1510:
Lý Thái Tông was started by Nùng Trí Cao's father, Nùng Tồn Phúc, and elder brother, Nùng Trí Thông. This failed and both were caught and executed. Two years later Cao mobilised a rebellion army and captured the territory and declared himself as the king of the Nùng
Kingdom and named it as Dai Lich. However, this occupancy was short-lived as he was captured by Viet forces. He was, however, let go by the King and allowed to return to Quảng Uyên. Six years later he again launched a rebellion against the king in 1048 and captured the territory in southern China and declared himself as the "Emperor of Đại Nam." His kingdom survived for 5 years by the manipulation of the King of China and the King of Viet. However, in 1053 the Vietnamese king Lý Thái Tông captured Cao and executed him. The temple built in his honour, though ancient, is now a refurbished monument (renovated in the 19th century) consisting of two buildings. The outer building has the altar of one of his generals and the inner shrine housed the images of Cao, his wife and his mother till they were stolen a few years ago. An inscription still seen here narrates Cao's war exploits and his avowed commitment to the cause of his nation.
1501:, was established here during the Eighth Congress of the Communist Party Central Committee held at Pác Bó from 10–19 March 1941. Between 1941 and 1945 until the Japanese left was a period of great turmoil in Vietnam. The Japanese set up King Bai as the head of state to counter the influence of the French government and the Việt Minh had established themselves their rule in six provinces in North Vietnam in the Red River delta. Following the surrender of Japan on 13 August 1945 in World War II, Hồ Chí Minh had expanded the ambit of his "August revolution" to Hanoi, Huế and Saigon, and the king abdicated. Hồ Chí Minh declared the independence of Vietnam and addressed the nation from Hanoi on 2 September 1945. The Pac Ba Vestiges Area Exhibition Centre has an array of display of artifacts of the revolution with a Hồ Chí Minh House of Remembrance. A stream and a hill near Pác Bó were named as "Lenin Stream" and "Karl Marx Mountain".
1741:
1528:
of the Lê Army in 1521–1522 after he forcibly dethroned the 11 year King Lê Chiêu Tông, exiled him and installed his brother Lê Thung as the king. However, two years later Lê Chiêu Tông was reinstalled as the King of Đại Việt. The Mạc
Dynasty then ruled for 65 years. The Lê dynasty continued to fight the Mạc Kings and finally succeeded in regaining power in 1592 for a short time with the help of the powerful Trịnh family. A nephew of Mạc Mậu Hợp took control of Cao Bằng and three generations of his family ruled for 75 years till the armies of the Trịnh family captured Cao Bằng in 1667. The small palace building has cannons placed near the main entrance even now.
68:
1687:
2517:
88:
114:
1537:
59:
1678:
527:
1723:
137:
48:
1732:
1669:
1485:
599:, which is located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of the town of Cao Bằng. Cao Bình was a prominent administrative town until the French occupied the territory; the capital was shifted to the Cao Bằng peninsula when the French conquered the area in 1884. They fortified the town with a fort on a hill overlooking the town (ruins of this fort are seen even now). This fort area is now a high-security zone of the People’s Army of Vietnam.
192:
2558:
1696:
2572:
2550:
2533:
1545:
1660:
1651:
1705:
654:" policy by levelling most of the city, including places of worship. The historical areas near the Pác Bó caves in the commune of Trường Hà in Hà Quảng district were mined and bombed, demolishing most of the cave mouth where Hồ Chí Minh based his guerrilla activities in the 1940s and 1950s. In 1996, the districts of Ngân Sơn and Ba Bể were transferred into the newly created province of
79:
1714:
2021:
711:(50 mi), from Trọng Con in Thạch An district to Đức Hạnh in Bảo Lâm district. It stretches 170 kilometres (110 mi) from east to west, from Quảng Lâm in Bảo Lâm district to Lý Quốc in Hạ Lang district. Cao Bằng has an area of 6,724.6 square kilometres (2,596.4 sq mi) (2008 figures). Mountainous forests take up more than 90% of the province.
1967:
518:(at the mouth of the confluence of two rivers, the Bằng Giang and Hien rivers) where Hồ Chí Minh in January 1941 established a revolutionary force at Cốc Bó cave, the Mạc emperor's Temple, the Kỳ Sầm Temple, Coi Bin Church, the Bản Giốc waterfall area at the international border between Vietnam and China, and the Thang Hen Mountain Lake.
1750:
1622:
Thang Hen
Mountain lake, in Trà Lĩnh district, consists of 36 small natural lakes located on the top of a hill at 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). The lakes have been created in limestone formations and some of them flow out as steams. An unusual feature of the lakes is that their water level fluctuates
1574:
are located 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Cao Bằng at the
Vietnam-China Border. It originates from the Quỳ Xuân River and falls over a height of 30 metres (98 ft) and is 300 metres (980 ft) wide. At the top, the waterfall is seen in three parts divided by rocks and trees. As the water
1509:
Kỳ Sầm Temple was built as a memorial at Nùng village (200 metres (660 ft) east of
Highway 203) of Ngan in honour of Nùng Trí Cao, Nùng Lord of Quảng Uyên for organizing the ethnic minority revolt in the 11th century against the Vietnamese monarchy. The first effort at rebellion against the King
1493:
inhabited by the Nùng tribes. He organized the revolutionary movement by training the cadres, translated the
History of the Communist Party in the USSR into the Vietnamese language and also edited a revolutionary newspaper called the 'Independent Vietnam' from Pác Bó. The Vietnam Independence League (
714:
The
Peninsular valley of Cao Bằng province is formed between the Bằng Giang and Hien rivers. The two rivers confluence to the northwest of the town. In the war with China the town was damaged in 1979 and has been since rebuilt. The market in Cao Bằng town is believed to be the largest in Vietnam. Cao
1518:
Coi Binh Church is one of the three churches that were built in 1906 by the French; the other two are at Cao Bằng and That Khe. Except for the Vicar's house the rest of the residential buildings around the church were destroyed in 1979. The vicarage is now the venue of "Cao Bằng region's most famous
1466:
against the national value of 156,681.9 billion đồngs. In 1994 the province produced 151,800 tonnes of cereals compared to the national production of 229.1 million tonnes The per capita production of cereals in the district was 448.6 kg as against the national figure of 501.8 kg
1527:
Mạc King's Temple is the 16th-century palace of the Mạc
Dynasty. It is located on a hill top above the Làng Đến (meaning the "Temple Village"). It is located on the west bank of the Dau Gen River, which is a tributary of the Bằng Giang River. The construction of this palace is credited to a general
1117:
According to the
General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam, the population of Cao Bằng province as of 2019 was 530,341 with a density of 79 persons per km over a total land area of 6,700.26 square kilometres (2,586.98 sq mi). It is one of the least populated provinces in
1578:
The Bản Giốc waterfall area at the
Vietnam-China border is stated to be "among areas having a borderline defined on rivers and streams". It has been clarified by the Head of the Border Committee that the borderline of the fall shall be as fixed along the median of the main flow which shall be done
1556:
is a well-known scenic tourist site. The city of Cao Bằng has many buildings of World War II vintage of French design, which were in ruins, but have since been rebuilt. There is an 'Exhibition Centre' in the town where the history of the revolutionary struggle in Vietnam, which originated in this
618:
In 1950, the province had 10 districts: Bảo Lạc, Hạ Lang, Hòa An, Nguyên Bình, Phú Thạch, Phục Hòa, Quảng Uyên, Thạch An, Trấn Biên and Trùng Khánh. In 1958, Trấn Biên was renamed Trà Lĩnh. The district of Thông Nông was created out of part of the district of Hà Quảng by Decision 67-CP on 7 April
594:
initially occupied the territory and the Lê throne in 1527. However, the Lê kings were reinstated in 1592. Still, the war for control of the region continued and the Mạc family had the upper hand as they declared it an independent region and ruled for 75 years. As witness to this period, here lie
1492:
Pác Bó, located at the mouth of the confluence of two rivers, namely the Bằng Giang and Hien rivers. Its historicity is due to the fact that Hồ Chí Minh, on his return from China (where he had lived for 30 years) on 28 January 1941, established a revolutionary force at a cave near Pác Bó valley
602:
Cao Bằng has a long history of revolutionaries and nationalists. The significant history of the peninsula to the present regime is recorded from the 1920s when it became the "cradle of the revolutionary movement in the north". Many pro-independence groups based themselves in the mountains. The
705:
The geographical setting of the province is mostly mountainous, with land available for habitation thus being limited. The average temperature reported in the province is 22 °C (72 °F). Winter temperatures in some areas occasionally experience freezing conditions and some amount of
710:
which is on the border with China is a well-known natural feature in the province. The western side of Cao Bằng borders Tuyên Quang and Hà Giang provinces. The southern side of Cao Bằng borders the provinces of Bắc Kạn and Lạng Sơn. The north-west expanse of the province is 80 kilometres
569:
Cao Bằng's proximity to China has meant that it has had a somewhat turbulent history, having changed hands a number of times. What are now the provinces of Cao Bằng and Lạng Sơn were known as châu Quảng Nguyên during the time of the Lý and Trần Dynasties. Quảng Nguyên became part of
1579:
jointly by both sides. Even though in Vietnam the two falls are considered as one fall with the name Bản Giốc, the physical fact is that the waterfall is named under two ownership divisions namely, "Detian - Banyue Falls" (Chinese: 德天瀑布 & 板約瀑布) or "Bản Giốc Falls" (Vietnamese:
638:
to Cao Bằng by a decree of the congress of the Communist Party. This meant that Cao Bằng had 11 districts: Bảo Lạc, Hà Quảng, Hòa An, Nguyên Bình, Quảng Hòa, Thạch An, Thông Nông, Trà Lĩnh, Trùng Khánh, Ngân Sơn and Chợ Rã. The district of Chợ Rã was renamed
1118:
the northern midlands and mountain areas of Vietnam. The male population during this period was 265,620 while the female population was 264,721. The rural population was 406,934 against an urban population of 123,407 (about 30% of the rural population).
1458:
As against the national figure of 7,592 of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery cooperatives there are only 4 cooperatives in the province; all are agricultural cooperatives. There are only 57 farms compared to the national total of 120,699.
589:
At the end of the 14th century, Tày lords dynasties ruled the area, such as Bế Khắc Thiệu and Nga Dac Thai. In the 1430s, the Lê Dynasty had many rebellions. Royalty faced strong revolt during the 16th and early part of the 17th century –
1455:, although other industries exist. Facilities such as schools and hospitals tend to be in poor condition, but are gradually improving. Transportation, once a major problem, has been improved considerably by new road construction.
1623:
like the tides of the seas, which phenomenon is attributed to the springs of water emerging from artesian wells in limestone formations. The lakes flow through the river, which eventually becomes the Bản Giốc waterfall.
1475:
As the province is in the region where the Vietnamese people lived thousands of years ago before their southwards expansion, Cao Bằng has several points of historical interest as well as many natural features.
1610:
plants found only in the gorge. This cave was a hideout for the local bandits whose treasure is occasionally still found in the cliff-side caves. Bản Giốc Fall is also famous for the fish species "
1121:
There are more than 40 ethnic groups in Hà Giang recognized by the Vietnamese government. Each ethnicity has their own language, traditions, and subculture. The largest ethnic groups are:
1575:
falls down the cliff and merges with sunlight, a seven-coloured rainbow formation is witnessed. Many green trees and flowers that perfume the air are located at the base of the fall.
1606:
during the brief Sino-Vietnamese War. Nearby there is the Tongling Gorge accessible only through a cavern from an adjoining gorge. Rediscovered only recently, it has many species of
623:
by Decision 27-CP on 8 March 1967. The district of Hạ Lang was abolished and integrated into the districts of Quảng Hòa and Trùng Khánh by Decision 176-CP on 15 September 1969.
640:
1552:
Cao Bằng, which lies on the Quây Sơn River, in Ngọc Khê commune, in Trùng Khánh district, has many mountains, forests, rivers and springs throughout. The area near
719:
to Cao Bằng passes through the Cao Bắc Pass. Since the elevation of the town is 300 metres (980 ft) it has a salubrious temperate climate throughout the year.
2392:
1823:
1553:
558:, China, since at least the 3rd century BC. According to local lore, the capital was located near today Cao Bằng City. In the 3rd century BC, the Tây Âu leader
2264:
2239:
2214:
2189:
2164:
2139:
2114:
2080:
620:
2623:
1467:
in 2007. In 2007, the industrial output of the province was a meagre 571.8 billion đồngs against the national output of 1.47 million billion đồngs.
635:
2417:
154:
3127:
2486:
1851:
1611:
716:
3017:
2322:
2616:
2058:
1924:
1864:
1298:
659:
3142:
3132:
1847:
1889:
1740:
2479:
113:
2913:
507:. The province covers 6,700.39 km (2,587.04 sq mi) and, as of 2019, its population was 530,341 people.
1936:
2609:
1095:
316:
1815:
1447:
Cao Bằng is relatively poor compared to other Vietnamese provinces. Most of the province's economy is centered on
607:
chose the province as a base, using the rough terrain as protection. Its historicity was further accentuated when
136:
1793:. However, in Vietnamese, the two falls are considered as two parts of one waterfall with the sole name Bản Giốc.
1614:." During the 1920s, this was a hunting and fishing location for the French who built cottages for this purpose.
690:
provinces within Vietnam. It also has a common international border (322 kilometres (200 mi) long) with the
2048:
3163:
2446:
2268:
2243:
2218:
2193:
2168:
2143:
2118:
2084:
615:, 56 kilometres (35 mi) north of Cao Bằng for the decisive revolutionary movement between 1940 and 1945.
3173:
2472:
695:
3168:
3027:
427:
546:
were a conglomeration of upland Tai tribes living in what is today the mountainous region of northernmost
3075:
2971:
2931:
2845:
2792:
1571:
1566:
3022:
2979:
1557:
province, is displayed along with Hồ Chí Minh's vintage car, bearing the registration number "BAC 808".
2999:
2903:
2413:
2140:"Number of cooperatives in 2008 by kind of activity and by province: Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery"
1080:
604:
2961:
2936:
2898:
1179:
3137:
2769:
2640:
1686:
1420:
1375:
1173:
100:
67:
2984:
2347:
1390:
611:, on his return from China in exile in 1941, made his headquarters at Pắc Bó, in Trường Hà commune,
2739:
2583:
2267:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2242:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2217:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2192:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2167:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2142:. Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
2117:. Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
1997:
1283:
1217:
1191:
1167:
683:
663:
655:
492:
3060:
3032:
2855:
2754:
2588:
1462:
The output value of agriculture produce at constant 1994 prices in the province was 676.6 billion
1345:
1204:
1185:
687:
612:
514:. Cao Bằng has several points of historical interest as well as many natural features such as the
496:
3100:
3095:
2946:
2941:
2870:
2865:
2764:
2632:
1230:
Cao Bằng is subdivided into 10 district-level sub-divisions and 161 commune-level sub-divisions.
1211:
2774:
2759:
715:
Bằng town is located on Highway 3 and is 270 kilometres (170 mi) from Hanoi. The road from
679:
488:
3080:
2956:
2850:
2797:
2734:
1636:
1632:
1595:
627:
3085:
1463:
2951:
2888:
2835:
2817:
1405:
595:
ruins of a temple, which was also the palace of the Mạc Kings. It can be seen in the town of
3110:
2908:
2860:
1818:[Table 4.1: Current land use status in the Northern Midlands and Mountains in 2022]
87:
3065:
2893:
2717:
1313:
1148:
472:
392:
287:
271:
242:
33:
3105:
3037:
2802:
2749:
2542:
675:
575:
484:
8:
3009:
2923:
2880:
2784:
2726:
647:
476:
209:
2807:
2190:"Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery :Output value of agriculture at constant 1994 prices"
571:
510:
The area has a rich history tracing to the Bronze Age Tây Âu (西甌) Kingdom of the ethnic
2464:
1107:
707:
204:
3070:
2840:
2812:
1635:, the Eye of God Mountain is a prominent tourist destination at the Non Nuoc Cao Bang
1360:
3055:
2442:
2326:
2054:
1932:
1860:
1536:
1138:
1033:
579:
368:
3090:
2994:
2989:
2703:
2690:
2649:
500:
1677:
559:
58:
2827:
2672:
2436:
2240:"Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Production of cereals per capita by province"
1722:
1816:
Biểu số 4.1: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Trung du và miền núi phía Bắc năm 2022
674:
Cao Bằng province located in the northern part of the country has borders with
651:
419:
2698:
1126:
583:
543:
526:
335:
3157:
1599:
1498:
1198:
1161:
591:
442:
169:
156:
1232:
1122:
631:
539:
324:
103:, Bằng Giang Bridge, Kim Đồng Tomb, Paddy field in Cao Bằng, Ngườm Ngao Cave
3047:
1591:
1263:
1130:
1111:
699:
511:
346:
219:
47:
2601:
2368:
1731:
650:, Chinese troops entered and occupied the city of Cao Bằng, inflicting a "
1448:
1103:
608:
515:
499:
provinces within Vietnam. It also has a common international border with
2083:. General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from
596:
2115:"Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Number of cooperatives by province"
1668:
1134:
1099:
563:
535:
415:
357:
306:
1853:"Completed Results of the 2019 Viet Nam Population and Housing Census"
1484:
2215:"Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery:Production of cereals by province"
1749:
1587:
619:
1966. The districts of Phục Hòa and Quảng Uyên were merged to become
551:
410:
1846:
1602:, in that order. It was also one of the crossing points for China's
2657:
1607:
1452:
437:
2680:
2510:
2265:"Industry: Industrial output value at current prices by province"
1695:
691:
555:
547:
480:
197:
2165:"Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Number of farms by province"
666:, in accordance with Decree 52/2000/NĐ-CP on 25 September 2000.
2662:
2522:
1828:– the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
1659:
1650:
1544:
1330:
1241:
1144:
Languages spoken in Cao Bằng province include the following.
1094:
The province of Cao Bằng is home to many people belonging to
504:
453:
2441:(illustrated, reprint ed.). University of California Press.
1704:
1603:
402:
1713:
1590:
along a national border in the world, the other three are
78:
397:
2494:
2459:
2081:"Population and population density in 2008 by province"
1824:
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)
1769:
The two falls have separate names in Chinese: Dé Tiān=
2282:
2305:
2303:
1141:(5.12%). Others accounted for the remaining 2.22%.
2393:"Ban Gioc Waterfall – the largest one in Vietnam!"
1981:
2348:"On the settlement of Vietnam-China border issue"
3155:
2300:
2291:
1788:
1776:
1931:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 11–13.
1929:A History of Vietnam: From Hong Bang to Tu Duc
2617:
2480:
1890:"Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Cao Bằng năm 2018"
1782:
1770:
2323:"Cao Bang - the land of mountains and water"
2053:. Footprint Travel Guides. pp. 134–36.
1998:"Chinese Invasion of Vietnam, February 1979"
1970:. Cambodia Travel Key and Foot Print Vietnam
2631:
2042:
2040:
2038:
1810:
1808:
1225:
276:6,700.39 km (2,587.04 sq mi)
257: • Chairman of People's Committee
2624:
2610:
2487:
2473:
2317:
2315:
2073:
1859:. Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam).
1822:(Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese).
1540:Bản Giốc waterfall during the rainy season
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
643:by Decision 144-HĐBT on 6 November 1984.
542:Tây Âu Kingdom flourished. The Tây Âu or
2046:
2035:
2016:
2014:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1805:
1548:Bản Giốc waterfall during the dry season
1543:
1535:
1483:
662:was created by carving out a portion of
534:Cao Bằng's history can be traced to the
525:
2312:
1990:
1922:
626:In December 1978, the two districts of
3156:
2340:
1951:
1907:
1329:
1277:
1255:
1240:
634:were transferred from the province of
2605:
2468:
2325:. English Vietnamvnet. Archived from
2011:
1831:
2502:
2495:Places adjacent to Cao Bằng province
2385:
1848:General Statistics Office of Vietnam
1098:. The most notable of these are the
252:Cao Bằng Provincial People's Council
1586:This water fall is the 4th largest
141:Location of Cao Bằng within Vietnam
13:
14:
3185:
2453:
2416:. Vietnamnet Global. 2023-03-18.
2570:
2556:
2548:
2531:
2515:
2414:"God's Eye Mountain in Cao Bang"
1748:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1096:Vietnam's ethnic minority groups
646:On 27 February 1979, during the
530:Map of Cao Bang province in 1909
483:. The province has borders with
190:
135:
112:
86:
77:
66:
57:
46:
2420:from the original on 2023-12-27
2406:
2361:
2257:
2232:
2207:
2182:
2157:
2132:
2107:
2098:
1763:
1403:
1373:
1343:
1296:
1261:
1089:
1882:
1873:
1631:Located in Quoc Toan Commune,
1497:), known by its short form as
1495:Việt Nam Độc Lập Đồng Minh Hội
1470:
698:. The main town is also named
19:Province in Northeast, Vietnam
1:
2571:
2532:
2438:The Making of South East Asia
2350:. Vietnam Embassy. 2002-09-16
1894:Đài truyền hình tỉnh Cao Bằng
1799:
918:Average rainfall mm (inches)
2557:
2549:
1340:Commune-level sub-divisions
1251:Commune-level sub-divisions
669:
7:
3128:District level subdivisions
848:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
778:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
10:
3190:
3133:Commune level subdivisions
2449:. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
1642:
1564:
1442:
1436:
1419:
1404:
1389:
1374:
1359:
1344:
1333:
1312:
1297:
1282:
1262:
1244:
1078:
729:Climate data for Cao Bằng
722:
696:People's Republic of China
605:Communist Party of Vietnam
566:in the Red River Delta.
521:
3123:
3046:
3008:
2970:
2922:
2879:
2826:
2783:
2725:
2716:
2689:
2671:
2648:
2639:
2500:
2047:Boobbyer, Claire (2008).
1783:
1771:
1531:
1236:Subdivisions of Cao Bằng
1235:
1031:
987:
917:
847:
777:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
562:shifted their capital to
448:
436:
426:
409:
390:
385:
377:
366:
355:
344:
333:
322:
315:
304:
296:
285:
280:
269:
264:
256:
248:
238:
233:
229:1 city, 9 rural districts
225:
215:
203:
185:
150:
146:
134:
126:
108:
40:
31:
24:
3143:List of former provinces
1757:
1226:Administrative divisions
98:From top, left to right:
2633:Subdivisions of Vietnam
2435:Cœdès, George. (1966).
2104:Also called Kinh people
1923:Chapuis, Oscar (1995).
1879:Also called Kinh people
1618:Thang Hen Mountain lake
1567:Ban Gioc – Detian Falls
1212:Tibeto-Burman languages
586:leader, from the area.
1789:
1777:
1549:
1541:
1489:
574:in 1039, when Emperor
531:
300:82/km (210/sq mi)
2288:Boobbyer, pp. 135–136
2000:. Global Security.org
1987:Boobbyer, pp. 133–135
1637:UNESCO Global Geopark
1565:Further information:
1547:
1539:
1487:
529:
3174:Provinces of Vietnam
2395:. Vietnam Beauty.com
2024:. Museum of Learning
1429:2 towns, 19 communes
1399:3 towns, 16 communes
1384:2 towns, 15 communes
1354:2 towns, 19 communes
1272:8 wards, 3 communes
1174:Trùng Khánh District
1149:Hmong-Mien languages
297: • Density
3169:Northeast (Vietnam)
2924:South Central Coast
2881:North Central Coast
1968:"Cao Bang Province"
1925:"Rulers of Vietnam"
1572:Bản Giốc Waterfalls
1414:1 town, 13 communes
1369:1 town, 14 communes
1322:1 town, 12 communes
1307:1 town, 12 communes
1292:1 town, 16 communes
1180:Quảng Uyên District
1081:World Climate Guide
988:Average rainy days
730:
648:Sino-Vietnamese War
378: • Others
166: /
16:Province of Vietnam
1826:. 18 October 2023.
1627:God's Eye Mountain
1561:Bản Giốc waterfall
1550:
1542:
1490:
1172:Tày Trùng Khánh -
728:
708:Bản Giốc Waterfall
658:. The district of
532:
170:22.667°N 106.000°E
3164:Cao Bằng province
3151:
3150:
3119:
3118:
2972:Central Highlands
2712:
2711:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2589:Lạng Sơn province
2554:Cao Bằng province
2543:Hà Giang province
2461:(English version)
2060:978-1-906098-13-1
2050:Footprint Vietnam
1866:978-604-75-1532-5
1633:Trà Lĩnh district
1554:Bản Doc Waterfall
1523:Mạc King's Temple
1440:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1327:
1326:
1205:Hà Quảng District
1186:Hà Quảng District
1086:
1085:
613:Hà Quảng District
466:
465:
249: • Body
239: • Type
3181:
2723:
2722:
2704:Ho Chi Minh City
2646:
2645:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2584:Bắc Kạn province
2574:
2573:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2551:
2535:
2534:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2503:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2466:
2465:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:on March 1, 2009
2319:
2310:
2309:Boobbyer, p. 135
2307:
2298:
2297:Boobbyer, p. 134
2295:
2289:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2044:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2018:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1964:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1920:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1858:
1844:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1812:
1794:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1767:
1752:
1743:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1331:
1242:
1233:
1218:Bảo Lạc District
1203:En (Nùng Vên) -
1192:Bảo Lạc District
1168:Bảo Lạc District
731:
727:
694:province of the
664:Bảo Lạc District
501:Guangxi province
462:
459:
457:
455:
196:
194:
193:
181:
180:
178:
177:
176:
171:
167:
164:
163:
162:
159:
139:
116:
90:
81:
70:
61:
50:
22:
21:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3115:
3042:
3018:Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu
3004:
2966:
2918:
2875:
2828:Red River Delta
2822:
2779:
2708:
2685:
2667:
2635:
2630:
2600:
2595:
2561:
2516:
2514:
2496:
2493:
2456:
2432:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2353:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2274:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2249:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2224:
2222:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2149:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2124:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2012:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1921:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1856:
1845:
1832:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1569:
1534:
1514:Coi Binh Church
1473:
1445:
1228:
1092:
1087:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
725:
672:
554:, and southern
524:
452:
401:
400:14.429 trillion
191:
189:
175:22.667; 106.000
174:
172:
168:
165:
160:
157:
155:
153:
152:
142:
130:
127:Nickname:
122:
121:
120:
119:
104:
95:
94:
93:
92:
91:
83:
82:
73:
72:
71:
63:
62:
53:
52:
51:
36:
27:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3187:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3138:List of cities
3135:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
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2987:
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2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2914:Thừa Thiên Huế
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
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2683:
2677:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2643:
2641:Municipalities
2637:
2636:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2592:
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2586:
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2455:
2454:External links
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1596:Victoria Falls
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1166:Tày Bảo Lạc -
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260:Hoàng Xuân Ánh
258:
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117:
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109:
106:
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101:Ban Gioc Falls
96:
85:
84:
76:
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65:
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55:
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3186:
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3144:
3141:
3139:
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3112:
3109:
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2373:triphanoi.com
2370:
2364:
2349:
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2328:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2294:
2285:
2271:on 2009-08-31
2270:
2266:
2260:
2246:on 2009-11-13
2245:
2241:
2235:
2221:on 2009-11-13
2220:
2216:
2210:
2196:on 2009-11-13
2195:
2191:
2185:
2171:on 2009-11-13
2170:
2166:
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2146:on 2009-11-13
2145:
2141:
2135:
2121:on 2009-11-13
2120:
2116:
2110:
2101:
2087:on 2009-11-13
2086:
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2039:
2023:
2017:
2015:
1999:
1993:
1984:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1940:
1938:0-313-29622-7
1934:
1930:
1926:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1895:
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1600:Niagara Falls
1597:
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1584:
1582:
1581:thác Bản Giốc
1576:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1546:
1538:
1529:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1505:Kỳ Sầm Temple
1504:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1219:
1216:Black Lolo -
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1199:Kra languages
1197:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1184:Nùng Giang -
1183:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1162:Tai languages
1160:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:Mean monthly
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
986:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
916:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
846:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
776:
732:
720:
718:
712:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
616:
614:
610:
606:
600:
598:
593:
592:Mạc Đăng Dung
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
567:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
528:
519:
517:
513:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
461:
451:
447:
444:
441:
439:
438:ISO 3166 code
435:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
414:
412:
408:
405:0.627 billion
404:
399:
396:
394:
391: •
389:
384:
380:
376:
372:
370:
367: •
365:
361:
359:
356: •
354:
350:
348:
345: •
343:
339:
337:
334: •
332:
328:
326:
323: •
321:
318:
317:Ethnic groups
314:
310:
308:
305: •
303:
299:
295:
291:
289:
286: •
284:
279:
275:
273:
270: •
268:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
244:
241:
237:
232:
228:
224:
221:
218:
214:
211:
208:
206:
202:
199:
188:
184:
179:
151:Coordinates:
149:
145:
138:
133:
125:
115:
107:
102:
99:
89:
80:
69:
60:
49:
39:
35:
30:
23:
3048:Mekong Delta
2775:Tuyên Quang
2744:
2553:
2437:
2422:. Retrieved
2408:
2397:. Retrieved
2387:
2376:. Retrieved
2372:
2363:
2352:. Retrieved
2342:
2331:. Retrieved
2327:the original
2293:
2284:
2273:. Retrieved
2269:the original
2259:
2248:. Retrieved
2244:the original
2234:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:the original
2209:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2184:
2173:. Retrieved
2169:the original
2159:
2148:. Retrieved
2144:the original
2134:
2123:. Retrieved
2119:the original
2109:
2100:
2089:. Retrieved
2085:the original
2075:
2064:. Retrieved
2049:
2026:. Retrieved
2002:. Retrieved
1992:
1983:
1972:. Retrieved
1942:. Retrieved
1928:
1897:. Retrieved
1893:
1884:
1875:
1852:
1765:
1630:
1621:
1592:Iguazu Falls
1585:
1580:
1577:
1570:
1551:
1526:
1517:
1508:
1494:
1491:
1474:
1461:
1457:
1446:
1428:
1413:
1398:
1383:
1368:
1353:
1321:
1306:
1291:
1271:
1256:
1229:
1143:
1120:
1116:
1093:
1090:Demographics
713:
704:
673:
645:
625:
617:
601:
588:
580:Nùng Trí Cao
576:Lý Thái Tông
568:
533:
509:
468:
467:
129:High Plateau
97:
2770:Thái Nguyên
2022:"Geography"
1519:apiaries".
1488:Cốc Bó cave
1471:Attractions
1449:agriculture
1421:Trùng Khánh
1376:Nguyên Bình
680:Tuyên Quang
609:Hồ Chí Minh
489:Tuyên Quang
226:Subdivision
173: /
3158:Categories
3101:Tiền Giang
3086:Kiên Giang
3028:Bình Phước
3023:Bình Dương
2962:Quảng Ngãi
2947:Ninh Thuận
2937:Bình Thuận
2899:Quảng Bình
2765:Quảng Ninh
2447:0520050614
2424:2024-03-08
2399:2010-07-02
2378:2007-02-12
2369:"Cao Bằng"
2354:2010-07-02
2333:2010-07-02
2275:2010-06-23
2250:2010-06-23
2225:2010-06-23
2200:2010-06-23
2175:2010-06-23
2150:2010-06-23
2125:2010-06-23
2091:2010-06-23
2066:2010-07-02
2028:2010-06-28
2004:2010-08-27
1974:2010-08-30
1944:2010-07-02
1800:References
1612:tram huong
1337:Population
1278:Huyện (9)
1248:Population
1178:Nùng An -
1139:Vietnamese
1137:(10.36%),
1133:(11.65%),
1129:(29.81%),
1125:(40.84%),
550:, western
536:Bronze Age
479:region of
428:Area codes
369:Vietnamese
281:Population
234:Government
3111:Vĩnh Long
3096:Sóc Trăng
3081:Hậu Giang
3076:Đồng Tháp
3010:Southeast
2957:Quảng Nam
2942:Khánh Hòa
2932:Bình Định
2909:Thanh Hóa
2904:Quảng Trị
2871:Vĩnh Phúc
2866:Thái Bình
2861:Ninh Bình
2846:Hải Dương
2793:Điện Biên
2785:Northwest
2735:Bắc Giang
2727:Northeast
2718:Provinces
1781:;Bǎn Yuē=
1778:Đức Thiên
1588:waterfall
1499:Việt Minh
1391:Quảng Hòa
670:Geography
621:Quảng Hòa
578:expelled
560:Thục Phán
552:Guangdong
538:when the
477:Northeast
416:UTC+07:00
411:Time zone
210:Northeast
3106:Trà Vinh
3066:Bến Tre
3061:Bạc Liêu
3056:An Giang
3038:Tây Ninh
3033:Đồng Nai
3000:Lâm Đồng
2985:Đắk Nông
2856:Nam Định
2851:Hưng Yên
2836:Bắc Ninh
2803:Lai Châu
2798:Hòa Bình
2755:Lạng Sơn
2750:Hà Giang
2745:Cao Bằng
2658:Haiphong
2650:Northern
2418:Archived
1850:(2019).
1790:Bản Giốc
1453:forestry
1406:Thạch An
1346:Hà Quảng
1264:Cao Bằng
1257:City (1)
1079:Source:
700:Cao Bằng
688:Lạng Sơn
676:Hà Giang
636:Bắc Thái
628:Ngân Sơn
597:Cao Bình
584:Tày-Nùng
572:Đại Việt
497:Lạng Sơn
485:Hà Giang
473:province
469:Cao Bằng
456:.caobang
393:Province
288:Province
272:Province
243:Province
220:Cao Bằng
34:Province
26:Cao Bằng
3091:Long An
2995:Kon Tum
2990:Gia Lai
2980:Đắk Lắk
2952:Phú Yên
2894:Nghệ An
2889:Hà Tĩnh
2818:Yên Bái
2808:Lào Cai
2760:Phú Thọ
2740:Bắc Kạn
2699:Cần Thơ
2691:Sothern
2681:Da Nang
2673:Central
2511:Guangxi
1643:Gallery
1608:endemic
1443:Economy
1314:Hạ Lang
1299:Bảo Lâm
1284:Bảo Lạc
1190:Giáy -
1156:Kim Mun
983:(53.5)
723:Climate
717:Nao Pac
692:Guangxi
684:Bắc Kạn
660:Bảo Lâm
656:Bắc Kạn
556:Guangxi
548:Vietnam
544:Âu Việt
522:History
493:Bắc Kạn
481:Vietnam
475:of the
449:Website
311:136,010
292:547,879
216:Capital
198:Vietnam
186:Country
161:106°0′E
158:22°40′N
3071:Cà Mau
2841:Hà Nam
2813:Sơn La
2520:
2445:
2057:
1935:
1899:10 May
1863:
1598:, and
1532:Nature
1480:Pác Bó
1425:70,424
1410:30,001
1395:66,620
1380:39,654
1365:52,762
1361:Hòa An
1350:59,467
1318:25,439
1303:65,025
1288:54,420
1268:73,549
1110:, and
1074:1,618
978:(0.8)
973:(1.7)
968:(3.6)
963:(5.9)
958:(9.8)
953:(8.8)
948:(9.0)
943:(6.9)
938:(3.6)
933:(1.5)
928:(1.0)
923:(0.9)
734:Month
686:, and
632:Chợ Rã
564:Cổ Loa
516:Pác Bó
495:, and
362:10.36%
351:11.65%
340:29.81%
329:40.84%
205:Region
195:
2663:Hanoi
2523:China
1857:(PDF)
1820:(PDF)
1758:Notes
1464:đồngs
1153:Hmong
1112:Hmong
981:1,359
913:(65)
908:(52)
903:(59)
898:(66)
893:(72)
888:(75)
883:(75)
878:(75)
873:(73)
868:(66)
863:(61)
858:(54)
853:(50)
843:(80)
838:(68)
833:(75)
828:(81)
823:(88)
818:(90)
813:(90)
808:(90)
803:(88)
798:(81)
793:(73)
788:(66)
783:(64)
773:Year
641:Ba Bể
505:China
471:is a
443:VN-04
381:2.22%
373:5.12%
307:Urban
2443:ISBN
2055:ISBN
1933:ISBN
1901:2020
1861:ISBN
1604:army
1451:and
1334:Name
1245:Name
1131:Mông
1127:Nùng
1104:Nùng
1071:124
1068:120
1065:155
1062:180
1059:186
1056:186
1053:150
1050:186
1047:120
1027:158
770:Dec
767:Nov
764:Oct
761:Sep
758:Aug
755:Jul
752:Jun
749:May
746:Apr
743:Mar
740:Feb
737:Jan
630:and
582:, a
458:.gov
403:US$
347:Mông
336:Nùng
265:Area
118:Seal
1583:).
1135:Dao
1123:Tày
1108:Dao
1100:Tày
1044:93
1041:56
1038:62
1018:12
1015:14
1012:19
1009:18
1006:17
1003:15
1000:14
997:12
994:10
991:10
961:150
956:249
951:224
946:229
941:174
540:Tày
512:Tày
503:in
460:.vn
454:www
432:206
420:ICT
398:VND
386:GDP
358:Dao
325:Tày
3160::
2513:,
2371:.
2314:^
2302:^
2037:^
2013:^
1953:^
1927:.
1909:^
1892:.
1833:^
1807:^
1784:板約
1772:德天
1639:.
1594:,
1114:.
1106:,
1102:,
1024:8
1021:9
976:20
971:44
966:91
936:91
931:39
926:26
921:22
911:18
906:11
901:15
896:19
891:22
886:24
881:24
876:24
871:23
866:19
861:16
856:12
851:10
841:26
836:20
831:24
826:27
821:31
816:32
811:32
806:32
801:31
796:27
791:23
786:19
781:18
702:.
682:,
678:,
491:,
487:,
2625:e
2618:t
2611:v
2488:e
2481:t
2474:v
2427:.
2402:.
2381:.
2357:.
2336:.
2278:.
2253:.
2228:.
2203:.
2178:.
2153:.
2128:.
2094:.
2069:.
2031:.
2007:.
1977:.
1947:.
1903:.
1869:.
1787:=
1775:=
422:)
418:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
