84:
25:
298:
he needed to put
Spanish garrisons in several fortified places which Ferdinand turned over to Spain in partial compensation for the military aid Spain was providing. Although he was seriously ill with malaria which he had recently contracted, Aubigny lost no time in responding to the allied challenge, quickly consolidating his forces to confront the Neapolitan/Spanish invasion by calling in isolated garrisons throughout Calabria and requesting that Précy reinforce him with the Swiss mercenaries. In the following
297:
swordsmen, to which were added 3,500 soldiers from the
Spanish fleet. The size of the Neapolitan army is unclear, but soon was supplemented by 6,000 volunteers from Calabria, who joined the Neapolitan ranks when Ferdinand of Naples landed. De CĂłrdoba's Spanish contingent was further depleted because
267:
was created, which threatened to cut the invading army off in the south while the league occupied the north cutting the line of communications and supply. On 30 May 1495, Charles split his army taking half of his troops northward to fight their way back into France and leaving the rest to hold the
188:. They relied heavily on the French king to finance the army and to be able to provide foot soldiers capable of fighting. In 1485, Bernard Stewart was chosen to command the French troops that accompanied the invasion and helped the Earl of Richmond become King
313:
with command of the French army that was left behind by the king to garrison the towns of northern Italy. In 1501 he completed the conquest of Naples and was appointed
Governor. But, after a few successes in Calabria, he was completely defeated at the second
148:. Like his father and grandfather he was high in favour with the French King and was chosen as commander of the royal bodyguard. Because of his family background he was chosen as the envoy to
416:
Contamine, Philippe, "Entre France et Écosse: BĂ©rault Stuart, seigneur d'Aubigny (vers 1452–1508), chef de guerre, diplomate, Ă©crivain militaire", in James
Laidlaw (ed.)
446:
538:
272:, Charles and most of the French army made it safely back to France leaving Stewart and the rest of the army to fight off the expected Spanish invasion.
430:
Coombs, B. Identity and Agency in the
Patronage of Bérault Stuart d’Aubigny: the Political Self-Fashioning of a Franco-Scottish Soldier and Diplomat.
513:
287:. De CĂłrdoba himself crossed over to Calabria two days later. He had under his command 600 lances of Spanish cavalry, many of these light
493:
518:
365:
church. The grave is said to have had a cross of fine gold. Its presence (in French "Cruce D'or Fin") giving the name to the area.
346:, "The Ballad of Lord Bernard Stewart" and "Elegy on the Death of Lord Bernard Stewart". The French king made him a member of the
224:) and began his descent into Italy. Stewart received orders from Charles VIII to lead one thousand of the king's cavalry over the
498:
503:
528:
523:
458:
220:. When Alexander refused to recognize Charles' claim to Naples the king raised an army of 25,000 men (including 8,000
425:
276:
185:
181:
68:
46:
39:
302:
the
Spanish and Neapolitan armies were routed by the French cavalry and Swiss pikemen led by the Scotsman Aubigny.
279:
was dispatched from Spain with an army to reinforce the king of Naples. On 24 May 1495, he arrived in the port of
88:
400:
251:
having fled to Sicily at the arrival of the French army. There, in temporary exile, Ferdinand joined his cousin
283:
in Sicily, only to find that
Ferdinand had already crossed over into Calabria with an army and had reoccupied
388:, becoming Count (jure uxoris) of Beaumont-le-Roger. He was granted the titles of Count of Arena, Marquis of
533:
247:
The French quickly overran the disunited
Italian peninsula and arrived in Naples on 21 February 1495, King
168:
The Lord of
Aubigny was also the medium of communication with the section of Scottish lords who favoured
315:
508:
488:
384:
He married firstly
Guillemette de Boucard, secondly Anne de Maumont (died after 1510), Countess of
193:
33:
129:
252:
248:
209:
173:
153:
50:
83:
478:
176:
of England. Henry was still an exile living in France along with the chief supporters of the
149:
145:
141:
483:
331:
189:
169:
8:
347:
339:
306:
342:. It was as a result of this mission that Aubigny became the subject of two ballads by
299:
263:
who offered him assistance to regain his kingdom. In response to Charles' invasion the
177:
117:
108:
421:
404:
393:
385:
269:
221:
213:
369:
335:
264:
133:
284:
99:
343:
399:
Aubigny left one child, a daughter named Anne. Anne married her first cousin,
472:
197:
157:
156:. He was also given the task of signing a treaty with the Scots renewing the
362:
355:
319:
217:
137:
459:"Collection of Epitaphs and Monumental Inscriptions: Chiefly in Scotland"
87:
Arms of Bernard Stewart, 4th Seigneur d'Aubigny, as seen sculpted at the
106:) (c. 1452 – 15 June 1508) was a French soldier, commander of the
322:
in Naples until he was released by a truce signed on 11 November 1503.
268:
recently conquered Neapolitan territories. After hard fighting at the
389:
294:
240:
on 15 November 1494. After this victory Stewart was made governor of
351:
241:
237:
229:
113:
289:
280:
233:
216:
and sent the Lord of Aubigny to Rome to press his claims to Pope
260:
310:
256:
225:
309:
and upon its successful conclusion was made Governor of
418:
The Auld Alliance: France and Scotland over 700 years.
232:
and after taking part with Charles in the conquest of
305:
Stewart also took part in the 1499 campaign of King
392:, Marquis of Girace and Duke of Terranuova in the
330:In 1508 he was sent as ambassador to consult King
470:
447:see image above the door of the hexagonal turret
160:, which he proceeded to sign on 22 March 1484.
236:accompanied him in the triumphal entry into
172:in his rebellion against his distant cousin
244:and lieutenant-general of the French army.
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
82:
32:This article includes a list of general
539:People of the Italian Wars of 1499–1504
420:Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, 1999.
96:Bernard Stewart, 3rd Seigneur d'Aubigny
471:
379:
163:
514:Military leaders of the Italian Wars
18:
293:, and 1,500 infantry, many of them
13:
152:to announce the accession of King
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
550:
494:French people of Scottish descent
186:Jasper Tudor, 1st Duke of Bedford
182:John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford
519:People associated with Edinburgh
128:Bernard was the grandson of Sir
112:, and diplomat belonging to the
23:
368:He was the author of a book on
334:about the marriage of Princess
203:
451:
440:
1:
499:Court of James IV of Scotland
410:
374:Traité sur l'art de la guerre
361:He is buried in the aisle of
325:
318:and became a prisoner at the
170:Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond
132:, who was given the lands of
123:
277:Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba
7:
504:House of Stewart of Darnley
144:for his service during the
10:
555:
524:French military historians
316:Battle of Seminara (1503)
529:Garde Écossaise officers
194:Battle of Bosworth Field
130:John Stewart of Darnley
53:more precise citations.
253:Ferdinand II of Aragon
249:Ferdinand II of Naples
210:Charles VIII of France
154:Charles VIII of France
92:
89:Château de la Verrerie
432:The Mediaeval Journal
376:, reprinted in 1976.
338:with the future King
150:James III of Scotland
142:Charles VII of France
86:
358:about 12 June 1508.
332:James IV of Scotland
275:The Spanish general
190:Henry VII of England
534:French male writers
380:Marriage and titles
348:Order of St Michael
340:Francis I of France
307:Louis XII of France
300:Battle of Seminara
212:laid claim to the
184:and Henry's uncle
180:, the experienced
178:House of Lancaster
164:Battle of Bosworth
146:Hundred Years' War
118:Stewart of Darnley
93:
405:Marshal of France
394:Kingdom of Naples
386:Beaumont-le-Roger
270:Battle of Fornovo
222:Swiss mercenaries
214:Kingdom of Naples
196:establishing the
79:
78:
71:
546:
463:
462:
455:
449:
444:
370:military science
336:Claude of France
265:League of Venice
174:King Richard III
134:Aubigny-sur-Nere
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
554:
553:
549:
548:
547:
545:
544:
543:
509:French generals
489:House of Stuart
469:
468:
467:
466:
457:
456:
452:
445:
441:
413:
382:
328:
206:
166:
126:
109:Garde Écossaise
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
552:
542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
465:
464:
450:
438:
437:
436:
435:
428:
412:
409:
401:Robert Stewart
381:
378:
344:William Dunbar
327:
324:
205:
202:
165:
162:
125:
122:
104:BĂ©rault Stuart
91:, built by him
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
16:French general
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
551:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
474:
460:
454:
448:
443:
439:
433:
429:
427:
426:0-9534945-0-0
423:
419:
415:
414:
408:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
377:
375:
371:
366:
364:
359:
357:
353:
350:. He died in
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
323:
321:
317:
312:
308:
303:
301:
296:
292:
291:
286:
282:
278:
273:
271:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
201:
199:
198:Tudor Dynasty
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
161:
159:
158:Auld Alliance
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
121:
119:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
97:
90:
85:
81:
73:
70:
62:
59:February 2013
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
479:1450s births
453:
442:
434:, 7:1 (2017)
431:
417:
398:
383:
373:
367:
363:Corstorphine
360:
356:Corstorphine
329:
320:Castel Nuovo
304:
288:
274:
246:
218:Alexander VI
207:
204:Italian wars
167:
138:Concressault
127:
107:
103:
95:
94:
80:
65:
56:
37:
484:1508 deaths
403:, a future
51:introducing
473:Categories
411:References
326:Later life
124:Early life
116:family of
34:references
390:Squillace
295:Rodeleros
228:and into
208:In 1494,
352:Scotland
255:King of
242:Calabria
238:Florence
230:Lombardy
114:Scottish
461:. 1834.
290:jinetes
281:Messina
234:Romagna
192:at the
47:improve
424:
285:Reggio
261:Sicily
100:French
36:, but
311:Milan
257:Spain
422:ISBN
259:and
226:Alps
136:and
354:at
140:by
475::
407:.
396:.
372:,
200:.
120:.
102::
98:(
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
