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1191:, while asserting that Baudelaire had not yet received a "just appreciation" even in France, claimed that the poet had "great genius" and asserted that his "technical mastery which can hardly be overpraised ... has made his verse an inexhaustible study for later poets, not only in his own language". In a lecture delivered in French on "Edgar Allan Poe and France" (Edgar Poe et la France) in Aix-en-Provence in April 1948, Eliot stated that "I am an English poet of American origin who learnt his art under the aegis of Baudelaire and the Baudelairian lineage of poets." Eliot also alluded to Baudelaire's poetry directly in his own poetry. For example, he quoted the last line of Baudelaire's "Au Lecteur" in the last line of Section I of
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538:) says everything, is clad, as you will see, in a cold and sinister beauty. It was created with rage and patience. Besides, the proof of its positive worth is in all the ill that they speak of it. The book enrages people. Moreover, since I was terrified myself of the horror that I should inspire, I cut out a third from the proofs. They deny me everything, the spirit of invention and even the knowledge of the French language. I don't care a rap about all these imbeciles, and I know that this book, with its virtues and its faults, will make its way in the memory of the lettered public, beside the best poems of V. Hugo, Th. Gautier and even Byron."
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which was highly regarded, particularly his essay "Richard Wagner et Tannhäuser à Paris". Baudelaire's reaction to music was passionate and psychological. "Music engulfs (possesses) me like the sea." After attending three Wagner concerts in Paris in 1860, Baudelaire wrote to the composer: "I had a feeling of pride and joy in understanding, in being possessed, in being overwhelmed, a truly sensual pleasure like that of rising in the air." Baudelaire's writings contributed to the elevation of Wagner and to the cult of
972:, Baudelaire called him "a poet in painting". Baudelaire also absorbed much of Delacroix's aesthetic ideas as expressed in his journals. As Baudelaire elaborated in his "Salon of 1846", "As one contemplates his series of pictures, one seems to be attending the celebration of some grievous mystery...This grave and lofty melancholy shines with a dull light.. plaintive and profound like a melody by Weber." Delacroix, though appreciative, kept his distance from Baudelaire, particularly after the scandal of
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831:) and refined sensual and aesthetic pleasures, and the use of urban subject matter, such as the city, the crowd, individual passers-by, all expressed in highly ordered verse, sometimes through a cynical and ironic voice. Formally, the use of sound to create atmosphere, and of "symbols" (images that take on an expanded function within the poem), betray a move towards considering the poem as a self-referential object, an idea further developed by the Symbolists
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916:, in which he found tales and poems that had, he claimed, long existed in his own brain but never taken shape. Baudelaire saw in Poe a precursor and tried to be his French contemporary counterpart. From this time until 1865, he was largely occupied with translating Poe's works; his translations were widely praised. Baudelaire was not the first French translator of Poe, but his "scrupulous translations" were considered among the best. These were published as
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direction of his work and his alleged advocacy of "satanism", his experience of drug-induced states of mind, the figure of the dandy, his stance regarding democracy and its implications for the individual, his response to the spiritual uncertainties of the time, his criticisms of the bourgeois, and his advocacy of modern music and painting (e.g.,
1067:, and Baudelaire. While it's difficult to differentiate who influenced whom, both Manet and Baudelaire discussed and expressed some common themes through their respective arts. Baudelaire praised the modernity of Manet's subject matter: "almost all our originality comes from the stamp that 'time' imprints upon our feelings." When Manet's famous
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his works we see the rejection of the belief in the supremacy of nature and the fundamental goodness of man as typically espoused by the romantics and expressed by them in rhetorical, effusive and public voice in favor of a new urban sensibility, an awareness of individual moral complexity, an interest in vice (linked with
1088:(Félix Tournachon) was a noted caricaturist, scientist and important early photographer. Baudelaire admired Nadar, one of his close friends, and wrote: "Nadar is the most amazing manifestation of vitality." They moved in similar circles and Baudelaire made many social connections through him. Nadar's ex-mistress
1077:, Baudelaire worked privately to support his friend, though he offered no public defense (he was, however, ill at the time). When Baudelaire returned from Belgium after his stroke, Manet and his wife were frequent visitors at the nursing home and she played passages from Wagner for Baudelaire on the piano.
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became
Baudelaire's mistress around 1842. Baudelaire became interested in photography in the 1850s, and denouncing it as an art form, advocated its return to "its real purpose, which is that of being the servant to the sciences and arts". Photography should not, according to Baudelaire, encroach upon
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and
Baudelaire became constant companions from around 1855. In the early 1860s, Baudelaire accompanied Manet on daily sketching trips and often met him socially. Manet also lent Baudelaire money and looked after his affairs, particularly when Baudelaire went to Belgium. Baudelaire encouraged Manet to
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and conceiving the idea of the "total art work" ("Gesamtkunstwerk"), both of which gained
Baudelaire's admiration. Before even hearing Wagner's music, Baudelaire studied reviews and essays about him, and formulated his impressions. Later, Baudelaire put them into his non-technical analysis of Wagner,
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On returning to the taverns of Paris, he began to compose some of the poems of "Les Fleurs du Mal". At 21, he received a sizable inheritance but squandered much of it within a few years. His family obtained a decree to place his property in trust, which he resented bitterly, at one point arguing that
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Baudelaire's biographers have often seen this as a crucial moment, considering that finding himself no longer the sole focus of his mother's affection left him with a trauma, which goes some way to explaining the excesses later apparent in his life. He stated in a letter to her that, "There was in my
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Who among us has not dreamt, in moments of ambition, of the miracle of a poetic prose, musical without rhythm and rhyme, supple and staccato enough to adapt to the lyrical stirrings of the soul, the undulations of dreams, and sudden leaps of consciousness. This obsessive idea is above all a child of
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The principal themes of sex and death were considered scandalous for the period. He also touched on lesbianism, sacred and profane love, metamorphosis, melancholy, the corruption of the city, lost innocence, the oppressiveness of living, and wine. Notable in some poems is
Baudelaire's use of imagery
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Baudelaire is one of the major innovators in French literature. His poetry is influenced by the French romantic poets of the earlier 19th century, although its attention to the formal features of verse connects it more closely to the work of the contemporary "Parnassians". As for theme and tone, in
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Upon the death of his stepfather in 1857, Baudelaire received no mention in the will but he was heartened nonetheless that the division with his mother might now be mended. At 36, he wrote to her: "believe that I belong to you absolutely, and that I belong only to you." His mother died on 16 August
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His stepfather sent him on a voyage to
Calcutta, India in 1841 in the hope of ending his dissolute habits. The trip provided strong impressions of the sea, sailing, and exotic ports, that he later employed in his poetry. Baudelaire later exaggerated his aborted trip to create a legend about his
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Upon gaining his degree in 1839, he told his brother "I don't feel I have a vocation for anything." His stepfather had in mind a career in law or diplomacy, but instead
Baudelaire decided to embark upon a literary career. His mother later recalled: "Oh, what grief! If Charles had let himself be
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shine and dazzle like stars...I applaud your vigorous spirit with all my might." Baudelaire did not appeal the judgment, but his fine was reduced. Nearly 100 years later, on 11 May 1949, Baudelaire was vindicated, the judgment officially reversed, and the six banned poems reinstated in France.
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The book, however, quickly became a byword for unwholesomeness among mainstream critics of the day. Some critics called a few of the poems "masterpieces of passion, art and poetry," but other poems were deemed to merit no less than legal action to suppress them. J. Habas led the charge against
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Baudelaire was an active participant in the artistic life of his times. As critic and essayist, he wrote extensively and perceptively about the luminaries and themes of French culture. He was frank with friends and enemies, rarely took the diplomatic approach and sometimes responded violently
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Beyond his innovations in versification and the theories of symbolism and "correspondences", an awareness of which is essential to any appreciation of the literary value of his work, aspects of his work that regularly receive much critical discussion include the role of women, the theological
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earlier stated: "In artistic matters, I am a supernaturalist. I believe that the artist can not find all his forms in nature, but that the most remarkable are revealed to him in his soul." Gautier's frequent meditations on death and the horror of life are themes which influenced
Baudelaire's
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In the early 1850s, Baudelaire struggled with poor health, pressing debts, and irregular literary output. He often moved from one lodging to another to escape creditors. He undertook many projects that he was unable to complete, though he did finish translations of stories by
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Many of
Baudelaire's works were published posthumously. After his death, his mother paid off his substantial debts, and she found some comfort in Baudelaire's emerging fame. "I see that my son, for all his faults, has his place in literature." She lived another four years.
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His financial difficulties increased again, however, particularly after his publisher Poulet
Malassis went bankrupt in 1861. In 1864, he left Paris for Belgium, partly in the hope of selling the rights to his works and to give lectures. His long-standing relationship with
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Many of
Baudelaire's philosophical proclamations were considered scandalous and intentionally provocative in his time. He wrote on a wide range of subjects, drawing criticism and outrage from many quarters. Along with Poe, Baudelaire named the arch-reactionary
400:, a Haitian born actress became his mistress. She was rejected by his family. His mother thought Duval a "Black Venus" who "tortured him in every way" and drained him of money at every opportunity. Baudelaire made a suicide attempt during this period.
1128:. There are but three beings worthy of respect: the priest, the warrior and the poet. To know, to kill and to create. The rest of mankind may be taxed and drudged, they are born for the stable, that is to say, to practise what they call professions."
361:, where he boarded. At 14, he was described by a classmate as "much more refined and distinguished than any of our fellow pupils ... we are bound to one another ... by shared tastes and sympathies, the precocious love of fine works of literature."
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in Paris, studying law, a popular course for those not yet decided on any particular career. He began to frequent prostitutes and may have contracted gonorrhea and syphilis during this period. He also began to run up debts, mostly for clothes.
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His first published work, under the pseudonym Baudelaire Dufaÿs, was his art review "Salon of 1845", which attracted immediate attention for its boldness. Many of his critical opinions were novel in their time, including his championing of
1016:, writer and poet, earned Baudelaire's respect for his perfection of form and his mastery of language, though Baudelaire thought he lacked deeper emotion and spirituality. Both strove to express the artist's inner vision, which
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childhood a period of passionate love for you." Baudelaire regularly begged his mother for money throughout his career, often promising that a lucrative publishing contract or journalistic commission was just around the corner.
336:. His father, Joseph-François Baudelaire (1759–1827), a senior civil servant and amateur artist, who at 60, was 34 years older than Baudelaire's 26-year-old mother, Caroline (née Dufaÿs) (1794–1871); she was his second wife.
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Baudelaire, his publisher and the printer were successfully prosecuted for creating an offense against public morals. They were fined, but Baudelaire was not imprisoned. Six of the poems were suppressed, but printed later as
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Baudelaire's influence on the direction of modern French (and English) language literature was considerable. The most significant French writers to come after him were generous with tributes; four years after his death,
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strike out on his own path and not succumb to criticism. "Manet has great talent, a talent which will stand the test of time. But he has a weak character. He seems to me crushed and stunned by shock." In his painting
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1256:'s life from January to May 1844, in which (among other things) Poe becomes involved with a young Baudelaire in a plot to expose Baudelaires' stepfather to blackmail, to free up Baudelaires' patrimony.
976:. In private correspondence, Delacroix stated that Baudelaire "really gets on my nerves" and he expressed his unhappiness with Baudelaire's persistent comments about "melancholy" and "feverishness".
1799:"By modernity I mean the transitory, the fugitive, the contingent which make up one half of art, the other being the eternal and the immutable." Charles Baudelaire, "The Painter of Modern Life" in
534:"You know that I have always considered that literature and the arts pursue an aim independent of morality. Beauty of conception and style is enough for me. But this book, whose title (
701:) (1880), originally an article "Comment on paye ses dettes quand on a du génie" ("How one pays one's debts when one has genius"), in which his criticism turns against his friends
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guided by his stepfather, his career would have been very different ... He would not have left a name in literature, it is true, but we should have been happier, all three of us."
514:(and acquitted), was impressed and wrote to Baudelaire: "You have found a way to rejuvenate Romanticism...You are as unyielding as marble, and as penetrating as an English mist."
753:, his life of stress, and his poverty had taken a toll and Baudelaire had aged noticeably. But at last, his mother relented and agreed to let him live with her for a while at
530:: "Everything in it which is not hideous is incomprehensible, everything one understands is putrid." Baudelaire responded to the outcry in a prophetic letter to his mother:
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Baudelaire was a slow and very attentive worker. However, he often was sidetracked by indolence, emotional distress and illness, and it was not until 1857 that he published
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272:. His poems are described as exhibiting mastery of rhyme and rhythm, containing an exoticism inherited from the Romantics, and are based on observations of real life.
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The poems found a small, yet appreciative audience. However, greater public attention was given to their subject matter. The effect on fellow artists was, as
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Joseph-François died during Baudelaire's childhood, at rue Hautefeuille, Paris, on 10 February 1827. The following year, Caroline married Lieutenant Colonel
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assessment of 19th-century culture. For Benjamin, Baudelaire's importance lay in his anatomies of the crowd, of the city and of modernity. He says that, in
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1093:"the domain of the impalpable and the imaginary". Nadar remained a stalwart friend right to Baudelaire's last days and wrote his obituary notice in
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313:) to designate the fleeting experience of life in an urban metropolis, and the responsibility of artistic expression to capture that experience.
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1231:, "the specific devaluation of the world of things, as manifested in the commodity, is the foundation of Baudelaire's allegorical intention."
781:, and in Brussels he began to drink to excess. Baudelaire suffered a massive stroke in 1866 and paralysis followed. After more than a year of
570:, without these poems, but with considerable additions, appeared in 1861. Many notables rallied behind Baudelaire and condemned the sentence.
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1812:""If we had to nominate a first modernist, Baudelaire would surely be the man."" Marshall Berman, "Everything That Is Solid Melts Into Air"
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continued on-and-off, and he helped her to the end of his life. Baudelaire's relationships with actress Marie Daubrun and with courtesan
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At the same time that Eliot was affirming Baudelaire's importance from a broadly conservative and explicitly Christian viewpoint,
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and wrote for a revolutionary newspaper. However, his interest in politics was passing, as he was later to note in his journals.
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2784:– site of The Baudelaire Song Project, a UK-based AHRC-funded academic project examining song settings of Baudelaire's poetry
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851:). He made Paris the subject of modern poetry. He brought the city's details to life in the eyes and hearts of his readers.
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Baudelaire was erratic in his studies, at times diligent, at other times prone to "idleness". Later, he attended the
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2795:– largest Internet site dedicated to Charles Baudelaire. Poems and prose are available in English, French and Czech.
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during the mid-19th century. Baudelaire's original style of prose-poetry influenced a generation of poets including
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and free-spender, going through much of his inheritance and allowance in a short period of time. During this time,
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allowing him to fail financially would have been the one sure way of teaching him to keep his finances in order.
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1073:(1865), a portrait of a nude prostitute, provoked a scandal for its blatant realism mixed with an imitation of
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In 1846, Baudelaire wrote his second Salon review, gaining additional credibility as an advocate and critic of
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stated, "immense, prodigious, unexpected, mingled with admiration and with some indefinable anxious fear".
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of the sense of smell and of fragrances, which is used to evoke feelings of nostalgia and past intimacy.
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Eliot, T.S.: Typescript, Hayward Bequest ; subsequently adapted for the lecture later published as
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as the foremost Romantic artist gained widespread notice. The following year Baudelaire's novella
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of the Catholic Church. The last year of his life was spent in a semi-paralyzed state in various
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were able to do so from a dramatically different perspective. Benjamin translated Baudelaire's
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has "assembled one of the world's most comprehensive research collections on ... Baudelaire".
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being one example of his efforts during that time. In 1860, he became an ardent supporter of
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writings. In gratitude for their friendship and commonality of vision, Baudelaire dedicated
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1606:: "Abel And Cain (Abel et Cain)" and "Remorse of the Dead (Remords posthume)" (1993, on
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Baudelaire was born in Paris, France, on 9 April 1821, and baptized two months later at
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in Brussels and in Paris, where he died on 31 August 1867. Baudelaire is buried in the
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1771:. Judge, Harry George., Toyne, Anthony. Oxford : Oxford University Press. p. 38.
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verbally, which often undermined his cause. His associations were numerous, including
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2028:(XXVe année, seconde série de la nouvelle période, tome dixième), 1855. pp. 1079–1093
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Ziegler, Jean (March 1979). "F. Baudelaire (1759–1827) Peintre et Amateur D'art".
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Portrait of Baudelaire at 23 years old, painted in 1844 by Émile Deroy (1820–1846)
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published "Le Tombeau de Charles Baudelaire", a sonnet in Baudelaire's memory.
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Baudelaire had no formal musical training, and knew little of composers beyond
844:
762:
298:
5486:
5055:
4081:
4045:
3856:
2833:
1581:
1215:
In the late 1930s, Benjamin used Baudelaire as a starting point and focus for
5849:
5783:
5690:
5481:
5446:
5436:
5416:
5348:
5298:
5163:
5153:
4938:
4913:
4801:
4775:
4663:
4444:
4315:
3921:
3851:
3826:
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3771:
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2998:
2706:
2701:
2668:
2588:
2569:
1700:
1249:
1180:
1169:
832:
743:
510:
294:
257:
4673:
2762:
2719:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 536–537.
1786:
5808:
5451:
5426:
5401:
5368:
5338:
5258:
5218:
5120:
5065:
4975:
4943:
4933:
4918:
4658:
4521:
4511:
4485:
4330:
4285:
4009:
3941:
3931:
3871:
3821:
3766:
3577:
3495:
3466:
3317:
2827:
1089:
770:
720:
666:
648:
397:
276:
4816:
376:
5466:
5333:
5183:
4780:
4683:
4627:
4434:
4300:
4004:
3936:
3670:
3531:
3490:
3439:
3312:
3224:
3123:
2731:
1766:
1603:
1300:
1188:
1125:
893:
889:
885:
571:
445:
436:
1872:
Une histoire des parents d'écrivains : De Balzac à Marguerite Duras
1212:
into German and published a major essay on translation as the foreword.
1120:
and adopted increasingly aristocratic views. In his journals, he wrote:
4587:
3906:
3886:
3876:
3525:
3362:
2968:, featuring the original French alongside multiple English translations
2822:
Nikolas Kompridis on Baudelaire's poetry, art, and the "memory of loss"
790:
786:
757:. Baudelaire was productive and at peace in the seaside town, his poem
542:
269:
265:
859:
142:
5248:
4577:
4459:
3791:
3510:
3011:
2903:– largest site dedicated to Baudelaire's poems and prose, containing
1803:, edited and translated by Jonathan Mayne. London: Phaidon Press, 13.
1637:
1164:
praised him in a letter as "the king of poets, a true God". In 1895,
1096:
997:
617:
525:
318:
306:
2537:(1996), "The study begins with some reflections on the influence of
1148:
385:
youthful travels and experiences, including "riding on elephants".
5388:
2889:
2816:
2492:, trans. Howard Eiland and Kevin McLaughlin, Belknap/Harvard, 1999.
1989:. By Charles Baudelaire. London: Penguin Books Ltd. p. xxiii.
1591:
1141:
754:
750:
678:, September 1858); various articles contributed to Eugène Crépet's
2885:
2700:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2369:"Intimate journals :: :: University of Virginia Library"
5631:
5060:
3811:
3402:
782:
350:, who later became a French ambassador to various noble courts.
2781:
2466:
cf. Eliot, 'Religion in Literature', in Eliot, op. cit., p. 388.
1694:
1514:: "L'Invitation au voyage" (1870) and "La vie antérieure" (1884)
1176:, Baudelaire was "the greatest poet of the nineteenth century".
459:
3505:
2979:
2938:– Sean Bonney's experimental translations of Baudelaire (humor)
1625:
901:
716:
3193:
2607:"François Porché (1877-1944) | The National Library of Israel"
1874:(in French). Paris, France: Editions Flammarion. p. 274.
231:
184:
2801:– site dedicated to Baudelaire's poems and prose, containing
2444:, The Hudson Review Vol. 2, No. 3 (Autumn, 1949), pp. 327–342
1124:"There is no form of rational and assured government save an
778:
393:
261:
72:
2788:
Twilight to Dawn: Charles Baudelaire – Cordite Poetry Review
1183:
credited Baudelaire as providing an initial impetus for the
811:
giant cities, of the intersecting of their myriad relations.
3461:
2792:
2549:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press, pp. 94–98,
2505:(1996), "The Paris of the Second Empire in Baudelaire", in
493:) in 1855, when they were published by Baudelaire's friend
358:
219:
210:
178:
172:
2513:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press, pp. 3–92,
2008:
2006:
1962:. Vol. 1. Paris: Librairie A. Rouquette. p. 339.
839:, who acknowledge Baudelaire as a pioneer in this regard.
629:
Baudelaire next worked on a translation and adaptation of
2961:
1493:
any relevant information into other sections or articles.
1172:, in an essay published in 1922, stated that, along with
582:
In the poem "Au lecteur" ("To the Reader") that prefaces
1187:
movement by virtue of his translations of Poe. In 1930,
912:
In 1847, Baudelaire became acquainted with the works of
2003:
1960:
Manual de L'Amateur de Livres du XIXe Siècle: 1801–1893
695:
Un Dernier Chapitre de l'histoire des oeuvres de Balzac
1252:
is a fictional treatment of the unaccounted period in
2657:"Serge Gainsbourg's 20 greatest recordings – ranked!"
691:
French poets; Artificial Paradises: opium and hashish
204:
1690:
228:
213:
207:
181:
175:
169:
2575:
differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies
2475:'The Task of the Translator', in Benjamin, Walter:
2457:, line 76. gutenberg.org. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
2418:, p. 20, Fontana, 1962 (originally published 1931).
952:) (1865). Two essays on Poe are to be found in his
225:
166:
1676:: "Mosaick" and "The Driving Rain (18)" (2023, on
639:. Other works in the years that followed included
2604:
699:A Final Chapter of the history of works of Balzac
392:Baudelaire became known in artistic circles as a
30:"Baudelaire" redirects here. For other uses, see
5847:
2978:(Charles Baudelaire / une édition illustrée par
1324:Réflexions sur Quelques-uns de mes Contemporains
2830:– the influence of Baudelaire on Bengali poetry
2039:The Poems and Prose Poems of Charles Baudelaire
2024:Baudelaire, Charles. Les Fleurs du mal. Paris:
2405:, p. 286, trans. John Sturrock, Penguin, 1994.
419:1871, outliving her son by almost four years.
5647:
3209:
3027:
749:By 1859, his illnesses, his long-term use of
508:, recently attacked in a similar fashion for
2835:Alexander Barykin – The Invitation to Travel
2817:Charles Baudelaire International Association
1764:
1144:of Charles Baudelaire, Montparnasse Cemetery
1094:
1037:
1005:that swept Europe in the following decades.
652:); a series of art reviews published in the
523:
2431:, pp. 422 and 425, Faber & Faber, 1961.
1801:The Painter of Modern Life and Other Essays
1366:Œuvres Posthumes et Correspondance Générale
968:A strong supporter of the Romantic painter
317:has credited Baudelaire as being the first
5654:
5640:
3216:
3202:
3034:
3020:
2737:
1985:Clark, Carol (1995). "Notes on the Text".
1869:
1825:. David R. Godine Publisher, 1983, p.xxv.
1059:, Manet includes portraits of his friends
593:Has wove no pleasing patterns in the stuff
49:
2587:
2248:
2246:
2176:(1st ed.). Greenwood Press. p.
2103:
2101:
2037:Huneker, James. Introductory preface to:
1971:
1969:
590:... If rape or arson, poison or the knife
3173:Les Derniers Jours de Charles Baudelaire
2705:
2654:
2533:
2501:
2012:
1274:Baudelaire, Bibliothèque de la Pléiade,
1269:
1147:
1136:
1032:
858:
734:
715:
616:
541:
458:
375:
2351:"The Cambridge Companion to Baudelaire"
1957:
1850:
1132:
566:) (Brussels, 1866). Another edition of
256:; 9 April 1821 – 31 August 1867) was a
14:
5848:
3041:
2730:(Hamish Hamilton, 1989) translated by
2570:"Inhuman beauty: Baudelaire's bad sex"
2567:
2243:
2218:
2098:
1966:
1463:
1439:Selected Letters of Charles Baudelaire
599:It is because we are not bold enough!
596:Of this drab canvas we accept as life—
452:
5941:Obscenity controversies in literature
5635:
5563:Romanticism and the French Revolution
3197:
3015:
2644:from the original on 10 October 2022.
2479:, pp. 253–263, Belknap/Harvard, 1996.
2403:Against Sainte-Beuve and Other Essays
2169:
2041:. New York: Brentano's, 1919. p. xvii
1984:
1239:Charles Baudelaire: Poetry Collection
1237:published a poetry collection called
636:Confessions of an English Opium-Eater
243:
2964:– Definitive online presentation of
2877:Works by or about Charles Baudelaire
1870:Boquel, Anne; Kern, Étienne (2010).
1821:Charles Baudelaire, Richard Howard.
1652:: "Les litanies de Satan" (2016, on
1594:: "How Beautiful You Are" (1987, on
1467:
1433:Selected Writings on Art and Artists
1382:My Heart Laid Bare & Other Texts
1360:Translations from Charles Baudelaire
1008:
422:
2936:"baudelaire in english", Onedit.net
2547:Selected writings: Vol. 4 1938–1940
2511:Selected writings: Vol. 4 1938–1940
2477:Selected Writings Vol. 1: 1913–1926
1664:: "Le serpent qui danse" (2022, on
963:
926:Nouvelles histoires extraordinaires
24:
5661:
2921:– selected works at Poetry Archive
2655:Petridis, Alexis (13 April 2023).
1765:Norwich, John Julius (1985–1993).
907:
27:French poet and critic (1821–1867)
25:
5977:
5951:French psychedelic drug advocates
2972:An illustrated version (8 Mb) of
2770:
2225:. Yale University Press. p.
1523:Cinq poèmes de Charles Baudelaire
1484:list of miscellaneous information
1451:Critique d'art; Critique musicale
1384:(Contra Mundum Press: 2017; 2020)
979:
946:Histoires grotesques et sérieuses
5911:Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery
5616:
5615:
2893:
2828:baudelaireetbengale.blogspot.com
2747:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
2734:, with research by Jean Ziegler.
2693:
2290:"Music in the Tuileries Gardens"
2145:"Baudelaire: Une Micro-Histoire"
1707:
1693:
1547:Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin)
1472:
1042:(1869 print of 1865 etching) by
1028:
275:His most famous work, a book of
200:
162:
141:
5886:19th-century French translators
5876:19th-century French journalists
3223:
2955:
2851:
2648:
2624:
2598:
2527:
2495:
2482:
2469:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2427:'Baudelaire', in Eliot, T. S.:
2421:
2408:
2392:
2379:
2361:
2343:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2163:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2089:
2080:
2071:
2062:
2053:
2044:
2031:
2018:
1978:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1768:Oxford illustrated encyclopedia
1421:Baudelaire as a Literary Critic
1179:In the English-speaking world,
291:Haussmann's renovation of Paris
5906:Translators of Edgar Allan Poe
3165:Portrait of Charles Baudelaire
2389:, p. 253, NRF/Gallimard, 1972.
1897:
1888:
1863:
1844:
1815:
1806:
1793:
1758:
1742:
1221:, his monumental attempt at a
612:
13:
1:
5586:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
2927:at Poems Found in Translation
1730:
1104:
950:Grotesque and serious stories
935:Aventures d'Arthur Gordon Pym
324:
103:Poet, art critic, philosopher
2077:Richardson 1994, pp. 232–237
1640:: "Recueillement" (2009, on
1330:Le Peintre de la Vie Moderne
854:
729:Budapest Museum of Fine Arts
654:Pays, Exposition universelle
7:
5936:Lycée Louis-le-Grand alumni
2942:Works by Charles Baudelaire
2931:Baudelaire – Eighteen Poems
2919:Poems by Charles Baudelaire
2892:(public domain audiobooks)
2886:Works by Charles Baudelaire
2867:Works by Charles Baudelaire
2858:Works by Charles Baudelaire
2782:The Baudelaire Song Project
2568:Marder, Elissa (May 2016).
2222:Baudelaire, Man of His Time
1686:
1544:(1967), and the posthumous
1541:Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire
1459:(Contra Mundum Press: 2019)
1356:(Contra Mundum Press: 2021)
1204:critics such as Wilson and
1039:Charles Baudelaire, de face
439:. His continued support of
357:Baudelaire was educated in
32:Baudelaire (disambiguation)
10:
5982:
5896:English–French translators
5503:Coleridge's theory of life
3147:The Painter of Modern Life
2711:Baudelaire, Charles Pierre
2686:
2605:Bain News Service (2022).
1921:Richardson 1994, pp. 67–68
1413:The Painter of Modern Life
29:
5946:Philosophers of pessimism
5891:19th-century male writers
5881:19th-century French poets
5827:
5750:
5707:
5671:
5595:
5558:Romanticism and economics
5495:
5387:
5134:
4956:
4901:
4870:
4794:
4743:
4692:
4651:
4560:
4504:
4468:
4422:
4413:
4258:
4202:
4151:
4110:
4069:
4023:
3965:
3835:
3714:
3636:
3573:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
3555:
3546:
3432:
3300:
3231:
3156:
3115:
3088:
3049:
2777:Charles Baudelaire's Cats
2219:Hyslop, Lois Boe (1980).
1958:Vicaire, Georges (1894).
1597:Kiss Me, Kiss Me, Kiss Me
1241:in memory of Baudelaire.
1154:Cimetière du Montparnasse
992:. Weber was in some ways
930:New extraordinary stories
918:Histoires extraordinaires
804:
795:Cimetière du Montparnasse
550:, by Baudelaire's friend
152:Charles Pierre Baudelaire
140:
135:
125:
117:
107:
99:
82:
68:Charles Pierre Baudelaire
64:
48:
41:
5814:Jean-Philippe Salabreuil
5755:d'aujourd'hui: 1946–1970
3338:German historical school
2632:"Library.vanderbilt.edu"
2589:10.1215/10407391-3522733
2209:Richardson 1994, p. 140.
2200:Richardson 1994, p. 268.
2125:Richardson 1994, p. 281.
2116:Richardson 1994, p. 311.
2107:Richardson 1994, p. 250.
2086:Richardson 1994, p. 238.
2068:Richardson 1994, p. 231.
2059:Richardson 1994, p. 241.
2050:Richardson 1994, p. 236.
1975:Richardson 1994, p. 110.
1948:Richardson 1994, p. 219.
1735:
1628:: "Élévation" (2005, on
1481:This section contains a
1265:
1080:
996:'s precursor, using the
5901:French male journalists
3985:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
3139:Les Paradis artificiels
3004:16 October 2008 at the
2999:Les Foules (The Crowds)
2950:Baudelaire par ses Amis
2716:Encyclopædia Britannica
2134:Richardson 1994, p. 400
2095:Richardson 1994, p. 248
1586:La Tristesse de la lune
1427:Arts in Paris 1845–1862
1400:The Essence of Laughter
1317:Les paradis artificiels
1152:Grave of Baudelaire in
685:Les Paradis artificiels
670:, 18 October 1857); on
546:Illustration cover for
522:Baudelaire, writing in
495:Auguste Poulet-Malassis
245:[ʃaʁl(ə)bodlɛʁ]
5931:French Roman Catholics
5740:Les Chants de Maldoror
5568:Romanticism in science
5523:Middle Ages in history
5518:List of Romantic poets
4230:Josiah Gilbert Holland
3181:The Baudelaire Fractal
2270:Hyslop (1980), p. 131.
1939:Richardson 1994, p. 75
1930:Richardson 1994, p. 71
1912:Richardson 1994, p. 70
1903:Richardson 1994, p. 35
1894:Richardson 1994, p. 16
1853:Gazette des Beaux-Arts
1406:Curiosités Esthétiques
1336:Curiosités Esthétiques
1283:
1156:
1145:
1130:
1095:
1056:Music in the Tuileries
1046:
1038:
960:) (vols. v. and vi.).
868:
824:
746:
732:
642:Petits Poèmes en prose
626:
554:
540:
524:
470:
381:
55:Charles Baudelaire by
5804:Roger-Arnould Rivière
5538:Romantic epistemology
5528:Opium and Romanticism
4097:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
3323:Counter-Enlightenment
3072:Les Litanies de Satan
3008:– English translation
2991:9 August 2008 at the
2909:Petit poemes et prose
2807:Petit poemes et prose
2399:Concerning Baudelaire
2340:Hyslop (1980), p. 63.
2331:Hyslop (1980), p. 65.
2322:Hyslop (1980), p. 51.
2313:Hyslop (1980), p. 53.
2279:Hyslop (1980), p. 55.
2252:Hyslop (1980), p. 68.
2173:The History of France
2170:Haine, Scott (2000).
2026:Revue des Deux Mondes
1724:Épater la bourgeoisie
1575:The Litanies of Satan
1556:: "Baudelaire" (1962)
1457:Belgium Stripped Bare
1273:
1260:Vanderbilt University
1246:A Singular Conspiracy
1151:
1140:
1122:
1036:
922:Extraordinary stories
862:
808:
738:
719:
620:
545:
532:
486:Revue des deux mondes
463:The first edition of
462:
379:
334:Roman Catholic Church
305:. He coined the term
5916:Deaths from syphilis
5699:Comte de Lautréamont
5602:Age of Enlightenment
3244:England (literature)
2995:– poem by Baudelaire
2294:The National Gallery
2261:Hyslop (1980), p. 69
1620:Two Baudelaire Songs
1616:Mark-Anthony Turnage
1390:, 1922–53 (19 vols.)
1133:Influence and legacy
687:: opium et haschisch
574:wrote to him: "Your
502:Théodore de Banville
491:Review of Two Worlds
403:He took part in the
366:Lycée Louis-le-Grand
112:Lycée Louis-le-Grand
5921:Decadent literature
5553:Romantic psychology
3348:Hudson River School
3292:Sweden (literature)
3277:Russia (literature)
3065:Le Désir de peindre
2490:The Arcades Project
2401:in Proust, Marcel:
2151:on 10 February 2011
1464:Musical adaptations
676:Revue contemporaine
658:Country, World Fair
481:The Flowers of Evil
469:with author's notes
454:The Flowers of Evil
405:Revolutions of 1848
287:The Flowers of Evil
5966:Writers from Paris
5926:French art critics
5861:Charles Baudelaire
5774:Jean-Pierre Duprey
5769:Gilberte H. Dallas
5732:Les Poètes maudits
5677:Charles Baudelaire
3538:White Mountain art
3479:Historical fiction
3287:Spain (literature)
3105:Le Spleen de Paris
3089:Poetry collections
3043:Charles Baudelaire
2925:Baudelaire's poems
2915:and more in French
2901:Charles Baudelaire
2813:and more in French
2799:Charles Baudelaire
2739:Richardson, Joanna
2488:Benjamin, Walter:
2442:From Poe to Valéry
1445:Twenty Prose Poems
1349:Le Spleen de Paris
1284:
1210:Tableaux Parisiens
1157:
1146:
1075:Renaissance motifs
1047:
869:
819:Le Spleen de Paris
791:"maisons de santé"
785:, he received the
775:Apollonie Sabatier
747:
740:Apollonie Sabatier
733:
627:
555:
471:
382:
43:Charles Baudelaire
5843:
5842:
5716:Les Fleurs du mal
5629:
5628:
5543:Romantic medicine
5513:List of romantics
4952:
4951:
4603:Felix Mendelssohn
4598:Fanny Mendelssohn
4409:
4408:
4123:Rosalía de Castro
4061:Soares dos Passos
3409:Transcendentalism
3373:Nazarene movement
3333:Düsseldorf School
3191:
3190:
3097:Les Fleurs du mal
2980:inkwatercolor.com
2974:Les Fleurs du Mal
2862:Project Gutenberg
2793:www.baudelaire.cz
2539:Les Fleurs du mal
2387:Oeuvres complètes
2385:Rimbaud, Arthur:
1996:978-0-14-044624-1
1881:978-2-0812-2833-7
1859:(pt. 1): 109–134.
1839:978-0-87923-462-1
1823:Les Fleurs Du Mal
1535:Les Fleurs du mal
1508:
1507:
1378:Mon Cœur Mis à Nu
1309:Les Fleurs du mal
1228:Les Fleurs du mal
1166:Stéphane Mallarmé
1112:Joseph de Maistre
1065:Jacques Offenbach
1061:Théophile Gautier
1023:Les Fleurs du mal
1009:Théophile Gautier
974:Les Fleurs du mal
707:Théophile Gautier
672:Théophile Gautier
631:Thomas De Quincey
584:Les Fleurs du mal
568:Les Fleurs du mal
476:Les Fleurs du mal
466:Les Fleurs du mal
423:Publishing career
303:Stéphane Mallarmé
282:Les Fleurs du mal
149:
148:
126:Literary movement
16:(Redirected from
5973:
5799:André de Richaud
5779:André Frédérique
5656:
5649:
5642:
5633:
5632:
5619:
5618:
5578:Evolution theory
4420:
4419:
3553:
3552:
3414:Ukrainian school
3218:
3211:
3204:
3195:
3194:
3132:The Pagan School
3036:
3029:
3022:
3013:
3012:
2946:
2897:
2896:
2881:Internet Archive
2845:Harmonie du soir
2836:
2766:
2720:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2636:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2560:
2543:Benjamin, Walter
2535:Benjamin, Walter
2531:
2525:
2524:
2507:Benjamin, Walter
2503:Benjamin, Walter
2499:
2493:
2486:
2480:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2455:"The Waste Land"
2451:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2425:
2419:
2414:Wilson, Edmund:
2412:
2406:
2396:
2390:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2305:
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1554:Serge Gainsbourg
1503:
1500:
1494:
1476:
1475:
1468:
1415:and Other Essays
1388:Œuvres Complètes
1342:L'art romantique
1276:Œuvres complètes
1218:Das Passagenwerk
1100:
1041:
964:Eugène Delacroix
954:Œuvres complètes
898:Gustave Flaubert
822:
711:Gérard de Nerval
703:Honoré de Balzac
662:Gustave Flaubert
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5533:Romantic ballet
5508:German idealism
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4847:Rimsky-Korsakov
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3521:Romantic genius
3451:Gesamtkunstwerk
3428:
3389:Sturm und Drang
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2993:Wayback Machine
2962:FleursDuMal.org
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2724:Pichois, Claude
2709:, ed. (1911). "
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1679:I've Seen a Way
1662:Pierre Lapointe
1564:Flowers of Evil
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1466:
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1254:Edgar Allan Poe
1235:François Porché
1206:Walter Benjamin
1174:Alfred de Vigny
1135:
1117:maître à penser
1107:
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874:Gustave Courbet
865:Gustave Courbet
857:
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680:Poètes français
615:
606:'s translation)
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2771:External links
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2721:
2707:Chisholm, Hugh
2688:
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2611:www.nli.org.il
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2017:
2015:, p. 537.
2002:
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1987:Selected Poems
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1280:Complete Works
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1194:The Waste Land
1162:Arthur Rimbaud
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1018:Heinrich Heine
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978:
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958:Complete works
909:
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878:Honoré Daumier
856:
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816:Dedication of
813:
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763:Richard Wagner
693:) (1860); and
660:); studies on
621:Baudelaire by
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90:(aged 46)
86:31 August 1867
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3947:P. B. Shelley
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3927:Mary Robinson
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3485:Mal du siècle
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2966:Fleurs du mal
2963:
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2905:Fleurs du mal
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2847:– Tina Noiret
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2824:(Flash/HTML5)
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2803:Fleurs du mal
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2702:public domain
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2453:T. S. Eliot,
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2416:Axel's Castle
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2355:cambridge.org
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2014:
2013:Chisholm 1911
2009:
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1855:(in French).
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1831:0-87923-462-8
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1701:Poetry portal
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1394:Mirror of Art
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1292:
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1288:Salon de 1845
1286:
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1250:Barry Perowne
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1181:Edmund Wilson
1177:
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1167:
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1044:Édouard Manet
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1029:Édouard Manet
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882:Félicien Rops
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744:Vincent Vidal
742:, painted by
741:
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725:Édouard Manet
723:, painted by
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576:fleurs du mal
573:
569:
565:
561:
553:
552:Félicien Rops
549:
544:
539:
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536:Fleurs du mal
531:
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527:
519:
515:
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512:
511:Madame Bovary
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331:Saint-Sulpice
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295:Paul Verlaine
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52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5809:Armand Robin
5789:Gérald Neveu
5751:
5738:
5730:
5722:
5719:(Baudelaire)
5714:
5676:
5662:
5614:
5607:
5600:
5584:
5304:Porto-Alegre
4958:Philosophers
4842:Rachmaninoff
4291:Chavchavadze
4281:Baratashvili
4041:João de Deus
4010:Wincenty Pol
3802:Küchelbecker
3645:
3530:
3496:Noble savage
3483:
3449:
3424:Wallenrodism
3401:
3387:
3318:Coppet group
3252:(literature)
3184:(2020 novel)
3179:
3176:(1988 novel)
3171:
3163:
3137:
3122:
3103:
3095:
3042:
2973:
2965:
2956:Single works
2912:
2908:
2904:
2852:Online texts
2810:
2806:
2802:
2743:
2727:
2714:
2672:. Retrieved
2661:The Guardian
2660:
2650:
2626:
2614:. Retrieved
2610:
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2373:virginia.edu
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2318:
2309:
2297:. Retrieved
2284:
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2214:
2205:
2196:
2172:
2165:
2153:. Retrieved
2149:the original
2139:
2130:
2121:
2112:
2091:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2046:
2038:
2033:
2025:
2020:
1986:
1980:
1959:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1908:
1899:
1890:
1871:
1865:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1822:
1817:
1808:
1800:
1795:
1767:
1760:
1749:"Baudelaire"
1744:
1722:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1619:
1608:
1595:
1585:
1573:
1563:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1521:
1512:Henri Duparc
1496:
1482:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
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1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1354:Paris Spleen
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1315:
1307:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1282:), volume I.
1279:
1275:
1258:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1199:
1192:
1178:
1158:
1123:
1115:
1108:
1090:Jeanne Duval
1084:
1068:
1054:
1048:
1025:to Gautier.
1022:
1012:
983:
973:
967:
957:
953:
949:
945:
939:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
911:
870:
863:Portrait by
841:
825:
817:
809:
799:
771:Jeanne Duval
767:
758:
748:
721:Jeanne Duval
698:
694:
690:
683:
679:
675:
665:
657:
653:
646:
640:
634:
628:
604:Roy Campbell
583:
581:
575:
567:
563:
559:
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547:
535:
533:
520:
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509:
499:
490:
484:
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453:
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434:
426:
417:
409:
402:
398:Jeanne Duval
391:
387:
383:
371:
363:
356:
352:
338:
328:
310:
286:
280:
277:lyric poetry
274:
151:
150:
88:(1867-08-31)
70:9 April 1821
36:
5871:1867 deaths
5866:1821 births
5708:Major works
5294:Michałowski
5126:Wackenroder
5091:F. Schlegel
5086:A. Schlegel
4862:Tchaikovsky
4751:Bortkiewicz
4623:R. Schumann
4618:C. Schumann
4583:Kalkbrenner
4552:Saint-Saëns
3857:Anne Brontë
3742:Eichendorff
3727:B. v. Arnim
3722:A. v. Arnim
3532:Weltschmerz
3491:Medievalism
3440:Blue flower
3368:Nationalist
3313:Bohemianism
3225:Romanticism
3124:La Fanfarlo
3116:Other works
2986:"The Rebel"
2945:(in French)
2732:Graham Robb
2582:(1): 1–24.
1604:Marc Almond
1582:Gérard Pape
1368:, 1887–1907
1301:La Fanfarlo
1223:materialist
1189:T. S. Eliot
1126:aristocracy
894:Victor Hugo
890:Champfleury
886:Franz Liszt
649:Prose poems
613:Final years
572:Victor Hugo
446:La Fanfarlo
437:Romanticism
344: [
258:French poet
5956:Sonneteers
5850:Categories
5735:(Verlaine)
5169:Chassériau
5144:Aivazovsky
4852:Rubinstein
4837:Mussorgsky
4786:Wieniawski
4771:Paderewski
4613:Moszkowski
4396:Vörösmarty
4386:Shevchenko
4240:Longfellow
4164:Batyushkov
4159:Baratynsky
4128:Espronceda
3995:Mickiewicz
3990:Malczewski
3957:Wordsworth
3942:M. Shelley
3897:de Quincey
3762:Günderrode
3646:Baudelaire
3526:Wanderlust
3363:Lake Poets
3168:(painting)
3157:Depictions
3058:L'albatros
2871:Faded Page
2744:Baudelaire
2728:Baudelaire
2616:23 October
1731:References
1560:Ruth White
1248:(1974) by
1244:The novel
1105:Philosophy
932:) (1857),
924:) (1856),
787:last rites
564:The Wrecks
560:Les Épaves
548:Les Épaves
325:Early life
270:art critic
266:translator
100:Occupation
18:Baudelaire
5727:(Rimbaud)
5609:Modernism
5269:Kiprensky
5229:Géricault
5214:Friedrich
5204:Delacroix
5179:Constable
5159:Bonington
5149:Bierstadt
5101:Senancour
5076:Schelling
5031:Lamennais
5026:Khomyakov
4991:Coleridge
4986:Chaadayev
4893:Stanković
4888:Mokranjac
4807:Balakirev
4766:Moniuszko
4715:Donizetti
4710:Cherubini
4608:Meyerbeer
4593:Marschner
4568:Beethoven
4481:Moscheles
4415:Musicians
4401:Wergeland
4366:Orbeliani
4321:Grundtvig
4225:Hawthorne
4194:Zhukovsky
4189:Vyazemsky
4174:Lermontov
4133:Gutiérrez
4092:Radičević
4056:Herculano
3980:Krasiński
3922:Radcliffe
3892:Coleridge
3867:E. Brontë
3862:C. Brontë
3792:Jean Paul
3787:Hölderlin
3676:Lamartine
3613:Magalhães
3603:Guimarães
3511:Pantheism
3501:Nostalgia
3353:Indianism
3301:Movements
3232:Countries
2669:0261-3077
2155:6 January
1643:Amesoeurs
1638:Amesoeurs
1631:Le Secret
1622:(2003–04)
1530:Léo Ferré
1499:July 2024
1202:left-wing
1185:Symbolist
1097:Le Figaro
1003:Wagnerism
998:leitmotif
986:Beethoven
970:Delacroix
855:Critiques
849:Delacroix
829:decadence
797:, Paris.
759:Le Voyage
727:in 1862 (
667:L'Artiste
526:Le Figaro
441:Delacroix
430:Delacroix
319:Modernist
311:modernité
307:modernity
136:Signature
121:1844–1866
108:Education
5621:Category
5437:Dahlhaus
5422:Blanning
5389:Scholars
5359:Tropinin
5354:Tidemand
5344:Stattler
5339:Scheffer
5239:Głowacki
5209:Edelfelt
5164:Bryullov
5106:Snellman
5081:Schiller
5071:Rousseau
5051:Michelet
4996:Constant
4966:Belinsky
4939:Sibelius
4883:Konjović
4857:Scriabin
4827:Lyapunov
4761:Lipiński
4730:Spontini
4720:Paganini
4664:Goldmark
4455:Thalberg
4450:Schubert
4430:Bruckner
4391:Topelius
4381:Runeberg
4371:Prešeren
4341:Leopardi
4306:Frashëri
4296:Eminescu
4276:Andersen
4184:Tyutchev
4169:Karamzin
4143:Zorrilla
4138:Saavedra
4036:Castilho
4024:Portugal
4015:Słowacki
3917:Polidori
3847:Barbauld
3782:Hoffmann
3737:Brentano
3651:Bertrand
3472:Romantic
3308:Ancients
3282:Scotland
3149:" (1863)
3134:" (1852)
3079:The Swan
3002:Archived
2989:Archived
2913:Fanfarlo
2890:LibriVox
2873:(Canada)
2811:Fanfarlo
2763:30736784
2741:(1994).
2639:Archived
2564:See also
1787:11814265
1687:See also
1609:Absinthe
1592:The Cure
1538:(1957),
1491:relocate
1380:, 1897.
1352:, 1869.
1142:Cenotaph
837:Mallarmé
833:Verlaine
814:—
755:Honfleur
751:laudanum
262:essayist
130:Decadent
5828:Related
5462:Lovejoy
5397:Abraham
5319:Richard
5309:Préault
5234:Girodet
5116:Thoreau
5061:Novalis
5046:Mazzini
5041:Maistre
5016:Hazlitt
5001:Emerson
4981:Carlyle
4971:Berchet
4914:Berwald
4909:Bennett
4878:Hristić
4832:Medtner
4812:Borodin
4802:Arensky
4725:Rossini
4700:Bellini
4679:Joachim
4652:Hungary
4633:Strauss
4561:Germany
4527:Berlioz
4496:Voříšek
4491:Smetana
4469:Czechia
4423:Austria
4356:Maturin
4351:Manzoni
4326:Heliade
4301:Foscolo
4271:Alfieri
4266:Abovian
4220:Emerson
4179:Pushkin
4118:Bécquer
4051:Garrett
4005:Potocki
3952:Southey
3912:Maturin
3882:Carlyle
3839:Britain
3812:Novalis
3767:Gutzkow
3715:Germany
3681:Mérimée
3666:Gautier
3593:Barreto
3588:Azevedo
3568:Alencar
3548:Writers
3467:Byronic
3403:Purismo
3257:Germany
3239:Denmark
2879:at the
2840:YouTube
2704::
2687:Sources
2674:22 July
2545:(ed.),
2509:(ed.),
2299:13 July
1655:Rituals
1489:Please
1114:as his
1070:Olympia
1014:Gautier
783:aphasia
279:titled
241:French:
92:Paris,
5487:Wellek
5467:de Man
5452:Janion
5442:Ferber
5417:Berlin
5412:Beiser
5407:Barzun
5402:Abrams
5379:Wiertz
5364:Turner
5314:Révoil
5299:Palmer
5289:Martin
5284:Leutze
5259:Janmot
5219:Fuseli
5174:Church
5066:Quinet
5056:Müller
5011:Goethe
5006:Fichte
4929:Franck
4871:Serbia
4822:Glinka
4795:Russia
4781:Tausig
4776:Stolpe
4756:Chopin
4744:Poland
4705:Busoni
4669:Heller
4638:Wagner
4573:Brahms
4547:Onslow
4537:Halévy
4505:France
4486:Reicha
4476:Dvořák
4445:Mahler
4440:Hummel
4435:Czerny
4331:Isaacs
4311:Geijer
4245:Lowell
4235:Irving
4215:Cooper
4210:Bryant
4152:Russia
4087:Njegoš
4082:Kostić
4077:Jakšić
4070:Serbia
4000:Norwid
3975:Fredro
3967:Poland
3937:Seward
3827:Uhland
3817:Schwab
3807:Mörike
3797:Kleist
3752:Goethe
3747:Fouqué
3696:Nodier
3691:Nerval
3686:Musset
3638:France
3628:Varela
3623:Taunay
3608:Macedo
3556:Brazil
3506:Ossian
3433:Themes
3272:Poland
3267:Norway
3249:France
3142:(1860)
3127:(1847)
3108:(1869)
3100:(1857)
2761:
2751:
2698:
2667:
2553:
2541:", in
2517:
2233:
2184:
1993:
1878:
1837:
1829:
1785:
1775:
1626:Alcest
1588:(1986)
1578:(1982)
1566:(1969)
1550:(2008)
1526:(1890)
1453:, 1992
1447:, 1988
1441:, 1986
1435:, 1972
1429:, 1965
1423:, 1964
1417:, 1964
1408:, 1962
1402:, 1956
1396:, 1955
1374:, 1897
1372:Fusées
1344:, 1868
1338:, 1868
1332:, 1863
1326:, 1861
1320:, 1860
1312:, 1857
1304:, 1847
1296:, 1846
1290:, 1845
994:Wagner
944:, and
941:Eureka
902:Balzac
900:, and
867:, 1848
845:Wagner
805:Poetry
709:, and
647:Small
625:, 1855
118:Period
94:France
77:France
59:, 1863
5573:Bacon
5482:Rosen
5477:Ricks
5472:Nancy
5432:Blume
5427:Bloom
5349:Stroy
5334:Saleh
5329:Runge
5279:Lampi
5264:Jones
5254:Hayez
5189:Corot
5154:Blake
5121:Tieck
5111:Staël
5036:Larra
5021:Hegel
4976:Burke
4934:Grieg
4924:Field
4919:Elgar
4902:Other
4735:Verdi
4693:Italy
4684:Liszt
4674:Hubay
4659:Erkel
4643:Weber
4628:Spohr
4588:Loewe
4578:Bruch
4542:Méhul
4532:Fauré
4522:Auber
4517:Alkan
4376:Raffi
4346:Mácha
4336:Lenau
4286:Botev
4259:Other
4111:Spain
4046:Dinis
3932:Scott
3907:Keats
3887:Clare
3877:Byron
3872:Burns
3852:Blake
3837:Great
3822:Tieck
3777:Heine
3772:Hauff
3706:Vigny
3701:Staël
3661:Dumas
3583:Assis
3578:Alves
3563:Abreu
3516:Rhine
3419:Ultra
3262:Japan
3050:Poems
2642:(PDF)
2635:(PDF)
1736:Notes
1266:Works
1086:Nadar
1081:Nadar
1050:Manet
990:Weber
779:opium
623:Nadar
394:dandy
348:]
73:Paris
5447:Frye
5374:Ward
5369:Veit
5324:Rude
5274:Koch
5249:Gude
5244:Goya
5194:Dahl
5184:Cole
4512:Adam
4460:Wolf
4203:U.S.
4102:Zmaj
3732:Beer
3671:Hugo
3618:Reis
3598:Dias
3462:Hero
3397:Post
3358:Jena
3328:Dark
2759:OCLC
2749:ISBN
2676:2024
2665:ISSN
2618:2022
2551:ISBN
2515:ISBN
2301:2008
2231:ISBN
2182:ISBN
2157:2011
1991:ISBN
1876:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1783:OCLC
1773:ISBN
988:and
835:and
664:(in
359:Lyon
301:and
268:and
83:Died
65:Born
4944:Sor
4817:Cui
4250:Poe
3383:Pre
3378:Neo
2888:at
2869:at
2860:at
2838:on
2713:".
2584:doi
2178:112
1857:121
914:Poe
633:'s
232:ɛər
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5599:←
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