287:
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19:
341:
196:
329:
841:
849:
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87:
260:
173:. Pieces that are certainly made in Bristol in 1748? to 1752, rather than Worcester in the years after are extremely rare, but there are some with "Bristoll" in raised letters, including sauce-boats and copies of a figure of "Chinaman" that are moulded from a cast of a Chinese original. Sauce-boats and their saucers, with shapes adapted from silversmithing, are among the most common pieces. Decoration could be
375:
360:
161:
Lund had a partner, William Miller, a "grocer and banker", a necessity as Lund was bankrupt at the time. A previous tenant of the premises was a Mr Lowdin, who died in 1745, and had nothing to do with the porcelain business, but this was not clear to early scholars, and older sources sometimes talk
252:
But
Champion's other business interests ran into difficulty, and the porcelain was not producing immediate profits, so by the autumn of 1778 the firing of new porcelain ended, although there were considerable stocks of undecorated fired wares. These were being decorated and sold until 1782.
256:
The wares of
Plymouth and the first years at Bristol are not easily distinguished, and many prefer to classify pieces as "Cookworthy" or "Champion". Factory marks are of only limited help, as many pieces are unmarked, and the main mark was used at both Plymouth and Bristol; this was
316:
286:
18:
90:
Cup and saucer, 1774, from the
Champion period. The Latin inscription reads: "R. and J. Champion gave this as a token of friendship to J. Burke the best of British wives, on the third day of November, 1774". This was Jane, Mrs
387:
154:, a deposit "mostly valued for making porcelane ... and they get five pounds a ton for the manufacture of porcelane now carrying on at Bristol". The Cornish china stone was apparently first noticed by the Quaker pharmacist
158:(1705-1780) around 1745; he was to found Plymouth porcelain, which moved to become the next Bristol factory. Cookworthy had family in Bristol, and it seems likely that the two Quakers knew each other.
245:
and French factories. Whilst ornamental wares were made, the staple was tea and coffee services, a number made for local businessmen or for politicians and their wives, including Jane Burke, wife of
340:
241:, later a leading enamel painter on copper, were the two leading painters, and new Neoclassical styles were introduced. Where Cookworthy looked to East Asia porceain for models, Champion preferred
237:
Champion had great hopes for the factory, and succeeded in greatly improving the quality of the porcelain body, as well as maintaining and improving artistic standards. Michel
Socquet and the young
150:-founder. On 7 March 1748/9 he was granted a license for "soaprock", perhaps indicating the start of his porcelain operation. A letter of a Dr Richard Pococke from 1750 reports being shown near
103:
Bristol was
England's second business city after London in the mid-18th century, and a major port for the Atlantic trade. It had long been, after London and together with
118:. This part of the industry continued well into the 19th century, while the various porcelain producers proved short-lived. Bristol was also the largest city in the
218:: "It is harder and whiter than the other 18th-century English soft-paste porcelains, and its cold, harsh, glittering glaze marks it off at once from the wares of
210:, a merchant and shipowner who had been a shareholder from 1768. Champion's Bristol factory lasted from 1774 to 1781, when the business was sold to a number of
840:
41:, England by several companies in the 18th and 19th centuries. The plain term "Bristol porcelain" is most likely to refer to the factory moved from
275:. This presumably referred to Cornwall's main mining product. Other marks, such as a "B" with a cross in blue or gold, were only used at Bristol.
1098:
1000:
985:
848:
521:
1508:
1439:
1410:
328:
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301:
187:. The bodies fall into two different types, and the glaze formula was also changed at some point, improving it considerably.
1445:
1302:
718:
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96:
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207:
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637:
1469:
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878:
223:
713:
83:
very successfully from about 1682 until the 1880s, and briefly made porcelain in about 1845–50.
671:
214:
potters owing to serious losses it had accrued. Bristol porcelain, like that of
Plymouth, was a
1224:
1194:
970:
783:
206:
Cookworthy's
Plymouth factory was removed to Bristol in 1770 and was afterwards transferred to
151:
1433:
1164:
1110:
1092:
1044:
1272:
45:
in 1770, the second
Bristol factory. The product of the earliest factory is usually called
1451:
1415:
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1323:
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65:
54:
23:
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8:
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427:
166:
50:
511:
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1134:
1128:
664:
170:
165:
The factory only operated in
Bristol until mid-1752, when Dr. Wall and his partners in
155:
61:
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536:
27:
430:: "I.BURKE.OPT.B.M./R.ET I.CHAMPION.D.DD./PIGNVS.AMICTIAE./III/NON.NOV.MDCCLXXIV".
1427:
1248:
1140:
1038:
900:
795:
381:
Teacup, coffee cup, spoon and saucer from the Daniel Ludlow service, c. 1775–1778
227:
1343:
1212:
905:
789:
272:
1497:
1254:
1015:
741:
723:
516:
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211:
86:
49:
and was made from about 1750 until 1752, when the operation was merged with
1353:
771:
246:
119:
92:
1062:
964:
920:
915:
801:
179:
127:
115:
107:, one of the major centres of production for English pottery, especially
80:
68:, moved to Bristol, where it operated until 1782. This called itself the
1333:
895:
525:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 756.
367:
264:
238:
174:
131:
114:, some of which aspired to keep up with fashions in decoration such as
108:
765:
759:
687:
199:
104:
1182:
910:
753:
123:
42:
608:, 1977, 3rd edn. revised by Franklin A. Barrett, Faber and Faber,
95:; Champion was a friend, who helped Burke's election that year as
1278:
1242:
747:
259:
190:
38:
510:
143:
177:
blue "usually badly blurred and frequently in poorly executed
147:
656:
249:, who Champion helped to be elected MP for Bristol in 1774.
130:, an essential ingredient for hard-paste porcelain and
366:
Teabowl and saucer, c. 1775, decoration attributed to
556:
554:
322:Coffee saucer from the Edmund Burke service, 1774
202:of three vases, c. 1773, painted by Michel Socquet
1495:
844:Ming plate 15th century Jingdezhen kilns Jiangxi
606:Old English Porcelain: A Handbook for Collectors
551:
162:of a phantom "Lowdin's Porcelain Manufactory".
191:Former Plymouth factory, or Champion's factory
672:
474:
472:
169:bought the business and moved everything to
22:Mug, c. 1748–1752, Lund's Bristol factory,
679:
665:
469:
504:
502:
279:Gallery of wares from the Champion period
194:
85:
17:
573:, F Lewis, Leigh on Sea, 1947. pp.57–8
310:from a set of the four seasons, 1770s
1496:
1011:Chinese porcelain in European painting
508:
499:
719:Chinese influences on Islamic pottery
660:
620:The Country Life Pocket Book of China
64:factory, which made England's first
651:200 Years of Ceramic Art in Bristol
13:
1375:Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus
847:
839:
626:
14:
1535:
1509:Ceramics manufacturers of England
820:Famille jaune, noire, rose, verte
634:English Potter - American Patriot
137:
1434:Kuskovo State Museum of Ceramics
852:Meissen hard porcelain vase 1735
448:Honey, 4-5, 211 (and note 1)-216
386:
374:
359:
339:
327:
315:
300:
285:
258:
585:
576:
563:
529:
416:"Bristol Potters and Potteries"
134:, was discovered in the 1740s.
539:. Rod Dowling. 22 January 2013
490:
481:
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451:
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421:
409:
1:
1440:Sèvres – Cité de la céramique
1385:François Xavier d'Entrecolles
686:
598:
346:Plaque with Portrait Bust of
146:whose main business was as a
75:A further factory called the
1422:Dresden Porcelain Collection
571:Champion's Bristol Porcelain
142:Benjamin Lund was a Bristol
7:
644:Champions Bristol Porcelain
271:for tin, also used for the
208:Richard Champion of Bristol
10:
1540:
1464:Victoria and Albert Museum
1470:Museum of Royal Worcester
1446:Musée des Arts Décoratifs
1411:Percival David Foundation
1405:British Museum (London):
1398:
1362:
1316:
1025:
993:
984:
957:
940:
933:
888:
879:Japanese export porcelain
866:
859:
837:
734:
701:
694:
418:, Research by Reg Jackson
70:Bristol China Manufactory
37:covers porcelain made in
1380:Johann Friedrich Böttger
714:Chinese export porcelain
622:, 1965, Country Life Ltd
509:Burton, William (1911).
402:
1524:19th century in Bristol
1519:18th century in Bristol
591:Honey, 336; Hughes, 215
522:Encyclopædia Britannica
334:Cup And Saucer, c. 1775
293:Boy frightened by a Dog
853:
845:
203:
152:Lizard Point, Cornwall
100:
31:
851:
843:
642:Severne-Mackenna, F,
569:Mackenna, F Severne,
537:"The Bristol Factory"
198:
122:, which includes the
89:
21:
1416:The David Collection
1339:Overglaze decoration
1329:Hard-paste porcelain
1324:Soft-paste porcelain
216:hard-paste porcelain
66:hard-paste porcelain
55:soft-paste porcelain
24:soft-paste porcelain
1273:Bing & Grøndahl
1237:Dihl & Guérhard
1135:Villeroy & Boch
618:Hughes, G Bernard,
167:Worcester porcelain
79:made non-porcelain
51:Worcester porcelain
47:Lund's Bristol ware
1514:History of Bristol
1482:Ludwigsburg Palace
1476:Walters Art Museum
874:Japanese porcelain
854:
846:
744:(16th century BCE)
204:
156:William Cookworthy
101:
77:Water Lane Pottery
62:Plymouth porcelain
32:
1504:British porcelain
1491:
1490:
1390:Dmitry Vinogradov
1312:
1311:
1285:Wagner & Apel
1001:List of companies
980:
979:
929:
928:
835:
834:
792:(14th century on)
786:(14th century on)
780:(11th century on)
709:Chinese porcelain
632:Panes, Nicholas,
428:Metropolitan page
395:biscuit porcelain
393:Floral plaque in
352:biscuit porcelain
348:Benjamin Franklin
269:alchemical symbol
243:Meissen porcelain
185:overglaze enamels
112:English Delftware
35:Bristol porcelain
28:overglaze enamels
1531:
1099:Saint Petersburg
1006:French porcelain
991:
990:
948:Korean porcelain
938:
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512:"Ceramics"
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1428:Gardiner Museum
1407:Asia Department
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1249:Hutschenreuther
1021:
1018:
976:
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627:Further reading
601:
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560:Hughes, 215-216
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496:Hughes, 214-215
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439:Hughes, 212-214
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295:, c. 1772–1775
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5:
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1458:Topkapı Palace
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1344:China painting
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822:(17th century)
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810:(17th century)
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804:(16th century)
799:
798:(16th century)
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790:Blanc de Chine
787:
784:Blue and white
781:
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774:(12th century)
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768:(10th century)
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517:Chisholm, Hugh
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487:Honey, 215-216
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466:Honey, 213-214
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457:Honey, 211-212
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138:Lund's Bristol
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1452:Palace Museum
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1016:Armorial ware
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762:(6th century)
761:
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750:(1st century)
749:
746:
743:
742:Proto-celadon
740:
739:
737:
733:
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724:Fonthill Vase
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604:Honey, W.B.,
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1418:(Copenhagen)
1354:Factory mark
1317:Technologies
1225:Clignancourt
650:
649:Owen, Hugh,
643:
638:Details here
633:
619:
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541:. Retrieved
531:
520:
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411:
307:
292:
255:
251:
247:Edmund Burke
236:
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126:sites where
120:West Country
102:
97:a Bristol MP
93:Edmund Burke
76:
74:
69:
60:In 1770 the
59:
46:
34:
33:
15:
1478:(Baltimore)
1472:(Worcester)
1399:Collections
1165:Ludwigsburg
1147:Frankenthal
1123:Nymphenburg
1117:FĂĽrstenberg
1093:Capodimonte
1045:Saint-Cloud
478:Hughes, 215
180:chinoiserie
128:china stone
116:chinoiserie
81:earthenware
53:; this was
1498:Categories
1460:(Istanbul)
1334:Bone china
1219:Copenhagen
1213:Loosdrecht
1195:Wallendorf
778:Jingdezhen
614:0571049028
599:References
582:Honey, 336
368:Henry Bone
267:blue, the
265:underglaze
239:Henry Bone
175:underglaze
132:bone china
109:tin-glazed
1454:(Beijing)
1430:(Toronto)
1424:(Dresden)
1297:Porsgrund
1291:Rosenthal
1231:Hollóháza
1141:Worcester
1081:Vincennes
1069:Chantilly
1063:Rörstrand
906:Nabeshima
688:Porcelain
636:, 2016.
543:2 October
397:, c. 1776
354:, c. 1775
228:Worcester
200:Garniture
171:Worcester
105:Liverpool
1466:(London)
1436:(Moscow)
1370:Chinamen
1303:Augarten
1183:Wedgwood
1129:Plymouth
994:General:
941:General:
911:Kakiemon
867:General:
702:General:
43:Plymouth
1448:(Paris)
1442:(Paris)
1349:Biscuit
1279:Zsolnay
1255:Doulton
1243:Mintons
1207:Limoges
1105:Mennecy
1087:Chelsea
1051:Meissen
772:Qingbai
748:Celadon
653:, 1873.
646:, 1947.
519:(ed.).
224:Chelsea
124:Cornish
39:Bristol
1363:People
1305:(1923)
1299:(1885)
1293:(1879)
1287:(1877)
1281:(1853)
1275:(1853)
1269:(1826)
1267:Herend
1263:(1822)
1261:Lichte
1257:(1815)
1251:(1814)
1245:(1793)
1239:(1781)
1233:(1777)
1227:(1775)
1221:(1775)
1215:(1774)
1209:(1771)
1203:(1768)
1197:(1764)
1191:(1763)
1189:Berlin
1185:(1759)
1179:(1760)
1177:Retiro
1173:(1759)
1167:(1758)
1161:(1757)
1155:(1756)
1153:Sèvres
1149:(1755)
1143:(1751)
1137:(1748)
1131:(1748)
1125:(1747)
1119:(1747)
1113:(1747)
1107:(1745)
1101:(1744)
1095:(1743)
1089:(1743)
1083:(1740)
1077:(1735)
1075:Doccia
1071:(1730)
1065:(1726)
1059:(1718)
1057:Vienna
1053:(1710)
1047:(1693)
1041:(1673)
1035:(1575)
1033:Medici
1026:Types:
986:Europe
971:Joseon
965:Goryeo
958:Types:
921:Hirado
916:Kutani
889:Types:
826:Canton
814:Kangxi
808:Tianqi
802:Swatow
735:Types:
726:(1338)
612:
308:Autumn
257:
144:Quaker
1201:Revol
1171:Weesp
1159:Derby
1039:Rouen
934:Korea
901:Imari
896:Arita
860:Japan
796:Kraak
695:China
515:. In
403:Notes
232:Derby
148:brass
26:with
766:Ding
760:Xing
610:ISBN
545:2015
1111:Bow
754:Yue
263:in
234:".
230:or
220:Bow
1500::
1409:/
553:^
501:^
471:^
350:,
226:,
222:,
72:.
57:.
680:e
673:t
666:v
547:.
99:.
30:.
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