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1289:) are networked together to effectively act as a giant computer, resulting in a computer-animated movie that can be completed in about one to five years (however, this process is not composed solely of rendering). A workstation typically costs $ 2,000 to $ 16,000 with the more expensive stations being able to render much faster due to the more technologically advanced hardware that they contain. Professionals also use digital
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1119:, for example, uses 712 Avars (212 in the face alone). The computer does not usually render the skeletal model directly (it is invisible), but it does use the skeletal model to compute the exact position and orientation of that certain character, which is eventually rendered into an image. Thus by changing the values of Avars over time, the animator creates motion by making the character move from frame to frame.
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1172:. Even though Nighy does not appear in the movie himself, the movie benefited from his performance by recording the nuances of his body language, posture, facial expressions, etc. Thus motion capture is appropriate in situations where believable, realistic behavior and action is required, but the types of characters required exceed what can be done throughout the conventional costuming.
909:, an annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques that is attended by thousands of computer professionals each year. Developers of computer games and 3D video cards strive to achieve the same visual quality on personal computers in real-time as is possible for CGI films and animation. With the rapid advancement of real-time rendering quality, artists began to use
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Node based animation is useful for animating organic and chaotic shapes. By using nodes, an animator can build up a complex set of animation rules that can be applied either to many objects at once, or one very complex object. A good example of this would be setting the movement of particles to match
1362:. In this approach, the PAD model is used as a high level emotional space and the lower level space is the MPEG-4 Facial Animation Parameters (FAP). A mid-level Partial Expression Parameters (PEP) space is then used to in a two-level structure – the PAD-PEP mapping and the PEP-FAP translation model.
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The realistic modeling of human facial features is both one of the most challenging and sought after elements in computer-generated imagery. Computer facial animation is a highly complex field where models typically include a very large number of animation variables. Historically speaking, the first
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can be set. These keyframes can be used in more complex ways such as animating in layers (combining multiple sets of key frame data), or keying control objects to deform or control other objects. For instance, a character's arms can have a skeleton applied, and the joints can have transformation and
461:
There are many different disciplines of 3D animation, some of which include entirely separate artforms. For example, hair simulation for computer animated characters in and of itself is a career path which involves separate workflows, and different software and tools. The combination of all or some
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Each method has its advantages and as of 2007, games and films are using either or both of these methods in productions. Keyframe animation can produce motions that would be difficult or impossible to act out, while motion capture can reproduce the subtleties of a particular actor. For example, in
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associated with the drawing of new images that detracts from the illusion of realistic movement. Conventional hand-drawn cartoon animation often uses 15 frames per second in order to save on the number of drawings needed, but this is usually accepted because of the stylized nature of cartoons. To
401:
For 3D models, attributes can describe any characteristic of the object that can be animated. This includes transformation (movement from one point to another), scaling, rotation, and more complex attributes like blend shape progression (morphing from one shape to another). Each attribute gets a
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A stylish woman walks down a Tokyo street filled with warm glowing neon and animated city signage. She wears a black leather jacket, a long red dress, and black boots, and carries a black purse. She wears sunglasses and red lipstick. She walks confidently and casually. The street is damp and
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Computer animation can be created with a computer and an animation software. Some impressive animation can be achieved even with basic programs; however, the rendering can require much time on an ordinary home computer. Professional animators of movies, television and video games could make
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within a dimensional space. 4D noise can be used to do things like move a swarm of bees around; the first three dimensions correspond to the position of the bees in space, and the fourth is used to change the bee's position over time. Noise can also be used as a cheap replacement for
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There are several methods for generating the Avar values to obtain realistic motion. Traditionally, animators manipulate the Avars directly. Rather than set Avars for every frame, they usually set Avars at strategic points (frames) in time and let the computer interpolate or
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232:, and more. Fundamentally, computer-generated animation is a powerful tool which can improve the quality of animation by using the power of computing to unleash the animator's imagination. This is because Computer Generated Animation allows for things like
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Bertails, Florence & Hadap, Sunil & Cani, Marie-Paule & Lin, Ming & Marschner, Stephen & Kim, Tae & Kacic-Alesic, Zoran & Ward, Kelly. (2008). Realistic Hair
Simulation - Animation and Rendering. ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 Class Notes.
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animation. This also allows the creation of complex movements such as ellipses with only a few keyframes. Lastly, interpolation allows the animator to change the framerate, timing, and even scale of the movements at any point in the animation process.
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is one complete image). With rates above 75 to 120 frames per second, no improvement in realism or smoothness is perceivable due to the way the eye and the brain both process images. At rates below 12 frames per second, most people can detect
1305:, props, and other tools used for movie animation. Programs like Blender allow for people who can not afford expensive animation and rendering software to be able to work in a similar manner to those who use the commercial grade equipment.
1408:, the concept where the human audience (up to a point) tends to have an increasingly negative, emotional response as a human replica looks and acts more and more human. Films that have attempted photorealistic human characters, such as
197:, hybrid, and digital drawn animation. Creators animate using code or software instead of pencil-to-paper drawings. There are many techniques and disciplines in computer generated animation, some of which are digital representations of
135:. Instead of a physical model or illustration, a digital equivalent is manipulated frame-by-frame. Also, computer-generated animations allow a single graphic artist to produce such content without using actors, expensive set pieces, or
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and characters, superheroes, or otherwise have non-realistic, cartoon-like proportions. Computer animation can also be tailored to mimic or substitute for other kinds of animation, like traditional stop-motion animation (as shown in
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One trend in computer animation has been the effort to create human characters that look and move with the highest degree of realism. A possible outcome when attempting to make pleasing, realistic human characters is the
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was used to help designers pinpoint the gorilla's prime location in the shots and used his expressions to model "human" characteristics onto the creature. Serkis had earlier provided the voice and performance for
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3D computer animation combines 3D models of objects and programmed or hand "keyframed" movement. These models are constructed out of geometrical vertices, faces, and edges in a 3D coordinate system. Objects are
1040:(2016) use CGI for the majority of the movie runtime, but still incorporate human actors into the mix. Computer animation in this era has achieved photorealism, to the point that computer-animated films such as
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Specifically the animation of characters. 3D character animation is its own specialty do to the complexity required to animated dancing, running, fighting, or high fidelity motion such as playing basketball.
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computers are used. Graphics workstation computers use two to four processors, and they are a lot more powerful than an actual home computer and are specialized for rendering. Many workstations (known as a
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and repeatedly replaced by a new similar image but advanced slightly in time (usually at a rate of 24, 25, or 30 frames/second). This technique is identical to how the illusion of movement is achieved with
632:) animation. Drawings are either hand drawn (pencil to paper) or interactively drawn (on the computer) using different assisting appliances and are positioned into specific software packages. Within the
389:. This can happen as a separate process for animations developed for movies and short films, or it can be done in real-time when animated for videogames. After an animation is rendered, it can be
779:
596:." A sprite is an image that has a location associated with it. The location of the sprite is changed slightly, between each displayed frame, to make the sprite appear to move. The following
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footage. When computer animation is driven by motion capture, a real performer acts out the scene as if they were the character to be animated. Their motion is recorded to a computer using
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1396:, in the sense that the scene is rendered to resemble a photograph or make the characters' animation believable and lifelike. Computer animation can also be realistic with or without the
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Cloth simulation is a subset of simulation but specifically for things like clothes. In modern 3D computer animation, cloth simulation is becoming more and more advanced and widely used.
494:
In 'Avatar, Way of Water', WETA workshops meticulously designed the digital muscles in the faces of their characters so that their emotional range could be comparable to that of a human.
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much like real clay or plaster, working from general forms to specific details with various sculpting tools. Unless a 3D model is intended to be a solid color, it must be painted with "
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SIGGRAPH ’18 Talks, August 12–16, 2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada © 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). ACM ISBN 978-1-4503-5820-0/18/08. https://doi.org/10.1145/3214745.3214801
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James, Oliver; von
Tunzelmann, Eugenie; Franklin, Paul; Thorne, Kip S. (2015-03-19). "Gravitational Lensing by Spinning Black Holes in Astrophysics, and in the Movie Interstellar".
181:
Films seen in theaters in the United States run at 24 frames per second, which is sufficient to create the illusion of continuous movement. For high resolution, adapters are used.
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in 1989 and 1990 proved to be a turning point in the field by bringing together and consolidating multiple research elements and sparked interest among a number of researchers.
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A facial rig is a rig that includes muscles, deformation, mesh displacement, and other techniques to enable the animation of facial expressions, and phonemes for lip syncing.
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and download speeds increased, making raster graphic animations more convenient. Some of the more complex vector graphic animations had a slower frame rate due to complex
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relevant to the input text. Advancements during the 2020s in the generation of high-quality, text-conditioned videos have largely been driven by the development of video
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animation software applications exist as well. The ease at which these animations can be distributed has attracted professional animation talent also. Companies such as
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photorealistic animation with high detail. This level of quality for movie animation would take hundreds of years to create on a home computer. Instead, many powerful
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999:, which debuted in September 1994; the series followed the adventures of characters who lived inside a computer. The first feature-length computer-animated film is
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to control how the spline curves relative to the keyframes. Using interpolation allows 3D animators to dynamically change animations without having to redo all the
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The VFX artists working on
Interstellar published a paper about the science and mathematics that were used to create the famous 'Gargantua' black hole.
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which fundamentally create an outline of the most important movements. The computer then fills in the "in-between frames", a process commonly known as
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The goal of computer animation is not always to emulate live action as closely as possible, so many animated films instead feature characters who are
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1725:
4304:
Paiva, Ana; Prada, Rui; Picard, Rosalind W. (2007). "Facial
Expression Synthesis using PAD Emotional Parameters for a Chinese Expressive Avatar".
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864:-4 by Nikolai Konstantinov, depicting a cat moving around. In 1971, a computer animation called "Metadata" was created, showing various shapes.
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1335:(with 46 "action units", "lip bite" or "squint"), which had been developed in 1976, became a popular basis for many systems. As early as 2001,
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in the 1960s by Edward E. Zajac, Frank W. Sinden, Kenneth C. Knowlton, and A. Michael Noll. Other digital animation was also practiced at the
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1189:" for realism. A bone/joint animation system is set up to deform the CGI model (e.g., to make a humanoid model walk). In a process known as
385:
Before becoming a final product, 3D computer animations only exist as a series of moving shapes and systems within 3d software, and must be
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is the first
American fully 3D computer-animated series sold directly (made in 1993); its success inspired other animation series, such as
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For 2D figure animations, separate objects (illustrations) and separate transparent layers are used with or without that virtual skeleton.
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In most 3D computer animation systems, an animator creates a simplified representation of a character's anatomy, which is analogous to a
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In 1967, a computer animation named "Hummingbird" was created by
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer. In 1968, a computer animation called "
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1595:(Animated PNG) offered a raster graphic alternative to animated GIF files that enables multi-level transparency not available in GIFs.
274:
Pixar developed cutting-edge technology for fully 3D animation. 'Toy Story' is considered a turning point for 3D animation in general.
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Pixar's 'Coco' advanced the use of high fidelity clothes by designing new tools to combine cloth simulation with character animation.
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3248:
Melnik, Andrew; Ljubljanac, Michal; Lu, Cong; Yan, Qi; Ren, Weiming; Ritter, Helge (2024-05-06). "Video
Diffusion Models: A Survey".
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1230:, designers had to design forces of extreme weather with the help of video references and accurate meteorological facts. For the
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1458:, call for movement that is not strictly realistic, and such principles still see widespread application in computer animation.
1193:, the virtual marionette is given various controllers and handles for controlling movement. Animation data can be created using
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Multiple high quality text-to-video models, AI systems that can generate video clips from prompted text, were released in 2022.
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and frame rate, especially with larger screen sizes. The growing demand for higher quality web-based animations was met by a
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For 3D computer animations, objects (models) are built on the computer monitor (modeled) and 3D figures are rigged with a
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3D computer animation disciplines is commonly referred to within the animation industry as the 3D animation pipeline.
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The use of 3D lighting for 2D animation in this movie opened up a door to many new animation styles for 2D animators.
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compared to some of the raster graphic alternatives. Many of the GIF and Flash animations were already converted to
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that allow members to upload their own movies for others to view has created a growing community of independent and
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for short. In human and animal characters, many parts of the skeletal model correspond to the actual bones, but
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Toho studios won an Oscar for its ground breaking VFX on a small budget relative to most box-office movies.
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toys and their owners, this groundbreaking film was also the first of many fully computer-animated movies.
1343:(FAPs) for lips, jaws, etc., and the field has made significant progress since then and the use of facial
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on regular shapes, and has the advantage that animations may be accurately produced at any resolution.
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644:. Computer-assisted animation employs new technologies to produce content faster than is possible with
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between keys plotted on a graph which represents the animation. Additionally, these splines can follow
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technology. However, compatibility was still problematic as some of the video formats such as Apple's
1101:, or T-Pose. The position of each segment of the skeletal model is defined by animation variables, or
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since 1976. Early examples of feature films incorporating CGI animation include the live-action films
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Computer animation uses different techniques to produce animations. Most frequently, sophisticated
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3D models rigged for animation may contain thousands of control points — for example, "Woody" from
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Was praised for its 2D animated style, showing the possibilities of what the format could portray.
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rotation keyframes set. The movement of the arm joints will then cause the arm shape to deform.
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a science-fiction film about a society in which robots live and work among humans. The sequel,
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4048:"Blah, humbug! 'A Christmas Carol's 3-D spin on Dickens well done in parts but lacks spirit"
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may be used to create the animation and arrange its choreography. Another technique called
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reflective, creating a mirror effect of the colorful lights. Many pedestrians walk about.
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362:. Then the limbs, eyes, mouth, clothes, etc. of the figure are moved by the animator on
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4308:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 4738. Springer Science+Business Media.
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animationmentor.com Why a Great Rigger is an
Animator's Best Friend, By: Ozgur Aydogdu
3112:"Exclusive: Joe Letteri Discusses Wētā FX's new Facial Pipeline on Avatar 2 - fxguide"
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Visual
Effects Society Award for Outstanding Animated Character in an Animated Feature
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3234:(Report). Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. p. 98.
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is also used to animate other things, with facial features (though other methods for
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were a common format, until the web development community abandoned support for the
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1133:. Keyframing puts control in the hands of the animator and has roots in hand-drawn
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An early step in the history of computer animation was the sequel to the 1973 film
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attempt to bridge the gap by giving amateurs access to professional animations as
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3826:"blender.org – Home of the Blender project – Free and Open 3D Creation Software"
3444:. Vol. 1, no. 1. Carnegie Publications. September 1982. pp. 50–5.
1474:
computer animators. With utilities and programs often included free with modern
420:
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into seeing a smoothly moving object, the pictures should be drawn at around 12
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The oldest (most backward compatible) web-based animations are in the animated
1405:
1194:
1142:
1021:
370:. However, in 3D computer animation, this is done automatically, and is called
366:. Normally, the differences between key frames are drawn in a process known as
233:
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produce more realistic imagery, computer animation demands higher frame rates.
86:
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8834:
8126:
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formats, which were compatible with mobile devices and reduced file sizes via
1224:, which had about 1,851 controllers (742 in the face alone). In the 2004 film
193:) animation, and 2D computer animation. These also include subcategories like
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and markers and that performance is then applied to the animated character.
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offered a vector graphic alternative to the original Flash graphic format,
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made sequencing the movement of images in HTML5 web pages more convenient.
1522:
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Another way to automate 3D animation is to use procedural tools such as 4D
424:
367:
325:
241:
109:
3294:"Charles Csuri, Fragmentation Animations, 1967 – 1970: Hummingbird (1967)"
2849:
884:
imagery, which featured a computer-animated hand and face both created by
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6801:
6752:
6615:
6241:
6153:
5557:
5337:
5115:
4957:
4942:
2842:
CHI '00 extended abstracts on Human factors in computer systems - CHI '00
2761:
2509:
2257:
2209:
2055:
2025:
1984:
1610:
1588:
1565:
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1241:
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which allows 2D animators to see the flow of their work all at once, and
229:
128:
105:
3860:
3138:""Turning Red" Animators on Anime Influences and Working with Domee Shi"
1271:
A ray-traced 3-D model of a jack inside a cube, and the jack alone below
189:
Computer-generated animation is an umbrella term for three-dimensional (
9230:
9210:
9160:
9140:
9125:
9115:
9031:
8982:
8792:
8599:
8539:
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5891:
5747:
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5342:
5025:
5020:
4965:
3548:
3086:
Naghdi, Arash; Adib, Payam; Adib, Arash Naghdi and Payam (2021-05-10).
2329:
1972:
1935:
1887:
1719:
1576:
1501:
format, which can be uploaded and seen on the web easily. However, the
1298:
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1165:
893:
731:
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446:
169:
165:
145:
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6140:
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5572:
5542:
5352:
5296:
5246:
5214:
5013:
5001:
4927:
4461:
4393:
2948:"The Breadwinner Shows the Powerful Storytelling Impact of Animation"
2730:
2695:
2654:
2360:
2233:
2043:
1905:
1564:
was also relying on the Flash plugin to deliver digital video in the
1553:
1206:
1115:
1098:
1001:
914:
846:
637:
415:
3D animation software interpolates between keyframes by generating a
403:
363:
217:
202:
174:
7703:
1478:, many users can make their own animated movies and shorts. Several
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1710:
Some notable producers of computer-animated feature films include:
1506:
1491:
1321:
1124:
1090:
906:
633:
628:
Computer-assisted animation is usually classed as two-dimensional (
592:
In 2D computer animation, moving objects are often referred to as "
503:
213:
139:. To create the illusion of movement, an image is displayed on the
3634:"'The Lion King': Is it animated or live-action? It's complicated"
9250:
8932:
8875:
7893:
3899:
3338:
3318:
3298:
2973:
2639:
2575:
2161:
1614:
1561:
1483:
1471:
1467:
1020:
The popularity of computer animation (especially in the field of
651:
Examples of films produced using computer-assisted animation are
507:
4216:
A Guide to
Computer Animation: For TV, Games, Multimedia and Web
3887:
3601:"Disney's Live-Action 'Lion King' Taps Jeff Nathanson As Writer"
2924:"'Godzilla Minus One' fought the odds and won big at the Oscars"
81:
9205:
8402:
8327:
7979:
7915:
7888:
7551:
7364:
7218:
5229:
5204:
5110:
4419:
2611:
2485:
2269:
1336:
1246:
1006:
995:
980:
581:
techniques using frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations.
6704:
3875:
3088:"3D Animation Pipeline: A Start-to-Finish Guide (2023 update)"
2899:"'Godzilla Minus One' Breathes New Life into the Iconic Kaiju"
1392:
Realism in computer animation can mean making each frame look
1221:
The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
1065:
993:
The first full-length computer-animated television series was
8890:
8023:
8001:
7994:
7794:
5484:
4510:
2817:
2228:
2155:
1881:
1666:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1572:
1487:
1215:
1010:
963:
813:
517:
449:. For example, smoke and clouds can be animated using noise.
225:
205:- and some of which are only possible with a computer - such
85:
An example of computer animation which is produced from the "
4142:
1046:(2019) are able to be marketed as if they were live-action.
913:
to render non-interactive movies, which led to the art form
7942:
6735:
5062:
3825:
3576:"How James Cameron's Innovative New 3D Tech Created Avatar"
2149:
1864:
1592:
958:
905:
Developments in CGI technologies are reported each year at
861:
221:
149:
97:
1621:", lighting and other effects to the polygons and finally
1388:
Joy & Heron – a typical example of realistic animation
1358:, can be used to assign specific emotions to the faces of
613:
x < screenWidth drawBackground() drawSpriteAtXY (x, y)
5547:
4232:
4002:
3911:
3869:
3848:
3836:
3675:
3663:
3651:
3358:
3262:
1591:. YouTube offers an HTML5 alternative for digital video.
1498:
896:. This imagery originally appeared in their student film
789:
A video generated using OpenAI's unreleased, open source
573:
Computer animation is essentially a digital successor to
466:
Examples of disciplines within the 3D animation pipeline
316:
Hyper photorealistic CGI following scientific principles
3542:"Our Story", Pixar, 1986–2013. Retrieved on 2013-02-15.
3526:
3524:
3221:
3028:"Here's what made the 2D animation in 'Klaus' look '3D'"
566:
are still used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster
516:
In Pixar's 'Turning Red', animators took influence from
3923:
3711:
1097:. They are arranged into a default position known as a
4130:
2686:
New York Institute of Technology Computer Graphics Lab
1774:
The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything: A VeggieTales Movie
1426:
have been criticized as "disconcerting" and "creepy".
431:
3782:
3770:
3747:
3735:
3723:
3699:
3521:
3509:
3497:
3406:
3394:
3346:
3274:
3247:
3187:
3175:
3163:
2772:
Timeline of computer animation in film and television
837:
Timeline of computer animation in film and television
240:
which allows 3D animators to automate the process of
3555:
3418:
2805:
2635:
636:
package, the creator places drawings into different
520:
style facial expressions to inform their animation.
502:
This is the process of animating facial animations,
5627:
List of animated television series by episode count
4350:Pereira, Fernando C. N.; Ebrahimi, Touradj (2002).
3806:
3794:
3687:
3485:
2844:. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press. p. 211.
248:Examples of computer-generated animation in movies
43:It has been suggested that this article should be
4390:Moving Innovation: A History of Computer Animation
4118:
4016:
3971:"The 10 Scariest Movies and Why They Creep Us Out"
3456:
3370:
1201:by a human animator, or a combination of the two.
990:(1996) to adopt a fully computer-generated style.
845:Early digital computer animation was developed at
4373:(2nd ed.). Massachusetts: A.K. Peters, Ltd.
4106:
3382:
9291:
4303:
4199:. Indianapolis, Indiana: John Wiley & Sons.
3905:
1613:is used to manipulate complex three-dimensional
510:blend-shapes (shapes that the face morphs into)
5622:List of animated films by box office admissions
4349:
4306:Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
3893:
3881:
2838:"Interaction design at Pixar Animation Studios"
2733:(recording video from games and virtual worlds)
349:A frame of animation before and after rendering
184:
4261:CG 101: A Computer Graphics Industry Reference
3085:
939:"Spring", a 3D animated short film made using
623:
456:
216:can break physical laws by using mathematical
6720:
5724:Note: This template roughly follows the 2012
5700:
4446:
4333:Computer Animation: Algorithms and Techniques
2835:
1726:Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole
1664:The examples and perspective in this section
127:Computer animation is a digital successor to
96:is the process used for digitally generating
27:Art of creating moving images using computers
4084:"Disney's 'A Christmas Carol': Bah, humbug!"
4023:Digital Actors in 'Beowulf' Are Just Uncanny
1575:compatible animations. Technologies such as
1210:uses 700 specialized animation controllers.
587:
4368:
3854:
2716:List of computer-animated television series
1168:provided the performance for the character
6727:
6713:
5707:
5693:
4453:
4439:
4369:Parke, Frederic I.; Waters, Keith (2008).
3631:
3135:
2050:Mortadelo and Filemon: Mission Implausible
1682:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
1161:Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest
4213:
4148:
3253:
3229:Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2023
2987:
2921:
1698:Learn how and when to remove this message
1013:: following an adventure centered around
609:x := 0, y := screenHeight / 2;
513:Autodesk Maya, Blender, Autodesk 3DS Max
4078:
4045:
3941:
3573:
2872:
2192:The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water
1954:Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie
1533:never fully supported the Flash plugin.
1513:alternative that relied on the use of a
1369:
1266:
1064:
1053:
924:
775:
600:makes a sprite move from left to right:
558:
344:
340:
80:
3998:"Review: 'Polar Express' a creepy ride"
3995:
3598:
2875:"How 'Toy Story' Changed Movie History"
793:text-to-video model, using the prompt:
396:
14:
9292:
6424:Knowledge representation and reasoning
4330:
4258:
3968:
3929:
3917:
3842:
3788:
3753:
3741:
3729:
3717:
3705:
3681:
3669:
3657:
3599:Fleming, Mike Jr. (October 13, 2016).
3561:
3530:
3515:
3503:
3424:
3364:
3352:
3268:
3193:
3181:
3169:
2823:
2811:
2216:The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge on the Run
946:CGI short films have been produced as
920:
851:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
6708:
6449:Philosophy of artificial intelligence
5688:
4434:
4277:
4194:
3870:Magnenat Thalmann & Thalmann 2004
3776:
3613:from the original on October 15, 2016
3545:"The Pixar Timeline, 1979 to Present"
3388:
2836:Weber, Karon; Hirasaki, Kitt (2000).
577:techniques, but using 3D models, and
256:Type of Computer Generated Animation
5768:Energy consumption (Green computing)
5714:
5595:Films with live action and animation
4460:
4387:
4278:Means, Sean P. (December 28, 2011).
4136:
4124:
4112:
3812:
3800:
3693:
3491:
3454:
3430:
3412:
3400:
3376:
3280:
3205:
3199:
2969:
2967:
2787:Twelve basic principles of animation
1650:
1640:
1625:the complete image. A sophisticated
1326:State of the art in Facial Animation
1049:
440:. Noise is any algorithm that plots
331:Hybrid 3D and 3D computer animation
155:
29:
6454:Distributed artificial intelligence
5726:ACM Computing Classification System
2691:Computer representation of surfaces
1604:
1505:format of GIF animations slows the
1308:
1140:In contrast, a newer method called
535:Pixar's 'Incredibles' won the 2004
432:Procedural and Node Based Animation
24:
9067:List of American independent films
5959:Integrated development environment
4046:Neumaier, Joe (November 5, 2009).
3942:Zacharek, Stephanie (2004-11-10).
3632:Rottenberg, Josh (July 19, 2019).
3314:""Kitten" 1968 computer animation"
812:description as input to produce a
25:
9321:
6434:Automated planning and scheduling
5964:Software configuration management
4687:Modern TV cable and streaming era
4412:
2964:
2444:Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse
2432:Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs
2408:Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within
1461:
1127:between them in a process called
1113:exist). The character "Woody" in
1058:3D game character animated using
9273:
9264:
9263:
6688:
6678:
6669:
6668:
5663:
5654:
5653:
4418:
4284:added to National Film Registry"
2638:
1655:
1214:labored for two years to create
902:, which they completed in 1972.
768:This section is an excerpt from
762:
756:Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas
750:Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron
615:// draw on top of the background
410:
34:
6734:
6679:
6082:Computational complexity theory
4072:
4039:
3989:
3962:
3935:
3818:
3759:
3625:
3592:
3567:
3536:
3448:
3326:
3306:
3286:
3241:
3154:
3129:
3104:
3079:
3069:
3045:
2711:List of computer-animated films
2583:Warner Bros. Pictures Animation
2366:Friends: Mononoke Shima no Naki
953:Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan
271:Stylized 3D computer animation
5866:Network performance evaluation
4158:
3969:Herman, Barbara (2013-10-30).
3906:Paiva, Prada & Picard 2007
3208:"How Computer Animation Works"
3020:
2940:
2922:Schilling, Mark (2024-03-14).
2915:
2891:
2873:Zorthian, Julia (2015-11-19).
2866:
2829:
2450:The Mitchells vs. the Machines
1633:defines objects by conducting
962:(both 1982), and the Japanese
714:We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story
13:
1:
6237:Multimedia information system
6222:Geographic information system
6212:Enterprise information system
5801:Computer systems organization
5617:Most expensive animated films
5272:Direct manipulation animation
4923:Barrier-grid and stereography
3574:Thompson, Anne (2010-01-01).
3006:10.1088/0264-9381/32/6/065001
2976:Classical and Quantum Gravity
2793:
2517:Walt Disney Animation Studios
2475:Triggerfish Animation Studios
1600:Comparison of HTML5 and Flash
1452:basic principles of animation
1450:). Some of the long-standing
831:History of computer animation
6596:Computational social science
6184:Theoretical computer science
5997:Software development process
5773:Electronic design automation
5758:Very Large Scale Integration
5163:Non-photorealistic rendering
4263:. Digital Fauxtography Inc.
4184:Resources in other libraries
3996:Clinton, Paul (2004-11-10).
2798:
2752:Rich Representation Language
2115:Industrial Light & Magic
1966:Ruby Gillman, Teenage Kraken
1571:The latest alternatives are
1262:
1026:modern era of U.S. animation
374:. Finally, the animation is
286:Digital VFX, photorealistic
185:Computer Generated Animation
7:
6419:Natural language processing
6207:Information storage systems
4795:International Animation Day
4280:"Pixar founder's Utah-made
3894:Pereira & Ebrahimi 2002
3882:Pereira & Ebrahimi 2002
2631:
2108:The Super Mario Bros. Movie
1678:, discuss the issue on the
1631:constructive solid geometry
1333:Facial Action Coding System
1175:
1085:over time to create motion.
847:Bell Telephone Laboratories
690:The Hunchback of Notre Dame
624:Computer-assisted animation
457:Disciplines of 3D animation
353:
112:, while computer animation
10:
9326:
8958:Classical Hollywood cinema
8147:Commedia sexy all'italiana
7055:Exploitation film template
6999:Commedia sexy all'italiana
6335:Human–computer interaction
6305:Intrusion detection system
6217:Social information systems
6202:Database management system
5265:Linear Animation Generator
5168:Physically based animation
4354:. New Jersey: IMSC Press.
4242:Handbook of Virtual Humans
4214:Kuperberg, Marcia (2002).
2680:Computer-generated imagery
1768:Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie
1644:
1597:
1365:
1312:
1005:(1995), which was made by
969:Golgo 13: The Professional
834:
828:
824:
767:
102:computer-generated imagery
9259:
8862:
8780:
8525:German underground horror
8480:Documentary Film Movement
8388:American eccentric cinema
8373:
7619:
6745:
6664:
6601:Computational engineering
6576:Computational mathematics
6553:
6500:
6462:
6409:
6371:
6333:
6275:
6192:
6138:
6100:
6045:
5982:
5915:
5879:
5836:
5800:
5733:
5722:
5649:
5518:
5447:
5320:
5245:
5195:
5101:
5053:
5034:
4956:
4913:
4906:
4854:Children's animated films
4803:
4701:
4584:
4476:
4469:
4371:Computer Facial Animation
4314:10.1007/978-3-540-74889-2
4259:Masson, Terrence (1999).
4179:Resources in your library
3136:laurenlola (2022-03-09).
2706:List of animation studios
2675:Computer facial animation
2670:Avar (animation variable)
2325:Reel FX Animation Studios
2133:Omation Animation Studios
2102:The Secret Life of Pets 2
1846:Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
1647:List of animation studios
1356:PAD emotional state model
1341:Face Animation Parameters
1315:Computer facial animation
1024:) skyrocketed during the
588:2D sprites and pseudocode
118:Modern computer animation
116:refers to moving images.
6611:Computational healthcare
6606:Differentiable computing
6525:Graphics processing unit
5944:Domain-specific language
5813:Computational complexity
4763:Animation film festivals
4234:Magnenat Thalmann, Nadia
4080:Williams, Mary Elizabeth
3459:The Animated Movie Guide
3076:10.1145/1401132.1401247.
2826:, pp. 100–101, 255.
2624:The Adventures of Tintin
2457:Sony Pictures Imageworks
2378:Dragon Quest: Your Story
2312:Escape from Planet Earth
1924:How to Train Your Dragon
1852:Santa vs. the Snowman 3D
1627:graphical user interface
1531:mobile operating systems
1525:plugin. Web browsers on
1398:photorealistic rendering
987:Transformers: Beast Wars
899:A Computer Animated Hand
8460:Cinema of Transgression
7594:Cinema of Transgression
6586:Computational chemistry
6520:Photograph manipulation
6411:Artificial intelligence
6227:Decision support system
5585:Twelve basic principles
5505:Instructional animation
4197:3D Animation Essentials
3855:Parke & Waters 2008
3547:. Pixar. Archived from
2903:Animation World Network
2415:Sony Pictures Animation
2387: – Films include
2229:Pixar Animation Studios
2180:Mr. Peabody and Sherman
2084:The Secret Life of Pets
2039:Ilion Animation Studios
2021:Imagi Animation Studios
1212:Rhythm and Hues Studios
660:The Rescuers Down Under
532:Autodesk Maya, Blender
491:Autodesk Maya, Blender
199:traditional animation -
104:(CGI) encompasses both
8545:Hollywood on the Tiber
6651:Educational technology
6482:Reinforcement learning
6232:Process control system
6130:Computational geometry
6120:Algorithmic efficiency
6115:Analysis of algorithms
5763:Systems on Chip (SoCs)
5183:Virtual cinematography
4780:Highest-grossing films
4682:Early TV broadcast era
2726:Morph target animation
2621: – Films include
2585: – Films include
2519: – Films include
2495: - Films include
2477: – Films include
2405: - Films include
2363: – Films include
2345: – Films include
2327: – Films include
2309: – Films include
2231: – Films include
2147: – Films include
2135: – Films include
2117: – Films include
2023: – Films include
1987: – Films include
1978:The Tale of Despereaux
1879: – Films include
1867: - Films include
1843: – Films include
1801: – Films include
1783: – Films include
1763:Big Idea Entertainment
1747: – Films include
1732:Walking with Dinosaurs
1717: – Films include
1389:
1272:
1227:The Day After Tomorrow
1086:
1077:, each 'stick' of the
1062:
943:
806:machine learning model
798:
393:into a final product.
350:
301:2D computer animation
100:The more general term
90:
8535:Grupo Cine Liberación
8475:Czechoslovak New Wave
8470:Commedia all'italiana
6817:Commedia all'italiana
6621:Electronic publishing
6591:Computational biology
6581:Computational physics
6477:Unsupervised learning
6391:Distributed computing
6267:Information retrieval
6174:Mathematical analysis
6164:Mathematical software
6047:Theory of computation
6012:Software construction
6002:Requirements analysis
5880:Software organization
5808:Computer architecture
5778:Hardware acceleration
5743:Printed circuit board
5500:Independent animation
5490:Educational animation
4331:Parent, Rick (2012).
4289:The Salt Lake Tribune
3053:"The Book of Shaders"
2850:10.1145/633410.633413
2767:Traditional animation
2600:The Lego Batman Movie
2462:The Angry Birds Movie
1930:Rise of the Guardians
1558:Microsoft Silverlight
1387:
1303:film editing software
1270:
1256:The Lord of the Rings
1135:traditional animation
1068:
1057:
948:independent animation
938:
788:
744:The Road to El Dorado
646:traditional animation
579:traditional animation
559:2D computer animation
348:
341:3D computer animation
133:traditional animation
84:
58:2D computer animation
52:3D computer animation
49:into articles titled
9310:Animation techniques
9062:Guerrilla filmmaking
8725:Kitchen sink realism
8680:Praška filmska škola
8610:New French Extremity
8520:German Expressionist
8428:Kitchen sink realism
8293:Contemporary Western
8073:Environmental issues
7604:New French Extremity
7562:New French Extremity
7387:Softcore pornography
7382:Hardcore pornography
7249:New French Extremity
6381:Concurrent computing
6353:Ubiquitous computing
6325:Application security
6320:Information security
6149:Discrete mathematics
6125:Randomized algorithm
6077:Computability theory
6055:Model of computation
6027:Software maintenance
6022:Software engineering
5984:Software development
5934:Programming language
5929:Programming paradigm
5846:Network architecture
5480:Animated documentary
5312:Whiteboard animation
5205:Traditional puppetry
4849:Adult animated films
4758:Biologist simulators
4721:Animation department
4427:at Wikimedia Commons
4244:. Wiley Publishing.
4195:Beane, Andy (2012).
4082:(November 5, 2009).
3465:Chicago Review Press
3455:Beck, Jerry (2005).
3438:"The Making of Tron"
3032:befores & afters
2742:Procedural animation
2372:Stand by Me Doraemon
1877:DreamWorks Animation
1676:improve this section
1480:free and open-source
880:(1976), used the 3D
666:Beauty and the Beast
619:// move to the right
568:real-time renderings
564:2D computer graphics
525:Character Animation
453:the beat of a song.
442:pseudo-random values
397:Animation Attributes
122:3D computer graphics
8798:Children and family
8772:Yugoslav Black Wave
8645:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
8530:Nigerian Golden Age
8495:European art cinema
8398:Australian New Wave
6656:Document management
6646:Operations research
6571:Enterprise software
6487:Multi-task learning
6472:Supervised learning
6194:Information systems
6017:Software deployment
5974:Software repository
5828:Real-time computing
5553:Character animation
5333:Character animation
4871:Children's animated
4425:Computer animations
4151:, pp. 112–113.
4094:on January 11, 2010
4053:New York Daily News
4036:, November 14, 2007
3944:"The Polar Express"
3920:, pp. 160–161.
3845:, pp. 110–116.
3684:, pp. 111–118.
3672:, pp. 324–326.
3660:, pp. 193–196.
3367:, pp. 282–288.
3342:. 23 November 2010.
3271:, pp. 390–394.
3206:Roos, Dave (2013).
3057:The Book of Shaders
2998:2015CQGra..32f5001J
2952:www.technicolor.com
2318:Ratchet & Clank
2222:Under the Boardwalk
2187:Paramount Animation
2145:Pacific Data Images
1918:Monsters vs. Aliens
1816:Horton Hears a Who!
1435:legendary creatures
1295:performance capture
921:Film and television
860:" was created with
841:Video game graphics
802:text-to-video model
770:Text-to-video model
738:The Prince of Egypt
467:
249:
203:key frame animation
9300:Computer animation
9096:Major film studios
8690:Pure Film Movement
8670:Polish Film School
8570:Italian neorealist
8550:Hong Kong New Wave
8152:Mexican sex comedy
7209:German underground
6439:Search methodology
6386:Parallel computing
6343:Interaction design
6252:Computing platform
6179:Numerical analysis
6169:Information theory
5954:Software framework
5917:Software notations
5856:Network components
5753:Integrated circuit
5580:Creature animation
5510:Virtual newscaster
5455:Abstract animation
5287:Ink-wash animation
5277:Humanoid animation
5260:Audio-Animatronics
4824:Lost or unfinished
4748:Animation database
4726:Animation director
4388:Sito, Tom (2013).
4335:. Ohio: Elsevier.
4170:Computer animation
4139:, pp. 82, 89.
4028:2011-08-27 at the
3606:Deadline Hollywood
3442:Video Games Player
3092:Dream Farm Studios
2757:Skeletal animation
2701:Humanoid animation
2660:Animation database
2528:Meet the Robinsons
2493:Vanguard Animation
2438:Hotel Transylvania
2385:Skydance Animation
1745:Aardman Animations
1635:Boolean operations
1560:required plugins.
1538:internet bandwidth
1466:The popularity of
1456:squash and stretch
1390:
1350:In some cases, an
1273:
1107:skeletal animation
1087:
1063:
1060:skeletal animation
944:
886:University of Utah
799:
654:The Little Mermaid
465:
351:
281:Godzilla Minus One
247:
94:Computer animation
91:
9305:Computer graphics
9287:
9286:
9226:Socialist realist
8938:Behind-the-scenes
8715:Socialist realist
8710:Spaghetti Western
8700:Romanian New Wave
8575:Japanese New Wave
8241:Sword and sorcery
8157:Nazi exploitation
7739:Mumbai underworld
7495:Planetary romance
6702:
6701:
6631:Electronic voting
6561:Quantum Computing
6554:Applied computing
6540:Image compression
6310:Hardware security
6300:Security services
6257:Digital marketing
6037:Open-source model
5949:Modeling language
5861:Network scheduler
5682:
5681:
5443:
5442:
5370:Erasure animation
5191:
5190:
4933:Limited animation
4876:Computer-animated
4814:Computer-animated
4736:Animation studios
4697:
4696:
4423:Media related to
4403:978-0-262-01909-5
4392:. Massachusetts:
4380:978-1-56881-448-3
4342:978-0-12-415842-9
4323:978-3-540-74888-5
4206:978-1-118-14748-1
4165:Library resources
3932:, pp. 14–17.
3908:, pp. 24–33.
3896:, pp. 60–61.
3720:, pp. 94–98.
3638:Los Angeles Times
3580:Popular Mechanics
3415:, pp. 95–97.
3403:, pp. 97–98.
3302:. 31 August 2009.
3283:, pp. 69–75.
2721:Medical animation
2307:Rainmaker Studios
2008:A Christmas Carol
1990:The Polar Express
1834:The Peanuts Movie
1786:The Addams Family
1708:
1707:
1700:
1641:Animation studios
1550:video compression
1476:operating systems
1447:The Peanuts Movie
1423:A Christmas Carol
1411:The Polar Express
1385:
1050:Animation methods
936:
786:
556:
555:
549:Houdini, Blender
543:Cloth Simulation
499:Facial Animation
402:channel on which
338:
337:
166:frames per second
156:Frames per second
79:
78:
16:(Redirected from
9317:
9277:
9267:
9266:
9246:Vulgar auteurism
9074:Interstitial art
9052:Hyperlink cinema
8767:Vulgar auteurism
8762:Toronto New Wave
8752:Telefoni Bianchi
8747:Sword-and-sandal
8565:Italian futurist
8560:Iranian New Wave
8423:British New Wave
8236:Sword-and-sandal
8117:Rape and revenge
8058:Mouth of Garbage
7904:Tentacle erotica
7852:Goona-goona epic
7832:Extraterrestrial
7719:Heroic bloodshed
7353:Occult detective
7184:Christmas horror
7036:Sword-and-sandal
6768:Hong Kong action
6763:Heroic bloodshed
6729:
6722:
6715:
6706:
6705:
6692:
6691:
6682:
6681:
6672:
6671:
6492:Cross-validation
6464:Machine learning
6348:Social computing
6315:Network security
6110:Algorithm design
6032:Programming team
5992:Control variable
5969:Software library
5907:Software quality
5902:Operating system
5851:Network protocol
5716:Computer science
5709:
5702:
5695:
5686:
5685:
5667:
5657:
5656:
5637:anime franchises
5612:Cartoon violence
5600:highest grossing
5495:Erotic animation
5470:Animated cartoon
5237:Supermarionation
5210:Digital puppetry
5131:Facial animation
5051:
5050:
4911:
4910:
4784:Opening weekends
4474:
4473:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4432:
4431:
4422:
4407:
4384:
4365:
4346:
4327:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4274:
4255:
4238:Thalmann, Daniel
4229:
4210:
4152:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4090:. Archived from
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4060:on July 10, 2018
4056:. Archived from
4043:
4037:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3804:
3798:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3540:
3534:
3528:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3462:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3290:
3284:
3278:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3116:www.fxguide.com/
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3083:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3024:
3018:
3017:
2991:
2971:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2782:Wire-frame model
2777:Virtual artifact
2648:
2646:Animation portal
2643:
2642:
2459:– Films include
2417:– Films include
2354:Sheep and Wolves
2343:Wizart Animation
2336:The Book of Life
2189:– Films include
2065:— Films include
2041:— Films include
1975:- Films include
1870:Ron's Gone Wrong
1799:Blue Sky Studios
1756:Arthur Christmas
1703:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1605:Detailed example
1519:Flash animations
1386:
1309:Facial animation
1251:J. R. R. Tolkien
1111:facial animation
937:
818:diffusion models
810:natural language
797:
787:
617:x := x + 5
506:, and animating
468:
464:
360:virtual skeleton
250:
246:
207:fluid simulation
141:computer monitor
74:
71:
38:
37:
30:
21:
9325:
9324:
9320:
9319:
9318:
9316:
9315:
9314:
9290:
9289:
9288:
9283:
9255:
9196:Semidocumentary
9121:Minimalist film
9111:Message picture
9106:Maximalist film
9000:Database cinema
8983:Computer screen
8943:Black-and-white
8868:
8866:
8864:
8858:
8776:
8732:Soviet parallel
8655:Parallel cinema
8650:Pan-Indian film
8580:Kammerspielfilm
8515:French New Wave
8435:Budapest school
8418:Brighton School
8393:New Objectivity
8375:
8369:
8338:Science fiction
7970:Bruceploitation
7879:Girls with guns
7825:Turksploitation
7699:Gentleman thief
7615:
7450:Science fiction
7296:Minimalist film
7291:Maximalist film
7269:Science fiction
7229:Japanese horror
7026:Social guidance
6741:
6733:
6703:
6698:
6689:
6660:
6641:Word processing
6549:
6535:Virtual reality
6496:
6458:
6429:Computer vision
6405:
6401:Multiprocessing
6367:
6329:
6295:Security hacker
6271:
6247:Digital library
6188:
6139:Mathematics of
6134:
6096:
6072:Automata theory
6067:Formal language
6041:
6007:Software design
5978:
5911:
5897:Virtual machine
5875:
5871:Network service
5832:
5823:Embedded system
5796:
5729:
5718:
5713:
5683:
5678:
5645:
5607:Cartoon physics
5526:Animation music
5514:
5475:Animated sitcom
5465:Adult animation
5439:
5420:Special effects
5316:
5241:
5187:
5097:
5038:
5030:
4952:
4902:
4881:Direct-to-video
4799:
4693:
4580:
4465:
4459:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4381:
4362:
4352:The MPEG-4 Book
4343:
4324:
4294:
4292:
4271:
4252:
4226:
4218:. Focal Press.
4207:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4161:
4156:
4155:
4147:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4123:
4119:
4111:
4107:
4097:
4095:
4077:
4073:
4063:
4061:
4044:
4040:
4030:Wayback Machine
4021:
4017:
4008:
4006:
3994:
3990:
3981:
3979:
3967:
3963:
3954:
3952:
3940:
3936:
3928:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3880:
3876:
3868:
3861:
3853:
3849:
3841:
3837:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3811:
3807:
3799:
3795:
3787:
3783:
3779:, p. 2-15.
3775:
3771:
3764:
3760:
3752:
3748:
3740:
3736:
3728:
3724:
3716:
3712:
3704:
3700:
3692:
3688:
3680:
3676:
3668:
3664:
3656:
3652:
3642:
3640:
3630:
3626:
3616:
3614:
3597:
3593:
3584:
3582:
3572:
3568:
3560:
3556:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3529:
3522:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3486:
3479:
3453:
3449:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3423:
3419:
3411:
3407:
3399:
3395:
3387:
3383:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3359:
3351:
3347:
3334:"Metadata 1971"
3332:
3331:
3327:
3322:. 9 March 2006.
3312:
3311:
3307:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3275:
3267:
3263:
3246:
3242:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3213:
3211:
3210:. HowStuffWorks
3204:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3176:
3168:
3164:
3159:
3155:
3146:
3144:
3134:
3130:
3121:
3119:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3094:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3059:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3021:
2972:
2965:
2956:
2954:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2932:
2930:
2928:The Japan Times
2920:
2916:
2907:
2905:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2883:
2881:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2834:
2830:
2822:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2644:
2637:
2634:
2403:Square Pictures
2252:The Incredibles
2204:Sherlock Gnomes
2014:Mars Needs Moms
1841:DNA Productions
1792:The Willoughbys
1704:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1673:
1660:
1656:
1649:
1643:
1607:
1602:
1517:. For decades,
1511:vector graphics
1503:raster graphics
1464:
1431:anthropomorphic
1370:
1368:
1352:affective space
1347:has increased.
1345:microexpression
1317:
1311:
1265:
1178:
1075:Flash animation
1052:
1037:The Jungle Book
1022:special effects
1015:anthropomorphic
925:
923:
843:
833:
827:
822:
821:
794:
776:
773:
765:
626:
621:
590:
561:
459:
434:
413:
399:
356:
343:
296:The Breadwinner
187:
158:
150:motion pictures
75:
69:
66:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9323:
9313:
9312:
9307:
9302:
9285:
9284:
9282:
9281:
9271:
9260:
9257:
9256:
9254:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9181:Reverse motion
9178:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9131:Modernist film
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9087:
9086:
9076:
9071:
9070:
9069:
9064:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9023:
9022:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8996:
8995:
8993:midnight movie
8985:
8980:
8975:
8970:
8965:
8960:
8955:
8950:
8945:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8919:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8883:
8878:
8872:
8870:
8860:
8859:
8857:
8856:
8855:
8854:
8849:
8839:
8838:
8837:
8832:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8815:
8807:
8806:
8805:
8795:
8790:
8784:
8782:
8781:By demographic
8778:
8777:
8775:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8728:
8727:
8720:Social realist
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8675:Poliziotteschi
8672:
8667:
8665:Poetic realist
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8632:
8627:
8622:
8620:New generation
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8595:Modernist film
8592:
8587:
8585:L.A. Rebellion
8582:
8577:
8572:
8567:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8457:
8452:
8450:Cinéma du look
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8431:
8430:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8379:
8377:
8371:
8370:
8368:
8367:
8366:
8365:
8363:Zapata Western
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8343:Singing cowboy
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8298:Dacoit Western
8295:
8290:
8280:
8279:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8179:Shoshimin-eiga
8176:
8175:
8174:
8169:
8167:Nunsploitation
8164:
8162:Pornochanchada
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8108:
8107:
8097:
8092:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8076:
8075:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8049:
8048:
8047:
8046:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8011:
8010:
8009:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7951:
7950:
7945:
7935:
7930:
7929:
7928:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7907:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7875:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7837:Food and drink
7834:
7829:
7828:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7815:Blaxploitation
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7780:
7770:
7769:
7768:
7758:
7753:
7752:
7751:
7746:
7744:Poliziotteschi
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7655:
7654:
7649:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7623:
7621:
7617:
7616:
7614:
7613:
7608:
7607:
7606:
7601:
7599:Extreme cinema
7596:
7586:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7518:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7447:
7446:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7424:
7423:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7397:
7396:
7389:
7384:
7374:
7369:
7368:
7367:
7362:
7361:
7360:
7355:
7340:
7339:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7179:Chinese horror
7176:
7171:
7166:
7156:
7155:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7124:
7123:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7102:
7101:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7060:
7059:
7058:
7045:
7040:
7039:
7038:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6988:
6987:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6952:
6951:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6900:
6899:
6898:
6888:
6887:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6814:
6809:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
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6765:
6760:
6749:
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6709:
6700:
6699:
6697:
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6662:
6661:
6659:
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6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6557:
6555:
6551:
6550:
6548:
6547:
6545:Solid modeling
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6506:
6504:
6498:
6497:
6495:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6468:
6466:
6460:
6459:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6444:Control method
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6415:
6413:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6398:
6396:Multithreading
6393:
6388:
6383:
6377:
6375:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6339:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6290:Formal methods
6287:
6281:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6262:World Wide Web
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6198:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6145:
6143:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6106:
6104:
6098:
6097:
6095:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6051:
6049:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5988:
5986:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5925:
5923:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5883:
5881:
5877:
5876:
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5873:
5868:
5863:
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5848:
5842:
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5825:
5820:
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5810:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5794:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5739:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5712:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5689:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5676:
5671:
5661:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5539:
5538:
5536:Mickey Mousing
5533:
5522:
5520:
5519:Related topics
5516:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5451:
5449:
5445:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5410:Straight ahead
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5390:Paint-on-glass
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5356:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5307:Squigglevision
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5282:Idle animation
5279:
5274:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5251:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5207:
5201:
5199:
5193:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5141:Motion capture
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5107:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5093:Onion skinning
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5057:
5048:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5017:
5016:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4994:
4989:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4962:
4960:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4948:Exposure sheet
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4919:
4917:
4908:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4866:Adult animated
4858:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4819:Feature-length
4816:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4672:The Golden Age
4669:
4663:United States
4661:
4659:United Kingdom
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4590:
4588:
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4581:
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4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
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4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4414:
4413:External links
4411:
4409:
4408:
4402:
4385:
4379:
4366:
4360:
4347:
4341:
4328:
4322:
4301:
4275:
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4250:
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4211:
4205:
4191:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4149:Kuperberg 2002
4141:
4129:
4117:
4105:
4071:
4038:
4034:New York Times
4015:
3988:
3961:
3934:
3922:
3910:
3898:
3886:
3884:, p. 404.
3874:
3872:, p. 122.
3859:
3847:
3835:
3817:
3815:, p. 195.
3805:
3803:, p. 144.
3793:
3791:, p. 158.
3781:
3769:
3758:
3756:, p. 289.
3746:
3744:, p. 204.
3734:
3732:, p. 226.
3722:
3710:
3708:, p. 118.
3698:
3696:, p. 132.
3686:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3624:
3591:
3566:
3554:
3551:on 2015-09-05.
3535:
3533:, p. 302.
3520:
3518:, p. 432.
3508:
3506:, p. 430.
3496:
3494:, p. 188.
3484:
3477:
3447:
3429:
3417:
3405:
3393:
3381:
3369:
3357:
3355:, p. 404.
3345:
3325:
3305:
3285:
3273:
3261:
3240:
3220:
3198:
3196:, p. 284.
3186:
3184:, p. 115.
3174:
3172:, p. 123.
3162:
3153:
3128:
3103:
3078:
3068:
3044:
3019:
2963:
2939:
2914:
2890:
2865:
2858:
2828:
2816:
2814:, p. 148.
2803:
2802:
2800:
2797:
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2790:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
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2744:
2739:
2737:Motion capture
2734:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2616:
2588:The Lego Movie
2580:
2546:Wreck-It Ralph
2522:Chicken Little
2514:
2490:
2472:
2454:
2412:
2400:
2382:
2358:
2348:The Snow Queen
2340:
2322:
2304:
2240:Monsters, Inc.
2226:
2198:Monster Trucks
2184:
2142:
2130:
2112:
2060:
2036:
2018:
1982:
1970:
1900:Over the Hedge
1874:
1862:
1838:
1796:
1781:Bron Animation
1778:
1760:
1742:
1738:The Lego Movie
1706:
1705:
1670:of the subject
1668:worldwide view
1663:
1661:
1654:
1645:Main article:
1642:
1639:
1606:
1603:
1585:SVG animations
1581:CSS animations
1536:By this time,
1527:mobile devices
1463:
1462:Web animations
1460:
1406:uncanny valley
1394:photorealistic
1367:
1364:
1313:Main article:
1310:
1307:
1264:
1261:
1195:motion capture
1177:
1174:
1158:the 2006 film
1143:motion capture
1051:
1048:
922:
919:
829:Main article:
826:
823:
774:
766:
764:
761:
625:
622:
602:
589:
586:
560:
557:
554:
553:
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269:
261:
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257:
254:
234:onion skinning
186:
183:
157:
154:
115:
98:moving images.
87:motion capture
77:
76:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9322:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9297:
9295:
9280:
9276:
9272:
9270:
9262:
9261:
9258:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
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9232:
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9212:
9209:
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9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9176:Postmodernist
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9166:Participatory
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9136:Musical short
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9085:
9082:
9081:
9080:
9077:
9075:
9072:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9059:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9047:Found footage
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9021:
9018:
9017:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8994:
8991:
8990:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8971:
8969:
8966:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8953:Cinéma vérité
8951:
8949:
8946:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8888:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8873:
8871:
8869:or production
8861:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8845:
8844:
8843:
8840:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8827:
8826:
8823:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8810:
8808:
8804:
8801:
8800:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8779:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8726:
8723:
8722:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8685:Prussian film
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8630:New Nollywood
8628:
8626:
8625:New Hollywood
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8445:Cannibal boom
8443:
8441:
8440:Calligrafismo
8438:
8436:
8433:
8429:
8426:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8408:Berlin School
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8380:
8378:
8372:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8358:Weird Western
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8285:
8284:
8281:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8263:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8215:
8212:
8211:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8189:Slice of life
8187:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8142:Bavarian porn
8140:
8139:
8138:
8137:Sexploitation
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8106:
8103:
8102:
8101:
8098:
8096:
8095:Partisan film
8093:
8091:
8088:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8074:
8071:
8070:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8063:Muslim social
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8045:
8044:Zombie comedy
8042:
8041:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8019:Giant monster
8017:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8008:
8005:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7967:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7940:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7927:
7924:
7923:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7891:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7820:Mexploitation
7818:
7816:
7813:
7812:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7775:
7774:
7771:
7767:
7764:
7763:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7674:Coming-of-age
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7644:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7622:
7618:
7612:
7609:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7591:
7590:
7589:Transgressive
7587:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7572:Psychological
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7522:Slice of life
7520:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7451:
7448:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7422:
7419:
7418:
7417:
7414:
7413:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7394:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7366:
7363:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7341:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7308:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7259:Psychological
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7234:Korean horror
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7204:Found footage
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7161:
7160:
7157:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7107:
7106:
7103:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7093:Magic realism
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7065:
7064:
7061:
7057:
7056:
7051:
7050:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7037:
7034:
7033:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7009:Sexploitation
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6996:
6995:
6992:
6986:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6960:Calligrafismo
6958:
6957:
6956:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6913:City symphony
6911:
6909:
6906:
6905:
6904:
6901:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6892:
6889:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6781:
6778:
6777:
6776:
6773:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6755:
6754:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6730:
6725:
6723:
6718:
6716:
6711:
6710:
6707:
6695:
6687:
6685:
6677:
6675:
6667:
6666:
6663:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6556:
6552:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6530:Mixed reality
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6499:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6465:
6461:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6378:
6376:
6374:
6370:
6364:
6363:Accessibility
6361:
6359:
6358:Visualization
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6195:
6191:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6142:
6137:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6105:
6103:
6099:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6044:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5839:
5835:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5818:Dependability
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5799:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5732:
5727:
5721:
5717:
5710:
5705:
5703:
5698:
5696:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5652:
5651:
5648:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5555:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5531:Bouncing ball
5529:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5517:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5446:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5375:Hydrotechnics
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:Drawn-on-film
5363:
5361:
5358:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:Other methods
5319:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5292:Magic Lantern
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Virtual human
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5151:hand tracking
5149:
5147:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
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4987:
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4971:clay painting
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4571:United States
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4417:
4416:
4405:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4376:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4361:0-13-061621-4
4357:
4353:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4334:
4329:
4325:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4302:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4283:
4276:
4272:
4270:0-7357-0046-X
4266:
4262:
4257:
4253:
4251:0-470-02316-3
4247:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4225:0-240-51671-0
4221:
4217:
4212:
4208:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4192:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4150:
4145:
4138:
4133:
4127:, p. 59.
4126:
4121:
4114:
4109:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4075:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4019:
4005:
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3999:
3992:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3965:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3902:
3895:
3890:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3866:
3864:
3857:, p. xi.
3856:
3851:
3844:
3839:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3814:
3809:
3802:
3797:
3790:
3785:
3778:
3773:
3767:
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3755:
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3743:
3738:
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3726:
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3707:
3702:
3695:
3690:
3683:
3678:
3671:
3666:
3659:
3654:
3639:
3635:
3628:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3595:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3564:, p. 52.
3563:
3558:
3550:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3517:
3512:
3505:
3500:
3493:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3451:
3443:
3439:
3433:
3427:, p. 58.
3426:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3402:
3397:
3390:
3385:
3379:, p. 64.
3378:
3373:
3366:
3361:
3354:
3349:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3329:
3321:
3320:
3315:
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3300:
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3256:
3251:
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3209:
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3190:
3183:
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3107:
3093:
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3082:
3072:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2982:(6): 065001.
2981:
2977:
2970:
2968:
2953:
2949:
2943:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2861:
2859:1-58113-248-4
2855:
2851:
2847:
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2500:
2499:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2468:Over the Moon
2464:
2463:
2458:
2455:
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2451:
2446:
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2434:
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2218:
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2200:
2199:
2194:
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2188:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2126:Strange Magic
2122:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2105:(2019), and
2104:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2068:Despicable Me
2064:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1996:Monster House
1992:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1949:
1948:The Boss Baby
1944:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1912:Kung Fu Panda
1908:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:The Ant Bully
1854:
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1563:
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1555:
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1547:
1546:digital video
1543:
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1528:
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1399:
1395:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1324:tutorials on
1323:
1316:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:movie cameras
1288:
1286:
1279:
1269:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1218:in the movie
1217:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1152:video cameras
1149:
1146:makes use of
1145:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1061:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1043:The Lion King
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1028:. Films like
1027:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
997:
991:
989:
988:
983:
982:
977:
976:
971:
970:
965:
961:
960:
955:
954:
949:
942:
918:
916:
912:
908:
903:
901:
900:
895:
891:
890:Edwin Catmull
887:
883:
879:
878:
873:
871:
865:
863:
859:
854:
852:
848:
842:
838:
832:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
792:
771:
763:Text-to-video
760:
758:
757:
752:
751:
746:
745:
740:
739:
734:
733:
728:
727:
722:
721:
716:
715:
710:
709:
704:
703:
698:
697:
692:
691:
686:
685:
680:
679:
678:The Lion King
674:
673:
668:
667:
662:
661:
656:
655:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
601:
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595:
585:
582:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
551:
548:
545:
542:
541:
538:
534:
531:
527:
524:
523:
519:
515:
512:
509:
505:
501:
498:
497:
493:
490:
487:
485:Face Rigging
484:
483:
479:
476:
473:
470:
469:
463:
454:
450:
448:
443:
439:
429:
426:
422:
421:bezier curves
418:
411:Interpolation
408:
405:
394:
392:
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
372:interpolation
369:
365:
361:
347:
333:
330:
328:
327:
323:
322:
318:
315:
313:
312:
308:
307:
303:
300:
298:
297:
293:
292:
288:
285:
283:
282:
278:
277:
273:
270:
268:
267:
263:
262:
258:
255:
252:
251:
245:
243:
239:
238:interpolation
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
182:
179:
176:
171:
168:or faster (a
167:
163:
162:visual system
160:To trick the
153:
151:
147:
142:
138:
134:
130:
125:
123:
120:usually uses
119:
113:
111:
110:moving images
107:
103:
99:
95:
88:
83:
73:
64:
60:
59:
54:
53:
48:
47:
41:
32:
31:
19:
9015:Experimental
9010:Ethnofiction
8905:
8757:Third Cinema
8660:Persian Film
8403:Auteur films
8374:By movement
8231:Swashbuckler
8090:Ozploitation
8085:Outlaw biker
7965:Martial arts
7960:Magical girl
7810:Exploitation
7805:Ethnographic
7734:Mafia comedy
7377:Pornographic
7254:Psycho-biddy
7239:Lovecraftian
7073:Contemporary
7054:
7048:Exploitation
7043:Experimental
6923:Mockumentary
6792:Biographical
6626:Cyberwarfare
6509:
6285:Cryptography
5632:anime series
5590:Motion comic
5459:visual music
5405:Pose to pose
5380:Inbetweening
5360:Chuckimation
5302:Shadowmation
5255:Animatronics
5156:eye tracking
5136:Morph target
5088:Multi-sketch
5035:
4839:Short series
4753:Art pipeline
4731:Story artist
4677:World War II
4546:South Africa
4389:
4370:
4351:
4332:
4305:
4293:. Retrieved
4287:
4281:
4260:
4241:
4215:
4196:
4169:
4144:
4132:
4120:
4115:, p. 7.
4108:
4096:. Retrieved
4092:the original
4087:
4074:
4062:. Retrieved
4058:the original
4051:
4041:
4033:
4018:
4007:. Retrieved
4001:
3991:
3980:. Retrieved
3974:
3964:
3953:. Retrieved
3947:
3937:
3925:
3913:
3901:
3889:
3877:
3850:
3838:
3829:
3820:
3808:
3796:
3784:
3772:
3761:
3749:
3737:
3725:
3713:
3701:
3689:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3643:December 13,
3641:. Retrieved
3637:
3627:
3615:. Retrieved
3604:
3594:
3583:. Retrieved
3579:
3569:
3557:
3549:the original
3538:
3511:
3499:
3487:
3458:
3450:
3441:
3432:
3420:
3408:
3396:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3348:
3337:
3328:
3317:
3308:
3297:
3288:
3276:
3264:
3243:
3235:
3223:
3212:. Retrieved
3201:
3189:
3177:
3165:
3156:
3145:. Retrieved
3141:
3131:
3120:. Retrieved
3118:. 2022-12-21
3115:
3106:
3095:. Retrieved
3091:
3081:
3071:
3060:. Retrieved
3056:
3047:
3036:. Retrieved
3034:. 2019-11-14
3031:
3022:
2979:
2975:
2955:. Retrieved
2951:
2942:
2931:. Retrieved
2927:
2917:
2906:. Retrieved
2902:
2893:
2882:. Retrieved
2878:
2868:
2841:
2831:
2819:
2807:
2622:
2619:Weta Digital
2610:
2609:(2018), and
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2574:
2573:(2016), and
2568:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2508:
2507:(2008), and
2504:Space Chimps
2502:
2496:
2484:
2478:
2466:
2460:
2448:
2447:(2018), and
2442:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2406:
2394:
2388:
2376:
2375:(2014), and
2370:
2364:
2352:
2346:
2334:
2328:
2316:
2310:
2298:
2297:(2020), and
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2246:Finding Nemo
2244:
2238:
2232:
2220:
2219:(2020), and
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2178:
2177:(2010), and
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2136:
2124:
2118:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2066:
2063:Illumination
2054:
2053:(2014), and
2048:
2042:
2030:
2024:
2012:
2011:(2009), and
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1977:
1964:
1963:(2022), and
1960:The Bad Guys
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1868:
1856:
1855:(2002), and
1850:
1844:
1832:
1831:(2013), and
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1790:
1784:
1772:
1766:
1754:
1750:Flushed Away
1748:
1736:
1735:(2013), and
1730:
1724:
1718:
1715:Animal Logic
1709:
1694:
1685:
1665:
1608:
1570:
1535:
1523:Flash Player
1496:
1465:
1445:
1441:Flushed Away
1439:
1428:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1402:
1391:
1349:
1339:included 68
1330:
1325:
1318:
1282:
1274:
1254:
1235:
1225:
1219:
1205:
1203:
1190:
1179:
1159:
1156:
1141:
1139:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1095:stick figure
1088:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1019:
1000:
994:
992:
985:
979:
973:
967:
957:
951:
945:
911:game engines
904:
897:
875:
868:
866:
855:
844:
808:that uses a
754:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
718:
712:
706:
701:
694:
689:
683:
676:
670:
665:
658:
653:
650:
627:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:
591:
583:
572:
562:
474:Explanation
460:
451:
435:
414:
400:
384:
357:
324:
311:Interstellar
310:
295:
279:
264:
242:inbetweening
211:
195:asset driven
188:
180:
159:
126:
106:still images
93:
92:
67:
56:
50:
44:
9241:Video nasty
9236:Underground
9221:Slow cinema
9191:Sceneggiata
9079:Live action
9057:Independent
9037:Film à clef
9005:Docufiction
8973:Compilation
8948:Blockbuster
8916:Traditional
8911:Stop-motion
8847:Chick flick
8705:Slow cinema
8695:Remodernist
8510:Free Cinema
8490:Erra Cinema
8455:Cinema Novo
8333:Revisionist
7842:Gendai-geki
7778:Psychedelic
7766:Apocalyptic
7632:Beach party
7527:Slow cinema
7500:Space opera
7465:Fantastique
7336:Sceneggiata
7326:Musicarello
7199:Fantastique
7078:Fantastique
7021:Educational
6948:Video essay
6903:Documentary
6636:Video games
6616:Digital art
6373:Concurrency
6242:Data mining
6154:Probability
5887:Interpreter
5558:model sheet
5415:Rubber hose
5338:model sheet
5116:Cel shading
4958:Stop motion
4943:Rotoscoping
4915:Traditional
4844:Stop-motion
4790:Outsourcing
4551:South Korea
4531:Philippines
4526:North Korea
4159:Works cited
4098:October 10,
4064:October 10,
3930:Parent 2012
3918:Masson 1999
3843:Masson 1999
3830:blender.org
3789:Masson 1999
3754:Parent 2012
3742:Masson 1999
3730:Masson 1999
3718:Masson 1999
3706:Masson 1999
3682:Parent 2012
3670:Parent 2012
3658:Parent 2012
3562:Masson 1999
3531:Masson 1999
3516:Masson 1999
3504:Masson 1999
3425:Masson 1999
3365:Masson 1999
3353:Masson 1999
3269:Masson 1999
3194:Masson 1999
3182:Masson 1999
3170:Masson 1999
2824:Parent 2012
2812:Masson 1999
2762:Stop motion
2747:Ray tracing
2510:Gnome Alone
2483:(2013) and
2465:(2016) and
2420:Open Season
2393:(2022) and
2351:(2012) and
2333:(2013) and
2315:(2013) and
2264:Ratatouille
2210:Wonder Park
2123:(2011) and
2056:Wonder Park
2029:(2007) and
1985:ImageMovers
1789:(2019) and
1771:(2002) and
1753:(2006) and
1611:mathematics
1589:SmartSketch
1566:Flash Video
1299:bluescreens
1285:render farm
1278:workstation
1242:Andy Serkis
1232:2005 remake
1148:live action
1034:(2009) and
984:(1994) and
975:VeggieTales
877:Futureworld
575:stop motion
504:lip-syncing
471:Discipline
266:Toy Story 2
129:stop motion
89:" technique
18:CG-animated
9294:Categories
9161:Paracinema
9146:Neorealist
9141:Mythopoeia
9126:Mockbuster
9091:Low-budget
9032:Featurette
8865:technique,
8863:By format,
8742:Surrealist
8737:Structural
8615:New German
8605:Neorealist
8600:Mumblecore
8540:Heimatfilm
8500:Film d'art
8465:Cinéma pur
8199:South Seas
8172:Sex report
7438:Paranormal
7401:Propaganda
7301:Mumblecore
7088:Historical
6970:Historical
6859:Remarriage
6849:Mo lei tau
6694:Glossaries
6566:E-commerce
6159:Statistics
6102:Algorithms
6060:Stochastic
5892:Middleware
5748:Peripheral
5563:walk cycle
5430:Syncro-Vox
5343:walk cycle
5247:Mechanical
5173:Procedural
5073:PowerPoint
5026:Puppetoons
5021:Pixilation
4986:silhouette
4975:strata-cut
4966:Claymation
4907:Techniques
4896:Television
4667:Silent Era
4599:Bangladesh
4594:Azerbaijan
4481:Bangladesh
4470:By country
4295:January 8,
4009:2015-06-08
3982:2015-06-08
3955:2015-06-08
3777:Beane 2012
3585:2019-04-24
3478:1569762228
3467:. p.
3389:Means 2011
3255:2405.03150
3214:2013-02-15
3147:2024-05-22
3122:2024-05-21
3097:2024-05-21
3062:2024-05-22
3038:2024-05-22
2989:1502.03808
2957:2024-05-22
2933:2024-05-22
2908:2024-05-22
2884:2024-05-22
2794:References
2558:Big Hero 6
2396:Spellbound
2330:Free Birds
2282:Inside Out
2168:Madagascar
2096:The Grinch
1973:Framestore
1936:The Croods
1894:Madagascar
1888:Shark Tale
1720:Happy Feet
1598:See also:
1577:JavaScript
1199:keyframing
1170:Davy Jones
1166:Bill Nighy
1130:keyframing
894:Fred Parke
888:graduates
882:wire-frame
835:See also:
732:Titan A.E.
684:Pocahontas
638:key frames
598:pseudocode
447:simulation
425:in-between
391:composited
380:composited
364:key frames
218:algorithms
146:television
9151:No-budget
9116:Meta-film
9084:animation
9042:Film-poem
8978:Composite
8923:Anthology
8886:Animation
8881:Actuality
8867:approach,
8635:New Queer
8555:Indiewood
8505:Film gris
8376:or period
8353:Spaghetti
8276:Submarine
8256:Vigilante
8221:Superhero
7975:Chopsocky
7921:Jidaigeki
7790:Dystopian
7689:Detective
7647:Buddy cop
7637:Body swap
7567:Political
7547:Financial
7510:Tokusatsu
7505:Steampunk
7421:Bromantic
7393:Malayalam
7372:Crossover
7348:Detective
7316:Backstage
7264:Religious
7120:Tech noir
7115:Pulp noir
7105:Film noir
6980:Melodrama
6918:Docudrama
6891:Cyberpunk
6884:Slapstick
6874:Screwball
6834:Gross out
6797:Christian
6775:Adventure
6515:Rendering
6510:Animation
6141:computing
6092:Semantics
5783:Processor
5573:off-model
5543:Key frame
5400:Pixel art
5395:Pinscreen
5353:off-model
5297:Scanimate
5215:Machinima
5014:Brickfilm
5002:go motion
4928:Flip book
4462:Animation
4394:MIT Press
4137:Sito 2013
4125:Sito 2013
4113:Sito 2013
4088:Salon.com
3813:Sito 2013
3801:Sito 2013
3694:Sito 2013
3492:Sito 2013
3413:Sito 2013
3401:Sito 2013
3377:Sito 2013
3281:Sito 2013
3142:CAAM Home
3014:0264-9381
2799:Citations
2731:Machinima
2696:Hand-Over
2655:Animation
2606:Smallfoot
2426:Surf's Up
2361:Shirogumi
2279:(2009),
2234:Toy Story
2073:The Lorax
2044:Planet 51
2032:Astro Boy
1906:Bee Movie
1680:talk page
1623:rendering
1617:, apply "
1554:QuickTime
1542:rendering
1433:animals,
1293:, motion/
1263:Equipment
1259:trilogy.
1237:King Kong
1207:Toy Story
1116:Toy Story
1099:bind pose
1083:keyframed
1002:Toy Story
915:Machinima
870:Westworld
726:Anastasia
480:Examples
404:keyframes
220:to cheat
214:Animators
175:jerkiness
70:June 2019
9269:Category
9156:One-shot
9020:Abstract
8906:Computer
8590:Lettrist
8485:Dogme 95
8413:Bourekas
8383:Absolute
8323:Northern
8318:Meat pie
8271:Euro War
8266:Anti-war
8132:Rumberas
8053:Mountain
7955:Luchador
7911:Homeland
7899:Shotacon
7872:Suburban
7800:Economic
7761:Disaster
7694:Gangster
7669:Colonial
7659:Cannibal
7620:By theme
7577:Romantic
7532:Thriller
7490:New Wave
7485:Military
7443:Thriller
7411:Romantic
7358:Whodunit
7331:Operetta
7311:Arthouse
7279:Splatter
7174:Cannibal
7164:Arthouse
7147:Suburban
7137:Southern
7110:Neo-noir
7014:Thriller
6908:Animated
6896:Japanese
6864:Romantic
6854:Thriller
6780:Survival
6758:Arthouse
6746:By style
6674:Category
6502:Graphics
6277:Security
5939:Compiler
5838:Networks
5735:Hardware
5659:Category
5568:lip sync
5448:Variants
5435:Zoetrope
5385:Morphing
5348:lip sync
5328:Blocking
5220:Aniforms
5197:Puppetry
5178:Skeletal
5045:timeline
5036:Computer
4891:Internet
4773:regional
4709:Animator
4702:Industry
4566:Thailand
4536:Portugal
4516:Malaysia
4240:(2004).
4032: –
4026:Archived
3976:Newsweek
3611:Archived
2665:Autodesk
2632:See also
2603:(2017),
2597:(2016),
2591:(2014),
2567:(2016),
2564:Zootopia
2561:(2014),
2555:(2013),
2549:(2012),
2543:(2010),
2537:(2008),
2531:(2007),
2525:(2005),
2501:(2005),
2480:Zambezia
2441:(2012),
2435:(2009),
2429:(2007),
2423:(2006),
2369:(2011),
2291:(2017),
2285:(2015),
2273:(2008),
2267:(2007),
2261:(2006),
2255:(2004),
2249:(2003),
2243:(2001),
2237:(1995),
2213:(2019),
2207:(2018),
2201:(2017),
2195:(2015),
2174:Megamind
2171:(2005),
2165:(2004),
2159:(2001),
2153:(1998),
2138:Barnyard
2099:(2018),
2093:(2016),
2087:(2016),
2081:(2015),
2075:(2012),
2071:(2010),
2047:(2009),
2005:(2007),
1999:(2006),
1993:(2004),
1957:(2017),
1951:(2017),
1945:(2016),
1939:(2013),
1933:(2012),
1927:(2010),
1921:(2009),
1915:(2008),
1909:(2007),
1903:(2006),
1897:(2005),
1891:(2004),
1885:(2001),
1849:(2001),
1825:(2011),
1819:(2008),
1813:(2005),
1807:(2002),
1765: –
1729:(2010),
1723:(2006),
1688:May 2018
1674:You may
1619:textures
1615:polygons
1568:format.
1507:download
1492:clip art
1468:websites
1322:SIGGRAPH
1240:, actor
1187:textures
1183:sculpted
1176:Modeling
1091:skeleton
1073:of a 2D
1069:In this
972:(1983).
907:SIGGRAPH
696:Hercules
642:Tweening
634:software
387:rendered
376:rendered
368:tweening
354:Overview
201:such as
9251:Z movie
9027:Feature
8963:Collage
8933:B movie
8901:Cartoon
8640:No wave
8308:Florida
8303:Fantasy
8283:Western
8226:Surfing
8214:Eurospy
8184:Slavery
8034:Vampire
8014:Monster
7985:Kung fu
7926:Samurai
7894:Lolicon
7862:Romance
7709:Gong'an
7679:Concert
7664:Chicano
7627:Animals
7515:Western
7470:Fantasy
7428:Fantasy
7406:Reality
7343:Mystery
7321:Jukebox
7306:Musical
7284:Satanic
7274:Slasher
7244:Natural
7224:Holiday
7132:Romance
7098:Science
7063:Fantasy
6965:Dramedy
6829:Dramedy
6684:Outline
5674:Outline
5041:history
4992:Graphic
4938:Masking
4829:Package
4654:Ukraine
4624:Hungary
4586:History
4576:Vietnam
4541:Romania
4501:Estonia
4496:Czechia
3617:July 9,
3339:YouTube
3319:YouTube
3299:YouTube
2994:Bibcode
2576:Encanto
2540:Tangled
2498:Valiant
2162:Shrek 2
2078:Minions
2002:Beowulf
1804:Ice Age
1562:YouTube
1484:PowToon
1472:amateur
1454:, like
1417:Beowulf
1366:Realism
1360:avatars
1191:rigging
941:Blender
825:History
672:Aladdin
594:sprites
508:phoneme
259:Impact
230:gravity
63:discuss
9279:Portal
9216:Silent
9206:Shinpa
9201:Serial
9186:Satire
9171:Poetry
9101:Masala
8830:Shōnen
8813:Seinen
8328:Ostern
8313:Horror
8246:Travel
8204:Sports
8127:Rubble
8100:Prison
8068:Nature
8039:Zombie
7980:Gun fu
7916:Isekai
7889:Hentai
7857:Gothic
7783:Stoner
7749:Yakuza
7704:Gokudō
7652:Female
7582:Techno
7552:Giallo
7542:Erotic
7537:Comedy
7480:Horror
7475:Gothic
7460:Comedy
7433:Gothic
7416:Comedy
7365:Giallo
7219:Giallo
7189:Comedy
7159:Horror
7127:Gothic
7068:Comedy
6994:Erotic
6985:Korean
6943:Travel
6933:Pseudo
6879:Silent
6844:Parody
6839:Horror
6807:Action
6802:Comedy
6753:Action
6739:genres
5669:Portal
5230:Live2D
5146:facial
5111:T-pose
5009:Object
4982:Cutout
4861:Series
4810:Films
4649:Russia
4619:France
4609:Canada
4604:Brazil
4561:Taiwan
4521:Mexico
4486:Bhutan
4464:topics
4400:
4377:
4358:
4339:
4320:
4267:
4248:
4222:
4203:
4167:about
3475:
3012:
2856:
2627:(2011)
2615:(2020)
2612:Scoob!
2594:Storks
2579:(2021)
2552:Frozen
2513:(2017)
2489:(2014)
2486:Khumba
2471:(2020)
2453:(2021)
2411:(2001)
2399:(2024)
2381:(2019)
2357:(2016)
2339:(2014)
2321:(2016)
2303:(2021)
2270:WALL-E
2225:(2023)
2183:(2014)
2141:(2006)
2129:(2015)
2111:(2023)
2059:(2019)
2035:(2009)
2017:(2011)
1981:(2008)
1969:(2023)
1942:Trolls
1873:(2021)
1861:(2006)
1837:(2015)
1810:Robots
1795:(2020)
1777:(2008)
1759:(2011)
1741:(2014)
1515:plugin
1420:, and
1354:, the
1337:MPEG-4
1247:Gollum
1079:figure
1031:Avatar
1007:Disney
996:ReBoot
981:ReBoot
708:Tarzan
477:Tools
417:spline
253:Movie
9231:Sound
9211:Short
8968:Color
8891:Anime
8852:Josei
8842:Women
8835:Shōjo
8803:Anime
8793:Black
8788:Adult
8348:Space
8251:Trial
8194:Snuff
8105:Women
8080:Opera
8029:Mummy
8024:Kaiju
8007:Anime
8002:Mecha
7995:Wuxia
7990:Ninja
7938:LGBTQ
7933:Kaitō
7884:Harem
7867:Space
7847:Ghost
7795:Ecchi
7756:Dance
7729:Mafia
7714:Heist
7684:Crime
7642:Buddy
7611:Trick
7557:Legal
7214:Ghost
7152:Urban
7142:Space
6975:Legal
6955:Drama
6928:Mondo
6812:Black
6087:Logic
5921:tools
5485:Anime
5126:Crowd
5068:Flash
4997:Model
4886:Flash
4834:Short
4804:Works
4644:Korea
4639:Japan
4629:India
4614:China
4556:Spain
4511:Japan
4506:India
4491:China
3949:Salon
3250:arXiv
3232:(PDF)
2984:arXiv
2682:(CGI)
2570:Moana
2156:Shrek
2120:Rango
1882:Shrek
1573:HTML5
1488:Vyond
1216:Aslan
1197:, or
1125:tween
1103:Avars
1011:Pixar
966:film
964:anime
858:Kitty
814:video
804:is a
720:Balto
702:Mulan
611:while
518:anime
438:noise
326:Klaus
226:force
212:'CG'
170:frame
137:props
46:split
8988:Cult
8825:Teen
8818:Stag
8809:Men
8288:Acid
8122:Road
8112:Race
7948:Yuri
7943:Yaoi
7773:Drug
7724:Hood
7169:Body
7083:High
7053:see
7031:Epic
7004:Pink
6938:Semi
6822:Sexy
6736:Film
5919:and
5792:Form
5788:Size
5425:Sand
5063:2.5D
4741:List
4714:List
4634:Iran
4398:ISBN
4375:ISBN
4356:ISBN
4337:ISBN
4318:ISBN
4297:2012
4282:Hand
4265:ISBN
4246:ISBN
4220:ISBN
4201:ISBN
4100:2015
4066:2015
3645:2021
3619:2019
3473:ISBN
3010:ISSN
2879:TIME
2854:ISBN
2534:Bolt
2390:Luck
2300:Luca
2294:Soul
2288:Coco
2258:Cars
2150:Antz
2090:Sing
2026:TMNT
1865:DNEG
1828:Epic
1593:APNG
1579:and
1556:and
1529:and
1486:and
1331:The
1071:.gif
1009:and
959:Tron
956:and
892:and
862:BESM
839:and
791:Sora
753:and
378:and
228:and
222:mass
148:and
131:and
114:only
108:and
55:and
8928:Art
8896:Art
8261:War
8209:Spy
7455:Art
7194:Eco
6869:Sex
6787:Art
5548:Cel
5121:CGI
5083:CSS
5078:SVG
4310:doi
4003:CNN
3469:216
3002:doi
2846:doi
1822:Rio
1499:GIF
1444:or
1253:'s
1249:in
1234:of
1093:or
1081:is
607:int
604:var
65:)
61:. (
9296::
8876:3D
5790:/
5103:3D
5055:2D
5043:,
4973:,
4396:.
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4286:.
4236:;
4086:.
4050:.
4000:.
3973:.
3946:.
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3114:.
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3008:.
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2992:.
2980:32
2978:.
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2840:.
2276:Up
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1400:.
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1137:.
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735:,
729:,
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675:,
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663:,
657:,
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570:.
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191:3D
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68:(
20:)
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