125:
68:
330:
538:
186:
27:
473:
is active not only if people feel disgusted, but also if they see someone else being disgusted. Together this indicated a general principle in which people process the actions, sensations and emotions of others by vicariously activating their own actions, sensations and emotions. Jointly, this work
482:
where they provided evidence for abnormal activity in somatosensory, motor and limbic brain structures in patients with abnormal empathy and that rats experience distress when they witnessed another animal in distress. This showed that rats can experience
1018:
Bastiaansen, Jojanneke A.; Thioux, Marc; Nanetti, Luca; van der Gaag, Christiaan; Ketelaars, Cees; Minderaa, Ruud; Keysers, Christian (2011). "Age-Related
Increase in Inferior Frontal Gyrus Activity and Social Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder".
214:
800:
Kohler, E.; Keysers, Christian; Umilta, M.A.; Fogassi, L.; Gallese, Vittorio; Rizzolatti, G. (2002). "Hearing sounds, understanding actions: action representation in mirror neurons".
1421:
513:, that respond both when a rat experiences pain and when it witnesses another animal experience pain, providing the first systematic evidence for the presence of emotional
1381:
1411:
449:, and described cells that respond when the monkey views particular faces in a way that correlates with conscious perception. After that, he moved to the
1406:
1376:
747:
Keysers, Christian; Kohler, E.; Umilta, M.A.; Nanetti, L.; Fogassi, L.; Gallese, Vittorio (2003). "Audiovisual mirror neurons and action recognition".
654:
218:
1127:
Atsak, Piray; Orre, Marie; Bakker, Petra; Cerliani, Leonardo; Roozendaal, Benno; Gazzola, Valeria; Moita, Marta; Keysers, Christian (2011).
521:. The team also showed that rats are averse to harming other rats, and that this also depends on the same region of the cingulate cortex.
1259:
Hernandez-Lallement, Julen; Attah, Augustine
Triumph; Soyman, Efe; Pinhal, Cindy M.; Gazzola, Valeria; Keysers, Christian (2020).
1386:
546:
493:
In 2010, Keysers moved to the
Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN) where he is currently a department head and leads the
194:
609:
268:
1401:
378:
581:
240:
1416:
662:
434:
588:
247:
422:
40:
986:
628:
305:
287:
167:
106:
54:
646:
595:
254:
1426:
1396:
1391:
134:
84:
77:
577:
505:. His team uncovered a mechanism responsible for emotional contagion by showing that rats have neurons in the
236:
1295:
1194:
Carrillo, Maria; Han, Yinging; Migliorati, Filippo; Liu, Ming; Gazzola, Valeria; Keysers, Christian (2019).
469:
is active not only when you are being touched, but also if you see someone else being touched, and that the
562:
210:
959:
Keysers, Christian; Gazzola, Valeria (2006). "Towards a unifying neural theory of social cognition".
642:
969:
861:
Keysers, Christian; Wicker, Bruno; Gazzola, V.; Anton, J.L.; Fogassi, L.; Gallese, Vittorio (2004).
822:
761:
551:
438:
199:
910:
Wicker, Bruno; Keysers, Christian; Plailly, J.; Royet, J.P.; Gallese, V.; Rizzolatti, G. (2003).
555:
502:
479:
465:. He then expanded the notion of mirror neurons to emotions and sensations, by showing that your
402:
203:
1366:
1072:"Reduced spontaneous but relatively normal deliberate vicarious representations in psychopathy"
964:
817:
756:
602:
426:
418:
414:
261:
138:
88:
46:
1371:
1272:
1252:
1207:
1140:
809:
466:
912:"Both of us disgusted in My insula: the common neural basis of seeing and feeling disgust"
149:
8:
1342:
704:
Keysers, Christian; Xiao, D.K.; Foldiak, P.; Perrett, D.I. (2001). "The speed of sight".
650:
518:
484:
450:
1276:
1211:
1144:
813:
1316:
1236:
1195:
1171:
1128:
1104:
1071:
1052:
941:
892:
843:
782:
729:
978:
928:
911:
879:
862:
1320:
1308:
1300:
1241:
1223:
1176:
1158:
1109:
1091:
1044:
1036:
1000:
992:
982:
933:
884:
835:
774:
721:
658:
1056:
863:"A touching sight: SII/PV activation during the observation and experience of touch"
847:
1290:
1280:
1231:
1215:
1166:
1148:
1099:
1083:
1032:
1028:
974:
923:
896:
874:
827:
786:
766:
733:
713:
506:
1070:
Meffert, H.; Gazzola, V.; den Boer, J. A.; Bartels, A. A. J.; Keysers, C. (2013).
945:
1187:
1153:
442:
225:
83:
It may require cleanup to comply with
Knowledge's content policies, particularly
1346:
657:. He is a recipient of the Marie Curie Excellence Award and is a member of the
565:. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced
498:
478:. In 2004, Keysers and collaborator Gazzola opened the Social Brain Lab at the
470:
462:
458:
454:
390:
1285:
1260:
1219:
770:
1360:
1304:
1227:
1162:
1095:
1040:
996:
514:
446:
430:
831:
717:
145:
1312:
1245:
1180:
1113:
1087:
1048:
1004:
937:
888:
839:
778:
725:
510:
517:
in the mammalian brain. Deactivating this brain region greatly reduced
406:
1129:"Experience Modulates Vicarious Freezing in Rats: A Model for Empathy"
1258:
1017:
329:
1337:
1196:"Emotional Mirror Neurons in the Rat's Anterior Cingulate Cortex"
494:
488:
475:
410:
1351:
963:. Progress in Brain Research. Vol. 156. pp. 379–401.
688:
524:
He has recently published a book called 'The
Empathic Brain'.
224:
from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
1069:
474:
laid the foundation of the neuroscientific investigation of
799:
746:
909:
860:
703:
1193:
1126:
453:
where he was part of the team that discovered auditory
1261:"Harm to Others Acts as a Negative Reinforcer in Rats"
76:
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
1422:
1011:
501:
Valeria
Gazzola. He is also a full professor at the
1296:20.500.11755/ee7ae8ac-7393-4276-84ce-1bad1b8e5e0d
1063:
952:
1358:
655:Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
682:
680:
678:
958:
1382:Academic staff of the University of Amsterdam
437:. He then started his research career at the
1412:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
675:
425:, the Shepens eye research Institute of the
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1338:Website of the social brain lab at the NIN
854:
740:
697:
328:
217:about living persons that is unsourced or
148:. Please do not remove this message until
1407:University of Massachusetts Boston alumni
1377:Academic staff of the University of Parma
1294:
1284:
1235:
1170:
1152:
1120:
1103:
968:
927:
903:
878:
821:
760:
629:Learn how and when to remove this message
306:Learn how and when to remove this message
288:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
107:Learn how and when to remove this message
401:He finished his school education at the
144:Relevant discussion may be found on the
16:French-German neuroscientist (born 1973)
1352:Website for the book The Empathic Brain
686:
396:
1359:
379:Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
663:Association for Psychological Science
435:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
531:
527:
179:
118:
61:
20:
687:Keysers, Christian (23 June 2011).
13:
423:University of Massachusetts Boston
14:
1438:
1331:
36:This article has multiple issues.
1206:(8). Elsevier BV: 1301–1312.e6.
536:
184:
123:
87:. Please discuss further on the
66:
25:
44:or discuss these issues on the
1387:Alumni of the European Schools
1271:(6). Elsevier BV: 949–961.e7.
1033:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.11.007
793:
647:Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
441:by investigating cells in the
1:
1402:University of Konstanz alumni
979:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)56021-2
929:10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00679-2
880:10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00156-4
668:
1417:Members of Academia Europaea
1154:10.1371/journal.pone.0021855
653:, and the VICI grant of the
547:biography of a living person
195:biography of a living person
7:
567:must be removed immediately
222:must be removed immediately
150:conditions to do so are met
10:
1443:
1286:10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.017
1220:10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.024
771:10.1007/s00221-003-1603-5
643:European Research Council
641:Keysers has received the
374:
366:
358:
336:
327:
320:
1345:publications indexed by
649:Excellence Grant of the
645:consolidator grant, the
439:University of St Andrews
832:10.1126/science.1070311
718:10.1162/089892901564199
509:, a region involved in
503:University of Amsterdam
480:University of Groningen
403:European School, Munich
389:is a French and German
1427:Studienstiftung alumni
1397:German neuroscientists
1392:French neuroscientists
961:Understanding Emotions
561:Please help by adding
427:Harvard Medical School
419:Ruhr University Bochum
415:University of Konstanz
209:Please help by adding
1021:Biological Psychiatry
693:. Social Brain Press.
556:references or sources
85:neutral point of view
1088:10.1093/brain/awt190
661:and a fellow of the
467:somatosensory cortex
397:Education and career
215:Contentious material
1277:2020CBio...30E.949H
1212:2019CBio...29E1301C
1145:2011PLoSO...621855A
814:2002Sci...297..846K
651:European Commission
578:"Christian Keysers"
519:emotional contagion
487:, a predecessor of
485:emotional contagion
451:University of Parma
237:"Christian Keysers"
137:of this article is
690:The Empathic Brain
545:This section of a
1343:Christian Keysers
659:Academia Europaea
639:
638:
631:
613:
528:Awards and grants
387:Christian Keysers
384:
383:
362:German and French
341:Christian Keysers
322:Christian Keysers
316:
315:
308:
298:
297:
290:
272:
198:needs additional
178:
177:
170:
117:
116:
109:
80:with its subject.
59:
1434:
1325:
1324:
1298:
1288:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1174:
1156:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1107:
1082:(8): 2550–2562.
1067:
1061:
1060:
1015:
1009:
1008:
972:
956:
950:
949:
931:
907:
901:
900:
882:
858:
852:
851:
825:
797:
791:
790:
764:
744:
738:
737:
701:
695:
694:
684:
634:
627:
623:
620:
614:
612:
571:
563:reliable sources
540:
539:
532:
507:cingulate cortex
495:Social Brain Lab
429:as well as with
354:
350:
348:
332:
318:
317:
311:
304:
293:
286:
282:
279:
273:
271:
230:
211:reliable sources
188:
187:
180:
173:
166:
162:
159:
153:
127:
126:
119:
112:
105:
101:
98:
92:
78:close connection
70:
69:
62:
51:
29:
28:
21:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1357:
1356:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1265:Current Biology
1257:
1253:
1200:Current Biology
1192:
1188:
1125:
1121:
1068:
1064:
1016:
1012:
989:
970:10.1.1.132.4591
957:
953:
908:
904:
859:
855:
823:10.1.1.177.3161
808:(5582): 846–8.
798:
794:
762:10.1.1.387.3307
745:
741:
706:J Cogn Neurosci
702:
698:
685:
676:
671:
635:
624:
618:
615:
572:
570:
560:
541:
537:
530:
443:temporal cortex
399:
352:
346:
344:
343:
342:
323:
312:
301:
300:
299:
294:
283:
277:
274:
231:
229:
208:
189:
185:
174:
163:
157:
154:
143:
128:
124:
113:
102:
96:
93:
82:
71:
67:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1440:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1347:Google Scholar
1340:
1333:
1332:External links
1330:
1327:
1326:
1251:
1186:
1119:
1062:
1027:(9): 832–838.
1010:
987:
951:
902:
853:
792:
739:
696:
673:
672:
670:
667:
637:
636:
619:September 2023
544:
542:
535:
529:
526:
515:mirror neurons
499:neuroscientist
497:together with
471:insular cortex
463:macaque monkey
459:frontal cortex
455:mirror neurons
398:
395:
391:neuroscientist
382:
381:
376:
372:
371:
368:
364:
363:
360:
356:
355:
340:
338:
334:
333:
325:
324:
321:
314:
313:
296:
295:
278:September 2023
219:poorly sourced
192:
190:
183:
176:
175:
131:
129:
122:
115:
114:
74:
72:
65:
60:
34:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1439:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:Living people
1365:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:(7): e21855.
1138:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
988:9780444521828
984:
980:
976:
971:
966:
962:
955:
947:
943:
939:
935:
930:
925:
922:(3): 655–64.
921:
917:
913:
906:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
876:
873:(2): 335–46.
872:
868:
864:
857:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
824:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
796:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
758:
755:(4): 628–36.
754:
750:
749:Exp Brain Res
743:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
712:(1): 90–101.
711:
707:
700:
692:
691:
683:
681:
679:
674:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
633:
630:
622:
611:
608:
604:
601:
597:
594:
590:
587:
583:
580: –
579:
575:
574:Find sources:
568:
564:
558:
557:
553:
548:
543:
534:
533:
525:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
490:
486:
481:
477:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
447:David Perrett
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:Marvin Minsky
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
394:
392:
388:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:(age 51)
339:
335:
331:
326:
319:
310:
307:
292:
289:
281:
270:
267:
263:
260:
256:
253:
249:
246:
242:
239: –
238:
234:
233:Find sources:
227:
223:
220:
216:
212:
206:
205:
201:
196:
191:
182:
181:
172:
169:
161:
151:
147:
141:
140:
136:
130:
121:
120:
111:
108:
100:
90:
86:
81:
79:
73:
64:
63:
58:
56:
49:
48:
43:
42:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1024:
1020:
1013:
960:
954:
919:
915:
905:
870:
866:
856:
805:
801:
795:
752:
748:
742:
709:
705:
699:
689:
640:
625:
616:
606:
599:
592:
585:
573:
566:
549:
523:
492:
405:and studied
400:
386:
385:
351:27 June 1973
302:
284:
275:
265:
258:
251:
244:
232:
221:
204:verification
197:
164:
155:
133:
103:
94:
75:
52:
45:
39:
38:Please help
35:
18:
1372:1973 births
511:nociception
359:Nationality
1361:Categories
669:References
589:newspapers
407:psychology
367:Occupation
347:1973-06-27
248:newspapers
135:neutrality
41:improve it
1321:212424287
1305:0960-9822
1228:0960-9822
1163:1932-6203
1096:0006-8950
1041:0006-3223
997:0079-6123
965:CiteSeerX
818:CiteSeerX
757:CiteSeerX
550:does not
370:Scientist
200:citations
158:July 2016
146:talk page
97:July 2016
89:talk page
47:talk page
1313:32142701
1246:30982647
1181:21765921
1133:PLOS ONE
1114:23884812
1057:32646657
1049:21310395
1005:17015092
938:14642287
889:15091347
848:16923101
840:12161656
779:12937876
726:11224911
375:Employer
226:libelous
139:disputed
1273:Bibcode
1237:6488290
1208:Bibcode
1172:3135600
1141:Bibcode
1105:3722356
897:1414735
810:Bibcode
802:Science
787:7704309
734:9433619
603:scholar
552:include
489:empathy
476:empathy
461:of the
457:in the
433:at the
413:at the
411:biology
262:scholar
1319:
1311:
1303:
1244:
1234:
1226:
1179:
1169:
1161:
1112:
1102:
1094:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1003:
995:
985:
967:
946:766157
944:
936:
916:Neuron
895:
887:
867:Neuron
846:
838:
820:
785:
777:
759:
732:
724:
605:
598:
591:
584:
576:
417:, the
264:
257:
250:
243:
235:
1317:S2CID
1076:Brain
1053:S2CID
942:S2CID
893:S2CID
844:S2CID
783:S2CID
730:S2CID
610:JSTOR
596:books
445:with
269:JSTOR
255:books
193:This
1309:PMID
1301:ISSN
1242:PMID
1224:ISSN
1177:PMID
1159:ISSN
1110:PMID
1092:ISSN
1045:PMID
1037:ISSN
1001:PMID
993:ISSN
983:ISBN
934:PMID
885:PMID
836:PMID
775:PMID
722:PMID
582:news
554:any
409:and
337:Born
241:news
202:for
132:The
1291:hdl
1281:doi
1232:PMC
1216:doi
1167:PMC
1149:doi
1100:PMC
1084:doi
1080:136
1029:doi
975:doi
924:doi
875:doi
828:doi
806:297
767:doi
753:153
714:doi
1363::
1315:.
1307:.
1299:.
1289:.
1279:.
1269:30
1267:.
1263:.
1240:.
1230:.
1222:.
1214:.
1204:29
1202:.
1198:.
1175:.
1165:.
1157:.
1147:.
1135:.
1131:.
1108:.
1098:.
1090:.
1078:.
1074:.
1051:.
1043:.
1035:.
1025:69
1023:.
999:.
991:.
981:.
973:.
940:.
932:.
920:40
918:.
914:.
891:.
883:.
871:42
869:.
865:.
842:.
834:.
826:.
816:.
804:.
781:.
773:.
765:.
751:.
728:.
720:.
710:13
708:.
677:^
665:.
421:,
393:.
349:)
213:.
50:.
1323:.
1293::
1283::
1275::
1248:.
1218::
1210::
1183:.
1151::
1143::
1137:6
1116:.
1086::
1059:.
1031::
1007:.
977::
948:.
926::
899:.
877::
850:.
830::
812::
789:.
769::
736:.
716::
632:)
626:(
621:)
617:(
607:·
600:·
593:·
586:·
569:.
559:.
345:(
309:)
303:(
291:)
285:(
280:)
276:(
266:·
259:·
252:·
245:·
228:.
207:.
171:)
165:(
160:)
156:(
152:.
142:.
110:)
104:(
99:)
95:(
91:.
57:)
53:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
