310:
202:
566:
641:
24:
716:
646:
644:
1255:
The compound was formerly an intermediate in the preparation of lactic acid for food and medical uses. The impure acid from various sources was converted to calcium lactate, purified by crystallization, and then converted back to acid by treatment with
1381:
Martina
Vavrusova, Merete Bøgelund Munk, and Leif H. Skibsted (2013): "Aqueous Solubility of Calcium l-Lactate, Calcium d-Gluconate, and Calcium d-Lactobionate: Importance of Complex Formation for Solubility Increase by Hydroxycarboxylate Mixtures".
927:). The L isomer is the one normally synthesized and metabolized by living organisms, but some bacteria can produce the D form or convert the L to D. Thus calcium lactate also has D and L isomers, where all anions are of the same type.
1001:
The DL (racemic) form of the salt is much less soluble in water than the pure L or D isomers, so that a solution that contains as little as 25% of the D form will deposit racemic DL-lactate crystals instead of L-lactate.
1919:
574:
1757:
949:) at 25 °C to 9.74 g/dl or more. Paradoxically, while the solubility of calcium L-lactate increases with temperature from 10 °C (4.8 g/dl) to 30 °C (8.5 g/dl), the concentration of free
546:
1826:
Luna-Guzman, Irene; Diane M. Barrett (2000). "Comparison of calcium chloride and calcium lactate effectiveness in maintaining shelf stability and quality of fresh-cut cantaloupes".
645:
1783:
Sudaa, R.; T. Suzukia; R. Takiguchib; K. Egawab; T. Sanob; K. Hasegawa (2006). "The Effect of Adding
Calcium Lactate to Xylitol Chewing Gum on remineralization of Enamel Lesions".
1604:
Rojan P. John, K. Madhavan
Nampoothiri, Ashok Pandey (2007): "Fermentative production of lactic acid from biomass: an overview on process developments and future perspectives"
1488:
G.F. Tansman, P.S. Kindstedt, J.M. Hughes (2014): "Powder X-ray diffraction can differentiate between enantiomeric variants of calcium lactate pentahydrate crystal in cheese".
1911:
616:
1889:
J.M. Irwan, L.H. Anneza, N. Othman, A. Faisal
Alshalif (2016): "Compressive Strength and Water Penetration of Concrete with Enterococcus faecalis and Calcium Lactate".
647:
1521:
Yukoh Sakata, Sumihiro
Shiraishi, Makoto Otsuka (2005): "Characterization of dehydration and hydration behavior of calcium lactate pentahydrate and its anhydrate".
1713:
A.B. Luckhardt and B. Goldberg (1923): "Preservation of the Life of
Completely Parathyroidectomized Dogs by Means of the Oral Administration of Calcium Lactate."
1754:
1094:
In the early 20th century, oral administration of calcium lactate dissolved in water (but not in milk or tablets) was found to be effective in prevention of
521:
119:
729:
1315:
1638:
669:
2254:
1959:
359:
1869:
R. Devesa-Rey, G. Bustos, J. M. Cruz, A. B. Moldes (2012): "Evaluation of Non-Conventional
Coagulants to Remove Turbidity from Water".
1572:
1407:
Martina
Vavrusova, Ran Liang, and Leif H. Skibsted (2014): "Thermodynamics of Dissolution of Calcium Hydroxycarboxylates in Water".
960:
ions decreases by almost one half. This is explained as the lactate and calcium ions becoming less hydrated and forming a complex
1852:
B.N. Paul, S. Sarkar, S. S. Giri, S. N Mohanty, P. K. Mukhopadhyay (2006): "Dietary calcium and phosphorus requirements of rohu
1564:
Kook Hwa Choi, Yong Keun Chang, and Jin-Hyun Kim (2011) "Optimization of
Precipitation Process for the Recovery of Lactic Acid".
1733:
Carolyn A. Tylenda (2011): "Toxicological
Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride, and Fluorine (Update)". DIANE Publishing.
2808:
1464:
1996:
724:
1052:. Fermentation may produce either D or L lactate, or a racemic mixture of both, depending on the type of organism used.
1441:
1952:
1738:
1553:
324:
2825:
1659:
Straub DA (June 2007). "Calcium supplementation in clinical practice: a review of forms, doses, and indications".
1087:, thus it does not need to be taken with food. However, in this use it has been found to be less convenient than
736:
655:
1544:
H. Benninga (1990): "A History of Lactic Acid Making: A Chapter in the History of Biotechnology". Volume 11 of
1303:
Addition of calcium lactate substantially increases the compressive strength and reduces water permeability of
1264:. This method yielded a purer product than would be obtained by distillation of the original acid. Recently
1277:
1945:
1133:
1129:
602:
267:
197:
139:
2867:
1630:
455:
L-lactate, anhydrous, g/100 mL: 4.8 (10 °C), 5.8 (20 °C), 6.7 (25 °C), 8.5 (30 °C); 7.9 g/100 mL (30 °C)
288:
612:
2862:
2852:
2744:
2685:
2536:
2313:
565:
477:
1280:
for removing suspended solids from water, as a renewable, non-toxic, and biodegradable alternative to
2353:
2056:
2051:
1349:
1202:
1183:
209:
2716:
692:
305:
1005:
The pentahydrate loses water in a dry atmosphere between 35 and 135 °C, being reduced to the
2813:
2021:
2721:
2328:
2280:
2197:
2041:
1327:
1153:
934:) salt. Both the L and the DL forms occur as crystals on the surface of aging Cheddar cheese.
1429:
2508:
2473:
2383:
2230:
2179:
1898:
1321:
1309:
912:
588:
558:
1569:
620:
2373:
2235:
2207:
2144:
1224:
276:
159:
44:
1009:
form and losing its crystalline character. The process is reversed at 25 °C and 75%
8:
2285:
2260:
2240:
2225:
2134:
2129:
2114:
2109:
2104:
1702:
1460:
The Efficacy of Sodium Gluconate as a Calcium Lactate Crystal Inhibitor in Cheddar Cheese
1066:
930:
Some synthesis processes yield a mixture of the two in equal parts, resulting in the DL (
95:
85:
1109:
The compound is also found in some mouth washes and toothpaste as an anti-tartar agent.
309:
201:
2699:
2521:
2393:
2245:
2164:
2119:
2036:
1988:
1968:
1808:
1693:
Sloan J. Wilson (1938): "Postoperative Parathyroid Insufficiency and Calcium Lactate".
1344:
1167:
Calcium lactate is also known as cheese lactate because it coagulates milk, making the
1839:
937:
The solubility of calcium L-lactate in water increases significantly in presence of d-
2857:
2767:
2762:
2603:
2503:
2498:
2460:
2378:
2290:
2270:
2250:
2174:
2169:
2154:
2139:
2124:
2076:
2071:
2046:
2011:
2006:
1800:
1734:
1722:
1676:
1549:
1437:
1354:
1281:
1157:
1117:
1103:
1049:
1045:
1030:
1026:
1010:
1812:
1216:, to keep them firm and extend their shelf life, without the bitter taste caused by
2662:
2654:
2608:
2585:
2567:
2455:
2348:
2333:
2323:
2275:
2265:
2149:
2031:
2016:
1894:
1874:
1835:
1792:
1718:
1698:
1668:
1609:
1530:
1526:
1493:
1412:
1387:
1265:
1217:
752:
532:
496:
449:
382:
256:
2790:
2772:
2739:
2680:
2631:
2626:
2531:
2426:
2338:
2308:
2202:
2159:
2081:
2026:
2001:
1761:
1576:
1359:
1261:
1236:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1088:
900:
1672:
2819:
2670:
2516:
2478:
2421:
2398:
2388:
2368:
2358:
2343:
2318:
2086:
2066:
1232:
707:
1878:
1613:
2846:
2550:
2403:
2363:
1257:
1179:
1137:
1080:
888:
884:
436:
235:
190:
1937:
1175:
cheese. Chhena is also used to make various sweets and other milk proteins.
2649:
1972:
1804:
1680:
1206:
1041:
1037:
527:
419:
1497:
668:
2490:
2447:
1304:
1194:
1190:
1099:
1022:
786:
681:
654:
179:
2675:
2465:
2189:
1430:"Chapter 24: Cheddar and Related Hard Cheeses. 24.6: Crystal Formation"
1247:
Calcium lactate may be added to animal rations as a source of calcium.
1213:
916:
661:
460:
405:
210:
150:
1796:
1416:
1391:
2217:
2096:
1782:
1161:
1006:
946:
938:
1773:
E.J. Pyler (1988), Baking Science and Technology, Sosland Publishing
1510:
Exploring the nature of crystals in cheese through X-ray diffraction
1112:
Calcium lactate (or other calcium salts) is an antidote for soluble
706:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
2782:
2731:
2708:
2618:
2431:
1113:
1036:
Since the 19th century, the salt has been obtained industrially by
892:
627:
466:
227:
170:
333:
InChI=1S/2C3H6O3.Ca/c2*1-2(4)3(5)6;/h2*2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6);/q;;+2/p-2
118:
23:
2754:
2526:
2439:
1332:
1198:
1073:
931:
834:
817:
662:
608:
470:
426:
343:
InChI=1/2C3H6O3.Ca/c2*1-2(4)3(5)6;/h2*2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6);/q;;+2/p-2
243:
1128:
The compound is a food additive classified by the United States
2577:
2559:
2413:
2300:
1172:
1168:
1095:
820:
130:
1912:"Dutch scientist invents self-healing concrete with bacteria"
1458:
1427:
789:
108:
1268:
has been used as an alternative to calcium in this process.
293:
2641:
2595:
1825:
942:
594:
1228:
1212:
The compound is also added to fresh-cut fruits, such as
1189:
Calcium lactate is added to sugar-free foods to prevent
1428:
Stephie Clark & Shantanu Agarwal (April 27, 2007).
1084:
1083:(calcium deficiencies). It can be absorbed at various
883:
Calcium lactate is used in medicine, mainly to treat
228:
1591:"A gypsum-free, energy-saving route to lactic acid"
1186:. It provides calcium in order to delay leavening.
1044:in the presence of calcium mineral sources such as
1021:Calcium lactate can be prepared by the reaction of
1091:. Calcium lactate contains 13% elemental calcium.
441:240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (anhydrous)
1436:(1st ed.). Wiley-Interscience. p. 589.
2844:
255:
643:
94:
1065:Calcium lactate has several uses in human and
1967:
1953:
1652:
1749:U. S. Food and Drug Administration (2016):
1715:Journal of the American Medical Association
1512:Masters Dissertation, University of Vermont
1220:, which can also be used for this purpose.
1960:
1946:
1587:
1585:
1456:
1072:Calcium lactate is used in medicine as an
308:
200:
158:
1450:
1409:Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry
1384:Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry
1276:Calcium lactate has been considered as a
1178:Calcium lactate is an ingredient in some
837:, the most common being the pentahydrate
275:
1492:, volume 97, issue 12, pages 7354–7362.
1411:, volume 62, issue 24, pages 5675–5681.
1582:
1434:Handbook of Food Products Manufacturing
1386:, volume 61 issue 34, pages 8207–8214.
304:
178:
2845:
1899:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.705.345
1873:, volume 223, issue 2, pages 591–598.
1863:
1658:
1606:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
1540:
1538:
1523:Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
1484:
1482:
1403:
1401:
1399:
191:
1941:
1909:
1883:
1767:
1751:Code of Federal Regulations: Title 21
1697:, volume 37, issue 3, pages 490-497.
1687:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1608:, volume 74, issue 3, pages 524–534
1525:, volume 46, issue 3, pages 135–141.
1515:
1377:
1375:
1239:to form a skin around the food item.
1231:-soluble agent for plain and reverse
336:Key: MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L
138:
1910:Moneo, Shannon (11 September 2015).
1858:Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology
1846:
1727:
1707:
1703:10.1001/archsurg.1938.01200030139008
1558:
1502:
1260:, which precipitated the calcium as
531:
418:white or off-white powder, slightly
1743:
1717:, volume 80, issue 2, pages 79-80.
1535:
1479:
1463:(Thesis). University of Minnesota.
1396:
346:Key: MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-NUQVWONBAM
246:
13:
1922:from the original on 22 March 2018
1860:, volume 6, issue 2, pages 257-263
1828:Postharvest Biology and Technology
1618:
1372:
1271:
639:
14:
2879:
1871:Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
1723:10.1001/jama.1923.02640290009002
1467:from the original on May 5, 2021
1123:
714:
564:
49:Calcium bis(2-hydroxypropanoate)
22:
2198:adenosine triphosphate disodium
1903:
1819:
1776:
1755:21CFR184.1207 "Calcium lactate"
1641:from the original on 2021-05-13
1598:
1457:Phadungath, Chanokphat (2011).
1307:, by enabling bacteria such as
1242:
1102:insufficiency or who underwent
710:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1531:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.10.004
1421:
1298:
1016:
1:
1893:, volume 705, pages 345-349.
1840:10.1016/S0925-5214(00)00079-X
1365:
906:
2314:Glucose with sodium chloride
1250:
1134:Generally Recognized as Safe
903:consist of calcium lactate.
7:
1673:10.1177/0115426507022003286
1568:, volume 26, pages 13-18. (
1338:
1223:Calcium lactate is used in
1060:
10:
2884:
1997:β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate
1171:used in the production of
410:218.22 g/mol
2803:
2781:
2753:
2730:
2707:
2698:
2640:
2617:
2594:
2576:
2558:
2549:
2412:
2299:
2216:
2188:
2095:
1987:
1980:
1891:Key Engineering Materials
1879:10.1007/s11270-011-0884-8
1614:10.1007/s00253-006-0779-6
1508:Gil Fils Tansman (2014):
1350:Calcium lactate gluconate
1184:sodium acid pyrophosphate
1079:It is also used to treat
704:
545:
540:
514:
375:
355:
320:
78:
70:calcium salt pentahydrate
61:calcium lactate 5-hydrate
55:
43:
38:
21:
1490:Journal of Dairy Science
1098:in humans and dogs with
603:Precautionary statements
1764:, revised April 1, 2016
1055:
751:is a white crystalline
67:2-hydroxypropanoic acid
1635:www.tripurabiotech.com
1631:"Calcium Lactate Uses"
1546:Chemists and Chemistry
1432:. In Y. H. Hui (ed.).
1328:Sporosarcina pasteurii
1154:nutritional supplement
1136:(GRAS), for uses as a
650:
443:120 °C (pentahydrate)
367:.C(=O)C(O)C.C(=O)C(O)C
2474:methylsulfonylmethane
1498:10.3168/jds.2014-8277
1322:Bacillus pseudofirmus
1310:Enterococcus faecalis
649:
2512:-adenosyl methionine
2208:monosodium phosphate
1593:Chemical Engineering
1225:molecular gastronomy
885:calcium deficiencies
833:. It forms several
785:, consisting of two
632:(fire diamond)
45:Preferred IUPAC name
2745:monofluorophosphate
2255:+hydrogen carbonate
1969:Mineral supplements
1916:Journal Of Commerce
1695:Archives of Surgery
1201:, it increases the
1067:veterinary medicine
911:The lactate ion is
450:Solubility in water
236:(antioxidants, ...)
18:
2868:E-number additives
2830:Never to phase III
2522:Sodium thiosulfate
2354:hydrogen carbonate
1760:2017-04-15 at the
1753:Volume 3, section
1575:2017-04-16 at the
1345:Calcium supplement
737:Infobox references
651:
16:
2863:Food antioxidants
2853:Calcium compounds
2840:
2839:
2799:
2798:
2694:
2693:
2665:
2657:
2545:
2544:
2504:protamine sulfate
2499:potassium sulfate
2485:
2468:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2057:lactate gluconate
2052:glycerylphosphate
1797:10.1159/000088905
1417:10.1021/jf501453c
1392:10.1021/jf402124n
1355:Calcium gluconate
1282:aluminum chloride
1235:. It reacts with
1118:hydrofluoric acid
1104:parathyroidectomy
1050:calcium hydroxide
1046:calcium carbonate
1031:calcium hydroxide
1027:calcium carbonate
1011:relative humidity
745:Chemical compound
743:
742:
589:Hazard statements
289:CompTox Dashboard
120:Interactive image
32:
2875:
2717:(III) picolinate
2705:
2704:
2663:
2655:
2586:potassium iodide
2556:
2555:
2483:
2466:
2456:Iron(II) sulfate
2448:
2440:
2432:
2022:+cholecalciferol
1985:
1984:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1907:
1901:
1887:
1881:
1867:
1861:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1765:
1747:
1741:
1731:
1725:
1711:
1705:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1627:
1616:
1602:
1596:
1589:
1580:
1562:
1556:
1542:
1533:
1519:
1513:
1506:
1500:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1425:
1419:
1405:
1394:
1379:
1331:to produce more
1294:
1293:
1292:
1266:ammonium lactate
1227:as a flavorless
1218:calcium chloride
1203:remineralization
1193:. When added to
997:
996:
995:
988:
987:
979:
978:
970:
969:
959:
958:
957:
879:
877:
876:
866:
865:
864:
856:
855:
847:
846:
832:
831:
830:
815:
814:
813:
803:
801:
800:
784:
783:
782:
774:
773:
765:
764:
727:
721:
718:
717:
671:
664:
657:
642:
622:
618:
614:
610:
596:
568:
535:
497:Refractive index
465:very soluble in
383:Chemical formula
313:
312:
297:
295:
279:
259:
248:
230:
212:
204:
193:
182:
162:
142:
122:
98:
30:
26:
19:
17:Calcium lactate
15:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2820:Clinical trials
2795:
2777:
2749:
2726:
2690:
2636:
2613:
2590:
2572:
2541:
2427:Calcium sulfate
2408:
2329:calcium edetate
2309:Docusate sodium
2295:
2212:
2184:
2091:
1976:
1966:
1936:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1904:
1888:
1884:
1868:
1864:
1851:
1847:
1824:
1820:
1785:Caries Research
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1762:Wayback Machine
1748:
1744:
1732:
1728:
1712:
1708:
1692:
1688:
1661:Nutr Clin Pract
1657:
1653:
1644:
1642:
1629:
1628:
1619:
1603:
1599:
1595:, July 1, 2009.
1590:
1583:
1577:Wayback Machine
1563:
1559:
1543:
1536:
1520:
1516:
1507:
1503:
1487:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1426:
1422:
1406:
1397:
1380:
1373:
1368:
1360:Calcium citrate
1341:
1316:Bacillus cohnii
1301:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1274:
1272:Water treatment
1262:calcium sulfate
1253:
1245:
1237:sodium alginate
1150:leavening agent
1146:flavoring agent
1142:flavor enhancer
1126:
1089:calcium citrate
1063:
1058:
1019:
994:
992:
991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
981:
977:
974:
973:
972:
968:
965:
964:
963:
961:
956:
954:
953:
952:
950:
941:ions, from 6.7
909:
901:cheese crystals
875:
872:
871:
870:
868:
863:
860:
859:
858:
854:
851:
850:
849:
845:
842:
841:
840:
838:
829:
827:
826:
825:
823:
812:
809:
808:
807:
805:
799:
796:
795:
794:
792:
781:
778:
777:
776:
772:
769:
768:
767:
763:
760:
759:
758:
756:
749:Calcium lactate
746:
739:
734:
733:
732: ?)
723:
719:
715:
711:
697:
694:
686:Not applicable
676:
675:
674:
673:
666:
659:
652:
648:
640:
605:
591:
577:
561:
524:
507:
505:
486:
469:, insoluble in
452:
442:
399:
395:
391:
385:
371:
368:
363:
362:
351:
348:
347:
344:
338:
337:
334:
328:
327:
316:
298:
291:
282:
262:
249:
222:
185:
165:
145:
125:
112:
101:
88:
74:
73:
64:calcium lactate
51:
50:
34:
27:
12:
11:
5:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2722:(III) chloride
2719:
2713:
2711:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:Sodium sulfate
2514:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2494:-α-lipoic acid
2488:
2476:
2471:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2429:
2424:
2422:barium sulfate
2418:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2399:Suramin sodium
2396:
2391:
2386:
2384:stibogluconate
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2319:Heparin sodium
2316:
2311:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2203:hydroxyapatite
2200:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2087:hydroxyapatite
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2042:glucoheptonate
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1965:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1942:
1934:
1933:
1902:
1882:
1862:
1845:
1818:
1775:
1766:
1742:
1726:
1706:
1686:
1651:
1617:
1597:
1581:
1557:
1534:
1514:
1501:
1478:
1449:
1443:978-0470049648
1442:
1420:
1395:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1337:
1300:
1297:
1289:
1273:
1270:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1241:
1233:spherification
1180:baking powders
1125:
1122:
1116:ingestion and
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1018:
1015:
993:
984:
975:
966:
955:
908:
905:
873:
861:
852:
843:
828:
810:
797:
779:
770:
761:
744:
741:
740:
735:
713:
712:
708:standard state
705:
702:
701:
698:
691:
688:
687:
684:
678:
677:
667:
660:
653:
638:
637:
636:
635:
633:
624:
623:
617:P305+P351+P338
606:
601:
598:
597:
592:
587:
584:
583:
578:
573:
570:
569:
562:
557:
554:
553:
543:
542:
538:
537:
525:
520:
517:
516:
512:
511:
508:
503:
495:
492:
491:
488:
484:
474:
473:
463:
457:
456:
453:
448:
445:
444:
439:
433:
432:
429:
423:
422:
416:
412:
411:
408:
402:
401:
397:
393:
389:
386:
381:
378:
377:
373:
372:
370:
369:
366:
358:
357:
356:
353:
352:
350:
349:
345:
342:
341:
339:
335:
332:
331:
323:
322:
321:
318:
317:
315:
314:
301:
299:
287:
284:
283:
281:
280:
272:
270:
264:
263:
261:
260:
252:
250:
242:
239:
238:
232:
224:
223:
221:
220:
216:
214:
206:
205:
195:
187:
186:
184:
183:
175:
173:
167:
166:
164:
163:
155:
153:
147:
146:
144:
143:
135:
133:
127:
126:
124:
123:
115:
113:
106:
103:
102:
100:
99:
91:
89:
84:
81:
80:
76:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
58:
57:
53:
52:
48:
47:
41:
40:
36:
35:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2880:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2604:(II) fumarate
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2404:Valproic acid
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:nitroprusside
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
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2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1739:9781437930771
1736:
1730:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1667:(3): 286–96.
1666:
1662:
1655:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1594:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1554:9780792306252
1551:
1548:. Springer,
1547:
1541:
1539:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
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1343:
1342:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1296:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1258:sulfuric acid
1248:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:firming agent
1135:
1131:
1124:Food industry
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:hypocalcaemia
1077:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:carbohydrates
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
948:
944:
940:
935:
933:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:food additive
886:
881:
836:
822:
819:
791:
788:
755:with formula
754:
750:
738:
731:
726:
709:
703:
699:
696:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
679:
672:
665:
658:
634:
631:
630:
626:
625:
607:
604:
600:
599:
593:
590:
586:
585:
582:
579:
576:
572:
571:
567:
563:
560:
556:
555:
551:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
526:
523:
519:
518:
515:Pharmacology
513:
509:
502:
498:
494:
493:
489:
483:
479:
476:
475:
472:
468:
464:
462:
459:
458:
454:
451:
447:
446:
440:
438:
437:Melting point
435:
434:
430:
428:
425:
424:
421:
417:
414:
413:
409:
407:
404:
403:
387:
384:
380:
379:
374:
365:
364:
361:
354:
340:
330:
329:
326:
319:
311:
307:
306:DTXSID0020236
303:
302:
300:
290:
286:
285:
278:
274:
273:
271:
269:
266:
265:
258:
254:
253:
251:
245:
241:
240:
237:
233:
231:
226:
225:
218:
217:
215:
213:
208:
207:
203:
199:
196:
194:
192:ECHA InfoCard
189:
188:
181:
177:
176:
174:
172:
169:
168:
161:
157:
156:
154:
152:
149:
148:
141:
140:ChEMBL2106111
137:
136:
134:
132:
129:
128:
121:
117:
116:
114:
110:
105:
104:
97:
93:
92:
90:
87:
83:
82:
77:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
46:
42:
37:
25:
20:
2791:(IV) sulfate
2686:zinc sulfate
2609:(II) sulfate
2537:zinc sulfate
2532:(IV) sulfate
2509:
2491:
2479:
2451:-glutathione
2281:permanganate
2061:
1924:. Retrieved
1915:
1905:
1890:
1885:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1854:Labeo rohita
1853:
1848:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1791:(1): 43–46.
1788:
1784:
1778:
1769:
1750:
1745:
1729:
1714:
1709:
1694:
1689:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1643:. Retrieved
1634:
1605:
1600:
1592:
1566:KSBB Journal
1565:
1560:
1545:
1522:
1517:
1509:
1504:
1489:
1469:. Retrieved
1459:
1452:
1433:
1423:
1408:
1383:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1275:
1254:
1246:
1243:Animal feeds
1222:
1211:
1207:tooth enamel
1188:
1177:
1166:
1127:
1111:
1108:
1093:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1038:fermentation
1035:
1020:
1004:
1000:
936:
929:
924:
920:
910:
896:
882:
748:
747:
693:Autoignition
628:
580:
547:
500:
481:
420:efflorescent
79:Identifiers
56:Other names
2816:from market
2469:-methionine
2394:thiosulfate
2231:bicarbonate
2180:L-threonate
1471:October 12,
1305:bioconcrete
1299:Bioconcrete
1214:cantaloupes
1197:containing
1195:chewing gum
1191:tooth decay
1182:containing
1100:parathyroid
1023:lactic acid
1017:Preparation
923:) and L (+,
917:enantiomers
915:, with two
887:; and as a
695:temperature
682:Flash point
575:Signal word
431:1.494 g/cm
415:Appearance
376:Properties
198:100.011.278
2847:Categories
2700:Ultratrace
2681:proteinate
2666:-carnosine
2658:-aspartate
2379:phosphates
2236:bitartrate
2190:Phosphorus
2145:levulinate
2037:glubionate
1645:2020-08-04
1366:References
1158:stabilizer
907:Properties
559:Pictograms
461:Solubility
406:Molar mass
277:2URQ2N32W3
151:ChemSpider
107:3D model (
86:CAS Number
2826:Phase III
2814:Withdrawn
2768:carbonate
2763:aspartate
2671:gluconate
2568:gluconate
2486:-cysteine
2435:-cysteine
2349:gluconate
2334:carbonate
2324:ascorbate
2286:phosphate
2261:gluconate
2241:carbonate
2226:ascorbate
2218:Potassium
2135:glycinate
2130:gluconate
2115:carbonate
2110:aspartate
2105:ascorbate
2097:Magnesium
2077:phosphate
2072:pangamate
2047:gluconate
2012:carbonate
2007:ascorbate
1834:: 16–72.
1278:coagulant
1251:Chemistry
1162:thickener
1007:anhydrous
939:gluconate
816:for each
621:P337+P313
550:labelling
219:212-406-7
211:EC Number
2858:Lactates
2783:Vanadium
2740:fluoride
2732:Fluorine
2709:Chromium
2632:selenite
2627:selenate
2619:Selenium
2482:-acetyl-
2443:-cystine
2339:chloride
2246:chloride
2165:pidolate
2120:chloride
2032:folinate
2017:chloride
1926:21 March
1920:Archived
1813:45316316
1805:16352880
1758:Archived
1681:17507729
1639:Archived
1573:Archived
1570:Abstract
1465:Archived
1339:See also
1156:, and a
1114:fluoride
1061:Medicine
899:. Some
893:E number
835:hydrates
700:No data
629:NFPA 704
541:Hazards
536:)
522:ATC code
490:6.0-8.5
467:methanol
229:E number
171:DrugBank
96:814-80-2
33:-lactate
29:Calcium
2773:orotate
2755:Lithium
2650:acetate
2527:taurine
2461:sulfate
2389:sulfate
2369:nitrite
2359:lactate
2344:citrate
2291:sulfate
2271:lactate
2251:citrate
2175:taurate
2170:sulfate
2155:orotate
2140:lactate
2125:citrate
2082:sulfate
2062:lactate
2027:citrate
2002:acetate
1989:Calcium
1333:calcite
1199:xylitol
1074:antacid
932:racemic
919:, D (−,
818:calcium
787:lactate
730:what is
728: (
581:Warning
530: (
528:A12AA05
478:Acidity
471:ethanol
427:Density
400:
244:PubChem
180:DB13231
2809:WHO-EM
2578:Iodine
2560:Copper
2414:Sulfur
2364:malate
2301:Sodium
2276:malate
2266:iodide
2150:malate
2067:malate
1856:fry".
1811:
1803:
1737:
1679:
1552:
1440:
1173:paneer
1169:chhena
1096:tetany
913:chiral
821:cation
804:(CHOH)
790:anions
725:verify
722:
510:1.470
360:SMILES
131:ChEMBL
39:Names
2676:oxide
2551:Trace
2160:oxide
1981:Major
1809:S2CID
1025:with
891:with
325:InChI
257:13144
234:E327
160:12592
109:JSmol
2642:Zinc
2596:Iron
1928:2018
1801:PMID
1735:ISBN
1677:PMID
1550:ISBN
1473:2013
1438:ISBN
1325:and
1285:AlCl
1160:and
1152:, a
1148:, a
1140:, a
1056:Uses
897:E327
753:salt
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