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611:, Clark had diligently researched the sources covering the war's causes from the German side only to "eliminate with bewildering one-sidedness". Wehler attributed the sales success of the book in Germany to a "deep-seated need , no longer so constrained by the taboos characteristic of the later twentieth century, to free themselves from the burdensome allegations of national war guilt". However, Clark observes that the current German debate about the start of the war is obfuscated by its link to their moral repugnance at the Nazi era.
596:. He instead maps carefully the complex mechanism of events and misjudgements that led to war. There was in 1914 nothing inevitable about the war. Risks inherent in the strategies pursued by the various governments involved had been taken before without catastrophic consequences, which now enabled leaders to follow similar approaches without adequately evaluating or recognising those risks. Among international experts, many saw the presentation by Clark of his research and insights as groundbreaking.
741:, the most senior member of the former dynasty in Germany in the 1920s and the 1930s and the owner of the Hohenzollern properties. However, his report concluded that Wilhelm was "one of the politically most reserved and least compromised persons" of the aristocratic Nazi collaborators and that he was simply too marginal a figure to have been able to give "significant support" to Hitler, a position that supported the Hohenzollerns' claims.
717:
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bandwagon by which throughout the 20th century, mainstream historians placed great emphasis on the "differentness" of
Germany's historical path before and during the 19th century. Clark downplays the perceived uniqueness of the much-vaunted reform agenda, which was pursued by Prussia between 1815 and
526:
was characterised by a peculiar intensity and radicalism, Clark's careful study of sources in several different
European languages enabled him to spell out just how closely the Prussian experience of church-state rivalry resembled events elsewhere in Europe. In that way, the book powerfully rebuts
778:(2003). Brandt and Malinowski provided substantial further evidence of Wilhelm's support for the Nazis that Clark had overlooked. Their two reports leave no doubt about the prince's deep-seated anti-Semitism. During the historical controversy that unfolded in the German press,
736:
if the claimants or their ancestors had not "given substantial support" to the
National Socialist or the East German Communist regimes. Clark acknowledged that expressions of support for the Nazis had been made by the last Kaiser's eldest son,
517:, an award normally given to historians nearing the end of their careers. Clark remains (in 2014) the youngest-ever recipient of the triennial prize and the only winner not to have approached his work as a mother-tongue German-speaker.
675:
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732:, on the Hohenzollern family's relations with the Nazis. The report was in support of the family's claims for compensation under a 1994 German law allowing restitution for the loss of property confiscated by the
480:. His scope has since broadened to embrace more generally the competitive relationships between religious institutions and the state in modern Europe. He is the author of a study of Christian–Jewish relations in
786:, criticised his colleague for not reflecting more carefully before accepting offers to produce expert reports. In 2020, however, Clark claimed to have changed his view and more or less agreed with Malinowski.
1552:
Mit seinen neuen Thesen zum
Kriegsausbruch 1914 provoziert der britische Historiker Christopher Clark heftige Debatten. In Potsdam stellte er sich seinen Kritikern – mit erstaunlichem Ergebnis.
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685:(en: Prussian History Working Group). Since 2009 he has been a member of the PreuĂźische Historische Kommission , and since 2010 a senior advisory (non-voting) member of the
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at
Cambridge. In the birthday honours of June 2015, Clark was knighted on the recommendation of the foreign secretary for his services to Anglo-German relations.
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538:, established in 1834, came to be discovered and then overstated by historians only retrospectively and in the light of much-later political developments.
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In 17 chapters covering 800 pages, Clark contends that
Germany was "not the fulfillment of Prussia's destiny but its downfall". Although the 19th-century
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won several prizes. Its critical reception gave him a public profile that reached beyond the academic world. The German-language version of the book,
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1822:"Short biographical newspaper article on Clark evidencing his membership of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur PreuĂźischen Geschichte"
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as his "research had contributed greatly to German-British relations". The honour was conferred by the German ambassador
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Clark's report was criticised by two historians commissioned by the German state to consider the
Hohenzollern claims:
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588:) followed in 2013. The book challenges the imputation, which had been widely accepted by mainstream scholars since
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229:(born 14 March 1960) is an Australian historian living in the United Kingdom and Germany. He is the twenty-second
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who is the author of the standard work on the relationship between the German aristocracy and the Nazi movement,
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from 1985 to 1987, during what turned out to be the last years of the divided
Germany, gave him an insight into
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documentary programme "Frederick the Great and the Enigma of
Prussia". He also presented and narrated the 2017
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In 2019, Clark was embroiled in controversy surrounding his 2011 report, commissioned by the head of the
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Jewish mission in the
Christian state: Protestant missions to the Jews in 18th- and 19th-century Prussia
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Jewish mission in the Christian state: Protestant missions to the Jews in 18th- and 19th-century Prussia
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Time and Power – Visions of History in German Politics, from the Thirty Years' War to the Third Reich
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In Germany itself, where the book received much critical attention, not all reactions were positive.
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1759:"Christopher Clark's online résumé/cv which includes the dates of various awards and appointments"
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in November 2010. Chris Clark was the first foreigner to be awarded the German Historians' Prize .
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interview in German, originally published in 2013, by Thilo Kößler with Clark about Clark's book
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in Modern European History. His Cambridge University professorship in history followed in 2008.
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contended that Clark's analysis largely disregards the pressure for war coming from Germany's
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http://www.caths.cam.ac.uk/alumni/society/london_branch/downloads/Professor_Chris_Clark.pdf
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The Politics of Conversion: Missionary Protestantism and the Jews in Prussia, 1728–1941
647:, 2003), and the author of numerous articles and essays. Professor Clark presented the
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The Politics of Conversion. Missionary Protestantism and the Jews in Prussia, 1728–1941
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2203:"Germany's ex-royals want their riches back, but past ties to Hitler stand in the way"
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Interview mit Christopher Clark. "Dieser Krieg hat das ganze Jahrhundert entstellt"
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In 2003, Clark was appointed lecturer in Modern European History and, in 2006,
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of a transnational study of secular-clerical conflict in 19th-century Europe (
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2078:"Nanovic Institute awards $ 10,000 Laura Shannon Prize to 'The Sleepwalkers'"
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2123:"Laudatio von Bundestagspräsident Dr. Wolfgang Schäuble auf Christopher..."
1469:"Nicht die ErfĂĽllung PreuĂźens, sondern sein Verderben". Christopher Clark:
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Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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Faculty of History: Academic Staff: Further Details: Dr Christopher Clark
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Since 1998, Clark has been a series-editor of the scholarly book series
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2023:"Jacket Copy: The winners of the Los Angeles Times Book Prizes are ..."
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1848, and believes that the political and economic significance of the
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at the University of Cambridge and, since 1991, has been a fellow of
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Culture Wars: Secular-Catholic Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Europe
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Culture Wars. Catholic-Secular Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Europe
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2154:(in German). Presse- und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung. 2019
1875:"PreuĂźen-Historiker Clark rudert zurĂĽck: Kampf um das Tafelsilber"
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1001:. Oxford Clarendon Press & New York: Oxford University Press.
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In October 2010, Germany awarded Clark the Officer's Cross of the
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1016:
1236:— (22 November 2018). "This Is a Reality, Not a Threat".
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2050:"Keith Lowe awarded the PEN Hessell-Tiltman Prize for history"
1965:[Wulff awards Historians' Prize to Australian Clark].
358:
from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
1643:"Julikrise und Kriegsschuld – Thesen und Stand der Forschung"
1568:
Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs: Die Selbstzerstörung Europas
1322:"Birthday Honours 2015 Diplomatic Service and Overseas List"
1427:
1701:"BBC Four – Frederick the Great and the Enigma of Prussia"
1410:"Professor Christopher Clark, Regius Professor of History"
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Members of the University of Cambridge faculty of history
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1908:
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Revolutionary Spring – Fighting for a New World 1848–1849
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Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
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Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
833:
Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
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Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
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Die Schlafwandler: Wie Europa in den Ersten Weltkrieg zog
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Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
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Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
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1669:. "Beginn einer neuen Epoche der Weltkriegsgeschichte",
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Another German award was bestowed on Clark for his book
288:, where he is currently Director of Studies in History.
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Prisoners of Time – Prussians, Germans and Other Humans
755:, a specialist in Prussia and imperial Germany at the
1963:"Wulff verleiht Historikerpreis an Australier Clark"
1252:
Future War: Preparing for the New Global Battlefield
865:
during a reception at his official London residence.
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584:, appeared in English in 2012; the German version (
252:
2174:"Sir Christopher Clark awarded honorary doctorate"
1796:Contemporary Authors Online – Biography in Context
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1522:
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1476:
852:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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1597:The Sleepwalkers. How Europe Went to War in 1914
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1508:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
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1097:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
887:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went To War In 1914
582:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
572:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
565:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
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2020:
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1595:Richard J. Evans. Review of Christopher Clark,
458:, with his earlier researches concentrating on
2890:Recipients of the Pour le MĂ©rite (civil class)
2047:
1802:. 2010. Gale Document Number: GALE H1000196693
1557:
824:2007 H-Soz-u-Kult prize "Das historische Buch"
676:Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur PreuĂźischen Geschichte
19:For other people named Christopher Clark, see
2286:
1997:
704:. In 2010, Clark was elected a member of the
592:, of a peculiar "war guilt" attaching to the
280:from 1987 to 1991. He is Professor in Modern
2880:Fellows of St Catharine's College, Cambridge
2148:"Orden Pour le mérite wählt neue Mitglieder"
1911:, 16 February 2014. Accessed 1 October 2017
1894:"1914/2014 – Lernen wir aus der Geschichte?"
1775:
1746:
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1471:Preußen. Aufstieg und Niedergang. 1600–1947.
1356:. September 1992. p. 18. Archived from
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466:as well as the power struggle, known as the
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939:2024 Doctorate of Letters (honoris causa),
2925:Expatriate academics in the United Kingdom
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1845:
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1089:Preußen: Aufstieg und Niedergang 1600–1947
870:Preußen: Aufstieg und Niedergang 1600–1947
504:Preußen. Aufstieg und Niedergang 1600–1947
351:about living persons that is unsourced or
48:
1872:
1065:Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
808:
498:Clark's best-selling history of Prussia,
422:Learn how and when to remove this message
2995:People educated at Sydney Grammar School
2990:Regius Professors of History (Cambridge)
2101:
1347:"The Governing Body's Invitation Dinner"
1316:
1314:
839:New South Wales Premier's History Awards
715:
618:
454:Clark's academic focus started with the
2111:(Supplement). 13 June 2015. p. B2.
2000:"Ann Applebaum wins 2013 Cundill Prize"
1873:Fanizadeh, Andreas (12 December 2020).
1840:
1533:Besessen von der deutschen Kriegsschuld
1354:St Catharine's College Society Magazine
784:Regius Professor of History (Cambridge)
16:Australian historian working in England
2862:
560:'s three-volume biography of Wilhelm.
434:As he acknowledges in the foreword to
309:
2905:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge
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2256:Cambridge Regius Professor of History
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994:
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576:Clark's study of the outbreak of the
2985:20th-century Australian male writers
2205:by Scott McLean and Nadine Schmidt,
1852:"What Do the Hohenzollerns Deserve?"
1529:Berthold Seewald (25 October 2013).
935:Pour le MĂ©rite for Sciences and Arts
929:European Prize for Political Culture
829:Queensland Premier's Literary Awards
672:Australian Academy of the Humanities
541:
313:
1028:. Harlow, England, & New York:
548:With his critical biography of the
265:(where he studied history) and the
13:
2940:20th-century Australian historians
2935:21st-century Australian historians
2196:
1998:Press Release (21 November 2013).
1975:. 11 November 2010. Archived from
1026:Kaiser Wilhelm II: A Life in Power
730:Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia
687:German Historical Institute London
21:Christopher Clark (disambiguation)
14:
3006:
2950:Australian historians of religion
2915:Australian expatriates in Germany
2910:Australian expatriates in England
2213:
2021:Carolyn Kellogg (11 April 2014).
1632:"1914: Nun schlittern sie wieder"
1564:Andreas Kilb (9 September 2013).
1091:by Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 2007
953:Clark, Christopher Munro (1991).
635:Clark is also the co-editor with
214:Cambridge Faculty of History page
200:St Catharine's College, Cambridge
2895:Free University of Berlin alumni
2076:Monica Caro (26 February 2015).
1657:64 (2014), no. 16/17, pp. 10–17.
1202:. Cambridge, UK & New York:
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253:Education and academic positions
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2069:
2048:Felicity Capon (8 April 2013).
2041:
2014:
1991:
1955:
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664:New Studies in European History
605:powerful military establishment
449:
298:In September 2014 he succeeded
2980:Fellows of the British Academy
1672:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1647:Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte
1575:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1463:
1402:
1375:
1339:
1130:. Princeton University Press.
995:Clark, Christopher M. (1995).
674:and a prominent member of the
272:Clark received his PhD at the
1:
1675:, 6 May 2014, no. 104, p. 10
1605:, 6 February 2014, pp. 14–17.
1292:
625:German Historians' Convention
614:
1857:The New York Review of Books
1641:. See also Annika Mombauer.
1602:The New York Review of Books
1248:The Future of War: A History
1239:The New York Review of Books
1063:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
893:Los Angeles Times Book Prize
837:2007 General History Prize,
770:, a German historian at the
329:biography of a living person
7:
2965:Australian male biographers
2920:Australian Knights Bachelor
2900:University of Sydney alumni
356:must be removed immediately
304:Regius Professor of History
231:Regius Professor of History
222:Sir Christopher Munro Clark
158:Pembroke College, Cambridge
10:
3011:
1619:"ZĂĽndschnur am Pulverfass"
1204:Cambridge University Press
734:German Democratic Republic
691:Otto-von-Bismarck-Stiftung
668:Cambridge University Press
645:Cambridge University Press
569:
476:'s Prussian state and the
276:, having been a member of
18:
2955:Historians of World War I
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1952:Accessed 27 January 2014
831:, History Book Award for
782:, Clark's predecessor as
712:Controversy and criticism
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153:Free University of Berlin
137:
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128:
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93:
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54:Christopher Clark in 2013
47:
30:
2975:20th-century biographers
2970:21st-century biographers
2412:F. S. L. Lyons
2408:R. J. W. Evans
2178:The University of Sydney
1250:, and Robert H. Latiff,
1087:Published in Germany as
670:. He is a Fellow of the
508:German Historians' Prize
267:Freie Universität Berlin
2450:Richard Davenport-Hines
2224:University of Cambridge
1899:5 November 2017 at the
1862:(subscription required)
1639:(subscription required)
1628:(subscription required)
1436:, pp. iii, iv, xi.
961:University of Cambridge
772:University of Edinburgh
274:University of Cambridge
261:from 1972 to 1978, the
235:University of Cambridge
64:Christopher Munro Clark
2960:Australian biographers
1791:"Christopher M. Clark"
895:(History), winner for
809:Awards and decorations
721:
632:
343:Please help by adding
286:St Catharine's College
257:Clark was educated at
247:Anglo-German relations
2945:Historians of Germany
2303:Wolfson History Prize
1968:Augsburger Allgemeine
1880:Die Tageszeitung: Taz
903:Hessell-Tiltman Prize
816:Wolfson History Prize
719:
622:
506:, won Clark the 2010
259:Sydney Grammar School
239:2015 Birthday Honours
123:Wolfson History Prize
2801:Christopher de Hamel
1905:Richard David Precht
1626:, 17 September 2013
1414:Cambridge University
941:University of Sydney
872:by German President
794:Clark and his wife,
776:Vom König zum Führer
536:German customs union
349:Contentious material
263:University of Sydney
245:for his services to
147:University of Sydney
2836:Sudhir Hazareesingh
2775:Catherine Merridale
2714:Margaret M. McGowan
2660:Diarmaid MacCulloch
2513:Donald Cameron Watt
2509:Richard A. Fletcher
2209:, 26 September 2020
2126:Deutscher Bundestag
2055:The Daily Telegraph
2002:. McGill University
1931:on 29 December 2012
1724:The Story of Europe
1690:, pp. 560–561.
1273:Planet of Treasures
913:Laura Shannon Prize
757:University of Hagen
657:The Story of Europe
371:"Christopher Clark"
310:Professional career
269:from 1985 to 1987.
133:Academic background
2795:Nikolaus Wachsmann
2765:Christopher Duggan
2152:bundesregierung.de
2108:The London Gazette
1854:by David Motadel,
1667:Hans-Ulrich Wehler
1637:, 16 January 2014
1630:; Volker Ullrich.
761:Stephan Malinowski
722:
633:
623:Clark at the 50th
609:Hans-Ulrich Wehler
550:last German Kaiser
462:and on Judaism in
456:history of Prussia
327:This section of a
185:Jonathan Steinberg
2857:
2856:
2771:Cyprian Broodbank
2755:Alexandra Walsham
2735:Jonathan Sumption
2686:Christopher Clark
2642:William Dalrymple
2418:J. W. Burrow
2347:Frances Donaldson
2269:
2268:
2241:Academic offices
2229:Christopher Clark
2027:Los Angeles Times
1979:on 7 January 2015
1828:on 19 August 2014
1734:. 1 December 2018
1244:Lawrence Freedman
1137:978-0-691-18165-3
1110:978-0-7139-9942-6
856:Georg Boomgaarden
805:, have two sons.
554:Kaiser Wilhelm II
543:Kaiser Wilhelm II
432:
431:
424:
406:
332:needs additional
219:
218:
80:Sydney, Australia
37:Christopher Clark
3002:
2785:Alexander Watson
2565:H. C. G. Matthew
2539:Robert Skidelsky
2367:Denis Mack Smith
2357:Nikolaus Pevsner
2295:
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2249:Richard J. Evans
2246:Preceded by
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1927:. Archived from
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1835:
1833:
1824:. Archived from
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1793:
1786:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1763:
1755:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1697:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1640:
1629:
1612:
1606:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1387:, archived from
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1351:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1318:
1309:
1303:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1276:(as presenter).
1270:— (2020).
1259:
1225:
1181:
1164:— (2023).
1160:
1145:— (2021).
1141:
1126:— (2019).
1122:
1095:— (2012).
1086:
1062:
1055:— (2006).
1051:
1024:— (2000).
1020:
984:
982:
980:
971:. Archived from
969:0000000135530317
917:The Sleepwalkers
907:The Sleepwalkers
905:, shortlist for
897:The Sleepwalkers
885:, finalist, for
864:
804:
780:Richard J. Evans
769:
754:
699:
684:
527:the traditional
516:
427:
420:
416:
413:
407:
405:
364:
345:reliable sources
322:
321:
314:
300:Richard J. Evans
282:European History
278:Pembroke College
228:
181:Doctoral advisor
106:
77:
73:
71:
52:
28:
27:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:Halik Kochanski
2818:
2745:Nicholas Thomas
2719:
2596:
2581:Patricia Hollis
2559:John C. G. Röhl
2555:Fiona MacCarthy
2545:Robert Bartlett
2497:
2464:Jonathan Israel
2396:
2387:Quentin Skinner
2341:Theodore Zeldin
2305:
2301:Winners of the
2299:
2259:
2251:
2216:
2199:
2197:Further reading
2194:
2193:
2183:
2181:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2157:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2100:
2096:
2086:
2084:
2082:Notre Dame News
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2019:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1925:"h-net.msu.edu"
1923:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1901:Wayback Machine
1892:
1888:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1850:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1788:
1787:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1665:
1661:
1649:
1638:
1627:
1613:
1609:
1599:(London 2013).
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1562:
1558:
1545:
1543:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1504:Deutschlandfunk
1494:
1493:
1489:
1481:
1477:
1468:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1394:
1392:
1391:on 19 July 2011
1381:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1282:
1280:
1269:
1235:
1214:
1196:, eds. (2003).
1194:Kaiser, Wolfram
1191:
1178:
1163:
1157:
1144:
1138:
1125:
1111:
1075:
1040:
1009:
978:
976:
949:
923:Knight Bachelor
874:Christian Wulff
858:
811:
798:
792:
763:
748:
714:
706:British Academy
693:
678:
617:
607:. According to
578:First World War
574:
568:
546:
510:
496:
478:Catholic Church
452:
428:
417:
411:
408:
365:
363:
342:
323:
319:
312:
255:
224:
163:
100:
81:
78:
75:
69:
67:
66:
65:
55:
43:
38:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3008:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2830:David Abulafia
2826:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2810:
2807:Peter Marshall
2804:
2798:
2791:Robin Lane Fox
2788:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2731:Dominic Lieven
2727:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2707:
2697:
2683:
2673:
2670:David Reynolds
2663:
2656:Julian Jackson
2652:Frances Harris
2649:
2639:
2632:Barry Cunliffe
2629:
2615:
2612:Andrew Roberts
2604:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2591:Amanda Vickery
2584:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2552:
2549:Barbara Harvey
2542:
2532:
2522:
2516:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2485:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2447:
2440:Antonia Fraser
2437:
2430:Martin Gilbert
2427:
2424:John McManners
2421:
2415:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2380:
2377:Alistair Horne
2374:
2364:
2354:
2344:
2334:
2324:
2317:Michael Howard
2313:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2226:
2215:
2214:External links
2212:
2211:
2210:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2165:
2139:
2114:
2094:
2068:
2040:
2013:
1990:
1954:
1942:
1916:
1886:
1865:
1839:
1813:
1774:
1745:
1713:
1692:
1680:
1659:
1615:Volker Ullrich
1607:
1588:
1556:
1521:
1487:
1475:
1462:
1450:
1438:
1426:
1401:
1374:
1363:on 5 July 2023
1338:
1310:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1261:
1260:
1227:
1226:
1212:
1183:
1182:
1176:
1161:
1155:
1142:
1136:
1123:
1109:
1092:
1073:
1052:
1038:
1021:
1007:
986:
985:
975:on 5 July 2023
959:(PhD thesis).
948:
945:
944:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
909:
899:
889:
879:
878:
877:
866:
845:
835:
825:
822:
810:
807:
791:
788:
713:
710:
637:Wolfram Kaiser
616:
613:
601:Volker Ullrich
570:Main article:
567:
562:
545:
540:
495:
490:
451:
448:
444:German history
430:
429:
353:poorly sourced
326:
324:
317:
311:
308:
254:
251:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
171:
165:
164:
162:
161:
155:
150:
143:
141:
135:
134:
130:
129:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
39:
36:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3007:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Living people
2868:
2867:
2865:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2842:Clare Jackson
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2814:
2813:Mary Fulbrook
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2781:Richard Vinen
2779:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2761:Susan Brigden
2759:
2756:
2752:
2751:Susie Harries
2749:
2746:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2704:Rosemary Hill
2701:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2680:Chris Wickham
2677:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:Richard Overy
2664:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2646:Robert Gildea
2643:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2608:Joanna Bourke
2606:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2588:
2587:Antony Beevor
2585:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:Orlando Figes
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2489:
2488:Richard Evans
2486:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2460:J. H. Elliott
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2331:Frances Yates
2328:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2265:
2260:2014–present
2258:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2180:. 27 May 2024
2179:
2175:
2169:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2127:
2124:
2118:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2098:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2044:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1974:
1971:(in German).
1970:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1951:
1946:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1869:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1733:
1732:
1731:SBS On Demand
1727:
1725:
1717:
1702:
1696:
1689:
1684:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1636:
1633:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1592:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1560:
1553:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1525:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1491:
1484:
1479:
1472:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1342:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1213:0-521-80997-5
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1179:
1177:9780241347669
1173:
1169:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1156:9780141997315
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1074:0-674-02385-4
1070:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1039:0-582-24559-1
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1008:0-19-820456-6
1004:
1000:
999:
993:
992:
991:
990:
989:Books written
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:
951:
950:
942:
938:
936:
932:
930:
926:
924:
920:
918:
914:
910:
908:
904:
900:
898:
894:
890:
888:
884:
883:Cundill Prize
880:
875:
871:
867:
862:
857:
853:
849:
848:
846:
844:
840:
836:
834:
830:
826:
823:
821:
817:
813:
812:
806:
802:
797:
790:Personal life
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
767:
762:
758:
752:
747:
742:
740:
735:
731:
727:
720:Clark in 2019
718:
709:
707:
703:
702:Friedrichsruh
697:
692:
688:
682:
677:
673:
669:
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
643:, Cambridge:
642:
638:
630:
626:
621:
612:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
594:German Empire
591:
587:
583:
579:
573:
566:
561:
559:
558:J. C. G. Röhl
555:
551:
544:
539:
537:
532:
531:
525:
524:
518:
514:
509:
505:
501:
494:
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:
465:
461:
457:
447:
446:and society.
445:
441:
437:
426:
423:
415:
404:
401:
397:
394:
390:
387:
383:
380:
376:
373: –
372:
368:
367:Find sources:
361:
357:
354:
350:
346:
340:
339:
335:
330:
325:
316:
315:
307:
305:
301:
296:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
215:
212:
208:
204:
201:
198:
194:
191:Academic work
189:
186:
183:
179:
175:
172:
170:
166:
159:
156:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
142:
140:
136:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
76:(age 64)
74:14 March 1960
62:
58:
51:
46:
42:
34:
29:
26:
22:
2685:
2676:Evelyn Welch
2622:Mark Mazower
2535:Linda Colley
2529:Alan Bullock
2492:Paul Kennedy
2480:
2444:Maurice Keen
2434:Kenneth Rose
2383:Richard Cobb
2371:Simon Schama
2361:Norman Stone
2351:Olwen Hufton
2337:Moses Finley
2327:W. L. Warren
2321:Keith Thomas
2263:
2254:
2182:. Retrieved
2177:
2168:
2156:. Retrieved
2151:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2125:
2117:
2106:
2097:
2085:. Retrieved
2081:
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2053:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2025:
2016:
2004:. Retrieved
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1977:the original
1966:
1957:
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1929:the original
1919:
1889:
1878:
1868:
1855:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:the original
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1795:
1765:. Retrieved
1736:. Retrieved
1729:
1723:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1695:
1683:
1670:
1662:
1645:
1634:
1621:
1610:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1579:. Retrieved
1573:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1544:. Retrieved
1538:
1532:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1507:
1497:
1490:
1478:
1473:2007, p. 13.
1470:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:. Retrieved
1404:
1393:, retrieved
1389:the original
1383:
1377:
1365:. Retrieved
1358:the original
1353:
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1301:
1281:. Retrieved
1272:
1263:
1262:
1258:(18): 53–54.
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:(reviews of
1237:
1229:
1228:
1198:
1186:Books edited
1185:
1184:
1166:
1146:
1127:
1096:
1088:
1058:
1025:
997:
988:
987:
977:. Retrieved
973:the original
955:
947:Publications
916:
906:
896:
886:
869:
842:
832:
819:
818:awarded for
796:Nina LĂĽbbren
793:
775:
746:Peter Brandt
743:
726:Hohenzollern
723:
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2741:Ruth Harris
2700:John Darwin
2690:Vic Gatrell
2636:Jerry White
2618:Ian Kershaw
2577:John Brewer
2519:Colin Platt
2474:John Pemble
2470:Rees Davies
2391:Mary Soames
2184:6 September
2128:(in German)
2103:"No. 61256"
2006:24 December
1913:(in German)
1806:30 November
1798:. Detroit:
1706:30 November
1677:(in German)
1650: [
1581:15 December
1546:15 December
1395:30 November
1331:5 September
1170:. Penguin.
1149:. Penguin.
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689:and of the
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523:Kulturkampf
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469:Kulturkampf
440:West Berlin
101: [
86:Nationality
2864:Categories
2710:Mary Beard
2694:Adam Tooze
2626:Roy Porter
2525:John Bossy
2454:John Grigg
1935:1 February
1688:Clark 2012
1483:Clark 2000
1458:Clark 2006
1446:Clark 1995
1434:Clark 2006
1306:Clark 1991
1293:References
1222:2003273877
1119:2012515665
1101:Allen Lane
1099:. London:
1083:2006043076
615:Other work
472:, between
382:newspapers
139:Alma mater
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2264:Incumbent
1983:7 January
1738:10 August
1283:5 October
629:Göttingen
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412:July 2023
334:citations
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237:. In the
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2158:3 August
2132:8 August
2033:14 April
1897:Archived
1635:Die Zeit
1623:Die Zeit
1540:Die Welt
1327:. gov.uk
1230:Articles
1048:00030939
1017:95154541
728:family,
649:BBC Four
474:Bismarck
360:libelous
243:knighted
114:Two sons
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2160:2019
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2008:2013
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1973:dpa
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