212:
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167:
153:
98:
133:
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122:
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557:. However, the capture of the city was not without bloodshed. Approximately 600 individuals lost their lives, and 700 others were wounded, primarily due to an explosion in an ammunitions depot. The circumstances surrounding the explosion remain uncertain, as it is unclear whether it was an accident or an intentional act. The casualties included 1,050
835:
271:
515:. However, due to their growing frustration with the actions of Trotsky, the Germans abandoned their previous objections and agreed in the final version of the
840:
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348:
554:
538:, which incorporated divisions from the disbanded Second Army, undertook an offensive to capture Trabzon.
535:
483:
refers to the military operation carried out by the reorganized
Ottoman Third Army, under the command of
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845:
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796:
The
Ottoman Endgame: War, Revolution and the Making of the Modern Middle East, 1908-1923
543:
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757:
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584:
Fall of the
Sultanate: The Great War and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1922
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511:, the German government had initially opposed Turkish advances into the
780:, p. 424) "The casualties included 1,050 Russians and 250 Greeks"
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Taking advantage of this shift in German policy, the reorganized
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670:
The
Turkish War of Independence: A Military History, 1919–1923
565:, highlighting the diverse ethnic composition of the region.
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to the clearance of
Russian troops from the districts of
707:, p. 424) "the casulities included 1,050 Russians"
836:
Battles of World War I involving the
Ottoman Empire
685:General Vehip Pasha's Ottoman troops went forward,
491:on February 24, 1918. This event took place during
622:The Central Powers on the Russian Front 1914–1918
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750:Heper, Metin; Sayari, Sabri (2013-05-07).
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841:Battles of World War I involving Russia
753:The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey
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599:Ottoman units approached Erzurum and
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487:, which resulted in the seizure of
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667:Erickson, Edward J. (2021-05-24).
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831:Battles of the Caucasus Campaign
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720:, p. 424) "and 250 Greeks"
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793:McMeekin, Sean (2015-10-13).
649:, p. 424) "Commanded by
581:Gingeras, Ryan (2016-03-24).
619:Bilton, David (2014-02-11).
78:is back in the hands of the
7:
856:Military history of Trabzon
587:. Oxford University Press.
553:was successfully seized by
194:Third Army (Ottoman Empire)
10:
872:
851:1918 in the Ottoman Empire
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799:. Penguin Books Limited.
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33:
25:
20:
786:
542:, the commander of the
21:Trabzon campaign (1918)
549:On February 24, 1918,
546:, led this operation.
503:In the context of the
144:Commanders and leaders
203:Casualties and losses
569:Notes and references
517:Brest-Litovsk Treaty
455:Associated articles
41:24–25 February 1918
544:Ottoman Third Army
536:Ottoman Third Army
481:Capture of Trabzon
296:Bergmann Offensive
116:Russian volunteers
826:Conflicts in 1918
806:978-0-7181-9972-2
763:978-1-136-30963-2
680:978-1-4408-7842-8
632:978-1-4738-3453-8
625:. Pen and Sword.
594:978-0-19-108692-2
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394:German expedition
283:Caucasus campaign
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28:Caucasus Campaign
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65:Ottoman victory
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846:1918 in Russia
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756:. Routledge.
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673:. ABC-CLIO.
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655:took Trabzon
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461:Dunsterforce
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90:Belligerents
651:Vehip Pasha
540:Vehip Pasha
509:World War I
493:World War I
485:Wehip Pasha
466:Norperforce
221:700 wounded
172:Enver Pasha
159:Wehib Pasha
70:Territorial
820:Categories
411:Karakilisa
400:Sardarabad
357:1st Bitlis
302:Sarikamish
216:600 killed
687:capturing
318:Manzikert
561:and 250
559:Russians
448:Dagestan
436:Binagadi
431:Kurdamir
378:Erzincan
370:Çapakçur
349:Lazistan
337:Koprukoy
80:Ottomans
46:Location
26:Part of
691:Trabzon
601:Trabzon
551:Trabzon
521:Ardahan
505:Ottoman
499:Seizure
489:Trabzon
421:Goychay
416:Mastara
389:Choloki
331:Erzurum
308:Ardahan
198:Unknown
176:Unknown
76:Trabzon
72:changes
51:Trabzon
803:
760:
677:
629:
591:
563:Greeks
527:, and
406:Abaran
101:
62:Result
55:Turkey
787:Books
529:Batum
426:Aghsu
801:ISBN
758:ISBN
675:ISBN
627:ISBN
589:ISBN
525:Kars
479:The
442:Baku
38:Date
607:...
364:Muş
313:Van
822::
725:^
683:.
653:,
597:.
531:.
523:,
495:.
53:,
809:.
776:(
766:.
736:(
716:(
703:(
645:(
635:.
273:e
266:t
259:v
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