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intended to put pressure on the Danzig government, which was trying to renounce a prior agreement on shared Danzig-Polish control over the harbour police and to acquire full control of the police and the harbour. According to one source, on 14 March 1933, the League had authorized Poland to reinforce its garrison. However, according to another, the additional Polish troops were withdrawn on 16 March, following protests from the League, Danzig, and
Germany but only in exchange for Danzig's withdrawal of its objections to the harbour-police agreement.
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1746:, was erected at Westerplatte, set within a park, with smaller installations. Westerplatte became a popular tourist attraction. Later, Guardhouse I was relocated in order to save it from destruction during the construction of a new harbour channel. In 1971, Sucharski's grave was relocated to Westerplatte from his original burial place in Italy. In 1974, a small museum was opened in the renovated Guardhouse I. Since the 1980s, Westerplatte has been administered by the
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1249:, felled trees, barbed wire and intense fire. By noon, when the Germans retreated, Henningsen had been gravely wounded. Eberhardt requested air support, but it was delayed due to bad weather over Westerplatte. On that first day's combat, the Polish side had sustained four killed and several wounded. The German marines had lost sixteen killed and a hundred and twenty wounded.
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canal. Meanwhile, the German infantry was also shelled by the Polish mortars, and even the battleship itself was targeted by the Polish 37 mm guns. Around that time, the Poles also repulsed an attempt by a small maritime unit of the Danzig Police to land on the western side of the depot. In that initial engagement, Poles sustained two casualties, and a Polish soldier,
1210:, "SOS: I'm under fire." Other sources indicate the shot was fired at 04:00 rather than at or around 04:45. The battleship's initial bombardment was not very successful, failing to inflict a single casualty among the defenders, as due to the battleship's proximity to its target its heavier shells did not have time to arm and did not explode upon impact.
1075:) which were to hold long enough for the garrison to mobilize. The second line of defence centred on five guardhouses (numbered I to V) in the center of the depot. The final defence comprised the headquarters and barracks at the depot's centre (sometimes referred to as Guardhouse VI). The Poles also had several supporting positions (
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Subsequently, the Poles repelled several cautious German probing attacks. At 03:00 on 6 September, during one of the attacks, the
Germans sent a burning train toward the Polish positions, but the ploy failed when the terrified driver decoupled prematurely. The train failed to reach its target, an oil
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The German commanders concluded that a ground attack was not feasible until the Polish defences had been softened up. Re-examining aerial photographs, where they had previously underestimated the Polish defences, they now overestimated them, concluding the Poles had constructed extensive underground
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At 06:22, the German marines frantically radioed the battleship that they had sustained heavy losses and were withdrawing. Casualties were approximately fifty
Germans and eight Poles, mostly wounded. A longer bombardment from the battleship, lasting from 07:40 to 08:55, preceded a second attack and
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of Polish crossfire from concealed firing positions, while barbed-wire entanglements impeded their movements. Around 05:15, the field gun, commanded by Pająk, opened intense fire on the advancing
Germans, firing 28 rounds and knocking out several machine-gun nests atop warehouses across the harbour
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Sucharski surrendered the post to
Kleikamp, and the Germans stood at attention as the Polish garrison marched out at 11:30. Over 3,000 Germans, including soldiers and support formations such as the Danzig Police, had been tied up in the week-long operation against the small Polish garrison; about
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dropped 26.5 tonnes (58,000 lb) of bombs, eliminating the Polish mortars, destroying
Guardhouse V with a 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) bomb and killing at least eight Polish soldiers. The air raid shrouded all of Westerplatte in clouds of smoke and destroyed the Poles' only radio and much of
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Controversy surrounds the Polish garrison's commanding officer, Sucharski. Early historiography considered him to have been in command throughout the battle, and so early accounts portrayed him as a heroic figure. More recent accounts from the early 1990s have presented evidence that
Sucharski's
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against
Germany. On 6 March, in what became known as the "Westerplatte incident" or "crisis", the Polish government landed a marine battalion on Westerplatte, briefly reinforcing the WST garrison to about 200 men, demonstrating Polish resolve to defend the depot; the Polish manoeuvre was also
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channel; on land, the Polish-held part of
Westerplatte was separated from Danzig's territory by a brick wall topped with barbed wire. A dedicated rail line, passing through the Free City, connected the depot with nearby Polish territory. The depot, referred to in League documents as the
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1153:. Initially, the marines were ordered to attack on the morning of 26 August 1939, on that day Kleikamp moved the battleship farther upstream, and as a result, Sucharski put his garrison on heightened alert. Shortly before the German disembarkation, the orders were rescinded as
1217:, who had disembarked two hours earlier on the eastern side of the peninsula, advanced, expecting an easy victory over the Poles. However, after crossing the artillery-breached brick wall at the border, advancing about 200 metres (220 yd), and engaging the Polish
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cistern; instead, it set fire to the woods, which had provided the Poles with valuable cover. In addition, the burning wagons created a perfect field of fire; the
Germans suffered heavy losses. A second fire-train attack, in the afternoon, also failed.
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On 5 September, Sucharski held a conference with his officers, during which he urged surrender: the post had only been supposed to hold out for twelve hours. His deputy, Dąbrowski, opposed surrender and the group decided to hold out a while longer.
911:), was completed in November 1925, officially transferred to Poland on the last day of that year, and became operational shortly after in January 1926, with 22 active storage warehouses. The Polish garrison's complement was set at 2 officers, 20
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Neither Eberhardt nor Kleikamp had specific information on the Polish defences. The Germans assumed that preliminary bombardment would soften up the fortifications enough for the marines to capture Westerplatte. Kleikamp had been assured by the
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for most of the battle and had advocated surrender as early as 2 September and several times thereafter and that his second-in-command, Dąbrowski, had effectively taken command following Sucharski's breakdown on the second day of the siege.
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era, Westerplatte was presented as a symbol of Poland's prewar anticommunist government and was marginalised in official history; Mieczysław Słaby, the garrison surgeon at Westerplatte, was arrested, tortured and died in the custody of the
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assaulted the WST. Despite initial assessment on both sides that the Polish garrison might hold out for several hours before being reinforced or overwhelmed, the Poles held out for seven days and repelled thirteen assaults that included
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By late August 1939, the Poles had reinforced their 88-man garrison, though its strength is still debated; older sources speak of 182 men but more recent research suggests something in the range of 210 to 240, including six officers:
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half of the Germans (570 on land, over 900 at sea) had taken part in direct action. German casualties totalled 50 killed (16 from the Kriegsmarine) and 150 wounded. The Poles had lost 15 men and had sustained at least 40 wounded.
1036:. Estimates include some 20 mobilized civilians and about 10 regular troops who happened to be on site when fighting began. In addition to light arms consisting of pistols, grenades, and about 160 rifles, weaponry included a
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that "Westerplatte would be taken in 10 minutes." Eberhardt himself was more cautious, estimating that "a few hours" would be needed to overcome the Polish garrison, which the Germans estimated at no more than 100 men.
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their food supply. According to some German sources, after the air raid the Poles briefly displayed a white flag; but not all historians are convinced of this, and the German observers may have been mistaken.
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and people in the face of German advances elsewhere and is still regarded as a symbol of resistance in modern Poland. The Polish government is planning to open a dedicated public museum on the site in 2026.
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Westerplatte is a common venue for state remembrance ceremonies relating to World War II, usually held on 1 September. They are generally attended by high-ranking Polish politicians such as Prime Minister
1656:(The Secret of Westerplatte, 2013). It has also inspired dozens of books and scores of press articles, scholarly studies, and fictional works, as well as poems, songs, paintings, and other works of art.
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explains that 04:45 was the planned time, 04:47 was the time the order was given by Kleikamp and 04:48 was the time the guns actually fired. Shortly after, on Westerplatte, Sucharski radioed the
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in Danzig, the Poles decided secretly to reinforce their garrison and resorted to a subterfuge, civilians in Polish Army uniform would leave the base, and new Polish soldiers would enter it.
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1361:. At 04:30 on 7 September, the Germans opened intense fire on Westerplatte which lasted till 07:00. Flamethrowers and bombardment destroyed Guardhouse II and damaged Guardhouses I and IV.
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On 8 September, the day after the capitulation, the Germans discovered a grave with the bodies of four unidentified Polish soldiers who had been executed by their comrades for attempted
1547:, voicing a subsequent myth that all of Westerplatte's defenders had died in the battle, fighting to the last man. The battle became a symbol of resistance to the invasion – a Polish
1048:, and about 40 machine guns, including 18 heavy machine guns. Field fortifications were extended: more trenches were dug, wooden barricades were built, barbed wire was strung into
1419:. According to Tomasz Sudoł this had likely taken place following the 2 September air raids. Five days after the capitulation, on 12 September 1939, the Polish wireless operator,
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At 09:45 on 7 September 1939, a white flag appeared. The Polish defence had so impressed the Germans that their commander, Eberhardt, initially let Sucharski keep his ceremonial
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By early 1933, German politicians and media figures complained about the need for border adjustments. In addition, the Polish and French governments discussed the need for a
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For both sides, the battle had mostly political, rather than tactical, importance. It tied up substantial German forces for much longer than anyone had expected, preventing
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writes that "Westerplatte has become one of the symbols of the Polish struggle for independence, and is inscribed in the list of the most heroic battles of modern Europe."
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Report to the ... Assembly of the League on the Work of the Council, on the Work of the Secretariat and on the Measures Taken to Execute the Decisions of the Assembly
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3441:["We have to Remind Who Was the Hero and Who Was the Executioner." Prime Minister at Westerplatte on the 78th Anniversary of the Outbreak of World War II].
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and armoured fortifications (six haystacks were declared to be armoured bunker domes). In the following days, the Germans bombarded the Westerplatte peninsula with
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was the 2007 transfer of the Soviet T-34 tank from the cemetery to a museum in another town. In 2001, the Polish government recognised Westerplatte's ruins as an
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The earliest fighting started at 0445 hours when marines from the battleship Schleswig-Holstein attempted to storm a small Polish fort in Danzig, the Westerplate
91:
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1095:). The plan called for the garrison to hold out for 12 hours, after which the siege was expected to be lifted by reinforcements arriving from the mainland.
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or tunnels, only several small guardhouses, partially hidden in the peninsula's forest and several more buildings in the middle of the peninsula, including
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1052:, and reinforced concrete shelters were built into the basements of the barracks. Foliage was thinned to reduce cover on expected avenues of attack.
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Two minutes later the old battleship Schleswig-Holstein opened World War Two by bombarding the Polish military transit depot at Westerplatte, Danzig
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3260:[Participation of the Polish 1st Armoured Brigade of the Heroes of Westerplatte in the Battle of Kępa Oksywska (30 March-5 April 1945)]
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to a total strength of 88 all ranks, and Poland was prohibited construction of further military installations or fortifications on the site.
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The Polish defence, which anticipated principally a German land-based assault, rested on three lines of defence. The outer line included
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1613:(2017). The commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the outbreak of World War II, in 2009, was attended by Tusk, former Prime Minister
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Westerplatte's defence inspired the Polish Army and people even as German advances continued elsewhere; beginning on 1 September 1939,
1378:) in captivity although it would be confiscated later. Contemporary English-language publications which reported on the event, such as
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st. sierż. Wojciech Najsarek, zawiadowca stacji, poległ jako pierwszy z żołnierzy Składnicy, na posterunku, na stacji PKP Westerplatte
3492:
2143:
Crockett, Jameson W. (2009). "The Polish Blitz, More than a Mere Footnote to History: Poland and Preventive War with Germany, 1933".
1686:, an obelisk also known as the "Monument to the Defenders of the Coast" or "Historical Monument, Site of the Battle of Westerplatte".
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At a second conference with his officers, on 6 September, Sucharski was again ready to surrender: the German Army was by now outside
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was named for the "Heroes of Westerplatte", and that name began to be given to schools, streets, and other institutions. In 1962 a
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Kazimierz Rasiński, was murdered by the Germans. He was shot after brutal interrogation during which he refused to hand over radio
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suffered accidents due to crew error or equipment failure, with at least one fatality and several injured men on the battleship.
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887:(0.60 km) was selected on the Westerplatte peninsula. Westerplatte was separated from the New Port of Danzig mainly by the
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3258:"Udział 1 Warszawskiej Brygady Pancernej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte w walkach o Kępę Oksywską (30 marca-5 kwietnia 1945 r.)"
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3439:""Musimy przypominać, kto był bohaterem, a kto katem". Premier na Westerplatte w 78. rocznicę wybuchu II wojny światowej"
3389:[Komorowski on Westerplatte: There Are Forces in Europe that Seek to Keep Their Neighbors in Vassal Dependence].
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s salvos as having occurred "minutes after Luftwaffe attacks on Polish airfields" and other targets. A bridge in nearby
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2231:"Przyczynek do badań nad stanem liczbowym załogi Wojskowej Składnicy Tranzytowej na Westerplatte we wrześniu 1939 roku"
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were established on the peninsula; the cemetery was placed near the destroyed Guardhouse V. During the early postwar
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Westerplatte. Mechanizmy kształtowania się i funkcjonowania miejsca pamięci w latach 1945–1989 (rozprawa doktorska)
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2233:[Addendum to the studies on the numbers of personnel the Westerplatte Military Depot in September 1939]
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succeeded at knocking out the Polish field gun. The Germans assaulted again from 08:35 to 12:30 but encountered
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at the Polish garrison. That salvo's time has been variously stated as 04:45, 04:47, or 04:48. Polish historian
465:
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1462:
A Polish naval officer delivering an address during the 79th anniversary of the Battle of Westerplatte in 2018.
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Westerplatte. Mechanisms of Creation and Functioning of Places of Memory in Years 1945–1989 (Doctoral Thesis)
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1357:, and Westerplatte was running critically low on supplies; moreover, many of the wounded were suffering from
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845:, which in 1939 was known as the Bay of Danzig. Following the re-establishment of Polish independence after
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outpost prevented an attack from the north. Though the Poles never landed a hit on the German naval units,
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but Danzig became increasingly allied with Germany, reflecting its predominantly ethnic German population.
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Westerplatte's Guardhouses I, III and IV, the power plant, and the barracks survived the war. In 1946, a
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3387:"Komorowski na Westerplatte: w Europie są siły, które dążą do utrzymania sąsiadów w wasalnej zależności"
1427:. On 19 September Hitler came to visit Danzig. While there, on 21 September, he inspected Westerplatte.
1241:. Najsarek has been described as the first Polish combat casualty of the battle and perhaps of the war.
1161:, signed the day before, on 25 August 1939, and that Italy was hesitant about its obligations under the
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near Danzig. Despite objections from the Free City, this right was confirmed in 1925, and an area of 60
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2435:"Wojskowa składnica tranzytowa na Westerplatte w świetle nowych niemieckich materiałów archiwalnych"
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battery and 210 mm howitzers. On 2 September, from 18:05 to 18:25, a two-wave air raid by 60
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3413:"Nie można pozwolić na to, aby wracały w Europie działania i ambicje o charakterze imperialnym"
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Talking Conflict: The Loaded Language of Genocide, Political Violence, Terrorism, and Warfare
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1750:. In 1981, the cross was restored to the cemetery. In June 1987, Westerplatte was visited by
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1625:, as well as by important figures from about 20 other countries, including German Chancellor
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Westerplatte 1926–1939: The History of the Military Transit Depot in the Free City of Gdańsk
2014:
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3363:[Westerplatte. Tusk as if Not Tusk: Today Not the "Time for Beautiful Speeches"].
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3495:["Tajemnica Westerplatte" or "Westerplatte" - Two Movies About the Same Topic].
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tank, and the first government-organized remembrances began at Westerplatte. In 1966, a
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Westerplatte 1926–1939: dzieje Wojskowej Składnicy Tranzytowej w Wolnym Mieście Gdańsku
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978:; subsequently, the Westerplatte garrison was placed on alert. Fearing a possible Nazi
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2437:[Westerplatte Military Depot in Light of the New German Archival Materials]
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officers had vowed not to disclose in their lifetimes that their commander had been
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3415:[Imperial Actions and Ambitions Must Not Be Allowed to Return in Europe].
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2373:[Assault Company of Kriegsmarine in the Battle of Westerplatte in 1939]
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3583:"Tablica ze słowami papieża Jana Pawła II na Westerplatte [ZDJĘCIA]"
2862:"Heroic Polish Defense of Westerplatte Ends as Nazi Mop-up of Poland Begins"
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repeatedly broadcast the phrase that made Westerplatte an important symbol:
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First battle in the Invasion of Poland and beginning of the Second World War
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3524:[1 Monument to the History of "The Battle Field on Westetplatte"].
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named a street after Westerplatte; and the following year, during the 1944
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3493:""Tajemnica Westerplatte" czy "Westerplatte" - dwa filmy na ten sam temat"
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3361:"Westerplatte. Tusk jak nie Tusk: dziś nie "czas na piękne przemówienia""
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1777:. In the mid-2010s, the Polish government decided to create a dedicated
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3585:[Plaque with the Words of Pope John Paul II at Westerplatte ].
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Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: T to Z
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The Battle of Westerplatte is often described as the opening battle of
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1115:, anchoring 150 metres (160 yd) from Westerplatte. On board was a
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857:, Poland), historically an important port city, became an independent
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3665:[The Museum on Westerplatte Will Start to Be Built in 2022].
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The Battle of Westerplatte has been the subject of two Polish films:
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2191:[Guardhouse No. 1 Westerplatte] (in Polish). Muzeum Gdańska.
1901:
Free City in the Balkans: Reconstructing a Divided Society in Bosnia
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and were supported by a network of field fortifications, including
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2706:
Wojciech Najsarek był jedną z pierwszych ofiar II wojny światowej.
2371:"Kompania szturmowa Kriegsmarine w walkach na Westerplatte 1939 r"
1182:
1739:
1122:
888:
884:
1470:, but it was only one of many battles in the first phase of the
1370:
1354:
1222:
947:
935:
790:
2958:(in Polish). Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Gdańska. Archived from
2285:(in Polish). Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Gdańska. Archived from
1664:
The Polish 75 mm field gun became one of Germany's first
1388:, misidentified the Polish commander as a Major "Koscianski".
876:, the League of Nations granted Poland the right to install a
4444:
4299:
4279:
3283:[Major Henryk Sucharski: The Soldier with a Secret].
3202:[Surrender of Westerplatte – Polish History Museum].
1743:
1487:
1375:
3686:
Komorowski, Krzysztof (2009). "Westerplatte (1–7 IX 1939)".
3011:[Soviet and German Struggle over the Westerplatte].
1557:
Polish 1st Armoured Brigade of the Defenders of Westerplatte
934:
on Westerplatte. These were relatively minor: there were no
2119:
Hitler's Foreign Policy 1933–1939: The Road to World War II
1773:. On 1 September 2003, the site was designated an official
1731:
1285:
894:
Depot for Polish Munitions in Transit in the Port of Danzig
825:
The defence of the Westerplatte was an inspiration for the
68:
2259:[Debate Regarding the White Flag at Westerplatte]
1754:; his visit is commemorated by a plaque unveiled in 2015.
1434:
in 1945. From 28 March to 1 April, elements of the German
2486:
Blitzkrieg Unleashed: The German Invasion of Poland, 1939
2013:
Garba, Bartłomiej; Westphal, Marcin (30 September 2017).
3554:[June 12, 1987. John Paul II at Westerplatte].
3663:"Muzeum na Westerplatte zacznie powstawać w 2022 roku"
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1430:
Westerplatte saw another round of fighting during the
2847:
2845:
2843:
2841:
3639:[Gdańsk - The Battlefield on Westerplatte].
2889:
Hutchinson's Pictorial History of the War (Volume 1)
2765:
Piński, Jan; Przedmojski, Rafał (4 September 2005).
1588:
Sucharski's conduct is still debated by historians.
3200:"Kapitulacja Westerplatte - Muzeum Historii Polski"
1819:
3689:Boje polskie 1939–1945: przewodnik encyklopedyczny
3609:"Official Listing of Objects of Cultural Heritage"
2838:
2459:Poland Betrayed: The Nazi-Soviet Invasions of 1939
1866:
1864:
1672:. After the war, it was moved to stand before the
1213:Eight minutes later Henningsen's marines from the
4748:
2764:
2081:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
4879:
3522:"1 Pomnik Historii "POLE BITWY NA WESTERPLATTE""
2791:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
1692:Cemetery of the Fallen Defenders of Westerplatte
1555:unit was named for Westerplatte's soldiers (the
1135:Wilhelm Henningsen. On land the Germans had the
865:. The Free City was nominally supervised by the
849:, much of the surrounding region became part of
4572:Monument to the Fallen Shipyard Workers of 1970
3694:Polish Fights: 1939–1945: An Encyclopedic Guide
3552:"12 czerwca 1987. Jan Paweł II na Westerplatte"
3054:
2724:(in Polish). Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich.
2599:
2597:
2541:
2539:
2111:
2109:
1861:
4923:Attacks on military installations in the 1930s
3281:"Major Henryk Sucharski: wojskowy z tajemnicą"
3222:
2711:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2508:
2506:
2257:"Spór w sprawie białej flagi nad Westerplatte"
1442:until the German units were evacuated by sea.
332:
3747:
3187:(in Polish). Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach.
2692:[Wartime Fates of Polish Railwaymen]
2395:
2033:
2012:
1157:had postponed hostilities on learning of the
370:
3172:
3108:
2792:Rohwer, Jürgen; Hümmelchen, Gerhard (1992).
2594:
2549:Schnellboote: A Complete Operational History
2536:
2106:
1956:
1530:("Westerplatte fights on"). On 16 September
807:. Beginning on 1 September 1939, the German
794:
3923:Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig
3332:
3278:
3060:
2628:
2614:] (in Polish). Wydawn. Adam Marszałek.
2503:
2432:
2254:
2186:
1957:Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan; Lee, Rupert (2003).
1842:
1803:Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig
1730:at the cemetery was replaced with a Soviet
3754:
3740:
3685:
3643:(in Polish). Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
3333:Maciorowski, Mirosław (1 September 2014).
3299:
3228:
2886:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2769:[The End of Westerplatte's Myth].
2748:
2746:
2744:
2717:
2575:
2482:
2455:
1668:of World War II, displayed on a column at
1190:On the early morning of 1 September 1939,
970:led to Germany's annexation of the nearby
377:
363:
3558:(in Polish). 12 June 2018. Archived from
3337:[The Secret of Major Sucharski].
3009:"Walki Sowietów i Niemców o Westerplatte"
2687:
2368:
1891:
1874:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945
1299:outpost had been abandoned. Now only the
930:Later, the Poles constructed clandestine
140:
3490:
3463:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3114:
3081:
3061:Zaloga, Steve; Madej, W. Victor (1990).
3027:
2984:Battle of the Baltic: The Wars 1918–1945
2603:
2545:
2364:
2362:
2142:
2115:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1847:. New York, New York: Hippocrene Books.
1678:
1511:from lending fire support in the nearby
1457:
1449:
1399:
1340:
1317:
1181:
1141:force of 1,500 men under Police General
167:
3616:NID (National Heritage Board of Poland)
3468:[A Message from Westerplatte].
3279:Kwiatkowski, Mikołaj (30 August 2016).
3156:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
2980:
2822:
2810:
2741:
2655:Case White: The Invasion of Poland 1939
2516:World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia
2512:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
1537:Song about the Soldiers of Westerplatte
1438:defended the peninsula from the Soviet
1289:, supported by an old minesweeper, the
942:. Most buildings were constructed with
4880:
4423:Żabianka-Wejhera-Jelitkowo-Tysiąclecia
3580:
2891:. Virtue and Company Ltd. p. 89.
2794:Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945
2681:
2445:(in Polish). 16 (67)/3 (253): 141–159.
2267:(in Polish). 13 (64)/4 (242): 153–163.
2228:
2201:
2195:
2187:Gierszewski, Andrzej (30 April 2018).
1918:
1897:
1870:
1843:Zaloga, Steven; Madej, Victor (1985).
1490:had been bombed around 04:30, and the
384:
3735:
3637:"Gdańsk – pole bitwy na Westerplatte"
3464:Sandecki, Maciej (2 September 2009).
3305:
2914:[The Secret of Westerplatte]
2909:
2760:
2758:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2250:
2248:
2241:(in Polish). 14(65)/2 (244): 196–200.
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1945:
1659:
1295:, made a surprise attack. The Poles'
358:
4633:Third Millennium John Paul II Bridge
3710:
3491:Szczerba, Jacek (1 September 2017).
3268:(in Polish). 13 (64)/3 (241): 43–62.
3197:
3135:
3087:
3033:
2688:Masłowska, Teresa (September 2007).
2339:
2318:
2301:
2205:Poland 1939: The Birth of Blitzkrieg
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1567:, an insurgent stronghold was named
1454:Ruins of Westerplatte barracks, 2005
3761:
3235:(in Polish). Wydawn. Dolnośląskie.
2954:[Rasiński Kazimierz Sgt.].
2449:
2208:. Campaign 107. Osprey Publishing.
1924:
1718:, Westerplatte was repurposed as a
762:was the first battle of the German
13:
4715:Łaźnia Centre for Contemporary Art
3255:
2755:
2690:"Wojenne drogi polskich kolejarzy"
2419:
2245:
2171:
1159:Polish-British Common Defence Pact
14:
4939:
4893:Battles of the Invasion of Poland
3556:Region Gdański NSZZ "Solidarność"
2229:Dróżdż, Krzysztof Henryk (2013).
1977:
1767:Poland's political transformation
1221:outpost, the Germans ran into an
1145:. In overall command was Captain
55:firing her guns, 5 September 1939
4862:
4861:
3854:Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)
3581:Oleksy, Ewelina (13 June 2015).
3519:
3173:Zajączkowski, Krzysztof (2013).
3037:The Oxford Guide to World War II
2021:. Museum of the Second World War
1738:, a 25 metres (27 yd)-tall
1528:"Westerplatte broni się jeszcze"
1107:, under the pretext of making a
774:peninsula in the harbour of the
345:Location in Poland, 1939 borders
331:
324:
259:
249:
241:
231:
213:
202:
191:
169:
155:
142:
43:
4839:Gdańsk University of Technology
3655:
3629:
3601:
3574:
3544:
3513:
3484:
3457:
3431:
3405:
3379:
3353:
3335:"Tajemnica majora Sucharskiego"
3326:
3309:Westerplatte, Oksywie, Hel 1939
3272:
3249:
3191:
3001:
2974:
2944:
2903:
2880:
2854:
2785:
2672:
2569:
2476:
2389:
2271:
2222:
2136:
1445:
1365:took part in the bombardments.
1349:, 8 September, after the battle
4834:Academy of Fine Arts in Gdańsk
4720:Museum of the Second World War
2952:"Rasiński Kazimierz sierż rez"
2868:. 9 October 1939. p. 30.
2796:. Greenhill Books. p. 3.
2090:
1931:. Cambridge University Press.
1877:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1591:
1574:
1098:On 25 August 1939, the German
770:in Europe. It occurred on the
1:
4670:Baltic Days of Jewish Culture
3864:Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia
3849:History of the Jews in Gdańsk
3714:Great Battles of World War II
3669:(in Polish). 24 November 2019
3526:Gdański Zarząd Dróg i Zieleni
3445:(in Polish). 1 September 2017
3419:(in Polish). 1 September 2016
3367:(in Polish). 1 September 2014
3266:Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy
2580:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
2456:Williamson, David G. (2011).
2443:Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy
2322:Great Battles of World War II
2265:Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy
2239:Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy
2189:"Wartownia Nr 1 Westerplatte"
2116:Weinberg, Gerhard L. (2010).
1813:
1532:Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński
1225:. They found themselves in a
968:German ultimatum to Lithuania
909:Wojskowa Składnica Tranzytowa
833:
796:Wojskowa Składnica Tranzytowa
302:
274:
4844:Medical University of Gdańsk
4705:Gdańsk Sports Center Stadium
4290:Orunia Górna-Gdańsk Południe
2987:. Pen & Sword Maritime.
2718:Drzycimski, Andrzej (1990).
2483:Hargreaves, Richard (2010).
2015:"Exhibition on Westerplatte"
1716:the mid-1950s liberalization
1637:, and French Prime Minister
1395:
1386:Pictorial History of the War
872:In 1921, in the wake of the
822:attacks and naval shelling.
7:
3528:(in Polish). Archived from
3466:"Przesłanie z Westerplatte"
3206:(in Polish). Archived from
3040:. Oxford University Press.
2887:Hutchinson, Walter (1939).
2604:Tuliszka, Jarosław (2003).
2576:Williamson, Gordon (2003).
2546:Paterson, Lawrence (2015).
1791:
1771:object of cultural heritage
1712:Ministry of Public Security
1703:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
1633:, Ukrainian Prime Minister
1609:(2016), and Prime Minister
1204:nearby Polish military base
1042:Bofors 37 mm anti-tank guns
1038:75 mm field gun wz. 1902/26
10:
4944:
4827:Universities and academies
4735:Polish Baltic Philharmonic
4700:Gdańsk Shakespeare Theatre
4690:European Solidarity Centre
4567:John III Sobieski Monument
4123:Franciszek Kotus-Jankowski
3115:Wittmann, Anna M. (2016).
2767:"Koniec mitu Westerplatte"
2578:German Battleships 1939–45
2513:Zabecki, David T. (2015).
2202:Zaloga, Steven J. (2002).
2145:Diplomacy & Statecraft
2102:. League of Nations. 1926.
1871:Lerski, George J. (1996).
1808:2022 Snake island campaign
1763:Eastern and Central Europe
1440:76th Guards Rifle Division
1261:, including a 105 mm
1100:pre-dreadnought battleship
961:
853:. The city of Danzig (now
4857:
4826:
4662:
4590:
4557:
4462:
4455:
4295:Orunia-Św. Wojciech-Lipce
4255:Krakowiec-Górki Zachodnie
4215:
4113:
4050:
4041:
3984:Academic Gymnasium Danzig
3951:
3928:East Pomeranian offensive
3779:
3770:
3229:Gałczyńska, Kira (1998).
3094:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
3064:The Polish Campaign, 1939
3013:Muzeum II Wojny Światowej
2658:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2433:Szkudliński, Jan (2015).
2369:Laskowski, Piotr (2008).
2255:Szkudliński, Jan (2012).
2157:10.1080/09592290903455667
1845:The Polish Campaign, 1939
1748:National Museum in Gdańsk
1629:, Russian Prime Minister
1497:had begun hours earlier.
1472:German invasion of Poland
1331:Friedrich-Georg Eberhardt
1177:
1143:Friedrich-Georg Eberhardt
730:Slovak invasion of Poland
723:Soviet invasion of Poland
396:
319:
294:
268:
183:
134:
59:
42:
30:
25:
4898:Sieges involving Germany
4725:National Maritime Museum
2981:Jackson, Robert (2007).
2912:"Tajemnica Westerplatte"
1963:. Taylor & Francis.
1925:Fox, Gregory H. (2008).
1898:Parish, Matthew (2009).
1617:, and former Presidents
1561:Polish Underground State
1118:Marinestosstruppkompanie
993:, his second-in-command
793:Military Transit Depot (
219:Wilhelm Henningsen
4903:Sieges involving Poland
3989:Danzig Research Society
3933:Polish protests of 1970
3393:(in Polish). 8 May 2015
2926:: 14–15. Archived from
2652:Robert Forczyk (2019).
2552:. Seaforth Publishing.
1928:Humanitarian Occupation
1765:, a change symbolic of
1559:). That same year, the
1131:) of 225 marines under
766:, marking the start of
4913:Danzig in World War II
4778:Tajemnica Westerplatte
4582:St. Catherine's Church
3913:Battle of Westerplatte
3312:(in Polish). Bellona.
3306:Piotr, Derdej (2009).
3091:Bf 109D/E Aces 1939–41
2910:Sudoł, Tomasz (2013).
2721:Major Henryk Sucharski
1687:
1653:Tajemnica Westerplatte
1623:Aleksander Kwaśniewski
1551:. As early as 1943, a
1463:
1455:
1436:73rd Infantry Division
1432:Vistula–Oder Offensive
1412:
1350:
1334:
1187:
1013:Stefan Ludwik Grodecki
908:
841:is a peninsula in the
795:
787:Second Polish Republic
785:In the mid-1920s, the
760:Battle of Westerplatte
184:Commanders and leaders
26:Battle of Westerplatte
4918:September 1939 events
4203:Aleksandra Dulkiewicz
3844:Sevenfold Sun miracle
3587:gdansk.naszemiasto.pl
3204:Muzeum Historii Polsk
2397:Piekałkiewicz, Janusz
2087:Komorowski, 2009 p443
1736:Westerplatte Monument
1722:symbol; in 1956, the
1684:Westerplatte Monument
1682:
1549:Battle of Thermopylae
1500:The Polish historian
1461:
1453:
1403:
1344:
1321:
1185:
694:1st Tomaszów Lubelski
642:2nd Tomaszów Lubelski
295:Casualties and losses
107:54.40750°N 18.67139°E
4849:University of Gdańsk
4650:Wisłoujście Fortress
4080:Clemens von Delbrück
4065:Adrian von der Linde
3918:Battle of Danzig Bay
3711:Mann, Chris (2008).
3067:. Hippocrene Books.
2851:Komorowski 2009 p447
2405:. Historical Times.
2319:Mann, Chris (2008).
1724:Polish Naval Academy
1720:communist propaganda
1674:Naval Academy Mürwik
1603:Bronisław Komorowski
1553:Polish People's Army
1502:Krzysztof Komorowski
1478:. British historian
1476:Battle of the Border
1059:outposts (codenamed
998:Franciszek Dąbrowski
737:Operation Tannenberg
400:Battle of the Border
342:class=notpageimage|
256:Franciszek Dąbrowski
4908:Free City of Danzig
4813:Walesa: Man of Hope
4695:Gdańsk City Stadium
4418:Wzgórze Mickiewicza
4379:Ujeścisko-Łostowice
4173:Kazimierz Rynkowski
3889:government in exile
3869:Free City of Danzig
3532:on 17 December 2013
3088:Weal, John (2012).
2489:. Stackpole Books.
2462:. Stackpole Books.
1779:Westerplatte Museum
1484:Schleswig-Holstein'
1345:German soldiers on
1325:(right) surrenders
1281:German torpedo boat
1027:Zdzisław Kręgielski
944:reinforced concrete
863:Free City of Danzig
805:Free City of Danzig
776:Free City of Danzig
540:Tomaszów Mazowiecki
163:Free City of Danzig
103: /
86:Free City of Danzig
4749:In popular culture
4740:St. Dominic's Fair
4675:Baltic State Opera
4663:Culture and events
4628:Ronald Reagan Park
4512:Neptune's Fountain
4413:Wyspa Sobieszewska
4095:Hermann Rauschning
3999:SS Heimwehr Danzig
3901:Polish Post Office
3034:Dear, Ian (1995).
2402:Sea War, 1939–1945
1688:
1660:Tourist attraction
1615:Tadeusz Mazowiecki
1605:(2015), President
1601:(2014), President
1509:Schleswig-Holstein
1464:
1456:
1413:
1411:, 8 September 1939
1363:Schleswig-Holstein
1351:
1335:
1333:, 7 September 1939
1309:Schleswig-Holstein
1279:On 4 September, a
1215:Schleswig-Holstein
1192:Schleswig-Holstein
1188:
1151:Schleswig-Holstein
1138:SS Heimwehr Danzig
1104:Schleswig-Holstein
764:invasion of Poland
388:Invasion of Poland
112:54.40750; 18.67139
52:Schleswig-Holstein
49:German battleship
33:Invasion of Poland
4875:
4874:
4822:
4821:
4658:
4657:
4527:St. Mary's Church
4320:Przymorze Wielkie
4211:
4210:
4188:Franciszek Jamroż
4163:Andrzej Kaznowski
4148:Stanisław Schmidt
4138:Stanisław Schmidt
4075:Gottlieb Hufeland
4037:
4036:
3979:Marienbrunn Abbey
3938:21 demands of MKS
3772:History of Gdańsk
3724:978-1-4075-2513-6
3703:978-83-11-10357-3
3319:978-83-11-11585-9
3242:978-0-195-08137-4
3198:Cichocki, Paweł.
3128:978-1-4408-3425-7
3101:978-1-78200-526-1
3074:978-0-87052-013-6
3047:978-0-19-534096-9
2994:978-1-84415-422-7
2803:978-1-85367-117-3
2731:978-83-04-03374-0
2665:978-1-4728-3494-2
2621:978-83-7322-504-6
2587:978-1-84176-498-6
2559:978-1-84832-083-3
2526:978-1-135-81242-3
2496:978-0-8117-0724-4
2469:978-0-8117-0828-9
2412:978-0-918678-17-1
2332:978-1-4075-2513-6
2215:978-1-84176-408-5
2129:978-1-929631-91-9
1970:978-0-415-93924-9
1938:978-1-139-46973-9
1911:978-0-85771-273-8
1884:978-0-313-26007-0
1798:Bombing of Wieluń
1775:Historic Monument
1759:fall of communism
1752:Pope John Paul II
1495:Operation Himmler
1235:Wojciech Najsarek
1200:Jarosław Tuliszka
1186:Map of the battle
1024:Second Lieutenant
966:In March 1939, a
874:Polish-Soviet War
867:League of Nations
803:peninsula in the
753:
752:
353:
352:
130:
129:
4935:
4928:Sieges of Gdańsk
4865:
4864:
4806:Zero Dark Thirty
4785:Live from Gdańsk
4746:
4745:
4577:Preachers' House
4460:
4459:
4183:Jacek Starościak
4168:Jerzy Młynarczyk
4128:Bolesław Nowicki
4115:Mayors of Gdańsk
4052:Mayors of Danzig
4048:
4047:
3943:Gdańsk Agreement
3859:Region of Danzig
3834:Danzig rebellion
3789:Hanseatic League
3777:
3776:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3707:
3696:]. Bellona.
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3613:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3263:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3170:
3133:
3132:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2932:
2917:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2836:
2833:
2820:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2762:
2753:
2750:
2739:
2738:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2695:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2649:
2626:
2625:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2543:
2534:
2533:
2510:
2501:
2500:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2430:
2417:
2416:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2376:
2366:
2337:
2336:
2316:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2262:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2236:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2169:
2168:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2122:. Enigma Books.
2113:
2104:
2103:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2078:Komorowski, 2009
2076:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2010:
1975:
1974:
1954:
1943:
1942:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1840:
1787:
1700:
1635:Yulia Tymoshenko
1545:
1407:being raised on
1239:machine-gun fire
1237:, was killed by
1035:
1021:
1002:Mieczysław Słaby
991:Henryk Sucharski
902:
881:ammunition depot
798:
789:established the
391:
389:
379:
372:
365:
356:
355:
335:
334:
328:
315:155–185 captured
307:
304:
285:2 torpedo boats
279:
276:
264:
263:
254:
253:
252:
245:
238:Henryk Sucharski
236:
235:
234:
227:
225:
218:
217:
216:
207:
206:
205:
196:
195:
194:
179:
175:
173:
172:
161:
159:
158:
152:
148:
146:
145:
118:
117:
115:
114:
113:
108:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
61:
60:
47:
23:
22:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4853:
4818:
4744:
4730:National Museum
4654:
4603:Oliwa Cathedral
4586:
4553:
4549:Uphagen's House
4497:Great Synagogue
4451:
4207:
4198:Paweł Adamowicz
4193:Tomasz Posadzki
4143:Julian Cybulski
4109:
4033:
4009:Gdańsk Shipyard
3994:Polish Corridor
3947:
3839:Battle of Oliwa
3766:
3760:
3725:
3704:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3646:
3644:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3592:
3590:
3579:
3575:
3565:
3563:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3518:
3514:
3504:
3502:
3498:Gazeta Wyborcza
3489:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3370:
3368:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3331:
3327:
3320:
3304:
3300:
3290:
3288:
3277:
3273:
3261:
3256:Anduła, Kamil.
3254:
3250:
3243:
3227:
3223:
3213:
3211:
3210:on 21 June 2018
3196:
3192:
3184:
3171:
3136:
3129:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3086:
3082:
3075:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3032:
3028:
3018:
3016:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2979:
2975:
2965:
2963:
2962:on 21 June 2018
2950:
2949:
2945:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2915:
2908:
2904:
2885:
2881:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2839:
2834:
2823:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2763:
2756:
2751:
2742:
2732:
2716:
2712:
2693:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2650:
2629:
2622:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2544:
2537:
2527:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2454:
2450:
2438:
2431:
2420:
2413:
2394:
2390:
2379:Przegląd Morski
2374:
2367:
2340:
2333:
2317:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2289:on 12 June 2018
2277:
2276:
2272:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2234:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2200:
2196:
2185:
2172:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2114:
2107:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2011:
1978:
1971:
1955:
1946:
1939:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1841:
1820:
1816:
1794:
1781:
1728:Christian cross
1714:in 1948. After
1694:
1662:
1639:François Fillon
1594:
1577:
1565:Warsaw Uprising
1539:
1534:penned a poem,
1448:
1405:German war flag
1398:
1323:Major Sucharski
1259:field artillery
1180:
1147:Gustav Kleikamp
1029:
1015:
976:Klaipėda region
964:
896:
836:
756:
755:
754:
749:
718:
652:Kampinos Forest
486:Slovak invasion
456:Węgierska Górka
421:Lasy Królewskie
392:
387:
385:
383:
349:
348:
347:
346:
344:
338:
337:
336:
314:
312:
305:
301:
286:
284:
280:
277:
250:
248:
247:
246:
232:
230:
221:
214:
212:
211:
209:Gustav Kleikamp
203:
201:
200:
192:
190:
189:
170:
168:
156:
154:
153:
143:
141:
111:
109:
105:
102:
97:
94:
92:
90:
89:
88:
71:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4941:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4888:1939 in Poland
4873:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4830:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4792:Live in Gdańsk
4788:
4781:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4760:
4752:
4750:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4618:Port of Gdańsk
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4598:Abbot's Palace
4594:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4492:Granary Island
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4457:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4440:Zaspa-Rozstaje
4437:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4401:Wrzeszcz Górny
4398:
4397:
4396:
4389:Wrzeszcz Dolny
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4347:Biskupia Górka
4339:
4334:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4317:
4315:Przymorze Małe
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4178:Jerzy Pasiński
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4133:Piotr Stolarek
4130:
4125:
4119:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4105:Albert Forster
4102:
4100:Arthur Greiser
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4070:Daniel Gralath
4067:
4062:
4060:Conrad Letzkau
4056:
4054:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3906:Postal history
3898:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3791:
3785:
3783:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3723:
3708:
3702:
3681:
3680:
3654:
3628:
3600:
3573:
3562:on 8 July 2018
3543:
3512:
3483:
3456:
3430:
3404:
3378:
3352:
3325:
3318:
3298:
3271:
3248:
3241:
3221:
3190:
3134:
3127:
3107:
3100:
3080:
3073:
3053:
3046:
3026:
3000:
2993:
2973:
2943:
2902:
2879:
2853:
2837:
2821:
2809:
2802:
2784:
2754:
2752:Mann, 2008 p13
2740:
2730:
2710:
2680:
2678:Mann, 2008 p12
2671:
2664:
2627:
2620:
2593:
2586:
2568:
2558:
2535:
2525:
2502:
2495:
2475:
2468:
2448:
2418:
2411:
2388:
2338:
2331:
2300:
2279:"Westerplatte"
2270:
2244:
2221:
2214:
2194:
2170:
2151:(4): 561–579.
2135:
2128:
2105:
2089:
2080:
2032:
1976:
1969:
1944:
1937:
1917:
1910:
1904:. I.B.Tauris.
1890:
1883:
1860:
1853:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1757:Following the
1661:
1658:
1631:Vladimir Putin
1593:
1590:
1576:
1573:
1513:battles of Hel
1482:described the
1447:
1444:
1397:
1394:
1292:Von der Gronen
1232:Staff Sergeant
1179:
1176:
1113:Danzig harbour
1111:, sailed into
1050:wire obstacles
963:
960:
932:fortifications
924:preventive war
835:
832:
799:, WST) on the
780:Gdańsk, Poland
751:
750:
748:
747:
740:
733:
726:
717:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
678:Southern Front
675:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
596:Northern Front
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
534:4–10 September
531:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
489:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
461:Tuchola Forest
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
397:
394:
393:
382:
381:
374:
367:
359:
351:
350:
340:
339:
330:
329:
323:
322:
321:
320:
317:
316:
309:
297:
296:
292:
291:
288:
271:
270:
266:
265:
228:
198:F.G. Eberhardt
186:
185:
181:
180:
165:
137:
136:
132:
131:
128:
127:
126:German victory
124:
120:
119:
80:
78:
74:
73:
67:1–7 September
65:
57:
56:
40:
39:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4940:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4868:
4860:
4859:
4856:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4623:Przekop Wisły
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4608:Ostrów Island
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4435:Zaspa-Młyniec
4433:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4352:Główne Miasto
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4305:Piecki-Migowo
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4158:Jan Nikołajew
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4085:Heinrich Sahm
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:Danzig gulden
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
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2933:on 2014-08-26
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1624:
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1582:shell-shocked
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1480:I. C. B. Dear
1477:
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1171:Danzig Police
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24:
19:
4811:
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4776:
4764:The Tin Drum
4762:
4755:
4685:Forum Gdańsk
4638:Westerplatte
4517:Nowa Motława
4357:Stare Miasto
4153:Tadeusz Bejm
4004:Danzig Cross
3959:Coat of arms
3912:
3717:. Parragon.
3713:
3693:
3688:
3671:. Retrieved
3666:
3657:
3645:. Retrieved
3640:
3631:
3619:. Retrieved
3615:
3603:
3591:. Retrieved
3586:
3576:
3564:. Retrieved
3560:the original
3555:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
3530:the original
3525:
3515:
3503:. Retrieved
3496:
3486:
3474:. Retrieved
3469:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3442:
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3416:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3390:
3381:
3369:. Retrieved
3364:
3355:
3343:. Retrieved
3338:
3328:
3308:
3301:
3289:. Retrieved
3284:
3274:
3265:
3251:
3231:
3224:
3212:. Retrieved
3208:the original
3203:
3193:
3180:
3175:
3121:. ABC-CLIO.
3117:
3110:
3090:
3083:
3063:
3056:
3036:
3029:
3017:. Retrieved
3012:
3003:
2983:
2976:
2964:. Retrieved
2960:the original
2955:
2946:
2935:. Retrieved
2928:the original
2923:
2919:
2905:
2888:
2882:
2865:
2856:
2793:
2787:
2775:. Retrieved
2770:
2735:
2720:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2683:
2674:
2654:
2611:
2606:
2577:
2571:
2563:
2548:
2530:
2515:
2485:
2478:
2458:
2451:
2442:
2401:
2391:
2382:
2378:
2325:. Parragon.
2321:
2291:. Retrieved
2287:the original
2282:
2273:
2264:
2238:
2224:
2204:
2197:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2118:
2098:
2092:
2083:
2023:. Retrieved
2018:
1959:
1927:
1920:
1900:
1893:
1873:
1844:
1756:
1689:
1666:war trophies
1663:
1651:
1650:(1967), and
1647:Westerplatte
1645:
1643:
1611:Beata Szydło
1607:Andrzej Duda
1595:
1587:
1578:
1569:Westerplatte
1568:
1535:
1527:
1524:Polish Radio
1521:
1508:
1506:
1499:
1483:
1468:World War II
1465:
1446:Significance
1429:
1414:
1409:Westerplatte
1390:
1385:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1352:
1347:Westerplatte
1336:
1327:Westerplatte
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1284:
1278:
1273:dive bombers
1269:
1251:
1243:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1191:
1189:
1167:
1155:Adolf Hitler
1150:
1136:
1116:
1103:
1097:
1092:
1089:Tor kolejowy
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1054:
984:
965:
929:
921:
871:
839:Westerplatte
837:
824:
808:
801:Westerplatte
784:
772:Westerplatte
768:World War II
759:
757:
742:
735:
728:
721:
704:Janów Forest
677:
676:
595:
594:
533:
532:
498:Westerplatte
497:
492:Baltic coast
491:
490:
398:
282:1 battleship
278: 3,400
222:
135:Belligerents
82:Westerplatte
51:
37:World War II
31:Part of the
18:
4710:Hala Olivia
4613:Port Island
4544:Ulica Długa
4532:Archdiocese
4487:Golden Gate
4472:Artus Court
4394:Nowe Szkoty
4342:Śródmieście
4090:Ernst Ziehm
4019:Lech Wałęsa
3621:17 December
3589:(in Polish)
3501:(in Polish)
3472:(in Polish)
3470:wyborcza.pl
3341:(in Polish)
3339:wyborcza.pl
3287:(in Polish)
3285:Histmag.org
3015:(in Polish)
2956:www.mhmg.pl
2773:(in Polish)
2283:www.mhmg.pl
1782: [
1695: [
1619:Lech Wałęsa
1599:Donald Tusk
1592:Remembrance
1575:Controversy
1540: [
1329:to General
1126:shock-troop
1077:Elektrownia
1030: [
1016: [
980:coup d'état
956:barbed wire
897: [
847:World War I
827:Polish Army
820:dive-bomber
555:Borowa Góra
466:Częstochowa
313:20 wounded
287:60 aircraft
110: /
4882:Categories
4680:Ergo Arena
4591:Metro area
4502:Green Gate
4482:Długi Targ
4477:City walls
4024:Solidarity
3974:Goldwasser
3964:Kashubians
3896:Danzig law
3874:Parliament
3641:www.nid.pl
3232:Gałczyński
2937:2018-07-06
2704:(35): 10.
2698:Kurier PKP
1814:References
1492:false-flag
1257:and heavy
1133:Lieutenant
1057:entrenched
1009:Leon Pająk
1006:Lieutenant
1000:, Captain
972:Lithuanian
952:barricades
878:garrisoned
859:city-state
834:Background
667:Krasnobród
657:Krasnystaw
513:Worek Plan
508:Danzig Bay
311:15 killed
306: 150
300:50 killed
98:18°40′17″E
95:54°24′27″N
4539:Town Hall
4522:Ołowianka
4464:Main City
4456:Landmarks
4428:Jelitkowo
4374:Suchanino
4325:Przymorze
4310:Przeróbka
4275:Nowy Port
4217:Districts
4014:SS Sołdek
3807:1655–1660
3673:28 August
3505:8 October
3443:WPROST.pl
3365:WPolityce
3019:28 August
2920:Pamięć.pl
2897:871264173
2874:0024-3019
2771:WPROST.pl
2165:153437646
1707:Stalinist
1670:Flensburg
1417:desertion
1396:Aftermath
1227:kill zone
1196:broadside
1149:, aboard
810:Wehrmacht
451:Fraustadt
436:Grudziądz
4867:Category
4643:Monument
4559:Old Town
4406:Wrzeszcz
4384:VII Dwór
4285:Olszynka
4270:Młyniska
4265:Matarnia
4250:Kokoszki
4043:Politics
3781:Timeline
3765:articles
3417:TVN24.pl
3391:TVP Info
2399:(1987).
2385:: 55–63.
1792:See also
1421:Sergeant
1384:and the
1374:(Polish
1359:gangrene
1263:howitzer
1194:fired a
1069:Łazienki
1065:Przystań
974:coastal
948:trenches
940:barracks
917:privates
885:hectares
744:Timeline
709:Cześniki
689:Jarosław
684:Przemyśl
662:Łomianki
612:Kałuszyn
560:Piotrków
481:Bukowiec
476:Katowice
446:Jordanów
431:Pszczyna
416:Krojanty
411:Chojnice
269:Strength
77:Location
72:(6 days)
4757:The Jew
4507:Motława
4369:Strzyża
4337:Siedlce
4332:Rudniki
4260:Letnica
4235:Brzeźno
4230:Brętowo
4225:Aniołki
4029:Tricity
3952:Related
3793:Sieges
3647:21 June
3214:21 June
2966:21 June
2025:4 April
1742:atop a
1740:obelisk
1206:on the
1129:company
1044:, four
995:Captain
962:Prelude
936:bunkers
903:(WST) (
889:harbour
699:Jaworów
570:Pułtusk
471:Mikołów
308:wounded
290:182–240
223:†
150:Germany
4799:Strike
4245:Jasień
3884:anthem
3879:Senate
3763:Gdańsk
3721:
3700:
3593:8 July
3566:8 July
3536:6 July
3520:ZDiZ.
3476:8 July
3449:8 July
3423:8 July
3397:8 July
3371:8 July
3345:6 July
3316:
3291:6 July
3239:
3183:]
3125:
3098:
3071:
3044:
2991:
2895:
2872:
2800:
2777:6 July
2728:
2662:
2618:
2584:
2556:
2523:
2493:
2466:
2409:
2329:
2293:5 June
2212:
2163:
2126:
1967:
1935:
1908:
1881:
1851:
1701:and a
1517:Gdynia
1371:szabla
1355:Warsaw
1223:ambush
1178:Battle
1123:marine
1040:, two
1022:, and
905:Polish
861:, the
855:Gdańsk
851:Poland
791:Polish
637:Brześć
632:Kobryń
627:Modlin
617:Węgrów
602:Warsaw
518:Gdynia
503:Danzig
406:Wieluń
258:
240:
177:Poland
174:
160:
147:
123:Result
4445:Zaspa
4364:Stogi
4300:Osowa
4280:Oliwa
4240:Chełm
3692:[
3612:(PDF)
3262:(PDF)
3185:(PDF)
3179:[
2931:(PDF)
2916:(PDF)
2694:(PDF)
2610:[
2439:(PDF)
2375:(PDF)
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