Second Battle of Bull Run

2076:'s brigade attacked at 3 p.m., expecting to be supported by Kearny's division. With Isaac Stevens's division behind him as support, Grover moved his brigade into the woods and charged right at Edward Thomas's Georgia brigade. Grover's men got all the way to the railroad embankment and unleashed a volley of near point-blank fire on Thomas's regiments, followed by a bayonet charge. Taken by surprise, the Georgians fell back and fierce hand-to-hand combat ensued. Maxcy Gregg's South Carolinans came to reinforce them, followed by Dorsey Pender's brigade of North Carolinans. Pender hit Grover's brigade in the flank and sent the men fleeing in panic with over 350 casualties. Pender's brigade then surged out of the woods in pursuit of Grover, but once again the Union artillery on Dogan Ridge was too powerful; a strong barrage forced Pender to retreat. Meanwhile, to the north, Joseph Carr's brigade had been engaged in a low-level firefight with Confederate troops, in the process wounding Isaac Trimble, one of Jackson's most dependable brigadiers since the Valley Campaign the previous spring. With Nelson Taylor's brigade of Hooker's division in support, James Nagle's brigade of Reno's division surged forward and slammed into Trimble's brigade, temporarily leaderless. Trimble's men were routed and began to retreat in disorder, but like all the previous Union attacks during the day, Nagle was unsupported and had no chance against overwhelming enemy numbers. Henry Forno's Louisiana brigade counterattacked and drove Nagle back. Bradley Johnson and Col. Leroy Stafford's 9th Louisiana joined in the assault. To the south, John Hood's division had just arrived on the field, forcing back Milroy and Nagle. Milroy's already exhausted brigade fell apart and started to run from the onslaught. To check the Confederate counterattack, Pope pulled Schenck from south of the turnpike and with artillery support, forced the Confederates back to the shelter of the railroad embankment. While all this was going on, Kearny still remained out of the action. 2121:, whom Pope had taken a considerable disliking to early in the campaign. Hatch had originally led a cavalry brigade and failed to carry out an order from Pope to raid down into the Richmond outskirts. Displeased at this, Pope reassigned Hatch to infantry command. He now ordered Hatch to go up the Sudley Road and attack, but Hatch protested that the road was clogged with Kearny's troops, it would not be possible to clear them out of the way before darkness. Exasperated, Pope repeated his order for Hatch to advance on the Confederate right, but was soon distracted by actions going on the other side of the line. John Hood's division had arrived on Jackson's right and McDowell ordered Hatch to reinforce Reynolds despite Hatch's protests that two of his three brigades (Gibbon and Doubleday's) were exhausted from the fight at Brawner's Farm the previous day. Hatch deployed Doubleday's brigade out in front. Hood's division forced Hatch and Reynolds back to a position on Bald Hill, overrunning Chinn Ridge in the process. As night fell, Hood pulled back from this exposed position. Longstreet and his subordinates again argued to Lee that they should not be attacking a force they considered to be placed in a strong defensive position, and for the third time, Lee cancelled the planned assault. 2524: 1798:

woods". The division was in an exposed position with two of its brigades badly cut up, and facing Stonewall Jackson's entire corps. Although the Union generals did not know exactly how many men Jackson had with him, it was almost certainly a far greater number than the 4000 men in King's division. Moreover, Confederate prisoners taken in the fighting around Brawner's Farm claimed that Jackson's command numbered between 60,000 and 70,000 men and was poised to strike at first light the next morning. Reynolds and Sigel were some miles away and would not be on the scene until morning, by which time Jackson could easily crush King. Ricketts was closer, but had Longstreet following far behind. Since staying in place at Groveton was clearly unacceptable, the only other options were retreating either to Manassas Junction or Centreville. Gibbon recommended the former since the exact disposition of the enemy was unknown and going to Centreville risked a disastrous march across his front. King finally agreed, and the division formed up into columns and moved south to Manassas Junction. At the same time, Ricketts had arrived at a similar conclusion and marched south and away from Jackson as well, in his case towards Bristoe Station.

1889:. Jackson's position straddled a railroad grade that had been dug out by the Manassas Gap Railroad Company in the 1850s and abandoned on the eve of the war. While some parts of the railroad grade were a good defensive position, others were not, moreover the heavily wooded terrain largely precluded the use of artillery aside from the right end of the line, which faced open fields. Fitz Lee's cavalry along with a battery of horse artillery were anchoring the left flank of the Confederate line, in case any Union troops attempted to cross Sudley Ford (as McDowell had done during the battle here 13 months earlier) and get in Jackson's rear. The Confederate right flank was potentially vulnerable, as it was held by Taliaferro's (now Starke's) division, the smallest of Jackson's three divisions and which had also taken significant casualties in the fighting at Brawner's Farm. Jackson thus placed the brigades of Early and Forno on the right end of the line, both large brigades that had not been engaged the previous evening and were fresh. Aside from bolstering Starke's understrength division, they were to watch and give notice of Longstreet's arrival. 1893:

Gibbon also stated that he had no idea what had become of McDowell, to which an infuriated Pope replied "God damn McDowell! He's never where he's supposed to be!" Gibbon rode down to Manassas where he encountered Porter's troops resting and drawing rations. In addition, King, exhausted and ill from epileptic attacks, had turned over command of the division to John Hatch. McDowell was there as well, after spending most of the previous day wandering aimlessly around Prince William County, and not happy to learn of Pope's orders. In effect, King would accompany Porter, while Reynolds was temporarily attached to Sigel's corps, and Ricketts was still some miles away at Bristoe Station in effect leaving McDowell without any command. Pope on the 29th remained firmly wedded to the idea that Jackson was in a desperate situation and almost trapped, not only an incorrect assumption, but one that also depended on the coordination of all the corps and divisions under his command, none of which were where he intended them to be.

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that would not come, Pope ordered Kearny to attack Jackson's far left flank, intending to put strong pressure on both ends of the line. At 5 p.m. Kearny sent Robinson and Birney's brigades surging forward into A.P. Hill's exhausted division. The brunt of the attack fell on Maxcy Gregg's brigade, which had defended against two major assaults over eight hours that day and was nearly out of ammunition in addition to having lost most of its officers. As they fell back onto the edge of a hillside, Gregg lopped some wildflowers with his old Revolutionary War scimitar and remarked, "Let us die here my men, let us die here." With both Thomas's and Gregg's brigades on the verge of disintegrating, A.P. Hill sent a message to Jackson calling for help. Meanwhile, Daniel Leasure's brigade of Isaac Stevens's division crept around to the south and forced back James Archer's Tennessee brigade. Jubal Early's brigade, which had begun the day on the extreme right of the Confederate line, and

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However, Trimble was quickly reinforced by part of Bradley Johnson's Virginia brigade and the 82nd Ohio was forced to retreat. Its commander, Col. James Cantwell, was shot dead and the regiment fled in panic, causing the 5th West Virginia behind them to also retreat in disorder. In just 20 minutes of fighting, Milroy's brigade had taken 300 casualties. Schenck and Reynolds, subjected to a heavy artillery barrage, answered with counterbattery fire, but avoided a general advance of their infantry, instead merely deploying skirmishers which got into a low-level firefight with Jubal Early's brigade. While this was going on, Meade's brigade came across wounded men from King's division, who had been abandoned by their comrades and left on the field all night. Medical personnel attempted to evacuate as many of the wounded as possible under the ongoing firefight. With his brigade in shreds, Milroy attempted to rally the survivors. He then came across Brig. Gen

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Historian John J. Hennessy described the order as a "masterpiece of contradiction and obfuscation that would become the focal point of decades of wrangling". It described the attacks on Jackson's left, which were already underway, but was unclear about what Porter and McDowell were supposed to do. Rather than moving "to" Gainesville and striking Jackson's supposedly unprotected right flank, it described a move "toward" Gainesville and "as soon as communication is established the whole command shall halt. It may be necessary to fall back behind Bull Run to Centreville tonight." Nowhere in the order did Pope explicitly direct Porter and McDowell to attack and he concluded the order with, "If any considerable advantages are to be gained from departing from this order it will not be strictly carried out," rendering the document virtually useless as a military order.

2332:'s brigades fired so much that they ran out of ammunition and resorted to throwing large rocks at the 24th New York, causing occasional damage, and prompting some of the surprised New Yorkers to throw them back. To support Jackson's exhausted defense, which was stretched to the breaking point, Longstreet's artillery added to the barrage against Union reinforcements attempting to move in, cutting them to pieces. Hatch's brigade fell back in confusion, the men running into Patrick's brigade and causing them to also panic. The mob quickly contacted Gibbon's brigade, which remained some distance to the rear, while Doubleday's brigade had inexplicably wandered away from the field of action. Meanwhile, Butterfield's hard-pressed division was buckling under heavy Confederate musketry and artillery blasts and coming near to disintegrating. 2806: 2716: 2480:

most significant Confederate failures" of the battle, greatly reducing the value of his advance. The attack coincided with Pope's ordered withdrawal of units north of the turnpike to assist in the Henry House Hill defense and the Confederates were able to overrun a number of artillery and infantry units in their fierce assault. By 7 p.m., however, Pope had established a strong defensive line that aligned with the units on Henry House Hill. At 8 p.m., he ordered a general withdrawal on the turnpike to Centreville. Unlike the calamitous retreat at the First Battle of Bull Run, the Union movement was quiet and orderly. The Confederates, weary from battle and low on ammunition, did not pursue in the darkness. Although Lee had won a great victory, he had not achieved his objective of destroying Pope's army.

2703: 2339:'s brigade of regulars into action, but Longstreet's attack on the Union left interrupted him. The withdrawal was also a costly operation. Some of the jubilant Confederates in Starke's brigade attempted a pursuit, but were beaten back by the Union reserves posted along the Groveton-Sudley Road. Overall, Jackson's command was too depleted to counterattack, allowing Porter to stabilize the situation north of the turnpike. Concerned about Porter's situation, however, Irvin McDowell ordered Reynolds's division to leave Chinn Ridge and come to Porter's support. This may have been the worst tactical decision of the day because it left only 2,200 Union troops south of the turnpike, where they would soon face ten times their number of Confederates. 2689: 2134: 2324:

Hatch's division to support Butterfield's right flank. Hatch formed his four brigades into a line of battle, the attack being spearheaded by his own brigade, now commanded by Col. Timothy Sullivan since he assumed division command the day earlier. Hatch's division had only 300 yards (270 m) to traverse, but was required to perform a complex right wheel maneuver under fire to hit the Confederate position squarely in its front. They experienced devastating fire from Stephen Lee's batteries and then withering volleys from the infantrymen in the line. In the confusion, Hatch was knocked from his horse by an artillery shell and taken off the field unconscious. Nevertheless, they were able to break the Confederate line, routing the

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but the 5th Texas to the right kept coming on and quickly shot down most of the gunners of Battery G. Nathan Evans' South Carolina brigade now arrived to reinforce the Texans and got in the rear of Hardin's brigade. Hardin fell wounded and command of the brigade devolved on Col. James Kirk of the 10th Pennsylvania Reserves. Kirk was shot down within minutes and a lieutenant colonel took over. The crumbling remains of the brigade fell back, some soldiers pausing to take shots at the oncoming Confederates. Nathaniel McLean's brigade of Ohioans arrived on the scene, but was assailed on three sides by the brigades of Law, Wilcox, and Evans, and soon joined the survivors of Hardin's brigade in a disorganized mob on Henry House Hill.

156: 2736: 2178:, but McClellan would not allow them to advance to Manassas because of what he considered inadequate artillery, cavalry, and transportation support. He was accused by his political opponents of deliberately undermining Pope's position, and he did not help his case in history when he wrote to his wife on August 10, "Pope will be badly thrashed within two days & ... they will be very glad to turn over the redemption of their affairs to me. I won't undertake it unless I have full & entire control." He told Abraham Lincoln on August 29 that it might be wise "to leave Pope to get out of his scrape, and at once use all our means to make the capital perfectly safe". 4942: 8874: 2296:

credit for any victory in the battle, so he decided to attack immediately rather than wait. Shortly after noon, Pope issued orders for Porter's corps, supported by Hatch and Reynolds, to advance west along the turnpike. At the same time, Ricketts, Kearny, and Hooker were to advance on the Confederate left. This dual movement would potentially crush the retreating Confederates. But the Confederates were not retreating, and were in fact hoping to be attacked. Lee was still waiting for an opportunity to counterattack with Longstreet's force. Although he was not certain that Pope would attack that day, Lee positioned 18 artillery pieces under Col.

1687:). Gibbon, a former artilleryman, responded with fire from Battery B, 4th U.S. Artillery. The artillery exchange halted King's column. Hatch's brigade had proceeded past the area and Patrick's men, in the rear of the column, sought cover, leaving Gibbon and Doubleday to respond to Jackson's attack. Gibbon assumed that, since Jackson was supposedly at Centreville (according to Pope), and having just seen the 14th Brooklyn of Hatch's Brigade reconnoiter the position, that these were merely horse artillery cannons from Jeb Stuart's cavalry. Gibbon sent aides out to the other brigades with requests for reinforcements, and sent his staff officer 2008:(IX Corps). Pope also arrived on the battlefield, where Sigel graciously ceded command to him. He expected to see the culmination of his victory, but instead, he found that Sigel's attack had failed completely with Schurz and Milroy's troops shot up, disorganized, and incapable of further action. Reynolds and Schenck's divisions were fresh, but they were committed to guarding the army's left flank. However, Heintzelman's corps and the two divisions of Reno were also available, giving a total of eight fresh brigades, but Pope also assumed that McDowell would be on the field and that McClellan would come down from Washington, D.C., with the 2675: 2820: 2764: 2750: 2778: 744:

First Bull Run (Manassas) battlefield, where he took position behind an unfinished railroad grade below Stony Ridge. The defensive position was a good one. The heavy woods allowed the Confederates to conceal themselves, while maintaining good observation points of the Warrenton Turnpike, the likely avenue of Union movement, only a few hundred yards to the south. There were good approach roads for Longstreet to join Jackson, or for Jackson to retreat to the Bull Run Mountains if he could not be reinforced in time. Finally, the unfinished railroad grade offered cuts and fills that could be used as ready-made entrenchments.

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Longstreet's column into positions that Jackson had preselected. While he waited for their arrival, Jackson reorganized his defense in case Pope attacked him that morning, positioning 20,000 men in a 3,000-yard (2,700 m) line to the south of Stony Ridge. Noticing the buildup of I Corps (Sigel's) troops along the Manassas-Sudley Road, he ordered A.P. Hill's brigades behind the railroad grade near Sudley Church on his left flank. Aware that his position was geographically weak (because the heavy woods in the area prevented effective deployment of artillery), Hill placed his brigades in two lines, with Brig. Gen.

2288: 4906: 144: 2256: 223: 211: 176: 8497: 8574: 1378: 8203: 2056:, who reported that 17 regiments of infantry, one battery, and 500 cavalry were moving through Gainesville at 8:15 a.m. This was Longstreet's wing arriving from Thoroughfare Gap, and it warned the two Union generals that trouble lay to their front. The Union advance was again halted. For some reason, McDowell neglected to forward Buford's report to Pope until about 7 p.m., so the army commander was operating under two severe misconceptions: that Longstreet was not near the battlefield and that Porter and McDowell were marching to attack Jackson's right flank. 285: 191: 2839: 2125:

entire Confederate army withdrew; Hood's division had in fact just done that. Pope issued explicit orders for Porter's corps to rejoin the main body of the army and planned for another offensive on August 30. Historian A. Wilson Greene argues that this was Pope's worst decision of the battle. Since he no longer had numerical superiority over the Confederates and did not possess any geographical advantage, the most prudent course would have been to withdraw his army over Bull Run and unite with McClellan's Army of the Potomac, which had 25,000 men nearby.

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resumed and it came down to a standstill until the 14th Georgia came down to reinforce the South Carolinans. They let loose multiple volleys of musket fire that sent Krzyzanowski's men running in panic. The Confederates came charging after the disorganized mass of Union troops, clubbing, bayoneting, and knifing resisters, but as they exited the woods and came out onto open ground, Union artillery positioned on Dogan's Ridge opened fire on them and forced them to retreat. To the north, Schimmelfennig's three regiments, the

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men in five divisions stretched nearly a mile and a half from the Brawner Farm in the north to the Manassas Gap Railroad in the south. To reach the hill, they would have to traverse 1.5 to 2 miles (3.2 km) of ground containing ridges, streams, and some heavily wooded areas. Longstreet knew that he would not be able to project a well-coordinated battle line across this terrain, so he had to rely on the drive and initiative of his division commanders. The lead division, on the left, closest to the turnpike, was

1355: 2016:. Instead, there was no sign of any of these troops anywhere. Pope momentarily considered withdrawing to Centreville, but became worried of the political fallout that would result if he was seen as insufficiently aggressive. Around this time, a messenger arrived and delivered Pope a note announcing that McDowell's corps was close up and would soon be on the field. Pope thus decided that he would drive at Jackson's center. By this time, Longstreet's initial units were in position to Jackson's right. Brig. Gen. 717: 2484: 791: 2472: 2399: 2343: 2316: 2089: 2064: 2036: 1926: 2387:) and 10th New York (the National Zouaves). Within the first 10 minutes of contact, the 500 men of the 5th New York had suffered almost 300 casualties, 120 of them mortally wounded. This was the largest loss of life of any infantry regiment in a single battle during the entire war. The Zouave regiments had been wearing bright red and blue uniforms, and one of Hood's officers wrote that the bodies lying on the hill reminded him of the Texas countryside when the wildflowers were in bloom. 5112: 52: 1332: 1309: 872: 1744:. Absorbing the volley from 150 yards (140 m), the 2nd Wisconsin did not waver, but replied with a devastating volley at the Virginians in Brawner's orchard. The Confederates returned fire when the lines were only 80 yards (73 m) apart. As units were added by both sides, the battle lines remained close together, a standup fight with little cover, trading mass volleys for over two hours. Jackson described the action as "fierce and sanguinary". Gibbon added his 2424:. Webster lined up his four regiments to face the Confederate attackers, but was struck by an artillery shell and collapsed dead on the field. Disheartened by Webster's death, his men began to fall back. Meanwhile, Tower was shot from his horse and carried off the field unconscious. Robert Schenck then ordered Col. John Koltes' brigade, which had been held in reserve during Sigel's attack on the Confederate left the previous day and was fresh, into action, along with 845: 1641: 818: 2407:

shattered troops came running out of the woods to the west. Reynolds protested the order to move to Chinn Ridge, arguing that his division was needed to prevent a Confederate attack from the woods. McDowell, however, told Reynolds that the Confederate attack was not coming from that direction, but from the south and to move his division there immediately. Even before this happened, one of Reynolds' brigade commanders, Col. Martin Hardin (commanding Brig. Gen

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no interest in a seemingly harmless farmer. Concerned that Pope might be withdrawing his army behind Bull Run to link up with McClellan's arriving forces, Jackson determined to attack. Returning to his position behind the tree line, he told his subordinates, "Bring out your men, gentlemen." At about 6:30 p.m., Confederate artillery began shelling the portion of the column to their front, John Gibbon's Black Hat Brigade (later to be named the

8068: 2279:'s brigade both pulled out of Porter's main column, marched back down to Manassas Junction, and then up to Centreville. Morell, using an outdated set of orders from a day earlier, had assumed Pope was at Centreville and he was expected to join him there. Piatt eventually realized that something was amiss and turned back around towards the battlefield, arriving on Henry House Hill at about 4 p.m. Griffin and his division commander Maj. Gen 4269: 926: 2192: 1816: 1996:

Robinson's brigade remained in position along the banks of the creek while Birney's seven regiments scattered. One was directed to support the corps artillery on Matthews Hill, another held idly in reserve, and the remaining three accompanied Poe to the banks of the creek until Confederate artillery fire became too hot for them and they pulled south into the woods where they joined in skirmishing with A.P. Hill's troops.

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reconnaissance, get our troops in the most favourable positions, and have all things ready for battle the next morning." To this General Lee reluctantly gave consent and Hood's division was sent forward. As soon as McDowell arrived at Pope's headquarters, the latter urged him to move King's division forward. McDowell then informed Pope that King had fallen ill and relinquished command of the division to Brig. Gen

2248:, marched 17 miles (27 km) and arrived on the battlefield at 3 a.m., August 30. Exhausted and unfamiliar with the area, they halted on a ridge east of Groveton. At dawn, they realized they were in an isolated position too close to the enemy and fell back. Pope's belief that the Confederate army was in retreat was reinforced by this movement, which came after the withdrawal of Hood's troops the night before. 245: 235: 265: 255: 2395:'s division of the IV Corps, were on the way to reinforce him, and moreover, McClellan had been ordered to stay behind in Washington, D.C. This would give Pope 41 brigades, all of them completely under his command and with no interference from McClellan whatsoever. Only after Warren had collapsed and McLean was being driven from the field did Pope finally realize what was happening. 1781:

fashion. The fight was essentially a stalemate, but at a heavy cost, with over 1,150 Union and 1,250 Confederate casualties. The 2nd Wisconsin lost 276 of 430 engaged. The Stonewall Brigade lost 340 out of 800. Two Georgia regiments—Trimble's 21st and Lawton's 26th—each lost more than 70%. In all, one of every three men engaged in the fight was shot. Confederate Brig. Gen.

728:. Heavy rains had swollen the river and Lee was unable to force a crossing. By this time, reinforcements from the Army of the Potomac were arriving from the Peninsula. Lee's new plan in the face of all these additional forces outnumbering him was to send Jackson and Stuart with half of the army on a flanking march to cut Pope's line of communication, the 2304:

On the right, Ricketts' division would support Heintzelman while Sigel's corps remained in reserve to the rear. Reynolds' division was stationed near Henry House Hill, with King's division on its right. Porter would strike Jackson's right flank with his 1st Division. Since General Morell was not present, command of the remaining troops fell to Brig. Gen

1967:, one of Schenck's brigadiers, and ordered him to defend against any Confederate counterattack coming from the woods. Although a hundred or so Confederates came bounding out of the woods in pursuit of Milroy, they were quickly driven back by artillery fire and Stahel returned to his original position south of the turnpike. 2702: 1793:

attracting the attention of John Pope. Pope wrongly assumed that the fight at the Brawner Farm occurred as Jackson was retreating from Centreville. Pope believed he had "bagged" Jackson and sought to capture him before he could be reinforced by Longstreet. Pope's dispatch sent that evening to Maj. Gen.

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has established these dates for the battle. The references by Greene, Hennessy, Salmon, and Kennedy (whose works are closely aligned with the NPS) adopt these dates as well. However, all of the other references to this article specify that the action on August 28 was a battle separate from the Second

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Pope thus directed McDowell to move his entire corps up the Sudley Road and hit the Confederate right flank. McDowell however protested this order, stating that he had no idea what was happening down on the Confederate left and he would much prefer to have his troops on Chinn Ridge. He then said that

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Assuming that Kearny's division of the III Corps was poised to support him, Schurz ordered another assault against Hill around 10 a.m., now that Schimmelfennig's brigade, plus the 1st New York from Kearny's division, had come up to reinforce Krzyzanowski. The fighting in the woods west of Sudley Road

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Pope's intention was to move against Jackson on both flanks. He ordered Fitz John Porter to move toward Gainesville and attack what he considered to be the Confederate right flank. He ordered Sigel to attack Jackson's left at daybreak. Sigel, unsure of Jackson's dispositions, chose to advance along a

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Jackson had initiated the battle at Brawner's farm with the intent of holding Pope until Longstreet arrived with the remainder of the Army of Northern Virginia. Longstreet's 25,000 men began their march from Thoroughfare Gap at 6 a.m. on August 29; Jackson sent Stuart to guide the initial elements of

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Jackson, who had been relieved to hear earlier that Longstreet's men were on their way to join him, displayed himself prominently to the Union troops, by riding up next to the marching Federals in his horse as a farmer, to the horror of his aides, but his presence was disregarded, as the Federals had

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brigade after Jackson had called in sick the previous day), took the initiative by himself and marched down to stem the Confederate onslaught. Taking with him Battery G of the 1st Pennsylvania Artillery, Hardin's brigade unleashed a volley of musket fire that stunned the 1st and 4th Texas regiments,

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at Pope's headquarters, his subordinates attempted to convince their commander to move cautiously. Probes of the Confederate line on Stony Ridge around 10 a.m. indicated that Stonewall Jackson's men were still firmly in their defensive positions. John F. Reynolds indicated that the Confederates were

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Hood's withdrawal from Chinn Ridge only reinforced Pope's belief that the enemy was retreating. When Pope learned from McDowell about Buford's report, he finally acknowledged that Longstreet was on the field, but he optimistically assumed that Longstreet was there only to reinforce Jackson while the

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At 4:30 p.m., Pope finally sent an explicit order to Porter to attack, but his aide (his nephew) lost his way and did not deliver the message until 6:30 p.m. In any event, Porter was in no better position to attack then than he had been earlier in the day. But in anticipation of the attack

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As Longstreet's men were placed into their final positions, General Lee ordered an offensive against the Union left. (Longstreet later remembered that Lee "was inclined to engage as soon as practicable, but did not order".) Longstreet, however, saw that the divisions of Reynolds and Schenck extended

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headed for Lewis Ford, a crossing in Bull Run Creek that would enable them to get in the rear of the Union army. However, Robertson and Rosser found the crossing blocked by John Buford's cavalry and after a short, but fierce engagement, Buford's superior numbers won out and the Confederate horsemen

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Stonewall Jackson, under relatively ambiguous orders from Lee to support Longstreet, launched an attack north of the turnpike at 6 p.m., probably as soon as his exhausted forces could be mustered. Historian John J. Hennessy called Jackson's delays "one of the battle's great puzzles" and "one of the

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and Col. Fletcher Webster, temporarily commanding Col. John Stiles' brigade. James Ricketts had been at the same battlefield a year earlier, at First Bull Run, where he had commanded a regular gun battery and had been captured at the fight for Henry Hill. Tower's brigade slammed Wilcox's Alabamians

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Lee and Longstreet agreed that the time was right for the long-awaited assault and that the objective would be Henry House Hill, which had been the key terrain in the First Battle of Bull Run, and which, if captured, would dominate the potential Union line of retreat. Longstreet's command of 25,000

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Porter's corps was actually not in position to pursue west on the turnpike, but was in the woods north of the turnpike near Groveton. It took about two hours to prepare the assault on Jackson's line, ten brigades numbering roughly 10,000 men, with 28 artillery pieces on Dogan Ridge to support them.

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Reynolds was ordered to conduct a spoiling attack south of the turnpike and encountered Longstreet's men, causing him to call off his demonstration. Pope dismissed Reynolds's concern as a case of mistaken identity, insisting that Reynolds had run into Porter's V Corps, preparing to attack Jackson's

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and before daybreak on August 27 marched to capture and destroy the massive Union supply depot at Manassas Junction. This surprise movement forced Pope into an abrupt retreat from his defensive line along the Rappahannock. During the night of August 27–28, Jackson marched his divisions north to the

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on July 21, 1861, and the Second Battle of Bull Run which was fought between August 28 and August 30, 1862 (also known as the First Battle of Manassas and the Second Battle of Manassas, respectively). The peaceful Virginia countryside bore witness to clashes between the armies of the North (Union)

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As Ricketts's division approached the Confederate lines, it became clear that the enemy was still there in force and was showing no sign of retreating. Pope, unnerved by these reports, contemplated waiting for McClellan to arrive with the II and VI Corps, but then worried that McClellan would take

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however stayed at Centreville despite their discovery that Pope was not there. Eventually, at 4 p.m., Griffin began moving his brigade towards the action, but by this point, Pope's army was in full retreat and a mass of wagons and stragglers were blocking the roadway. Additionally, the bridge over

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That evening, Pope wired Halleck with a report of the day's fighting, describing it as "severe" and estimating his losses at 7000–8000 men. He estimated Confederate losses at twice this many, an extremely incorrect estimation given that Jackson had been fighting a mostly defensive battle. Although

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in the rear as support troops. The two forward regiments were immediately met with volleys of Confederate musket fire, in the confusion, the 82nd Ohio found an undefended ravine in the middle of the railroad embankment known as "The Dump" and got in the rear of Isaac Trimble's Confederate brigade.

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The actions in Sigel's attack against A.P. Hill's division were typical of all the attacks near Stony Ridge that day. Although the unfinished railroad provided natural defensive positions in some places, in general the Confederates maintained all but a static defense, absorbing the Union blows and

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was ordered forward by Jackson and fired at the 19th Indiana from less than 100 yards (91 m). The engagement ended around 9 p.m., with Gibbon's men slowly retreating backwards still firing, making their line at the edge of the woods. Doubleday's regiments retired to the turnpike in an orderly

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Our men on the left loaded and fired with the energy of madmen, and the 6th worked with equal desperation. This stopped the rush of the enemy and they halted and fired upon us their deadly musketry. During a few awful moments, I could see by the lurid light of the powder flashes, the whole of both

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The Union men faced a formidable task. Butterfield's division had to cross 600 yards (550 m) of open pasture, land owned by widow Lucinda Dogan, the final 150 yards (140 m) of which were steeply uphill, to attack a strong position behind the unfinished railroad. Porter then ordered John

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At daybreak on the 29th, Pope had learned to his surprise and annoyance that Ricketts and King had both withdrawn south. In addition, John Gibbon arrived at Centreville and informed Pope that the retreat from Groveton was a mistake, ignoring the fact that he had recommended it in the first place.

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Pope issued orders to his subordinates to surround Jackson and attack him in the morning, but Jackson was not where Pope thought he was, nor were Pope's own troops where he assumed. He believed that McDowell and Sigel were blocking Jackson's retreat west across the Bull Run Mountains when in fact

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A splendid army almost demoralized, millions of public property given up or destroyed, thousands of lives of our best men sacrificed for no purpose. I dare not trust myself to speak of this commander as I feel and believe. Suffice to say ... that more insolence, superciliousness, ignorance, and

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engaged in a firefight with Poe's brigade for several minutes. Nobody on the Union side realized that they were getting in the rear of the Confederate line, and the sight of gray infantry in the distance was enough to discourage Poe from advancing any further, so he pulled back across the creek.

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Union: 13,830; Confederate: 8,350, according to National Park Service. Greene, p. 54, cites ~ 10,000 Union casualties (killed/wounded); ~ 1,300 Confederates killed and ~ 7,000 wounded. Most published figures for casualties are for the entire Northern Virginia Campaign, including the significant

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Stuart's cavalry encountered Porter, Hatch, and McDowell moving up the Manassas-Gainesville Road and a brief but sharp firefight halted the Union column. Then a courier arrived with a message for Porter and McDowell, a controversial document from Pope that has become known as the "Joint Order".

1946:) skirmished heavily with Gregg and Thomas, with both sides committing their forces piecemeal. Hand-to-hand combat ensued in the woods to the west of Sudley Road as Krzyzanowski's brigade clashed with Gregg's. As Milroy heard the sound of battle to his right, he ordered his brigade forward, the 1797:

stated, in part, "General McDowell has intercepted the retreat of the enemy and is now in his front ... Unless he can escape by by-paths leading to the north to-night, he must be captured." Gibbon conferred with King, Patrick, and Doubleday as to the next move, because McDowell was "lost in the

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Pope became convinced that he had trapped Jackson and concentrated the bulk of his army against him. On August 29, Pope launched a series of assaults against Jackson's position along an unfinished railroad grade. The attacks were repulsed with heavy casualties on both sides. At noon, Longstreet

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in great strength south of the turnpike. Fitz John Porter arrived later with similar intelligence. However, Heintzelman and McDowell conducted a personal reconnaissance that somehow failed to find Jackson's defensive line, and Pope finally made up his mind to attack the retreating Southerners.

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An exact estimate of both armies' strength at the battle is not possible as different reports and returns provide differing figures. The total strength of the Army of Northern Virginia, cavalry and artillery included, was slightly less than 55,000 men. Factoring in only infantry, the effective

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on August 28, Longstreet's wing broke through light Union resistance and marched through the gap to join Jackson. This seemingly inconsequential action virtually ensured Pope's defeat during the coming battles because it allowed the two wings of Lee's army to unite on the Manassas battlefield.

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The result was that Pope's complicated attack plans for August 29 ended up as a simple frontal assault by Sigel's corps, the only troops in position that morning. I Corps was widely considered one of the army's weakest links, being largely composed of recent German immigrants who spoke little

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During the first two hours of the Confederate assault, McDowell had constructed a new line of defense consisting of Reynolds' and Sykes' divisions. Longstreet's last fresh troops, Richard Anderson's division now took the offensive. The regulars of George Sykes's division along with Meade and

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McDowell ordered Ricketts' division to disengage from its attack on the Confederate left, which had also failed to achieve any breakthrough, and reinforce the Union left. McDowell rode out with Reynolds to supervise the construction of the new line of defense on Chinn Ridge, just as Porter's

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Confederate casualties were lower, their officer losses had been high; aside from the loss of two division commanders on August 28, three brigade commanders, Trimble, Field, and Col. Henry Forno, had been wounded. For comparison, only one Union brigade commander had been wounded so far, Col.

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The Confederates, however, attempted to strike the first blow. Elements of Hill's and Ewell's divisions came charging out of the woods and surprised some of Ricketts' men with a volley or two, but once again the Union artillery on Dogan Ridge was too much for them and after being blasted by

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promoted by Lincoln solely for his ability to recruit and motivate these German-speaking Unionists (many of whom had enlisted solely to fight under him). Having performed poorly in battles against Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley during the spring (and with scant respect or faith from their

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Jackson had not been able to achieve a decisive victory with his superior force (about 6,200 men against Gibbon's 2,100), due to darkness, his piecemeal deployment of forces, the loss of two of his division commanders, and the tenacity of the enemy. But he had achieved his strategic intent,

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Edgar O'Connor, advanced obliquely back through the woods the Federal column was passing through. When the 430 men emerged from the woods on John Brawner's farm they were quietly formed and advanced up the hill. Upon reaching the plateau, they deployed skirmishers who drove back Confederate

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to support Reynolds. This report caused Lee to revive his plan for an offensive in that sector. Longstreet once again argued against it, this time due to inadequate time before dusk. Longstreet suggested "that the day being far spent it might be well to advance before night on a forced

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to attack the center of Jackson's line again. This time Brig. Gen. Isaac R. Trimble's brigade was driven back from the railroad embankment, but Confederate counterattacks restored the line and pursued Nagle's troops back into the open fields until Union artillery halted their advance.

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Confederate strength was probably about 50,000 men, possibly as low as 47,000. Union strength was around 63,000 men if Banks's corps is excluded as it was not present at the battle aside from a few detachments. The total Union strength with Banks added in was approximately 70,000 men.

2545:(July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale. Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged (22.5%); the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000 (16%). 2805: 1987:'s brigade forded the creek. The arrival of Poe's brigade aroused panic at Jackson's headquarters, as the dreaded scenario of Union troops getting in the Confederate rear seemed to be turning to reality. Jackson ordered his wagons evacuated from the area and Maj. 2608:

on August 29. Porter was found guilty on January 10, 1863, of disobedience and misconduct, and he was dismissed from the Army on January 21. He spent most of the remainder of his life fighting against the verdict. In 1878, a special commission under General

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Pope, assuming that the attack on Jackson's right would proceed as he thought he had ordered, authorized four separate attacks against Jackson's front with the intent of diverging the Confederates' attention until Porter delivered the fatal blow. Brig. Gen.

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While all this was going on, Pope was at his headquarters behind Dogan Ridge, oblivious to the chaos unfurling to the south. Instead, he was focused on a message he had just received from Henry Halleck announcing that the II and VI Corps, plus Brig. Gen

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In a few moments our entire line was engaged in a fierce and sanguinary struggle with the enemy. As one line was repulsed another took its place and pressed forward as if determined by force of numbers and fury of assault to drive us from our positions.

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arrived on the field from Thoroughfare Gap and took position on Jackson's right flank. On August 30, Pope renewed his attacks, seemingly unaware that Longstreet was on the field. When massed Confederate artillery devastated a Union assault by Maj. Gen.

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As the Union Army concentrated on Centreville, Lee planned his next move. He sent Jackson on another flanking march in an attempt to interpose his army between Pope and Washington. Pope countered the move and the two forces clashed a final time at the

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south of the Warrenton Turnpike, overlapping half of his line, and he argued against making the attack at that time. Lee eventually relented when Jeb Stuart reported that the force on the Gainesville–Manassas Road (Porter and McDowell) was formidable.

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King and Ricketts had both retreated southward, while Sigel and Reynolds were south and east of Jackson, who had no intention at all of retreating and was well dug-in and awaiting Longstreet's arrival, which Pope refused to believe was a possibility.

708:. By now Jackson had learned that Pope's corps were all together, foiling his plan of defeating each in separate actions. He remained in position until August 12, then withdrew to Gordonsville. On August 13, Lee sent Longstreet to reinforce Jackson. 2453:

R.H. Anderson failed to avail himself of the most significant advantage three hours of fighting on Chinn Ridge and Henry Hill had forged. Because he did not, the Confederates' last opportunity to destroy Pope's army dwindled with the day's light.

514:. On August 28, 1862, Jackson attacked a Union column just east of Gainesville, at Brawner's Farm, resulting in a stalemate but successfully getting Pope's attention. On that same day, Longstreet broke through light Union resistance in the 2359:

South Carolinians. On Hood's right were Kemper's and Jones's divisions. Anderson's division was held in reserve. Just before the attack, Lee signaled to Jackson: "General Longstreet is advancing; look out for and protect his left flank."

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deceived the Union generals by dragging tree branches behind a regiment of horses to simulate great clouds of dust from large columns of marching soldiers. At this time, McDowell received a report from his cavalry commander, Brig. Gen.

2328:. The Stonewall Brigade rushed in to restore the line, taking heavy casualties, including its commander, Col. Baylor. In what was arguably the most famous incident of the battle, Confederates in Col. Bradley T. Johnson's and Col. 646:

Lee had larger plans in mind. Since the Union Army was split between McClellan and Pope and they were widely separated, Lee saw an opportunity to destroy Pope before returning his attention to McClellan. He committed Maj. Gen.

2376:(Sykes's division, Porter's V Corps). McLean held Chinn Ridge, Warren was near Groveton, about 800 yards (730 m) further west. Hood's men began the assault at 4 p.m., immediately overwhelming Warren's two regiments, the 2819: 2708:

Ruins of a CS railroad bridge at Blackburns Ford on Bull Run river south east of the Stone Bridge at Bull Run. Railroad was built by the Confederate army to run supplies to the army encamped some 5 miles from Manassas

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Realizing what was happening down on the left, Porter told Buchanan to instead move in that direction to stem the Confederate onslaught and then also sent a messenger to find the other regular brigade, commanded by Col.

1776:, who advanced through the woods and checked the new Confederate advance. These men arrived at the scene after dark and both Trimble and Lawton launched uncoordinated assaults against them. Horse artillery under Captain 1999:

Sigel for his part was satisfied with the progress of the battle so far, assuming he was merely supposed to perform a holding action until Pope arrived. By 1 p.m., his sector was reinforced by the division of Maj. Gen.

2308:, the ranking brigadier in the division. George Sykes' division of regular army troops was held in reserve. As noon approached and the sun climbed high up in the sky, temperatures on the battlefield topped 90 °F. 2595:

Pope was relieved of command on September 12, and his army was merged into the Army of the Potomac as it marched into Maryland under McClellan. He spent the remainder of the war in the Department of the Northwest in

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Seymour's brigades, plus Piatt's brigade, formed a line on Henry House Hill that held off this final Confederate attack long enough to give the rest of the army time to withdraw across Bull Run Creek to Centreville.

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After Trimble's brigade entered the action, Gibbon needed to fill a gap in his line between the 6th Wisconsin and the rest of the Iron Brigade regiments. Doubleday sent in the 56th Pennsylvania and the

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it would make more sense to attack the Confederate right with Heintzelman's troops, since they were closer to this area. Pope gave in, but decided to detach King's division to support Heintzelman.

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wrote, "In this fight there was no maneuvering and very little tactics. It was a question of endurance and both endured." Taliaferro was wounded, as was Ewell, whose left leg was shattered by a

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comrades-in-arms), I Corps' fighting morale was chronically low. Moreover, until Pope himself arrived, Sigel was the ranking officer on the field and would be in overall charge of the battle.

704:, gaining an early advantage, but a Confederate counterattack led by A.P. Hill drove Banks back across Cedar Creek. Jackson's advance was stopped, however, by the Union division of Brig. Gen. 697:

directed McClellan to begin his final withdrawal from the Peninsula and to return to Northern Virginia to support Pope. McClellan protested and did not begin his redeployment until August 14.

8548: 2142: 530:, Longstreet's wing of 25,000 men in five divisions counterattacked in the largest simultaneous mass assault of the war. The Union left flank was crushed and the army was driven back to 1983:, engaged part of Gregg and Branch's brigades, but were forced to retreat. Kearny however did not move forward. His three brigades instead marched to the banks of Bull Run Creek, where 2428:'s brigade, which had been heavily engaged and was tired. Koltes however was quickly struck by an artillery shell and killed. Overall command devolved onto Col. Richard Coulter of the 5045: 3001: 510:

Withdrawing a few miles to the northwest, Jackson took up strong concealed defensive positions on Stony Ridge and awaited the arrival of the wing of Lee's army commanded by Maj. Gen.

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The Second Battle of Bull Run began on August 28 as a Federal column, under Jackson's observation just outside Gainesville, near the farm of the John Brawner family, moved along the

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pretentiousness were never combined in one man. It can in truth be said of him that he had not a friend in his command from the smallest drummer boy to the highest general officer.

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veteran. Although Koltes and Krzyzanowski's six regiments held their ground for a little while, they were quickly overwhelmed by yet more fresh Confederates in the brigades of

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claimed that his slowness, reluctance to attack, and disobedience to Gen. Lee on August 29 were a harbinger of his controversial performance to come on July 2, 1863, at the

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The final significant action of the battle occurred around 7:00 PM as Lee directed J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry to go around the Union flank and cut off their retreat. Brig. Gen

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One of the historical controversies of the battle involves George B. McClellan's cooperation with John Pope. In late August, two full corps of the Army of the Potomac (

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exonerated Porter by finding that his reluctance to attack Longstreet probably saved Pope's Army of Virginia from an even greater defeat. Eight years later, President

639:, so he felt no compulsion to keep all of his forces in direct defense of Richmond. This allowed him to relocate Jackson to Gordonsville to block Pope and protect the 8797: 8543: 8104: 1546: 739:

On the evening of August 26, after passing around Pope's right flank via Thoroughfare Gap, Jackson's wing of the army struck the Orange & Alexandria Railroad at

2688: 898: 9217: 9197: 2408: 7545: 2013: 2674: 9227: 7000: 6995: 5038: 2558:(also known as Ox Hill) on September 1. Lee immediately began his next campaign on September 3, when the vanguard of the Army of Northern Virginia crossed the 4304: 2812:

Bull Run, Va. Dedication of the battle monument; Judge Abram B. Olin of the District of Columbia Supreme Court, who delivered the address, stands by the rail.

7005: 2637:, wrote: "The seeds of much of the disaster at Gettysburg were sown in that instant—when Lee yielded to Longstreet and Longstreet discovered that he would." 1554: 4334: 2658:

and its partners have acquired and preserved 373 acres (1.51 km) of the Second Battle of Bull Run battlefield in more than 10 transactions since 2000.

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up the hill to disperse the harassing cannons. Gibbon met the 2nd in the woods saying, "If we can get you up there quietly, we can capture those guns."

8660: 5614: 2441: 2763: 2749: 2101:'s brigade, which had thus far been held in reserve, counterattacked and drove back Kearny's division. During the fighting, one of Hill's brigadiers, 9192: 7460: 5031: 4814: 4684: 4609: 4455: 4378: 3564:"Fitz-John Porter, Scapegoat of Second Manassas: The Rise, Fall, and Rise of the General Accused of Disobedience." Donald R. Jermann 2008 pp. 117–118 2901: 2896: 1922:'s division on the right. Schurz's two brigades, moving north on the Manassas-Sudley Road, were the first to contact Jackson's men, at about 7 a.m. 5875: 5365: 4470: 2777: 1877:'s Georgia brigade in the front. In the center of the line, Jackson placed two brigades from Ewell's division (now under the command of Brig. Gen. 1028: 732:. Pope would be forced to retreat and could be defeated while moving and vulnerable. Jackson departed on August 25 and reached Salem (present-day 8471: 8243: 7650: 7625: 7427: 7335: 5885: 5619: 1675:, marching eastward to concentrate with the rest of Pope's army at Centreville. King was not with his division because he had suffered a serious 404: 356: 8968: 7477: 7120: 6509: 6388: 8790: 8172: 8097: 8004: 7362: 7115: 7110: 6536: 4558: 4246: 4182: 4036: 1612: 1377: 9104: 8908: 6368: 5438: 635:. Based on his experience fighting McClellan in the Seven Days, Robert E. Lee perceived that McClellan was no further threat to him on the 2825:

Battle map drafted by Sneden, Robert Knox, with notes on Union and Confederate strengths, casualties, done in pen and ink and water color

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On the Confederate right, Longstreet observed a movement of McDowell's force away from his front; the I Corps was moving divisions to

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lines. The two ... were within ... fifty yards of each other pouring musketry into each other as fast as men could load and shoot.

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and the South (Confederacy), and it was there that Confederate General Thomas J. Jackson acquired his nickname "Stonewall". The

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Return of Casualties in the Union forces, commanded by Maj. Gen. John Pope, during the operations August 16 – September 2, 1862

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Hennessy, pp. 287–99; Longstreet, pp. 183–84; Martin, pp. 189–90; Greene, pp. 35–37; Eicher, p. 329.; G.F.R. Henderson, p.440.

2275:'s small brigade, which had been detached from the defenses of Washington, D.C., and temporarily attached to the V Corps, and 1354: 925: 8222: 7502: 6494: 6489: 6353: 6253: 5504: 4476: 4205: 4168:

Appeal to the President of the United States for a re-examination of the proceedings of the general court martial in his case

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Only First Brigade from First Division. No other troops of the VI Corps were in action during the Northern Virginia Campaign.

817: 778: 766: 5003: 1748:. Jackson, personally directing the actions of his regiments instead of passing orders to the division commander, Maj. Gen. 8538: 7761: 7465: 7437: 6676: 6484: 6453: 6383: 6243: 5817: 3516: 2105:, was severely wounded and command of his brigade, which had also taken a beating over the course of the day, fell to Col. 399: 2300:

on high ground northeast of the Brawner Farm, ideally situated to bombard the open fields in front of Jackson's position.

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An Irishman in the Iron Brigade: The Civil War Memoirs of James P. Sullivan, Sergt., Company K, 6th Wisconsin Volunteers

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and get it into action. The Union defenders south of the turnpike consisted of only two brigades, commanded by Cols.

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A group of men stand near the Manassas Railroad Junction railroad tracks in 1862 with a train in the background

2604:. Pope sought scapegoats to spread the blame for his defeat. On November 25, Fitz John Porter was arrested and 2420:

in the flank and sent them reeling, but was then immediately confronted with the fresh Confederate division of

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English: Siegel, though a trained and experienced military officer, was German-born and widely considered a

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James Longstreet was criticized for his performance during the battle and the postbellum advocates of the

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While Porter was bringing his corps up, a further mix-up in orders resulted in the loss of two brigades.

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following up with vigorous counterattacks. (These were the same tactics that Jackson would employ at the

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was shot dead, and John Buford was also wounded. The Union army's retreat however had been safeguarded.

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appointed John Pope to command the newly formed Army of Virginia. Pope had achieved some success in the

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Hennessy, pp. 366–73; Greene, p. 45; Martin, pp. 223–26. Martin claims that this was the largest

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skirmishers. They soon received a heavy volley into their right flank by 800 men of the fabled

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The first two Union brigades to arrive were from Ricketts's division, commanded by Brig. Gen.

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Esposito, map 63; Eicher, p. 331; Martin, pp. 223–24; Greene, p. 45; Hennessy, pp. 362–65.

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Salmon, p. 148; Whitehorne, Stop 5; Hennessy, pp. 205–214; Eicher, p. 328; Greene, p. 27.

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Confederate Tide Rising: Robert E. Lee and the Making of Southern Strategy, 1861–1862

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A Full Blown Yankee of the Iron Brigade: Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers

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General James Longstreet: The Confederacy's Most Controversial Soldier: A Biography

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pulled back. The cavalry clash lasted only about ten minutes, but resulted in Col.

2369: 2280: 2113: 2102: 2029: 1915: 1911: 1878: 1874: 1761: 1749: 1688: 1604: 1596: 1585: 1573: 1465: 1450: 1415: 1340: 1248: 1191: 1175: 1136: 1105: 1089: 1020: 960: 888: 861: 834: 803: 523: 511: 507: 484: 275: 215: 60: 2725:" (logs used as ruses to imitate cannons) in former Confederate fortifications at 679: 8840: 8624: 8009: 7298: 7147: 7040: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6900: 6869: 6779: 6722: 6712: 6671: 5699: 5669: 5489: 5405: 5395: 5385: 5380: 5315: 5305: 5274: 5188: 3788: 3191:, for instance—but they involved multiple, piecemeal attacks over longer periods. 2858: 2437: 2276: 2167: 2021: 1668: 1581: 1519: 1512: 1494: 1218: 1140: 1066: 606: 3187:. There were Confederate offensives in the war that employed more men—57,000 at 2483: 2381: 1116:, eventually joined Pope for combat operations, raising his strength to 77,000: 1085: 724:

From August 22 to 25, the two armies fought a series of minor actions along the

716: 631:; and draw Confederate forces away from McClellan by moving in the direction of 9099: 9014: 7077: 7025: 6864: 6829: 6789: 6681: 6661: 6656: 6611: 5890: 5731: 5719: 4012: 3817:. The collection of maps (without explanatory text) is available online at the 2505: 2297: 2264: 2152: 2017: 1707: 1608: 1484: 1469: 1439: 1431: 1271: 1256: 1202: 1163: 1097: 1093: 1050: 998: 880: 627:

Pope's mission was to fulfill two basic objectives: protect Washington and the

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August 30, 5 p.m.: Final Confederate attacks, beginning of the Union retreat

1786: 1764:'s brigade to support Lawton, which met the last of Gibbon's regiments, the 51: 8288: 8258: 8253: 7814: 7791: 7781: 7776: 7313: 7255: 7167: 7142: 7055: 7035: 6834: 6732: 5345: 5254: 5244: 2958:

Battle of Bull Run. Some of these authors name the action on August 28 the

2882: 2392: 2284:

Cub Run was broken, making it impossible for him to move any further west.

1789:

and had to be amputated, removing him from action for the next ten months.

1684: 1480: 1198: 8873: 4124: 3976: 2562:, marching toward a fateful encounter with the Army of the Potomac in the 2335:

Trying to shore up Butterfield's faltering attack, Porter ordered Lt. Col

9153:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties 8822: 6586: 5624: 5604: 4254: 4190: 4110: 4044: 3380:

Herdegen, pp. 91–92; Hennessy, pp. 173–80; Greene, p. 21; Salmon, p. 147.

2445: 2053: 1984: 1919: 1870: 1664: 1577: 1506: 1144: 1074: 1005: 971: 826: 184: 3814: 3667:

Eicher, p. 331; Martin, pp. 246–48; Greene, p. 52; Hennessy, pp. 424–38.

3389:

Hennessy, pp. 180–88; Eicher, p. 326; Greene, pp. 22–23; Salmon, p. 147.

1640: 1411:

was organized into two "wings" or "commands" totaling about 55,000 men:

7969: 6844: 6606: 5807: 5802: 5335: 4335:

Eye witness accounts by Sergeant Luther Mesnard of Company D of OH 55th

2722: 2216: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1840: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1561: 535: 474: 5053: 2312:

shellfire, they withdrew back to the line of the unfinished railroad.

654: 7233: 5416: 5320: 3321: 2597: 2244:

The final element of Longstreet's command, the division of Maj. Gen.

2181: 648: 308:

26,000 (Army of the Potomac: III, V, VI, IX Corps; Kanawha Division);

2191: 1815: 7238: 3353:

Herdegen, p. 91; Greene, pp. 19–21; Eicher, p. 326; Salmon, p. 147.

1676: 4268: 4277: 2681:

Soldiers stand next to a completely destroyed Henry House in 1862

2291:

Soldiers stand next to a completely destroyed Henry House in 1862

491:(or First Manassas) fought on July 21, 1861, on the same ground. 4097:

From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America

234: 8036:

List of films and television shows about the American Civil War

4702:(May–Oct): Lynchburg, Early's B&O raid, Sheridan's campaign 2384: 1418:'s Right Wing or Command consisted of the following divisions: 963:

of approximately 51,000 men was divided into three army corps:

683:

Second Bull Run Campaign, August 17–30, 1862 (Additional map).

613:, and Lincoln sought a more aggressive general than McClellan. 264: 254: 3873:

Return to Bull Run: The Campaign and Battle of Second Manassas

1529:'s Left Wing or Command consisted of the following divisions: 549:

Success in this battle emboldened Lee to initiate the ensuing

244: 4369: 4154:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901. 3640:

Hennessy, pp. 393–406; Martin, pp. 231–37; Greene, pp. 47–49.

3515:

Greene, pp. 33–35; Hennessy, pp. 270–86; Martin, pp. 185–88;

5758: 4215:

Field medical services at the Battles of Manassas (Bull Run)

3600:

Martin, pp. 219–20; Hennessy, pp. 358–61; Greene, pp. 43–44.

3555:

Hennessy, pp. 311–12, 323–24; Martin, p. 209; Greene, p. 39.

3488:

Longstreet, p. 181; Greene, pp. 29–30; Hennessy, pp. 230–31.

2527:

Bridge crossed by the Union troops retreating to Centreville

2432:, the highest-ranking officer remaining on the field, and a 1938:

a few weeks later.) Schurz's two brigades (under Brig. Gen.

4308: 1914:'s division (McDowell's III Corps) on the left, Brig. Gen. 8544:

Prince William County Department of Parks & Recreation

4314: 3888:

The Men Stood Like Iron: How the Iron Brigade Won Its Name

3470:

Esposito, map 62; Greene, pp. 28–29; Hennessy, pp. 232–36.

3073:

and Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 2, page

1752:, sent in three Georgia regiments belonging to Brig. Gen. 3259:

Salmon, pp. 127–28; Eicher, pp. 322–23; Esposito, Map 58.

1805: 700:

On August 9, Nathaniel Banks's corps attacked Jackson at

487:, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the 9213:

Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War

4325:

The Battle of Gainesville on the 2nd Wisconsin's Website

3591:

Salmon, p. 150; Hennessy, pp. 339–57; Greene, pp. 41–43.

3573:

Greene, pp. 39–40; Eicher, p. 329; Hennessy, pp. 313–16.

3506:

Greene, p. 33; Martin, pp. 183–84; Hennessy, pp. 259–65.

3497:

Martin, pp. 181–82; Greene, p. 32; Hennessy, pp. 245–58.

2080:

flank. Jesse Reno ordered a IX Corps brigade under Col.

4116:

The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz, Volume Two, 1852–1863

4001:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1964. 3830:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998. 3211:

Eicher, p. 318; Martin, pp. 24, 32–33; Hennessy, p. 12.

3139:(1,724 killed, 8,372 wounded, 5,958 captured/missing); 3028:

Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 2, pages,

1635: 3918:

Second Manassas 1862: Robert E. Lee's Greatest Victory

3792:

The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War

3167:

Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 2, pages

3112:(Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 2, page 3000:

Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 3, pages

2770:

A group of men near Manassas Railroad Junction in 1862

2756:

A group of men near Manassas Railroad Junction in 1862

2032:'s division arrived last and was placed into reserve. 4107:. First published in 1896 by J. B. Lippincott and Co. 3775:

Lee Takes Command: From Seven Days to Second Bull Run

3069:

Official Records, Series I, Volume XII, Part 3, page

2039:

August 29, 12 noon: Longstreet arrives, Porter stalls

1918:'s independent brigade in the center, and Brig. Gen. 8269:

Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Regional Park

4119:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1913. 3143:(1,481 killed, 7,627 wounded, 89 captured/missing). 2834: 2092:

August 29, 5–7 p.m., Kearny's attack, Hood vs. Hatch

8554:

Prince William County Department of Fire and Rescue

2784:

Men sit near the Manassas Junction railroad in 1862

1756:'s brigade. Gibbon countered this advance with the 1468:(brigades of Brig Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox, Brig Gen. 1108:(detachment) and parts of three army corps of Gen. 689:

Northern Virginia Campaign § Initial movements

655:

Initial movements in the Northern Virginia Campaign

8877:Map of Virginia highlighting Prince William County 5054:Fairfax County, Virginia in the American Civil War 4307:, photos, history articles, and battlefield news ( 4089:. First published 1890 by E. R. Alderman and Sons. 3323:Stonewall Jackson the man, the soldier, the legend 2402:August 30, 4:30 p.m.: Union defense of Chinn Ridge 2182:August 30: Longstreet counterattack, Union retreat 4130:Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, 3984:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide 2902:List of costliest American Civil War land battles 2897:Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862 506:, threatening Pope's line of communications with 57:Second Battle of Bull Run, fought Augt. 30th 1862 9184: 7722:Confederate States presidential election of 1861 4330:Animated History of the Second Manassas Campaign 2798:Picking up debris of trains after Pope's retreat 9218:Confederate victories of the American Civil War 9198:Prince William County in the American Civil War 8244:Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts 4242:The Battle of Second Manassas: Self-Guided Tour 4196:Beaudot, William J. K., and Lance J. Herdegen. 4081:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999. 4032:The Battle of Second Manassas: Self-Guided Tour 3999:Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders 3950:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1961. 3890:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997. 3860:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1998. 3326:. Simon & Schuster Macmillan. p. 561. 3044:Martin, p. 280; Eicher, p. 318; Hennessy, p. 6. 2695:Virginia, Bull Run. Ruins of Stone Bridge, 1862 2346:August 30, 4 p.m.: Start of Longstreet's attack 2259:Stonewall Jackson's cannons on Henry House Hill 7546:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. 4071: 3933:The Second Bull Run Campaign: July–August 1862 3905:. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998. 3875:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1993. 3517:Gregg biographical sketch at A.P. Hill website 663:Northern Virginia Campaign, August 7–28, 1862 378: 9228:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia 8791: 8479: 8173:Fairfax County Economic Development Authority 8098: 5432: 5366:St. Mary's Church (Fairfax Station, Virginia) 5039: 4355: 4247:United States Army Center of Military History 4183:United States Army Center of Military History 4165:Porter, Fitz-John; Grant, Ulysses S. (1869). 4050:Woodworth, Steven E., and Kenneth J. Winkle. 4037:United States Army Center of Military History 3129:battles of Cedar Mountain and Chantilly. The 3124: 3122: 2934: 2932: 364: 4200:. New York: Fordham University Press, 1993. 3986:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001. 3301:Hennessy, pp. 561–67; Langellier, pp. 90–93. 3040: 3038: 4164: 4054:. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. 3971:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1881. 2640: 2573: 1483:(brigades of Brig Gen. John B. Hood, Col. 1285:Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle 8798: 8784: 8534:Prince William Board of County Supervisors 8486: 8472: 8105: 8091: 5439: 5425: 5046: 5032: 4362: 4348: 4315:Manassas National Battlefield Park website 4211: 3280:Hennessy, pp. 145, 200–201; Greene, p. 17. 3119: 3055:Second Bull Run Staff Ride – Briefing Book 2929: 2372:(Schenck's division, Sigel's I Corps) and 2004:(III Corps) and the brigade of Brig. Gen. 1266:Maj. Gen. Jesse L. Reno (brigades of Col. 371: 357: 8183:Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department 5376:William Gunnell House (Fairfax, Virginia) 5204:45th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment 5087:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1863) 5082:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861) 4371:Eastern theater of the American Civil War 4178:Second Bull Run Staff Ride: Briefing Book 3777:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1984. 3537:Hennessy, pp. 304–307; Greene, pp. 37–38. 3425:Greene, pp. 24–25; Hennessy, pp. 201–202. 3319: 3035: 2232:Learn how and when to remove this message 1885:'s division, now commanded by Brig. Gen. 1873:'s South Carolina brigade and Brig. Gen. 1856:Learn how and when to remove this message 1659:'s division: the brigades of Brig. Gens. 582:Eastern Theater of the American Civil War 9193:Fairfax County in the American Civil War 5635:Treatment of slaves in the United States 5209:16th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry 5199:3rd Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment 4275: 4066:National Park Service battle description 4018:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993. 3809:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959. 3794:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. 3712:Gallagher, pp. 140–57; Wert, pp. 166–72. 3461:Greene, pp. 27–28; Hennessy, pp. 226–28. 3080: 2620: 2541:The Second Battle of Manassas, like the 2522: 2495:'s cavalry brigade, accompanied by Col. 2482: 2470: 2397: 2341: 2314: 2286: 2254: 2145:View of the battlefield on August 29–30 2087: 2062: 2034: 1924: 1731:The 2nd Wisconsin, under the command of 1639: 715: 678: 658: 430: 8559:Prince William County Police Department 7378:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War 5550:South Carolina Declaration of Secession 4218:. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 3269:NPS Manassas Station Operations summary 2949: 2947: 2661: 2047:Meanwhile, Stuart's cavalry under Col. 623:Northern Virginia Campaign § Plans 14: 9185: 8564:Prince William County Sheriff's Office 8405: 8142:Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area 7363:Modern display of the Confederate flag 5446: 3828:Lee and His Generals in War and Memory 3095:Eicher, p. 327; Ballard-Arthur, p. 29. 3012: 3010: 2907:Bibliography of the American Civil War 2645:Part of the site of the battle is now 2448:and started to fall back in disorder. 1806:August 29: Jackson defends Stony Ridge 1618:The Cavalry Division, under Maj. Gen. 27:Major battle of the American Civil War 8779: 8467: 8223:Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce 8086: 7581: 6970: 6534: 5757: 5560:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers 5458: 5420: 5027: 4343: 2487:Union troops retreat after the battle 1910:'s division, supported by Brig. Gen. 1636:August 28: Brawner's Farm (Groveton) 767:Second Bull Run Union order of battle 561: 352: 8549:Prince William County Public Library 8539:Prince William County Public Schools 4133:Battles and Leaders of the Civil War 3948:The Iron Brigade, A Military History 3722:National Register of Historic Places 3631:Hennessy, pp. 373–93; Greene, p. 46. 3546:Hennessy, pp. 241–42; Greene, p. 38. 3443:Hennessy, p. 204; Greene, pp. 26–27. 3416:Greene, pp. 23–24; Hennessy, p. 194. 3053:75,000 according to Ballard-Arthur, 2993: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2944: 2214:adding citations to reliable sources 2185: 1838:adding citations to reliable sources 1809: 720:Battlefield of Manassas (right side) 711: 8760:Northern Virginia Community College 8605:National Museum of the Marine Corps 8453:Northern Virginia Community College 8284:Washington and Old Dominion Railway 8163:Fairfax County Board of Supervisors 7717:Committee on the Conduct of the War 7393:United Daughters of the Confederacy 4152:of the Union and Confederate Armies 3920:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2002. 3760:Bull Run Virginia Military Railroad 3407:Nolan, pp. 92–93; Hennessy, p. 194. 3007: 1644:Action at Brawner's Farm, August 28 502:captured the Union supply depot at 24: 8872: 8806:Municipalities and communities of 8620:Manassas National Battlefield Park 8589:Prince William Chamber of Commerce 7787:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864 7582: 7126:impeachment managers investigation 5505:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 5184:43rd Battalion of Virginia Cavalry 4158: 4137:, New York: The Century Co., 1887. 3622:infantry regiment loss of the war. 3238:Hennessy, p. 10; Esposito, Map 56. 2878:Manassas National Battlefield Park 2868:List of American Civil War battles 2647:Manassas National Battlefield Park 2319:August 30, 3 p.m., Porter's attack 2067:August 29, 3 p.m.: Grover's attack 1929:August 29, 10 a.m.: Sigel's attack 1019:Independent Brigades of Brig Gen. 755: 447:was fought August 28–30, 1862, in 25: 9244: 7212:Reconstruction military districts 5660:Abolitionism in the United States 5615:Plantations in the American South 5530:Origins of the American Civil War 4261: 4099:. New York: Da Capo Press, 1992. 3935:. New York: Da Capo Press, 1997. 3807:West Point Atlas of American Wars 3135:reported by Eicher (p. 334) are: 2984: 1243:, consisted of the divisions of: 1178:, consisted of the divisions of: 1127:, consisted of the divisions of: 651:to join Jackson with 12,000 men. 538:action prevented a replay of the 8572: 8495: 8239:Fairfax County Government Center 8201: 8188:Fairfax County Police Department 8114: 8066: 8057: 8056: 7195:Enforcement Act of February 1871 7168:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867 5110: 4940: 4904: 4301:Second Manassas Battlefield Page 4267: 4175:Ballard, Ted, and Billy Arthur. 3582:Hennessy, p. 318; Greene, p. 40. 3479:Greene, p. 29; Hennessy, p. 227. 2917:Bibliography of Ulysses S. Grant 2873:Armies in the American Civil War 2851: 2837: 2818: 2804: 2790: 2776: 2762: 2748: 2734: 2714: 2701: 2687: 2673: 2190: 2132: 1814: 1376: 1353: 1330: 1307: 924: 897: 870: 843: 816: 789: 730:Orange & Alexandria Railroad 590:After the collapse of Maj. Gen. 518:and approached the battlefield. 455:. It was the culmination of the 283: 263: 253: 243: 233: 221: 209: 189: 174: 154: 142: 50: 8809:Prince William County, Virginia 8502:Prince William County, Virginia 8193:Fairfax County Sheriff's Office 7980:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864 7842:When Johnny Comes Marching Home 7403:Wilmington insurrection of 1898 4419:Potomac blockade (Oct–Jan 1862) 4320:Second Bull Run Order of Battle 3903:The Civil War Battlefield Guide 3753: 3727: 3715: 3706: 3697: 3688: 3679: 3670: 3661: 3652: 3643: 3634: 3625: 3612: 3603: 3594: 3585: 3576: 3567: 3558: 3549: 3540: 3531: 3522: 3509: 3500: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3464: 3455: 3446: 3437: 3428: 3419: 3410: 3401: 3392: 3383: 3374: 3365: 3356: 3347: 3338: 3313: 3304: 3295: 3283: 3274: 3262: 3253: 3241: 3232: 3223: 3214: 3205: 3194: 3178: 3158: 3098: 3089: 2912:Bibliography of Abraham Lincoln 2606:court-martialed for his actions 2201:needs additional citations for 1825:needs additional citations for 1622:was attached to Jackson's wing. 1291: 974:consisted of the divisions of: 773: 449:Prince William County, Virginia 84:Prince William County, Virginia 7083:Southern Homestead Act of 1866 5341:Oak Hill (Annandale, Virginia) 5296:Clarens (Alexandria, Virginia) 4559:Garnett's & Golding's Farm 4212:Cunningham, Horace H. (1968). 3676:Greene, p. 54; Eicher, p. 327. 3060: 3047: 3019: 2973: 1511:Reporting Directly (Brig Gen. 1403:On the Confederate side, Gen. 1278: 693:On August 3, General-in-Chief 13: 1: 8615:Hylton Performing Arts Center 8178:Fairfax County Public Library 8168:Fairfax County Park Authority 8158:Fairfax County Public Schools 7498:Ladies' Memorial Associations 7200:Enforcement Act of April 1871 7096:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson 6971: 5301:Centreville Military Railroad 4410:Carolina coast blockade (Aug) 4395:Chesapeake blockade (May–Jun) 4052:Oxford Atlas of the Civil War 3843:The Second Battle of Manassas 3767: 3735:"Second Manassas Battlefield" 3320:Robertson, James Jr. (1997). 2590:(II Corps division commander) 2536: 1906:broad front, with Brig. Gen. 1760:. Jackson ordered Brig. Gen. 1652:. It consisted of units from 556: 546:was nonetheless precipitous. 500:Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson 8735:Dale City 4th of July Parade 8518:Washington Metropolitan Area 8317:Dulles International Airport 8137:Washington metropolitan area 7631:Confederate revolving cannon 7373:Sons of Confederate Veterans 7244:South Carolina riots of 1876 7222:Indian Council at Fort Smith 7173:South Carolina riots of 1876 7138:Knights of the White Camelia 5630:Slavery in the United States 4276:Guernsey, Alfred H. (1879). 3773:Editors of Time-Life Books. 3290:NPS Thoroughfare Gap summary 2617:reversed Porter's sentence. 2548: 2531: 435:Northeastern Virginia (1862) 7: 8279:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 7985:New York City riots of 1863 7810:Battle Hymn of the Republic 7561:United Confederate Veterans 7398:Children of the Confederacy 7388:United Confederate Veterans 7383:Southern Historical Society 6535: 6015:Price's Missouri Expedition 5485:Timeline leading to the War 5459: 4706:Operations against Plymouth 4072:Memoirs and primary sources 2830: 2155:, and no general officers. 37:(Battle of Second Manassas) 10: 9249: 9208:Northern Virginia campaign 8635:Prince William Forest Park 8610:Marine Corps Base Quantico 8218:Fairfax Symphony Orchestra 7953:Confederate Secret Service 7541:Grand Army of the Republic 7433:Grand Army of the Republic 7251:Southern Claims Commission 5102:Battle of Vienna, Virginia 5067:Battle of Blackburn's Ford 5004:Gettysburg-Newark Lowlands 3739:American Battlefield Trust 3248:NPS Cedar Mountain summary 3149:Northern Virginia Campaign 2666: 2656:American Battlefield Trust 2357:Nathan G. "Shanks" Evans's 2355:, supported by Brig. Gen. 1282: 764: 749:Battle of Thoroughfare Gap 686: 620: 571: 568:Northern Virginia Campaign 565: 542:defeat. Pope's retreat to 534:. Only an effective Union 516:Battle of Thoroughfare Gap 457:Northern Virginia Campaign 382:Northern Virginia Campaign 311:62,000 engaged (estimated) 305:51,000 (Army of Virginia); 9203:1862 in the United States 9158: 9148: 9003: 8904:Bull Run Mountain Estates 8884: 8870: 8839: 8820: 8747: 8727: 8719:Second Battle of Bull Run 8706: 8699: 8666:Manassas Regional Airport 8653: 8597: 8581: 8570: 8526: 8508: 8435: 8423:Second Battle of Bull Run 8398: 8356: 8348:Dulles Toll Road (VA 267) 8325: 8312:Manassas Regional Airport 8304: 8297: 8231: 8210: 8199: 8150: 8127: 8052: 8028: 7941:Confederate States dollar 7913: 7855: 7800: 7752:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863 7747:Emancipation Proclamation 7709: 7641:Medal of Honor recipients 7598: 7594: 7577: 7529:Confederate Memorial Hall 7511: 7490: 7448: 7420: 7411: 7331:Confederate Memorial Hall 7304:Confederate History Month 7284:Civil War Discovery Trail 7264: 7185:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867 7016: 6991:Reconstruction Amendments 6981: 6977: 6966: 6888: 6757: 6750: 6690: 6554: 6547: 6543: 6530: 6472: 6219: 6212: 6043: 5899: 5858: 5826: 5793: 5786: 5782: 5753: 5650: 5600:Emancipation Proclamation 5568: 5469: 5465: 5454: 5288: 5237: 5193:Jeff Davis Cavalry Legion 5161: 5140: 5119: 5108: 5097:Second Battle of Bull Run 5059: 4991: 4970: 4963: 4939: 4902: 4895: 4845: 4822: 4813: 4733: 4692: 4683: 4658: 4617: 4608: 4516: 4463: 4454: 4426: 4386: 4377: 4239:Whitehorne, Joseph W. A. 4029:Whitehorne, Joseph W. A. 3964:The Army in the Civil War 3901:Kennedy, Frances H., ed. 3229:Whitehorne, Overview, np. 2845:American Civil War portal 2026:David R. "Neighbor" Jones 1630: 1409:Army of Northern Virginia 1297:Army of Northern Virginia 641:Virginia Central Railroad 494:Following a wide-ranging 471:Army of Northern Virginia 445:Battle of Second Manassas 441:Second Battle of Bull Run 390: 318: 294: 289:Army of Northern Virginia 200: 166: 135: 66: 49: 41: 35:Second Battle of Bull Run 34: 18:Battle of Second Bull Run 8714:First Battle of Bull Run 8676:Virginia State Route 234 8418:First Battle of Bull Run 8374:Virginia Railway Express 8343:Virginia State Route 123 8121:Fairfax County, Virginia 8015:U.S. Sanitary Commission 7926:Battlefield preservation 7832:Marching Through Georgia 7757:Hampton Roads Conference 7732:Confiscation Act of 1862 7727:Confiscation Act of 1861 7503:U.S. national cemeteries 7309:Confederate Memorial Day 7294:Civil War Trails Program 7163:New Orleans riot of 1866 5361:Ravensworth (plantation) 5356:Ox Hill Battlefield Park 5351:Ossian Hall (plantation) 5229:Union Army Balloon Corps 5214:First New Jersey Brigade 5092:First Battle of Bull Run 4746:Spotsylvania Court House 4471:Burnside's NC Expedition 4297:Wife Of Fitz John Porter 4143:The War of the Rebellion 3724:. National Park Service. 2923: 2651:First Battle of Bull Run 2641:Battlefield preservation 2635:Douglas Southall Freeman 2574:Pope relieved of command 2426:Wlodzimierz Krzyzanowski 1944:Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski 1940:Alexander Schimmelfennig 1201:(brigades of Brig. Gen. 1014:Wlodzimierz Krzyzanowski 1010:Alexander Schimmelfennig 760: 616: 498:, Confederate Maj. Gen. 489:First Battle of Bull Run 400:1st Rappahannock Station 8755:George Mason University 8443:George Mason University 8338:Springfield Interchange 7936:Confederate war finance 7556:Southern Cross of Honor 7524:1938 Gettysburg reunion 7519:1913 Gettysburg reunion 7217:Reconstruction Treaties 7190:Enforcement Act of 1870 7073:Freedman's Savings Bank 5690:Lane Debates on Slavery 5515:Lincoln–Douglas debates 5224:XXII Corps (Union Army) 4285:The American Cyclopædia 2353:John Bell Hood's Texans 2099:Lawrence O'Bryan Branch 1599:(brigades of Brig Gen. 1564:(brigades of Brig Gen. 1547:Alexander G. Taliaferro 1474:Winfield S. Featherston 1426:(brigades of Brig Gen. 1135:(brigades of Brig Gen. 1084:(brigades of Brig Gen. 1061:(brigades of Brig Gen. 982:(brigades of Brig Gen. 8878: 8671:Prince William Parkway 8640:Leesylvania State Park 8333:Fairfax County Parkway 8249:Inova Fairfax Hospital 7995:Richmond riots of 1863 7921:Baltimore riot of 1861 7701:U.S. Military Railroad 7621:Confederate Home Guard 7353:Historiographic issues 7319:Historical reenactment 5818:Revenue Cutter Service 5685:William Lloyd Garrison 5594:Dred Scott v. Sandford 5174:17th Virginia Infantry 4883:Appomattox Court House 4414:McClellan's operations 2583: 2528: 2488: 2476: 2456: 2403: 2347: 2326:48th Virginia Infantry 2320: 2292: 2260: 2109:of the 40th Virginia. 2093: 2068: 2040: 1930: 1720: 1703: 1693:2nd Wisconsin Infantry 1645: 721: 684: 676: 436: 332:4,263 captured/missing 167:Commanders and leaders 59:, 1860s lithograph by 8876: 8630:Old Dominion Speedway 8448:University of Fairfax 7960:Great Revival of 1863 7837:Maryland, My Maryland 7626:Confederate railroads 7289:Civil War Roundtables 7158:Meridian riot of 1871 7153:Memphis riots of 1866 5710:George Luther Stearns 5695:Elijah Parish Lovejoy 5588:Crittenden Compromise 5169:8th Virginia Infantry 5077:Battle of Dranesville 4272:Texts on Wikisource: 4148:a Compilation of the 4140:U.S. War Department, 3805:Esposito, Vincent J. 3201:National Park Service 3185:National Park Service 3153:Casualties and losses 2980:National Park Service 2955:National Park Service 2939:National Park Service 2621:Longstreet criticized 2578: 2526: 2486: 2474: 2451: 2401: 2345: 2318: 2290: 2258: 2107:John M. Brockenbrough 2091: 2066: 2038: 1928: 1883:William B. Taliaferro 1881:), and on the right, 1783:William B. Taliaferro 1715: 1698: 1691:to bring the veteran 1643: 1535:William B. Taliaferro 1518:Reserve Artillery of 1283:Further information: 1125:Samuel P. Heintzelman 908:Samuel P. Heintzelman 765:Further information: 719: 687:Further information: 682: 662: 621:Further information: 572:Further information: 434: 319:Casualties and losses 105:38.81246°N 77.52131°W 9171:United States portal 8264:Tysons Corner Center 7847:Daar kom die Alibama 7762:National Union Party 7438:memorials to Lincoln 7358:Lost Cause mythology 7063:Eufaula riot of 1874 7051:Confederate refugees 6264:District of Columbia 5891:Union naval blockade 5737:Underground Railroad 5525:Nullification crisis 5326:Huntley (plantation) 5311:Fort Lyon (Virginia) 5179:1st Virginia Cavalry 5148:Burke's Station Raid 4625:Tidewater operations 4507:Goldsboro Expedition 3961:Ropes, John Codman. 3434:Hennessy, pp. 196–97 3165:Further information: 3105:Further information: 3067:Further information: 3026:Further information: 2998:Further information: 2662:Historic photographs 2633:. Lee's biographer, 2631:Battle of Gettysburg 2518:1st Michigan Cavalry 2512:being wounded. Col. 2510:2nd Virginia Cavalry 2501:5th Virginia Cavalry 2374:Gouverneur K. Warren 2210:improve this article 1993:1st Virginia Cavalry 1834:improve this article 1740:, commanded by Col. 1215:Gouverneur K. Warren 995:Adolph von Steinwehr 301:77,000 (estimated): 8413:Battle of Chantilly 8384:Fredericksburg Line 8005:Supreme Court cases 7772:Radical Republicans 7551:Old soldiers' homes 7535:Confederate Veteran 7461:artworks in Capitol 7180:Reconstruction acts 7041:Colfax riot of 1873 6005:Richmond-Petersburg 5610:Fugitive slave laws 5540:Popular sovereignty 5520:Missouri Compromise 5510:Kansas-Nebraska Act 5401:Bailey's Crossroads 5219:2nd Vermont Brigade 5072:Battle of Chantilly 3968:The Army under Pope 3886:Herdegen, Lance J. 3841:Greene, A. Wilson. 3132:campaign casualties 2600:, dealing with the 2588:Alpheus S. Williams 2556:Battle of Chantilly 2409:Conrad F. Jackson's 2370:Nathaniel C. McLean 2273:Abram Sanders Piatt 2246:Richard H. Anderson 2160:William B. Franklin 1754:Alexander R. Lawton 1601:Alexander R. Lawton 1555:Lindsey M. Shumaker 1499:Montgomery D. Corse 1424:Richard H. Anderson 1231:William B. Franklin 1114:Army of the Potomac 988:Nathaniel C. McLean 943:Army of the Potomac 916:Army of the Potomac 592:George B. McClellan 228:Army of the Potomac 110:38.81246; -77.52131 101: / 9233:August 1862 events 8879: 8765:Strayer University 7826:A Lincoln Portrait 7767:Politicians killed 7691:U.S. Balloon Corps 7686:Union corps badges 7466:memorials to Davis 7336:Disenfranchisement 7207:Reconstruction era 7088:Timber Culture Act 7046:Compromise of 1877 6010:Franklin–Nashville 5680:Frederick Douglass 5583:Cornerstone Speech 5500:Compromise of 1850 5448:American Civil War 5280:Edwin H. Stoughton 4801:Boydton Plank Road 4539:Seven Days Battles 4245:. Washington, DC: 4171:. Morristown, N.J. 4035:. Washington, DC: 3916:Langellier, John. 3871:Hennessy, John J. 3825:Gallagher, Gary W. 3819:West Point website 3741:. January 14, 2009 3685:Harsh, pp. 163–73. 3649:Hennessy, p. 421. 3398:Time-Life, p. 139. 2960:Battle of Groveton 2892:Seven Days Battles 2888:Peninsula Campaign 2602:Dakota War of 1862 2568:Battle of Antietam 2529: 2489: 2477: 2461:Return to Bull Run 2459:John J. Hennessy, 2404: 2366:Charles W. Roberts 2348: 2337:Robert C. Buchanan 2321: 2306:Daniel Butterfield 2293: 2261: 2094: 2069: 2041: 1936:Battle of Antietam 1931: 1679:earlier that day. 1673:Marsena R. Patrick 1650:Warrenton Turnpike 1646: 1566:Lawrence O. Branch 1543:Bradley T. Johnson 1537:(brigades of Col. 1497:(brigades of Col. 1459:George T. Anderson 1449:(brigades of Col. 1428:Lewis A. Armistead 1261:Addison Farnsworth 1253:Benjamin C. Christ 1251:(brigades of Col. 1207:Robert C. Buchanan 1188:Charles W. Roberts 1186:(brigades of Col. 1184:Daniel Butterfield 1154:(brigades of Col. 1123:, under Maj. Gen. 1071:Marsena R. Patrick 1041:Nathaniel P. Banks 1039:, under Maj. Gen. 1008:(brigades of Col. 970:, under Maj. Gen. 854:Nathaniel P. Banks 726:Rappahannock River 722: 685: 677: 637:Virginia Peninsula 600:Seven Days Battles 596:Peninsula Campaign 586:American Civil War 578:Seven Days Battles 574:Peninsula Campaign 562:Military situation 453:American Civil War 437: 161:Confederate States 74:August 30–31, 1862 44:American Civil War 9180: 9179: 8773: 8772: 8743: 8742: 8513:Northern Virginia 8461: 8460: 8431: 8430: 8394: 8393: 8364:Fairfax Connector 8132:Northern Virginia 8080: 8079: 8048: 8047: 8044: 8043: 7878:Italian Americans 7863:African Americans 7820:John Brown's Body 7573: 7572: 7569: 7568: 7486: 7485: 7324:Robert E. Lee Day 7068:Freedmen's Bureau 7031:Brooks–Baxter War 6962: 6961: 6958: 6957: 6954: 6953: 6746: 6745: 6526: 6525: 6522: 6521: 6518: 6517: 5935:Northern Virginia 5881:Trans-Mississippi 5854: 5853: 5749: 5748: 5745: 5744: 5641:Uncle Tom's Cabin 5578:African Americans 5414: 5413: 5127:Bog Wallow Ambush 5021: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5009:Shenandoah Valley 4999:Cumberland Valley 4959: 4958: 4951:Northern Virginia 4891: 4890: 4809: 4808: 4761:Trevilian Station 4679: 4678: 4604: 4603: 4489:Northern Virginia 4450: 4449: 4206:978-0-8232-1501-0 4093:Longstreet, James 3931:Martin, David G. 3856:Harsh, Joseph L. 3694:Hennessy, p. 471. 3658:Hennessy, p. 427. 3220:Esposito, Map 54. 3141:Confederate 9,197 2727:Manassas Junction 2615:Chester A. Arthur 2611:John M. Schofield 2564:Maryland Campaign 2514:Thornton Brodhead 2493:Beverly Robertson 2430:11th Pennsylvania 2330:Leroy A. Stafford 2242: 2241: 2234: 2174:) had arrived in 1981:8th West Virginia 1977:74th Pennsylvania 1960:4th West Virginia 1956:2nd West Virginia 1954:in front and the 1952:5th West Virginia 1908:Robert C. Schenck 1899:political general 1887:William E. Starke 1866: 1865: 1858: 1742:William S. Baylor 1738:Stonewall Brigade 1725:Stonewall Jackson 1590:R. Lindsay Walker 1570:William D. Pender 1551:William E. Starke 1539:William S. Baylor 1527:Stonewall Jackson 1489:Bushrod W. Frobel 1455:Thomas F. Drayton 1436:Ambrose R. Wright 1401: 1400: 1364:Stonewall Jackson 1082:James B. Ricketts 997:(brigade of Col. 980:Robert C. Schenck 953: 952: 712:Prelude to battle 706:James B. Ricketts 668: Confederate 629:Shenandoah Valley 551:Maryland Campaign 504:Manassas Junction 451:, as part of the 428: 427: 347: 346: 131: 130: 16:(Redirected from 9240: 9223:1862 in Virginia 9172: 9165: 8929:Independent Hill 8875: 8832: 8825: 8815: 8810: 8800: 8793: 8786: 8777: 8776: 8704: 8703: 8576: 8500: 8499: 8498: 8488: 8481: 8474: 8465: 8464: 8403: 8402: 8302: 8301: 8274:Great Falls Park 8205: 8119: 8118: 8117: 8107: 8100: 8093: 8084: 8083: 8070: 8060: 8059: 7883:Native Americans 7868:German Americans 7661:Partisan rangers 7656:Official Records 7596: 7595: 7579: 7578: 7471:memorials to Lee 7418: 7417: 6979: 6978: 6968: 6967: 6755: 6754: 6552: 6551: 6545: 6544: 6532: 6531: 6505:Washington, D.C. 6299:Indian Territory 6259:Dakota Territory 6217: 6216: 6134:Chancellorsville 5925:Jackson's Valley 5915:Blockade runners 5791: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5755: 5754: 5715:Thaddeus Stevens 5705:Lysander Spooner 5665:Susan B. Anthony 5467: 5466: 5456: 5455: 5441: 5434: 5427: 5418: 5417: 5265:John Quincy Marr 5250:Michael Corcoran 5114: 5048: 5041: 5034: 5025: 5024: 4968: 4967: 4944: 4909: 4908: 4900: 4899: 4820: 4819: 4700:Valley campaigns 4690: 4689: 4666:Chancellorsville 4631:Chancellorsville 4615: 4614: 4564:Savage's Station 4549:Beaver Dam Creek 4477:Jackson's Valley 4461: 4460: 4399:Western Virginia 4384: 4383: 4364: 4357: 4350: 4341: 4340: 4289: 4281: 4279:"Bull Run" 4271: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4181:. Carlisle, PA: 4172: 4150:Official Records 4135:, Volume 2 (Pdf) 4077:Dawes, Rufus R. 3997:Warner, Ezra J. 3982:Salmon, John S. 3789:Eicher, David J. 3762: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3731: 3725: 3719: 3713: 3710: 3704: 3701: 3695: 3692: 3686: 3683: 3677: 3674: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3656: 3650: 3647: 3641: 3638: 3632: 3629: 3623: 3616: 3610: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3589: 3583: 3580: 3574: 3571: 3565: 3562: 3556: 3553: 3547: 3544: 3538: 3535: 3529: 3526: 3520: 3513: 3507: 3504: 3498: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3480: 3477: 3471: 3468: 3462: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3435: 3432: 3426: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3408: 3405: 3399: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3372: 3369: 3363: 3360: 3354: 3351: 3345: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3317: 3311: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3293: 3287: 3281: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3260: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3236: 3230: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3212: 3209: 3203: 3198: 3192: 3182: 3176: 3162: 3156: 3145:See reference in 3126: 3117: 3102: 3096: 3093: 3087: 3084: 3078: 3064: 3058: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3033: 3023: 3017: 3014: 3005: 2995: 2982: 2977: 2971: 2951: 2942: 2936: 2861: 2856: 2855: 2854: 2847: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2822: 2808: 2794: 2780: 2766: 2752: 2738: 2718: 2705: 2691: 2677: 2591: 2463: 2442:Montgomery Corse 2417:Zealous B. Tower 2281:George W. Morell 2237: 2230: 2226: 2223: 2217: 2194: 2186: 2136: 2114:Henry House Hill 2103:Charles W. Field 2030:Cadmus M. Wilcox 1916:Robert H. Milroy 1912:John F. Reynolds 1879:Alexander Lawton 1875:Edward L. Thomas 1861: 1854: 1850: 1847: 1841: 1818: 1810: 1762:Isaac R. Trimble 1750:Richard S. Ewell 1727: 1711: 1689:Frank A. Haskell 1677:epileptic attack 1605:Isaac R. Trimble 1597:Richard S. Ewell 1586:Charles W. Field 1574:Edward L. Thomas 1472:, and Brig Gen. 1466:Cadmus M. Wilcox 1451:Henry L. Benning 1416:James Longstreet 1391:Cavalry Division 1380: 1357: 1341:James Longstreet 1334: 1311: 1289: 1288: 1249:Isaac I. Stevens 1239:under Maj. Gen. 1229:under Maj. Gen. 1192:Henry S. Lansing 1176:Fitz John Porter 1174:under Maj. Gen. 1137:John C. Robinson 1106:Kanawha Division 1090:Zealous B. Tower 1073:, and Brig Gen. 1021:Robert H. Milroy 961:Army of Virginia 928: 901: 889:Army of Virginia 874: 862:Army of Virginia 847: 835:Army of Virginia 820: 804:Army of Virginia 793: 771: 770: 673: 667: 524:Fitz John Porter 512:James Longstreet 508:Washington, D.C. 485:Army of Virginia 410:Thoroughfare Gap 405:Manassas Station 385: 383: 373: 366: 359: 350: 349: 287: 276:Kanawha Division 267: 257: 247: 237: 226: 225: 224: 216:Army of Virginia 214: 213: 212: 193: 179: 178: 177: 159: 158: 147: 146: 116: 115: 113: 112: 111: 106: 102: 99: 98: 97: 94: 68: 67: 61:Currier and Ives 54: 32: 31: 21: 9248: 9247: 9243: 9242: 9241: 9239: 9238: 9237: 9183: 9182: 9181: 9176: 9170: 9164:Virginia portal 9163: 9154: 9144: 9006: 8999: 8880: 8868: 8835: 8830: 8823: 8816: 8813: 8808: 8804: 8774: 8769: 8739: 8723: 8695: 8649: 8625:Jiffy Lube Live 8593: 8577: 8568: 8522: 8504: 8496: 8494: 8492: 8462: 8457: 8427: 8390: 8352: 8321: 8293: 8227: 8206: 8197: 8146: 8123: 8115: 8113: 8111: 8081: 8076: 8040: 8024: 7909: 7873:Irish Americans 7851: 7796: 7705: 7696:U.S. Home Guard 7636:Field artillery 7590: 7589: 7565: 7507: 7482: 7444: 7413: 7407: 7299:Civil War Trust 7266: 7260: 7148:Ethnic violence 7133:Kirk–Holden war 7012: 6973: 6950: 6884: 6742: 6686: 6539: 6514: 6468: 6221: 6208: 6039: 6020:Sherman's March 6000:Bermuda Hundred 5895: 5850: 5822: 5778: 5777: 5741: 5700:J. Sella Martin 5670:James G. Birney 5646: 5564: 5490:Bleeding Kansas 5478: 5461: 5450: 5445: 5415: 5410: 5406:Wolf Run Shoals 5371:Taylor's Tavern 5316:Fort Marcy Park 5306:Colvin Run Mill 5284: 5275:Laura Ratcliffe 5233: 5189:Georgia Hussars 5157: 5136: 5115: 5106: 5055: 5052: 5022: 5013: 4987: 4955: 4935: 4903: 4887: 4853:2nd Fort Fisher 4841: 4805: 4776:2nd Deep Bottom 4729: 4712:Bermuda Hundred 4675: 4654: 4600: 4569:White Oak Swamp 4512: 4446: 4422: 4373: 4368: 4264: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4161: 4159:Further reading 4074: 4013:Wert, Jeffry D. 3946:Nolan, Alan T. 3770: 3765: 3758: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3720: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3703:Warner, p. 379. 3702: 3698: 3693: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3626: 3617: 3613: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3595: 3590: 3586: 3581: 3577: 3572: 3568: 3563: 3559: 3554: 3550: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3532: 3527: 3523: 3514: 3510: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3492: 3487: 3483: 3478: 3474: 3469: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3451: 3447: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3379: 3375: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3343: 3339: 3318: 3314: 3309: 3305: 3300: 3296: 3288: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3267: 3263: 3258: 3254: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3233: 3228: 3224: 3219: 3215: 3210: 3206: 3199: 3195: 3183: 3179: 3163: 3159: 3127: 3120: 3103: 3099: 3094: 3090: 3086:Eicher, p. 327. 3085: 3081: 3065: 3061: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3036: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3008: 2996: 2985: 2978: 2974: 2952: 2945: 2937: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2859:Virginia portal 2857: 2852: 2850: 2843: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2826: 2823: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2786: 2785: 2781: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2730: 2729:Centreville, VA 2719: 2710: 2706: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2669: 2664: 2643: 2623: 2593: 2585: 2576: 2551: 2539: 2534: 2465: 2458: 2438:Lewis Armistead 2277:Charles Griffin 2238: 2227: 2221: 2218: 2207: 2195: 2184: 2168:Edwin V. Sumner 2148: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2022:James L. Kemper 1862: 1851: 1845: 1842: 1831: 1819: 1808: 1729: 1722: 1713: 1710:, 6th Wisconsin 1705: 1669:Abner Doubleday 1638: 1633: 1582:James J. Archer 1520:James B. Walton 1513:Nathan G. Evans 1495:James L. Kemper 1395: 1394: 1385: 1381: 1372: 1371: 1362: 1358: 1349: 1348: 1339: 1335: 1326: 1325: 1316: 1312: 1287: 1281: 1219:Stephen H. Weed 1211:William Chapman 1141:David B. Birney 1067:Abner Doubleday 947: 946: 933: 929: 920: 919: 906: 902: 893: 892: 879: 875: 866: 865: 852: 848: 839: 838: 825: 821: 812: 811: 798: 794: 769: 763: 758: 756:Opposing forces 741:Bristoe Station 714: 691: 675: 671: 669: 665: 657: 625: 619: 611:Western Theater 607:Abraham Lincoln 588: 570: 564: 559: 429: 424: 386: 381: 379: 377: 343: 341: 333: 331: 329: 222: 220: 210: 208: 175: 173: 153: 141: 109: 107: 103: 100: 95: 92: 90: 88: 87: 86: 55: 36: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9246: 9236: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9178: 9177: 9175: 9174: 9167: 9159: 9156: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9146: 9145: 9143: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9125:Sudley Springs 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9011: 9009: 9005:Unincorporated 9001: 9000: 8998: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8890: 8888: 8882: 8881: 8871: 8869: 8867: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8845: 8843: 8837: 8836: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8803: 8802: 8795: 8788: 8780: 8771: 8770: 8768: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8741: 8740: 8738: 8737: 8731: 8729: 8725: 8724: 8722: 8721: 8716: 8710: 8708: 8701: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8657: 8655: 8654:Transportation 8651: 8650: 8648: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8601: 8599: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8591: 8585: 8583: 8579: 8578: 8571: 8569: 8567: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8530: 8528: 8527:Administration 8524: 8523: 8521: 8520: 8515: 8509: 8506: 8505: 8491: 8490: 8483: 8476: 8468: 8459: 8458: 8456: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8439: 8437: 8433: 8432: 8429: 8428: 8426: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8409: 8407: 8400: 8396: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8389: 8388: 8387: 8386: 8381: 8371: 8366: 8360: 8358: 8354: 8353: 8351: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8329: 8327: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8319: 8314: 8308: 8306: 8299: 8298:Transportation 8295: 8294: 8292: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8235: 8233: 8229: 8228: 8226: 8225: 8220: 8214: 8212: 8208: 8207: 8200: 8198: 8196: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8154: 8152: 8151:Administration 8148: 8147: 8145: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8128: 8125: 8124: 8110: 8109: 8102: 8095: 8087: 8078: 8077: 8075: 8074: 8064: 8053: 8050: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8039: 8038: 8032: 8030: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8022: 8020:Women soldiers 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7975:Naming the war 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7956: 7955: 7945: 7944: 7943: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7917: 7915: 7911: 7910: 7908: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7859: 7857: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7806: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7713: 7711: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7611:Campaign Medal 7608: 7602: 7600: 7592: 7591: 7588: 7587: 7586:Related topics 7583: 7575: 7574: 7571: 7570: 7567: 7566: 7564: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7515: 7513: 7509: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7494: 7492: 7488: 7487: 7484: 7483: 7481: 7480: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7452: 7450: 7446: 7445: 7443: 7442: 7441: 7440: 7435: 7424: 7422: 7415: 7409: 7408: 7406: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7349: 7348: 7343: 7333: 7328: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7314:Decoration Day 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7270: 7268: 7267:Reconstruction 7262: 7261: 7259: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7247: 7246: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7177: 7176: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7129: 7128: 7123: 7121:second inquiry 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7093: 7092: 7091: 7085: 7078:Homestead Acts 7075: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7059: 7058: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7026:Alabama Claims 7022: 7020: 7018:Reconstruction 7014: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7009: 7008: 7006:15th Amendment 7003: 7001:14th Amendment 6998: 6996:13th Amendment 6987: 6985: 6975: 6974: 6964: 6963: 6960: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6892: 6890: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6761: 6759: 6752: 6748: 6747: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6694: 6692: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6627:J. E. Johnston 6624: 6622:A. S. Johnston 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6562:R. H. Anderson 6558: 6556: 6549: 6541: 6540: 6528: 6527: 6524: 6523: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6476: 6474: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6424:South Carolina 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6399:North Carolina 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6225: 6223: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6124:Fredericksburg 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6064:Wilson's Creek 6061: 6056: 6050: 6048: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5876:Lower Seaboard 5873: 5868: 5862: 5860: 5856: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5832: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5799: 5797: 5788: 5780: 5779: 5776: 5775: 5772: 5769: 5766: 5763: 5759: 5751: 5750: 5747: 5746: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5739: 5734: 5732:Harriet Tubman 5729: 5728: 5727: 5720:Charles Sumner 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5656: 5654: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5644: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5574: 5572: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5562: 5557: 5555:States' rights 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5476: 5470: 5463: 5462: 5452: 5451: 5444: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5421: 5412: 5411: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5285: 5283: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5241: 5239: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5165: 5163: 5159: 5158: 5156: 5155: 5150: 5144: 5142: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5123: 5121: 5117: 5116: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5051: 5050: 5043: 5036: 5028: 5019: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4974: 4972: 4965: 4961: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4954: 4953: 4947: 4945: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4910: 4897: 4893: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4878:Sailor's Creek 4875: 4873:3rd Petersburg 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4839: 4833: 4826: 4824: 4817: 4811: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4791:Chaffin's Farm 4788: 4786:3rd Winchester 4783: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4766:2nd Petersburg 4763: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4743: 4737: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4727: 4726:(Jun–Mar 1865) 4721: 4715: 4709: 4703: 4696: 4694: 4687: 4681: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4668: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4621: 4619: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4602: 4601: 4599: 4598: 4596:Fredericksburg 4593: 4588: 4583: 4582: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4510: 4504: 4501:Fredericksburg 4498: 4492: 4486: 4480: 4474: 4467: 4465: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4439: 4433: 4431: 4424: 4423: 4421: 4420: 4417: 4411: 4408: 4402: 4396: 4392: 4390: 4381: 4375: 4374: 4367: 4366: 4359: 4352: 4344: 4338: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4298: 4295:Harriet Porter 4292: 4291: 4290: 4263: 4262:External links 4260: 4259: 4258: 4237: 4224: 4209: 4194: 4173: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4138: 4128: 4108: 4090: 4073: 4070: 4069: 4068: 4063: 4048: 4027: 4010: 3995: 3980: 3959: 3944: 3929: 3914: 3899: 3884: 3869: 3854: 3839: 3822: 3803: 3786: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3763: 3752: 3726: 3714: 3705: 3696: 3687: 3678: 3669: 3660: 3651: 3642: 3633: 3624: 3611: 3602: 3593: 3584: 3575: 3566: 3557: 3548: 3539: 3530: 3521: 3508: 3499: 3490: 3481: 3472: 3463: 3454: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3418: 3409: 3400: 3391: 3382: 3373: 3371:Ropes, p. 134. 3364: 3355: 3346: 3337: 3312: 3310:Greene, p. 19. 3303: 3294: 3282: 3273: 3261: 3252: 3240: 3231: 3222: 3213: 3204: 3193: 3177: 3157: 3118: 3097: 3088: 3079: 3059: 3046: 3034: 3018: 3006: 2983: 2972: 2964:Brawner's Farm 2943: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2864: 2863: 2862: 2848: 2832: 2829: 2828: 2827: 2824: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2810: 2803: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2782: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2740: 2733: 2731: 2720: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2700: 2698: 2694: 2693: 2686: 2684: 2680: 2679: 2672: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2642: 2639: 2622: 2619: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2550: 2547: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2506:Thomas Munford 2450: 2422:David R. Jones 2298:Stephen D. Lee 2265:council of war 2240: 2239: 2198: 2196: 2189: 2183: 2180: 2153:Daniel Leasure 2141: 2140: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2018:John Bell Hood 1864: 1863: 1822: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1804: 1714: 1708:Rufus R. Dawes 1697: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1624: 1623: 1616: 1609:Jubal A. Early 1593: 1558: 1523: 1522: 1516: 1509: 1491: 1485:Evander M. Law 1477: 1470:Roger A. Pryor 1462: 1447:David R. Jones 1443: 1440:Stephen D. Lee 1432:William Mahone 1399: 1398: 1397: 1396: 1383: 1382: 1375: 1373: 1360: 1359: 1352: 1350: 1337: 1336: 1329: 1327: 1314: 1313: 1306: 1301: 1300: 1293:Key commanders 1280: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1272:Edward Ferrero 1264: 1257:Daniel Leasure 1223: 1222: 1203:Abram S. Piatt 1195: 1168: 1167: 1164:Joseph B. Carr 1148: 1102: 1101: 1098:Joseph Thoburn 1094:John W. Stiles 1078: 1051:Irvin McDowell 1033: 1032: 1029:Louis Schirmer 1025:John Beardsley 1017: 1002: 999:John A. Koltes 991: 951: 950: 949: 948: 931: 930: 923: 921: 904: 903: 896: 894: 881:Irvin McDowell 877: 876: 869: 867: 850: 849: 842: 840: 823: 822: 815: 813: 796: 795: 788: 783: 782: 775:Key commanders 762: 759: 757: 754: 736:) that night. 713: 710: 702:Cedar Mountain 670: 664: 656: 653: 618: 615: 602:of June 1862, 566:Main article: 563: 560: 558: 555: 540:First Manassas 496:flanking march 426: 425: 423: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 395:Cedar Mountain 391: 388: 387: 376: 375: 368: 361: 353: 345: 344: 339: 334: 327: 321: 320: 316: 315: 312: 310: 309: 306: 297: 296: 292: 291: 281: 280: 279: 273: 272: 271: 261: 251: 241: 218: 203: 202: 201:Units involved 198: 197: 187: 169: 168: 164: 163: 151: 138: 137: 133: 132: 129: 128: 122: 118: 117: 82: 80: 76: 75: 72: 64: 63: 47: 46: 39: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9245: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9190: 9188: 9173: 9168: 9166: 9161: 9160: 9157: 9151: 9147: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9085:Hickory Ridge 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9012: 9010: 9008: 9002: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8975: 8974:Quantico Base 8972: 8970: 8969:Potomac Mills 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8914:County Center 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8891: 8889: 8887: 8883: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8846: 8844: 8842: 8838: 8834: 8833: 8826: 8819: 8814:United States 8811: 8801: 8796: 8794: 8789: 8787: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8746: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8730: 8726: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8711: 8709: 8705: 8702: 8698: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8686:Interstate 95 8684: 8682: 8681:Interstate 66 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8658: 8656: 8652: 8646: 8645:Potomac Mills 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8596: 8590: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8582:Organizations 8580: 8575: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8531: 8529: 8525: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8510: 8507: 8503: 8489: 8484: 8482: 8477: 8475: 8470: 8469: 8466: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8434: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8404: 8401: 8397: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8379:Manassas Line 8377: 8376: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8361: 8359: 8355: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8330: 8328: 8324: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8303: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8236: 8234: 8230: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8215: 8213: 8211:Organizations 8209: 8204: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8155: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8126: 8122: 8108: 8103: 8101: 8096: 8094: 8089: 8088: 8085: 8073: 8069: 8065: 8063: 8055: 8054: 8051: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8027: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7990:Photographers 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7965:Gender issues 7963: 7961: 7958: 7954: 7951: 7950: 7949: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7938: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7918: 7916: 7912: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7885: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7854: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7827: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7793: 7792:War Democrats 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7782:Union Leagues 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7712: 7708: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7681:Turning point 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7651:Naval battles 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7585: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7536: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7489: 7479: 7476: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7447: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7430: 7429: 7426: 7425: 7423: 7419: 7416: 7414:and memorials 7410: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7275: 7274:Commemoration 7272: 7271: 7269: 7263: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7219: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7181: 7178: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7116:first inquiry 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7098: 7097: 7094: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7057: 7054: 7053: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7036:Carpetbaggers 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7019: 7015: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6989: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6980: 6976: 6969: 6965: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6887: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6749: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6557: 6553: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6533: 6529: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6471: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6459:West Virginia 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6379:New Hampshire 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6339:Massachusetts 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6218: 6215: 6211: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6079:Hampton Roads 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6069:Fort Donelson 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5965:Morgan's Raid 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5910:Anaconda Plan 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5898: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5886:Pacific Coast 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5825: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5773: 5770: 5767: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5649: 5643: 5642: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5620:Positive good 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5535:Panic of 1857 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5495:Border states 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5442: 5437: 5435: 5430: 5428: 5423: 5422: 5419: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5391:Munson's Hill 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5331:Fort O'Rourke 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5270:John S. Mosby 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5260:Thaddeus Lowe 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5236: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5194: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5166: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5153:Mosby's Raids 5151: 5149: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5139: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5118: 5113: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5058: 5049: 5044: 5042: 5037: 5035: 5030: 5029: 5026: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4938: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4894: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4846:Major battles 4844: 4837: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4734:Major battles 4732: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4682: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659:Major battles 4657: 4650: 4647: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4524:Hampton Roads 4522: 4521: 4519: 4517:Major battles 4515: 4508: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4481: 4478: 4475: 4472: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4425: 4418: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4403: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4360: 4358: 4353: 4351: 4346: 4345: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4227: 4225:9780820333557 4221: 4217: 4216: 4210: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4179: 4174: 4170: 4169: 4163: 4162: 4153: 4151: 4145: 4144: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4129: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4105:0-306-80464-6 4102: 4098: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4087:0-8032-6618-9 4084: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4060:0-19-522131-1 4057: 4053: 4049: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4033: 4028: 4025: 4024:0-671-70921-6 4021: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4008: 4007:0-8071-0822-7 4004: 4000: 3996: 3993: 3992:0-8117-2868-4 3989: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3960: 3957: 3956:0-253-34102-7 3953: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3941:0-306-81332-7 3938: 3934: 3930: 3927: 3926:1-84176-230-X 3923: 3919: 3915: 3912: 3911:0-395-74012-6 3908: 3904: 3900: 3897: 3896:0-253-33221-4 3893: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3881:0-8061-3187-X 3878: 3874: 3870: 3867: 3866:0-87338-580-2 3863: 3859: 3855: 3852: 3851:0-915992-85-X 3848: 3844: 3840: 3837: 3836:0-8071-2958-5 3833: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3801: 3800:0-684-84944-5 3797: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3783:0-8094-4804-1 3780: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3761: 3756: 3740: 3736: 3730: 3723: 3718: 3709: 3700: 3691: 3682: 3673: 3664: 3655: 3646: 3637: 3628: 3621: 3615: 3606: 3597: 3588: 3579: 3570: 3561: 3552: 3543: 3534: 3525: 3518: 3512: 3503: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3467: 3458: 3449: 3440: 3431: 3422: 3413: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3368: 3362:Dawes, p. 62. 3359: 3350: 3344:Dawes, p. 60. 3341: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3324: 3316: 3307: 3298: 3291: 3286: 3277: 3270: 3265: 3256: 3249: 3244: 3235: 3226: 3217: 3208: 3202: 3197: 3190: 3186: 3181: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3161: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3125: 3123: 3115: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3101: 3092: 3083: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3063: 3056: 3050: 3041: 3039: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3013: 3011: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2981: 2976: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2950: 2948: 2940: 2935: 2933: 2928: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2865: 2860: 2849: 2846: 2835: 2821: 2816: 2807: 2802: 2793: 2788: 2779: 2774: 2765: 2760: 2751: 2746: 2737: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2717: 2712: 2704: 2699: 2690: 2685: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2659: 2657: 2652: 2648: 2638: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2618: 2616: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2592: 2589: 2582: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2560:Potomac River 2557: 2546: 2544: 2525: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2502: 2498: 2497:Thomas Rosser 2494: 2485: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2464: 2462: 2455: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2410: 2400: 2396: 2394: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2361: 2358: 2354: 2344: 2340: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2307: 2301: 2299: 2289: 2285: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2266: 2263:At an 8 a.m. 2257: 2253: 2249: 2247: 2236: 2233: 2225: 2215: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2199:This section 2197: 2193: 2188: 2187: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2156: 2154: 2143: 2135: 2126: 2122: 2120: 2119:John P. Hatch 2115: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2090: 2086: 2083: 2077: 2075: 2074:Cuvier Grover 2065: 2061: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2049:Thomas Rosser 2045: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2028:. Brig. Gen. 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2006:Isaac Stevens 2003: 2002:Joseph Hooker 1997: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1966: 1965:Julius Stahel 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1903: 1900: 1894: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1860: 1857: 1849: 1839: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1823:This section 1821: 1817: 1812: 1811: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1795:Philip Kearny 1790: 1788: 1784: 1779: 1775: 1774:76th New York 1769: 1767: 1766:6th Wisconsin 1763: 1759: 1758:7th Wisconsin 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1734: 1728: 1726: 1719: 1712: 1709: 1702: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1661:John P. Hatch 1658: 1655: 1651: 1642: 1628: 1621: 1620:J.E.B. Stuart 1617: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1588:and Lt. Col. 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1503:Micah Jenkins 1500: 1496: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1419: 1417: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1405:Robert E. Lee 1392: 1388: 1387:J.E.B. Stuart 1379: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1342: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1319: 1318:Robert E. Lee 1310: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1241:Jesse L. Reno 1238: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1179: 1177: 1173: 1165: 1161: 1160:Nelson Taylor 1157: 1156:Cuvier Grover 1153: 1152:Joseph Hooker 1149: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1133:Philip Kearny 1130: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1063:John P. Hatch 1060: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 1000: 996: 992: 989: 985: 984:Julius Stahel 981: 977: 976: 975: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 944: 940: 936: 935:Jesse L. Reno 927: 922: 917: 913: 909: 900: 895: 890: 886: 882: 873: 868: 863: 859: 855: 846: 841: 836: 832: 828: 819: 814: 809: 805: 801: 792: 787: 786: 785: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 753: 750: 745: 742: 737: 735: 731: 727: 718: 709: 707: 703: 698: 696: 695:Henry Halleck 690: 681: 661: 652: 650: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 624: 614: 612: 608: 605: 601: 597: 593: 587: 583: 579: 575: 569: 554: 552: 547: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 519: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 492: 490: 486: 482: 479: 476: 472: 468: 467:Robert E. Lee 465: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 433: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 396: 393: 392: 389: 384: 374: 369: 367: 362: 360: 355: 354: 351: 342:6,202 wounded 338: 335: 330:8,452 wounded 326: 323: 322: 317: 313: 307: 304: 303: 302: 299: 298: 293: 290: 286: 282: 277: 274: 270: 266: 262: 260: 256: 252: 250: 246: 242: 240: 236: 232: 231: 229: 219: 217: 207: 206: 205: 204: 199: 196: 195:Robert E. Lee 192: 188: 186: 183: 182: 171: 170: 165: 162: 157: 152: 150: 149:United States 145: 140: 139: 134: 126: 123: 120: 119: 114: 85: 81: 78: 77: 73: 70: 69: 65: 62: 58: 53: 48: 45: 40: 33: 30: 19: 9130:Thoroughfare 9070:Featherstone 8828: 8718: 8691:U.S. Route 1 8422: 8289:Fort Belvoir 8259:Gunston Hall 8254:Mount Vernon 7931:Bibliography 7914:Other topics 7856:By ethnicity 7824: 7777:Trent Affair 7676:Signal Corps 7533: 7256:White League 7143:Ku Klux Klan 7056:Confederados 6983:Constitution 6855:D. D. Porter 6708:Breckinridge 6419:Rhode Island 6414:Pennsylvania 6169:Spotsylvania 6129:Stones River 6109:2nd Bull Run 6108: 6059:1st Bull Run 5945:Stones River 5846:Marine Corps 5813:Marine Corps 5652:Abolitionism 5639: 5592: 5396:Upton's Hill 5386:Minor's Hill 5381:Mason's Hill 5346:Okeley Manor 5255:Antonia Ford 5245:Clara Barton 5195:, Company F) 5096: 4863:Fort Stedman 4781:Globe Tavern 4586:2nd Bull Run 4585: 4579:Malvern Hill 4554:Gaines' Mill 4529:Williamsburg 4442:1st Bull Run 4283: 4241: 4231:February 20, 4229:. Retrieved 4214: 4197: 4177: 4167: 4147: 4142: 4132: 4115: 4111:Schurz, Carl 4096: 4078: 4051: 4031: 4015: 3998: 3983: 3967: 3963: 3947: 3932: 3917: 3902: 3887: 3872: 3857: 3842: 3827: 3806: 3791: 3774: 3755: 3743:. 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Hood 1453:, Brig Gen. 1434:, Brig Gen. 1430:, Brig Gen. 1413: 1402: 1390: 1367: 1344: 1321: 1292: 1234: 1224: 1199:George Sykes 1169: 1139:, Brig Gen. 1118: 1103: 1088:, Brig Gen. 1086:Abram Duryée 1069:, Brig Gen. 1065:, Brig Gen. 1049:, Maj. Gen. 1044: 1034: 965: 954: 938: 911: 884: 857: 830: 807: 779:Union Forces 774: 746: 738: 723: 699: 692: 645: 633:Gordonsville 626: 589: 548: 520: 493: 444: 440: 438: 415:2nd Bull Run 414: 340:1,096 killed 336: 328:1,747 killed 324: 300: 278:(detachment) 172: 136:Belligerents 56: 42:Part of the 29: 9120:Southbridge 9110:Minnieville 9105:Locust Hill 9040:Brentsville 9007:communities 8954:Loch Lomond 8949:Linton Hall 8944:Leesylvania 8924:Gainesville 8909:Cherry Hill 8824:County seat 8369:Silver Line 7737:Copperheads 7449:Confederate 7341:Black Codes 6667:E. K. Smith 6548:Confederate 6495:New Orleans 6490:Chattanooga 6354:Mississippi 6254:Connecticut 6222:territories 6213:Involvement 6174:Cold Harbor 6164:Fort Pillow 6154:Chattanooga 6149:Chickamauga 6099:Seven Pines 6089:New Orleans 6054:Fort Sumter 5995:Valley 1864 5828:Confederacy 5625:Slave Power 5605:Fire-Eaters 5132:Lewinsville 4983:Susquehanna 4978:Monongahela 4971:Departments 4858:Bentonville 4796:Cedar Creek 4756:Cold Harbor 4637:Gettysburg 4534:Seven Pines 4437:Fort Sumter 4305:Battle maps 3745:January 16, 2968:Gainesville 2723:Quaker guns 2586:Brig. Gen. 2446:Eppa Hunton 2434:Mexican War 2222:August 2021 2082:James Nagle 2054:John Buford 1989:John Pelham 1985:Orlando Poe 1920:Carl Schurz 1871:Maxcy Gregg 1846:August 2021 1778:John Pelham 1665:John Gibbon 1613:Henry Forno 1578:Maxcy Gregg 1507:Eppa Hunton 1457:, and Col. 1438:, and Col. 1279:Confederate 1268:James Nagle 1217:, and Cpt. 1209:, Lt. Col. 1205:, Lt. Col. 1162:, and Col. 1145:Orlando Poe 1096:, and Col. 1075:John Gibbon 1027:, and Cpt. 1006:Carl Schurz 972:Franz Sigel 827:Franz Sigel 674: Union 544:Centreville 461:Confederate 185:Franz Sigel 125:Confederate 108: / 9187:Categories 9135:Wellington 9020:Agnewville 8990:Woodbridge 8964:Nokesville 8939:Lake Ridge 8934:Innovation 7970:Juneteenth 7491:Cemeteries 7368:Red Shirts 7279:Centennial 7229:Red Shirts 6637:Longstreet 6567:Beauregard 6510:Winchester 6485:Charleston 6454:Washington 6389:New Mexico 6384:New Jersey 6244:California 6220:States and 6204:Five Forks 6189:Mobile Bay 6159:Wilderness 6139:Gettysburg 6119:Perryville 6104:Seven Days 6035:Appomattox 5960:Gettysburg 5920:New Mexico 5787:Combatants 5762:Combatants 5675:John Brown 5336:Merrybrook 5120:Skirmishes 4931:Shenandoah 4868:Five Forks 4836:Appomattox 4830:Wilmington 4751:North Anna 4741:Wilderness 4724:Petersburg 4671:Gettysburg 3966:. Vol. 4, 3768:References 2627:Lost Cause 2537:Casualties 2176:Alexandria 1787:Minié ball 1723:Maj. Gen. 1657:Rufus King 1654:Brig. Gen. 1595:Maj. Gen. 1562:A. P. Hill 1560:Maj. Gen. 1533:Brig Gen. 1525:Maj. Gen. 1493:Brig Gen. 1479:Brig Gen. 1464:Brig Gen. 1445:Brig Gen. 1422:Maj. Gen. 1414:Maj. Gen. 1345:Right Wing 1322:Commanding 1247:Brig Gen. 1197:Brig Gen. 1182:Brig Gen. 1150:Maj. Gen. 1131:Maj. Gen. 1080:Brig Gen. 1059:Rufus King 1057:Brig Gen. 1004:Brig Gen. 993:Brig Gen. 978:Brig Gen. 808:Commanding 557:Background 536:rear guard 96:77°31′17″W 93:38°48′45″N 9149:Footnotes 9140:West Gate 9075:Greenwich 9060:Catharpin 9030:Batestown 8995:Yorkshire 8959:Montclair 8919:Dale City 8854:Haymarket 8748:Education 8598:Landmarks 8436:Education 8232:Landmarks 7948:Espionage 7742:Diplomacy 7710:Political 7666:POW camps 7412:Monuments 7239:Scalawags 7234:Redeemers 6972:Aftermath 6921:Pinkerton 6860:Rosecrans 6825:McClellan 6728:Memminger 6464:Wisconsin 6429:Tennessee 6349:Minnesota 6324:Louisiana 6199:Nashville 6144:Vicksburg 6074:Pea Ridge 6025:Carolinas 5980:Red River 5975:Knoxville 5955:Tullahoma 5950:Vicksburg 5930:Peninsula 5902:campaigns 5768:Campaigns 5545:Secession 5321:Hope Park 4992:Landforms 4964:Geography 4838:(Mar–Apr) 4832:(Dec–Feb) 4823:Campaigns 4720:(May–Jun) 4708:(Apr–May) 4693:Campaigns 4651:(Nov–Dec) 4645:(Oct–Nov) 4639:(Jun–Jul) 4633:(Apr–May) 4627:(Mar–Apr) 4618:Campaigns 4544:Oak Grove 4503:(Nov–Dec) 4491:(Jul-Sep) 4485:(Mar–Jul) 4483:Peninsula 4479:(Mar–Jun) 4473:(Feb–Jun) 4464:Campaigns 4416:(Oct–Dec) 4401:(Jun–Dec) 4388:Campaigns 4125:780322429 3977:458186269 3332:793457050 2598:Minnesota 2549:Chantilly 2532:Aftermath 1973:61st Ohio 1948:82nd Ohio 1942:and Col. 1611:and Col. 1553:and Maj. 1384:Maj. Gen. 1368:Left Wing 1361:Maj. Gen. 1338:Maj. Gen. 1270:and Col. 1259:and Col. 1190:and Col. 1121:III Corps 1110:McClellan 1047:III Corps 1012:and Col. 986:and Col. 932:Maj. Gen. 912:III Corps 905:Maj. Gen. 885:III Corps 878:Maj. Gen. 851:Maj. Gen. 824:Maj. Gen. 800:John Pope 797:Maj. Gen. 649:A.P. Hill 604:President 481:John Pope 478:Maj. Gen. 459:waged by 420:Chantilly 239:III Corps 181:John Pope 9080:Groveton 9065:Cornwell 9050:Buckland 8985:Triangle 8899:Bull Run 8894:Buckhall 8864:Quantico 8859:Occoquan 8849:Dumfries 8831:Manassas 8661:OmniRide 8062:Category 7903:Seminole 7893:Cherokee 7646:Medicine 7599:Military 7512:Veterans 7346:Jim Crow 7111:timeline 6906:Ericsson 6889:Civilian 6870:Sheridan 6830:McDowell 6790:Farragut 6775:Burnside 6765:Anderson 6758:Military 6738:Stephens 6698:Benjamin 6691:Civilian 6577:Buchanan 6555:Military 6500:Richmond 6449:Virginia 6394:New York 6369:Nebraska 6359:Missouri 6344:Michigan 6334:Maryland 6319:Kentucky 6294:Illinois 6269:Delaware 6249:Colorado 6234:Arkansas 6194:Franklin 6114:Antietam 5985:Overland 5940:Maryland 5859:Theaters 5765:Theaters 4926:Virginia 4718:Overland 4649:Mine Run 4591:Antietam 4574:Glendale 4495:Maryland 4405:Manassas 4255:20723735 4249:, 1990. 4191:42908426 4185:, 1999? 4045:20723735 4039:, 1990. 3057:, p. 29. 2831:See also 2709:Junction 2566:and the 2382:Duryée's 2172:II Corps 2164:VI Corps 2014:VI Corps 1237:IX Corps 1227:VI Corps 1037:II Corps 939:IX Corps 858:II Corps 734:Marshall 532:Bull Run 473:against 295:Strength 269:IX Corps 259:VI Corps 79:Location 9045:Bristow 9025:Antioch 8707:Battles 8700:Culture 8406:Battles 8399:Culture 8357:Transit 8029:Related 7898:Choctaw 7888:Catawba 7671:Rations 7616:Cavalry 7478:Removal 7106:efforts 7090:of 1873 6936:Stevens 6931:Stanton 6916:Lincoln 6875:Sherman 6810:Halleck 6800:Frémont 6785:Du Pont 6723:Mallory 6682:Wheeler 6617:Jackson 6597:Forrest 6537:Leaders 6480:Atlanta 6444:Vermont 6364:Montana 6304:Indiana 6279:Georgia 6274:Florida 6239:Arizona 6229:Alabama 6179:Atlanta 6094:Corinth 6046:battles 5990:Atlanta 5970:Bristoe 5871:Western 5866:Eastern 5771:Battles 5570:Slavery 5474:Origins 5460:Origins 5191:(later 5060:Battles 4921:Potomac 4643:Bristoe 4429:battles 3815:5890637 3169:560–562 3030:546–551 3002:581–588 2667:Gallery 2516:of the 2508:of the 2385:Zouaves 1572:, Col. 1545:, Col. 1541:, Col. 1505:, Col. 1487:, Maj. 1255:, Col. 1213:, Col. 1172:V Corps 1158:, Col. 1143:, Col. 1092:, Col. 1023:, Col. 968:I Corps 831:I Corps 747:In the 598:in the 528:V Corps 249:V Corps 127:victory 9115:Rixlew 9095:Joplin 9090:Hoadly 9055:Canova 9035:Bethel 8980:Sudley 8728:Events 8072:Portal 8010:Tokens 6946:Welles 6926:Seward 6911:Hamlin 6880:Thomas 6815:Hooker 6780:Butler 6733:Seddon 6718:Hunter 6703:Bocock 6677:Taylor 6672:Stuart 6662:Semmes 6642:Morgan 6602:Gorgas 6582:Cooper 6473:Cities 6409:Oregon 6374:Nevada 6314:Kansas 6284:Hawaii 6184:Crater 6084:Shiloh 6044:Major 6030:Mobile 5900:Major 5774:States 5725:Caning 5238:People 4896:Armies 4771:Crater 4427:Major 4253: 4222: 4204: 4189: 4123: 4103: 4085: 4058: 4043: 4022: 4005: 3990: 3975: 3954: 3939: 3924: 3909: 3894: 3879: 3864: 3849: 3834: 3813: 3798: 3781: 3330: 2444:, and 1979:, and 1671:, and 1631:Battle 1393:), CSA 1370:), CSA 1347:), CSA 1324:), CSA 945:), USA 918:), USA 891:), USA 864:), USA 837:), USA 810:), USA 672: 666: 584:, and 325:14,462 314:50,000 121:Result 8841:Towns 8326:Roads 7815:Dixie 7802:Music 7421:Union 7265:Post- 7101:trial 6901:Chase 6896:Adams 6865:Scott 6840:Meigs 6835:Meade 6805:Grant 6795:Foote 6770:Buell 6751:Union 6713:Davis 6657:Price 6647:Mosby 6592:Ewell 6587:Early 6572:Bragg 6434:Texas 6329:Maine 6289:Idaho 5795:Union 5289:Sites 5162:Units 5141:Raids 4916:James 4714:(May) 4509:(Dec) 4497:(Sep) 4407:(Jul) 3620:Union 2966:, or 2924:Notes 2543:First 1706:Maj. 955:Gen. 761:Union 617:Plans 475:Union 337:7,298 9100:Kopp 9015:Aden 8886:CDPs 8000:Salt 7606:Arms 7456:List 7428:List 6941:Wade 6850:Pope 6820:Hunt 6652:Polk 6612:Hood 6607:Hill 6439:Utah 6404:Ohio 6309:Iowa 5841:Navy 5836:Army 5808:Navy 5803:Army 4815:1865 4685:1864 4610:1863 4456:1862 4379:1861 4309:CWPT 4251:OCLC 4233:2018 4220:ISBN 4202:ISBN 4187:OCLC 4121:OCLC 4101:ISBN 4083:ISBN 4056:ISBN 4041:OCLC 4020:ISBN 4003:ISBN 3988:ISBN 3973:OCLC 3952:ISBN 3937:ISBN 3922:ISBN 3907:ISBN 3892:ISBN 3877:ISBN 3862:ISBN 3847:ISBN 3832:ISBN 3811:OCLC 3796:ISBN 3779:ISBN 3747:2021 3328:OCLC 3171:and 2953:The 2890:and 2166:and 2024:and 2012:and 1958:and 1950:and 1733:Col. 1315:Gen. 1235:The 1225:The 1170:The 1119:The 1104:The 1045:The 1035:The 966:The 957:Pope 464:Gen. 439:The 71:Date 8305:Air 6845:Ord 6632:Lee 3173:738 3114:262 3071:523 2499:'s 2212:by 2170:'s 2162:'s 1836:by 1407:'s 1389:, ( 1366:, ( 1343:, ( 1320:, ( 1112:'s 959:'s 594:'s 526:'s 483:'s 469:'s 443:or 9189:: 8827:: 8812:, 4303:: 4282:. 4146:: 4113:. 4095:. 3737:. 3151:, 3147:: 3121:^ 3116:). 3075:53 3037:^ 3009:^ 2986:^ 2962:, 2946:^ 2931:^ 2570:. 2440:, 2010:II 1975:, 1768:. 1667:, 1663:, 1299:) 1016:). 1001:). 990:). 941:, 914:, 887:, 860:, 833:, 802:, 781:) 643:. 580:, 576:, 553:. 230:: 8976:‡ 8799:e 8792:t 8785:v 8487:e 8480:t 8473:v 8106:e 8099:t 8092:v 5440:e 5433:t 5426:v 5047:e 5040:t 5033:v 4363:e 4356:t 4349:v 4311:) 4288:. 4257:. 4235:. 4208:. 4193:. 4127:. 4062:. 4047:. 4026:. 4009:. 3994:. 3979:. 3958:. 3943:. 3928:. 3913:. 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Knowledge

Second Battle of Bull Run

Index