult
518:aphid
441:mites
320:from
246:order
2345:7520
2340:NCBI
2314:ITIS
2280:9265
2275:GBIF
2236:EPPO
2184:BOLD
1457:3587
744:and
665:dill
586:mite
435:and
286:and
278:and
268:and
233:are
222:text
35:PreꞒ
2327:NBN
2228:941
2223:EoL
2210:CoL
2202:140
2189:599
2171:AFD
2158:ADW
1690:doi
1665:doi
1601:doi
1112:Lu
694:sp.
679:).
643:),
635:),
485:of
423:or
379:'s
377:bat
2400::
2378::
2365::
2342::
2329::
2316::
2303::
2290::
2277::
2264::
2251::
2238::
2225::
2212::
2199::
2186::
2173::
2160::
2145::
2130::
1686:34
1661:97
1647:50
1632:59
1597:95
1581:^
1551:.
1527:.
1505:48
1441:^
864:,
860:,
856:,
852:,
752:.
535:,
467:.
443:,
431:,
85:Pg
1751:e
1744:t
1737:v
1692::
1667::
1603::
1566:.
1537:.
1409:†
1387:†
1358:†
1351:(
1338:†
1326:†
1319:(
1306:†
1277:†
1267:†
1248:†
1215:†
1196:†
1177:†
1174:)
1164:†
1157:(
1148:†
1121:†
1105:†
1093:†
1081:†
1069:†
1057:†
1045:†
1033:†
1021:†
908:)
868:)
803:)
799:(
786:)
782:(
675:(
667:(
655:(
647:(
639:(
631:(
296:"
292:"
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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