953:, created by the Japanese in World War II, has the longest and widest runway in Palau (1,850 metres (6,070 ft)), but was used only by small chartered aircraft after Palau's domestic flights were discontinued in late 2005. The landing strip was built during the Japanese era and originally consisted of a 6,600-foot runway oriented SW to NE with a smaller perpendicular runway intersecting the main run way about 2,200 feet from the SW. Additional taxiways connected the runways to airport facilities located to the north of the runways. The landing strips were unimproved, but still served for the daily flight from the Airai airport by a single engine plane. A third landing strip was built on Ngedbus Island, just north of Beliliou, during the Japanese administration. It was abandoned after the Battle of Peleliu and today is overgrown with a coconut plantation. In any event, in mid-2024 after months of work, U.S. Marine engineers reactivated the Peleliu airfield to enhance US military capability in the Pacific region.
1088:
414:, is a raised platform coralline island with an area of 16.98 km (6.56 sq mi). Located at the southern tip of the lagoon which encircles the main group of islands, Beliliou is surrounded by a thick fringe of mangrove forest comprising more than a quarter of its total area. On the island's west side is a steep spine named Bloody Nose Ridge during the Battle for Peleliu in World War II - rising to an elevation of 75 metres (246 ft). A second raised area, Rois ra Sang and Roischemiangel, rises to elevations of just over 50 m at the northern tip of the island. The rest of the island generally lies below 10 metres (33 ft) in elevation. Along this ridge, jagged spires of coralline limestone jut skyward in a tangled maze.
1754:
433:. As many as 10,000 Japanese defenders dug into the natural caves and fissures of the coralline limestone formations, reinforcing these positions with concrete bunkers. So well established were the Japanese defenders that they withstood a massive naval bombardment and met the American invasion force at nearly full strength on September 5, 1944. The Battle of Peleliu, which proved in hindsight to be a costly miscalculation by the Americans, dragged on for weeks of bitter fighting at a terrible cost of lives.
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Bloody Nose Ridge. Most of the surface remains of the traditional villages have been obliterated. However, the locations of the villages and the locations of features within the villages, including odesongel, are known and preserved in the oral tradition. These traditional features are important symbols giving identity to families, clans and regions.
1284:, the republic's capital, by speedboat, a wave-tossing, rear-slapping 45 minutes, and arrived to discover it was election day, with five candidates running for governor. Although Peleliu claims a population of 2,000 people, only 400 actually live there. More registered voters live in Koror than on their home island, and 800 send votes from
425:. With the exception of Ngercheu, the rest of the islands in the state are low, flat islands with large areas of sandy deposits covered by coconut or Casuarina forests. Ngercheu, located in the northern part of the state, has a typical rock island profile with steep cliffs of uplifted reef covered by a rock island forest.
375:. In 1947, two and a half years after Japanese surrender, there were over 30 Japanese still hiding in caves, believing the war was not over. The Americans sent a senior Japanese military official into the caves and convinced them to surrender. The last Japanese survivor, Keiji Nagai, died in 2019.
359:
The ruins of many of the military installations of the era, such as the airstrip, are still intact, and shipwrecks from the battle remain visible underwater just off the coast. There are war memorials on the island to both the
American and the Japanese dead. Peleliu and Angaur were the only islands
264:
Beliliou was traditionally divided into five villages. Teliu is located on the southwest coast bordered on the north by
Ngerkeiukl on the west coast, Ngesias in the central portion of the island, and Ngerdelolk on the east coast. Ngerchol occupies the northern part of the island on the west side of
428:
The geography of
Beliliou has been dramatically reshaped by the events of World War II. In preparation for the anticipated American invasion, the Japanese defenders transformed Beliliou into a defensive fortress. The build up, which was underway by 1943, began with the evacuation of Palauans from
268:
The lagoon and adjacent rock islands are important resource areas, and probably were intensively exploited prehistorically. Important resources include many different species of trees and other plants and many different species of fish and shellfish. On the islands, traditional gardens would have
355:
which maximized casualties on the attacking force. On both sides involved in the fighting there were high losses with more than 2,000 Americans and 10,000 Japanese killed, but, remarkably, there were no casualties among the local civilians because they were evacuated from the fighting to other
797:
As at Angaur, phosphate mining in the Bloody Nose Ridge area of
Beliliou began during the German administration and continued into the Japanese administration. The phosphate was loaded onto ships at a small harbor facility located at the northern tip of the island.
436:
Most of the land use in
Beliliou today is for private gardens located in and around residential areas. There are no commercial enterprises active today, and municipal use is limited to a few small facilities. A large coconut plantation is on Ngedbus Island.
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A regular boat service connects the island twice a week to Koror and Angaur. Travel time by boat from Koror is over an hour. The small harbor in the far north of the island is shallow and suitable only for yachts with shallow draft.
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in 1944. The battle for the island was particularly brutal because by this time the
Japanese military had evolved island defense tactics with strong fortifications in the island's caves and rock formations within the
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Patterson, Carolyn
Bennett, et al. "At the Birth of Nations: In the Far Pacific." National Geographic Magazine, October 1986 page 493. National Geographic Virtual Library, Accessed 17 May 2018.
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410:, Belualasmau, Ruruid, Ngebad, Ngurungor, Ngesuall, and several islets. The total area for the state is approximately 19.52 km (7.54 sq mi). Beliliou Island, like
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Palau became independent in 1978, and
Peleliu was organized as a state within the new republic. In August 2014, Peleliu hosted the "leader's retreat" at the
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As of 2000, its population was about 571, making it the third most populous state of Palau. Most of the island's population lives in the village of
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in the Palau archipelago to be occupied by the
Americans during the war. The capital of Koror remained in Japanese hands to the end of the war.
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The sandflats, mangroves, seagrass beds and islets just off the northern end of
Peleliu provide feeding and roosting habitat for various
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1510:. Anthropology research series / Division of Cultural Affairs, Republic of Palau 2. San Francisco: U.S. National Park Service.
1145:. Anthropology research series / Division of Cultural Affairs, Republic of Palau 2. San Francisco: U.S. National Park Service.
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The population of the state was 484 in the 2015 census and median age was 34.5 years. The official languages of the state are
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938:. The state also has a legislature elected every three years. The state population elects one of the members of the
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292:("The Reefs" in Spanish). In November and December 1710 these three islands were again visited and explored by the
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Peleliu Elementary School opened in 1946, and had its second building open in 1966, with the first still in use.
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Today, the major concentration of people live in Kloulklubed near the northern tip of the island.
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been located in areas where sufficient soil had accumulated in low lying pockets and marshes.
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The state of Peleliu has an elected chief executive with a 3-year term length, known as the
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307:. Two years later they were explored in detail by the expedition of Spanish naval officer
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on the northwestern coast. Including the capital, there are a total of four villages:
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is the country's only public high school, so children from this community go there.
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species, as well as being home to megapodes. The site is an IBA for the megapodes,
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244:. Peleliu, along with two small islands to its northeast, forms one of the sixteen
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Peleliu is approximately 10 kilometres (5.4 nmi) northeast of the island of
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1227:"2015 Census of Population, Housing and Agriculture for the Republic of Palau"
406:. The state of Beliliou includes the islands of Beliliou, Ngedbus, Olngeuaol,
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1280:, often hand to hand, in the autumn of 1944. Pat and I went to Peleliu from
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A chronological history of the discoveries in the South Sea or Pacific Ocean
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because it supports populations of most of Palau's endemic birds, including
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The main road lies on the west side of Bloody Nose Ridge and extends from
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to the landing strip. Secondary roads extend to all parts of the island.
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Much of Beliliou is covered by a limestone island forest with stands of
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942:. Obak is the title of the traditional high chief from the state.
1540:
1462:." Ministry of Education (Palau). Retrieved on February 22, 2018.
1428:
1404:
1383:"US Military reactivates World War 2 era airfield in the Pacific"
1139:
Snyder, David.; Adams, William Hampton; Butler, Brian M. (1997).
390:
301:
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National Historic Landmarks of the United States by insular area
1504:
Snyder, David; Adams, William Hampton; Butler, Brian M. (1997).
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382:, featuring representatives from the forum's 15 member states.
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Honorary Consulate of the Republic of Palau to the UK & NI
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and 40 kilometres (22 nmi) southwest of the island of
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World War II on the National Register of Historic Places
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Peleliu National Historical Park Study Preliminary Draft
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at the end of January 1543. They were then charted as
1288:. The situation is similar in Palau's other states."
363:
Peleliu was formally placed under the control of the
1734:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1184:"End of an era with death of last Peleliu survivor"
1536:Photos of WW2-era relics and equipment on Peleliu
1503:
1138:
483:(southernmost, in the central part of the island)
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1705:US National Register of Historic Places in Palau
248:. The island is notable as the location of the
1507:Archaeology and historic preservation in Palau
1142:Archaeology and historic preservation in Palau
1880:National Register of Historic Places in Palau
1689:
1561:
1168:Coello, Francisco "Conflicto hispano-alemán"
501:The state consists of the following islands:
1910:Important Bird Areas of the Caroline Islands
1839:
1696:
1682:
1568:
1554:
315:, Spain sold Palau (including Peleliu) to
1172:, t.XIX. 2º semestre 1885, Madrid, p.296.
1060:The entire island has been listed on the
991:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1216:– Palau PIF. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
1170:Boletín de Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid
1086:
805:
389:
334:was a major battle between units of the
1246:
822:
496:
240:) is an island in the island nation of
14:
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1429:"National Register Information System"
1405:"National Register Information System"
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373:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
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1181:
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1120:
1118:
351:(Bloody Nose Ridge), which enabled a
1434:National Register of Historic Places
1410:National Register of Historic Places
1317:
1250:Encyclopedia of the Developing World
1236:. Office of Planning and Statistics.
1062:National Register of Historic Places
394:Peleliu World War II Memorial Museum
1575:
1325:"Northern Peleliu Lkes (sandflats)"
929:
24:
1351:"State/National Election Schedule"
1291:
1278:less than three months of fighting
1115:
827:The island has been designated an
300:Francisco Padilla on board of the
280:recorded by Westerners was by the
25:
1921:
1514:
1486:. Retrieved on February 22, 2018.
1369:"Council of Chiefs – PalauGov.pw"
1068:, and has been designated a U.S.
1848:
1838:
1829:
1828:
1759:
1752:
1498: This article incorporates
1493:
1091:A church in the state of Peleliu
371:auspices in 1947 as part of the
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81:
64:
49:
1445:
1421:
1397:
1375:
1361:
1343:
1000:U.S. National Historic Landmark
208: • Official languages
1331:. BirdLife International. 2021
1305:. BirdLife International. 2021
1267:
1240:
1219:
1200:
1175:
1162:
1149:
1039:
814:are important for Micronesian
801:
311:. Following its defeat in the
182:13 km (5 sq mi)
13:
1:
1905:Important Bird Areas of Palau
1182:Saeki, Kentaro (2019-12-04).
1108:
440:
1075:
972:United States historic place
945:
845:Micronesian imperial pigeons
792:
385:
87:Location of Peleliu in Palau
7:
1247:Leonard, Thomas M. (2006).
1159:, London, 1813, v.I, p.233.
1025:7,680 acres (3,110 ha)
940:House of Delegates of Palau
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319:in 1899. Control passed to
272:First sighting of Peleliu,
10:
1926:
1770:National Historic Landmark
1070:National Historic Landmark
685:7.0212194°N 134.27242528°E
380:45th Pacific Islands Forum
336:United States Marine Corps
259:
1824:
1786:
1768:
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1453:Peleliu Elementary School
1355:Palau Election Commission
1084:operates public schools.
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1038:NRHP reference
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775:7.0652694°N 134.2824306°E
730:7.0633111°N 134.2739278°E
640:7.0566444°N 134.2599833°E
595:7.0926417°N 134.2780889°E
550:7.0124028°N 134.2503444°E
421:forest along sandy beach
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1253:. Taylor & Francis.
296:expedition commanded by
1385:. Audacy, June 29, 2024
690:7.0212194; 134.27242528
286:Ruy López de Villalobos
1724:Keeper of the Register
1500:public domain material
1092:
833:BirdLife International
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780:7.0652694; 134.2824306
735:7.0633111; 134.2739278
645:7.0566444; 134.2599833
600:7.0926417; 134.2780889
555:7.0124028; 134.2503444
395:
344:Imperial Japanese Army
1739:National Park Service
1719:Contributing property
1439:National Park Service
1415:National Park Service
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1082:Ministry of Education
897:Micronesian starlings
865:Micronesian myzomelas
837:Micronesian megapodes
809:
393:
203:37/km (96/sq mi)
55:Orange Beach, Peleliu
924:grey-tailed tattlers
823:Important Bird Areas
497:Islands of the state
349:Umurbrogol Mountains
313:Spanish–American War
200: • Density
1801:Ked Ra Ngchemiangel
1788:Historic properties
1778:Peleliu Battlefield
1066:Peleliu Battlefield
983:Peleliu Battlefield
968:Peleliu Battlefield
908:Far Eastern curlews
829:Important Bird Area
771: /
726: /
681: /
636: /
591: /
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460:which is the state
108: /
1478:2018-03-03 at the
1458:2017-10-05 at the
1357:. 5 November 2020.
1329:BirdLife Data Zone
1303:BirdLife Data Zone
1212:2015-01-21 at the
1207:Calendar of Events
1093:
893:citrine white-eyes
841:Palau ground doves
820:
513:Population (2000)
396:
356:islands of Palau.
340:United States Army
305:Santísima Trinidad
294:Spanish missionary
282:Spanish expedition
192: • Total
179: • Total
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1861:
1729:Historic district
1671:
1670:
1484:Palau High School
1441:. March 13, 2009.
1099:Palau High School
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1057:
920:red-necked stints
849:Palau fruit doves
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789:
332:Battle of Peleliu
250:Battle of Peleliu
231:
230:
112:7.000°N 134.250°E
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1155:Burney, James
1148:
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1107:
1077:
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986:
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873:Palau fantails
824:
821:
803:
800:
794:
791:
788:
787:
766:134°16′56.75″E
755:
752:
749:
743:
742:
721:134°16′26.14″E
710:
707:
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698:
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665:
662:
659:
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652:
631:134°15′35.94″E
620:
617:
614:
608:
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586:134°16′41.12″E
575:
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569:
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541:134°15′01.24″E
530:
527:
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498:
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489:(northernmost)
484:
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369:United Nations
298:Sargento Mayor
261:
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117:7.000; 134.250
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27:State in Palau
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763:07°03′54.97″N
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747:Murphy Island
745:
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718:07°03′47.92″N
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365:United States
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290:Los Arrecifes
287:
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223:ISO 3166 code
220:
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168:Emais Roberts
166:
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161: •
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93:Coordinates:
91:
84:
79:
72:
67:
59:
52:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1796:Bai Ra Irrai
1777:
1657:
1638:Ngaremlengui
1506:
1492:
1467:
1447:
1432:
1423:
1408:
1399:
1389:September 8,
1387:. Retrieved
1377:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1328:
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1302:
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1221:
1202:
1191:. Retrieved
1187:
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869:morningbirds
826:
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516:Coordinates
500:
492:
455:
444:
435:
429:Beliliou to
427:
416:
397:
377:
362:
358:
342:against the
328:World War II
325:
304:
289:
271:
267:
263:
254:World War II
237:
233:
232:
1854:NRHP portal
1628:Ngarchelong
962:Kloulklubed
916:great knots
877:flycatchers
861:kingfishers
802:Environment
778: /
733: /
688: /
643: /
598: /
553: /
477:(northeast)
471:(northwest)
469:Kloulklubed
458:Kloulklubed
150:Kloulklubed
115: /
1869:Categories
1816:Ongeluluul
1811:Odalmelech
1193:2023-07-24
1109:References
510:Area (km)
481:Lademisang
441:Demography
187:Population
156:Government
1603:Hatohobei
1299:"Peleliu"
1188:NHK WORLD
1076:Education
1014:Peleliu,
946:Transport
853:swiftlets
831:(IBA) by
816:megapodes
793:Phosphate
657:Ngurungor
487:Ongeuidel
475:Imelechol
431:Babeldaob
419:Casuarina
386:Geography
323:in 1914.
274:Babeldaob
1834:Category
1663:Sonsorol
1648:Ngchesar
1643:Ngatpang
1633:Ngardmau
1623:Ngaraard
1618:Melekeok
1608:Kayangel
1588:Aimeliik
1476:Archived
1456:Archived
1210:Archived
1045:85001754
1011:Location
936:governor
702:Kongauru
612:Ngesebus
567:Ngercheu
408:Ngercheu
238:Beliliou
163:Governor
103:134°15′E
18:Bililiou
1875:Peleliu
1658:Peleliu
1335:6 March
1309:5 March
1064:as the
522:Peleliu
507:Island
462:capital
451:English
447:Palauan
326:During
317:Germany
302:patache
260:History
234:Peleliu
216:English
212:Palauan
146:Capital
128:Country
34:Peleliu
1712:Topics
1653:Ngiwal
1598:Angaur
1257:
922:, and
895:, and
412:Angaur
400:Angaur
367:under
330:, the
276:, and
227:PW-228
137:
1613:Koror
1593:Airai
1502:from
1473:About
1282:Koror
1230:(PDF)
1103:Koror
1030:Built
1016:Palau
904:wader
889:dusky
885:giant
810:Both
751:0.02
706:0.34
661:0.54
616:0.95
571:0.93
526:12.8
423:berms
404:Koror
321:Japan
278:Koror
242:Palau
140:Palau
100:7°0′N
42:State
1844:List
1391:2024
1337:2021
1311:2021
1286:Guam
1255:ISBN
1080:The
1033:1944
1022:Area
891:and
879:and
859:and
857:owls
812:IBAs
529:571
449:and
338:and
236:(or
174:Area
71:Flag
1482:."
1101:in
1040:No.
284:of
252:in
195:484
1871::
1437:.
1431:.
1413:.
1407:.
1353:.
1327:.
1301:.
1232:.
1186:.
1117:^
1072:.
926:.
918:,
914:,
910:,
899:.
887:,
883:,
875:,
871:,
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863:,
855:,
851:,
847:,
843:,
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709:0
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256:.
1697:e
1690:t
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1451:"
1393:.
1371:.
1339:.
1313:.
1263:.
1196:.
818:.
20:)
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