673:
724:
4094:
4668:
883:
271:
4659:
750:
253:
530:
1206:
4101:
898:
1054:
1066:
58:
955:
973:("conde de Gálvez") and Viscount of Gálvez-Town ("vizconde de Gálvez-Town") by Carlos III on May 20, 1783. He returned to the Indies in October of the following year to assume his new office. Shortly after he arrived in Havana, his father, Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo (then the viceroy of New Spain), died in November, and Bernardo de Gálvez was appointed to fill the position. He arrived in
1045:(Instructions for Governing the Interior Provinces of New Spain, 1786), the latter of which remained in effect until the colonial period ended. In his "Instructions", Gálvez advocated a policy of selling the Indians rifles and trade goods to make them dependent on the Spanish government, and sanctioned war against the Apache if these inducements failed to pacify them.
909:
Gálvez received many honors from Spain for his military victories against the
British, including promotion to lieutenant general and field marshal, governor and captain general of Louisiana and Florida (now separated from Cuba), and the command of the Spanish expeditionary army in America, and titles
1382:
Los
Virreyes de nueva España en el reinado de Carlos III.: Martín de Mayorga (1779–1783), por J. J. Real Díaz y A. M. Heredia Herrera. Matías de Gálvez (1783–1784), por M. Rodríguez del Valle y A. Conejo Díez de la Cortina. Bernardo de Gálvez (1785–1786), por Ma. del Carmen Galbis Díez. Alonso Núnez
1171:
on Gálvez, citing him as a "hero of the
Revolutionary War who risked his life for the freedom of the United States people and provided supplies, intelligence, and strong military support to the war effort." In 2019, the Spanish Government placed a 32-inch-tall (80 cm) statue of Galvez in front
1025:
After the typhus epidemic of 1786 had abated in early autumn, Bernardo de Gálvez apparently became one of its last victims, and was confined to his bed. On 8 November 1786, he turned over all his governmental duties except the captain generalship to the
Audiencia. On 30 November 1786, Galvez died at
984:
During his administration two great calamities occurred: the freeze of
September 1785, which led to famine in 1786, and a typhus epidemic that killed 300,000 people the same year. During the famine, Gálvez donated 12,000 pesos of his inheritance and 100,000 pesos he raised from other sources to buy
921:
The
American Revolutionary War ended while de Gálvez was preparing a new campaign to take Jamaica. From the American perspective, Gálvez's campaign denied the British the opportunity of encircling the American rebels from the south and kept open a vital conduit for supplies. He also assisted the
3119:
the year of hunger (Florescano and Swan, 1995; Therrell, 2005). Two to three years of drought and an early fall frost in 1785 again appear to have led to crop failure and famine in 1786 (Therrell, 2005; Therrell et al., 2006). An estimated 300,000 people died during El Ano de Hambre due to both
793:
to pay expenses. As an unfortunate twist of fate for
Campbell, upon which his whole career was decided, the secret communication fell into the hands of Gálvez. After reading the communication from King George III and Germain, Gálvez, as Governor of Louisiana, swiftly and secretly mobilized the
1176:—the replica of which was painted by Spanish artist Carlos Monserrate—was unveiled December 9, 2014, in Senate Foreign Relations Committee room (S-116 of the United States Capitol Building). This act fulfilled the May 9, 1783, resolution to display such a portrait of de Gálvez in Congress.
3120:
famine and an outbreak of epidemic typhus in 1785–1787 (Cooper, 1965; Burns et al., 2014). The MXDA indicates that drought conditions were most serious during the two-year period from 1785 to 1786 when drought extended over most of Mexico, most severely over central and northeastern Mexico
1145:(present-day state capital), Galvez Plaza is laid out next to City Hall and used frequently as a site for municipal events. Also, the 13-story Galvez Building is part of the state government's administrative office-building complex in the Capitol Park section of downtown Baton Rouge.
781:. Campbell was instructed that it was the object of greatest importance to organize an attack upon New Orleans. If Campbell thought it was possible to reduce the Spanish fort at New Orleans, he was ordered to make preparations immediately. These included securing from
700:
with instructions to secure the friendship of the United States. On 20 February 1777, the
Spanish king's ministers in Madrid secretly instructed Gálvez to sell the Americans desperately needed supplies. The British had blockaded the colonial ports of the
438:
While somewhat forgotten in the United States, Gálvez remains in high esteem among many
Americans, particularly in the southern and western states that once formed part of Spain's North American territory. Gálvez Day is celebrated as a local holiday in
2461:
Again, in
November 1780, Germain informed Campbell that it was "the King's Wish" that Governor Dalling, Vice-Admiral Parker and he collaborate in an attack on New Orleans. General Campbell was to do all in his power to render the attack
3082:
David W. Stahle; Edward R. Cook; Dorian J. Burnette; Jose Villanueva; Julian Cerano; Jordan N. Burns; Daniel Griffin; Benjamin I. Cook; Rodolfo Acuna; Max C.A. Torbenson; Paul Sjezner; Ian M. Howard (1 October 2016).
1317:
2049:
Estableció el libre tráfico de Nueva Orleáns con Cuba y Yucatán y fomentó la colonización de Nueva Iberia." (English): "He established New Orleans' free trade with Cuba and Yucatán and promoted the colonization of
737:
showed up in New Orleans with booty and several captured British ships taken as prizes, Gálvez refused to turn the Americans over to the British. In 1779, Spanish forces commanded by Gálvez seized the province of
1449:. Andalucia y America en el siglo XVIII: actas de las IV Jornadas de Andalucia y America (Universidad de Santa María de la Rábida, marzo, 1984) (in Spanish). Seville: Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. p. 122.
627:
As governor, Gálvez enacted an anti-British policy, taking measures against British smuggling and promoting trade with France. He damaged British interests in the region and kept it open for supplies to reach
918:. However, his insignia was different from the Knight's Cross Order of Charles III; on his, the medallion was connected to the ribbon by a crown device, whereas the Knight's Cross was connected via a wreath.
691:
decided that covert assistance to the United States would be strategically useful, but Spain did not enter into a formal alliance with the U.S. In 1777, José de Gálvez, newly appointed as minister of the
427:, finally doing so in 2014. He was granted many titles and honors by the Spanish government, which in 1783 appointed him viceroy of one of its most valuable territories, New Spain, succeeding his father
789:
could spare, gathering all forces in the province that could be assembled, recruiting as many loyal Indians as the Superintendent could provide, and drawing on His Majesty's Treasury through the
408:
since the age of 16, Gálvez was a veteran of several wars across Europe, the Americas, and North Africa. While governor of Louisiana, he supported the colonists and their French allies in the
4831:
992:. He also ordered the construction of the towers of the cathedral and paving of the streets, as well as the installation of streetlights in Mexico City. He continued work on the highway to
969:
In 1783, Bernardo de Gálvez was ennobled to the rank of count, promoted to lieutenant-general of the army, and appointed governor and captain-general of Cuba. He was given the titles
3761:
423:
Gálvez's actions aided the American war effort and made him a hero to both Spain and the newly independent United States. The U.S. Congress endeavored to hang his portrait in the
4138:
4329:
4241:
2181:
Journals of the Continental Congress 1774–1789, Edited from the original records in the Library of Congress by Gaillard Hunt, Volume XIV, 1778, September 2 - December 31
4732:
4466:
4226:
4182:
2741:
Journals of the Continental Congress 1774-1789, Edited from the original records in the Library of Congress by Gaillard Hunt, Volume XXIV, 1783, January 1 - August 29
4563:
4236:
1759:
746:, from the British. Spain's motive was the chance both to recover territories lost to the British, particularly Florida, and to remove the ongoing British threat.
4378:
4816:
4275:
4128:
412:, helping facilitate vital supply lines and frustrate British operations in the Gulf Coast. Gálvez achieved several victories on the battlefield, most notably
4256:
996:, and took measures to reduce the abuse of Indian labor on the project. He dedicated 16% of the income from the lottery and other games of chance to charity.
930:
concerning the British in West Florida. For France and Spain, Gálvez's military success in the American war effort led to the inclusion of provisions in the
624:. This marriage to the daughter of a Frenchman won Gálvez the favor of the local Creole population. They had three children, Miguel, Matilde, and Guadalupe.
4461:
4211:
4305:
867:
without a shot being fired. However, Gálvez's was angry that the operation had proceeded against his orders and ordered the arrest and imprisonment of
720:
On October 31, 1778, the Continental Congress issued a resolution thanking de Gálvez for his "spirited and disinterested conduct towards these states".
4407:
2224:
Naval Documents of the American Revolution Volume 12, American Theater, April 1, 1778 – May 31, 1778; European Theater, April 1, 1778 – May 31, 1778
4633:
4412:
4201:
942:, to Spain. The treaty recognized the political independence of the former British colonies to the north, and its signing ended their war with the
4383:
4048:
769:
On 21 June 1779, Spain formally declared war on Great Britain. On 25 June, a letter from London, marked secret and confidential, went to General
558:
2987:
4811:
4667:
4471:
4285:
3703:"H.J.Res.105 - Conferring honorary citizenship of the United States on Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid, Viscount of Galveston and Count of Gálvez"
809:
in 1779. The Battle of Baton Rouge, on 21 September 1779, freed the lower Mississippi Valley of British forces and relieved the threat to the
4556:
4148:
1988:
4344:
4339:
3835:
Ritter, Luke. "The American Revolution on the Periphery of Empires: Don Bernardo de Gálvez & the Spanish-American Alliance, 1763–1783."
1447:
Urbanismo hispanoamericano en el sudeste de los EE.UU. (Luisiana y Florida). La obra del malagueño Bernardo de Gálvez y Gallardo (1746–1789)
4856:
4167:
3085:"The Mexican Drought Atlas: Tree-ring reconstructions of the soil moisture balance during the late pre-Hispanic, colonial, and modern eras"
4246:
4216:
4520:
4334:
4290:
897:
4525:
4118:
4628:
549:, France, where he served with the Royal Cantabria regiment, an elite Franco-Spanish unit, for three years. There, he learned to speak
4791:
4354:
1168:
4821:
4549:
4206:
1250:
1007:. This expedition of botanists and naturalists resulted in a comprehensive catalog, a collaborative work published in Spain as the
832:
Gálvez's most important military victory over the British forces occurred 8 May 1781, when he attacked and took by land and by sea
4359:
4349:
3278:
4801:
4572:
3645:
1000:
890:
On May 9, 1783, the Congressional Congress issued a resolution to display a portrait painting of de Gálvez which was obtained by
416:
and eliminating the British naval presence in the Gulf. This campaign led to the formal return of all of Florida to Spain in the
386:
330:
565:, where he was seriously wounded during the Spanish assault on the fortress that guarded the city. Afterward he was appointed a
4295:
1205:
1123:
778:
252:
4717:
4172:
4143:
3945:
3727:
John Kelly (July 17, 2019), "The Spaniard Who Helped Win the Revolutionary War Has a New Statue in D.C.," The Washington Post.
4505:
3686:
3628:
3601:
3574:
3547:
3520:
3493:
3466:
3315:
3288:
3242:
3209:
3173:
3146:
3066:
3039:
3012:
2963:
2938:
2911:
2884:
2855:
2828:
2792:
2765:
2697:
2646:
2619:
2592:
2565:
2396:
2360:
2333:
2306:
2259:
2232:
2205:
2163:
2133:
2106:
2077:
2042:
2015:
1960:
1930:
1872:
1818:
1742:
1682:
1655:
1582:
1528:
1408:
452:
914:. As evidenced by the insignia that he wore in most every official portrait painting of him, de Gálvez was also awarded the
879:, the commander of the expedition. Miranda later explained Gálvez's actions as stemming from jealousy of Cajigal's success.
3399:
1157:
717:, an American patriot, to ship gunpowder, muskets, uniforms, medicine, and other supplies to the American colonial rebels.
4613:
4603:
4593:
4437:
4041:
3988:
3940:
1425:
1380:
790:
491:
320:
118:
3374:
1925:. Louisiana Historical Association and Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Louisiana at Lafayette. p. 119.
4658:
4806:
3922:
3904:
3856:
3342:
2512:
2485:
2423:
1845:
1709:
1481:
1454:
1789:
1443:"I. Antecedentes, causas y modalidades de la nueva expansión colonial española hacia norteamérica en el siglo xviii"
4643:
4515:
4427:
4251:
3971:
3358:
1291:
1255:
1097:
1093:
616:
In November 1777, Gálvez married Marie Félicité de Saint-Maxent d'Estrehan, the Creole daughter of the French-born
518:
Indian allies. He received many wounds, several of them serious. In 1770, he was promoted to commandant of arms of
428:
207:
106:
1501:
1100:(originally a single parish) were said to have been named for his wife Marie Felicite de Saint-Maxent d'Estrehan.
4123:
3332:
1889:
617:
2440:
1604:
1353:
1172:
of the Spanish Embassy in Washington, D.C. Also, on December 9, 2014, a replica of a 1784 portrait of Gálvez by
4841:
4034:
3702:
2279:
1811:
St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, Heirship Series Vol. II: Selected Annotated Abstracts of Marriage Book 1, 1811–1829
546:
4476:
3749:
2664:
Spain's Final Triumph Over Great Britain in the Gulf of Mexico: The Battle of Pensacola March 9 to May 8, 1781
1835:
1227:
4069:
4057:
3978:
1089:
852:
782:
534:
394:
126:
4618:
3263:
The Historical Magazine, and Notes and Queries Concerning the Antiquities, History, and Biography of America
4836:
4598:
4402:
3814:
1111:
985:
maize and beans for the populace. He also implemented policies to increase future agricultural production.
802:
340:
4760:
4623:
4417:
4851:
4846:
4712:
4324:
4300:
1188:
1004:
672:
621:
303:
171:
1156:
Avenue P, where the hotel is located, is known as Bernardo de Galvez Avenue. The hotel was added to the
1130:
of Gálvez adjacent to the New Orleans World Trade Center. There is also a Galvez Street in New Orleans.
727:
Resolution to Gov. Bernardo de Galvez Expressing Thanks for Efforts that Supported Independence Movement
4861:
1920:
1544:
Kieran McCarty (1994). "Bernardo de Galvez on the Apache Frontier: The Education of a Future Viceroy".
1030:(now part of Mexico City). Gálvez was buried next to his father at San Fernando Church in Mexico City.
833:
562:
409:
325:
4280:
1237:
723:
4826:
4221:
3949:
3485:
The Yaquis and the Empire: Violence, Spanish Imperial Power, and Native Resilience in Colonial Mexico
1699:
1015:
841:
770:
378:
2183:. Library of Congress Manuscript Division, United States. p. 1034-1035, October 31, 1778 entry.
620:
and the Creole Elizabeth La Roche, and young widow of Jean Baptiste Honoré d'Estrehan, the son of a
4796:
4737:
4510:
4231:
1471:
1244:
1018:(according to his own report), he encountered a party of soldiers escorting three criminals to the
943:
826:
606:
519:
345:
4442:
2557:
French and Spanish Records of Louisiana: A Bibliographical Guide to Archive and Manuscript Sources
2325:
Minorca, the Illusory Prize: A History of the British Occupations of Minorca Between 1708 and 1802
4133:
1605:"The Gálvez Family and Spanish Participation In the Independence of the United States of America"
1173:
1081:
963:
733:
Although Spain had not yet joined the American cause, when an American raiding expedition led by
495:
3458:
2007:
Adventurism and Empire: The Struggle for Mastery in the Louisiana-Florida Borderlands, 1762–1803
1427:
Don José de Gálvez y la Comandancia General de las Provincias Internas del norte de Nueva España
4752:
4742:
4722:
4692:
4648:
4608:
4580:
4496:
3234:
1164:
1142:
1107:
586:
507:
417:
4481:
3564:
3537:
3483:
3416:
3261:
3081:
3002:
2930:
Stumbling Towards the Constitution: The Economic Consequences of Freedom in the Atlantic World
2901:
2845:
2818:
2782:
2755:
2714:
2687:
2582:
2529:
2502:
2413:
2350:
2323:
2222:
2195:
2153:
2123:
2094:
2067:
2032:
1950:
1862:
1806:
1672:
1572:
1442:
1398:
4697:
4679:
4369:
3676:
3618:
3591:
3510:
3305:
3199:
3163:
3136:
3056:
3029:
2928:
2636:
2609:
2555:
2386:
2275:
2249:
2051:
2005:
1734:
1645:
1518:
959:
931:
927:
814:
797:
Gálvez carried out a masterful military campaign and defeated the British colonial forces at
758:
693:
681:
638:
553:, which would serve him well when he became governor of Louisiana. Gálvez was transferred to
479:
and his wife María Josefa de Madrid, who died when Bernardo was only 2 years old. He studied
476:
424:
390:
2872:
1760:"Louisiana: European Explorations and the Louisiana Purchase – Louisiana under Spanish Rule"
882:
468:
4786:
4781:
4393:
3096:
915:
902:
868:
806:
688:
335:
241:
147:
94:
73:
4422:
2352:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present
901:
Detail from portrait of Bernardo de Galvez by José Germán de Alfaro, 1785, that shows the
8:
4452:
4266:
4158:
3404:. Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 2006. p. 192.
2527:
2251:
Pistols and Politics: The Dilemma of Democracy in Louisiana's Florida Parishes, 1810–1899
1261:
1180:
1118:, has a portrait of General Gálvez accompanied by a display of biographical information.
1040:
876:
798:
667:
655:
610:
542:
4530:
3737:
3100:
2743:. Library of Congress Manuscript Division, United States. p. 33, May 9, 1783 entry.
4727:
4192:
4109:
4078:
3451:
3227:
3115:
The worst famine of the colonial era in Mexico occurred in 1786, and is referred to as
2981:
1553:
989:
974:
677:
590:
574:
440:
413:
350:
42:
4083:
4010:
3653:
1212:
1011:, which catalogued the diverse species of plants, birds, and fish found in New Spain.
970:
911:
529:
4315:
3918:
3900:
3852:
3682:
3624:
3597:
3570:
3543:
3516:
3489:
3462:
3338:
3311:
3284:
3238:
3205:
3169:
3142:
3062:
3035:
3008:
2969:
2959:
2934:
2907:
2880:
2851:
2824:
2788:
2761:
2693:
2642:
2615:
2588:
2561:
2508:
2481:
2419:
2392:
2356:
2329:
2302:
2255:
2228:
2201:
2159:
2129:
2102:
2073:
2038:
2011:
1956:
1926:
1868:
1841:
1814:
1738:
1727:
1705:
1678:
1651:
1619:
1578:
1524:
1477:
1450:
1404:
1325:
1127:
1085:
710:
702:
633:
629:
594:
448:
354:
4026:
3936:
3830:
3109:
3084:
2155:
Brothers at Arms: American Independence and the Men of France and Spain Who Saved It
1922:
The Louisiana Purchase and Its Peoples: Perspectives from the New Orleans Conference
1864:
Brothers at Arms: American Independence and the Men of France and Spain Who Saved It
1787:
4687:
4486:
3996:
3104:
1232:
1153:
1073:
749:
743:
480:
444:
275:
4541:
4177:
3954:
4638:
3433:
2475:
2296:
1131:
1058:
856:
822:
774:
754:
602:
550:
1053:
570:
486:
4702:
1065:
923:
891:
860:
714:
405:
159:
3360:
Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Social Sciences
2973:
1318:"A picture of persistence in honoring a Spanish hero of the Revolutionary War"
585:
On 1 January 1777, Bernardo de Gálvez became the new governor of the formerly
4775:
3815:"America's Spanish Savior: Bernardo de Gálvez marches to rescue the colonies"
1623:
1329:
1077:
762:
757:'s borders after Bernardo Gálvez's military actions, which appear to include
734:
45:
3307:
Collecting Mexico: Museums, Monuments, and the Creation of National Identity
2531:
Report on American Manuscripts in the Royal Institution of Great Britain ...
1618:. Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid: 187.
844:. The loss of Mobile and Pensacola left the British with no bases along the
57:
3750:
https://www.herenciahispanaoculta.com/77-when-galvez-came-to-congress.html/
2220:
1993:. Conseil pour le développement du français en Louisiane. 1975. p. 68.
1149:
1014:
On one occasion, when the viceroy was riding on horseback to meet with the
939:
935:
872:
837:
810:
739:
515:
464:
285:
203:
20:
3539:
Indian Revolts in Northern New Spain: A Synthesis of Resistance, 1680–1786
1833:
954:
1115:
1103:
978:
818:
706:
651:
227:
2500:
1557:
922:
American revolutionaries with supplies and soldiers, much of it through
3848:
1267:
1092:, were, among other places, named after him. The Louisiana parishes of
845:
499:
451:. In 2014, Gálvez became one of only eight people to have been awarded
3736:"Happy Birthday Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid–An Honorary U.S. Citizen",
2197:
The Struggle for Sea Power: A Naval History of the American Revolution
1897:
647:
4060:
696:, sent his nephew, Bernardo de Gálvez, to New Orleans as governor of
566:
503:
398:
231:
3435:
Instructions for Governing the Interior Provinces of New Spain, 1786
4588:
1027:
993:
382:
223:
3800:
Spain and the Independence of the United States: An Intrinsic Gift
2528:
Great Britain. Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (1906).
2477:
Siege! Spain and Britain: Battle of Pensacola, March 9-May 8, 1781
2069:
Spain and the Independence of the United States: An Intrinsic Gift
1837:
Siege! Spain and Britain: Battle of Pensacola, March 9-May 8, 1781
934:
that officially returned Florida, now divided into two provinces,
3453:
Bárbaros: Spaniards and Their Savages in the Age of Enlightenment
1887:
1791:
La vida en Mexico durante una residencia de dos afios en ese pais
1019:
864:
786:
554:
307:
24:
3762:"SECNAV Names Future Guided Missile Frigate USS Galvez (FFG 67)"
2584:
Spain, Britain and the American Revolution in Florida, 1763–1783
886:
Resolution to display portrait of Bernardo de Gálvez in Congress
3620:
Hope & New Orleans: A History of Crescent City Street Names
2903:
Independence Lost: Lives on the Edge of the American Revolution
2716:
Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing of Spanish America
1430:. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. p. 143.
1022:. He suspended the hanging, and later had the criminals freed.
589:, the vast territory that would later become the object of the
523:
511:
432:
3807:
Instructions for Governing the Interior Provinces of New Spain
1069:
Statue of Bernardo de Galvez in Spanish Plaza, Mobile, Alabama
999:
Gálvez helped advance science in the colony by sponsoring the
1834:
Virginia Parks; Pensacola Historical Society (1 April 1981).
1788:
Madame Calderón de la Barca (Frances Erskine Inglis) (1959).
1674:
El que tenga valor que me siga: En vida de Bernardo de Gálvez
1378:
598:
472:
270:
4832:
Spanish military personnel of the American Revolutionary War
3266:. Vol. VIII. C. Benjamin Richardson. 1864. p. 141.
2221:
Naval History & Heritage Command (U.S.) (14 July 2014).
1440:
3869:. Baton Rouge : Historic New Orleans Collection, 1979.
3827:
Bernardo de Gálvez: Spanish Hero of the American Revolution
3431:
2956:
Bernardo de Gálvez: Spanish Hero of the American Revolution
643:
632:'s army during the American Revolutionary War. He founded
3197:
3161:
1247:(1780); replica built in Spain more than 200 years later.
2712:
1243:– captured British ship renamed and participated in the
375:
Bernardo Vicente de Gálvez y Madrid, 1st Count of Gálvez
3512:
Apaches at War and Peace: The Janos Presidio, 1750–1858
3481:
3379:. Frente Nacional de Artes Plásticas. 1960. p. 90.
1804:
3392:
2847:
American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750–1804
1602:
4056:
3738:
https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2018/07/bernardo-de-galvez/
2870:
2441:"Major-General John Campbell in British West Florida"
2274:
1724:
498:. Following the conflict he was promoted to infantry
3535:
3363:. University of California Press. 1934. p. 256.
2738:
2719:. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 240–242.
2634:
2178:
1677:(in Spanish). La Esfera de los Libros. p. 301.
601:
in 1762, ostensibly as compensation for the loss of
4571:
3303:
3224:
2906:. Random House Publishing Group. pp. 229–230.
2757:
Besieged: 100 Great Sieges from Jericho to Sarajevo
2501:Robert Marshall Utley; Wilcomb E. Washburn (1985).
2121:
1983:
1981:
1499:
1423:
3562:
3508:
3450:
3421:. Vol. IV. Tipografía económica. p. 351.
3414:
3330:
3226:
2780:
2638:The Louisiana Governors: From Iberville to Edwards
2553:
2294:
2247:
2151:
1896:. Louisiana Historical Association. Archived from
1860:
1726:
1697:
1469:
654:is named for him. In 1779, Gálvez was promoted to
541:In 1772, Gálvez returned to Spain with his uncle,
3845:The Texas Connection With The American Revolution
2494:
2158:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 134.
2095:"The Revolutionary War and Europe's Great Powers"
1948:
1867:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 133.
1670:
1033:Bernardo de Gálvez left some writings, including
977:, on 21 May 1785, and made his formal entry into
836:, the British (and formerly, Spanish) capital of
713:was an effective alternative. Gálvez worked with
16:Spanish general and colonial governor (1746–1786)
4773:
3681:. Louisiana State University Press. p. 35.
3674:
3589:
3134:
3130:
3128:
2953:
2820:Louisiana and the Gulf South Frontier, 1500–1821
2689:Pre-removal Choctaw History: Exploring New Paths
2685:
2438:
2388:Historical Dictionary of the American Revolution
2065:
2030:
1978:
1827:
1647:The Presidio: Bastion of the Spanish Borderlands
1570:
580:
3596:. Pelican Publishing Company, Inc. p. 23.
3425:
3054:
2679:
2521:
2321:
2147:
2145:
1918:
1854:
1769:. United States Library of Congress. p. 40
1643:
1035:Ordenanzas para el Teatro de Comedias de México
851:In 1782, forces under Gálvez's overall command
502:. He arrived in Mexico, which was then part of
31: and the second or maternal family name is
3819:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History
3802:, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
3643:
3448:
3276:
3201:Personajes Notables de la Historia de México 2
3165:Propriety and Permissiveness in Bourbon Mexico
3000:
2899:
2787:. Harvard University Press. pp. 185–186.
2607:
2473:
2328:. Associated University Presses. p. 208.
2301:. University of Texas at El Paso. p. 53.
2099:The Oxford Handbook of the American Revolution
1598:
1596:
1594:
1564:
1543:
1516:
1396:
1354:"Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid's Very Good Year"
1351:
1292:"Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid's Very Good Year"
458:
443:, and several places bear his name, including
4817:Spanish colonial governors and administrators
4557:
4042:
3583:
3556:
3125:
3048:
3027:
2816:
2753:
2706:
2692:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 124.
2661:
2580:
2411:
2384:
2003:
1944:
1942:
1664:
1510:
1506:. University of California Press. p. 62.
1495:
1493:
661:
3695:
3542:. University Press of America. p. 117.
3515:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 53.
3408:
3324:
3297:
3270:
2994:
2732:
2507:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 109–.
2480:. Pensacola Historical Society. p. 34.
2348:
2172:
2142:
2125:The Impact of the American Revolution Abroad
2115:
2092:
1840:. Pensacola Historical Society. p. 24.
1650:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 99.
1637:
1347:
1345:
1315:
3668:
3616:
3502:
3198:Eduardo Philibert Mendoza (15 April 2011).
3191:
3034:. University of Chicago Press. p. 10.
3021:
2864:
2843:
2666:. Florida State University. pp. 82–83.
2405:
2315:
2288:
2227:. Government Printing Office. p. 252.
2200:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 172.
2097:. In Edward G. Gray; Jane Kamensky (eds.).
2024:
1997:
1912:
1718:
1691:
1591:
1537:
4564:
4550:
4049:
4035:
3529:
3475:
3401:Revista complutense de historia de América
3256:
3254:
2986:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2958:. Chapel Hill. pp. 242, 472-473n153.
2879:. Diane Publishing Company. pp. 5–6.
2837:
2774:
2628:
2432:
2342:
2268:
2214:
2193:
2187:
2059:
2037:(in Spanish). Ediciones Era. p. 566.
1952:The Frontier War for American Independence
1939:
1888:Dictionary of Louisiana Biography (2008).
1612:Revista Complutense de Historia de América
1503:Bernardo de Gálvez in Louisiana, 1776–1783
1490:
1434:
1372:
988:In 1785, Gálvez initiated construction of
894:"...in the room in which Congress meet."
56:
4753:Second French Louisiana (1802–1804)
4671:Coat of Arms of the Province of Louisiana
3793:Bernardo de Gálvez in Louisiana 1776–1783
3610:
3569:. Harvard University Press. p. 180.
3442:
3218:
3155:
3108:
2893:
2810:
2747:
2547:
2467:
1798:
1781:
1757:
1751:
1417:
1386:. Escuela Gráfica Salesiana. p. 327.
1342:
490:and at the age of 16 participated in the
355:
4581:First French Louisiana (1682–1762)
4526:Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo
3842:
3812:
3637:
3337:. Publicaciones Españolas. p. 130.
3310:. U of Minnesota Press. pp. 71–72.
3168:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 20.
2760:. Oxford University Press. p. 188.
2655:
2635:Joseph G. Dawson III (1 February 1990).
2611:The Louisiana Purchase: A Global Context
2601:
2574:
2378:
2284:. University of Miami Press. p. 11.
2241:
2101:. Oxford University Press. p. 318.
2086:
2010:. UNC Press Books. pp. 78–82, 101.
1890:"ST. MAXENT, Marie Félicité (Felicítas)"
1729:The Spanish in New Orleans and Louisiana
1463:
1390:
1251:Spain and the American Revolutionary War
1064:
1052:
1039:Instrución para el Buen Gobierno de las
953:
896:
881:
748:
722:
671:
528:
377:(23 July 1746 – 30 November 1786) was a
86:18 June 1785 – 30 November 1786
3955:Spain's Role in the American Revolution
3509:William B. Griffen (1 September 1998).
3251:
3229:Dictionary of Mexican Rulers, 1325-1997
3075:
2920:
2152:Larrie D. Ferreiro (15 November 2016).
2128:. The Minerva Group, Inc. p. 167.
1881:
1704:. Publicaciones Españolas. p. 46.
1520:American War of Independence Commanders
1476:. Publicaciones Españolas. p. 42.
1273:, American frigate named after Bernardo
1001:Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain
949:
785:as many fighting ships as the fleet at
62:Portrait by José Germán de Alfaro, 1785
4774:
3795:, Gretna: Pelican Publishing Company.
3488:. Yale University Press. p. 251.
3432:New Spain; Bernardo de Gálvez (1951).
3280:Ciencia y tecnología en el Nuevo Mundo
3233:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
3007:. Yale University Press. p. 169.
2926:
2248:Samuel C. Hyde Jr. (1 February 1998).
1577:. Yale University Press. p. 124.
1403:. Yale University Press. p. 443.
1379:José Antonio Calderón Quijano (1968).
636:in 1779, promoted the colonization of
494:, which stalled after the Spanish had
420:, which he played a role in drafting.
4545:
4506:Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont
4350:Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta
4030:
3283:. El Colegio de México. p. 145.
2954:Quintero Saravia, Gonzalo M. (2018).
2871:Department of Defense (August 1997).
2534:H. M. Stationery Office. p. 162.
1671:Eduardo Garrigues (9 February 2016).
1523:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 53.
1441:José Miguel Morales Folguera (1985).
1400:The Spanish Frontier in North America
622:high ranking French colonial official
609:, after Spain was urged to enter the
475:, on 23 July 1746. He was the son of
3889:, v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua.
3829:(2018). 616 pp Scholarly biography;
3563:Lawrence N. Powell (13 April 2012).
2781:Lawrence N. Powell (13 April 2012).
2418:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 266.
1158:National Register of Historic Places
958:Portrait of Gálvez displayed at the
4857:Infectious disease deaths in Mexico
4680:Spanish Louisiana (1762–1802)
3941:United States National Park Service
3917:. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial,
3899:. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial,
3754:
3652:. Auburn University. Archived from
3135:Steven Otfinoski (September 2008).
2554:Henry Putney Beers (1 March 2002).
2281:Zéspedes in East Florida, 1784–1790
2031:Fernando Benítez (7 October 2014).
1813:. Pelican Publishing. p. 122.
1352:Bridget Bowman (29 December 2014).
1316:Roig-Franzia, Manuel (2014-10-30).
821:. In March 1780, Gálvez recaptured
13:
4812:People from the Province of Málaga
4666:
4657:
3784:
3623:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 31.
3590:Robert Jeanfreau (14 March 2012).
3204:. Panorama Editorial. p. 66.
3162:Juan Pedro Viqueira Albán (1999).
3141:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 17.
3055:Carol Helstosky (3 October 2014).
2817:F. Todd Smith (17 November 2014).
2608:Robert D. Bush (15 October 2013).
2385:Terry M. Mays (18 November 2009).
2066:Thomas E. Chávez (11 April 2002).
2034:De la Conquista a la Independencia
1919:Paul E. Hoffman (1 January 2004).
753:Norteamerica, 1792, Jaillot-Elwe,
705:, and consequently the route from
642:, and established free trade with
557:in 1775, and then participated in
14:
4873:
4521:Juan José Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza
4418:Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa
3930:
3913:Orozco Linares, Fernando (1985).
3867:Tribute to Don Bernardo de Gálvez
3837:Journal of Early American History
3813:Mitchell, Barbara (Autumn 2010).
3678:Baton Rouge: Photographs and Text
3644:Robert B. Kane (August 2, 2016).
3457:. Yale University Press. p.
3004:Spanish Frontier in North America
2873:"American Revolution (1775–1783)"
2713:William Spence Robertson (1909).
2581:James W. Raab (5 November 2007).
431:. He served until his death from
4792:Colonial United States (Spanish)
4252:Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas
4099:
4092:
3742:
3482:Raphael Brewster Folsom (2014).
2844:Alan Taylor (6 September 2016).
1955:. Stackpole Books. p. 182.
1805:Sanders, Mary Elizabeth (2002).
1517:René Chartrand (20 March 2013).
1231:, the 1976 equestrian statue in
1204:
526:, northern provinces of Mexico.
269:
251:
4822:Spanish colonial period of Cuba
4573:Colonial Governors of Louisiana
4443:Manuel Antonio Flores Maldonado
4330:Francisco Fernández de la Cueva
4242:Francisco Fernández de la Cueva
3748:"When Gálvez Came to Congress",
3730:
3721:
3383:
3367:
3351:
3277:Elías Trabulse (January 1994).
3182:
3110:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.018
2947:
2801:
2723:
2670:
2538:
2474:Virginia Parks (1 April 1981).
2439:George C. Osborn (April 1949).
2391:. Scarecrow Press. p. 79.
2369:
2194:Sam Willis (15 February 2016).
1969:
1603:Light Townsend Cummins (2006).
1383:de Haro, 1787, por A. Rubio Gil
1057:Equestrian statue of Gálvez in
910:of Viscount of Gálvez-Town and
853:captured the British naval base
618:Gilbert Antoine de Saint-Maxent
593:. The colony had been ceded by
577:; he was made colonel in 1776.
463:Bernardo de Gálvez was born in
4802:Governors of Spanish Louisiana
4438:Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta
3989:Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta
3001:David J. Weber (14 May 2014).
2877:Hispanics in America's Defense
2415:The War for America: 1775–1783
2298:El Paso: A Borderlands History
2004:David Narrett (5 March 2015).
1733:. Pelican Publishing. p.
1725:José Montero de Pedro (2000).
1309:
1284:
1200:Heraldry of Bernardo de Gálvez
119:Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta
1:
4384:Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón
4227:García Sarmiento de Sotomayor
3885:García Puron, Manuel (1984).
3825:Quintero Saravia, Gonzalo M.
3809:, 1786. New York: Arno Press.
3805:Gálvez, Bernardo de (1967) .
3791:Caughey, John Walton (1998).
3617:Sally Asher (18 March 2014).
3536:Roberto Mario Salmón (1991).
3058:The Routledge History of Food
2900:Kathleen DuVal (April 2016).
2850:. W. W. Norton. p. 148.
2739:Continental Congress (1922).
2179:Continental Congress (1908).
1090:St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
783:Vice-Admiral Sir Peter Parker
581:Spanish governor of Louisiana
127:Spanish Governor of Louisiana
4403:Francisco Cajigal de la Vega
3895:Orozco L., Fernando (1988).
3843:Thonhoff, Robert H. (2000).
3304:Shelley E. Garrigan (2012).
3225:Juana Vázquez Gómez (1997).
2686:Greg O'Brien (20 May 2015).
2445:Florida Historical Quarterly
2122:Library of Congress (2002).
1500:John Walton Caughey (1934).
1424:Luis Navarro García (1964).
587:French province of Louisiana
492:Spanish invasion of Portugal
467:, a mountain village in the
321:Spanish Invasion of Portugal
23:, the first or paternal
7:
4516:Félix María Calleja del Rey
4477:Félix Berenguer de Marquina
4467:Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca
4433:Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid
4428:Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
4306:José Sarmiento y Valladares
4257:Antonio Sebastián de Toledo
3972:Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
3897:Fechas Históricas de México
3415:Francisco Pimentel (1904).
3331:José Rodulfo Boeta (1977).
3031:The Papers of James Madison
2295:Wilbert H. Timmons (1990).
1861:Larrie D. Ferreiro (2016).
1698:José Rodulfo Boeta (1977).
1470:José Rodulfo Boeta (1977).
1256:Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
1220:
1194:
1189:Constellation-class frigate
569:at the military academy of
459:Origins and military career
429:Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
191:Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid
107:Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
10:
4878:
4662:Coat of Arms of New France
4183:Diego Fernández de Córdoba
4124:Martín Enríquez de Almanza
4090:
3950:Texas A & M University
3879:, v. 6. Mexico City: 1987.
3798:Chávez, Thomas E. (2002).
3593:The Story Behind the Stone
3089:Quaternary Science Reviews
2823:. LSU Press. p. 160.
2676:"Ferreiro 2016", p.253–254
2587:. McFarland. p. 135.
2072:. UNM Press. p. 153.
1949:William R. Nester (2004).
1163:On December 16, 2014, the
676:Painting of Gálvez at the
665:
662:American Revolutionary War
410:American Revolutionary War
331:American Revolutionary War
18:
4751:
4678:
4655:
4579:
4495:
4451:
4413:Carlos Francisco de Croix
4392:
4368:
4314:
4265:
4247:Juan de Leyva de la Cerda
4222:Juan de Palafox y Mendoza
4202:Diego Carrillo de Mendoza
4191:
4157:
4139:Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga
4129:Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza
4108:
4068:
4017:
4008:
4002:
3995:
3985:
3976:
3968:
3963:
3957:at AmericanRevolution.org
3675:David K. Gleason (1991).
3061:. Routledge. p. 81.
2729:"Chávez 2002" pp. 208–209
2641:. LSU Press. p. 57.
2614:. Routledge. p. 19.
2560:. LSU Press. p. 90.
2355:. ABC-CLIO. p. 321.
2254:. LSU Press. p. 19.
1571:Pekka Hämäläinen (2008).
1138:with a statue of Gálvez.
1124:Central Business District
1048:
842:John Campbell of Strachur
453:honorary U.S. citizenship
368:
313:
299:
291:
281:
264:
259:
247:
237:
213:
186:
181:
177:
165:
153:
143:
132:
124:
112:
100:
90:
79:
71:
67:
55:
40:
4807:Governors of the Bahamas
4511:Francisco Javier Venegas
4423:Martín de Mayorga Ferrer
4379:Juan Francisco de Güemes
4232:Marcos de Torres y Rueda
3887:México y sus gobernantes
3865:Woodward, Ralph Lee Jr.
2933:. Springer. p. 10.
2927:J. Chu (14 April 2012).
2322:Desmond Gregory (1990).
1644:Max L. Moorhead (1991).
1546:Journal of the Southwest
1277:
926:, from whom he received
827:Battle of Fort Charlotte
825:from the British at the
545:. Later, he was sent to
346:Battle of Fort Charlotte
4360:Pedro Cebrián y Agustín
4281:Payo Enríquez de Rivera
4237:Luis Enríquez de Guzmán
4212:Lope Díez de Armendáriz
4134:Pedro Moya de Contreras
3875:"Gálvez, Bernardo de,"
3650:Encyclopedia of Alabama
3449:David J. Weber (2005).
1397:David J. Weber (1992).
1191:, was named after him.
1174:Mariano Salvador Maella
964:Mariano Salvador Maella
687:In December 1776, King
414:conquering West Florida
393:and Cuba, and later as
379:Spanish military leader
4672:
4663:
4531:Juan O'Donojú y O'Ryan
4462:Juan Vicente de Güemes
4335:Fernando de Alencastre
4325:Juan Ortega y Montañés
4301:Juan Ortega y Montañés
4168:Juan de Mendoza y Luna
3877:Enciclopedia de México
3028:James Madison (1962).
2754:Paul K. Davis (2003).
2662:N. Orwin Rush (1966).
2412:Piers Mackesy (1964).
1975:"Caughey 1934, p. 250"
1165:United States Congress
1143:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
1108:Louisiana State Museum
1070:
1062:
1005:Martín Sessé y Lacasta
966:
906:
887:
766:
728:
684:
538:
172:Esteban Rodríguez Miró
4842:Viceroys of New Spain
4670:
4661:
4472:Miguel José de Azanza
4408:Joaquín de Montserrat
3915:Gobernantes de México
3389:"Chávez 2002", p. 219
2349:David Marley (1998).
2276:Helen Hornbeck Tanner
2093:Paul W. Mapp (2015).
1794:. Porrúa. p. 44.
1360:. The Economist Group
1068:
1056:
960:United States Capitol
957:
932:Peace of Paris (1783)
928:military intelligence
900:
885:
752:
742:, later known as the
726:
694:Council of the Indies
682:Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau
675:
563:expedition to Algiers
532:
341:Battle of Baton Rouge
292:Years of service
4291:Melchor Portocarrero
3979:Viceroy of New Spain
3646:"Bernardo de Gálvez"
3188:"Chávez 2002", p. 12
2807:"Chávez 2002" p. 108
2375:"Chávez 2002" p. 135
1169:honorary citizenship
1126:of the city, has an
950:Viceroy of New Spain
916:Order of Charles III
903:Order of Charles III
869:Francisco de Miranda
689:Charles III of Spain
613:on the French side.
535:viceroy of New Spain
336:Capture of Fort Bute
242:Order of Charles III
74:Viceroy of New Spain
4837:Spanish West Indies
4482:José de Iturrigaray
4217:Diego López Pacheco
3964:Government offices
3839:(2017) 7#2:177-201.
3566:The Accidental City
3101:2016QSRv..149...34S
2784:The Accidental City
2544:"Osborn1949" p. 326
1767:loc.gov/collections
1574:The Comanche Empire
1258:, Bernardo's father
1041:Provincias Internas
877:Juan Manuel Cajigal
794:territory for war.
791:Lords Commissioners
668:Gulf Coast campaign
650:. Galvez Street in
383:government official
326:Invasion of Algiers
50:The Count of Gálvez
4852:Deaths from typhus
4847:Viscounts of Spain
4673:
4664:
4340:Baltasar de Zúñiga
4296:Gaspar de la Cerda
4079:Antonio de Mendoza
3946:Bernardo de Gálvez
3766:United States Navy
3438:. Quivira Society.
3334:Bernardo de Gálvez
1701:Bernardo de Gálvez
1473:Bernardo de Gálvez
1264:, Bernardo's uncle
1228:Bernardo de Gálvez
1179:In June 2024, the
1106:, a branch of the
1071:
1063:
1043:de la Nueva España
990:Chapultepec Castle
967:
907:
888:
773:at Pensacola from
767:
729:
685:
678:siege of Pensacola
591:Louisiana Purchase
575:lieutenant colonel
559:Alejandro O'Reilly
539:
469:province of Málaga
351:Siege of Pensacola
43:The Most Excellent
4862:Spanish Catholics
4769:
4768:
4539:
4538:
4286:Tomás de la Cerda
4119:Gastón de Peralta
4025:
4024:
4018:Succeeded by
3986:Succeeded by
3688:978-0-8071-1715-6
3630:978-1-62584-509-2
3603:978-1-4556-1519-3
3576:978-0-674-06544-4
3549:978-0-8191-7983-8
3522:978-0-8061-3084-2
3495:978-0-300-19689-4
3468:978-0-300-10501-8
3317:978-0-8166-7092-5
3290:978-968-16-4390-4
3244:978-0-313-30049-3
3211:978-607-452-266-2
3175:978-0-8420-2467-9
3148:978-0-7614-2938-8
3068:978-1-317-62113-3
3041:978-0-226-36300-4
3014:978-0-300-15621-8
2965:978-1-4696-4080-8
2940:978-1-137-01080-3
2913:978-0-8129-8120-9
2886:978-0-7881-4722-7
2857:978-0-393-25387-0
2830:978-0-8071-5711-4
2794:978-0-674-06544-4
2767:978-0-19-521930-2
2699:978-0-8061-4988-2
2648:978-0-8071-1527-5
2621:978-1-135-07772-3
2594:978-0-7864-3213-4
2567:978-0-8071-2793-3
2398:978-0-8108-7503-6
2362:978-0-87436-837-6
2335:978-0-8386-3389-2
2308:978-0-87404-207-8
2261:978-0-8071-2270-9
2234:978-0-945274-72-8
2207:978-0-393-24883-8
2165:978-1-101-87525-4
2135:978-0-89875-978-5
2108:978-0-19-025776-7
2079:978-0-8263-2795-6
2044:978-607-445-280-8
2017:978-1-4696-1834-0
1962:978-0-8117-0077-1
1932:978-1-887366-51-9
1894:www.lahistory.org
1874:978-1-101-87524-7
1820:978-1-4556-1234-5
1744:978-1-4556-1227-7
1684:978-84-9060-614-8
1657:978-0-8061-2317-2
1584:978-0-300-15117-6
1530:978-1-4728-0300-9
1410:978-0-300-05917-5
1245:capture of Mobile
1160:on 4 April 1979.
1128:equestrian statue
1086:Galvez, Louisiana
1061:, Washington D.C.
1026:the age of 40 in
759:Spanish Louisiana
711:Mississippi River
703:Thirteen Colonies
630:George Washington
481:military sciences
449:Galvez, Louisiana
391:Spanish Louisiana
387:colonial governor
372:
371:
224:Tacubaya District
4869:
4827:Spanish generals
4566:
4559:
4552:
4543:
4542:
4487:Pedro de Garibay
4276:Pedro Nuño Colón
4149:Gaspar de Zúñiga
4103:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4020:Miguel de Gálvez
4003:Preceded by
3997:Spanish nobility
3969:Preceded by
3961:
3960:
3912:
3894:
3884:
3874:
3862:
3822:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3758:
3752:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3656:on June 25, 2017
3641:
3635:
3634:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3456:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3232:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3138:The New Republic
3132:
3123:
3122:
3117:El Ano de Hambre
3112:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3025:
3019:
3018:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2985:
2977:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1990:Louisiana Review
1985:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1900:on July 16, 2016
1885:
1879:
1878:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1764:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1732:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1609:
1600:
1589:
1588:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1288:
1233:Washington, D.C.
1211:Coat of Arms as
1208:
1082:Galveston County
1074:Galveston, Texas
744:Florida Parishes
611:Seven Years' War
573:and promoted to
510:, he fought the
506:, in 1769. As a
496:captured Almeida
477:Matías de Gálvez
445:Galveston, Texas
357:
274:
273:
260:Military service
255:
220:
217:30 November 1786
200:
198:
182:Personal details
168:
156:
137:
115:
103:
84:
60:
38:
37:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4797:Counts of Spain
4772:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4747:
4674:
4665:
4653:
4575:
4570:
4540:
4535:
4491:
4447:
4388:
4364:
4355:Pedro de Castro
4310:
4261:
4207:Rodrigo Pacheco
4187:
4173:Luis de Velasco
4153:
4144:Luis de Velasco
4104:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:Luís de Velasco
4064:
4055:
4021:
4014:
4011:Count of Gálvez
4006:
3991:
3982:
3974:
3937:De Gálvez entry
3933:
3928:
3910:
3892:
3882:
3872:
3859:
3851:: Eakin Press.
3787:
3785:Further reading
3782:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3747:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3726:
3722:
3712:
3710:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3673:
3669:
3659:
3657:
3642:
3638:
3631:
3615:
3611:
3604:
3588:
3584:
3577:
3561:
3557:
3550:
3534:
3530:
3523:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3480:
3476:
3469:
3447:
3443:
3430:
3426:
3418:Obras completas
3413:
3409:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3376:Artes de México
3373:
3372:
3368:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3329:
3325:
3318:
3302:
3298:
3291:
3275:
3271:
3260:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3223:
3219:
3212:
3196:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3133:
3126:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3053:
3049:
3042:
3026:
3022:
3015:
2999:
2995:
2979:
2978:
2966:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2925:
2921:
2914:
2898:
2894:
2887:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2752:
2748:
2737:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2660:
2656:
2649:
2633:
2629:
2622:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2579:
2575:
2568:
2552:
2548:
2543:
2539:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2472:
2468:
2454:
2452:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2293:
2289:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2192:
2188:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2091:
2087:
2080:
2064:
2060:
2045:
2029:
2025:
2018:
2002:
1998:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1803:
1799:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1762:
1758:Michael Klein.
1756:
1752:
1745:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1607:
1601:
1592:
1585:
1569:
1565:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1515:
1511:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1439:
1435:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1395:
1391:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1350:
1343:
1334:
1332:
1322:Washington Post
1314:
1310:
1301:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1223:
1216:
1213:Count of Gálvez
1209:
1197:
1132:Mobile, Alabama
1059:Virginia Avenue
1051:
971:Count of Gálvez
952:
912:Count of Gálvez
775:King George III
755:Spanish Florida
670:
664:
583:
461:
418:Treaty of Paris
364:
306:
304:Captain General
268:
222:
218:
202:
196:
194:
193:
192:
166:
154:
138:
133:
113:
101:
85:
80:
63:
51:
48:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4875:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4757:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4656:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4585:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4546:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4397:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4373:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4319:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4164:
4162:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4106:
4105:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4066:
4065:
4054:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3984:
3975:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3952:
3943:
3932:
3931:External links
3929:
3927:
3926:
3908:
3890:
3880:
3870:
3863:
3857:
3840:
3833:
3823:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3768:. 21 June 2024
3753:
3741:
3729:
3720:
3694:
3687:
3667:
3636:
3629:
3609:
3602:
3582:
3575:
3555:
3548:
3528:
3521:
3501:
3494:
3474:
3467:
3441:
3424:
3407:
3391:
3382:
3366:
3350:
3343:
3323:
3316:
3296:
3289:
3269:
3250:
3243:
3217:
3210:
3190:
3181:
3174:
3154:
3147:
3124:
3074:
3067:
3047:
3040:
3020:
3013:
2993:
2964:
2946:
2939:
2919:
2912:
2892:
2885:
2863:
2856:
2836:
2829:
2809:
2800:
2793:
2773:
2766:
2746:
2731:
2722:
2705:
2698:
2678:
2669:
2654:
2647:
2627:
2620:
2600:
2593:
2573:
2566:
2546:
2537:
2520:
2513:
2493:
2486:
2466:
2431:
2424:
2404:
2397:
2377:
2368:
2361:
2341:
2334:
2314:
2307:
2287:
2267:
2260:
2240:
2233:
2213:
2206:
2186:
2171:
2164:
2141:
2134:
2114:
2107:
2085:
2078:
2058:
2043:
2023:
2016:
1996:
1977:
1968:
1961:
1938:
1931:
1911:
1880:
1873:
1853:
1846:
1826:
1819:
1797:
1780:
1750:
1743:
1717:
1710:
1690:
1683:
1663:
1656:
1636:
1590:
1583:
1563:
1536:
1529:
1509:
1489:
1482:
1462:
1455:
1433:
1416:
1409:
1389:
1371:
1341:
1308:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1265:
1262:José de Gálvez
1259:
1253:
1248:
1235:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1112:Jackson Square
1098:West Feliciana
1094:East Feliciana
1050:
1047:
1009:Flora Mexicana
951:
948:
924:Oliver Pollock
892:Oliver Pollock
863:Island in the
861:New Providence
779:George Germain
715:Oliver Pollock
666:Main article:
663:
660:
582:
579:
561:'s disastrous
543:José de Gálvez
460:
457:
406:career soldier
385:who served as
370:
369:
366:
365:
363:
362:
361:
360:
348:
343:
338:
328:
323:
317:
315:
311:
310:
301:
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
283:
282:Branch/service
279:
278:
266:
262:
261:
257:
256:
249:
245:
244:
239:
235:
234:
221:(aged 40)
215:
211:
210:
190:
188:
184:
183:
179:
178:
175:
174:
169:
163:
162:
160:Luis de Unzaga
157:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
130:
129:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
77:
76:
69:
68:
65:
64:
61:
53:
52:
49:
41:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4874:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4669:
4660:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4567:
4562:
4560:
4555:
4553:
4548:
4547:
4544:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:Ferdinand VII
4494:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4345:Juan de Acuña
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4178:García Guerra
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4107:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4062:
4059:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4013:
4012:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3973:
3967:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3924:
3923:968-38-0260-5
3920:
3916:
3909:
3906:
3905:968-38-0046-7
3902:
3898:
3891:
3888:
3881:
3878:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3858:1-57168-418-2
3854:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3838:
3834:
3832:
3831:online review
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3724:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3690:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3671:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3640:
3632:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3505:
3497:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3454:
3445:
3437:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3386:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3346:
3344:9788450021561
3340:
3336:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3273:
3265:
3264:
3257:
3255:
3246:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3230:
3221:
3213:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3194:
3185:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3158:
3150:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3131:
3129:
3121:
3118:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3024:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2942:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2896:
2888:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2859:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2813:
2804:
2796:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2777:
2769:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2750:
2742:
2735:
2726:
2718:
2717:
2709:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2682:
2673:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2631:
2623:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2550:
2541:
2533:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2514:0-618-15464-7
2510:
2506:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2487:9780939566006
2483:
2479:
2478:
2470:
2463:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2425:0-8032-8192-7
2421:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2381:
2372:
2364:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2318:
2310:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2263:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2244:
2236:
2230:
2226:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2190:
2182:
2175:
2167:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2148:
2146:
2137:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2055:
2053:
2046:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1982:
1972:
1964:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1915:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1847:9780939566006
1843:
1839:
1838:
1830:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1746:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1730:
1721:
1713:
1711:9788450021561
1707:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1532:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1483:9788450021561
1479:
1475:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1456:84-00-06091-1
1452:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1375:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1346:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1283:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1214:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1152:was built in
1151:
1148:In 1911, the
1146:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1136:Spanish Plaza
1134:, also has a
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:Spanish Plaza
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:Galveston Bay
1075:
1067:
1060:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
986:
982:
980:
976:
972:
965:
961:
956:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
919:
917:
913:
904:
899:
895:
893:
884:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
840:from General
839:
835:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:John Campbell
764:
763:Spanish Texas
760:
756:
751:
747:
745:
741:
736:
735:James Willing
731:
725:
721:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
699:
695:
690:
683:
679:
674:
669:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:
635:
631:
625:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
536:
533:Portrayed as
531:
527:
525:
521:
520:Nueva Vizcaya
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
436:
434:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
367:
358:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
318:
316:
312:
309:
305:
302:
298:
294:
290:
287:
284:
280:
277:
272:
267:
263:
258:
254:
250:
246:
243:
240:
236:
233:
229:
225:
216:
212:
209:
205:
189:
185:
180:
176:
173:
170:
164:
161:
158:
152:
149:
146:
142:
136:
131:
128:
123:
120:
117:
111:
108:
105:
99:
96:
93:
89:
83:
78:
75:
70:
66:
59:
54:
47:
46:Field Marshal
44:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4707:
4432:
4370:Ferdinand VI
4009:
4005:New creation
3977:
3914:
3911:(in Spanish)
3896:
3893:(in Spanish)
3886:
3883:(in Spanish)
3876:
3873:(in Spanish)
3866:
3844:
3836:
3826:
3818:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3770:. Retrieved
3765:
3756:
3744:
3732:
3723:
3711:. Retrieved
3709:. 2014-12-16
3707:Congress.gov
3706:
3697:
3677:
3670:
3658:. Retrieved
3654:the original
3649:
3639:
3619:
3612:
3592:
3585:
3565:
3558:
3538:
3531:
3511:
3504:
3484:
3477:
3452:
3444:
3434:
3427:
3417:
3410:
3400:
3394:
3385:
3375:
3369:
3359:
3353:
3333:
3326:
3306:
3299:
3279:
3272:
3262:
3228:
3220:
3200:
3193:
3184:
3164:
3157:
3137:
3116:
3114:
3092:
3088:
3077:
3057:
3050:
3030:
3023:
3003:
2996:
2955:
2949:
2929:
2922:
2902:
2895:
2876:
2866:
2846:
2839:
2819:
2812:
2803:
2783:
2776:
2756:
2749:
2740:
2734:
2725:
2715:
2708:
2688:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2657:
2637:
2630:
2610:
2603:
2583:
2576:
2556:
2549:
2540:
2530:
2523:
2503:
2496:
2476:
2469:
2460:
2453:. Retrieved
2448:
2444:
2434:
2414:
2407:
2387:
2380:
2371:
2351:
2344:
2324:
2317:
2297:
2290:
2280:
2270:
2250:
2243:
2223:
2216:
2196:
2189:
2180:
2174:
2154:
2124:
2117:
2098:
2088:
2068:
2061:
2048:
2033:
2026:
2006:
1999:
1989:
1971:
1951:
1921:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1898:the original
1893:
1883:
1863:
1856:
1836:
1829:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
1766:
1753:
1728:
1720:
1700:
1693:
1673:
1666:
1646:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1615:
1611:
1573:
1566:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1519:
1512:
1502:
1472:
1465:
1446:
1436:
1426:
1419:
1399:
1392:
1381:
1374:
1362:. Retrieved
1357:
1333:. Retrieved
1321:
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1298:. 2014-12-29
1295:
1286:
1269:
1241:(brig sloop)
1238:
1226:
1182:
1178:
1162:
1150:Hotel Galvez
1147:
1140:
1135:
1119:
1102:
1072:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1024:
1013:
1008:
998:
987:
983:
968:
940:West Florida
920:
908:
889:
873:aide-de-camp
850:
838:West Florida
831:
796:
768:
740:West Florida
732:
730:
719:
697:
686:
639:Nueva Iberia
637:
626:
615:
584:
540:
485:Academia de
484:
465:Macharaviaya
462:
437:
422:
403:
374:
373:
314:Battles/wars
286:Spanish Army
219:(1786-11-30)
204:Macharaviaya
201:23 July 1746
167:Succeeded by
134:
114:Succeeded by
81:
32:
28:
21:Spanish name
4787:1786 deaths
4782:1746 births
4499:(1809–1821)
4455:(1789–1809)
4396:(1760–1789)
4394:Charles III
4372:(1746–1760)
4318:(1701–1746)
4269:(1665–1701)
4195:(1621–1665)
4161:(1603–1621)
4112:(1566–1603)
4072:(1535–1564)
4063:(1535–1821)
4058:Viceroys of
3713:20 December
2504:Indian Wars
2462:successful.
1215:(1783–1786)
1116:New Orleans
1110:located on
1104:The Cabildo
979:Mexico City
819:New Orleans
803:Baton Rouge
707:New Orleans
652:New Orleans
634:Galvez Town
514:, with his
228:Mexico City
155:Preceded by
148:Charles III
102:Preceded by
95:Charles III
4776:Categories
4718:Carondelet
4619:Boisbriand
4453:Charles IV
4267:Charles II
4159:Philip III
4015:1783–1786
3983:1785–1786
3849:Austin, TX
2974:1029828120
2052:New Iberia
1552:(2): 127.
1335:2022-01-31
1302:2022-01-31
1239:Gálveztown
1167:conferred
846:Gulf coast
500:lieutenant
265:Allegiance
197:1746-07-23
4644:d'Abbadie
4639:Billouart
4634:Vaudreuil
4629:Bienville
4614:Bienville
4604:Bienville
4594:Bienville
4193:Philip IV
4110:Philip II
4070:Charles V
4061:New Spain
3821:: 98–104.
2982:cite book
1624:1132-8312
1358:Roll Call
1330:0190-8286
1296:Roll Call
1154:Galveston
1122:, in the
1016:Audiencia
1003:, led by
981:in June.
975:Vera Cruz
834:Pensacola
815:Louisiana
799:Fort Bute
777:and Lord
765:, as well
656:brigadier
567:professor
537:, c. 1785
504:New Spain
441:Pensacola
399:New Spain
295:1762–1786
248:Signature
232:New Spain
139:1777–1783
135:In office
82:In office
72:49th
4728:Bouligny
4698:O'Reilly
4599:Cadillac
4589:Sauvolle
4316:Philip V
2451:(4): 335
2278:(1963).
1558:40169957
1221:See also
1195:Heraldry
1185:(FFG-67)
1028:Tacubaya
994:Acapulco
905:insignia
698:Luisiana
125:5th
19:In this
4761:Laussat
4743:Salcedo
4609:Lepinay
3772:22 June
3660:25 June
3097:Bibcode
2455:11 June
1020:gallows
944:British
865:Bahamas
811:capital
807:Natchez
787:Jamaica
709:up the
648:Yucatán
607:Britain
603:Florida
555:Seville
512:Apaches
508:captain
483:at the
425:Capitol
395:Viceroy
353: (
308:Marshal
144:Monarch
91:Monarch
25:surname
4723:Gayoso
4708:Gálvez
4703:Unzaga
4624:Perier
3921:
3903:
3855:
3685:
3627:
3600:
3573:
3546:
3519:
3492:
3465:
3341:
3314:
3287:
3241:
3208:
3172:
3145:
3095:: 43.
3065:
3038:
3011:
2972:
2962:
2937:
2910:
2883:
2854:
2827:
2791:
2764:
2696:
2645:
2618:
2591:
2564:
2511:
2484:
2422:
2395:
2359:
2332:
2305:
2258:
2231:
2204:
2162:
2132:
2105:
2076:
2041:
2014:
1959:
1929:
1904:8 June
1871:
1844:
1817:
1773:9 June
1741:
1708:
1681:
1654:
1629:8 June
1622:
1581:
1556:
1527:
1480:
1453:
1407:
1364:8 June
1328:
1270:Galvez
1183:Galvez
1088:, and
1049:Legacy
857:Nassau
823:Mobile
805:, and
595:France
551:French
524:Sonora
433:typhus
238:Awards
33:Madrid
29:Gálvez
4738:Vidal
4733:Calvo
4693:Aubry
4688:Ulloa
4649:Aubry
2449:XXVII
1763:(PDF)
1608:(pdf)
1554:JSTOR
1278:Notes
962:, by
599:Spain
571:Ávila
516:Opata
487:Ávila
473:Spain
276:Spain
208:Spain
4713:Miró
3919:ISBN
3901:ISBN
3853:ISBN
3774:2024
3715:2014
3683:ISBN
3662:2017
3625:ISBN
3598:ISBN
3571:ISBN
3544:ISBN
3517:ISBN
3490:ISBN
3463:ISBN
3339:ISBN
3312:ISBN
3285:ISBN
3239:ISBN
3206:ISBN
3170:ISBN
3143:ISBN
3063:ISBN
3036:ISBN
3009:ISBN
2988:link
2970:OCLC
2960:ISBN
2935:ISBN
2908:ISBN
2881:ISBN
2852:ISBN
2825:ISBN
2789:ISBN
2762:ISBN
2694:ISBN
2643:ISBN
2616:ISBN
2589:ISBN
2562:ISBN
2509:ISBN
2482:ISBN
2457:2017
2420:ISBN
2393:ISBN
2357:ISBN
2330:ISBN
2303:ISBN
2256:ISBN
2229:ISBN
2202:ISBN
2160:ISBN
2130:ISBN
2103:ISBN
2074:ISBN
2039:ISBN
2012:ISBN
1957:ISBN
1927:ISBN
1906:2017
1869:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1815:ISBN
1807:"II"
1775:2017
1739:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1652:ISBN
1631:2017
1620:ISSN
1579:ISBN
1525:ISBN
1478:ISBN
1451:ISBN
1405:ISBN
1366:2017
1326:ISSN
1268:USS
1187:, a
1181:USS
1096:and
1037:and
938:and
936:East
761:and
646:and
644:Cuba
522:and
447:and
381:and
300:Rank
214:Died
187:Born
3948:at
3939:at
3459:165
3105:doi
3093:149
1141:In
1114:in
875:of
859:on
855:at
813:of
680:by
605:to
597:to
547:Pau
397:of
389:of
356:WIA
27:is
4778::
3847:.
3817:.
3764:.
3705:.
3648:.
3461:.
3253:^
3237:.
3235:45
3127:^
3113:.
3103:.
3091:.
3087:.
2984:}}
2980:{{
2968:.
2875:.
2459:.
2447:.
2443:.
2144:^
2047:.
1980:^
1941:^
1892:.
1809:.
1765:.
1737:.
1735:48
1616:32
1614:.
1610:.
1593:^
1550:36
1548:.
1492:^
1445:.
1356:.
1344:^
1324:.
1320:.
1294:.
1084:,
1080:,
1076:,
946:.
871:,
848:.
829:.
817:,
801:,
658:.
471:,
455:.
435:.
404:A
401:.
230:,
226:,
206:,
4565:e
4558:t
4551:v
4050:e
4043:t
4036:v
3925:.
3907:.
3861:.
3776:.
3717:.
3691:.
3664:.
3633:.
3606:.
3579:.
3552:.
3525:.
3498:.
3471:.
3347:.
3320:.
3293:.
3247:.
3214:.
3178:.
3151:.
3107::
3099::
3071:.
3044:.
3017:.
2990:)
2976:.
2943:.
2916:.
2889:.
2860:.
2833:.
2797:.
2770:.
2702:.
2651:.
2624:.
2597:.
2570:.
2517:.
2490:.
2428:.
2401:.
2365:.
2338:.
2311:.
2264:.
2237:.
2210:.
2168:.
2138:.
2111:.
2082:.
2054:.
2020:.
1965:.
1935:.
1908:.
1877:.
1850:.
1823:.
1777:.
1747:.
1714:.
1687:.
1660:.
1633:.
1587:.
1560:.
1533:.
1486:.
1459:.
1413:.
1368:.
1338:.
1305:.
359:)
199:)
195:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
