304:, a relationship that, according to Spanish accounts, existed in 1548, and possibly much earlier. The Guaná were agricultural and pedestrian as opposed to the nomadic Mbayá who became equestrians by the early 17th century. In the early 18th century the Guaná lived in seven large villages of 1,000 or more people on the western side of the Paraguay River between 19 and 22 south latitudes. Later in the 18th century, some of them migrated along with the Mbayá east of the Paraguay River. They were estimated, perhaps generously, in the early 18th century to have numbered 18,000 to 30,000. In 1793 they numbered about 8,200.
41:
343:. In both cases, they have been influenced by the Guaraní language and culture, but still retain their Chane identity. The other descendants of the Chane culture were first mixed with the Guaranis, later with the Spaniards, and in the last two centuries with migration flows of other Europeans, Arabs, and migrants from other parts of Bolivia and Argentina. The Chane culture is an important heritage component of the populations of Santa Cruz, the Paraguayan Chaco,
75:
103:
91:
198:. The historical Chané are divided into two principal groups: the Chané proper who lived in eastern Bolivia, and the Guaná who lived in Paraguay and adjacent Brazil. Twenty-first century survivors of the Chané are the Izoceno people of Bolivia and 3,034 descendants reported in Argentina by the 2010 census. Survivors of the Guaná are the
233:
groups, are believed to have originated in northeastern South
America, but to have spread southward about 2,500 years ago. They developed an agrarian culture, built densely populated villages, cultivated corn, peanuts, cotton and squash, and are famous for their ceramics and graphics which have been
307:
The Guaná provided Mbayá chiefs with labor, agricultural products, textiles, and wives and in exchange were given protection and
European goods such as iron tools by the Mbayá. The cultures of the Guaná and Mbayá slowly became more similar as the Mbayá adopted agriculture and weaving and the Guaná
312:, by intermarriage with Guaná and captive women of other ethnic groups. Spanish chroniclers describe the Guaná as docile. The Mbayá, arrogant and ethnocentric, were described by Spanish chroniclers as surprisingly benign and respectful in dealing with their Guaná subjects.
288:. Some Chane were forced into slavery by the Chiriguanos, others migrated to less fertile regions to the southeast. Many Chané women were taken as wives by Chiriguano men, thus starting a process of assimilation. Both Guaraní and
280:. The Chiriguanos raided the Chané homeland on a regular basis, and prior to the Spanish conquest, the Chiriguanos defeated the Chanés and halted the Inca advance into the plains and valleys of what is now the
319:, Brazil. The largest sub-tribe of the Guaná was the Tereno who numbered 3 to 4 thousand at the time. In 2001, they were called the Terêna, and 16,000 if them were living in the same area.
392:
580:
550:
573:
426:
292:-speaking Chané also assimilated and mixed with Europeans during the colonial period and after the independence of both Argentina and Bolivia.
1596:
566:
389:
272:
in the Andes and with other Arawak-speaking groups to the north and east. Chanés and Incas established a truce to join forces against the
766:
1601:
1256:
625:
1576:
1076:
860:
328:
880:
1483:
336:
1071:
786:
1581:
407:
1520:
875:
120:
1586:
1591:
1557:
1127:
915:
647:
281:
1504:
1215:
895:
1456:
1273:
1249:
316:
1335:
1106:
589:
258:
423:
1242:
630:
210:
910:
801:
235:
756:
620:
551:
Glosario de lenguas indígenas sudamericanas, Edgardo
Civallero, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
300:
The Guaná, (also called Layaná) are the eastern branch of the Chané. They were vassals of the
254:
45:
24:
315:
By 1850 the Guaná had broken their relationship with the Mbayá and were living in the area of
1530:
1525:
1473:
1096:
1027:
988:
806:
791:
308:
became equestrian. The Mbayá augmented their numbers, strictly limited by late marriages and
1137:
1091:
998:
957:
870:
855:
781:
771:
218:
8:
1081:
1017:
947:
942:
865:
833:
796:
761:
370:
340:
332:
289:
1499:
1464:
1174:
1169:
1144:
1101:
993:
967:
885:
850:
845:
776:
730:
239:
203:
171:
49:
1446:
558:
1478:
1191:
1053:
1042:
1022:
838:
615:
154:
132:
1331:
1311:
700:
675:
365:
128:
20:
1469:
1301:
1132:
1086:
1037:
972:
962:
952:
820:
735:
705:
265:
124:
655:
1326:
1306:
1196:
1186:
828:
607:
430:
396:
273:
250:, El Pari, Mataral and Warnes. They also craft wooden masks and fabric clothing.
199:
1346:
660:
1391:
725:
720:
360:
348:
344:
230:
1570:
1546:
1406:
1371:
1361:
1281:
680:
538:
1291:
685:
481:
149:
40:
1411:
715:
710:
243:
158:
1436:
1426:
1321:
599:
175:
1421:
1401:
1376:
1366:
665:
1381:
1356:
1265:
452:
195:
80:
695:
213:, commonly called Chiriguanos, while the Guaná were subjects of the
1416:
1386:
1341:
1179:
670:
309:
276:
peoples of the Andes foothills, who the Incas and
Spaniards called
183:
108:
1431:
424:
https://www.indec.gov.ar/ftp/cuadros/poblacion/censo2010_tomo1.pdf
301:
214:
209:
Most of the historical Chané were subjects of and absorbed by the
740:
690:
526:
Handbook of South
American Indians, Volume 1, The Marginal Tribes
285:
191:
145:
96:
1351:
1296:
1286:
1122:
247:
187:
234:
found mainly in the pampas of
Bolivia surrounding the city of
1441:
1396:
179:
1234:
480:, Austin: University of Texas Press, p. 38. Downloaded from
253:
An ancient Chané religious site dating from about 300 CE is
269:
264:
They were a rather peaceful culture and traded with the
588:
390:
Censo
Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2010
327:
There are some Chané communities still living in the
442:
Tras la Huella de los Chané, El Deber, June 1, 2003
422:Censo Nacional de Poblacion, Hogares y Viviendas,"
174:peoples. They lived in the plains of the northern
528:, Washington: Smithsonian Institution, pp 238-241
1568:
513:Red Gold: The Conquest of the Brazilian Indians,
515:Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp 394-395
1250:
574:
170:is the collective name for the southernmost
1257:
1243:
581:
567:
539:http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/ter/
1569:
1238:
562:
48:, Chané ruins that predate the Inca,
1597:Indigenous peoples of the Gran Chaco
67:Regions with significant populations
590:Ancestry and ethnicity in Argentina
13:
16:Indigenous people of South America
14:
1613:
1558:Category:Ethnic groups in Bolivia
1216:European immigration to Argentina
476:Santos-Granero, Fernando (2009),
1602:Indigenous peoples of the Amazon
101:
89:
73:
39:
1577:Indigenous peoples in Argentina
544:
531:
518:
322:
229:The Chané, together with other
505:
496:
487:
470:
445:
436:
416:
401:
383:
1:
1582:Indigenous peoples in Bolivia
1264:
376:
295:
178:and in the foothills of the
7:
524:Steward, Julian H. (1946),
354:
317:Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul
10:
1618:
1587:Ethnic groups in Argentina
502:Saegar, pp. 18, 87-88, 116
259:UNESCO World Heritage Site
224:
202:and the Kinikinao both of
18:
1555:
1539:
1513:
1492:
1455:
1272:
1208:
1156:
1115:
1064:
1007:
981:
935:
924:
903:
894:
819:
749:
646:
639:
606:
596:
351:and the Argentine Chaco.
144:
139:
119:
114:
71:
66:
61:
56:
38:
1592:Ethnic groups in Bolivia
1336:Eastern Bolivian Guaraní
598:Ancestral background of
246:, Valle Abajo, Okinawa,
211:Eastern Bolivian Guarani
413:(retrieved 16 May 2011)
236:Santa Cruz de la Sierra
541:, accessed 28 Dec 2017
511:Hemming, John (1978),
433:, accessed 18 Dec 2017
255:El Fuerte de Samaipata
46:El Fuerte de Samaipata
25:Chane (disambiguation)
23:. For other uses, see
19:For the language, see
453:"Fuerte de Samaipata"
282:Santa Cruz Department
904:By religious beliefs
493:Steward, pp. 239-240
206:province in Brazil.
371:Maipurean languages
341:Tartagal, Argentina
339:and Che-Renda near
333:Santa Cruz, Bolivia
35:
600:Argentine citizens
429:2016-11-13 at the
395:2016-04-09 at the
204:Mato Grosso do Sul
50:Samaipata, Bolivia
33:
1564:
1563:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
815:
814:
221:speaking people.
172:Arawakan-speaking
165:
164:
155:Roman Catholicism
133:Arawakan language
86:
1609:
1474:Ethnic Mennonite
1259:
1252:
1245:
1236:
1235:
933:
932:
901:
900:
644:
643:
583:
576:
569:
560:
559:
553:
548:
542:
535:
529:
522:
516:
509:
503:
500:
494:
491:
485:
474:
468:
467:
465:
463:
449:
443:
440:
434:
420:
414:
405:
399:
387:
107:
105:
104:
95:
93:
92:
84:
79:
77:
76:
57:Total population
43:
36:
32:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1551:
1535:
1509:
1488:
1451:
1268:
1263:
1233:
1220:
1204:
1152:
1111:
1060:
1003:
977:
929:
927:
920:
890:
811:
745:
635:
602:
592:
587:
557:
556:
549:
545:
536:
532:
523:
519:
510:
506:
501:
497:
492:
488:
475:
471:
461:
459:
451:
450:
446:
441:
437:
431:Wayback Machine
421:
417:
406:
402:
397:Wayback Machine
388:
384:
379:
357:
325:
298:
274:Eastern Guarani
227:
152:
102:
100:
99:
90:
88:
87:
74:
72:
52:
34:Chané (Izoceño)
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1615:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1262:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1239:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
985:
983:
979:
978:
976:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
939:
937:
930:
925:
922:
921:
919:
918:
913:
907:
905:
898:
892:
891:
889:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
842:
841:
836:
825:
823:
817:
816:
813:
812:
810:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
753:
751:
750:Non Indigenous
747:
746:
744:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
652:
650:
641:
637:
636:
634:
633:
628:
623:
618:
612:
610:
604:
603:
597:
594:
593:
586:
585:
578:
571:
563:
555:
554:
543:
530:
517:
504:
495:
486:
469:
457:whc.unesco.org
444:
435:
415:
400:
381:
380:
378:
375:
374:
373:
368:
366:Chané language
363:
356:
353:
349:Jujuy Province
345:Salta Province
324:
321:
297:
294:
226:
223:
163:
162:
142:
141:
137:
136:
129:Chané language
117:
116:
112:
111:
69:
68:
64:
63:
59:
58:
54:
53:
44:
29:
21:Chané language
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1614:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1201:Luxembourgian
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
984:
980:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
938:
934:
931:
923:
917:
914:
912:
909:
908:
906:
902:
899:
897:
893:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
826:
824:
822:
818:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
752:
748:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
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712:
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707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
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672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
651:
649:
645:
642:
638:
632:
631:South African
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
611:
609:
605:
601:
595:
591:
584:
579:
577:
572:
570:
565:
564:
561:
552:
547:
540:
534:
527:
521:
514:
508:
499:
490:
483:
479:
478:Vital Enemies
473:
458:
454:
448:
439:
432:
428:
425:
419:
412:
409:
404:
398:
394:
391:
386:
382:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
320:
318:
313:
311:
305:
303:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
232:
222:
220:
216:
212:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
160:
156:
151:
147:
143:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
110:
98:
82:
70:
65:
60:
55:
51:
47:
42:
37:
26:
22:
1316:
876:Roma (Gypsy)
621:Cape Verdean
546:
533:
525:
520:
512:
507:
498:
489:
482:Project MUSE
477:
472:
460:. Retrieved
456:
447:
438:
418:
410:
403:
385:
326:
323:Distribution
314:
306:
299:
277:
263:
252:
228:
208:
167:
166:
150:Christianity
30:Ethnic group
1097:Montenegrin
928:and country
411:Ethnologue.
278:Chiriguanos
244:Portachuelo
159:Anglicanism
127:, formerly
1571:Categories
1322:Chiquitano
1274:Indigenous
1138:Portuguese
1092:Macedonian
1028:Lithuanian
989:Belarusian
807:Venezuelan
792:Paraguayan
648:Indigenous
626:Senegalese
537:"Terêna",
377:References
331:region in
268:-speaking
219:Guaycuruan
176:Gran Chaco
121:Chiriguano
1531:Uruguayan
1526:Brazilian
1521:Argentine
1382:Pacahuara
1357:Machinere
1302:Canichana
1266:Bolivians
1077:Bulgarian
1065:Southeast
1050:Norwegian
1047:Icelandic
999:Ukrainian
958:Hungarian
926:By region
911:Mennonite
881:Taiwanese
802:Uruguayan
782:Dominican
772:Colombian
767:Brazilian
736:Tehuelche
706:Pehuenche
335:, and in
296:The Guaná
240:Samaipata
196:Argentina
115:Languages
81:Argentina
1514:Americas
1500:Japanese
1465:Croatian
1457:European
1447:Yuracaré
1437:Yaminawá
1417:Toromona
1387:Pauserna
1342:Guarayos
1327:Ese Ejja
1307:Cayubaba
1175:Scottish
1166:British
1116:Southern
1102:Romanian
1082:Croatian
1072:Albanian
1018:Estonian
1008:Northern
943:Austrian
866:Japanese
846:Armenian
834:Lebanese
797:Peruvian
762:Bolivian
757:American
731:Selk'nam
671:Diaguita
640:Americas
427:Archived
408:"Chané."
393:Archived
355:See also
310:abortion
257:, now a
184:Paraguay
140:Religion
109:Paraguay
1547:African
1484:Spanish
1479:Italian
1422:Tsimané
1402:Sirionó
1392:Quechua
1377:Nivaclé
1332:Guaraní
1312:Chácobo
1170:English
1163:Belgian
1157:Western
1149:Maltese
1145:Italian
1128:Spanish
1107:Serbian
1054:Swedish
1043:Finnish
1034:Nordic
1023:Latvian
1014:Baltic
994:Russian
982:Eastern
968:Slovene
936:Central
886:Turkish
861:Israeli
851:Chinese
787:Mexican
777:Chilean
741:Teushen
726:Quilmes
721:Quechua
701:Nivaclé
691:Mapuche
676:Guaraní
666:Capayán
616:Angolan
290:Guaraní
286:Bolivia
266:Quechua
238:and in
225:History
192:Bolivia
146:Animism
125:Spanish
97:Bolivia
1540:Others
1505:Jewish
1470:German
1407:Tacana
1372:Movima
1367:Mojeño
1362:Maropa
1352:Lupaca
1297:Bororo
1287:Ayoreo
1282:Aymara
1192:French
1133:Basque
1123:Iberic
1038:Danish
963:Polish
953:German
916:Jewish
896:Europe
871:Korean
856:Indian
839:Syrian
696:Mocoví
681:Huarpe
656:Abipón
608:Africa
462:23 Sep
361:Arawak
329:Izozog
248:Cotoca
231:Arawak
200:Tereno
194:, and
188:Brazil
106:
94:
85:(2010)
83:3,034
78:
1493:Asian
1442:Yuqui
1432:Wichí
1397:Qulla
1347:Guató
1317:Chané
1292:Baure
1197:Irish
1187:Dutch
1180:Welsh
1087:Greek
973:Swiss
948:Czech
686:Kolla
661:Chané
337:Yacui
302:Mbayá
270:Incas
215:Mbayá
180:Andes
168:Chané
62:1,500
1412:Toba
829:Arab
821:Asia
711:Poya
464:2016
217:, a
131:(an
1427:Uru
1209:All
716:Qom
284:of
182:in
1573::
1472:,
455:.
347:,
261:.
242:,
190:,
186:,
157:,
148:,
123:,
1338:)
1334:(
1258:e
1251:t
1244:v
582:e
575:t
568:v
484:.
466:.
161:)
153:(
135:)
27:.
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