25:
175:
107:
761:
the
Bulgarians stationed on the heights showered the Byzantine force below with rocks and arrows. In panic, the Byzantines broke up and began a disorganized retreat, prompting a Bulgarian charge, who slaughtered everyone on their way. Isaac II barely escaped; his guards had to cut a path through their soldiers, enabling their commander's flight from the rout. The Byzantine historian
760:
stretching for kilometers. The
Bulgarians reached the pass before them and staged an ambush from the heights of a narrow gorge. The Byzantine vanguard concentrated their attack on the centre where the Bulgarian leaders were positioned, but once the two main forces met and hand-to-hand combat ensued,
748:
The siege of
Tarnovo was unsuccessful. The defense of the city was led by Asen himself and the morale of his troops was very high. The Byzantine morale, on the other hand, was quite low for several reasons: the lack of any military success, heavy casualties and particularly the fact that the
789:, but, after the major successes of his younger brother, he was proclaimed Emperor later that year. Officially, Peter preserved his title and ruled from Preslav, but the state now governed by Ivan Asen I. In the next two years, he conquered many lands to the west and south-west including
768:
The battle was a major catastrophe for the
Byzantines. The victorious army captured the imperial treasure including the golden helmet of the Byzantine Emperors, the crown and the Imperial Cross which was considered the most valuable possession of the Byzantine rulers - a solid gold
749:
soldiers' pay was in arrears. This was used by Asen, who sent an agent in the guise of a deserter to the
Byzantine camp. The man told Isaac II that, despite the efforts of the Byzantine navy, an enormous Cuman army had passed the river
777:. It was thrown in the river by a Byzantine cleric but was recovered by the Bulgarians. These trophies later became the pride of the Bulgarian Treasure and were carried around the capital, Tarnovo, during official occasions.
263:
290:
883:
256:
888:
375:
717:
The
Byzantines prepared a third campaign to avenge the Bulgarian actions. Like the previous two invasions, they managed to overcome the passes of the
249:
753:
and was heading towards
Tarnovo to relieve the siege. The Byzantine Emperor panicked and immediately called for a retreat through the nearest pass.
756:
The
Bulgarian Emperor deduced that his opponent would go through the Tryavna Pass. The Byzantine army slowly marched southwards, their troops and
54:
405:
391:
908:
842:
435:
903:
864:
535:
76:
47:
702:
454:
426:
564:
530:
491:
481:
461:
365:
516:
466:
442:
273:
584:
204:
913:
835:
The
History of the Byzantine Empire: From the foundation of Constantinople to the collapse of the state
645:
893:
360:
315:
310:
305:
300:
37:
523:
411:
397:
98:
41:
33:
16:
Military engagement between the
Byzantines and the Bulgarians, part of the Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars
898:
690:
637:
547:
506:
195:
178:
681:
used this time to further organize their administration and military. When the soldiers of the
340:
58:
579:
574:
786:
694:
604:
471:
416:
382:
355:
8:
830:
785:
The victory was very important for Bulgaria. Up to that moment, the official Emperor was
677:
recognizing the independence of Bulgaria. Until 1189, both sides observed the truce. The
447:
370:
325:
320:
621:
589:
501:
496:
174:
860:
838:
762:
698:
665:
599:
540:
350:
705:, with a force of 40,000 against the Byzantines. However, the relations between the
794:
718:
668:
641:
594:
569:
511:
476:
345:
200:
183:
661:
554:
486:
421:
295:
208:
851:Йордан Андреев, Милчо Лалков, Българските ханове и царе, Велико Търново, 1996.
877:
757:
682:
241:
726:
106:
774:
765:
wrote that only Isaac Angelos escaped and most of the others perished.
678:
733:. The Byzantine army next marched westwards to besiege the capital at
770:
706:
628:) occurred in 1190, in the mountains around the contemporary town of
721:. They made a bluff indicating that they would pass near the sea by
709:
and the Byzantines smoothed, and the Bulgarian proposal was evaded.
797:
and the Byzantines were powerless to resist the Bulgarian attacks.
673:
633:
135:
644:, which secured the successes achieved since the beginning of the
734:
730:
722:
629:
131:
750:
738:
657:
686:
790:
742:
332:
807:
745:
auxiliaries from the northern Bulgarian territories.
737:. At the same time, the Byzantine fleet reached the
725:, but instead headed west and passed through the
875:
857:O City of Byzantium. Annals of Niketas Choniates
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
884:Battles involving the Second Bulgarian Empire
257:
271:
156:Byzantium is losing influence in the Balkans
651:
264:
250:
859:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
854:
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
889:Battles of the Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars
829:
813:
876:
671:was forced to conclude a truce, thus
245:
18:
697:offered to help the Emperor of the
13:
14:
925:
855:Magoulias, Harry J., ed. (1984).
436:Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
173:
105:
23:
823:
685:reached the Bulgarian lands at
455:Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria
236:Byzantine army was annihilated
1:
909:1190s in the Byzantine Empire
800:
712:
656:After his second campaign in
780:
7:
793:and Niš. His troops looted
646:Rebellion of Asen and Peter
10:
930:
773:containing a piece of the
625:
283:
227:
214:
189:
167:
139:42°57'05.1"N 25°35'51.9"E
113:
104:
96:
91:
904:12th century in Bulgaria
524:Uprising of Peter Delyan
275:Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
99:Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars
32:This article includes a
652:Origins of the conflict
548:Second Bulgarian Empire
61:more precise citations.
190:Commanders and leaders
703:Frederick I Barbarosa
228:Casualties and losses
837:. Moscow: КоЛибри.
636:. The result was a
741:to bar the way of
660:and the fruitless
590:Uprising of Ivaylo
427:3rd Constantinople
366:2nd Constantinople
291:1st Constantinople
34:list of references
914:Conflicts in 1190
844:978-5-389-19591-2
763:Niketas Choniates
699:Holy Roman Empire
666:Byzantine Emperor
640:victory over the
618:Battle of Tryavna
613:
612:
240:
239:
163:
162:
147:Bulgarian victory
92:Battle of Tryavna
87:
86:
79:
921:
894:Balkan mountains
870:
848:
817:
811:
719:Balkan mountains
669:Isaac II Angelos
642:Byzantine Empire
627:
626:Битка при Трявна
565:2nd Arcadiopolis
536:5th Thessalonica
531:4th Thessalonica
492:3rd Thessalonica
482:2nd Thessalonica
467:1st Thessalonica
443:1st Arcadiopolis
278:
276:
266:
259:
252:
243:
242:
201:Isaac II Angelos
184:Byzantine Empire
179:Bulgarian Empire
177:
115:
114:
109:
89:
88:
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
57:this article by
48:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
929:
928:
924:
923:
922:
920:
919:
918:
874:
873:
867:
845:
826:
821:
820:
812:
808:
803:
783:
715:
662:siege of Lovech
654:
614:
609:
279:
274:
272:
270:
209:Manuel Kamytzes
207:
203:
159:
153:
152:
138:
83:
72:
66:
63:
52:
38:related reading
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
927:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
899:1190 in Europe
896:
891:
886:
872:
871:
865:
852:
849:
843:
825:
822:
819:
818:
816:, p. 517.
805:
804:
802:
799:
782:
779:
714:
711:
653:
650:
611:
610:
608:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
585:2nd Adrianople
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
544:
543:
538:
533:
520:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
462:Trajan's Gates
451:
450:
445:
432:
431:
430:
429:
424:
419:
414:
406:War of 913–927
402:
401:
400:
398:Boulgarophygon
392:War of 894–896
379:
378:
373:
368:
363:
361:1st Adrianople
358:
353:
348:
343:
329:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
284:
281:
280:
269:
268:
261:
254:
246:
238:
237:
234:
230:
229:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
212:
211:
198:
192:
191:
187:
186:
181:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
160:
158:
157:
150:
149:
148:
145:
141:
140:
129:
127:
123:
122:
119:
111:
110:
102:
101:
94:
93:
85:
84:
67:September 2014
42:external links
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
926:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
879:
868:
866:0-8143-1764-2
862:
858:
853:
850:
846:
840:
836:
832:
831:Norwich, John
828:
827:
815:
810:
806:
798:
796:
792:
788:
778:
776:
772:
766:
764:
759:
758:baggage train
754:
752:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:Third Crusade
680:
676:
675:
670:
667:
664:in 1187, the
663:
659:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
623:
619:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
551:
550:
549:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
528:
527:
526:
525:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
458:
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
439:
438:
437:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
408:
407:
403:
399:
396:
395:
394:
393:
389:
388:
387:
386:
384:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
337:
336:
334:
327:
326:2nd Marcellae
324:
322:
319:
317:
316:2nd Anchialus
314:
312:
309:
307:
306:1st Marcellae
304:
302:
301:1st Anchialus
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
288:
287:
282:
277:
267:
262:
260:
255:
253:
248:
247:
244:
235:
232:
231:
226:
222:
219:
218:
213:
210:
206:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
188:
185:
182:
180:
176:
172:
171:
166:
155:
154:
146:
143:
142:
137:
133:
128:
125:
124:
120:
117:
116:
112:
108:
103:
100:
95:
90:
81:
78:
70:
60:
56:
50:
49:
43:
39:
35:
30:
21:
20:
856:
834:
824:Bibliography
814:Norwich 2023
809:
784:
767:
755:
747:
716:
672:
655:
617:
615:
559:
546:
545:
522:
521:
453:
452:
434:
433:
404:
390:
385:'s campaigns
381:
380:
335:'s campaigns
331:
330:
285:
168:Belligerents
151:Full results
97:Part of the
73:
64:
53:Please help
45:
727:Rishki Pass
580:Klokotnitsa
517:Dyrrhachium
311:Rishki Pass
205:John Doukas
196:Ivan Asen I
121:Spring 1190
59:introducing
878:Categories
801:References
775:Holy Cross
713:The battle
679:Bulgarians
632:, central
605:Rusokastro
472:Spercheios
448:Dorostolon
417:Katasyrtai
356:Versinikia
286:Early wars
781:Aftermath
771:reliquary
707:Crusaders
648:in 1185.
638:Bulgarian
622:Bulgarian
502:Strumitsa
371:Mesembria
321:Litosoria
833:(2023).
787:Peter IV
674:de facto
634:Bulgaria
497:Kleidion
412:Achelous
383:Simeon I
376:Burdizon
351:Debeltos
215:Strength
136:Bulgaria
126:Location
735:Tarnovo
731:Preslav
723:Pomorie
630:Tryavna
600:Skafida
560:Tryavna
541:Ostrovo
341:Serdica
233:Unknown
223:Unknown
220:Unknown
132:Tryavna
55:improve
863:
841:
795:Thrace
751:Danube
739:Danube
658:Moesia
595:Devina
570:Serres
555:Lovech
512:Setina
507:Bitola
477:Skopje
346:Pliska
144:Result
791:Sofia
743:Cuman
695:Peter
575:Varna
487:Kreta
422:Pegae
296:Ongal
130:near
40:, or
861:ISBN
839:ISBN
693:and
691:Asen
616:The
333:Krum
118:Date
729:to
687:Niš
880::
701:,
689:,
624::
134:,
44:,
36:,
869:.
847:.
620:(
265:e
258:t
251:v
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
