38:
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502:, were often delivered to overseas air bases by aircraft carrier. They would be loaded onto an aircraft carrier in port by cranes, flown off the carrier at sea near their destination under their own power, and land on a friendly airfield ashore. These were not usually combat missions but in some cases the launched aircraft provided air cover for the ship, and the aircraft could not be recovered by the carrier.
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in this manner. This was possible because the ship's speed with even the lightest prevailing winds, combined with a low take-off speed allowed early aircraft to gain flying speed in a very short distance. The most extreme version of this was the battleship platforms used during the 1920s when small,
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Prior to World War II, the weight of most aircraft allowed them to be launched from aircraft carriers under their own power, but required assistance in stopping. Catapults were installed but were used only when the ship was stationary or adequate wind over the deck could not be arranged by sailing
78:. Carrier-based aircraft must be able to launch in a short distance and be sturdy enough to withstand the abrupt forces of launching from and recovering on a pitching deck. In addition, their wings are generally able to fold up, easing operations in tight quarters.
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grew between the wars, driven by the increased range, carrying power, and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft, until it became impossible to disregard its importance during World War II, following the loss of many warships to aircraft, including the
299:. Although this system is more costly than alternative methods, it provides greater flexibility in carrier operations, since it allows the aircraft to operate with higher payloads. Ships with CATOBAR currently include the U.S.
397:, combining elements of both STOVL and CATOBAR. Aircraft launch under their own power using a ski-jump to assist take-off (rather than using a catapult). These are conventional aircraft however and require
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have been successfully landed and launched from large aircraft carriers, but was done with no cargo and little fuel on board the aircraft.
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Jump Jet, despite being capable of VTOL take-offs, is usually operated as a STOVL aircraft to increase its fuel and weapons load.
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and numerous other incidents. Following the war, carrier operations continued to increase in size and importance.
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There are three main types of modern carrier-based aircraft, which are categorised by the U.S. Navy as follows:
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237:(1927). With these developments, the need for specialized aircraft adapted for take-offs and landings from the
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374:", instead of a catapult. STOVL use usually allows aircraft to carry a larger payload as compared to during
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The 1903 advent of fixed-wing aircraft was followed in 1910 by the first flight of an aircraft from the
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allows an aircraft carrier to launch large fixed-wing aircraft. For example, the U.S. Navy launches its
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Gunston, Bill. "Combat
Aircraft of World War II" Salamander Books: London (1978)
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30:"Carrier aircraft" redirects here. For large aircraft carrying smaller ones, see
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use, while avoiding the complexity of a catapult. The best known example is the
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Collier, Basil. "Japanese
Aircraft of World War II" Mayflower: New York (1979)
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71:
42:
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Pawlowski, Gareth L. "Flat-Tops and
Fledglings" Castle Books: New York (1971)
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Chant, Chris. "Aircraft of World War II" Barnes & Noble: New York (1999)
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is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an
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is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an
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Military aircraft designed specifically for operations from aircraft carriers
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820:"Turkey to deploy MIUS unmanned combat aircraft from LHD Anadolu"
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were launched from only a few dozen feet long mounted atop of a
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Munson, Kenneth. "Aircraft of World War II" Doubleday: New York
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in this manner more recently, but this is not common practice.
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Such aircraft are designed for many purposes including
421:(China) as STOBAR aircraft. Others include the Indian
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291:. Under this technique, aircraft are launched using a
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705:Modern United States Navy carrier air operations
513:, have been operated from aircraft carriers and
280:Catapult-assisted take-off but arrested recovery
637:was a carrier-borne aircraft, created from the
111:airborne early warning and control (AEW&C)
914:The fast carriers: the forging of an air navy
458:into the wind. Even aircraft as large as the
453:is one of the larger air frames on a carrier
124:are able to operate from a wider variety of
715:Carrier aircraft used during World War II
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528:Modern carrier-based aircraft in service
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868:Donald, David; Daniel J. March (2001).
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785:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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116:The term is generally applied only to
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520:Even very large aircraft such as the
45:launches from the flight deck of the
870:Carrier Aviation Air Power Directory
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651:
586:Lockheed Martin F-35B/C Lightning II
511:North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco
386:Short take-off but arrested recovery
872:. Norwalk, CT: AIRtime Publishing.
486:Conventional aircraft, such as the
363:Short take-off and vertical landing
352:to become airborne off the deck of
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591:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
241:of those ships became recognized.
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403:Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers
370:take-offs are accomplished with "
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840:
740:Jane's All the World's Aircraft
596:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
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601:McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk
534:List of carrier-based aircraft
337:cargo aircraft with catapults.
295:and landing on the ship using
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1:
818:Ozberk, Tayfun (2021-07-22).
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566:Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
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411:People's Liberation Army Navy
74:designed for operations from
678:Shenyang FC-31 naval variant
606:Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
460:North American B-25 Mitchell
174:of an anchored warship (the
91:anti-submarine warfare (ASW)
7:
742:. Jane's Information Group.
688:
10:
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803:British Aircraft Directory
800:"Hawker Siddeley Harrier."
646:Bell Boeing CMV-22B Osprey
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293:catapult-assisted take-off
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29:
805:. Retrieved: 1 July 2017.
700:Launch and recovery cycle
492:Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
401:to land on the ship. The
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515:amphibious assault ships
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64:carrier-capable aircraft
522:Lockheed C-130 Hercules
380:Hawker Siddeley Harrier
204:support ships, such as
95:search and rescue (SAR)
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555:down on final approach
509:aircraft, such as the
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266:Attack on Pearl Harbor
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68:carrier-borne aircraft
60:carrier-based aircraft
55:
935:at Wikimedia Commons
658:Boeing MQ-25 Stingray
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576:Grumman C-2 Greyhound
561:Boeing EA-18G Growler
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471:fighters such as the
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140:and container ships.
40:
738:Fred T Jane (2005).
496:Supermarine Spitfire
488:Curtiss P-40 Warhawk
433:; both will operate
244:The significance of
621:Sukhoi Su-25UTG/UBP
441:Unassisted take-off
130:helicopter carriers
118:fixed-wing aircraft
103:weather observation
916:(1968; 1978; 1992)
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176:United States Navy
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56:
931:Media related to
910:Clark G. Reynolds
652:Under development
571:Dassault Rafale M
316:Charles de Gaulle
262:Battle of Taranto
122:naval helicopters
83:air-to-air combat
76:aircraft carriers
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467:World War I-era
395:aircraft carrier
289:aircraft carrier
159:taking-off from
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356:Queen Elizabeth
313:, and France's
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202:seaplane tender
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62:(also known as
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922:External links
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87:surface attack
72:naval aircraft
43:F/A-18C Hornet
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827:. Retrieved
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770:. Retrieved
763:the original
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635:Sukhoi Su-33
626:Sukhoi Su-33
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424:Vikramaditya
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413:operate the
407:Russian Navy
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239:flight decks
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231:(1922), and
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128:, including
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479:'s forward
451:E-2 Hawkeye
348:utilizes a
328:E-2 Hawkeye
322:The use of
306:, the U.S.
251:sinking of
32:Mother ship
829:2021-08-18
824:Naval News
772:2009-10-13
721:References
539:In service
532:See also:
481:gun turret
477:battleship
187:Royal Navy
182:Birmingham
154:Royal Navy
134:destroyers
52:Kitty Hawk
673:HAL TEDBF
551:with its
372:ski-jumps
324:catapults
246:air power
226:USS
213:HMS
206:HMS
198:Seaplanes
191:HMS
180:USS
942:Category
781:cite web
689:See also
553:tailhook
549:Rafale M
464:launched
435:MiG-29Ks
350:ski-jump
224:(1922),
218:(1918),
208:Engadine
193:Hibernia
138:frigates
113:duties.
469:biplane
430:Vikrant
405:of the
285:CATOBAR
257:Repulse
228:Langley
163:Tracker
144:History
70:) is a
903:
890:
876:
861:
851:
683:F/A-XX
498:, and
391:STOBAR
311:-class
302:Nimitz
264:, the
260:, the
166:, 1943
766:(PDF)
759:(PDF)
726:Notes
639:Su-27
505:Some
462:were
427:and
415:Su-33
368:STOVL
346:F-35B
304:class
272:Types
234:Béarn
221:HÅshÅ
215:Argus
126:ships
120:, as
901:ISBN
888:ISBN
874:ISBN
859:ISBN
849:ISBN
787:link
633:The
507:STOL
449:The
419:J-15
409:and
376:VTOL
354:HMS
255:and
200:and
172:deck
161:HMS
109:and
50:USS
344:An
331:AEW
196:).
189:'s
178:'s
66:or
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789:)
775:.
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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