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beggars and unqualified people, to work for him as he felt it would encourage these employees to improve themselves and raise themselves up to a higher standard. Each house had three to five rooms. There was a school in
Bessbrook, the pupils of which seemed to be clean, intelligent and eager to learn. This school was funded by the parents who gave one penny to send their child there and by Bessbrook Spinning Co. who gave ÂŁ100 to supplement government funding. There was a dispensary in the town and the workers subscribed to a medical club which was supplemented by donations from Bessbrook Spinning Co. which supported a doctor. There was a Temperance Hotel which acted as a social centre where English and Irish Newspapers could be bought, draughts and chess could be played, and people could indulge in smoking. The town boasted a Co-Operative store, a refreshment hall for travelling workers, a farm supplying milk, as well as allotments.
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455:(PSNI) station until its closure in June 2012. Richardson did not at first have any confirmed ideas about the benefits of abstinence from alcohol but in the first years following setting up Bessbrook he saw the damage alcohol was doing to his employees and his business. Most of the Bessbrook population supported this policy and in the 1870’s when a poll was taken the majority of the town confirmed their wish that the town would remain free of public houses and alcohol. In 1885 the hydro-electrically powered
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424:, England. The model village of Bessbrook, provided a model for George Cadburys “Bournville”, the famous model village in England and predates this development by more than 30 years. The founder of Bessbrook, John G. Richardson, was a Quaker and was likely aware of other quakers such as the Malcomson Family who set up
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Following James N. Richardson III taking over from his father, John G. Richardson, withdrawing from management of the business, John G. Richardson busied himself with other projects which promoted schemes that would improve the life of the People in
Bessbrook. These projects included the town hall,
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By the mid-1840s, when
Bessbrook was set up as a model village it was not uncommon for Ulster workers to have housing built for them by factory owners, and Bessbrook was no different. John G. Richardson built housing for his workers and had a policy to bring poor people in, these people were often
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for the growing of vegetables, and the area of the village where they were situated is still known as 'The
Gardens', although the allotments themselves have been replaced by further housing. Most of the buildings in the village are constructed of granite, which is abundant locally.
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in 1998, has led to some recovery for the village. Traffic restrictions have been relaxed and the visible security presence has been reduced. It has been confirmed that the local police station will be disposed of within the current financial year, one of 26 stations that the
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landing area was established to supply other military outposts in the area since road-borne movements of troops and supplies were vulnerable to landmine attack. At one stage the little village was reportedly the busiest helicopter airport in Europe.
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denominations. The
Richardsons sometimes faced criticism that they did not employ enough Roman Catholics, however half of the employees of the linen company were Catholic. John G. Richardson facilitated the worship of Roman Catholic,
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Richardson family. In the 18th and 19th centuries the linen industry was a significant contributor to the wealth of Quaker families in Ulster. As a social experiment it is similar to the model of the better-known
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15.84% indicated that they had a
British national identity, 60.86% had an Irish national identity and 23.24% had a Northern Irish national identity. Respondents could select more than one national identity.
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18.58% indicated that they had a
British national identity, 51.35% had an Irish national identity and 31.13% had a Northern Irish national identity. Respondents could select more than one national identity.
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has announced will be closing due to cost efficiency measures. On 25 June 2007 the
British Army withdrew their military presence from Bessbrook and closed all of their facilities, marking an end to
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and with eighteen, (60 ft) twenty metre high arches, spanning about quarter of a mile (500 m), it was for a long time the longest bridge in
Ireland. It is constructed from local granite.
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olice. It was John Grubb
Richardson's belief that without a public house there would be no need for a pawn brokers or police station. To this day there are no
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which provided a library and a room which facilitated lectures and meetings. These projects were largely funded from John G. Richardson’s personal wealth.
365:. The model village of Bessbrook, County Armagh is a visible memorial to the commercial endeavours of the Richardson family over a number of generations.
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houses were constructed for the mill workers, many of which were of such good quality that they are still inhabited today. Each house also had an
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property open to the public, is nearby. It is an 18th-century thatched house set in over 100 acres (0.40 km) of parkland and woodland. The
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80.01% were from a Catholic background and 14.42% were from a 'Protestant and Other Christian (including Christian related)' background.
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79.56% were from a Catholic background and 18.00% were from a 'Protestant and Other Christian (including Christian related)' background
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meeting house. This is set in the demesne of The Woodhouse, which was inhabited by the Richardson family until the 1980s, and of
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In the frequently segregated communities of Northern Ireland, Bessbrook is an unusually mixed village, with representation of
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business in the district from 1806 until 1845. The 'brook' is a stream which runs through the outskirts of the village.
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Bessbrook is named from Elizabeth or Bess Nicholson, wife of Joseph Nicholson whose family had carried on a
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Among the principles on which the village was based was a philosophy of "Three P's": there should be no
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was among the finest in the world, and the linen mill provided most of the employment in the village.
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839:(1813–1891) – linen merchant, industrialist and philanthropist who founded the village
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On Census day (21 March 2021) there were 2,892 people living in Bessbrook. Of these:
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On Census day (27 March 2011) there were 2,750 people living in Bessbrook. Of these:
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in the village. Nor are there any pawn shops, although there was a
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22.91% were aged under 16 years and 14.76% were aged 65 and over
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Bessbrook is classified as an Intermediate Settlement by the
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1117:"Census 2011 Population Statistics for Bessbrook Settlement"
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During the late 20th century some of the worst violence of "
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of Maghernahely, Clogharevan and Maytown. Bessbrook is near
614:, known locally as the Eighteen Arches, built in 1851. The
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50.58% of the population were male and 49.42% were female
648:(NISRA), i.e. with a population between 2,500 and 4,999.
814:– Unionist politician and former Deputy Speaker of the
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was drafted in the drawing room of the house in 1800.
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The end of the Troubles, following the signing of the
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353:. Today the village of Bessbrook straddles the three
1003:"On This Day: Ten Dead in Northern Ireland Ambush"
532:MP. The area has been designated a historic park.
380:. The small village became the busiest (military)
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920:. Dublin: Original Writing Ltd. pp. 13–18.
1121:Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
1088:Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
646:Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
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471:An old drawing of Richardson's Mill, Bessbrook
372:" took place near the village and it became a
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706:and St. Peter's Primary School, Cloughreagh.
945:. Cork: Cork University Press. p. 273.
570:Nine of the ten Protestants murdered by the
554:Bessbrook saw much of the worst violence in
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748:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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16:Village in County Armagh, Northern Ireland
768:Learn how and when to remove this message
341:and near the Newry bypass on the main A1
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443:awn shops, and consequently no need for
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558:. The linen mill was converted by the
361:. It had a population of 2,892 at the
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1218:"National Identity (Northern Irish)"
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21:Human settlement in Northern Ireland
1241:NI Conflict Archive on the Internet
1055:"Last troops pull out of Bessbrook"
606:On the outskirts of the village is
463:Infrastructure in the model village
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943:Atlas of the Irish rural landscape
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786:Member of the Legislative Assembly
588:Police Service of Northern Ireland
453:Police Service of Northern Ireland
51:Bessbrook from the east, with the
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1029:"Police stations which may close"
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572:Provisional Irish Republican Army
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1168:"National Identity (British)"
976:. p. 147. Archived from
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1827:WikiProject Northern Ireland
918:The Richardsons of Bessbrook
694:Schools in the area include
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416:company town founded by the
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1193:"National Identity (Irish)"
700:St. Joseph's Primary School
620:Dublin-Belfast railway line
457:Bessbrook and Newry Tramway
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916:Harrison, Richard (2008).
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807:Independent Labour Party
696:Bessbrook Primary School
1837:Northern Ireland Portal
941:Aalen, F. H. A (2011).
475:At one time, Bessbrook
704:St. Paul's High School
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206:Postcode district
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1842:United Kingdom Portal
1666:Mullavilly-Laurelvale
1090:(NISRA). March 2015.
837:John Grubb Richardson
583:Good Friday Agreement
578:were from Bessbrook.
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401:John Grubb Richardson
359:Newry railway station
144:Newry,Mourne and Down
130:39 miles (63 km)
974:The Planning Service
860:Bessbrook/An Sruthán
803:Samuel George Hobson
742:improve this section
305:54.19589°N 6.39433°W
186:Sovereign state
1832:WikiProject Ireland
1742:Derrywarragh Island
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618:still carries the
602:Places of interest
576:Kingsmill massacre
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1737:Coney Island
1696:Silverbridge
1661:Mullaghglass
1656:Mullaghbrack
1561:Jonesborough
1436:Carrickaness
1415:
1291:
1225:. Retrieved
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1200:. Retrieved
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1175:. Retrieved
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1111:
1099:. Retrieved
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1049:
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1023:
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997:
985:. Retrieved
978:the original
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886:. Retrieved
882:
821:Conor McGinn
764:
755:
740:Please help
728:
693:
677:
655:
643:
634:Act of Union
624:
605:
596:South Armagh
580:
569:
560:British Army
556:the Troubles
553:
544:The Troubles
538:
534:
514:sectarianism
510:Episcopalian
501:Presbyterian
490:
474:
444:
440:
436:
434:
398:
391:
370:the Troubles
367:
330:
322:
321:
18:
1809:Orior Upper
1804:Orior Lower
1711:Tullynawood
1706:The Birches
1701:Tartaraghan
1651:Mullaghbawn
1646:Mountnorris
1531:Drumnacanvy
1521:Derrytrasna
1511:Derrymacash
1476:Crossmaglen
1461:Corrinshego
1456:Collegeland
1401:Ballymacnab
1013:4 September
758:August 2022
674:2021 Census
652:2011 Census
530:Isaac Corry
384:in Europe.
363:2021 Census
308: /
222:028, +44 28
100:2021 Census
96:2,892
1862:Categories
1789:Fews Upper
1784:Fews Lower
1752:Lough Clea
1721:Whitecross
1681:Poyntzpass
1631:Middletown
1621:Markethill
1606:Loughgilly
1516:Derrynoose
1486:Cullyhanna
1481:Cullaville
1441:Charlemont
1396:Ballydugan
1391:Aughanduff
1376:Annaghmore
1371:Aghacommon
844:References
798:footballer
640:Demography
564:helicopter
422:Birmingham
414:Bournville
331:An Sruthán
293:54°11′45″N
93:Population
36:An Sruthán
1730:Landforms
1601:Loughgall
1596:Lisnadill
1551:Granemore
1541:Edenaveys
1536:Drumintee
1506:Derryhale
1501:Derrycrew
1466:Creeveroe
1446:Cladymore
1426:Broomhill
1416:Bessbrook
1358:townlands
1336:Tandragee
1331:Portadown
1315:Craigavon
1227:18 August
1202:18 August
1177:18 August
1152:18 August
888:18 August
784:– former
729:does not
690:Education
497:Methodist
355:townlands
349:road and
323:Bessbrook
296:6°23′40″W
196:Post town
27:Bessbrook
1771:Baronies
1686:Richhill
1641:Millvale
1636:Millford
1581:Killylea
1496:Derryadd
1451:Clonmore
1431:Camlough
1411:Belleeks
1406:Bannfoot
1381:Annahugh
1354:Villages
1092:Archived
1065:8 August
1039:8 August
987:8 August
598:region.
493:Anglican
481:Tenement
459:opened.
382:heliport
378:garrison
374:military
136:District
1814:Tiranny
1616:Maghery
1586:Kilmore
1576:Killeen
1546:Forkill
1491:Darkley
1471:Creggan
1386:Ardress
1123:(NISRA)
750:removed
735:sources
616:viaduct
594:in the
574:in the
426:Portlaw
388:History
343:Belfast
172:Country
126:Belfast
124:•
116:J048287
1779:Armagh
1611:Madden
1591:Lislea
1571:Kernan
1526:Dorsey
1327:(part)
1320:Lurgan
1310:Armagh
949:
924:
825:Labour
518:Quaker
409:Quaker
347:Dublin
282:Armagh
154:County
1716:Tynan
1626:Meigh
1566:Keady
1366:Acton
1325:Newry
1222:NISRA
1197:NISRA
1172:NISRA
1147:NISRA
1127:4 May
1101:4 May
1095:(PDF)
1084:(PDF)
981:(PDF)
970:(PDF)
883:NISRA
795:Irish
477:linen
420:near
394:linen
339:Newry
327:Irish
200:NEWRY
32:Irish
1356:and
1229:2023
1204:2023
1179:2023
1154:2023
1129:2021
1103:2021
1067:2009
1041:2009
1015:2019
989:2009
947:ISBN
922:ISBN
890:2023
830:and
733:any
731:cite
628:, a
503:and
211:BT35
744:by
610:'s
428:in
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1005:.
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898:^
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870:^
862:,
852:^
828:MP
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702:,
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495:,
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272:UK
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445:p
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325:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
