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Boar–pig hybrid

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29: 47: 302: 1807: 1421: 334:, range throughout the United States and Canada as feral populations. Their genetic makeup varies widely from area to area, from being all-domestic to a mix of recent domestic with long-feral pigs that have partially reverted to wild traits to an interbreeding of both with wild boars that, as in Australia, were apparently imported for hunting during the 293:, and after three generations of interbreeding, most domesticated characteristics disappear. Prior to closure of the meat export market, Australian hunters with the appropriate qualifications and certificates sold hybrid and feral pig meat to be exported to specialty meat markets in Russia and Italy. 284:
problem). However, it is unclear to what extent they are hybrids. Known hybridization between wild and domesticated pigs has occurred naturally in the country for a long time, with populations of the wild boar (imported by European settlers for hunting) freely interbreeding with domestic pigs,
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article termed them "wildlife enemy number one" in that state. They have become problematic even in cooler, forested northern states (and into Canada); a particular conservation problem is that they strip plant life in woodland areas of their berries and other nutrients needed by the native
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Linderholm, Anna; Spencer, Daisy; Battista, Vincent; Frantz, Laurent; Barnett, Ross; Fleischer, Robert C.; James, Helen F.; Duffy, Dave; Sparks, Jed P.; Clements, David R.; Andersson, Leif; Dobney, Keith; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Larson, Greger (2016).
372:. Wisconsin, for example, imposes no hunting restrictions of any kind on them to promote their elimination. Only a few animals are large enough to prey on hybrid and feral pigs, and are too few in individual numbers to control their population. 264:
sow to produce an animal that looks like the pig from long ago. Iron Age pigs are generally only raised in Europe for the specialty meat market, and in keeping with their heritage are generally more aggressive and harder to handle than
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for centuries. Because of their increasing numbers (at least 6 million in 2014, having approximately tripled since 1990), in more recent decades they have been hunted more programmatically to reduce their impact as an
405:. Actual wild boars were introduced in the early 20th century into Uruguay, again for hunting, and have since spread into Brazil, where they have been deemed an invasive species since at least 1994, especially in 440:, are native to western hemisphere, and are not pest animals, though they compete for resources with hybrid and feral pigs. The dynamics between these populations are not yet well studied. 375:
Free-ranging Eurasian pigs that have also been problematic in Hawaii, a U.S. state in the Pacific Ocean and far from the mainland, are apparently of all-domesticated stock (simply
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to do so. One pig farmer, Oskar Ohlson, claimed to have over 100 hybrid piglets. These he described as not being aggressive, but jumping when stressed unlike regular pigs.
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of all-domesticated original stock (even environmental, agricultural, hunting, and other regulatory agencies often do not bother distinguishing between them) have become
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in general are considered to be the most important mammalian pest of Australian agriculture (a difficult title to hold, given the country's long-running
588: 808: 1284: 379:, not hybrids) and were initially brought by the islands' original Polynesian settlers, supplemented with introductions by early European visitors. 1627: 700: 1029: 984: 363:
estimated about 2.6 million free-roaming porcines in Texas in 2013, which may cast doubt on the 6-million nationwide estimate. A 2014
1844: 535: 289:, or where there is reasonable access by wild boars to penned pig populations. The appearance and temperament of the wild boar is 1641: 1030:"Invasor ou vizinho? Invasor ou vizinho? Estudo traz nova visão sobre interação entre porco-monteiro e seus 'primos' do Pantanal" 938: 223:, and the animals are often freely hunted in hopes of eradicating them or at least reducing them to a controllable population. 1010: 841:"A novel MC1R allele for black coat colour reveals the Polynesian ancestry and hybridization patterns of Hawaiian feral pigs" 485: 1491: 568: 1710: 1756: 1065: 738: 2338: 643: 816: 355:
responsible for significant agricultural and property damage and environmental harm, especially in the U.S.
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In Sweden, farmers have reported wild boars breaking into pens and mating with pig sows, even going through
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Taylor, Richard B.; Hellgren, Eric C. (1997). "Diet of Feral Hogs in the Western South Texas Plains".
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were definitely re-introduced from Russia for hunting as recently as the 1990s. Razorbacks have been
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Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Maturais Nenováveis (4 August 2005).
8: 2371: 1373: 1289: 369: 335: 856: 760: 1792: 1659: 1599: 1592: 1157: 1058: 1011:"A técnica da caça do javali: Reprodução desordenada do animal é combatida com o abate" 881: 840: 682: 227: 168: 41: 28: 1724: 1446: 1323: 1234: 965: 886: 868: 564: 481: 406: 322: 650:. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Archived from 2328: 2235: 1578: 1014: 876: 860: 514: 388: 348: 208: 196: 164: 2258: 2178: 2040: 1686: 1672: 1666: 1473: 1348: 1207: 1202: 418: 2314: 2005: 1902: 1481: 437: 310: 149: 2366: 2355: 2173: 2098: 2079: 1952: 1811: 1606: 1502: 1405: 1279: 1269: 1051: 969: 872: 782: 220: 2323: 2250: 2168: 2133: 2088: 2060: 1980: 1957: 1897: 1451: 1274: 1259: 890: 519: 502: 394: 301: 286: 261: 244: 192: 184: 176: 414: 2269: 2015: 1932: 1693: 1679: 1620: 1571: 1557: 1528: 1410: 1390: 1308: 1297: 1264: 1171: 1129: 1104: 536:"Vildsvinen parar sig med suggorna – tar sig igenom 6 000 volts stängsel" 402: 397:
and allowed to become feral from the 16th century onward, beginning with
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and earlier in ancient Europe. A project to create them, under the name
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for hybrid and feral pigs, and expanded this hunting program in 2008.
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La Bestia Nera: Caccia al Cinghiale fra Mito, Storia e Attualità
2289: 2193: 2000: 1985: 1927: 1122: 1116: 1098: 1086: 837: 441: 425: 216: 118: 108: 88: 68: 701:"Frequently Asked Questions-Wild Pigs: Coping with Feral Hogs" 2203: 2183: 2143: 2093: 2068: 1229: 1110: 444:
appear to prefer boar/pig over peccary prey when available.
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the look of pigs represented in prehistoric artworks of the
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Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania
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has reached crisis proportions in Australia, parts of
761:"Black Bears – Great Smoky Mountains National Park" 931:"History and Distribution of Feral Hogs in Texas" 2353: 611: 609: 500: 1628:Butareba: The Story of a Man Turned into a Pig 990:. Federal Ministério do Meio Ambiente (Brazil) 672: 644:"Wild Hogs in Florida: Ecology and Management" 589:"When One Man's Game Is Also a Marauding Pest" 475: 1838: 1059: 606: 789:. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 285:either where the latter escaped and became 1845: 1831: 1066: 1052: 707:. Texas A&M University. Archived from 436:, range throughout Latin America into the 27: 880: 518: 305:British Iron Age figures of pigs or boars 906:"In pursuit of Hawaii's wild feral pigs" 731:"Feral Hogs - Wildlife Enemy Number One" 642:Giuliano, William M. (5 February 2013). 641: 300: 1642:Jakers! The Adventures of Piggley Winks 1027: 1008: 582: 580: 558: 195:, Australia, and in other places where 2354: 903: 494: 471: 469: 424:Unrelated, smaller, and entirely wild 1826: 1047: 1009:Cecconi, Eduardo (13 February 2009). 586: 533: 393:Domesticated pigs were introduced to 230:, the hybrid is intended to visually 577: 501:Statham, M.; Middleton, M. (1987). 466: 382: 316: 13: 1852: 1028:Furtado, Fred (13 February 2009). 648:Electronic Data Information Source 14: 2383: 809:"Natural Predators of Feral Hogs" 417:. Since 2005, Brazil has issued 167:offspring of a cross between the 1806: 1805: 1419: 964:. January 1994. pp. 32–35. 904:Downes, Lawrence (19 May 2013). 323:Feral pig § In the Americas 45: 1711:The Tale of Little Pig Robinson 1021: 1013:. Terra de Mauá. Archived from 1002: 976: 953: 923: 897: 831: 801: 775: 753: 723: 503:"Feral pigs on Flinders Island" 272: 1032:. Ciencia Hoje. Archived from 693: 666: 635: 587:Goode, Erica (27 April 2013). 552: 527: 476:McDonald-Brown, Linda (2009). 389:Feral pig § South America 199:imported wild boars to use as 1: 459: 985:"Instrução Normativa No. 71" 296: 7: 675:The Southwestern Naturalist 617:"Feral pigs: Pork, chopped" 563:(in Italian). p. 201. 534:Desai, Jonas (2021-11-21). 447: 361:The Southwestern Naturalist 10: 2388: 845:Royal Society Open Science 763:. US National Park Service 386: 320: 2339:Grizzly–polar bear hybrid 2334:Grizzly–black bear hybrid 2312: 2287: 2267: 2249: 2216: 2124: 2077: 2059: 2031: 1971: 1943: 1888: 1860: 1801: 1770: 1718:The Tale of Pigling Bland 1472: 1428: 1417: 1147: 1081: 559:Scheggi, Massimo (1999). 478:Choosing and Keeping Pigs 187:hybrids exist throughout 42:Scientific classification 40: 35: 26: 21: 1073: 1778:List of individual pigs 1635:Fair, then Partly Piggy 359:from Florida to Texas; 36:A male boar-pig hybrid 2199:Congolese spotted lion 1783:List of fictional pigs 1487:Flitch of bacon custom 1285:Religious restrictions 520:10.26749/rstpp.121.121 340:southern United States 306: 2299:Polecat–ferret hybrid 1565:Babe: Pig in the City 1522:The Three Little Pigs 351:; they have become a 304: 181:Sus scrofa domesticus 1585:Empress of Blandings 1036:on 6 September 2008. 1017:on 19 November 2008. 399:Christopher Columbus 16:Hybridised offspring 2304:Polecat–mink hybrid 1290:Scottish pork taboo 865:10.1098/rsos.160304 857:2016RSOS....360304L 783:"Feral Pig Control" 370:American black bear 269:domesticated pigs. 219:, and parts of the 2104:Lord Morton's mare 1793:Pigasus (politics) 1655:Olivia (character) 1593:My Brother the Pig 819:on 2 February 2016 741:on 6 February 2014 711:on 12 January 2016 705:FeralHogs.TAMU.edu 330:hybrids, known as 307: 228:bred intentionally 211:. Their status as 169:Eurasian wild boar 2349: 2348: 2011:Jackal–dog hybrid 1923:Sheep–goat hybrid 1820: 1819: 1732:Toot & Puddle 1725:This Little Piggy 1492:Floyd of Rosedale 1178:Intensive farming 910:The Seattle Times 487:978-1-55407-469-3 480:. Firefly Books. 407:Rio Grande do Sul 197:European settlers 173:Sus scrofa scrofa 158: 157: 2379: 2329:ABC Islands bear 2259:Macropod hybrids 2236:Hybrid orangutan 1996:Dingo–dog hybrid 1847: 1840: 1833: 1824: 1823: 1809: 1808: 1579:Blandings Castle 1423: 1387: 1300: 1226: 1174: 1160: 1068: 1061: 1054: 1045: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1025: 1019: 1018: 1006: 1000: 999: 997: 995: 989: 980: 974: 973: 957: 951: 950: 948: 946: 941:on 13 April 2016 937:. Archived from 927: 921: 920: 918: 916: 901: 895: 894: 884: 835: 829: 828: 826: 824: 815:. Archived from 805: 799: 798: 796: 794: 779: 773: 772: 770: 768: 757: 751: 750: 748: 746: 737:. Archived from 727: 721: 720: 718: 716: 697: 691: 690: 670: 664: 663: 661: 659: 639: 633: 632: 630: 628: 613: 604: 603: 601: 599: 584: 575: 574: 556: 550: 549: 547: 546: 531: 525: 524: 522: 498: 492: 491: 473: 419:hunting licenses 383:In South America 349:invasive species 344:hunted for sport 317:In North America 251: 250: 240: 239: 235: 209:invasive species 50: 49: 31: 22:Boar–pig hybrid 19: 18: 2387: 2386: 2382: 2381: 2380: 2378: 2377: 2376: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2345: 2308: 2283: 2263: 2245: 2212: 2179:Panthera hybrid 2120: 2073: 2069:Elephant hybrid 2055: 2041:Clymene dolphin 2027: 1967: 1939: 1884: 1883: 1856: 1851: 1821: 1816: 1797: 1766: 1673:Pinky and Perky 1667:Pink Floyd pigs 1600:Charlotte's Web 1468: 1464:Boar–pig hybrid 1424: 1415: 1385: 1296: 1224: 1208:Cross-fostering 1203:Gestation crate 1170: 1156: 1143: 1077: 1072: 1042: 1041: 1026: 1022: 1007: 1003: 993: 991: 987: 981: 977: 959: 958: 954: 944: 942: 929: 928: 924: 914: 912: 902: 898: 836: 832: 822: 820: 807: 806: 802: 792: 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1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1324:Pig's trotters 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1161: 1153: 1151: 1145: 1144: 1142: 1141: 1138:Sus domesticus 1133: 1125: 1119: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1095: 1089: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1071: 1070: 1063: 1056: 1048: 1040: 1039: 1020: 1001: 975: 952: 922: 896: 830: 800: 774: 752: 722: 692: 665: 634: 605: 593:New York Times 576: 569: 551: 540:Dagens Nyheter 526: 493: 486: 464: 463: 461: 458: 457: 456: 449: 446: 438:U.S. Southwest 411:Santa Catarina 387:Main article: 384: 381: 321:Main article: 318: 315: 298: 295: 274: 271: 156: 155: 144:S. scrofa 140: 138: 134: 133: 126: 122: 121: 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 76: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 56: 52: 51: 38: 37: 33: 32: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2384: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2340: 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2313: 2288: 2279:Iron Age pig 2278: 2268: 2251:Macropodinae 2169:Savannah cat 2134:Felid hybrid 2089:Equid hybrid 2078: 2061:Elephantidae 1981:Canid hybrid 1898:Bovid hybrid 1744: 1737: 1730: 1716: 1709: 1692: 1685: 1678: 1671: 1647: 1640: 1633: 1626: 1619: 1612: 1605: 1598: 1591: 1577: 1570: 1563: 1556: 1527: 1463: 1260:Chitterlings 1136: 1128: 1105:Artiodactyla 1034:the original 1023: 1015:the original 1004: 992:. 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Retrieved 539: 529: 510: 506: 496: 477: 423: 395:the Americas 392: 374: 364: 360: 336:colonial era 326: 308: 276: 273:In Australia 258:Iron Age pig 257: 225: 213:pest animals 201:game animals 193:the Americas 180: 177:domestic pig 172: 160: 159: 148: 142: 141: 129: 99:Artiodactyla 2226:Denisova 11 2016:Sulimov dog 1694:Porco Rosso 1680:Preston Pig 1572:Bad Piggies 1529:Animal Farm 1309:Boston butt 994:13 February 962:Globo Rural 915:10 February 793:23 November 767:10 February 745:10 February 715:10 February 627:10 February 598:6 September 513:: 121–124. 428:, known as 403:West Indies 353:pest animal 338:and in the 115:Subfamily: 2372:Wild boars 2356:Categories 2241:Koolakamba 2159:Kellas cat 2139:Bengal cat 1913:Dwarf Lulu 1746:Wibbly Pig 1739:Huxley Pig 1705:Spider pig 1700:Spider-Ham 1497:Miss Piggy 1474:In culture 1386:Other uses 1369:Pork steak 1359:Spare ribs 1349:Tenderloin 1329:Pork belly 1304:Back bacon 1121:Subfamily 945:2 February 823:2 February 787:DNR.Wi.gov 658:2 February 545:2021-11-27 460:References 377:feral pigs 357:Deep South 332:razorbacks 278:Feral pigs 245:back-breed 205:feral pigs 175:) and any 165:hybridized 2218:Hominidae 1945:Camelidae 1752:Zhu Bajie 1660:TV series 1621:Super Pig 1614:Peppa Pig 1535:Old Major 1511:Porky Pig 1459:Razorback 1442:Wild boar 1411:Truffling 1406:Wrestling 1364:Pork rind 1339:Pork jowl 1334:Pork chop 1270:Slaughter 1240:Capocollo 1213:Swineherd 1198:Hog oiler 1109:Suborder 970:0102-6178 873:2054-5703 813:eXtension 434:javelinas 430:peccaries 415:São Paulo 297:In Europe 137:Species: 65:Kingdom: 59:Eukaryota 2231:Humanzee 2164:Pumapard 2046:Wholphin 1879:Mammalia 1873:Chordata 1867:Animalia 1865:Kingdom 1788:Piganino 1762:Pig City 1649:Kazoops! 1550:Squealer 1545:Snowball 1540:Napoleon 1447:Heraldry 1319:Ham hock 1275:Suckling 1235:Bondiola 1218:Feedback 1158:Breeding 1149:Domestic 1135:Species 1099:Mammalia 1093:Chordata 1087:Animalia 1085:Kingdom 891:27703696 687:30054058 454:Hogzilla 448:See also 291:dominant 267:purebred 262:Tamworth 254:Iron Age 232:recreate 105:Family: 89:Mammalia 79:Chordata 75:Phylum: 69:Animalia 55:Domain: 2290:Mustela 2189:Liliger 2154:Chausie 2149:Caraval 2126:Felidae 2114:Zebroid 2051:Narluga 2033:Cetacea 2021:Wolfdog 1991:Coywolf 1973:Canidae 1963:Huarizo 1908:Beefalo 1890:Bovidae 1871:Phylum 1452:Hunting 1391:Bladder 1314:Fatback 1265:Scalder 1225:As food 1188:Pannage 1172:Farming 1115:Family 1091:Phylum 882:5043315 853:Bibcode 442:Jaguars 401:in the 249:  238:‍ 234:‍ 189:Eurasia 125:Genus: 95:Order: 85:Class: 2194:Marozi 2001:Dogxim 1986:Coydog 1933:Żubroń 1928:Yakalo 1877:Class 1810:  1687:Rasher 1516:Piglet 1396:Racing 1193:Toilet 1127:Genus 1123:Suinae 1117:Suidae 1103:Order 1097:Class 968:  889:  879:  871:  685:  567:  484:  413:, and 217:Brazil 119:Suinae 109:Suidae 2315:Ursus 2204:Tigon 2184:Liger 2144:Blynx 2099:Kunga 2094:Hinny 2080:Equus 1958:Bukht 1771:Other 1434:feral 1280:Blood 1230:Bacon 1164:Shows 1111:Suina 988:(PDF) 683:JSTOR 426:suids 328:Suine 287:feral 226:When 185:Feral 163:is a 2367:Pigs 2109:Mule 1953:Cama 1558:Babe 1432:and 1430:Wild 1379:Tail 1354:Ribs 1344:Loin 1298:Cuts 1255:Pork 1250:Lard 1075:Pigs 996:2009 966:ISSN 947:2016 917:2014 887:PMID 869:ISSN 825:2016 795:2015 769:2014 747:2014 717:2014 660:2016 629:2014 600:2017 565:ISBN 482:ISBN 2270:Sus 1918:Dzo 1401:War 1374:Ear 1245:Ham 1183:Sty 1130:Sus 877:PMC 861:doi 515:doi 511:121 432:or 241:to 183:). 130:Sus 2358:: 933:. 908:. 885:. 875:. 867:. 859:. 847:. 843:. 811:. 785:. 733:. 703:. 679:42 677:. 646:. 619:. 608:^ 591:. 579:^ 538:. 509:. 505:. 468:^ 409:, 247:"— 191:, 147:× 1846:e 1839:t 1832:v 1727:" 1723:" 1524:" 1520:" 1505:" 1501:" 1067:e 1060:t 1053:v 998:. 972:. 949:. 919:. 893:. 863:: 855:: 849:3 827:. 797:. 771:. 749:. 719:. 689:. 662:. 631:. 602:. 573:. 548:. 523:. 517:: 490:. 243:" 236:— 179:( 171:(

Index


Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Suidae
Suinae
Sus
S. scrofa
S. domesticus
hybridized
Eurasian wild boar
domestic pig
Feral
Eurasia
the Americas
European settlers
game animals
feral pigs
invasive species
pest animals
Brazil
United States
bred intentionally
back-breed
Iron Age
Tamworth

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