148:
27:
132:
271:
conquest would have been an open call for war between the principalities with an inevitable long struggle, but such a thing did not happen according to
Voitovych, possibly indicating in Voitovych's view that the lands and its population weren't Polish, but an independent political-tribal union with
440:
The entire vicinity of Krakow was to be administered from Prague: "...ad orientem hos fluvios habet terminos: Bug scilicet et Ztir cum
Cracouua civitate provintiaque cui Uuag nomen est cum omnibus regionibus ad predictam urbem pertinentibus, que Cracouua
296:, the Grand Prince of the Rus, whose wife Ingigerd was a distant relative of Harald. In the spring 1031, where he became chief of Yaroslav's bodyguard jointly with Eilifr, son of that Rognvaldr who had originally come to
283:
expedition against Poland (1030–1031) had as its object not only the recovery of territories previously lost in 1018; it also delivered a powerful blow against the Polish
Metropolis of Slavonic rite. In 1031,
247:
conquered the
Cherven Cities from the Lyakhs (an alternative archaic name for Poles) in 981. Nestor writes in his chronicle that: "Vladimir marched upon the Lyakhs and took their cities: Peremyshl (
595:= Ljach, plural Ljasi, meaning 'Poles', s. Axel Olrik i Festskrift til Vilh. Thomsen, 126 f.; trans. Arkiv för nordisk filologi: t. 19-20. page 280
90:
537:
651:
272:
some vassalage to
Bohemia. In the following decades, the contested region would change hands between Poland and Rus' several more times.
308:, who built the fortified settlement to guard the border with Poland. Around the year 1069, the region again returned to Poland, after
155:
626:
621:
641:
611:
464:
58:Червенські Городи), often literally translated as Red Cities, Red Forts or Red Boroughs, was a point of dispute between the
563:
413:
264:
59:
616:
553:", РОЗДІЛ ІІІ. Історіографія. Джерелознавство. Архівознавство. Памʼяткознавство. Етнологія. 7, 2015, pages 142–143
646:
636:
631:
300:
with
Ingigerd. Harald served a military apprenticeship, fighting in the Polish campaign of 1031, and against the
408:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. p. 307.
252:
102:
309:
551:
Croats in
Manuscripts: Problem of Ethno-tribal Belonging and Political Dependence (Historical Aspects)
321:
214:) rivers, which marked the approximate boundaries of the region where Cherven Cities were located.
96:
219:
276:
140:
31:
135:
Poland (992–1025); area within dark red color represents the borders at the end of the rule of
66:
at the turn of the 10th and 11th centuries, with both sides claiming their rights to the land.
550:
206:(1086) traces the Eastern border of the archdiocese, as established in 973, along the Bug and
203:
173:
285:
255:), and other towns, all of which are subject to Rus' even to this day". However, historian
8:
293:
234:
136:
304:(Lendians). The gord of Sutiejsk was most likely founded in 1034 - 1039 by Grand Prince
515:
495:
383:
244:
181:
112:
55:
20:
533:
451:
Relacja
Ibrahima Ibn Ja'kuba z podróży do krajów słowiańskich w przekazie Al-Bekriego
409:
305:
256:
239:
215:
177:
168:
107:
513:
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187:
74:
Originally, the name "Czerwień Cities" probably identified a territory between the
472:
403:
47:
370:
147:
280:
268:
63:
605:
120:
343:
317:
87:
338:
191:
211:
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83:
316:, making it his temporary residence. Then in 1085, the region became a
289:
207:
180:
Polish-Ruthenian borderlands. The area is first mentioned in 981, when
101:
that existed there, possibly on the site of the present-day village of
139:(992); dark red border comprises the area at the end of the reign of
75:
26:
16:
Territories disputed by Poland and Kievan Rus' during the Middle Ages
227:
199:
131:
348:
297:
562:
A. Buko. "The archaeology of early medieval Poland". Brill. 2008.
540:", Proc. Inst. Archaeol. Lviv. Univ, Vol. 10, 2015, pages 126–137
195:
371:Въ лЂто 6478 [970] - 6494 [986]. Лаврентіївський літопис
19:"Red Cities" redirects here. For the album by Chris Brokaw, see
223:
202:
until 999. In support of Cosmas, the foundation charter of the
79:
503:. Cambridge, Mass., Mediaeval Academy of America. p. 231.
523:. Cambridge, Mass., Mediaeval Academy of America. p. 95.
514:
Samuel
Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953).
494:
Samuel
Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953).
391:. Cambridge, Mass., Mediaeval Academy of America. p. 95.
382:
Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953).
105:. The first mention of the "Cherven Cities" is given by the
574:
Paszkiewicz. The making of the Russian nation, 1977 p. 104
429:
Die Chronik der Böhmen des Cosmas von Prag. Berlin, 1923
218:, who travelled in Eastern Europe in 965, remarks that
259:
speculates that contrary to Nestor's account in the
34:
of Poland, superimposed over contemporary boundaries
184:took it during his expansion campaign to the west:
603:
538:The Lendians: new variations on ancient motives
222:ruled the country "stretching from the city of
517:The Russian Primary Chronicle. Laurentian Text
497:The Russian Primary Chronicle. Laurentian Text
385:The Russian Primary Chronicle. Laurentian Text
431:(MGH SS rer. Germ. NS, 2). I, 33–34. Page 60.
30:Cherven Gords in 1025 AD, under the rule of
527:
176:have a central role in the history of the
166:The Cherven Cities first described in the
162:) region located in the lower-right corner
462:
320:under the lordship of Rus', known as the
279:, and in 1031 it fell again to Rus'. The
263:, if the lands were under control of the
543:
146:
130:
25:
405:The Archeology of Early Medieval Poland
275:In 1018, Poland re-took the area under
604:
652:History of Subcarpathian Voivodeship
556:
453:. Kraków, 1946 (MPH NS. 1). Page 50.
401:
288:and his men reached the land of the
13:
456:
292:, where they served the armies of
190:(c. 1045 – 1125) relates that the
152:Allgemeiner historischer Handatlas
14:
663:
82:rivers. Its name is derived from
312:retook the area and the city of
243:infers this when reporting that
233:In the 970s, it is assumed that
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568:
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487:
444:
434:
422:
395:
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361:
1:
642:History of Lublin Voivodeship
354:
612:Historical regions in Poland
69:
7:
627:11th century in Kievan Rus'
622:10th century in Kievan Rus'
327:
10:
668:
469:Great Russian Encyclopedia
237:took over the region: the
126:
18:
463:Назаренко, А. В. (2017).
322:Principality of Peremyshl
310:Bolesław II the Generous
617:History of Red Ruthenia
220:Boleslaus II of Bohemia
198:controlled the land of
115:captured them from the
647:History of Lviv Oblast
637:11th century in Poland
632:10th century in Poland
402:Buko, Andrzej (2008).
163:
144:
51:
35:
204:Archdiocese of Prague
174:Nestor the Chronicler
150:
134:
111:(12th century), when
29:
583:In Slavic loanwords
549:Kuchynko Mykhailo, "
277:Bolesław I the Brave
32:Bolesław I the Brave
294:Yaroslav I the Wise
235:Mieszko I of Poland
158:in 1025 — Cherven (
587:was replaced with
245:Vladimir the Great
182:Vladimir the Great
164:
145:
113:Vladimir the Great
52:Grody Czerwieńskie
36:
21:Red Cities (album)
534:Leontii Voitovych
475:on 3 January 2023
306:Yaroslav the Wise
261:Primary Chronicle
257:Leontii Voitovych
240:Primary Chronicle
216:Abraham ben Jacob
169:Primary Chronicle
154:(1886) depicting
108:Primary Chronicle
60:Kingdom of Poland
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541:
531:
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471:. Archived from
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188:Cosmas of Prague
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265:Duchy of Poland
226:to the city of
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72:
40:Czerwień Cities
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368:(in Ukrainian)
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178:Early Medieval
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3:
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415:9789004162303
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44:Cherven Gords
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28:
22:
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477:. Retrieved
473:the original
468:
458:
450:
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436:
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424:
404:
397:
384:
377:
363:
344:Red Ruthenia
318:principality
301:
274:
260:
251:), Cherven (
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232:
186:
167:
165:
159:
151:
116:
106:
97:
91:
88:Proto-Slavic
73:
43:
39:
37:
465:"ЛЕНДЗЯ́НЕ"
269:Kievan Rus'
64:Kievan Rus'
606:Categories
355:References
290:Kievan Rus
194:rulers of
141:Bolesław I
123:) in 981.
95:"red"), a
56:Ukrainian:
339:Lędzianie
267:then the
192:Přemyslid
160:Czerwensk
137:Mieszko I
70:Etymology
591:, e.g.,
349:Sutiejsk
334:Czerwień
328:See also
314:Przemyśl
298:Novgorod
249:Przemyśl
92:*čьrvenъ
84:Czerwień
479:18 June
281:Rus'ian
253:Czermno
196:Bohemia
127:History
103:Czermno
564:p. 307
412:
286:Harald
228:Kraków
224:Prague
200:Kraków
156:Poland
143:(1025)
117:Lyakhs
80:Wieprz
48:Polish
593:læsir
521:(PDF)
501:(PDF)
441:est".
389:(PDF)
302:Læsir
212:Stryi
121:Poles
86:(cf.
481:2022
410:ISBN
210:(or
208:Styr
98:gord
78:and
62:and
38:The
536:, "
230:".
172:by
76:Bug
42:or
608::
585:ja
467:.
324:.
54:,
50::
589:æ
483:.
418:.
119:(
46:(
23:.
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