523:
Myers took the 2009 title with a time of 20 minutes and 15 seconds to make the 4.2 mile trek from
Sunnyside, Queens to Columbus Circle in Manhattan. Hendrick showed up 15 minutes later off the subway and Thompson arrived via cab nearly a half-hour after that. Transportation Alternatives is a group that "seeks to change New York City's transportation priorities to encourage and increase non-polluting, quiet, city-friendly travel and decrease—not ban—private car use. seek a rational transportation system based on a 'Green Transportation Hierarchy,' which gives preference to modes of travel based on their benefits and costs to society. To achieve its goals, T.A. works in five areas: Bicycling, Walking and Traffic Calming, Car-Free Parks, Safe Streets and Sensible Transportation." The 2009 Commuter Race came on the heels of a Times Square traffic ban in NYC that drew national media attention.
20:
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602:" – literally "free from parking spaces" to describe the traffic management system there. Vehicles are allowed down the residential streets at walking pace to pick up and deliver but not to park, although there are frequent infractions. Residents of the stellplatzfrei areas must sign an annual declaration stating whether they own a car or not. Car owners must purchase a place in one of the
427:, a movement formed in 1991 in London, "invaded" major roads, highway or freeway to stage parties. While this may obstruct the regular users of these spaces such as car drivers and public bus riders, the philosophy of RTS is that it is vehicle traffic, not pedestrians, who are causing the obstruction, and that by occupying the road they are in fact opening up public space.
522:
pits a bicyclist against both a subway rider and a cab rider in a race from Queens to
Manhattan. The Fifth Annual Commuter race took place in May 2009, where bicyclist Rachel Myers beat straphanger Dan Hendrick and cab rider Willie Thompson to make it the fifth year the contestant on the bicycle won.
372:
At the outskirts of towns, between the exits of the rings roads, and the car-free zones in the city center themselves, additional car parking lots can be added, generally in the form of underground car parks (to avoid it taking up surface space). Careful placement of these car-parking lots is needed
141:
which made older transport methods unattractive or impractical, and created the conditions for more traffic and sprawl; the car system was "increasingly able to 'drive' out competitors, such as feet, bikes, buses and trains". This process led to changes in urban form and living patterns that offered
478:
are official events with the common goal of taking a fair number of cars off the streets of a city or some target area or neighborhood for all or part of a day, in order to give the people who live and work there a chance to consider how their city might look and work with significantly fewer cars.
636:
Whereas the first two models apply to newly built car free developments, most pedestrianized areas have been retro-fitted. Pedestrian zones may be considered car-free developments where they include a significant population and a low rate of vehicle ownership per household. The largest example in
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as an alternative to auto travel. The event originated in Bogotá, Colombia in 1974. Now, Bogotá holds weekly ciclovĂas that turn the streets into giant car-free celebrations complete with stages set up in city parks with aerobics instructors, yoga teachers, and musicians leading people through
448:
was born in 2001 in Spain with the first naked bike rides, which then emerged as the WNBR in 2004 a concept which rapidly spread through collaborations with many different activist groups and individuals around the world to promote bicycle transportation, renewable energy, recreation, walkable
440:
rides emerged in 1992 in San
Francisco where cyclists take to the streets en masse to dominate the traffic, using the slogan "we are traffic." The ride was founded with the idea of drawing attention to how unfriendly the city was to bicyclists. The movement has grown to include events in major
169:
is evolving in an effort to increase public transport and non-motorized transport modal shares and shift away from private transport oriented development. Cities like Hong Kong developed a highly integrated public transportation system which effectively reduced the use of private transport. In
514:
and provides a focal point for diverse aspects of the emerging global car-free movement. The conference has been held in major cities around the world, including
Portland, Oregon, United States in 2008 (its first time in North America), and has also been in Istanbul, Turkey; Bogota, Colombia;
369:. Delivery vans allow to take along more cargo and deliver to several customers on a same trip. These food ordering systems could provide for a smooth transition for those cities that wish to become car-free as it can reduce both personal car use and personal car demand in cities.
536:
There are many areas of the world where people have always lived without cars, because no road access is possible, or none has been provided. In developed countries these include islands and some historic neighborhoods or settlements, the largest example being the canal city of
515:
Budapest, Hungary; Berlin, Germany; Prague, Czech
Republic; Timișoara, Romania; and Lyon, France. The conference series attempts to bridge the gap between many of the diverse people and organizations interested in reducing urban dependence on the automobile.
348:
The method above however still does not reduce car use inside non-car-free city centers (customers often use cars to fetch their groceries or appliances from city stores, since they have so much storage space). This problem is solved by means of
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This definition (which they distinguish from the more common "low car development") is based mainly on experience in
Northwestern Europe, where the movement for car-free development began. Within this definition three types are identified:
460:, a collaborative group of creators, designers and activists based in San Francisco, transformed a metered parking spot into a small park complete with turf, seating, and shade and by 2007 there were 180 parks in 27 cities around the world.
387:
provide bicycles within an urban environment for short term use. The first successful scheme was in the 1960s in
Amsterdam and can now be found in many other cities with 20,000 bicycles introduced to Paris in 2007 in the
657:
Several studies have been done on
European car free developments. The most comprehensive was conducted in 2000 by Jan Scheurer. Other more recent studies have been made of specific car-free areas such as Vienna's
1651:
Scheurer, J. (2001) Urban
Ecology, Innovations in Housing Policy and the Future of Cities: Towards Sustainability in Neighbourhood CommunitiesThesis (PhD), Murdoch University Institute of Sustainable Transport.
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though, ensuring that they are made far enough from the city centers (and closer to the ring roads) to avoid them attracting more cars to the city center. In some instances, near these car parking lots,
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is an EU campaign and day every autumn (Northern
Hemisphere) for an increased use of vehicles other than the car. It has since spread beyond the EU, and in 2004 more than 40 countries participated.
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is according to this definition, the largest car-free development in Europe, with over 5,000 residents. Whether it can be considered car-free is open to debate: many local people prefer the term "
345:, and more), it also offers financial advantage for the companies, as tractor units require a lot of time to bridge this last mile (they lack agility and consume much fuel in congested streets).
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describe this as the "Limited Access" type. In some cases such as Stellwerk 60 in Cologne, there is a removable barrier, controlled by a residents' organizations. In others cases, such as in
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prioritize the needs of users of the street as a whole over those of car drivers. They are designed to be shared by pedestrians, playing children, bicyclists, and low-speed motor vehicles.
1660:
Ornetzeder, M., Hertwich, E.G., Hubacek, K., Korytarova, K. and Haas, W. (2008) The environmental effect of car-free housing: A case in Vienna. Ecological Economics 65 (3), 516-530.
1624:
125:, containing narrow streets busy with human activity. In the early twentieth century, many of these settlements were adapted to accommodate the car with wider roads, more car
1116:
1138:
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The first events were organized in ReykjavĂk (Iceland), Bath (UK) and La Rochelle (France) in 1995. Jakarta, Indonesia is one such city that hosts weekly Car-Free days.
392:
scheme. Dockless bike share systems have recently appeared in the United States and provide more convenience for people wanting to rent a bike for a short time period.
404:(formerly known as Transport2000) was formed in 1972 in Britain to challenge proposed cuts in the British rail network and since then has promoted public transport.
864:
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The more common form of car free development involves some sort of physical barrier, which prevents motor vehicles from penetrating into a car-free center. Melia
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The main problems are related to parking management - if parking is not controlled in the surrounding area, there are often complaints from neighbors about
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on the periphery, run by a council-owned company. The cost of these spaces – €17,500 in 2006, plus a monthly fee – acts as a disincentive to car ownership.
2549:
174:, where people can easily rent a car for a few hours rather than own one, is emerging as an increasingly important element for urban transportation.
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options, and housing developments that create proximity or access so that long-distance transportation becomes less of a requirement of daily life.
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and others. The goal of the movement is to establish places where motorized vehicle use is greatly reduced or eliminated, by converting road and
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Melia, S., Barton, H. and Parkhurst, G. (2010) Carfree, Low Car – What's the Difference? World Transport Policy & Practice 16 (2), 24-32.
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to unload their cargo in the suburban distribution center. The products are then placed in a small truck (sometimes electrically powered),
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systems, which allow customers to order online, and then have it delivered to their doorstep by the supermarket or store itself, through
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to the destination in the city center. Besides offering advantages to the population (increased safety due to truck drivers having less
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rose to prominence in the early 1990s in response to a major road building program both in urban communities and also rural areas.
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is a UK-based website encouraging walkers to use public transport to reach the start and end of walks, rather than using a car.
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are, as the name implies, entire cities (or at least the inner parts thereof) which have been made entirely car-free.
252:. Other, more auto-oriented cities are also making incremental changes to provide transportation alternatives through
39:(cars, trucks, tractor units, motorcycles, etc.) are too dominant in modern life, particularly in urban areas such as
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was founded in 1949 in Buenos Aires and is celebrated in more than 30 countries on four continents each November 8.
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allow easy restocking of supermarkets, outlet stores, restaurants, and more in city centers. They rely on
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around Amsterdam (shown in red). At exits of ring roads such as this, distribution centers can be set up.
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2014:
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133:, with space between urban buildings reserved for automotive use. Lower population densities caused
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1989:
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2019:
1961:
1901:
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771:
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233:
56:
896:"Transport and Social Exclusion – a survey of the G7 nations: FIA Foundation and RAC Foundation"
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4687:
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1951:
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970:"Car Clubs / Car Sharing Research Project – Motorists' Forum Conclusions and Recommendations"
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84:
8:
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3117:
2757:
2332:
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2004:
776:
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314:
116:
1444:
47:. It is a broad, informal, emergent network of individuals and organizations, including
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4145:
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3127:
3006:
2841:
2772:
2707:
2095:
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796:
649:
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are areas of a city or town where the use of cars is prohibited or greatly restricted.
138:
545:
implies a physical change – either new building or changes to an existing built area.
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4288:
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1984:
1926:
1840:
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1207:
Single or Return – the official history of the Transport Salaried Staffs' Association
791:
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267:
215:
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36:
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movement that arose in the early 1980s. Its goal has been to reform all aspects of
203:
162:
80:
60:
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286:
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is a scheme to remove much of the traffic from major squares in London, including
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2090:
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1835:
1612:
1105:
957:
631:
334:
241:
146:
145:
Some governments have responded with policies and regulations aimed at reversing
32:
4343:
682:
less land taken for parking and roads – more available for green or social space
4423:
4403:
4383:
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4175:
4007:
3984:
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3325:
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2951:
2782:
2445:
2363:
2287:
2115:
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1936:
902:
811:
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very low levels of car use, resulting in much less traffic on surrounding roads
407:
237:
166:
4783:
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4702:
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3021:
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2413:
2075:
2070:
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1074:. The International Institute for the Urban Environment. 2005. Archived from
731:
475:
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245:
126:
64:
52:
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various performances. The event has inspired similar celebrations globally.
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134:
122:
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2141:
2125:
2060:
2009:
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756:
659:
338:
219:
171:
154:
104:
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71:
where most destinations are within easy reach by other means, including
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4069:
3644:
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3438:
3330:
3057:
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2812:
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2100:
2055:
665:
The main benefits found for car free developments (summarized in Melia
555:
Car-free developments are residential or mixed use developments which:
358:
322:
248:
are designed to contain a diverse range of housing and jobs, and to be
99:
1178:"On Why Dockless Bike Share Systems are the Future – Car Free America"
1139:
Plan to make Brussels car-free includes new underground parking spaces
562:
Offer no parking or limited parking separated from the residence, and:
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3112:
3077:
2961:
2936:
2906:
2767:
2658:
1046:
721:
638:
619:
464:
434:
has called upon the government to ban tractor units in city centers.
307:
149:
by increasing urban densities, encouraging mixed use development and
832:
Car free movement opposing not only cars but many motorized vehicles
641:, Netherlands which had a city centre population of 16,500 in 2008.
4129:
4119:
4091:
4059:
4012:
3751:
3669:
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3016:
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1773:
1283:
1209:. The Transport Salaried Staffs’ Association (TSSA). Archived from
781:
761:
249:
48:
1544:"THE MARSEILLES DECLARATION – WORLD TOWN PLANNING DAY (WTPD) 2005"
1465:
485:
is a similar event in many cities that places a large emphasis on
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76:
72:
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4195:
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1098:
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To make the car-free zones/cities, (movable and/or stationary)
211:
150:
108:
44:
1417:"High Gas Prices Are Revving Up This Online Anti-Car Movement"
1231:
994:
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Are designed to enable residents to live without owning a car.
161:
and other alternative vehicles similar in size and speed, and
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3340:
3047:
3031:
1395:
847:
121:
Before the twentieth century, cities and towns were usually
3649:
1305:
Fietsersbond vraagt overheid tot verbieden van grote trucks
559:
Normally provide a traffic-free immediate environment, and:
137:
with longer distances between locations. This also brought
40:
679:
more independent movement and active play amongst children
1256:
1042:"Paris bans cars to make way for central pedestrian zone"
951:
Step out of your cars to embrace your cities | Cities Now
366:
1720:
One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility
972:. UK Commission for integrated transport. Archived from
622:, vehicular access is only available from the exterior.
653:
Reduction in one's carbon footprint for various actions
153:, reducing space allocated to private cars, increasing
1755:
Carbon Zero: Imagining Cities That Can Save the Planet
1152:"A New French Revolution's Creed: Let Them Ride Bikes"
289:
and other barriers are often used to deny car access.
1490:"This city bans cars every Sunday—and people love it"
1466:"Info Car Free Day - Official Media for Car Free Day"
1576:"Mayor Plans to Close Parts of Broadway to Traffic"
1574:Neuman, William; Barbaro, Michael (February 2009).
198:Proponents of the car-free movement focus on both
35:centering the belief that large and/or high-speed
4781:
1741:Car Sick: Solutions for Our Car-addicted Culture
1252:"1993: Activists lose battle over chestnut tree"
552:(2010) define car-free development as follows:
2399:Environmental, social, and corporate governance
1039:
186:Passenger Capacity of different Transport Modes
449:communities, and environmentally responsible,
16:Movement to reduce the use of private vehicles
3587:
2867:
2700:
1789:
1734:"In German Suburb, Life Goes on Without Car,"
1573:
1567:
1521:. UK Department for Transport. Archived from
1316:"Fietsersbond" or "cyclist union" in Flanders
142:little opportunity for people without a car.
841:
839:
597:
580:Pedestrian zones with residential population
67:to other public uses and rebuilding compact
870:. University of Lancacaster. Archived from
3594:
3580:
2874:
2860:
1796:
1782:
1678:Ending the Love Affair with the Automobile
1203:"The Campaign to save the Railway Network"
1099:City depot employing a few electric trucks
1441:"World Car Free Days Timeline: 1961–2007"
836:
170:contrast with private automotive travel,
3802:Regional Planning Association of America
1645:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1326:
1149:
1128:Sainsbury's trials UK's first cargo bike
669:2010) found in the various studies are:
648:
644:
531:
301:
189:
181:
98:
18:
2803:Barriers to pro-environmental behaviour
1350:"A history of unabashed free wheelers!"
1320:
852:. London: University of Nebraska Press.
526:
4782:
845:
609:
467:with 440,000 members as of July 2024.
441:metropolitan cities around the world.
3575:
3363:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral
2855:
1777:
1592:
1018:. The Mayor of London. Archived from
862:
4762:
1803:
1414:
1279:"The group reclaiming the headlines"
3873:Professional transportation planner
1630:. City of Groningen. Archived from
752:Individual action on climate change
625:
419:Road protests in the United Kingdom
23:San Francisco Critical Mass in 2005
13:
3601:
1722:, Temple University Press (2010),
1667:
1519:"What is In Town, Without My Car?"
787:Principles of intelligent urbanism
470:
456:Parking Days started in 2005 when
413:
395:
377:(i.e. bus) stops are foreseen, or
14:
4806:
2881:
2429:Environmental resource management
1680:, New Society Publishers (2000),
676:high rates of walking and cycling
325:, or other vehicle to bridge the
206:(bus, tram, etc.) options and on
4761:
4740:
4739:
4727:
2835:
1373:. parkingday.org. Archived from
1117:DoorDash and Walmart join forces
1069:"Concept Development: 'Woonerf'"
510:is the annual conference of the
4270:Transferable development rights
3825:Environmental impact assessment
1876:Human impact on the environment
1861:List of environmental conflicts
1654:
1617:
1549:. urbanists.com. Archived from
1536:
1511:
1482:
1458:
1433:
1408:
1388:
1363:
1342:
1309:
1298:
1271:
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1195:
1170:
1150:Bennhold, Katrin (2007-07-16).
1143:
1132:
1121:
1110:
1092:
1061:
1033:
742:Effects of the car on societies
177:
3896:Community economic development
3675:Planning and zoning commission
2195:List of environmental killings
1763:, Pinter & Martin (2003),
1694:, International Books (2000),
1040:Charles Bremner (2005-03-15).
1008:
987:
962:
944:
923:
888:
865:"The 'System' of Automobility"
856:
825:
430:In Flanders, the organization
375:Park and ride public transport
1:
3384:The Moon and the Sledgehammer
2041:Bright green environmentalism
1736:New York Times, May 11, 2009.
933:. UK Department for Transport
818:
518:Transportation Alternatives'
402:Campaign for Better Transport
214:, school placement policies,
4509:Planning Accreditation Board
3868:Transit-oriented development
3830:Recreation resource planning
2213:Environmentalism of the poor
2086:Free-market environmentalism
1496:. 2019-03-27. Archived from
1327:Garofoli, Joe (2002-09-28).
905:. 2004-02-01. Archived from
802:Transit-oriented development
7:
2424:Natural resource management
2343:Sustainability organization
1819:Outline of environmentalism
1625:"Statistical Yearbook 2008"
1104:September 12, 2014, at the
956:September 23, 2015, at the
704:
10:
4811:
4521:Professional organizations
3878:Urban freight distribution
3853:Transportation forecasting
1371:"Parking day – background"
697:
629:
463:r/fuckcars is an anti-car
385:Community bicycle programs
240:, from urban retrofits to
114:
94:
4757:List of planning journals
4721:
4643:
4608:
4582:
4536:
4529:
4496:
4456:
4332:
4325:
4138:
4046:
3993:
3917:
3908:
3886:
3843:
3810:
3792:
3760:
3726:History of urban planning
3707:
3698:
3637:
3609:
3421:
3354:
3303:
3197:
3141:
3133:Twelve Tribes communities
3040:
2889:
2831:
2795:
2674:
2563:
2506:Anti-incinerator movement
2471:
2369:Climate change mitigation
2351:
2278:Cultural environmentalism
2245:
2218:Environmental stewardship
2203:
2177:
2134:
2028:
2015:Resacralization of nature
1977:
1970:
1884:
1828:
1813:
1443:. ecoplan. Archived from
1415:Khan, Imad (2022-07-20).
1331:. San Francisco Chronicle
693:
584:
111:urban street between cars
4693:Marine spatial planning
4205:Healthy community design
3783:Village design statement
3773:Preservation development
3768:Conservation development
2588:Conspicuous conservation
2404:Environmentally friendly
2389:Environmental protection
2384:Environmental personhood
2233:Radical environmentalism
2190:Environmental skepticism
1990:Environmental philosophy
1352:. worldnakedbikeride.org
1329:"Critical Mass turns 10"
495:In town, without my car!
363:electric delivery robots
57:transportation engineers
4708:Real estate development
4439:List of urban theorists
3935:City Beautiful movement
3863:Rational planning model
3845:Transportation planning
3835:Sustainable development
3123:Testimony of simplicity
3041:Religious and spiritual
3002:Subsistence agriculture
2997:Slow movement (culture)
2379:Ecological civilization
1016:"World Squares for All"
772:List of car-free places
712:Alternatives to car use
700:List of car-free places
508:Towards Car-free Cities
379:bicycle-sharing systems
234:real estate development
194:Road Space Requirements
4752:List of planned cities
4688:Landscape architecture
4444:List of urban planners
4166:Conservation community
4003:Collaborative planning
3812:Environmental planning
3720:Comprehensive planning
3454:Appropriate technology
3012:Sustainable sanitation
2957:Low-impact development
2842:Environment portal
2823:Tragedy of the commons
2687:Environmental defender
2374:Conservation community
2303:Environmental defender
2253:Anti-fracking movement
2169:Stewardship (theology)
1851:Environmental movement
1846:Environmental conflict
1743:, Green Books (2006),
846:Zehner, Ozzie (2012).
662:car-free development.
654:
604:multi-storey car parks
598:
512:World Car-free Network
311:
195:
187:
112:
24:
4663:Development economics
4514:Real estate education
4474:James Howard Kunstler
4399:Konstantinos Doxiadis
4280:Urban growth boundary
4220:Mixed-use development
4115:Intentional community
3370:Escape from Affluenza
2947:Intentional community
2621:The Lord of the Rings
2441:Short-haul flight ban
2308:Environmental justice
2273:Conservation movement
2258:Anti-nuclear movement
2185:Anti-environmentalism
1871:Environmental studies
1732:Elisabeth Rosenthal,
1706:Carfree Design Manual
747:Free public transport
717:Automobile dependency
652:
645:Benefits and problems
532:Definitions and types
446:World Naked Bike Ride
337:and traffic, reduced
305:
260:World Squares for all
193:
185:
102:
89:mobility as a service
85:personal transporters
22:
4215:Leapfrog development
4161:Complete Communities
4018:Intelligent urbanism
3945:Garden city movement
3888:Economic development
3820:Environmental design
3494:Front Porch Republic
3484:Ecological footprint
3304:Modern-day adherents
2394:Environmental policy
2208:Biophilia hypothesis
2111:Green libertarianism
1396:"Park(ing) Day 2007"
931:"Sustainable travel"
912:on November 18, 2008
577:Limited Access model
541:. The term carfree
527:Car-free development
520:Annual Commuter Race
351:online food ordering
315:Distribution centers
131:population densities
4621:Communist countries
4245:Planning Permission
4182:Filtering (housing)
4156:Cluster development
3965:Settlement movement
3950:Indigenous planning
3561:Work–life interface
3444:Anarcho-primitivism
3285:Henry David Thoreau
3169:Open Source Ecology
2758:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
2333:Product stewardship
2318:Ethical consumerism
2228:Nature conservation
2005:Earth jurisprudence
877:on 27 February 2008
777:Obesity and walking
610:Limited access type
425:Reclaim the Streets
117:Mobility transition
4504:Planning education
4464:Elizabeth Farrelly
4308:High-rise urbanism
4146:Affordable housing
3685:World Urbanism Day
3519:Intentional living
3405:Small Is Beautiful
3280:George Skene Keith
3128:Tolstoyan movement
3027:War tax resistance
3007:Sustainable living
2773:Theodore Roosevelt
2708:Sunderlal Bahuguna
2096:Green conservatism
1611:2016-01-12 at the
1580:The New York Times
1157:The New York Times
997:. New Urbanism.org
797:Street reclamation
655:
502:World Urbanism Day
451:sustainable living
339:tailpipe emissions
312:
196:
188:
139:traffic congestion
113:
69:urban environments
37:motorized vehicles
25:
4790:Car-free movement
4777:
4776:
4734:Cities portal
4658:Civil engineering
4639:
4638:
4492:
4491:
4321:
4320:
4289:Peri-urbanisation
4109:Planned community
3940:Dark-sky movement
3930:Car-free movement
3904:
3903:
3858:Trip distribution
3794:Regional planning
3747:Urban green space
3715:Land-use planning
3690:Labor market area
3680:Growth management
3655:Metropolitan area
3569:
3568:
3529:Rainbow Gathering
3398:The Power of Half
3391:Mother Earth News
3210:Ernest Callenbach
3142:Secular movements
2849:
2848:
2791:
2790:
2675:Environmentalists
2494:Rio Grande do Sul
2263:Car-free movement
2241:
2240:
2121:Green syndicalism
1985:Political ecology
1841:Ecological crisis
1769:978-0-9530964-5-9
1761:The Little Driver
1749:978-1-903998-76-2
1728:978-1-59213-613-1
1714:978-90-5727-060-4
1704:Crawford, J. H.,
1700:978-90-5727-037-6
1690:Crawford, J. H.,
1676:Divorce Your Car!
1500:on March 27, 2019
1470:Info Car Free Day
792:Road reallocation
688:overspill parking
268:Parliament Square
216:urban agriculture
61:environmentalists
29:car-free movement
4802:
4795:Environmentalism
4765:
4764:
4743:
4742:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4683:Land development
4534:
4533:
4369:Donald Appleyard
4330:
4329:
4080:Mining community
4033:Radical planning
3980:Transition towns
3915:
3914:
3731:Spatial planning
3705:
3704:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3469:Critique of work
3449:Anti-consumerism
3316:Robin Greenfield
3275:E. F. Schumacher
3215:G. K. Chesterton
3149:Back-to-the-land
2987:Self-sufficiency
2927:Forest gardening
2876:
2869:
2862:
2853:
2852:
2840:
2839:
2728:Jacques Cousteau
2698:
2697:
2682:Environmentalist
2436:Rights of nature
2359:Circular economy
2328:Impact investing
2298:Ecological grief
2268:Climate movement
2106:Green liberalism
1975:
1974:
1820:
1807:
1806:Environmentalism
1798:
1791:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1629:
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1590:
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1548:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1515:
1509:
1508:
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1505:
1486:
1480:
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1462:
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1455:
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1437:
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1292:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1232:"Car Free Walks"
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1182:Car Free America
1174:
1168:
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1141:
1136:
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1125:
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885:
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876:
869:
860:
854:
853:
843:
834:
829:
737:Circulation plan
626:Pedestrian zones
601:
590:Vauban, Freiburg
355:bicycle couriers
297:complete streets
287:traffic bollards
264:Trafalgar Square
254:Complete streets
204:public transport
163:public transport
81:public transport
49:social activists
4810:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4728:
4726:
4717:
4713:Social sciences
4673:Urban economics
4645:
4635:
4604:
4578:
4525:
4488:
4452:
4419:Peter Calthorpe
4374:Ebenezer Howard
4335:
4317:
4304:Verticalization
4134:
4042:
4028:Market urbanism
4023:Livable streets
3989:
3910:
3900:
3882:
3839:
3806:
3788:
3756:
3700:
3694:
3633:
3605:
3600:
3570:
3565:
3499:Green anarchism
3417:
3350:
3299:
3198:Notable writers
3193:
3189:Transition town
3137:
3093:New Monasticism
3036:
2885:
2880:
2850:
2845:
2834:
2827:
2818:Lifeboat ethics
2808:Business ethics
2787:
2753:Wangari Maathai
2713:Murray Bookchin
2696:
2692:Water protector
2670:
2559:
2518:Chipko movement
2467:
2347:
2313:Ethical banking
2237:
2199:
2173:
2130:
2091:Green anarchism
2066:Eco-nationalism
2036:Bioconservatism
2024:
1966:
1880:
1836:Climate justice
1824:
1818:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1759:Martin Wagner,
1670:
1668:Further reading
1665:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1635:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1613:Wayback Machine
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1106:Wayback Machine
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958:Wayback Machine
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849:Green Illusions
844:
837:
830:
826:
821:
816:
707:
702:
696:
647:
634:
632:Pedestrian zone
628:
612:
587:
534:
529:
473:
471:Official events
416:
414:Activism groups
398:
396:Advocacy groups
335:noise pollution
274:Car-free cities
244:. New urbanist
242:suburban infill
228:is an American
180:
147:auto dependency
119:
97:
33:social movement
17:
12:
11:
5:
4808:
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4574:United Kingdom
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4554:Czech Republic
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4484:Randal O'Toole
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4424:Patrick Geddes
4421:
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4411:
4406:
4404:Kevin A. Lynch
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4384:Guy Benveniste
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4364:Daniel Burnham
4361:
4359:Colin Buchanan
4356:
4354:Clarence Stein
4351:
4349:Clarence Perry
4346:
4340:
4338:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4301:
4296:
4294:Urban vitality
4291:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4201:Healthy cities
4198:
4193:
4191:Brusselization
4187:Gentrification
4184:
4179:
4176:Eminent domain
4173:
4168:
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4142:
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4089:
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4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4052:
4050:
4048:Cities by type
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4008:Context theory
4005:
3999:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3925:Athens Charter
3921:
3919:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3884:
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3639:
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3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3603:Urban planning
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3556:Sustainability
3553:
3548:
3543:
3541:Low-technology
3538:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3516:
3511:
3509:Global warming
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
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3456:
3451:
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3333:
3328:
3326:Pentti Linkola
3323:
3318:
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3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3240:Harlan Hubbard
3237:
3235:Tom Hodgkinson
3232:
3227:
3225:Mahatma Gandhi
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
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3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3073:Jesus movement
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
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2954:
2952:Local currency
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2899:
2893:
2891:
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2846:
2832:
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2828:
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2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2796:Related topics
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
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2785:
2783:Greta Thunberg
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2701:Notable people
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2624:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2550:United Kingdom
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2448:
2446:Sustainability
2443:
2438:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2364:Climate action
2361:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2288:Earth Optimism
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2116:Green politics
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2051:Eco-capitalism
2048:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2020:Social ecology
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1957:Social science
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1757:
1753:Alex Steffen,
1751:
1737:
1730:
1716:
1702:
1692:Carfree Cities
1688:
1673:Katie Alvord,
1669:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1616:
1591:
1566:
1535:
1510:
1481:
1457:
1432:
1407:
1387:
1362:
1341:
1319:
1308:
1297:
1270:
1243:
1223:
1194:
1169:
1142:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1091:
1060:
1032:
1007:
995:"New Urbanism"
986:
961:
943:
922:
903:RAC Foundation
887:
855:
835:
823:
822:
820:
817:
815:
814:
812:Urban vitality
809:
807:Urban planning
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
708:
706:
703:
698:Main article:
695:
692:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
646:
643:
630:Main article:
627:
624:
611:
608:
599:stellplatzfrei
586:
583:
582:
581:
578:
575:
567:
566:
563:
560:
533:
530:
528:
525:
472:
469:
415:
412:
408:Car Free Walks
397:
394:
293:Living streets
280:Car-free zones
256:improvements.
238:urban planning
179:
176:
167:urban planning
127:parking spaces
96:
93:
53:urban planners
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4807:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4770:
4769:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4703:Public policy
4701:
4699:
4698:Public health
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4668:Urban ecology
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4642:
4632:
4631:Ancient Egypt
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4479:Lewis Mumford
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4429:Raymond Unwin
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4336:practitioners
4331:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4265:Tract housing
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4255:Temporary use
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4240:Planning gain
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4171:Creative city
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4125:Urban village
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4104:Model village
4102:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4065:Commuter town
4063:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4039:
4038:Urban renewal
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3975:Structuralism
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3907:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3778:Rural housing
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3737:Redevelopment
3735:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:The good life
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3377:The Good Life
3374:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3336:Peace Pilgrim
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Ted Kaczynski
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Dugald Semple
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3260:Peace Pilgrim
3258:
3256:
3255:Scott Nearing
3253:
3251:
3250:Helen Nearing
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:Richard Gregg
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:Wendell Berry
3203:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Environmental
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3022:Vegetarianism
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2883:Simple living
2877:
2872:
2870:
2865:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:Rachel Carson
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2632:Ecomusicology
2630:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2555:United States
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:Vegetarianism
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:Green economy
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:Slow movement
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2076:Eco-terrorism
2074:
2072:
2071:Eco-socialism
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Disinvestment
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:Philosophical
1976:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1892:Communication
1890:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1866:Organizations
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1739:Lynn Sloman,
1738:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:Zack Furness
1717:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1686:0-86571-408-8
1683:
1679:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1657:
1648:
1634:on 2009-06-29
1633:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1556:on 2007-08-21
1552:
1545:
1539:
1525:on 2008-01-20
1524:
1520:
1514:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1447:on 2008-01-13
1446:
1442:
1436:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1397:
1391:
1377:on 2007-08-08
1376:
1372:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1330:
1323:
1317:
1312:
1306:
1301:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1233:
1227:
1213:on 2004-01-09
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732:Car-Free Days
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65:parking space
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4725:
4653:Architecture
4626:Nazi Germany
4434:Thomas Adams
4414:Loretta Lees
4409:Le Corbusier
4379:Edmund Bacon
4344:Andrés Duany
4299:Urbanization
4285:Urban sprawl
4250:Rural flight
4230:Permeability
4225:Model cities
4097:Logging camp
4056:Company town
3970:Smart growth
3960:New Urbanism
3929:
3742:Urban design
3514:Hedonophobia
3474:Deep ecology
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3245:Satish Kumar
3153:
3103:Plain people
3068:Distributism
2982:Sattvic diet
2972:Permaculture
2967:Off-the-grid
2942:Gift economy
2912:Downshifting
2902:Cord-cutting
2833:
2778:ShĹŤzĹŤ Tanaka
2763:Chico Mendes
2748:Aldo Leopold
2738:Tim Flannery
2718:David Brower
2666:Publications
2620:
2540:South Africa
2461:Tree sitting
2419:Greenwashing
2323:Flight shame
2262:
2147:Christianity
2081:Ecomodernism
2000:Deep ecology
1760:
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1647:
1636:. Retrieved
1632:the original
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1287:. 1999-12-01
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1260:. 1993-12-07
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1226:
1215:. Retrieved
1211:the original
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1184:. 2017-09-18
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974:the original
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935:. Retrieved
925:
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907:the original
890:
879:. Retrieved
872:the original
858:
848:
827:
767:Donald Shoup
727:Carfree city
685:
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664:
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574:Vauban model
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341:and reduced
313:
291:
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272:
259:
258:
230:urban design
226:New urbanism
224:
208:urban design
197:
178:Urban design
165:. Globally,
144:
135:urban sprawl
129:, and lower
120:
107:parked on a
28:
26:
4646:disciplines
4469:Jane Jacobs
4394:James Rouse
4275:Urban decay
4260:Third place
4235:Placemaking
4085:Pit village
4075:Global city
3546:Nonviolence
3464:Consumerism
3459:Bohemianism
3434:Agrarianism
3290:Leo Tolstoy
3220:Duane Elgin
3179:Small house
3098:Plain dress
3088:Monasticism
3083:Mindfulness
2992:Slow living
2545:Switzerland
2535:Philippines
2530:New Zealand
2293:Eco-anxiety
2152:Evangelical
2142:Ecotheology
2126:War on coal
2061:Ecofeminism
2010:Ecocentrism
1995:Biocentrism
1885:Disciplines
1708:, (2009),
1494:Environment
863:John Urry.
757:Jane Jacobs
660:Floridsdorf
543:development
359:cargo bikes
331:blind spots
220:remote work
200:sustainable
172:car sharing
155:walkability
105:quadracycle
4784:Categories
4389:Ian McHarg
4334:Theorists/
4111:(New town)
4070:Ghost town
3909:Concepts/
3645:Urban area
3489:Food miles
3439:Amateurism
3331:Jim Merkel
3311:Mark Boyle
3265:Nick Rosen
3184:Tiny house
3118:Temperance
3063:Detachment
3058:Asceticism
3053:Aparigraha
2932:Freeganism
2917:Dry toilet
2813:Land ethic
2733:Ng Cho-nam
2639:Motorsport
2615:Journalism
2581:Ecofiction
2564:In culture
2472:By country
2178:Opposition
2101:Green left
2056:Ecofascism
1942:Psychology
1932:Philosophy
1922:Humanities
1829:Key topics
1638:2008-01-13
1585:2011-09-15
1560:2008-01-13
1529:2008-01-13
1504:2020-02-18
1475:2020-09-16
1451:2008-01-13
1426:2022-10-13
1401:2008-01-13
1381:2008-01-13
1356:2008-01-13
1335:2007-07-02
1291:2008-01-13
1264:2008-01-13
1237:2008-02-29
1217:2008-01-13
1188:2017-10-29
1163:2008-01-13
1085:2008-01-13
1054:2008-01-13
1026:2008-01-13
1001:2008-01-13
980:2008-01-13
937:2008-01-13
916:2008-01-12
881:2008-01-12
819:References
637:Europe is
333:, reduced
323:cargo bike
115:See also:
4678:Geography
4590:Barcelona
4569:Singapore
4544:Australia
4537:Countries
4151:Cityscape
3918:Movements
3536:Itinerant
3429:Affluenza
3113:Rastafari
3078:Mendicant
2962:No frills
2937:Frugality
2907:DIY ethic
2890:Practices
2768:John Muir
2659:Eco hotel
2644:Sculpture
2603:festivals
2484:Australia
2246:Offshoots
2135:Religious
2029:Political
1962:Sociology
1902:Education
1047:The Times
722:Car costs
639:Groningen
620:Waterwijk
465:subreddit
327:last mile
308:ring road
4746:Category
4595:Shanghai
4497:Training
4139:Concepts
4130:Boomtown
4120:Arcology
4092:Man camp
4060:Monotown
4013:Ekistics
3995:Theories
3911:theories
3752:Urbanism
3701:branches
3670:Planning
3665:Land use
3619:Theories
3551:Peak oil
3479:Degrowth
3295:Valluvar
3154:Car-free
3017:Veganism
2456:Protests
2409:Greening
2283:Degrowth
2223:Hardline
1947:Religion
1937:Politics
1609:Archived
1284:BBC News
1102:Archived
1050:. London
954:Archived
782:Peak car
762:Jan Gehl
705:See also
483:CiclovĂa
250:walkable
109:Canadian
4768:Commons
4644:Related
4457:Critics
4210:LEED-ND
3708:General
3638:General
3629:Outline
3614:History
3524:commune
3422:Related
3108:Quakers
2922:Fasting
2743:Al Gore
2654:Tourism
2649:Surfing
2479:Albania
2164:Judaism
1952:Science
1917:History
1897:Ecology
1856:History
594:Germany
487:cycling
357:(using
159:cycling
123:compact
95:Context
77:cycling
73:walking
45:suburbs
4616:Africa
4600:Sydney
4583:Cities
4564:Serbia
4559:Russia
4530:Places
4326:People
4313:Zoning
4196:Infill
3660:Suburb
3412:Walden
3346:Thomas
3164:Hippie
2977:Regift
2897:Barter
2608:horror
2525:Israel
2489:Brazil
1912:Health
1907:Ethics
1767:
1747:
1726:
1712:
1698:
1684:
694:Places
667:et al.
616:et al.
585:Vauban
550:et al.
548:Melia
539:Venice
390:VĂ©lib'
212:zoning
151:infill
87:, and
41:cities
4609:Other
4549:China
3985:YIMBY
3955:NIMBY
3761:Rural
3733:(Eur)
3699:Major
3624:Index
3355:Media
3341:Suelo
3048:Amish
3032:WWOOF
2627:Music
2576:Books
2513:India
2501:China
2352:Goals
2159:Islam
1971:Views
1628:(PDF)
1554:(PDF)
1547:(PDF)
1079:(PDF)
1072:(PDF)
910:(PDF)
899:(PDF)
875:(PDF)
868:(PDF)
458:REBAR
31:is a
4178:(US)
3785:(UK)
3722:(US)
3650:City
3174:Slow
2598:list
2593:Film
1765:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1724:ISBN
1710:ISBN
1696:ISBN
1682:ISBN
1421:CNET
444:The
400:The
367:vans
306:The
295:and
266:and
236:and
202:and
43:and
27:The
2571:Art
1927:Law
1257:BBC
361:),
4786::
4306:/
4287:/
4203:/
4189:/
4058:/
1594:^
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