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1033:. To Thomas, the framing of his image by the far left threatened to grievously degrade his character in the popular imagination. Soviet-inspired communism was a new element in European politics, and cartoonists unrestrained by tradition tested the boundaries of libel law. Thomas won the lawsuit and restored his reputation.
1168:
1139:; the publisher sent observers around the country to talk to boys and learn what they wanted to read about. The story line in magazines, comic books and cinema that most appealed to boys was the glamorous heroism of British soldiers fighting wars that were exciting and just. DC Thomson issued the first
1016:
Political cartoons can be humorous or satirical, sometimes with piercing effect. The target of the humor may complain, but can seldom fight back. Lawsuits have been very rare; the first successful lawsuit against a cartoonist in over a century in
Britain came in 1921, when
926:
Political cartoons are like illustrated editorials that serve visual commentaries on political events. They offer subtle criticism which are cleverly quoted with humour and satire to the extent that the criticized does not get embittered.
1213:
designates any style of illustrated images seen in rapid succession to give the impression of movement, the word "cartoon" is most often used as a descriptor for television programs and short films aimed at children, possibly featuring
2061:
875:
in the United
Kingdom, are found daily in newspapers worldwide, and are usually a short series of cartoon illustrations in sequence. In the United States, they are not commonly called "cartoons" themselves, but rather "comics" or
1145:
in
December 1937. It had a revolutionary design that broke away from the usual children's comics that were published broadsheet in size and not very colourful. Thomson capitalized on its success with a similar product
208:
Such cartoons often have pinpricks along the outlines of the design so that a bag of soot patted or "pounced" over a cartoon, held against the wall, would leave black dots on the plaster ("pouncing"). Cartoons by
233:
would replicate the design. As tapestries are worked from behind, a mirror could be placed behind the loom to allow the weaver to see their work; in such cases the cartoon was placed behind the weaver.
950:, and has been referred to as the father of the political cartoon. By calling the king, prime ministers and generals to account for their behaviour, many of Gillray's satires were directed against
841:. The art usually acts as a visual metaphor to illustrate a point of view on current social or political topics. Editorial cartoons often include speech balloons and sometimes use multiple panels.
938:
produced some of the first overtly political cartoons and caricatures in the 1750s. The medium began to develop in the latter part of the 18th century under the direction of its great exponents,
966:
became the leading cartoonist in the period following
Gillray, from 1815 until the 1840s. His career was renowned for his social caricatures of English life for popular publications.
989:, in New York City, showed how realistic German drawing techniques could redefine American cartooning. His 160 cartoons relentlessly pursued the criminal characteristic of the
2100:– 150 cartoons on elections 1860–1912; Reconstruction topics; Chinese exclusion; plus American Political Prints from the Library of Congress, 1766–1876 (archived 31 July 2010)
892:". Although humor is the most prevalent subject matter, adventure and drama are also represented in this medium. Some noteworthy cartoonists of humorous comic strips are
2105:
1495:
337:
Modern single-panel gag cartoons, found in magazines, generally consist of a single drawing with a typeset caption positioned beneath, or, less often, a
205:). In media such as stained tapestry or stained glass, the cartoon was handed over by the artist to the skilled craftsmen who produced the final work.
2083:
833:
are found almost exclusively in news publications and news websites. Although they also employ humor, they are more serious in tone, commonly using
56:
or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for
1911:
993:
in New York City, and helped bring it down. Indeed, Tweed was arrested in Spain when police identified him from Nast's cartoons. In
Britain, Sir
1029:. Thomas claimed defamation in the form of cartoons and words depicting the events of "Black Friday", when he allegedly betrayed the locked-out
821:
comic strip. The sports section of newspapers usually featured cartoons, sometimes including syndicated features such as
Chester "Chet" Brown's
68:; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a
1563:'Please, Sir, he called me "Jimmy!' Political Cartooning before the Law: 'Black Friday', J.H. Thomas, and the Communist Libel Trial of 1921",
105:
magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous artworks in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for
2067:
2149:
1455:
1762:
Comic Art in
America: A Social History of the Funnies, the Political Cartoons, Magazine Humor, Sporting Cartoons, and Animated Cartoons
1254:
985:
By the mid 19th century, major political newspapers in many other countries featured cartoons commenting on the politics of the day.
935:
781:
1233:, referring to characters in animated productions. This term was popularized in 1988 by the combined live-action/animated film
1030:
2055:
1966:
1947:
1928:
1778:
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In print media, a cartoon is a drawing or series of drawings, usually humorous in intent. This usage dates from 1843, when
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2119:
1887:
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1845:
1808:
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Doomed by
Cartoon: How Cartoonist Thomas Nast and the New York Times Brought Down Boss Tweed and His Ring of Thieves
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Comics through Time: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas [4 volumes]: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas
951:
954:, depicting him as a pretentious buffoon, while the bulk of his work was dedicated to ridiculing the ambitions of
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2089:
424:
32:
Example of a modern cartoon. The text was excerpted by cartoonist Greg
Williams from the Knowledge article on
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1006:
806:
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371:
the father of the modern gag cartoon (as did Arno himself). The roster of magazine gag cartoonists includes
1647:
Boys Will Be Boys: The Story of
Sweeney Todd, Deadwood Dick, Sexton Blake, Billy Bunter, Dick Barton et al.
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774:
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2177:
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looked at daily life in the chemistry lab. In the U.S., one well-known cartoonist for these fields is
225:, are highly prized in their own right. Tapestry cartoons, usually colored, could be placed behind the
2095:
515:
277:. The first of these parodied the preparatory cartoons for grand historical frescoes in the then-new
274:
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1584:(2001). "Comedy at the Juncture of Word and Image". In Varnum, Robin; Gibbons, Christina T. (eds.).
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is regarded as a precursor to the development of political cartoons in 18th century England.
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magazine applied the term to satirical drawings in its pages, particularly sketches by
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Because of the stylistic similarities between comic strips and early animated films,
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Artist Of Wonderland: The Life, Political Cartoons, And Illustrations Of Tenniel
2013:
1991:
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1128:" with original material, or occasionally reprints of newspaper comic strips.
946:, both from London. Gillray explored the use of the medium for lampooning and
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2005:
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In the United States in the 1930s, books with cartoons were magazine-format "
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113:. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to
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341:. Newspaper syndicates have also distributed single-panel gag cartoons by
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2019:
1912:"Satire, sewers and statesmen: why James Gillray was king of the cartoon"
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1396:"Substance and Shadow: Original Editorial Accompanying "Cartoon, No. I""
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began as magazine gag cartoonists and moved to syndicated comic strips.
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in 1850, and over 50 years contributed over two thousand cartoons.
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Cartoonist's Bible: An Essential Reference for Practicing Artist
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1025:(NUR), initiated libel proceedings against the magazine of the
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magazines became quite popular, especially those published by
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2106:"Adventures in Nomenclature: Literal, Liberal and Freestyle"
1541:
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1043:
226:
1529:
1222:, the adventures of child protagonists or related themes.
2070:
with British and American cartoons (archived 19 May 2011)
1456:"The Peter Arno Cartoons That Help Rescue The New Yorker"
880:". Nonetheless, the creators of comic strips—as well as
163:—words describing strong, heavy paper or pasteboard and
1517:
1326:
1717:
European tapestry in the Minneapolis Institute of Arts
1679:
1477:
1475:
1376:
1940:
The Animated Bestiary: Animals, Cartoons, and Culture
1899:
The Comics: An Illustrated History of Comic Strip Art
1507:
1505:
1338:
74:, and in the second sense they are usually called an
1981:
193:. Cartoons were typically used in the production of
1691:
1472:
1435:
2084:Index of cartoonists in the Fred Waring Collection
2074:"Graphic Witness" political caricatures in history
2064:– cartoons and photos (archived 25 February 2011)
1829:
1502:
2133:
1115:(first appearing in 1867) and the American strip
2159:
2153:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). pp. 434–435.
1921:The Best of Punch Cartoons: 2,000 Humor Classics
1099:cartoons were of a humorous tone. Notable early
1658:
1790:The Smithsonian Collection of Newspaper Comics
1005:took up the new genre of political and social
1854:
1547:
1239:, followed in 1990 by the animated TV series
997:was the toast of London. In France under the
775:
1720:. Minnesota: Minneapolis Institute of Arts.
1047:have also found their place in the world of
1855:Morris, Frankie; Tenniel, Sir John (2005).
1760:Becker, Stephen D.; Goldberg, Rube (1959).
143:, a full-size cartoon design for a tapestry
1787:
1255:Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum
782:
768:
99:window. In the 19th century, beginning in
1796:
1734:
1535:
1523:
1382:
1332:
809:illustrated numerous feature articles in
1896:
1882:. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1166:
1159:have been created for book publication.
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283:
241:
171:) is a full-size drawing made on sturdy
124:
27:
2090:International Society for Humor Studies
1918:
1713:
1685:
1493:
1356:
1344:
1205:is currently used in reference to both
2160:
1956:
1909:
1768:
1759:
1586:The Language of Comics: Word and Image
1580:
1511:
1453:
1441:
1321:
1071:'s cartoons have a scientific flavor.
1009:, most famously lampooning the rotund
2103:
1937:
1875:
1697:
1481:
1308:
117:films that resembled print cartoons.
1824:
977:: "Who stole the people's money?" /
48:that is typically drawn, frequently
1496:"Birth of England's pocket cartoon"
1103:include the Swiss comic-strip book
13:
1797:Constable, William George (1954).
1735:Adler, John; Hill, Draper (2008).
281:in London.
219:Francisco Goya's tapestry cartoons
16:Type of two-dimensional visual art
14:
2204:
2139:Spielmann, Marion Harry Alexander
1977:
1938:Wells, Paul (November 28, 2008).
2040:
2026:
2012:
1998:
1984:
1910:Rowson, Martin (21 March 2015).
1861:. University of Virginia Press.
1832:The World Encyclopedia of Comics
1620:. March 18, 2008. Archived from
751:
396:
311:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
2056:Dan Becker, History of Cartoons
1706:
1652:
1636:
1606:
1590:University Press of Mississippi
1574:
1553:
1487:
1454:Maslin, Michael (May 5, 2016).
1447:
1803:. Courier Dover Publications.
1788:Blackbeard, Bill, ed. (1977).
1410:
1388:
1350:
1296:
1074:
83:The concept originated in the
1:
1614:"A History of the Comic Book"
1290:
1280:List of editorial cartoonists
1036:
888:—are usually referred to as "
516:Comics by country and culture
322:Cartoons can be divided into
237:
137:
1942:. Rutgers University Press.
1565:Contemporary British History
1303:Merriam-Webster's Dictionary
1162:
1023:National Union of Railwaymen
915:
7:
2086:(archived 10 December 2009)
1923:. England: Overlook Press.
1773:. London: Chartwell Books.
1248:
1121:(first appearing in 1895).
1059:. For example, the cartoon
120:
10:
2209:
2183:Film and video terminology
1792:. Smithsonian Inst. Press.
1186:
1109:(1837), the British strip
1084:
1078:
919:
361:and others. Many consider
18:
2135:Rossetti, William Michael
1769:Bishop, Franklin (2009).
1714:Adelson, Candace (1994).
1548:Morris & Tenniel 2005
1422:National Portrait Gallery
1209:and gag cartoons. While
1131:In Britain in the 1930s,
2104:Fiore, R. (2010-01-31).
2058:(archived 14 March 2019)
1897:Robinson, Jerry (1974).
1665:. Abc-Clio. p. 74.
1659:M. Keith Booker (2014).
1359:"History of the Cartoon"
930:The pictorial satire of
130:Christ's Charge to Peter
21:Cartoon (disambiguation)
2150:Encyclopædia Britannica
1919:Walasek, Helen (2009).
1876:Press, Charles (1981).
1764:. Simon & Schuster.
1743:Morgan James Publishing
1643:Ernest Sackville Turner
1236:Who Framed Roger Rabbit
1155:On some occasions, new
1027:British Communist Party
201:over a series of days (
2092:(archived 17 May 2008)
1957:Yockey, Steve (2008).
1800:The Painter's Workshop
1184:
1183:'s 19th-century photos
982:
301:
264:
160:
152:
144:
37:
1879:The Political Cartoon
1536:Adler & Hill 2008
1524:Adler & Hill 2008
1383:Adler & Hill 2008
1187:Further information:
1170:
972:
843:Editorial cartoonists
287:
279:Palace of Westminster
253:(1843), published as
245:
128:
31:
1285:List of comic strips
1242:Tiny Toon Adventures
1126:American comic books
1021:, the leader of the
956:revolutionary France
815:before creating his
681:South African comics
251:Substance and Shadow
19:For other uses, see
2116:Fantagraphics Books
2062:Marchand collection
1498:. The Free Library.
1398:. Victorian web.org
1275:List of cartoonists
1011:King Louis Philippe
812:The Washington Post
2193:1843 introductions
2178:Visual arts genres
2173:Comics terminology
2111:The Comics Journal
2034:Visual arts portal
1903:G.P. Putnam's Sons
1418:"Sir John Tenniel"
1185:
1181:Eadweard Muybridge
1031:Miners' Federation
983:
831:Editorial cartoons
328:editorial cartoons
302:
290:Davy Jones' Locker
265:
221:, and examples by
145:
107:political cartoons
38:
1968:978-0-573-66383-3
1961:. Samuel French.
1949:978-0-8135-4643-8
1930:978-1-5902-0308-8
1780:978-0-7858-2085-7
1752:978-1-60037-443-2
1599:978-1-57806-414-4
1571:(4), pp. 521–550.
1538:, pp. 49–50.
1229:was shortened to
1216:anthropomorphized
1207:animated cartoons
1197:came to refer to
1091:Teen humor comics
1087:History of comics
1041:Cartoons such as
973:Nast depicts the
964:George Cruikshank
944:Thomas Rowlandson
922:Political cartoon
792:
791:
758:Comics portal
701:Vietnamese comics
671:Portuguese comics
661:Philippine comics
642:
575:
557:Australian comics
553:
497:Political cartoon
223:Leonardo da Vinci
2200:
2154:
2146:
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2127:
2118:. Archived from
2079:Keppler cartoons
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1189:Animated cartoon
1175:horse, drawn by
1173:animated cartoon
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936:George Townshend
871:, also known as
845:of note include
807:Richard Thompson
784:
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770:
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656:Pakistani comics
636:
609:Hungarian comics
569:
562:Brazilian comics
539:
530:Argentine comics
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386:
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377:Charles Barsotti
326:, which include
308:—illustrator of
215:Raphael Cartoons
147:A cartoon (from
142:
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134:Raphael Cartoons
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2144:"Cartoon"
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2097:Harper's Weekly
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1914:. The Guardian.
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1142:The Dandy Comic
1133:adventure comic
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978:
932:William Hogarth
924:
918:
788:
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599:European comics
584:Croatian comics
579:Canadian comics
536:Bande dessinées
525:American comics
487:Trade paperback
405:
297:cartoon by Sir
240:
175:as a design or
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2068:Stamp Act 1765
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2009:
1995:
1992:Cartoon portal
1979:
1978:External links
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1688:, p. 116.
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1624:on 25 May 2013
1618:Random History
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1592:. p. 77.
1573:
1552:
1550:, p. 344.
1540:
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1460:The New Yorker
1446:
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1349:
1347:, p. 330.
1337:
1335:, p. 115.
1333:Constable 1954
1325:
1307:
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1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1270:Comics studies
1267:
1262:
1257:
1250:
1247:
1225:In the 1980s,
1164:
1161:
1106:Mr. Vieux Bois
1079:Main article:
1076:
1073:
1038:
1035:
1003:Honoré Daumier
920:Main article:
917:
914:
910:Bill Watterson
898:Charles Schulz
886:graphic novels
873:cartoon strips
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339:speech balloon
255:Cartoon, No. 1
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2124:. Retrieved
2120:the original
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1814:. Retrieved
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1707:Bibliography
1693:
1686:Walasek 2009
1681:
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1626:. Retrieved
1622:the original
1617:
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1367:. Retrieved
1363:the original
1352:
1345:Adelson 1994
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1157:gag cartoons
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1101:humor comics
1100:
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1019:J. H. Thomas
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995:John Tenniel
984:
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869:Comic strips
868:
867:
830:
829:
824:All in Sport
822:
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799:Jerry Marcus
793:
619:Irish comics
594:Dutch comics
589:Czech comics
534:
451:Photo comics
445:
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332:comic strips
324:gag cartoons
321:
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306:John Tenniel
303:
299:John Tenniel
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229:, where the
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111:comic strips
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2188:Film genres
2048:Film portal
2020:Arts portal
1512:Rowson 2015
1442:Bishop 2009
1322:Becker 1959
1220:superheroes
1177:rotoscoping
1112:Ally Sloper
1097:comic-strip
1075:Comic books
1069:Gary Larson
1053:mathematics
987:Thomas Nast
981:'Twas him."
906:Mort Walker
902:E. C. Segar
894:Scott Adams
890:cartoonists
882:comic books
859:Mike Peters
722:Cartoonists
691:Thai comics
482:Gag cartoon
472:Comic strip
367:cartoonist
351:Gary Larson
347:Bill Holman
217:in London,
141: 1516
85:Middle Ages
54:unrealistic
2168:Cartooning
2162:Categories
2126:2013-02-05
1816:20 January
1698:Wells 2008
1482:Press 1981
1465:2018-09-16
1402:29 October
1369:2007-11-01
1291:References
1260:Caricature
1137:DC Thomson
1118:Yellow Kid
1095:The first
1085:See also:
1081:Comic book
1067:. Many of
1057:technology
1037:Scientific
1007:caricature
975:Tweed Ring
952:George III
948:caricature
818:Cul de Sac
795:Bill Hoest
732:Publishers
727:Collecting
467:Comic book
446:Cartooning
369:Peter Arno
364:New Yorker
359:Fred Neher
343:Mel Calman
275:John Leech
247:John Leech
238:Mass media
71:cartoonist
62:caricature
46:visual art
1427:26 August
1218:animals,
1211:animation
1199:animation
1163:Animation
1152:in 1938.
1149:The Beano
1061:Wonderlab
916:Political
851:David Low
709:Community
639:Hong Kong
420:Education
34:Dr. Seuss
2141:(1911).
1828:(1976).
1249:See also
960:Napoleon
847:Herblock
502:Webcomic
425:Glossary
381:Chon Day
211:painters
203:giornate
195:frescoes
191:tapestry
183:painting
165:cognates
121:Fine art
115:animated
93:tapestry
77:animator
52:, in an
50:animated
1959:Cartoon
1628:16 July
1567:(2011)
1227:cartoon
1203:cartoon
1195:cartoon
1049:science
878:funnies
742:Writers
542:Belgium
507:Webtoon
438:Methods
430:History
315:joined
293:, 1892
199:plaster
178:modello
153:cartone
149:Italian
42:cartoon
1965:
1946:
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1596:
1265:Comics
1055:, and
861:, and
839:satire
801:, and
717:Awards
646:Manhwa
634:Manhua
550:Quebec
546:France
390:Comics
379:, and
330:, and
231:weaver
181:for a
169:carton
161:karton
89:fresco
58:satire
1179:from
835:irony
737:Sales
629:Manga
317:Punch
295:Punch
270:Punch
260:Punch
189:, or
173:paper
157:Dutch
102:Punch
95:, or
66:humor
64:, or
1963:ISBN
1944:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1884:ISBN
1863:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1818:2013
1805:ISBN
1775:ISBN
1747:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1667:ISBN
1630:2014
1594:ISBN
1429:2022
1404:2023
1231:toon
1089:and
1044:xkcd
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