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Cernunnos

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4023: 754: 636: 718: 697:("The Cattle Raid on Fraech") has been taken as evidence that Conall bore attributes of a "master of beasts." In this passage Conall Cernach is portrayed as a hero and mighty warrior who assists the protagonist Fraech in rescuing his wife and son, and reclaiming his cattle. The fort that Conall must penetrate is guarded by a mighty serpent. The supposed anti-climax of this tale is when the fearsome serpent, instead of attacking Conall, darts to Conall's waist and girdles him as a belt. Rather than killing the serpent, Conall allows it to live, and then proceeds to attack and rob the fort of its great treasures the serpent previously protected. 22: 4015: 288:
within Gaulish culture vary from a god of animals, nature, fertility and prosperity to a symbol of authority, strength, unyielding endurance and virility; he has also been portrayed as a god of travel, commerce and bi-directionality; or associated with crossroads, the underworld and reincarnation, symbolizing the cycle of life and death. The only evidence which has survived consists of inscriptions found on various artifacts.
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Due to the lack of surviving Gaulish literature regarding mythologies about Cernunnos, stories with various possible epithets he might have had, or information regarding religious practices and followers, his overall significance in Gaulish religious traditions is unknown. Interpretations of his role
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or the Lord of Wild Things, and Miranda Green describes him as a "peaceful god of nature and fruitfulness" who seems to be seated in a manner that suggests traditional shamans who were often depicted surrounded by animals. Other academics such as Ceisiwr Serith describes Cernunnos as a god of
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The figure of Conall Cernach is not associated with animals or forestry elsewhere; and the epithet "Cernach" has historically been explained as a description of Conall's impenetrable "horn-like" skin which protected him from injury.
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depicts Cernunnos near the base of the structure seated in the traditional cross-legged pose. The northern cross, which is the oldest of the crosses at the monastery, displays several pre-Christian images on its reliefs.
612:, perhaps due to being too distinctive to be translatable into the Roman pantheon. While Cernunnos was never assimilated, scholars have sometimes compared him functionally to Greek and Roman divine figures such as 504:
links him with sailors and with commerce, suggesting that he was also associated with material wealth as does the coin pouch from the Cernunnos of Rheims (Marne, Champagne, France)—in antiquity, Durocortorum, the
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105 (2001), p. 222; distinctiveness of Cernunnos also in William Van Andringa, "Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century AD: The Creation of a Common Religious Language," in
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hanging from them with the inscription of "ernunnos" with it. The lower part of the relief is lost, but the dimensions suggest that the god was sitting cross-legged, in the depiction traditionally called
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Within the Wiccan tradition, the Horned God reflects the seasons of the year in an annual cycle of life, death and rebirth and his imagery is a blend of the Gaulish god Cernunnos, the Greek god
1096: 606:. The Celtic "horned god", while well attested in iconography, cannot be identified in description of Celtic religion in Roman ethnography and does not appear to have been given any 809:
and syncretizes various horned or antlered gods from various cultures. The name Cernunnos became associated with the Wiccan Horned God through the adoption of the writings of
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is taken as an epithet with a wide semantic field—"angular; victorious; prominent," though there is little evidence that the figures of Conall and Cernunnos are related.
3623: 650:, a 9th-century Christian manuscript. The god is recognizably depicted with cross-legged posture, horns, and a ram-headed serpent. He sits in an arcaded niche of 1021: 1714: 602:
Divine representations of the Cernunnos type are exceptions to the often-expressed view that the Celts only began to picture their gods in human form after the
147: 3739: 1596: 863:, Cernunnos class objects are objects which "can be functionally contained, but the Foundation cannot achieve this for logistical and/or ethical reasons." 381: 1896: 2924: 1091: 1340: 373:
can be read clearly on 18th century drawings of the inscriptions, but the initial letter has been obscured since, so that today only a reading "
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goes, his first disciple and monk was a boar that had been rendered gentle by God. This was followed by a fox, a badger, a wolf and a stag.
592: 584: 553: 1781: 1153: 215:"Cernunnos" is believed by some Celticists to be an obscure epithet of a better attested Gaulish deity; perhaps the god described in the 817:, believed that the various horned deities found in Europe were expressions of a "proto-horned god" and in 1931 published her theory in 991: 536:. The antlered human figure has been dated as early as the 7th century BCE or as late as the 4th. Two goddesses with antlers appear at 3732: 3628: 4529: 396:, "to the God Cerunincos", assumed to be the same deity. The Gaulish inscription from Montagnac reads αλλετνος καρνονου αλσοεας ( 1660: 1889: 1367: 970: 742: 564:, dating to the 1st century BCE, thought to depict Celtic subject matter though usually regarded as of Thracian workmanship. 3725: 1952: 658:
scene. This later image is a representation of Cernunnos as lord of the underworld, firmly planted in the funerary sphere.
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monument was probably constructed by Gaulish sailors in 14 CE. It was discovered in 1710 within the foundations of the
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bi-directionality and mediator between opposites, seeing the animal symbolism in the artwork reflecting this idea.
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God. There are more than fifty depictions and inscriptions referring to him, mainly in the north-eastern region of
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with ram heads encircle him at the waist. Two cavities at the top of his head are probably designed to receive
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Francisco Marco Simón, "Religion and Religious Practices of the Ancient Celts of the Iberian Peninsula,"
4014: 3575: 778: 186: 38: 249:). Otherwise, variations of the name Cernunnos has also been found in a Celtic inscription written in 873: 3684: 2789: 4382: 3590: 651: 338: 492:. Because of the image of him on the Gundestrup Cauldron, some scholars describe Cernunnos as the 4504: 3989: 3504: 2879: 1211: 947:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise : une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
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tribe—and the stag vomiting coins from Niedercorn-Turbelslach (Luxembourg) in the lands of the
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is an antlered forest monster, based on Cernunnos, who is turning park visitors into trees.
608: 330: 216: 53: 556:, flanked by serpents and holding a purse and a torc. The best known image appears on the 235:
associations. The name has only appeared once with an image, when it was inscribed on the
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David M. Robinson and Elizabeth Pierce Belgen, "Archaeological Notes and Discussions,"
1456: 473: 354: 350: 346: 189:, who notes the instrument's animal-shaped bell. The root also appears in the names of 168: 2804: 2736: 4430: 4422: 3899: 3319: 3304: 2919: 2731: 2148: 2048: 1928: 1844: 1818: 1640: 1448: 1421: 1411: 1373: 1346: 1143: 966: 926: 878: 647: 640: 599:). The horns are taken to represent "aggressive power, genetic vigor and fecundity." 366: 164: 1868: 208:
is unclear, but seems to be rooted in the Celtic word for "horn" or "antler" (as in
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Dictionary of the Gaulish Language: A Linguistic Approach to Continental Old Celtic
942: 893: 722: 591:); and a possible representation of the deity Vestius Aloniecus near his altars in 541: 318: 160: 3580: 3438: 3420: 3309: 2814: 2436: 1551:
Phyllis Fray Bober, "Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity,"
1279: 1218: 1100: 1025: 995: 829: 813:, an Egyptologist and folklorist of the early 20th century. Murray, through her 810: 2716: 821:. Her work was considered highly controversial at the time, but was adopted by 4534: 4258: 4185: 3889: 3453: 3209: 2794: 2551: 2213: 1236: 985: 860: 822: 690: 671: 533: 458: 250: 242: 69: 2819: 1327:
Una réplica desconocida al Cernunnos de Val Camonica: el Cernunnos de Numancia
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Delamarre; Greek text and English translation of the passage from Eustathius'
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Cernunnos can be seen dancing during the end credits of season 2 episode 2 of
181:(κάρνον) as "Gallic trumpet", that is, the Celtic military horn listed as the 4488: 3702: 3643: 3254: 3016: 2751: 2481: 1874: 1452: 1425: 1007: 806: 635: 629: 613: 409: 198: 3484: 2501: 2496: 1592:
L'arte rupestre del Pià d'Ort: la vicenda di un santuario preistorico alpino
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is a god depicted with antlers, seated cross-legged, and is associated with
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antlers. Two small human faces at the back of his head indicate that he is
705: 679: 568: 270: 117: 30: 3717: 3399: 2173: 1271:, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 55, No. 1 (Jan., 1951), pp. 13-51 4473: 4463: 4316: 4213: 4170: 4112: 3944: 3934: 3675: 3463: 3430: 3334: 3239: 3179: 3006: 2606: 2601: 2566: 2303: 2268: 2228: 2203: 2168: 853: 794: 782: 738: 603: 549: 545: 266: 3638: 3131: 2981: 2586: 1460: 537: 4440: 4397: 4364: 4311: 4276: 4233: 4175: 4165: 4047: 3698: 3264: 3224: 3194: 3036: 3021: 3001: 2986: 2961: 2636: 2626: 2546: 2118: 1998: 1476:
Webster, "Creolizing the Roman Provinces," p. 221, especially note 103.
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65 (1934), p. 227, pointing out the relative maturation of the antlers.
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Additional evidence is given by one inscription on a metal plaque from
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given by Edward Wigan, "Account of a Collection of Roman Gold Coins",
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Fickett-Wilbar, David (2003). "Cernunnos: Looking a Different Way".
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posture", providing a direct parallel to the antlered figure on the
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Iconography associated with Cernunnos is often portrayed with a
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https://ceisiwrserith.com/therest/Cernunnos/cernunnospaper.htm
571:, horned or antlered figures of the Cernunnos type include a " 4468: 4326: 4321: 4127: 4097: 4092: 4077: 3919: 3904: 3874: 3824: 3809: 3804: 3565: 3479: 3354: 3339: 3219: 3169: 3057: 2706: 2701: 2691: 2511: 2486: 2476: 2363: 2313: 2273: 2248: 2188: 2163: 2133: 2108: 2083: 2053: 2038: 1038: 954: 762: 572: 452:, we find an image depicted with stag's antlers, both having 437: 326: 315: 246: 89: 856:'s series Apparitions, here he is played by Benjamin Reilly. 424: 329:. The distinctive stone pillar is an important monument of 123:
is characteristic of theonyms. Karnon is cognate with Latin
4402: 3884: 3760: 3533: 2869: 2844: 2741: 2721: 2686: 2656: 2621: 2581: 2531: 2491: 2471: 2198: 1762: 1329:. Revue d'Études Ligures, 23, fasc. 3-4, 1957, pp. 294-298. 734: 726: 632:
to have been considered by the Gauls to be their ancestor.
510: 477: 469: 453: 358: 197:, meaning something like "the Horned Ones", and in several 93: 81: 77: 65: 1869:"Is the Gundestrup Cauldron an Authentic Celtic Artifact?" 1117:
Pagan Celtic Britain: Studies in Iconography and Tradition
2676: 1951: 1711:"Perennial – A Free Bite-Sized Horror Game Worth Playing" 1269:
Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity
661: 489: 485: 73: 1635:. London: The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited. pp.  552:, Hampshire. An antlered child appears on a relief from 1485:
Anne Ross, "Chain Symbolism in Pagan Celtic Religion,"
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in his development of the religious movement of Wicca.
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Some see the qualities of Cernunnos subsumed into the
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and sometimes holding a bag of coins (or grain) and a
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e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies
400:), with the last word possibly a place name based on 145: 133: 2897: 805:is a deity that is believed to be the equal to the 781:. When he was building his first tiny cell, as his 517:. The god may have symbolized the fecundity of the 1628: 1511:Webster, "Creolizing the Roman Provinces," p. 221. 116:which means "horn" or "antler," suffixed with the 88:. He is believed to have originally been a Proto- 3154: 2411: 544:, France. An antlered god appears on a relief in 4486: 3382: 3111: 1871:: A possibly ancient depiction of the Horned God 1520:Jane Webster, "Creolizing the Roman Provinces," 1410:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 86. 1251:A. Kingsley Porter, "A Sculpture at Tandragee," 1111: 1109: 836:motif, and various other horned spirit imagery. 725:, a possible depiction of Cernunnos. He wears a 1408:Caesar's Druids: story of an ancient priesthood 1904: 1438: 1405: 1129: 1127: 1125: 524:Other examples of Cernunnos imagery include a 3733: 2779: 1890: 1106: 1441:Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium 1103:(Alfred Kröner, 1994; Boydell, 2000), p. 69. 227:, which are considered to share Cernunnos's 3747: 1191:, "horned"; Delamarre, citing J. Vendryes, 1122: 125: 80:. He is usually shown holding or wearing a 3740: 3726: 1897: 1883: 1856:Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 1778:"A Comprehensive List of Esoteric Classes" 1472: 1470: 925:, p. 147, 1996, The Everyman Art Library, 757:Rock carving of an antlered figure in the 204:Maier (2010) states that the etymology of 104:The Gaulish form of the name Cernunnos is 1584: 1579:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia 1312:pp. 38–39. See also Pierre-Yves Lambert, 1140:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia 1093:Dictionary of Celtic Religion and Culture 941: 1626: 1342:Symbol and Image in Celtic Religious Art 1316:(Éditions Errance, 2003), pp. 53 and 58. 1133: 788: 752: 716: 634: 423: 20: 1843:. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. 1467: 988:"k̑er-, k̑erə-; k̑rā-, k̑erei-, k̑ereu" 674:, the foster brother of the Irish hero 4487: 1235:XIII. 03026), on the accession of the 1178:(Éditions Errance, 2003), pp. 106–107. 1142:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 396. 662:Possible appearances in Insular Celtic 646:An image of Cernunnos survives in the 282: 3721: 3660: 3607: 3554: 3381: 3153: 3110: 2896: 2778: 2410: 1953:Ancient Gaulish and Brythonic deities 1950: 1917: 1878: 1365: 1338: 1263: 1261: 1204: 839: 745:(National Archaeological Museum), in 666:There have been attempts to find the 628:, of whom the last-named was said by 99: 1817:(2nd ed.). Paris: Editions Errance. 1784:from the original on 13 October 2023 1713:. The Daily SPUF. 7 September 2021. 1366:Green, Miranda (30 September 2011). 1084: 693:in an eighth-century story entitled 357:, along with Gallic deities such as 1406:Aldhouse-Green, Miranda J. (2010). 1273:https://www.jstor.org/stable/501179 1077:. Altay Coşkun and Jürgen Zeidler, 713:Possible connection to Saint Ciarán 398:Alletinos to Carnonos of Alisontea 13: 4021: 4013: 1830:Recueil des inscriptions gauloises 1815:Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise 1258: 1176:Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise 729:at the neck and on the chest. Two 682:. In this line of interpretation, 14: 4546: 1862: 1717:from the original on 18 June 2023 1667:from the original on 19 July 2023 1590:Umberto Sansoni-Silvana Gavaldo, 1339:Green, Miranda (3 October 2003). 1325:Blázquez Martínez, J. M. (1957). 884:Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism 845:The antagonist in the video game 388:, in the territory of the Celtic 337:depict and label by name several 1156:from the original on 5 June 2023 923:Celtic Art, Reading the Messages 436:(Museum of the Middle Ages), in 299:cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris 193:, most prominent among them the 2898:Scottish mythological creatures 1770: 1750: 1729: 1703: 1691: 1679: 1653: 1620: 1571: 1558: 1553:American Journal of Archaeology 1545: 1540:American Journal of Archaeology 1532: 1522:American Journal of Archaeology 1514: 1505: 1492: 1479: 1432: 1399: 1394:Animals in Celtic Life and Myth 1386: 1359: 1332: 1319: 1302: 1293: 1290:AE 1987, 0772 = AE 1989, 00542. 1284: 1223: 1207:Animals in Celtic Life and Myth 1198: 1181: 1168: 4530:New religious movement deities 1841:Head and Horn in Indo-European 1807:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum 1051: 1030: 1000: 979: 935: 915: 639:Depiction of Cernunnos in the 419: 1: 3661: 3555: 3155:Welsh mythological characters 2412:Irish mythological characters 1810:(CIL) volume 13, number 03026 1799: 1758:"Let's all be Fairies (2022)" 1700:, Doreen Valiente, page 52-53 1685:Farrar, Stewart & Janet, 1627:Mac Cana, Proinsias (1973) . 1577:John Koch. (2006) Cernunnos 1529:(Blackwell, 2007), pp. 87–88. 1527:A Companion to Roman Religion 1119:. Academy Chicago Publishers. 743:Musée d'Archéologie Nationale 476:. Less frequently, there are 321:. It is now displayed in the 3383:Welsh mythological creatures 3112:Scottish rulers and warriors 1918: 1603:(in Italian). Archived from 1209:. Routledge. pp. 227–8. 177: 112: 106: 7: 3608: 2810:Conn of the Hundred Battles 867: 434:Musée national du Moyen Âge 323:Musée National du Moyen Age 279:, "horned", is also found. 10: 4551: 1839:Nussbaum, Alan J. (1986). 1836:. Paris: Editions du CNRS. 1229:Based on the inscription ( 1138:. In Kock, John T. (ed.). 779:Twelve Apostles of Ireland 704:The northern cross at the 689:A brief passage involving 187:Eustathius of Thessalonica 175:glosses the Galatian word 146: 39:National Museum of Denmark 4449: 4421: 4373: 4355: 4257: 4184: 4151: 4033: 4011: 3777: 3756: 3667: 3656: 3614: 3603: 3561: 3550: 3521: 3503: 3472: 3429: 3413: 3392: 3388: 3377: 3160: 3149: 3117: 3106: 3082: 3066: 3050: 2954: 2938: 2907: 2903: 2892: 2785: 2780:Irish rulers and warriors 2774: 2417: 2406: 1959: 1946: 1924: 1913: 1854:Porkorny, Julius (1959). 1813:Delmarre, Xavier (2003). 1698:The Rebirth of Witchcraft 1687:Eight Sabbats for Witches 1115:Anne Ross. (1967, 1996). 874:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance 1858:. Berlin: Franke Verlag. 1828:Lejeune, Michel (1995). 1566:A Sculpture at Tandragee 909: 759:National park of Naquane 392:. This inscription read 1205:Green, Miranda (1992). 775:Saint Ciarán of Saighir 620:, specialized forms of 201:found in inscriptions. 173:Hesychius of Alexandria 159:"horn" appears in both 135: 4027: 4019: 3473:Sea and lake creatures 1392:Green, Miranda (1992) 819:The God of the Witches 766: 750: 706:Clonmacnoise monastery 643: 604:Roman conquest of Gaul 445: 245:, who were a tribe of 126: 45: 4025: 4017: 1372:. The History Press. 1134:Breviary, A. (2005). 815:Witch-cult hypothesis 789:Neopaganism and Wicca 756: 720: 638: 519:stag-inhabited forest 450:Pillar of the Boatmen 430:Pillar of the Boatmen 427: 408:" or "rock" (compare 37:, on display, at the 24: 1299:RIG 1, number G-224. 1267:Phyllis Fray Bober, 1187:Equivalent to Latin 1015:Numismatic Chronicle 670:root in the name of 609:interpretatio romana 331:Gallo-Roman religion 241:(the sailors of the 217:interpretatio Romana 54:Gallo-Roman religion 3759:Ancient deities of 1581:, p. 396. ABC-Clio. 1555:55 (1951), p. 15ff. 1253:Burlington Magazine 953:] (in French). 797:, specifically the 558:Gundestrup cauldron 494:Lord of the Animals 463:Gundestrup cauldron 283:Epigraphic evidence 142:Proto-Indo-European 35:Gundestrup Cauldron 25:The Cernunnos-type 4375:Gallia Narbonensis 4028: 4020: 3513:Ysbaddaden Bencawr 2860:Fionn mac Cumhaill 1834:Textes gallo-grecs 1542:41 (1937), p. 132. 1314:La langue gauloise 1278:2017-02-07 at the 1217:2019-08-21 at the 1195:42 (1925) 221–222. 1174:Xavier Delamarre, 1099:2023-07-19 at the 1024:2023-07-19 at the 994:2014-03-07 at the 840:In popular culture 767: 751: 656:Descent into Limbo 644: 474:ram-horned serpent 446: 301:, site of ancient 169:Continental Celtic 140:, ultimately from 100:Name and etymology 46: 4482: 4481: 4431:Matronae Aufaniae 4423:Germania Inferior 3900:Ialonus Contrebis 3715: 3714: 3711: 3710: 3652: 3651: 3599: 3598: 3546: 3545: 3542: 3541: 3373: 3372: 3320:Math fab Mathonwy 3145: 3144: 3102: 3101: 3098: 3097: 2925:Monster of Glamis 2920:Loch Ness Monster 2888: 2887: 2770: 2769: 2402: 2401: 1942: 1941: 1663:. 21 April 2017. 1597:"Ausilio Priuli, 1502:6 (2005), p. 310. 1489:34 (1959), p. 42. 1369:Gods of the Celts 972:978-2-877-72237-7 943:Delamarre, Xavier 879:Celtic polytheism 648:Stuttgart Psalter 641:Stuttgart Psalter 502:Pilier des nautes 428:Cernunnos on the 377:can be verified. 367:Tarvos Trigaranus 16:Celtic horned god 4542: 4357:Gallia Cisalpina 4153:Gallia Aquitania 3749:Celtic mythology 3742: 3735: 3728: 3719: 3718: 3658: 3657: 3605: 3604: 3552: 3551: 3390: 3389: 3379: 3378: 3295:Lleu Llaw Gyffes 3200:Brân the Blessed 3151: 3150: 3108: 3107: 2905: 2904: 2894: 2893: 2855:Fergus mac Róich 2776: 2775: 2697:Manannán mac Lir 2607:Cú Roí mac Daire 2408: 2407: 1948: 1947: 1915: 1914: 1907:Celtic mythology 1899: 1892: 1885: 1876: 1875: 1832:(RIG) volume 1, 1794: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1774: 1768: 1767: 1754: 1748: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1733: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1707: 1701: 1695: 1689: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1657: 1651: 1650: 1634: 1631:Celtic Mythology 1624: 1618: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1588: 1582: 1575: 1569: 1562: 1556: 1549: 1543: 1536: 1530: 1518: 1512: 1509: 1503: 1496: 1490: 1483: 1477: 1474: 1465: 1464: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1403: 1397: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1363: 1357: 1356: 1336: 1330: 1323: 1317: 1306: 1300: 1297: 1291: 1288: 1282: 1265: 1256: 1249: 1243: 1227: 1221: 1210: 1202: 1196: 1185: 1179: 1172: 1166: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1131: 1120: 1113: 1104: 1088: 1082: 1080: 1055: 1049: 1034: 1028: 1017:5 (1865), p. 11 1004: 998: 983: 977: 976: 963:Éditions Errance 939: 933: 921:Green, Miranda, 919: 894:Herne the Hunter 723:Etang-sur-Arroux 575:-like" god from 542:Clermont-Ferrand 294:Nautae Parisiaci 251:Greek characters 238:Nautae Parisiaci 180: 151: 150: 138: 129: 115: 110:, from the stem 109: 4550: 4549: 4545: 4544: 4543: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4485: 4484: 4483: 4478: 4445: 4417: 4369: 4351: 4253: 4180: 4147: 4029: 4009: 3890:Genii Cucullati 3773: 3752: 3746: 3716: 3707: 3663: 3648: 3610: 3595: 3557: 3538: 3517: 3499: 3490:Llamhigyn y Dŵr 3468: 3439:Bendith y Mamau 3431:Fairies/Spirits 3425: 3421:Adar Llwch Gwin 3409: 3384: 3369: 3156: 3141: 3113: 3094: 3078: 3062: 3046: 2955:Fairies/Spirits 2950: 2934: 2899: 2884: 2815:Cormac mac Airt 2805:Conán mac Morna 2781: 2766: 2413: 2398: 1955: 1938: 1920: 1909: 1903: 1865: 1802: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1756: 1755: 1751: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1730: 1720: 1718: 1709: 1708: 1704: 1696: 1692: 1684: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1659: 1658: 1654: 1647: 1625: 1621: 1610: 1608: 1595: 1589: 1585: 1576: 1572: 1563: 1559: 1550: 1546: 1537: 1533: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1497: 1493: 1484: 1480: 1475: 1468: 1437: 1433: 1418: 1404: 1400: 1391: 1387: 1380: 1364: 1360: 1353: 1337: 1333: 1324: 1320: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1280:Wayback Machine 1266: 1259: 1250: 1246: 1228: 1224: 1219:Wayback Machine 1203: 1199: 1186: 1182: 1173: 1169: 1159: 1157: 1150: 1132: 1123: 1114: 1107: 1101:Wayback Machine 1090:Bernard Maier, 1089: 1085: 1078: 1056: 1052: 1035: 1031: 1026:Wayback Machine 1005: 1001: 996:Wayback Machine 984: 980: 973: 965:. p. 106. 940: 936: 920: 916: 912: 870: 842: 811:Margaret Murray 801:tradition, the 791: 715: 664: 509:capital of the 422: 382:Steinsel-Rëlent 285: 191:Celtic polities 102: 70:horned serpents 17: 12: 11: 5: 4548: 4538: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4505:Fertility gods 4502: 4497: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4455: 4453: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4427: 4425: 4419: 4418: 4416: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4403:Lero et Lerina 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4379: 4377: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4367: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4263: 4261: 4259:Gallia Celtica 4255: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4190: 4188: 4186:Gallia Belgica 4182: 4181: 4179: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4157: 4155: 4149: 4148: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4039: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4012: 4010: 4008: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3781: 3779: 3778:Supra-regional 3775: 3774: 3757: 3754: 3753: 3745: 3744: 3737: 3730: 3722: 3713: 3712: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3705: 3696: 3687: 3678: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3654: 3653: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3629:Claíomh Solais 3626: 3621: 3615: 3612: 3611: 3601: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3558: 3548: 3547: 3544: 3543: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3536: 3531: 3525: 3523: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3515: 3509: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3498: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3476: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3454:Gwragedd Annwn 3451: 3446: 3441: 3435: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3417: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3407: 3402: 3396: 3394: 3386: 3385: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3370: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3161: 3158: 3157: 3147: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3118: 3115: 3114: 3104: 3103: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3095: 3093: 3092: 3086: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3063: 3061: 3060: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3044: 3039: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2958: 2956: 2952: 2951: 2949: 2948: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2935: 2933: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2911: 2909: 2901: 2900: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2817: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2795:Conall Cernach 2792: 2786: 2783: 2782: 2772: 2771: 2768: 2767: 2765: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2404: 2403: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2214:Hooded Spirits 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1944: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1911: 1910: 1902: 1901: 1894: 1887: 1879: 1873: 1872: 1864: 1863:External links 1861: 1860: 1859: 1852: 1837: 1826: 1811: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1769: 1749: 1728: 1702: 1690: 1678: 1652: 1645: 1619: 1583: 1570: 1557: 1544: 1531: 1513: 1504: 1491: 1478: 1466: 1431: 1416: 1398: 1385: 1378: 1358: 1351: 1331: 1318: 1301: 1292: 1283: 1257: 1244: 1222: 1197: 1193:Revue Celtique 1180: 1167: 1149:978-1851094400 1148: 1121: 1105: 1083: 1050: 1029: 999: 986:Pokorny (1959) 978: 971: 934: 913: 911: 908: 907: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 869: 866: 865: 864: 861:SCP Foundation 857: 850: 841: 838: 823:Gerald Gardner 790: 787: 714: 711: 695:Táin Bó Fraích 672:Conall Cernach 663: 660: 534:Cisalpine Gaul 421: 418: 284: 281: 261:(as καρνονου, 199:personal names 101: 98: 50:ancient Celtic 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4547: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4500:Commerce gods 4498: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4448: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4424: 4420: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4150: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 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3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3560: 3553: 3549: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3514: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3502: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3477: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3432: 3428: 3422: 3419: 3418: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3397: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3255:Dylan Ail Don 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3152: 3148: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3109: 3105: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3085: 3081: 3075: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3065: 3059: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3023: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2959: 2957: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2937: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2912: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2895: 2891: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2784: 2777: 2773: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2752:Sheela na gig 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 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1682: 1666: 1662: 1656: 1648: 1646:0-600-00647-6 1642: 1638: 1633: 1632: 1623: 1607:on 6 May 2006 1606: 1602: 1601:su "Itinera"" 1600: 1593: 1587: 1580: 1574: 1567: 1561: 1554: 1548: 1541: 1535: 1528: 1523: 1517: 1508: 1501: 1495: 1488: 1482: 1473: 1471: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1435: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1417:9780300165883 1413: 1409: 1402: 1395: 1389: 1381: 1379:9780752468112 1375: 1371: 1370: 1362: 1354: 1352:9781134893942 1348: 1345:. Routledge. 1344: 1343: 1335: 1328: 1322: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1296: 1287: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1270: 1264: 1262: 1254: 1248: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1233: 1226: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1208: 1201: 1194: 1190: 1184: 1177: 1171: 1155: 1151: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1118: 1112: 1110: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1087: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1054: 1047: 1046: 1041: 1040: 1033: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1009: 1003: 997: 993: 990: 987: 982: 974: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 938: 932: 931:0-297-83365-0 928: 924: 918: 914: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 871: 862: 858: 855: 851: 848: 844: 843: 837: 835: 831: 826: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 807:Great Goddess 804: 800: 796: 786: 784: 780: 777:, one of the 776: 772: 764: 760: 755: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 719: 710: 707: 702: 698: 696: 692: 687: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 659: 657: 653: 649: 642: 637: 633: 631: 630:Julius Caesar 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 610: 605: 600: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 522: 520: 516: 512: 508: 503: 498: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 466: 464: 460: 455: 451: 443: 439: 435: 431: 426: 417: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 394:Deo Ceruninco 391: 387: 383: 378: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 339:Roman deities 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 317: 313: 310: 309: 304: 300: 296: 295: 289: 280: 278: 275: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 239: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 213: 211: 207: 202: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 179: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 153: 152: 149: 143: 139: 137: 131:and Germanic 130: 128: 122: 119: 114: 108: 97: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 44: 40: 36: 32: 28: 23: 19: 4520:Hunting gods 4510:Gaulish gods 4229:Iovantucarus 4068:Belatucadros 4018:Celtic wheel 3839: 3800:Anextiomarus 3758: 3444:Brenin Llwyd 3285:Gwyn ap Nudd 2747:Plor na mBan 2567:Cenn Cruaich 2123: 2059:Belatucadros 2024:Anextiomarus 1855: 1840: 1833: 1829: 1814: 1805: 1786:. Retrieved 1772: 1761: 1752: 1740:. Retrieved 1731: 1719:. Retrieved 1705: 1697: 1693: 1686: 1681: 1669:. Retrieved 1655: 1630: 1622: 1609:. Retrieved 1605:the original 1598: 1591: 1586: 1578: 1573: 1565: 1560: 1552: 1547: 1539: 1534: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1507: 1499: 1494: 1486: 1481: 1444: 1440: 1434: 1407: 1401: 1393: 1388: 1368: 1361: 1341: 1334: 1326: 1321: 1313: 1310:Dictionnaire 1309: 1304: 1295: 1286: 1268: 1252: 1247: 1230: 1225: 1206: 1200: 1192: 1188: 1183: 1175: 1170: 1158:. Retrieved 1139: 1116: 1092: 1086: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1043: 1037: 1032: 1014: 1011:commentaries 1002: 981: 950: 946: 937: 922: 917: 846: 827: 818: 792: 770: 768: 703: 699: 694: 688: 683: 680:Ulster Cycle 667: 665: 645: 607: 601: 569:Celtiberians 566: 530:Val Camonica 523: 506: 501: 499: 467: 447: 413: 406:service-tree 401: 397: 393: 379: 374: 370: 306: 292: 290: 286: 276: 262: 236: 214: 209: 205: 203: 185:(κάρνυξ) by 167:branches of 156: 154: 144: 132: 124: 120: 118:augmentative 103: 61: 57: 47: 18: 4525:Nature gods 4515:Horned gods 4495:Animal gods 4464:Endovelicus 4214:Icovellauna 4113:Ricagambeda 3990:Telesphorus 3945:Nantosuelta 3676:Calan Gaeaf 3464:Tylwyth Teg 3180:King Arthur 3017:Meg Mullach 3007:Ghillie Dhu 2602:Crom Cruach 2304:Ricagambeda 2269:Nantosuelta 2229:Icovellauna 2169:Dea Matrona 1742:19 February 1671:6 September 1308:Delamarre, 1136:"Celticism" 854:Nathan Head 795:Neopaganism 783:hagiography 739:tricephalic 654:within the 550:Petersfield 546:Cirencester 432:, from the 420:Iconography 369:. The name 335:low reliefs 271:Gallo-Latin 267:dative case 155:The etymon 4489:Categories 4441:Nehalennia 4398:Cathubodua 4365:Ambisagrus 4312:Moritasgus 4277:Atepomarus 4234:Veraudunus 4176:Sexarbores 4048:Alaisiagae 3703:Calan Awst 3699:Lughnasadh 3644:Spear Lúin 3619:Caledfwlch 3586:Drom Asail 3581:Tír na nÓg 3485:Ceffyl Dŵr 3225:Creiddylad 3210:Caswallawn 3195:Blodeuwedd 3037:Shellycoat 3022:Nuckelavee 3002:Each-uisge 2987:Changeling 2962:Bean-nighe 2820:Cúchulainn 2627:Dian Cecht 2547:Buarainech 2502:Bé Chuille 2119:Cathubodua 1999:Ambisagrus 1905:Topics in 1800:References 1788:15 October 1594:, p. 156; 1447:: 80–111. 1045:Carnonacae 904:Naigamesha 899:Horned God 803:Horned God 676:Cuchulainn 597:Pontevedra 577:Candelario 567:Among the 554:Vendeuvres 526:petroglyph 412:, Gaulish 386:Luxembourg 229:psychopomp 86:cornucopia 43:Copenhagen 31:horned god 29:figure or 4451:Gallaecia 4436:Gebrinius 4342:Smertrios 4249:Xulsigiae 4239:Vindonnus 4224:Intarabus 4133:Vinotonus 4088:Coventina 4073:Britannia 4063:Arnemetia 4043:Abandinus 4035:Britannia 4000:Virotutis 3915:Loucetios 3865:Dis Pater 3850:Cissonius 3845:Cicolluis 3840:Cernunnos 3830:Brigantia 3771:by region 3769:Gallaecia 3694:Calan Mai 3685:Gŵyl Fair 3662:Festivals 3634:Fragarach 3591:Hy-Brasil 3556:Locations 3449:Cyhyraeth 3400:Cŵn Annwn 3345:Penarddun 3315:Manawydan 3270:Euroswydd 3235:Cyhyraeth 3190:Beli Mawr 3175:Arianrhod 3042:Wirry-cow 2915:Gigelorum 2830:Deichtine 2800:Conchobar 2712:Mog Ruith 2682:Luchtaine 2662:Fionnuala 2612:The Dagda 2517:Bodb Derg 2349:Smertrios 2244:Loucetios 2174:Dīs Pater 2164:Dea Latis 2154:Coventina 2149:Contrebis 2129:Cissonius 2124:Cernunnos 2099:Britannia 2094:Brigantia 2034:Arnemetia 1979:Adsullata 1964:Abandinus 1934:Cailleach 1599:Piancogno 1568:, p. 227. 1453:1545-0155 1426:808346501 1396:, p. 228. 1067:Carneolus 889:Green Man 847:Perennial 834:Green Man 626:Dis Pater 581:Salamanca 560:found on 375:ernunnos" 371:Cernunnos 363:Smertrios 277:carnuātus 274:adjective 265:, in the 255:Montagnac 225:Dis Pater 206:Cernunnos 58:Cernunnos 33:, on the 4413:Rudianos 4408:Nemausus 4383:Albiorix 4337:Souconna 4302:Nemetona 4297:Luxovius 4287:Gobannus 4272:Anvallus 4209:Arvernus 4204:Arduinna 4083:Cocidius 4058:Andraste 4005:Visucius 3995:Toutatis 3980:Suleviae 3975:Sucellus 3960:Rosmerta 3855:Condatis 3820:Belisama 3790:Alisanos 3639:Gáe Bulg 3571:Mag Mell 3529:Coblynau 3459:Gwyllion 3365:Taliesin 3360:Rhiannon 3275:Gofannon 3260:Efnysien 3215:Ceridwen 3185:Afallach 3165:Amaethon 3132:Scáthach 3032:Seonaidh 3012:Glaistig 2982:Cat-sìth 2977:Caoineag 2840:Diarmuid 2717:Morrígan 2597:Creidhne 2587:Cliodhna 2577:Cethlenn 2482:Bánánach 2422:Abartach 2389:Visucius 2379:Toutatis 2359:Suleviae 2354:Sucellus 2324:Rudianos 2319:Rosmerta 2289:Nicnevin 2284:Nemausus 2279:Nemetona 2254:Luxovius 2219:Herecura 2144:Condatis 2139:Cocidius 2074:Bergusia 2069:Belisama 2049:Aufaniae 2044:Arvernus 2029:Arduinna 2019:Andraste 1994:Alisanos 1919:Creation 1782:Archived 1715:Archived 1665:Archived 1564:Porter, 1487:Speculum 1461:25660728 1276:Archived 1240:Tiberius 1215:Archived 1189:cornutus 1160:17 March 1154:Archived 1097:Archived 1075:Carnicus 1063:Carnatus 1059:Carnarus 1057:Such as 1022:Archived 992:Archived 945:(2003). 868:See also 593:Lourizán 585:Ríotinto 538:Besançon 472:and the 341:such as 263:karnonou 233:chthonic 210:Carnonos 195:Carnutes 165:Galatian 148:*k̑r̥no- 107:Karnonos 62:Carnonos 27:antlered 4393:Buxenus 4388:Artaius 4332:Sequana 4292:Icaunis 4267:Acionna 4244:Vosegus 4219:Inciona 4199:Ancamna 4161:Abellio 4143:Veteris 4138:Verbeia 4118:Satiada 4053:Ancasta 4026:Taranis 3985:Taranis 3935:Matrona 3925:Maponos 3910:Litavis 3895:Grannus 3880:Erecura 3835:Camulus 3815:Belenus 3795:Andarta 3785:Alaunus 3765:Britain 3690:Beltane 3672:Samhain 3624:Dyrnwyn 3609:Weapons 3522:Goblins 3495:Morgens 3405:Gwyllgi 3350:Pryderi 3335:Ogyruan 3280:Gwydion 3230:Culhwch 3205:Branwen 3137:Uathach 3090:Bauchan 3083:Goblins 2992:Cù-sìth 2972:Brownie 2946:Boobrie 2850:Ferdiad 2835:Deirdre 2757:Tailtiu 2672:Goibniu 2572:Cessair 2542:Bronach 2437:Alastir 2394:Vosegus 2384:Verbeia 2374:Taranis 2369:Tamesis 2339:Sequana 2259:Maponos 2239:Litavis 2234:Inciona 2224:Icaunus 2209:Grannus 2194:Erecura 2114:Camulus 2104:Buxenus 2079:Bormana 2064:Belenus 2014:Andarta 2009:Ancasta 2004:Ancamna 1989:Alaunus 1969:Abellio 1721:18 June 1611:2 April 1237:emperor 1071:Carnius 1019:online. 1008:Homeric 859:In the 793:Within 721:God of 684:Cernach 678:in the 622:Jupiter 618:Actaeon 614:Mercury 562:Jutland 515:Treveri 507:civitas 459:Buddhic 448:On the 414:Alisiia 390:Treveri 343:Jupiter 319:Parisii 314:of the 312:capital 308:civitas 303:Lutetia 259:Hérault 243:Parisii 221:Mercury 161:Gaulish 4459:Bandua 4307:Moccus 4282:Bricta 4194:Abnoba 4123:Senuna 4108:Ocelus 4103:Nodens 3970:Sirona 3965:Segomo 3955:Ritona 3950:Ogmios 3940:Mogons 3930:Matres 3870:Divona 3860:Damona 3751:series 3681:Imbolc 3393:Beasts 3330:Nisien 3325:Modron 3290:Hafgan 3127:Connla 3067:Gnomes 3027:Selkie 2997:Dunnie 2967:Bodach 2930:Wulver 2908:Beasts 2865:Lugaid 2825:Cumhal 2790:Caílte 2762:Tethra 2727:Nemain 2642:Ethniu 2632:Elatha 2562:Carman 2557:Canola 2537:Brigid 2497:Béḃinn 2462:Airmed 2452:Aimend 2447:Aibell 2432:Aengus 2427:Abhean 2344:Sirona 2329:Segomo 2309:Ritona 2299:Ogmios 2294:Nodens 2264:Matres 2184:Dusios 2179:Divona 2159:Damona 2089:Bricta 1984:Agronā 1974:Abnoba 1847:  1821:  1643:  1459:  1451:  1424:  1414:  1376:  1349:  1146:  1073:, and 969:  959:France 929:  832:, The 799:Wiccan 747:France 731:snakes 691:Conall 624:, and 589:Huelva 482:Rheims 442:France 410:Alesia 402:Alisia 365:, and 355:Pollux 351:Castor 349:, and 347:Vulcan 333:. Its 316:Celtic 305:, the 183:carnyx 178:karnon 136:hurnaz 113:karnon 90:Celtic 4535:Wicca 4469:Nabia 4327:Robor 4322:Naria 4317:Mullo 4171:Fagus 4128:Sulis 4098:Latis 4093:Iouga 4078:Clota 3920:Lugus 3905:Lenus 3875:Epona 3825:Borvo 3810:Aveta 3805:Artio 3576:Sídhe 3566:Annwn 3505:Cewri 3480:Afanc 3414:Birds 3355:Pwyll 3340:Olwen 3310:Mabon 3305:Lludd 3220:Cigfa 3170:Arawn 3058:Ceasg 2939:Birds 2880:Oscar 2875:Oisín 2737:Nuada 2732:Niamh 2707:Midir 2702:Miach 2692:Macha 2667:Fódla 2647:Ethne 2637:Étaín 2512:Boann 2507:Birog 2487:Banba 2477:Balor 2364:Sulis 2334:Senua 2314:Robor 2274:Naria 2249:Lugus 2204:Fagus 2189:Epona 2134:Clota 2109:Camma 2084:Borvo 2054:Aveta 2039:Artio 1929:Beira 1457:JSTOR 1039:Carni 1036:Also 955:Paris 949:[ 910:Notes 763:Italy 652:hades 573:Janus 478:bulls 454:torcs 438:Paris 327:Paris 269:). A 247:Gauls 157:karn- 134:* 127:cornu 78:bulls 76:and 66:stags 4474:Reue 4347:Telo 4166:Baco 3885:Esus 3767:and 3761:Gaul 3534:Pwca 3300:Llŷr 3265:Elen 3250:Dwyn 3240:Dewi 3122:Aífe 3074:Peck 3051:Fish 2870:Medb 2845:Emer 2742:Ogma 2722:Neit 2687:Lugh 2657:Fand 2652:Ériu 2622:Donn 2617:Danu 2592:Corb 2582:Cian 2552:Caer 2532:Bres 2527:Breg 2522:Brea 2492:Beag 2472:Badb 2457:Áine 2199:Esus 1845:ISBN 1819:ISBN 1790:2023 1763:IMDb 1744:2024 1723:2023 1673:2021 1641:ISBN 1637:47–8 1613:2009 1449:ISSN 1422:OCLC 1412:ISBN 1374:ISBN 1347:ISBN 1162:2021 1144:ISBN 1042:and 967:ISBN 927:ISBN 771:life 735:deer 727:torc 668:cern 540:and 511:Remi 500:The 490:rats 488:and 486:dogs 480:(at 470:stag 359:Esus 353:and 291:The 163:and 121:-no- 94:Gaul 82:torc 74:dogs 52:and 3245:Dôn 2677:Lir 2467:Anu 1232:CIL 830:Pan 773:of 532:in 528:in 484:), 416:). 404:, " 384:in 325:in 253:at 231:or 223:or 219:as 212:). 60:or 48:In 41:in 4491:: 3763:, 2442:Ai 1780:. 1760:. 1639:. 1469:^ 1455:. 1445:23 1443:. 1420:. 1260:^ 1152:. 1124:^ 1108:^ 1069:, 1065:, 1061:, 961:: 957:, 761:, 741:. 616:, 521:. 465:. 440:, 361:, 345:, 257:, 171:. 96:. 72:, 68:, 56:, 3741:e 3734:t 3727:v 3701:/ 3692:/ 3683:/ 3674:/ 1898:e 1891:t 1884:v 1851:. 1825:. 1792:. 1766:. 1746:. 1725:. 1675:. 1649:. 1617:. 1615:. 1463:. 1428:. 1382:. 1355:. 1242:. 1164:. 1079:" 1048:. 975:. 765:. 749:. 595:( 587:( 579:( 457:" 444:.

Index


antlered
horned god
Gundestrup Cauldron
National Museum of Denmark
Copenhagen
ancient Celtic
Gallo-Roman religion
stags
horned serpents
dogs
bulls
torc
cornucopia
Celtic
Gaul
augmentative
Proto-Indo-European
*k̑r̥no-
Gaulish
Galatian
Continental Celtic
Hesychius of Alexandria
carnyx
Eustathius of Thessalonica
Celtic polities
Carnutes
personal names
interpretatio Romana
Mercury

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