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Bill Mitchell (economist)

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487:(September, 2017), co-written with Italian journalist Thomas Fazi, "reconceptualises the nation state as a vehicle for progressive change. They show how despite the ravages of neoliberalism, the state still contains resources for democratic control of a nation's economy and finances. The populist turn provides an opening to develop an ambitious but feasible left political strategy. It offers an urgent, provocative and prescient political analysis of our current predicament, and lays out a comprehensive strategy for revitalising progressive economics in the 21st century." 25: 146: 576:
In November 2023, he was listed as one of 44 academics in Australia across all disciplines that were considered to be 'Living Legends' by a Special Research report published in The Australian Newspaper. The report stated these academic were deemed to be "living legends ... because they attract
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in the 1930s. The authors further contend that unemployment is a reflection of systemic policy failures, rather than an "individual problem". They present a theoretical and empirical critique of the neo-liberal approach and suggest that the reinstatement of full employment, along with price
700:: "I have often indicated that my economic roots come from Marx through Kalecki. Kalecki was a Marxist economist. Marx was the first to really get to grips with the idea of effective demand – that is, spending backed by cash. Kalecki understood this intrinsically." Mitchell, 12 August 2010 468:
and Martin Watts, is a textbook that "encourages students to take a more critical approach to the prevalent assumptions around the subject of macroeconomics, by comparing and contrasting heterodox and orthodox approaches to theory and policy ... based on the principles of
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He has written extensively in the fields of macroeconomics, econometrics and public policy. He has published widely in refereed academic journals and books and regularly gives conference presentations abroad.
281:, Australia and Docent Professor of Global Political Economy at the University of Helsinki, Finland. He is also a guest professor at Kyoto University, Japan since 2022. He is one of the founding developers of 804: 1628: 404:
economic theories and practices; he disputes the "revisionism" of History ostensibly perpetrated by mainstream or conservative economists, especially in relation to the policies of the
1683: 974: 450:. The book offers a combination of biography, provenance, history and economic analysis where the co-founders of MMT clarify what constitutes MMT and how their ideas were developed. 1004: 1095: 528: 608:, in disparaging terms, stating, only half-jokingly, that his work as a musician does less damage to people. "I think my economics profession is very dangerous," he says. 367: 390:. Its mission statement is to advance research and policies that can restore full employment and achieve a society that "delivers equitable outcomes for all". 42: 540:, traces the theoretical analysis of the nature and causes of unemployment over the last 150 years and argue that the shift from involuntary to so-called 1708: 412:
in industrial matters in state and federal tribunals in Australia, as well as in various government enquiries. His work in childcare industrial cases in
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is introduced, whereby the government would guarantee a job to every willing and able adult individual, paying a wage that would become society's
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worldwide attention by virtue of their ideas". The analysis termed Mitchell an "eminent scholar" and he was the only economist listed.
432:' claim that for at least 4,000 years money has been "a creature of the state". He is a prominent promoter of MMT in macroeconomics. 100: 72: 1673: 1693: 378:
Mitchell works to promote active government economic policies and the use of fiscal deficits as a tool to enhance well-being and
33: 1445: 79: 1104: 1088: 951: 926: 901: 876: 866: 1159: 383: 1059: 1041: 624:.com, which was sold in 1999 to the Australian media company Knapp Communications. It was subsequently bought in 2007 by 216: 86: 1678: 387: 351: 318: 274: 1703: 1698: 1688: 119: 747: 68: 937: 337:, 1982. He completed a Master's Preliminary at the University of Melbourne in 1978 (with first-class honours). 306: 1635: 1608: 842: 793:
by Mitchell & Mosler, presentation to the Review of the Commonwealth Government Securities Market, 2002
541: 379: 358:. He also holds the position of Docent Professor in Global Political Economy, Faculty of Social Sciences, 1415: 416:
and New South Wales influenced the realignments in the relevant State and Federal Awards in that sector.
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suburb soon after. He attended Ashwood Primary School (1957–1963) and Ashwood High School (1964–1969).
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Mitchell has played guitar professionally in bands over the years. Mitchell currently plays with
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Mitchell participates in public and community activities on the issues of politics, economics,
359: 282: 228: 198: 537: 394: 294: 169: 1658: 1430: 893: 413: 322: 8: 1184: 1168: 1145: 809: 553: 429: 1498: 1335: 1272: 663: 330: 716:: "the late Arthur Okun, the doyen of applied economics...". Mitchell, 1 November 2010 1583: 1533: 1478: 1435: 1355: 1262: 1212: 1100: 1084: 947: 922: 914:
Reclaiming the State: A Progressive Vision of Sovereignty for a Post-Neoliberal World
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Reclaiming the State: A Progressive Vision of Sovereignty for a Post-Neoliberal World
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Reclaiming the State: A Progressive Vision of Sovereignty for a Post-Neoliberal World
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band, originally popular in the 1970s and early 1980s. The band reformed in 2010.
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stability, is a viable policy goal, achievable through an activist fiscal policy.
1593: 1588: 1578: 1508: 1493: 1488: 1450: 1440: 1370: 1350: 1222: 1063: 1026: 1008: 837: 790: 771: 750:, Counter-Conference on Fiscal Sustainability, 28 April 2010, Washington, DC, USA 735: 713: 712:: "Arthur Okun...one of my favourite economists...". Mitchell, 1 September 2009; 697: 657: 647: 465: 355: 278: 246: 57: 962: 709: 439: 52:. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced 1603: 1568: 1468: 1395: 1320: 1292: 1267: 1247: 1207: 1202: 1013: 855: 549: 409: 1056: 509:(May 2015), provides "a critical history and analysis from the perspective of 1652: 1558: 1420: 1257: 1237: 1217: 1081:
Growth and cohesion in the European Union: The Impact of Macroeconomic Policy
831:"Debt, Deficits, and Modern Monetary Theory: An Interview with Bill Mitchell" 669: 561: 447: 1513: 490: 1613: 1563: 1538: 1483: 1473: 1400: 1345: 1297: 1277: 1227: 565: 533: 206: 446:
This book was published by Lola Press in July 2024 and is co-written with
1573: 1548: 1543: 1410: 1390: 1330: 1302: 1252: 918: 759: 621: 401: 254: 1385: 1380: 1242: 1232: 805:"Modern Monetary Theory is an unconventional take on economic strategy" 643: 625: 504: 1632: 620:. He was an "active bike racer" when, in 1995, he founded the website 604:
Mitchell often refers to the economics discipline, and especially the
1503: 598: 590: 298: 270: 238: 1121: 24: 605: 500: 405: 586: 145: 784:"Public Debt management and Australia’s macroeconomic priorities" 617: 363: 1127: 674: 594: 1116: 1137: 1132: 1096:
Full Employment Abandoned: Shifting Sands and Policy Failures
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Modern Monetary Theory: Bill and Warren's Excellent Adventure
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Full Employment Abandoned: Shifting Sands and Policy Failures
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Modern Monetary Theory: Bill and Warren's Excellent Adventure
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Eurozone Dystopia - Groupthink and Denial on a Grand Scale
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Academic staff of the University of Newcastle (Australia)
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Eurozone Dystopia: Groupthink and Denial on a Grand Scale
428:, also known as MMT. He coined the term in reference to 317:
Mitchell holds the following degrees: PhD in Economics,
386:(CofFEE), a non-profit, research organisation at the 1099:(2008), Edward Elgar Publishing 320 pp, Hardback, 1650: 301:, Australia, in March 1952. The family moved to 1079:Mitchell, William, Joan Muysken, Tom Van Veen: 710:"Knowlegable economic commentary still exists" 548:as notably advocated, within the frame of the 293:Mitchell was born to working class parents in 1153: 544:are behind an "ideological backlash" against 772:"The conservative reconstruction of history" 520: 408:. He has often been called to appear as an 1709:University of Newcastle (Australia) alumni 1160: 1146: 963:"When is a job guarantee a Job Guarantee?" 698:"The Political Aspects of Full Employment" 366:and is a Guest International Professor at 144: 464:(Macmillan, March 2019), co-written with 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 1027:"The economics profession is a disgrace" 975:"Australia’s living legends of research" 802: 1037: 1035: 997: 995: 542:"natural rate" concepts of unemployment 350:Since 1990, Mitchell is a professor at 1651: 1124:, with "commentary on economic events" 1093:Mitchell, William & Joan Muysken: 1052: 1050: 693: 691: 269:(born 7 March 1952) is a professor of 1141: 1073: 980: 724: 722: 714:"They have been smoking some doobies" 1032: 992: 803:Matthews, Dylan (18 February 2012). 384:Centre of Full Employment and Equity 18: 1047: 688: 13: 1714:21st-century Australian economists 1669:20th-century Australian economists 719: 14: 1725: 1110: 1083:(2006), Edward Elgar Publishing, 453: 1117:Bill Mitchell's personal website 748:"What is Fiscal Sustainability?" 611: 571: 23: 1674:Modern monetary theory scholars 1020: 1002:"The real rock-start economist" 968: 956: 931: 906: 881: 860: 849: 1694:People from the City of Monash 1167: 824: 796: 777: 765: 753: 741: 738:Newcastle University biography 703: 69:"Bill Mitchell" economist 1: 681: 288: 50:secondary or tertiary sources 1044:by Gerard Knapp, 4 July 2007 843:Harvard International Review 380:environmental sustainability 312: 56:, especially if potentially 34:biography of a living person 7: 631: 616:Mitchell is a "passionate" 580: 507:and Denial on a Grand Scale 373: 345: 54:must be removed immediately 10: 1730: 1679:Post-Keynesian economists 1622: 1459: 1311: 1193: 1177: 977:Tim Dodd, 7 November 2023 871:, Lola Books, July 2024, 522:Full Employment Abandoned 424:Mitchell coined the term 419: 340: 260: 234: 222: 212: 194: 189: 185: 177: 152: 143: 136: 1704:Deakin University alumni 1699:Monash University alumni 1689:Academics from Melbourne 760:Climate Action Newcastle 532:(2008), co-written with 515:European economic crisis 382:. He is Director of the 267:William Francis Mitchell 1529:Stephany Griffith-Jones 1062:3 November 2014 at the 989:Bill Mitchell's website 965:Mitchell, 17 April 2009 944:Edward Elgar Publishing 836:19 October 2011 at the 762:event information, 2008 517:that started in 2009." 397:, and the environment. 388:University of Newcastle 368:Kyoto University, Japan 352:University of Newcastle 319:University of Newcastle 275:University of Newcastle 217:University of Newcastle 1341:John Kenneth Galbraith 1029:Mitchell, 3 March 2011 1014:Business Review Weekly 774:Mitchell, 25 June 2010 639:Modern Monetary Theory 511:Modern Monetary Theory 471:Modern Monetary Theory 426:Modern Monetary Theory 360:University of Helsinki 283:Modern Monetary Theory 229:Modern Monetary Theory 199:Modern Monetary Theory 48:Please help by adding 734:14 March 2012 at the 653:Government accounting 538:Maastricht University 395:fiscal sustainability 16:Economist (born 1952) 1431:Pavlina R. Tcherneva 1122:Bill Mitchell's blog 1007:4 March 2016 at the 987:Personal information 894:Macmillan Publishers 856:List of publications 789:26 July 2011 at the 1636:Keynesian economics 1185:John Maynard Keynes 810:The Washington Post 430:John Maynard Keynes 37:relies too much on 1336:James K. Galbraith 1273:Arthur Melvin Okun 1074:Additional sources 921:, September 2017, 664:Legal Tender Cases 546:state intervention 307:Housing Commission 1646: 1645: 1534:Nobuhiro Kiyotaki 1479:Olivier Blanchard 1436:Anthony Thirlwall 1263:Franco Modigliani 1213:James Duesenberry 1105:978-1-85898-507-7 1089:978-1-84542-611-8 1066:, CyclingNews.com 952:978-1-78471-665-3 927:978-0-7453-3732-6 902:978-1-137-61066-9 877:978-3-944203-72-0 846:, 16 October 2011 400:Mitchell opposes 335:Monash University 327:Deakin University 264: 263: 203:political economy 130: 129: 122: 104: 1721: 1634: 1609:Michael Woodford 1599:Lawrence Summers 1554:Maurice Obstfeld 1524:Robert J. Gordon 1446:Sidney Weintraub 1426:G. L. S. Shackle 1162: 1155: 1148: 1139: 1138: 1067: 1054: 1045: 1039: 1030: 1024: 1018: 999: 990: 984: 978: 972: 966: 960: 954: 935: 929: 910: 904: 885: 879: 864: 858: 853: 847: 828: 822: 821: 819: 817: 800: 794: 781: 775: 769: 763: 757: 751: 745: 739: 726: 717: 707: 701: 695: 166: 162: 160: 148: 138:William Mitchell 134: 133: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 27: 19: 1729: 1728: 1724: 1723: 1722: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1649: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1638: 1631: 1618: 1594:Joseph Stiglitz 1589:Andrei Shleifer 1579:Julio Rotemberg 1509:Stanley Fischer 1494:Richard Clarida 1489:Guillermo Calvo 1455: 1451:L. Randall Wray 1441:William Vickrey 1416:Steven Pressman 1371:Nicholas Kaldor 1351:Myron J. Gordon 1313:Post-Keynesians 1307: 1223:Trygve Haavelmo 1189: 1173: 1166: 1133:CyclingNews.com 1113: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1064:Wayback Machine 1055: 1048: 1040: 1033: 1025: 1021: 1009:Wayback Machine 1000: 993: 985: 981: 973: 969: 961: 957: 946:, 29 May 2015, 936: 932: 911: 907: 886: 882: 865: 861: 854: 850: 838:Wayback Machine 829: 825: 815: 813: 801: 797: 791:Wayback Machine 782: 778: 770: 766: 758: 754: 746: 742: 736:Wayback Machine 727: 720: 708: 704: 696: 689: 684: 679: 658:Balanced budget 648:commodity money 634: 614: 583: 574: 525: 495: 481: 466:L. Randall Wray 458: 444: 422: 376: 356:New South Wales 348: 343: 315: 291: 279:New South Wales 247:Michael Kalecki 224: 190:Academic career 173: 167: 164: 158: 156: 139: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 47: 43:primary sources 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1727: 1717: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1644: 1643: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1619: 1617: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1604:John B. Taylor 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1584:Robert Shiller 1581: 1576: 1571: 1569:Kenneth Rogoff 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1469:George Akerlof 1465: 1463: 1461:New Keynesians 1457: 1456: 1454: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1396:Abba P. Lerner 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1376:Michał Kalecki 1373: 1368: 1363: 1361:Michael Hudson 1358: 1356:Geoff Harcourt 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1321:Victoria Chick 1317: 1315: 1309: 1308: 1306: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1293:Paul Samuelson 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1268:Robert Mundell 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1248:Lawrence Klein 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1208:William Baumol 1205: 1203:Gardner Ackley 1199: 1197: 1195:Neo-Keynesians 1191: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1157: 1150: 1142: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1128:CofFEE website 1125: 1119: 1112: 1111:External links 1109: 1108: 1107: 1091: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1068: 1046: 1031: 1019: 991: 979: 967: 955: 930: 905: 896:, March 2019, 889:Macroeconomics 880: 859: 848: 823: 795: 776: 764: 752: 740: 729:Qualifications 718: 702: 686: 685: 683: 680: 678: 677: 672: 667: 660: 655: 650: 641: 635: 633: 630: 613: 610: 582: 579: 573: 570: 560:The notion of 524: 519: 494: 489: 483:His 2017 book 480: 475: 462:Macroeconomics 457: 455:Macroeconomics 452: 443: 438: 421: 418: 410:expert witness 375: 372: 347: 344: 342: 339: 314: 311: 297:, a suburb of 290: 287: 262: 261: 258: 257: 236: 232: 231: 226: 223:School or 220: 219: 214: 210: 209: 196: 192: 191: 187: 186: 183: 182: 179: 175: 174: 168: 154: 150: 149: 141: 140: 137: 128: 127: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1726: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1664:Living people 1662: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1637: 1633: 1625: 1621: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1559:Edmund Phelps 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1421:Joan Robinson 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1406:Bill Mitchell 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1326:Paul Davidson 1324: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1288:William Poole 1286: 1284: 1283:Bill Phillips 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1258:Lloyd Metzler 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1238:Walter Heller 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1218:Robert Eisner 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1158: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1097: 1092: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1077: 1065: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1043: 1038: 1036: 1028: 1023: 1017:, 17 May 2012 1016: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1003: 998: 996: 988: 983: 976: 971: 964: 959: 953: 949: 945: 941: 940: 934: 928: 924: 920: 916: 915: 909: 903: 899: 895: 891: 890: 884: 878: 874: 870: 869: 863: 857: 852: 845: 844: 839: 835: 832: 827: 812: 811: 806: 799: 792: 788: 785: 780: 773: 768: 761: 756: 749: 744: 737: 733: 730: 725: 723: 715: 711: 706: 699: 694: 692: 687: 676: 673: 671: 670:Job Guarantee 668: 666: 665: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 645: 642: 640: 637: 636: 629: 627: 623: 619: 612:Personal life 609: 607: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 587:Pressure Drop 578: 572:Living Legend 569: 567: 563: 562:job guarantee 558: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 530: 523: 518: 516: 512: 508: 506: 502: 493: 488: 486: 479: 474: 472: 467: 463: 456: 451: 449: 448:Warren Mosler 442: 437: 433: 431: 427: 417: 415: 411: 407: 403: 398: 396: 391: 389: 385: 381: 371: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 338: 336: 333:of Economics 332: 328: 325:of Commerce, 324: 320: 310: 308: 304: 300: 296: 286: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 259: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 237: 233: 230: 227: 221: 218: 215: 211: 208: 204: 200: 197: 193: 188: 184: 180: 176: 171: 165:(age 72) 155: 151: 147: 142: 135: 132: 124: 121: 113: 110:November 2018 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: –  70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 51: 45: 44: 40: 35: 30: 26: 21: 20: 1614:Janet Yellen 1564:Ricardo Reis 1539:Paul Krugman 1519:Mark Gertler 1484:Alan Blinder 1474:Ben Bernanke 1405: 1401:Hyman Minsky 1366:Richard Kahn 1346:Wynne Godley 1298:Robert Solow 1278:Don Patinkin 1228:Alvin Hansen 1094: 1080: 1022: 1012: 982: 970: 958: 938: 933: 913: 908: 888: 883: 867: 862: 851: 841: 826: 814:. Retrieved 808: 798: 779: 767: 755: 743: 705: 662: 615: 603: 584: 575: 566:minimum wage 559: 550:free economy 534:Joan Muysken 527: 526: 521: 498: 496: 491: 484: 482: 477: 461: 459: 454: 445: 440: 434: 423: 399: 392: 377: 349: 329:, 1977; and 316: 292: 266: 265: 250: 242: 207:econometrics 163:7 March 1952 131: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 53: 36: 1659:1952 births 1574:David Romer 1549:Marc Melitz 1544:Greg Mankiw 1499:Brad DeLong 1411:Basil Moore 1391:Marc Lavoie 1331:Evsey Domar 1303:James Tobin 1253:James Meade 919:Pluto Press 622:Cyclingnews 402:neo-liberal 295:Glen Huntly 255:Arthur Okun 213:Institution 178:Nationality 172:, Australia 170:Glen Huntly 60:or harmful. 1653:Categories 1514:Jordi Galí 1386:Jan Kregel 1381:Steve Keen 1243:John Hicks 1233:Roy Harrod 1170:Keynesians 682:References 644:Fiat money 626:Future plc 505:Groupthink 289:Early life 235:Influences 181:Australian 159:1952-03-07 80:newspapers 39:references 1504:Huw Dixon 816:1 October 591:Melbourne 499:Eurozone 497:His book 460:His book 313:Education 299:Melbourne 271:economics 239:Karl Marx 225:tradition 1060:Archived 1057:About us 1005:Archived 834:Archived 787:Archived 732:Archived 632:See also 606:academia 581:Musician 501:Dystopia 473:(MMT)". 414:Victoria 406:New Deal 374:Activist 346:Academic 323:Bachelor 321:, 1998; 305:, a new 58:libelous 1623:Related 1178:Founder 618:cyclist 593:-based 513:of the 364:Finland 303:Ashwood 273:at the 94:scholar 1103:  1087:  950:  925:  900:  875:  675:NAIBER 595:reggae 554:Keynes 420:Author 341:Career 331:Master 251:· 249:  243:· 241:  96:  89:  82:  75:  67:  552:, by 253: 245: 195:Field 101:JSTOR 87:books 32:This 1101:ISBN 1085:ISBN 948:ISBN 923:ISBN 898:ISBN 873:ISBN 818:2018 646:vs. 589:, a 153:Born 73:news 599:dub 536:of 41:to 1655:: 1049:^ 1034:^ 1011:, 994:^ 942:, 917:, 892:, 840:, 807:. 721:^ 690:^ 628:. 503:: 370:. 362:, 354:, 285:. 277:, 205:, 201:, 161:) 1161:e 1154:t 1147:v 820:. 597:- 157:( 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 98:· 91:· 84:· 77:· 46:.

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"Bill Mitchell" economist
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Glen Huntly
Modern Monetary Theory
political economy
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Modern Monetary Theory
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Michael Kalecki
Arthur Okun
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University of Newcastle
New South Wales
Modern Monetary Theory
Glen Huntly
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