801:
745:
827:
867:
879:
927:
773:
843:
701:
715:
147:
156:
687:
172:
855:
903:
891:
565:
180:
164:
915:
47:
196:
759:
731:
188:
213:
204:
787:
641:
The reasoning behind this is not clear. It is not known if this is deliberate or coincidence, as the tools used to make the stars were in short supply after the war, and using stamping dies that were readily available and could be reused or acquired from other manufacturers would have been a good way
339:
Desiring to visibly express recognition and gratitude to deserving men and women of the German people and of foreign countries, on the second anniversary of the
Federal Republic of Germany, I establish the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is awarded for achievements that served
272:
It has been awarded to over 260,000 individuals in total, both
Germans and foreigners. Since the 1990s, the number of annual awards has declined from over 4,000, first to around 2,500, then from 2015 to under 1,500, with a low of 918 awards in 2022. Since 2013, women have made up a steady 30–35% of
619:
is a golden star with straight rays, its size and points vary according to class, with the badge superimposed upon it. An interesting fact about the stars, of which no less than four grades use one, is that they all have the same basic shape as various other breast stars from German history.
800:
2665:
650:. It is of course possible that this could have been deliberate, and a way to celebrate German history in the design of the new honour for the Federal Republic. This is unlikely however as two stars represent decorations awarded during the
1754:
1641:
2884:
1964:
1280:
133:
2650:
2207:
2771:
2655:
340:
the rebuilding of the country in the fields of political, socio-economic, and intellectual activity, and is intended to be an award for all those whose work contributes to the peaceful rise of the
Federal Republic of Germany.
1739:
2485:
2615:
1724:
2095:
1683:
2693:
2088:
1673:
1596:
1646:
2233:
1872:
1830:
1845:
1840:
1621:
2336:
1729:
1703:
1616:
1556:
943:
1749:
2078:
2540:
1576:
255:
of
Germany. It is awarded for special achievements in political, economic, cultural, intellectual or honorary fields. It was created by the first President of the Federal Republic of Germany,
2698:
2610:
1519:
1331:
744:
302:, which reject any orders (by tradition their citizens, particularly former or present senators, will refuse any decoration in the form of an order, the most famous example being former
2645:
2036:
826:
2670:
593:
Except for the lowest class, the medal, the badge is the same for all classes, but with slightly different versions for men and women (slightly smaller badge and ribbon for women):
2680:
714:
2248:
1062:
2688:
1919:
2605:
1897:
2675:
2660:
2314:
2135:
1835:
1808:
2182:
1902:
1512:
1324:
2710:
675:
of the Order is made up of the colours of the German flag. The pattern is a large central band of red, edged on both sides in a smaller band of gold-black-gold.
1887:
758:
2582:
2577:
2349:
866:
2628:
2623:
2570:
2391:
1892:
1340:
772:
2879:
2705:
2128:
1505:
1317:
1179:
511:
303:
2600:
2480:
2475:
2319:
2140:
1778:
1058:
2386:
2024:
975:
878:
2874:
2535:
2440:
2279:
2243:
2238:
2818:
2638:
2633:
2555:
2403:
2202:
2160:
2145:
1678:
1663:
995:
2550:
2175:
2155:
2110:
700:
2470:
2450:
2212:
2187:
2068:
2058:
2011:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1626:
1481:
1465:
842:
2864:
2445:
2170:
2165:
2150:
2031:
1783:
634:
4-pointed golden Star: Grand Cross (Grand Cross of Merit with Star and Sash) - the same shape as the Third Reich Social
Welfare Decoration
2741:
2525:
2520:
2500:
2326:
2192:
2100:
2083:
1989:
1788:
1744:
1734:
1708:
1693:
1586:
1581:
1571:
1561:
686:
631:
design if golden oak crown between the cross branches around the medallion) - the same shape as the Third Reich Order of the German Eagle
2830:
2813:
2565:
2505:
2460:
2418:
2408:
2381:
2376:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2331:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2284:
2105:
2073:
1959:
1914:
1855:
1668:
1658:
1636:
1631:
1611:
1566:
1551:
1447:
926:
329:
1288:
Classes of the Order of Merit of the
Federal Republic of Germany with their official French, English, Spanish and Russian translations
2797:
2781:
2560:
2545:
2515:
2510:
2495:
2490:
2465:
2435:
2430:
2398:
2371:
2289:
2197:
2063:
2041:
1984:
1907:
1860:
1850:
1803:
1798:
1698:
1653:
1287:
1133:
2776:
2766:
2530:
2455:
2425:
2051:
2046:
2019:
1994:
1815:
1688:
1606:
1601:
1591:
1429:
1418:
1293:
2845:
2344:
2115:
1825:
1301:
1435:
730:
1388:
1076:
1031:
356:
The Order comprises four groups with eight regular classes and one special (medal) class (hereafter enumerated in
English):
2823:
2736:
1459:
17:
2869:
1999:
970:
902:
854:
1877:
914:
515:
637:
silver Square-upon-point: Knight
Commander (Grand Officer) - the same shape as the Grand Cross of the Pour le Mérite
2751:
1793:
568:
Comparison showing the similarities and same basic design of the various stars of the
Bundesverdienstkreuz and the
596:
The badge for the Member and
Officer classes however are only enamelled on one side, and flat on the reverse. The
2761:
2004:
1453:
890:
259:, on 7 September 1951. Colloquially, the decorations of the different classes of the Order are also known as the
2217:
1865:
1820:
2123:
1406:
1309:
624:
8-pointed golden Star: Grand Cross special class - the same shape as the Prussian Order of the Black Eagle
1423:
77:
786:
507:
583:
579:
526:
and their spouse can be awarded with this highest class. There is also the provision of awarding the
2889:
1882:
1400:
1144:
572:
519:
146:
1935:
1441:
1394:
833:
607:
345:
155:
1412:
348:
introduced a gender quota which demands a minimum of 40% of nominees to the order to be women.
1207:
1184:
642:
of cutting costs and simplifying production in a Germany only just starting to experience the
2746:
1497:
277:
171:
2756:
2413:
1262:
655:
604:
enamelled in red, with a central gold disc bearing a black enamelled German federal eagle (
564:
377:
376:); the highest class of the Order reserved for heads of state and official insignia of the
88:
816:
8:
2253:
1528:
1165:
179:
163:
960:
287:
46:
1380:
1344:
1027:
645:
195:
1486:
1233:
965:
587:
2885:
Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members
1081:
536:), in which the central medallion with the black eagle is surrounded by a stylized
291:
252:
654:, and the other two are of Prussian origin. Prussia itself had only been recently
187:
1021:
545:
325:
317:
The order was established on 7 September 1951 by the decree of Federal President
212:
203:
1375:
1352:
306:
66:
54:
2858:
553:
537:
523:
318:
256:
1339:
1105:
944:
List of recipients of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
808:
651:
576:
549:
332:
286:) have each their own order of merit as well, with the exception of the
955:
659:
503:
322:
219:
544:
has been awarded only to three persons, the former German chancellors
388:); equivalent to Grand Cross 1st class, but with laurel wreath design
1110:
1357:
1134:"Ordensstufen des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland"
663:
569:
299:
765:
Badge suspended on neck riband of the class "Commander's Cross"
671:
295:
1527:
1532:
601:
1065:, both Website of the President, and accessed 29 March 2014.
1302:
Stiftung Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
1208:"Altkanzlerin Merkel erhält höchstmöglichen Verdienstorden"
1026:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 1992. p. 70.
1294:
Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany brochure
1180:"Rede: Ordensverleihung an Kanzlerin a.D. Angela Merkel"
1059:
The Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
1172:
627:6-pointed golden Star: Grand Cross 1st class (and
522:. Other than the German president, only a foreign
1366:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
976:Awards and decorations of the German Armed Forces
662:" was not something openly celebrated in the new
235:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
2856:
1200:
1166:"Bundesverdienstkreuz mit Lorbeerkranz für Kohl"
530:in a "special issue" with laurel wreath design (
499:The President of the Federal Republic holds the
417:Großes Verdienstkreuz mit Stern und Schulterband
996:"Verdienstorden der Bundesrepublik Deutschland"
600:of the Order is made up of a golden four-armed
1077:"Bundesverdienstkreuz: Das Kreuz mit dem Dank"
1513:
1482:Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
1325:
779:Medal of Merit, the lowest class of the Order
239:Verdienstorden der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
1168:(in German). Rhein-Zeitung. 26 October 1998.
751:Star of the class "Knight Commander's Cross"
643:
605:
531:
506:. It is awarded to him in a ceremony by the
488:
479:
465:
456:
447:
433:
424:
415:
406:
392:
383:
371:
281:
264:
242:
721:Badge and riband of the class "Grand Cross"
2880:Orders, decorations, and medals of Germany
1520:
1506:
1332:
1318:
69:with one special and eight regular classes
1259:Orders and Decorations of Europe in Color
1103:
693:Insignia of the Grand Cross special class
563:
2875:Civil awards and decorations of Germany
2819:Highest military decorations by country
14:
2857:
1075:Binder, Elisabeth (6 September 2001).
1074:
1023:The Oxford dictionary of abbreviations
872:Grand Cross with Star and Sash in case
382:Grand Cross 1st class, special issue (
1501:
1313:
707:Insignia of the Grand Cross 1st class
1054:
1052:
1050:
542:Grand Cross 1st class, special issue
160:Grand Cross 1st Class, Special Issue
2865:1951 establishments in West Germany
1104:Wördehoff, Bernhard (26 May 1989).
942:For a more comprehensive list, see
836:found on the inner lid of the Order
24:
2831:Highest scouting awards by country
2814:Highest civilian awards by country
884:Grand Cross with Star and Sash set
533:Großkreuz in besonderer Ausführung
385:Großkreuz in besonderer Ausführung
25:
2901:
2541:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1272:
1047:
420:); Great Cross with Star and Sash
1577:Democratic Republic of the Congo
971:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
925:
913:
901:
889:
877:
865:
853:
841:
825:
799:
785:
771:
757:
743:
729:
713:
699:
685:
211:
202:
194:
186:
178:
170:
162:
154:
145:
51:Special Class of the Grand Cross
45:
1341:Orders, decorations, and medals
1251:
1226:
737:Star of the class "Grand Cross"
426:Großes Verdienstkreuz mit Stern
98:Civilian and military personnel
1158:
1126:
1097:
1068:
1014:
988:
848:Grand Cross with Star and Sash
13:
1:
2681:Socialist Republic of Romania
1419:Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
1145:German Federal Foreign Office
981:
937:
658:and the legacy of so called "
27:Federal decoration of Germany
2846:Partially recognised country
2824:Wound decorations by country
2646:Independent State of Croatia
807:Foreign head of state Queen
7:
2666:Hungarian People's Republic
2611:Bulgarian People's Republic
949:
664:Federal Republic of Germany
559:
461:); Cross of Merit 1st Class
373:Sonderstufe des Großkreuzes
370:Grand Cross special class (
78:Federal Republic of Germany
40:Federal Republic of Germany
10:
2906:
2870:Awards established in 1951
1214:(in German). 28 March 2023
941:
723:(without showing the star)
678:
516:President of the Bundesrat
508:President of the Bundestag
423:Knight Commander's Cross (
351:
344:In 2022 Federal President
321:. Signed by Heuss, German
312:
2843:
2806:
2790:
2732:
2725:
2593:
2275:
2268:
2226:
1955:
1948:
1928:
1774:
1767:
1717:
1547:
1540:
1474:
1374:
1351:
1238:www.1951.staatssymbole.de
920:Commander's Class in case
813:Grand Cross special class
580:Order of the German Eagle
501:Grand Cross special class
227:
151:Grand Cross Special Class
144:
140:
128:
117:
102:
94:
83:
73:
62:
44:
37:
2671:Polish People's Republic
573:Order of the Black Eagle
458:Verdienstkreuz 1. Klasse
429:); Great Cross with Star
330:Minister of the Interior
123:(as of January 10, 2021)
1000:www.bundespraesident.de
793:Certificate of Bestowal
520:Supreme Court President
467:Verdienstkreuz am Bande
438:); Great Cross of Merit
391:Grand Cross 1st class (
346:Frank-Walter Steinmeier
2315:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1430:North Rhine-Westphalia
1257:Hieronymussen, P. O.,
860:Grand Cross with badge
644:
606:
590:
532:
489:
480:
466:
457:
448:
434:
425:
416:
407:
393:
384:
372:
364:
342:
282:
265:
261:Federal Cross of Merit
243:
238:
1642:Republic of the Congo
908:Commander's Cross set
832:The gold foil German
567:
528:Grand Cross 1st class
512:Chancellor of Germany
435:Großes Verdienstkreuz
408:Großes Verdienstkreuz
337:
335:, the decree states:
278:German federal states
222:of the Order of Merit
168:Grand Cross 1st Class
38:Order of Merit of the
2208:United Arab Emirates
1436:Rhineland-Palatinate
1263:Macmillan Publishers
1114:(in German). Hamburg
403:Great Cross of Merit
378:President of Germany
266:Bundesverdienstkreuz
244:Bundesverdienstorden
89:President of Germany
18:Bundesverdienstkreuz
2606:Kingdom of Bulgaria
2254:Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
1888:Trinidad and Tobago
1779:Antigua and Barbuda
1531:, decorations, and
1358:Republic of Germany
1185:Der Bundespräsident
1141:auswaertiges-amt.de
660:Prussian militarism
584:Red Cross of Honour
432:Commander's Cross (
134:bundespraesident.de
2676:Kingdom of Romania
2661:Kingdom of Hungary
2052:Self-Defense Force
1836:Dominican Republic
1460:Schleswig-Holstein
1063:German, statistics
961:Order of Karl Marx
591:
582:, The Third Reich
510:, attended by the
253:federal decoration
2852:
2851:
2839:
2838:
2721:
2720:
2264:
2263:
1944:
1943:
1763:
1762:
1740:South West Africa
1495:
1494:
1389:Baden-Württemberg
1381:states of Germany
1345:States of Germany
1033:978-0-19-280073-2
932:Commander's Class
817:Brühl (Rhineland)
646:Wirtschaftswunder
586:and the Prussian
490:Verdienstmedaille
481:Verdienstmedaille
455:Officer's Cross (
231:
230:
16:(Redirected from
2897:
2762:Papua New Guinea
2730:
2729:
2651:Kingdom of Italy
2320:Republika Srpska
2273:
2272:
1953:
1952:
1772:
1771:
1650:
1545:
1544:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1284:
1283:
1281:Official website
1266:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1082:Der Tagesspiegel
1072:
1066:
1056:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
992:
929:
917:
905:
896:Grand Cross Star
893:
881:
869:
857:
845:
829:
815:, 1992 visit in
803:
789:
775:
761:
747:
733:
717:
703:
689:
649:
611:
540:in relief. This
535:
492:
483:
469:
460:
451:
437:
428:
419:
410:
396:
387:
375:
285:
268:
246:
215:
206:
198:
190:
184:Knight Commander
182:
174:
166:
158:
149:
136:
124:
113:
111:
110:7 September 1951
106:7 September 1951
49:
35:
34:
21:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2890:Orders of merit
2855:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2835:
2802:
2786:
2772:Solomon Islands
2717:
2601:Austria-Hungary
2589:
2486:Northern Cyprus
2481:North Macedonia
2341:Czech Republic
2260:
2249:Imperial Orders
2222:
1940:
1924:
1759:
1713:
1644:
1536:
1526:
1496:
1491:
1470:
1379:
1376:Orders of merit
1370:
1356:
1353:Orders of merit
1347:
1338:
1304:
1296:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1256:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1106:"Ehre in Serie"
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1073:
1069:
1057:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1005:
1003:
994:
993:
989:
984:
952:
947:
940:
933:
930:
921:
918:
909:
906:
897:
894:
885:
882:
873:
870:
861:
858:
849:
846:
837:
830:
821:
820:
804:
795:
794:
790:
781:
780:
776:
767:
766:
762:
753:
752:
748:
739:
738:
734:
725:
724:
722:
718:
709:
708:
704:
695:
694:
690:
681:
577:The Third Reich
562:
546:Konrad Adenauer
354:
326:Konrad Adenauer
315:
223:
216:
209:
207:
201:
199:
193:
191:
185:
183:
177:
175:
169:
167:
161:
159:
152:
150:
132:
122:
109:
107:
58:
52:
39:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2903:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2656:Italian states
2653:
2648:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2618:
2616:Czechoslovakia
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2578:United Kingdom
2575:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2280:European Union
2276:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2014:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1936:Mexican Empire
1932:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1725:Bophuthatswana
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1487:Pour le Mérite
1484:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1385:
1383:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1349:
1348:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1285:
1274:
1273:External links
1271:
1268:
1267:
1250:
1225:
1199:
1171:
1157:
1125:
1096:
1067:
1046:
1032:
1013:
986:
985:
983:
980:
979:
978:
973:
968:
966:Pour le Mérite
963:
958:
951:
948:
939:
936:
935:
934:
931:
924:
922:
919:
912:
910:
907:
900:
898:
895:
888:
886:
883:
876:
874:
871:
864:
862:
859:
852:
850:
847:
840:
838:
831:
824:
822:
806:
805:
798:
796:
792:
791:
784:
782:
778:
777:
770:
768:
764:
763:
756:
754:
750:
749:
742:
740:
736:
735:
728:
726:
720:
719:
712:
710:
706:
705:
698:
696:
692:
691:
684:
680:
677:
639:
638:
635:
632:
625:
588:Pour le Mérite
561:
558:
497:
496:
495:
494:
476:Medal of Merit
473:
472:
471:
462:
449:Verdienstkreuz
444:Cross of Merit
441:
440:
439:
430:
421:
400:
399:
398:
397:); Grand Cross
389:
380:
353:
350:
314:
311:
307:Helmut Schmidt
251:) is the only
229:
228:
225:
224:
218:
142:
141:
138:
137:
130:
126:
125:
119:
115:
114:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
67:Order of merit
64:
60:
59:
55:heads of state
53:(reserved for
50:
42:
41:
31:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2902:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:German states
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:South Ossetia
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:Liechtenstein
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:South Vietnam
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1893:United States
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1454:Saxony-Anhalt
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1303:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1276:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1239:
1235:
1234:"Kapitel 1.2"
1229:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1175:
1167:
1161:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1001:
997:
991:
987:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
945:
928:
923:
916:
911:
904:
899:
892:
887:
880:
875:
868:
863:
856:
851:
844:
839:
835:
828:
823:
818:
814:
810:
802:
797:
788:
783:
774:
769:
760:
755:
746:
741:
732:
727:
716:
711:
702:
697:
688:
683:
682:
676:
674:
673:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
647:
636:
633:
630:
629:special issue
626:
623:
622:
621:
618:
613:
610:
609:
603:
599:
594:
589:
585:
581:
578:
574:
571:
566:
557:
555:
554:Angela Merkel
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:laurel wreath
534:
529:
525:
524:head of state
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
502:
491:
486:
485:
482:
477:
474:
468:
463:
459:
454:
453:
450:
445:
442:
436:
431:
427:
422:
418:
414:Grand Cross (
413:
412:
409:
404:
401:
395:
390:
386:
381:
379:
374:
369:
368:
366:
362:
359:
358:
357:
349:
347:
341:
336:
334:
331:
327:
324:
320:
319:Theodor Heuss
310:
308:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
279:
274:
270:
267:
262:
258:
257:Theodor Heuss
254:
250:
245:
240:
236:
226:
221:
214:
210:
205:
197:
189:
181:
173:
165:
157:
148:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
120:
116:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
65:
61:
56:
48:
43:
36:
30:
19:
2706:Soviet Union
2556:Transnistria
2203:Turkmenistan
2146:Saudi Arabia
1679:South Africa
1664:Sierra Leone
1424:Lower Saxony
1365:
1258:
1253:
1241:. Retrieved
1237:
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1212:ZDFmediathek
1211:
1202:
1190:. Retrieved
1183:
1174:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1140:
1128:
1118:22 September
1116:. Retrieved
1109:
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1080:
1070:
1037:. Retrieved
1022:
1016:
1004:. Retrieved
999:
990:
812:
809:Elizabeth II
670:
668:
640:
628:
616:
614:
597:
595:
592:
541:
527:
500:
498:
475:
443:
402:
360:
355:
343:
338:
316:
276:Most of the
275:
273:recipients.
271:
260:
248:
234:
232:
153:
84:Presented by
29:
2752:New Zealand
2685:Yugoslavia
2551:Switzerland
2476:Netherlands
2244:British Raj
2156:South Korea
2141:Philippines
2111:North Korea
1684:South Sudan
1645: [
1407:Brandenburg
1305:(in German)
1297:(in German)
1243:26 February
1188:(in German)
1085:(in German)
1061:, English;
1002:(in German)
834:Bundesadler
652:Third Reich
608:Bundesadler
550:Helmut Kohl
361:Grand Cross
333:Robert Lehr
220:Ribbon bars
176:Grand Cross
103:Established
95:Eligibility
2859:Categories
2471:Montenegro
2451:Luxembourg
2213:Uzbekistan
2188:Tajikistan
2069:Kyrgyzstan
2059:Kazakhstan
2012:East Timor
1975:Bangladesh
1970:Azerbaijan
1674:Somaliland
1627:Mozambique
1597:The Gambia
1535:by country
1039:27 October
1006:10 January
982:References
956:Iron Cross
938:Recipients
518:, and the
504:ex officio
323:Chancellor
304:Chancellor
294:Cities of
2737:Australia
2711:Republics
2446:Lithuania
2234:Manchukuo
2161:Sri Lanka
2151:Singapore
2136:Palestine
2120:Pakistan
2032:Indonesia
2000:Hong Kong
1920:Venezuela
1873:Nicaragua
1809:Provinces
1784:Argentina
1466:Thuringia
1261:(London:
819:, Germany
811:with the
656:abolished
470:); Member
394:Großkreuz
365:Großkreuz
363:(German:
292:Hanseatic
237:(German:
192:Commander
2742:Kiribati
2620:Germany
2583:Military
2571:Military
2526:Slovenia
2521:Slovakia
2501:Portugal
2419:Military
2404:Holy See
2387:Military
2350:Military
2327:Bulgaria
2285:Abkhazia
2193:Thailand
2171:Military
2129:Military
2101:Mongolia
2096:Maldives
2084:Malaysia
2025:Military
1990:Cambodia
1979:Military
1903:Military
1878:Paraguay
1866:Military
1831:Dominica
1821:Colombia
1789:Barbados
1768:Americas
1755:Zanzibar
1745:Transkei
1735:Rhodesia
1709:Zimbabwe
1694:Tanzania
1587:Ethiopia
1582:Eswatini
1572:Cameroon
1562:Botswana
1442:Saarland
1265:, 1967).
1218:18 April
1192:18 April
1150:27 March
1111:Die Zeit
1089:22 March
950:See also
570:Prussian
560:Insignia
121:260,429
2726:Oceania
2689:Kingdom
2566:Ukraine
2506:Romania
2461:Moldova
2414:Ireland
2409:Hungary
2382:Germany
2377:Georgia
2367:Finland
2362:Estonia
2357:Denmark
2332:Croatia
2310:Belgium
2305:Belarus
2300:Austria
2295:Andorra
2290:Albania
2218:Vietnam
2106:Myanmar
2074:Lebanon
1965:Artsakh
1960:Armenia
1915:Uruguay
1856:Jamaica
1846:Grenada
1841:Ecuador
1794:Bolivia
1669:Somalia
1659:Senegal
1637:Nigeria
1632:Namibia
1622:Morocco
1612:Lesotho
1567:Burundi
1552:Algeria
1395:Bavaria
1343:of the
679:Gallery
487:Medal (
464:Cross (
352:Classes
313:History
300:Hamburg
200:Officer
129:Website
108: (
74:Country
2798:Hawaii
2791:Former
2782:Tuvalu
2624:Empire
2594:Former
2561:Turkey
2546:Sweden
2516:Serbia
2511:Russia
2496:Poland
2491:Norway
2466:Monaco
2436:Latvia
2431:Kosovo
2399:Greece
2392:States
2372:France
2337:Cyprus
2269:Europe
2227:Former
2198:Turkey
2183:Taiwan
2176:Police
2089:States
2064:Kuwait
2042:Israel
2016:India
1985:Brunei
1929:Former
1908:Police
1861:Mexico
1851:Guyana
1804:Canada
1799:Brazil
1730:Ciskei
1718:Former
1704:Zambia
1699:Uganda
1654:Rwanda
1617:Malawi
1557:Angola
1541:Africa
1533:medals
1529:Orders
1462:
1456:
1450:
1448:Saxony
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1401:Berlin
1397:
1391:
1378:of the
1355:of the
1030:
672:riband
514:, the
328:, and
296:Bremen
283:Länder
208:Member
2807:Other
2777:Tonga
2767:Samoa
2531:Spain
2456:Malta
2426:Italy
2345:Civil
2166:Civil
2124:Civil
2047:Japan
2020:Civil
2005:Macau
1995:China
1898:Civil
1816:Chile
1750:Venda
1689:Sudan
1649:]
1607:Kenya
1602:Ghana
1592:Egypt
1475:Other
1413:Hesse
1290:(PDF)
1137:(PDF)
602:cross
598:badge
241:, or
217:Medal
118:Total
32:Award
2757:Niue
2747:Fiji
2639:East
2634:Nazi
2116:Oman
2079:Laos
2037:Iran
1949:Asia
1883:Peru
1826:Cuba
1245:2022
1220:2023
1194:2023
1152:2018
1120:2018
1091:2017
1041:2018
1028:ISBN
1008:2021
669:The
617:star
615:The
552:and
298:and
290:and
288:Free
233:The
87:the
63:Type
2694:SFR
666:.
612:).
309:).
269:).
249:BVO
2861::
2699:FR
1647:fr
1236:.
1210:.
1182:.
1143:.
1139:.
1108:.
1079:.
1049:^
998:.
575:,
556:.
548:,
484:)
452:)
411:)
367:)
247:,
1981:)
1977:(
1521:e
1514:t
1507:v
1333:e
1326:t
1319:v
1247:.
1222:.
1196:.
1154:.
1122:.
1093:.
1043:.
1010:.
946:.
493:)
478:(
446:(
405:(
280:(
263:(
112:)
57:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.