149:
33:
615:, died in 1201, Boniface was chosen as its new leader. He was an experienced soldier, and it was an opportunity to reassert his dynasty's reputation after defeat at home. Boniface's family was well known in the east: his nephew Baldwin and brother Conrad had been kings of Jerusalem, and his niece Maria was the heir presumptive to the kingdom.
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principal financier, the doge of Venice, for riches and honors if they would help him reclaim his empire. Dandolo placated the Pope by having
Alexius Angelus promise to submit the Orthodox Church to Rome when he was restored to his throne in Constantinople. This being done, the fleet set sail for Constantinople in 1203.
665:
After the conquest of
Constantinople in 1204, Boniface was assumed to be the new emperor, both by the western knights and the conquered Byzantine citizens. However, the Venetians vetoed him, believing that he already had too many connections in the Empire and, likely, felt that they would not have
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and beat them into submission before sailing for Cairo. The Pope was angered by these
Christian cities being attacked by a Crusader army. Dandolo, was now the true war leader of this Crusade, with Boniface as only a figurehead. Alexios IV Angelus made many promises to the Crusaders and their
505:, he and Vaqueiras saved his brother-in-law Alberto of Malaspina when he was unhorsed. The first phase of the war ended with a truce in April 1193. By now, Boniface was Marquis of Montferrat, following the deaths of his father in 1191 and of Conrad, the newly elected
674:
and also held all the territories that lay east of
Bosphorus and territories in Crete, though he later conceded Crete to Baldwin. Late 13th and 14th century sources suggest that Boniface based his claim to Thessalonica on the statement that his younger brother
532:
fleets, Vaqueiras protected his lord with his own shield – an act which helped the troubador win a knighthood from
Boniface that year, after the campaign's successful conclusion: Henry's coronation in
638:. At this time the three discussed the possibility of using the crusading army to restore Alexios' right to the throne. Both Boniface and Alexios travelled separately to Rome to ask for
462:
had offered his sister
Theodora to Boniface as a wife, to renew the family's Byzantine alliance, but Boniface had just married for the second time, while Conrad was a recent widower.
458:. William V went out to the kingdom to support his grandson, leaving Conrad and Boniface in charge of Montferrat. However, in 1187, Conrad also left for the East:
439:
as a bride to one of the sons of
William V. Since Boniface, like his older brother Conrad, was already married, and Frederick was a priest, the youngest brother,
397:. These included the rescue of the heiress Jacopina of Ventimiglia from her uncle Count Otto, who was intending to deprive her of her inheritance and send her to
50:
17:
896:
Kosi, Miha (2021). "The
Babenberg Dukes of Austria crusaders – "par excellence"". In Bronstein, Judith; Fishhof, Gil; Shotten-Hallel, Vardit (eds.).
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and niece of Conrad's second wife
Theodora. In the winter of 1201 Boniface spent Christmas with Phillip in Hagenau, and while there also met with
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family, Boniface rescued her and restored her to her lover, Ponset d'Aguilar. Like the rest of the family, he also supported his cousin
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83:
642:'s blessing for the endeavour. Boniface was specifically told by Innocent not to attack any Christians, including the Byzantines.
130:
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Throughout the 1180s and 1190s, despite the wars, Boniface had nevertheless presided over one of the most prestigious courts of
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559:(which in the present day reflects more French and Italian influences) was virtually indistinguishable from the
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649:, the doge of Venice, who had provided their fleet. He instructed them to attack the rebellious cities of
509:, in 1192. No claim to Montferrat ever seems to have been made on behalf of Conrad's posthumous daughter,
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704:, who had followed him to the East, probably died with him: it is significant that he composed no
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Settlement and
Crusade in the Thirteenth Century: Multidisciplinary Studies of the Latin East
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405:(husband of one of Boniface's sisters) abducted Saldina de Mar, a daughter of a prominent
8:
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Murray, Alan V. (2006). "William VI of Montferrat (d. 1225)". In Murray, Alan V. (ed.).
1248:
991:
631:
1034:
Dinastie europee nel Mediterraneo orientale. I Monferrato e i Savoia nei secoli XII–XV
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Boniface elected as leader of the Fourth Crusade, Soissons, 1201: history painting by
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548:, but by 1199 it was clear the war was lost, and Boniface entered into negotiations.
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in June that year, but the war as a whole went badly for the dynasty's interests. At
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432:
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In June 1194, Boniface was appointed one of the leaders of Henry VI's expedition to
385:. His youthful exploits in the late 1170s are recalled in the famous "epic letter",
1085:
767:
627:
619:
560:
459:
443:, married her instead, only to be murdered along with her during the usurpation of
1120:"The Medieval Russian Account of the Fourth Crusade – A New Annotated Translation"
473:, until the boy came of age about two years later. In 1191, after the new Emperor
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as much influence in the empire if Boniface was in control. Instead, they chose
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536:. In October 1197, the truce with Asti ended. Boniface made an alliance with
1129:
I Marchesi di Monferrato in Italia ed in Oriente durante i secoli XII e XIII
420:
Boniface's eldest brother, William, had died in 1177, soon after marrying
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148:
956:
390:
1145:
Villehardouin, Geoffrey de (1963). "The Conquest of Constantinople".
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in June 1198. There were numerous skirmishes and raids, including at
451:
290:
1119:
481:, a fifteen-year war broke out against the neighbouring communes of
32:
1013:
398:
718:
Boniface was first married c. 1170 to Helena del Bosco. They had:
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600:
579:. Boniface's patronage was celebrated widely. To Gaucelm, he was
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634:, Isaac II's son, who had escaped from the custody of his uncle
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129:"Boniface of Montferrat" redirects here. For other uses, see
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in their wars against the independent city communes of the
830:
828:
603:, also shared this interest and was mentioned by Vidal.
1083:
840:
961:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
921:
of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228)
611:
When the original leader of the Fourth Crusade, Count
825:
555:
culture and troubador song. In the 12th century, the
852:
725:, (c. 1173-17 September 1226). Marquis of Montferrat
465:
In 1189, Boniface joined the council of regency for
1091:
The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople'
587:). Curiously, Vaqueiras sometimes addressed him as
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
788:
728:Beatrice, married Enrico del Carretto, Marquis of
595:), but the in-joke is never explained. His sister
493:League, while the two cities joined the League of
1058:The Poems of the Troubadour Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
864:
679:had been granted Thessalonica on his marriage to
1225:
1067:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates
732:, as the second of his three wives; she is the
740:) of Vaqueiras's songs, composed in the 1190s.
690:on 4 September 1207, and his head was sent to
626:, a daughter of the deposed Byzantine emperor
341:) (c. 1150 – 4 September 1207), was the ninth
1144:
1108:
815:
777:, born c. 1205, who was King of Thessalonica.
401:. Boniface arranged a marriage for her. When
1030:
819:
818:, vol. 3 p. 125), and for full discussion (
1047:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
996:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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846:
750:, Latin emperor of Constantinople, in 1207
369:, born after his father's return from the
147:
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117:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1055:
981:
686:Boniface was killed in an ambush by the
1113:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
958:Byzantium Confronts the West, 1180–1204
567:. Besides Vaqueiras, visitors included
131:Boniface of Montferrat (disambiguation)
14:
1226:
1065:Magoulias, Harry J. (transl.) (1984).
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858:
834:
1004:
954:
1279:13th century in the Byzantine Empire
1274:12th century in the Byzantine Empire
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1094:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
1008:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
904:
895:
870:
794:
55:adding citations to reliable sources
26:
1014:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
907:The Franks in the Aegean: 1204–1500
814:, 1966 edition vol. 2 p. 790. Cf. (
66:"Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat"
24:
948:
497:. Boniface defeated the cities at
387:Valen marques, senher de Monferrat
25:
18:Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat
1305:
1141:(external link to bilingual text)
645:The Crusader army was in debt to
606:
424:, the heiress presumptive to the
269:William VI, Marquis of Montferrat
196:William VI, Marquis of Montferrat
1244:Christians of the Fourth Crusade
1069:. Wayne State University Press.
524:, amid the fighting between the
301:William V, Marquis of Montferrat
31:
1010:, Volume 12: Bonfadini–Borrello
389:, by his good friend and court
42:needs additional citations for
1109:Runciman, Steven (1951–1954),
943:. Vol. IV: Q–Z. ABC-CLIO.
800:
373:. He was a younger brother of
361:Boniface was the third son of
13:
1:
1269:13th-century Italian nobility
1264:12th-century Italian nobility
941:The Crusades: An Encyclopedia
781:
356:
345:(from 1192), a leader of the
243:
1294:12th-century Roman Catholics
1289:13th-century Roman Catholics
1031:Haberstumpf, Walter (1995),
982:Cognasso, Francesco (1968).
7:
1127:Usseglio, Leopoldo (1926).
450:In 1183, Boniface's nephew
10:
1310:
1148:Chronicles of the Crusades
984:Il Piemonte nell'Età Sveva
955:Brand, Charles M. (1968).
914:Van Tricht, Filip (2011).
889:Byzantium and the Crusades
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379:Count of Jaffa and Ascalon
128:
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1203:
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1188:
1179:
1171:
1111:A history of the Crusades
1056:Linskill, Joseph (1964).
887:Harris, Jonathan (2003).
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613:Theobald III of Champagne
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1254:Marquesses of Montferrat
1136:Vaqueiras, Raimbaut de.
710:(lament) in his memory.
670:. Boniface founded the
339:Vonifatios Momferratikos
335:Βονιφάτιος Μομφερρατικός
327:Bonifacio del Monferrato
672:Kingdom of Thessalonica
563:of Southern France and
363:William V of Montferrat
279:Demetrius of Montferrat
242:4 September 1207 (aged
221:Demetrius of Montferrat
212:1205 – 4 September 1207
177:1192 – 4 September 1207
891:. Hambledon Continuum.
770:. They had one child:
489:. Boniface joined the
411:Frederick I Barbarossa
326:
323:Boniface of Montferrat
272:Beatrice of Montferrat
1259:Kings of Thessalonica
1182:Marquis of Montferrat
766:and widow of Emperor
702:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
435:offered his daughter
395:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
383:Conrad I of Jerusalem
343:Marquis of Montferrat
168:Marquis of Montferrat
136:Marquis of Montferrat
1206:King of Thessalonica
1084:Queller, Donald E.;
1016:. pp. 118–124.
1012:(in Italian). Rome:
1005:Goria, Axel (1970).
905:Lock, Peter (2015).
557:Piedmontese language
469:, son of his cousin
437:Maria Porphyrogenita
426:Kingdom of Jerusalem
351:king of Thessalonica
203:King of Thessalonica
186:Conrad of Montferrat
159:Salles des Croisades
51:improve this article
764:Béla III of Hungary
762:, daughter of King
760:Margaret of Hungary
744:Agnes of Montferrat
668:Baldwin of Flanders
636:Alexios III Angelos
511:Maria of Montferrat
403:Albert of Malaspina
375:William "Longsword"
367:Judith of Babenberg
321:, usually known as
311:Judith of Babenberg
275:Agnes of Montferrat
257:Margaret of Hungary
822:, pp. 56–67).
816:Runciman 1951–1954
632:Alexios IV Angelos
618:Boniface's cousin
349:(1201–04) and the
1284:Founding monarchs
1222:
1221:
1213:Succeeded by
1189:Succeeded by
1118:Savignac, David.
931:978-90-04-20323-5
924:. Leiden: Brill.
808:Salimbene di Adam
748:Henry of Flanders
640:Pope Innocent III
599:, Marchioness of
577:Arnaut de Mareuil
507:king of Jerusalem
467:Thomas I of Savoy
456:king of Jerusalem
433:Manuel I Komnenos
430:Byzantine emperor
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628:Isaac II Angelos
620:Philip of Swabia
479:county of Incisa
477:granted him the
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454:was crowned co-
428:. In 1179, the
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797:, p. 275.
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756:Constantinople
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751:
746:(d. 1207), m.
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712:
647:Enrico Dandolo
624:Irene Angelina
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607:Fourth Crusade
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573:Gaucelm Faidit
415:Lombard League
371:Second Crusade
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40:This article
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916:
909:. Routledge.
906:
900:. Routledge.
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734:Bel Cavalher
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700:. The loyal
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49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1239:1207 deaths
859:Harris 2003
835:Murray 2006
758:he married
754:In 1205 in
738:Fair Knight
585:My Treasure
581:Mon Thesaur
569:Peire Vidal
487:Alessandria
471:Humbert III
182:Predecessor
1228:Categories
1210:1205–1207
1192:William VI
1186:1192–1207
917:The Latin
782:References
723:William VI
445:Andronikos
391:troubadour
357:Early life
325:(Italian:
319:Boniface I
142:Boniface I
77:newspapers
1249:Aleramici
1216:Demetrius
1200:New title
992:cite book
975:795121713
919:Renovatio
871:Lock 2015
812:Chronicle
795:Kosi 2021
775:Demetrius
692:Bulgarian
683:in 1180.
565:Catalonia
553:chivalric
546:Caranzano
542:Ricaldone
499:Montiglio
452:Baldwin V
381:, and of
291:Aleramici
217:Successor
192:Successor
1088:(1999).
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967:67-20872
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174:Reign
98:JSTOR
84:books
1153:ISBN
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1071:ISBN
1049:link
1018:ISBN
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971:OCLC
963:LCCN
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