1889:
1498:
1620:
1569:
2374:
2730:
1129:
2543:
breakthrough on the southern side of the salient. As he saw it, with his III Panzer Corps about to link up with the II SS-Panzer Corps at
Prokhorovka, and with the XXIV Panzer Corps available as his operational reserve, they would be halting the offensive just at the moment when victory was in hand. With an eye towards the west, Hitler was unwilling to continue the offensive. Manstein persisted, proposing that his forces should at least destroy the Soviet reserves in the southern Kursk salient before Citadel was finally terminated, so that the Soviet fighting capacity in the sector would be depleted for the rest of the summer. Hitler agreed to continue offensive operations in the southern salient until Manstein's goal was achieved.
428:
174:
49:
2398:
recorded: "Thus on 12 July, the 5th Guards Tank Army failed to accomplish its assigned mission. As a result of the frontal attack, the army's corps fought heavy battles against large enemy tank forces during which they were forced to assume defence." Rotmistrov was forced to shift the 18th and 29th Tank Corps over to defence and reinforce them with infantry. They dug more trenches, dug in some of their tanks, laid new minefields, prepared anti-tank strong points and massed their artillery. The 10th Guards
Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps made preparations to push
2164:
Soviet armour, firing on the move, charged down the western slopes of Hill 252.2 into the panzer company, and a tank battle ensued. Rotmistrov's tactic to close at high speed disrupted the control and co-ordination of the Soviet tank formations and also greatly reduced their accuracy. In a three-hour battle, the 1st SS-Panzer
Regiment engaged the attacking Soviet tanks and repulsed them, reporting that they destroyed about 62 Soviet tanks. Later that afternoon, tanks from the 31st Tank Brigade and the 53rd Motorised Brigade overran elements of the 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion and reached
159:
1577:
forces to arrive from the east, and he did not want his corps to be caught crossing the Psel River when they arrived. The plan originally envisioned elements of the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps joining in the attack towards
Prokhorovka, but this could not be realised. The Soviet command, however, interpreted the change in direction to be a response to the heavy resistance the German forces had faced driving towards Oboyan, and incorrectly believed the change indicated the German panzer forces had been severely weakened.
2349:
failure to provide air liaison officers with Red Army forces, who were then unable to call for air support when the German assault formations first appeared. Whereas the German 8th Air Corps assembled powerful concentrations over the
Prokhorovka battlefield, the 17th Air Army spread its forces thinly, to support other sectors; the Soviets dominated the air over the 4th Panzer Army's flanks, leaving the skies over Prokhorovka clear. The 2nd Air Army's fighter aviation had been reduced to 266 aircraft, and this force was used in the
1527:
subjected to frequent counterattacks from Soviet tank units. Despite this, by the end of 5 July the II SS-Panzer Corps had advanced through the first defensive belt on the southern side of the salient and reached the second, although the plan was to breach the first two belts and reach the third on the first day. Nonetheless, the panzer corps' penetration caused great concern among Soviet commanders, compelling
Vatutin to commit almost all of the Voronezh Front's operational reserves by the end of the first day.
10370:
10413:
1513:
2746:, and 240 support vehicles. The document reported damaged vehicles still under repair as 143 T-34s, 56 T-70s, 7 Churchills, 3 SU-122s, and 3 SU-76s, with no figures for support vehicles. The document reported personnel casualties as 2,940 killed in action, 3,510 wounded in action, and 1,157 missing in action. This totals 334 irrevocable losses in tanks and self-propelled guns, with another 212 tanks and self-propelled guns under repair, and 7,607 casualties. The historian
2828:
plan for the 4th Panzer Army to swing from the Oboyan direction to
Prokhorovka was decided as early as May 1943, well before Operation Citadel had commenced, as German planners of Army Group South had always expected an encounter between the 4th Panzer Army and Soviet reserves that would arrive at the Psel River and Prokhorovka. Other historians have corroborated those conclusions. Newton also asserts that has always been the accepted narrative in postwar literature.
1285:
2802:
never had the number of tanks and assault guns attributed to it by Soviet estimates at any point during
Operation Citadel, not even at the start when it fielded only 494. Even if the definition of the battle was broadened to include the III Panzer Corps and the portion of the 5th Guards Tank Army that faced it, the total number of tanks and other heavy armoured fighting vehicles comes out at a maximum of 1,299. In contrast, for example, the
435:
2079:, was defended by the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps' 42nd and 95th Guards Rifle Divisions, which were supported by the remnants of the 31st Tank Corps and the heavily depleted 23rd Guards Rifle Corps' 52nd Guards Rifle Division. The forces of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps that were not sent south were held as reserve northwest of Prokhorovka, and they numbered about 113 tanks and self-propelled guns.
2574:, respectively. Once the link was achieved and the Soviet forces encircled, Prokhorovka would then be attacked shortly thereafter by the combined forces of the II SS-Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps. The goal of the operation was to destroy the Soviet armoured reserves massed in the southern sector of the Kursk salient, and thereby check Soviet offensive capacity for the rest of the summer.
2365:. The 8th Air Corps reported 19 aircraft damaged and destroyed. Only one German aircraft was reported lost in combat with Soviet fighters; the rest were victims of Soviet ground-fire. In return, the 2nd Air Army reported 14 fighters damaged and destroyed (German fighter pilots claimed only seven; though they claimed 16 aircraft of all types shot down). Soviet bomber losses are unknown.
2071:. On the southeastern wing of the 5th Guards Tank Army, Rotmistrov deployed the 120 tanks of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps. Later on 12 July during the battle, the 26th Guards Tank Brigade of that tank corps with its estimated 40 tanks were sent south to face the III Panzer Corps. The remainder of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps, supported by the remnants of the 2nd Tank Corps, was to attack
2685:
Corps' logistics report for 12 July did not record any confirmed permanent tank losses. Other German sources show that three tanks of the II SS-Panzer Corps (two Panzer IVs and a Tiger) that were immobilised in the battlefield could not be subsequently recovered and therefore the permanent losses can only be adjusted to a possible maximum of three tanks for 12 July. A study by the
2676:
for the Red Army in the Battle of
Prokhorovka are difficult to establish. The Red Army considered any tank damaged badly enough that it could not be repaired by its crew as knocked out, even if damage could be and was repaired by higher level mechanics. This meant that Soviet tanks could be "knocked out" many times, then repaired and returned to battle.
2763:
Center for
Strategy and Force Evaluation reports that the 2nd Guards, 18th and 29th Tanks Corps altogether permanently lost 144 tanks on 12 July, not including self-propelled guns. George Nipe estimates that 600–650 tanks of the 5th Guards Tank Army were damaged or destroyed while fighting both the II SS-Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps on 12 July.
2939:, p. 321). Due to earlier combat, by 12 July the 2nd Tank Corps had few tanks left, many of which were locked in combat elsewhere outside the battlefield of Prokhorovka and out of contact with their parent headquarters. Therefore, it was reinforced with the 10th Anti-Tank Brigade and relegated to a supportive role near Prokhorovka (
2772:
termination of Operation Citadel. For the Soviet side, the massive armoured attack of 12 July failed to destroy the II SS-Panzer Corps, but succeeded in exhausting the Germans and eventually contributed to checking their advance. Thus, neither the 5th Guards Tank Army nor the II SS-Panzer Corps accomplished their objectives for 12 July.
2824:
alter his plan disastrously by ordering the II SS-Panzer Corps to swing from northwest to the northeast towards Prokhorovka. Therefore, according to Glantz and House, the Battle of Prokhorovka was not a result of original intentions or planned for but was engendered by tactically flawed late improvisations to the original German plan.
2837:
and so the troops could not have been genuinely surprised. The German historian Dieter Brand argues that even though the German commanders expected a major Soviet armoured deployment at Prokhorovka, the frontline German troops were indeed largely taken by surprise when the Soviets counterattacked on the morning of 12 July.
2052:
Tank Corps, as well as the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps held in reserve – that faced the II SS-Panzer Corps on 12 July was about 616 tanks and self-propelled guns. In addition, five artillery regiments, one artillery brigade, and one anti-aircraft artillery division were attached to the 5th Guards Tank Army for the assault.
2151:, commander of a panzer company under the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment, stated that he knew at once a major attack was underway. He ordered his company of seven Panzer IVs to follow him over a bridge across an anti-tank ditch. Crossing the bridge they fanned out on the lower slope of Hill 252.2. On the crest of the hill,
2606:, but Trufanov, commanding the Soviet forces in the gap, was aware of the threat and conducted a fighting withdrawal. The link-up failed to trap the Soviet forces, though they abandoned a substantial number of their anti-tank guns. Operation Roland failed to produce a decisive result for the German side, and
2827:
That narrative has been disputed by the historian Steven Newton, who dedicated a section of his 2002 publication about Operation Citadel to refuting it. Using first-hand accounts of German officers who executed Operation Citadel and scrutinising Glantz's and House's sources, Newton contended that the
2710:. An estimated total of 60–80 tanks and assault guns of the II SS-Panzer Corps were damaged or destroyed in combat on 12 July. By the end of 16 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps had 292 serviceable tanks and assault guns, almost the same number it had at the beginning of the battle on 12 July. On 12 July,
2348:
German domination of the Prokhorovka air space occurred for several reasons. During the initial stages of the battle it was Soviet tanks that were hit and burned, obscuring the battlefield which made it difficult for Soviet commanders to develop a clear picture of the situation. Added to that was the
2082:
Vatutin directed Soviet air assets to commit their main effort towards checking the III Panzer Corps' drive northward, and in supporting the attack against the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps. Missions were flown in support of the attack of the 5th Guards Tank Army as well, but to a limited extent. The 2nd Air
1761:
were also to advance eastward to the high ground south of Prokhorovka, then turn south away from Prokhorovka to roll up the Soviet defences opposing the III Panzer Corps' advance and force a gap. The 8th Air Corps was to concentrate its effort to supporting the advance of the II SS-Panzer Corps, with
2814:
High figures for tanks lost during the battle have been widely attributed to the Germans, but these are incorrect. For example, Rotmistrov in his postwar accounts of the battle stated that the Germans lost 350–400 tanks, including 70 Tigers, and 3,500–10,000 soldiers on 12 July, and a Soviet General
2801:
Comparing Soviet and German archives, the total number of tanks and other heavy armoured fighting vehicles such as assault guns and self-propelled guns deployed by the 5th Guards Tank Army and the II SS-Panzer Corps around Prokhorovka during the battle numbered only about 910. The II SS-Panzer Corps
2601:
2nd SS-Panzer Regiment fought off a series of counterattacks and forced the Red Army units to withdraw eastward to a new line. Zhukov ordered the 10th Guards Mechanised Brigade of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps to reinforce the line. The 7th Panzer Division of the III Panzer Corps made contact with
2486:
The 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion attacked the defensive positions held by the 42nd Guards Rifle Division and the remaining armour of the 18th Tank Corps, while the panzer units attacked the defences of the 9th Guards Airborne Division and 29th Tank Corps. These German attacks were repelled
1849:
on the night of 11 July, and was about 18 kilometres (11 mi) southeast of Prokhorovka, and advancing northwards. This threat jeopardised Rotmistrov's entire plan by threatening the flank and rear of the 5th Guards Tank Army. Early on 12 July, Vatutin ordered Rotmistrov to send reinforcements to
1559:
On the following day, 9 July, a meeting of the commanders of the German forces on the northern side of the Kursk salient concluded that a breakthrough on the northern side of the salient was unlikely. Nevertheless, they decided to continue their offensive to maintain pressure and inflict casualties,
1555:
and Kursk. On the same day, the Soviet units counterattacked the II SS-Panzer Corps with several tank corps. These attacks did not destroy the panzer corps as hoped, but slowed its progress. By the end of 8 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps had advanced about 29 kilometres (18 mi) and broken through
2836:
Some historians state that the German troops did not expect the Soviet armoured counterattack and were taken by surprise on 12 July. However, other historians have stated or argued that the German commanders were aware of or at least anticipated the Soviet armour that was massing around Prokhorovka
2701:
Archival data of the II SS-Panzer Corps shows that the corps had 294 operable tanks and assault guns on the evening of 11 July, and 251 on the evening of 13 July. Allowing for the possibility that some repaired tanks were returned to service on 13 July, these numbers indicate that at least 43 tanks
2432:
On the night of 12 July, Vatutin ordered Soviet forces to prevent any further German advance on Prokhorovka, destroy German forces that had advanced along the northern bank of the Psel River, and stop the III Panzer Corps from making further progress. Orders issued by the German command for 13 July
2389:
had captured Hill 226.6 and advanced along the northern bank of the Psel River to reach the Kartashyovka–Prokhorovka road, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northwest of Prokhorovka in accordance with plan. It was in position to outflank the Soviet forces at Prokhorovka, but was under pressure from Soviet
2248:
The 2nd and 17th Air Armies flew 893 sorties compared to the German 8th Air Corps's 654 sorties over the southern part of the salient. Of note, most of the Soviet sorties flown that day were flown against the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west and the III Panzer Corps to the south. Low clouds in the
2109:
State Farm. The Soviet forces began a preparatory artillery barrage at around 08:00, and as the last shells fell at 08:30, Rotmistrov radioed the code words "Stal! Stal! Stal!" ("Steel, Steel, Steel!") – the order to commence the attack. With that the Soviet armour of the 5th Guards Tank Army began
2059:
by its fresh 29th and 18th Tank Corps that had been brought up from the Soviet strategic reserve. These two Soviet tank corps together provided the greatest number of tanks in the attack, with the 18th Tank Corps fielding 190 tanks and self-propelled guns, and the 29th Tank Corps fielding 212 tanks
1537:
Late on 6 July, the 5th Guards Tank and 5th Guards Armies of the Steppe Front began moving up from their reserve position. The 5th Guards Tank Army covered the 320–390 kilometres (200–240 mi) over three days, and arrived at the Prokhorovka area on the night of 9 July, and the 5th Guards Army's
2823:
The historians David M. Glantz and Jonathan House asserted that the original intention of the 4th Panzer Army command was to drive northwards, with its two panzer corps driving abreast towards Oboyan and then Kursk but that on 9 July, heavy Soviet resistance along the road to Oboyan forced Hoth to
2697:
light tanks or German assault guns if any. Archival files of the II SS-Panzer Corps and 4th Panzer Army show that the II SS-Panzer Corps permanently lost 17 tanks and assault guns from 12 to 23 July inclusive, which therefore represents the maximum permanent losses the unit could have incurred for
2675:
methodology for counting and reporting equipment losses. Only equipment that could not be repaired or that had to be abandoned were counted as losses, but damaged equipment that could be recovered and repaired were simply listed as such. Likewise, reliable figures for tank and personnel casualties
2412:
representative, in order to assume control of coordinating the operations of the Voronezh and Steppe Fronts. A commission was dispatched to investigate the cause of the high losses and the role of Rotmistrov and his plans in the battle; its findings were completed and submitted to Stalin two weeks
2163:
As Ribbentrop's tanks spread out, he and the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment were suddenly confronted by Soviet tanks of the 29th Tank Corps' 31st and 32nd Tank Brigades: "About 150–200 meters in front of me appeared fifteen, then thirty, then forty tanks. Finally there were too many of them to count." The
6391: – This report, commissioned by the Soviet General Staff in 1944, was designed to educate the Red Army on how to conduct war operations. It was classified secret until its declassification in 1964, and was later edited and translated to English by Orenstein and Glantz. Its original title was
2771:
Debate exists over the significance and outcome of the battle. The German forces destroyed many Soviet tanks and temporarily degraded the striking power of the 5th Guards Tank Army, but they were unable to take Prokhorovka or break through into open ground before developments elsewhere forced the
2397:
On the Soviet side, all the tank units under Rotmistrov's 5th Guards Tank Army involved in the battle on 12 July suffered heavy losses. Rotmistrov later wrote that the 29th Tank Corps lost 60 per cent of its armour and the 18th Tank Corps lost 30 per cent on 12 July. A Soviet General Staff report
2344:
State Farm, but due to continuous air attacks, they were unable to advance any further and shifted to the defence." The tank brigade also reported: "our own air cover was fully absent until 13:00." The 5th Guards Tank Army reported: "the enemy's aircraft literally hung above our combat formations
2051:
as well. Not all of the 5th Guards Tank Army was present in the Prokhorovka area during the battle, as part of the formation had been sent south to check the advance of the III Panzer Corps. The Soviet armour of the 5th Guards Tank Army – including the newly attached 2nd Guards Tank Corps and 2nd
1580:
Soviet intelligence reports issued from 8 to 9 July reported that defensive works were being constructed by German infantry on the flanks of the 4th Panzer Army, and that German armoured formations were not present in these locations, despite the fact that Soviet armoured formations were situated
2762:
estimate that the whole 5th Guards Tank Army lost at least 400 tanks in its attacks on 12 July. The Soviet historians Grigoriy Koltunov and Boris Soloviev estimate about 300 tanks and self-propelled guns of the 5th Guards Tank Army were damaged or destroyed on 12 July. The study by the US Army's
2737:
A document prepared on 17 July 1943 by the 5th Guards Tank Army headquarters summarised the combat losses incurred by the formation from 12 to 16 July inclusive for all of its five corps, as well as smaller units directly subordinated to the army headquarters. The document reported the following
2141:
were not slated to go into action until later in the day. Exhausted from the previous week's fighting, many were just starting their day at the outset of the attack. As the Soviet armour appeared, German outposts all across the corps' frontage began firing purple warning flares signalling a tank
2775:
While the battle is generally considered a tactical success for the German side due to the high numbers of Soviet tanks destroyed, in the wider perspective the Soviets successfully completed their defensive operation at Prokhorovka and created the conditions for their decisive counteroffensive,
2684:
The II SS-Panzer Corps reported 842 soldiers killed, wounded, or missing for 12 July, and 2,672 for 12 to 16 July inclusive. Since the German forces controlled much of the Prokhorovka battlefield until 17 July, they were able to recover most of their disabled armoured vehicles. The II SS-Panzer
2217:
The advance of Soviet armour down Hill 252.2 was disrupted when they reached the anti-tank ditch at the base of the hill. A number of tanks crashed into the 15-foot deep ditch while others moved along the edge looking for a way to cross. Heavy fire was exchanged between the Soviet tanks and two
1576:
On the evening of 9 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps was ordered to shift its own forward progress, from due north to the northeast, towards the settlement of Prokhorovka. Hoth had formulated this move, and had discussed it with Manstein since early May, as he expected large Soviet armoured reserve
1704:
advance had disrupted Rotmistrov's preparations, as the assembly areas he intended to use for the tank army's 18th and 29th Tank Corps were in German hands by the end of the day, forcing him to hastily revise his plans and select new positions. The arrival of the 5th Guards Tank Army just days
2190:
left flank, and faced off with the 18th Tank Corps' advancing 181st Tank Brigade. In a three-hour battle the Tigers engaged the Soviet tanks at ranges from 1,000 metres down to point-blank, inflicting heavy losses on the Soviet tankers and repelling their attack. None of the Tigers were lost.
1842:, respectively. However, the bulk of the air support was committed in support of Soviet units attacking the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west of Prokhorovka and the III Panzer Corps to the southeast, and only limited numbers of aircraft were available to support 5th Guards Tank Army's attack.
1526:
launched its attack on the morning of 5 July 1943 and met heavy resistance. There were far more Soviet anti-tank guns, minefields, anti-tank ditches and overall Soviet resistance than had been anticipated, making a breakthrough more difficult to achieve. Furthermore, from the outset they were
2797:
The battle has been widely described as the largest tank engagement or battle in military history, involving 1,200–1,500 tanks and sometimes up to 2,000, but this is incorrect as the battle did not involve that many tanks. The exaggerated figures originated from erroneous Soviet intelligence
2542:
Kluge welcomed the decision, as he was already in the process of withdrawing units of the 9th Army from the northern side of the Kursk salient to deal with Soviet attacks on his flank. But Manstein was greatly disappointed. He argued that his forces were now on the verge of achieving a major
1262:
from capturing Prokhorovka and breaking through the third defensive belt, the last heavily fortified one. Having failed to achieve his objective, Hitler, despite the advice of his commanders, cancelled Operation Citadel and began redeploying his forces to deal with new pressing developments
2191:
Elements of the 170th Tank Brigade later engaged the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment, which was already fighting the 31st and 32nd Tank Brigades. Despite losing its commander and about 30 tanks in the fight, by early afternoon the 170th Tank Brigade had forced the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment back to the
1784:
The 5th Guards Army and 5th Guards Tank Army of the Steppe Front had been brought up from reserve and reassigned to the Voronezh Front on 8 and 11 July respectively. On 11 July, Vatutin ordered the armies of the Voronezh Front to go over to the offensive on the following day. This Soviet
2959:
Two of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps' four brigades – the 10th, 11th and 12th Guards Mechanised Brigades, and the 24th Guards Tank Brigade – were sent south to block the III Panzer Corps, leaving only its 10th Guards Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades near Prokhorovka on 12 July
2780:, just as planned. Ultimately there was no German breakthrough at Prokhorovka or elsewhere in the Kursk salient, becoming the first time in the Second World War that a major German offensive was halted before it could break through enemy defences and penetrate into their operational or
2405:
Stalin was very disappointed and infuriated by the early reports of heavy Soviet losses in the battle and on the evening of 12 July, he berated Rotmistrov via a phone call. The same evening, he dispatched Zhukov, who had been overseeing Operation Kutuzov, to Vatutin's headquarters as
1967:
area into north and south. The bulk of the division was positioned to the north of the rail line, including the division's 1st SS-Panzer Regiment and 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment, as well as its reconnaissance, artillery and command units. To the south of the rail line was
1813:
and Tiger tanks possessed by the II SS-Panzer Corps. In actuality there were no Ferdinands with the 4th Panzer Army or Army Group South, as they were all deployed on the northern side of the Kursk salient with the 9th Army. Soviet tank crews frequently mistook the versions of
2902:
The 5th Guards Tank Army was transferred from the control of the Steppe Front to the Voronezh Front on 11 July. All of its subordinate corps as of 12 July are listed below; but the divisions, regiments and battalions directly subordinate to the Army's Headquarters are not
2815:
Staff study of the Battle of Kursk reported that the Germans lost 300 tanks, 20 assault guns and over 4,500 soldiers in the battle from 12 to 16 July inclusive. However, archival data of the German units involved show that much lower losses were incurred during the battle.
2753:
Adding up the 12 July losses of the 5th Guards Tank Army's component units, historian Valery Zamulin found 3,563 personnel losses, of which 1,505 were killed and missing, and 340 tanks and self-propelled guns damaged or destroyed. For equipment damaged or destroyed,
1718:
Late on the evening of 11 July, Hausser, the commander of the II SS-Panzer Corps, issued orders for the next day's advance on Prokhorovka. It was known that the Red Army had dug in many anti-tank guns on the southwest slopes of Prokhorovka, making a direct attack by
1369:
The German offensive plan envisioned an assault at the base of the Kursk salient from both the north and south, with the intent of enveloping and destroying the Soviet forces in the salient. The two spearheads were to meet near the city of Kursk. From the south, the
2798:
estimates of German armour reported during and after the battle, and subsequent postwar accounts that repeated this erroneous narrative. Some Soviet estimates reported figures as high as 800 German tanks and assault guns attacking Prokhorovka on 12 July.
1869:, and the 53rd Guards Tank Regiment of the 5th Guards Tank Army. Other units of the Voronezh Front also joined the group on its way south. In doing so, Rotmistrov committed over half of his army's reserves before the Battle of Prokhorovka had begun.
1670:), crossed a 15-foot (4.6 m)-deep anti-tank ditch at the base of Hill 252.2 and seized the hill itself after a brief but bloody battle, leaving them only 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of Prokhorovka. To its northwest, the panzergrenadiers of
2810:
involved over 2,000 tanks, up to 6,000 tanks over the duration of the battle, engaged in combat over a 70-kilometre (43 mi) front. Nonetheless, the Battle of Prokhorovka is still regarded as one of the largest tank battles in military history.
2557:
After the meeting with Hitler on 13 July, Manstein hastily put together the plans for Operation Roland, realising that he only had a few days to conduct the operation before he lost the II SS-Panzer Corps due to redeployment. The plan called for
1581:
opposite these flanks. Voronezh Front headquarters supposed the Germans must be reaching their limit, and on 10 July decided to set its counterattack to coincide with the planned Soviet counteroffensive on the northern side of the Kursk salient,
61:
are in blue; the red dashed line shows the position of Soviet forces directly opposing the SS-Panzer Corps. The black dashed line is the railway running from Prokhorovka southwest through the Psel corridor (the strip of land between the
1419:. The German offensive, originally slated to commence in the beginning of May, was postponed several times as the German leadership reconsidered and vacillated over its prospects, as well as to bring forward more units and equipment.
1214:, had learned of the German intentions and so used the delay to prepare a series of defensive belts along the routes of the planned German offensive. The Soviet leadership also massed several armies deep behind their defences as the
2577:
The orders for Operation Roland were issued in the closing hours of 13 July 1943. But after meeting with Manstein, Hitler countermanded the XXIV Panzer Corps' deployment to the Kursk salient, sending them on 14 July to support the
1705:
earlier was detrimental to it in two major ways: the tank unit commanders did not have an opportunity to reconnoitre the terrain they would be travelling across, and the supporting artillery was unable to site and spot their fire.
2357:
role. The battle of Prokhorovka absorbed the 8th Air Corps' combat power to the extent it was unable to intervene to support the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps, enabling Soviet defences to defeat the attempted breakthrough in that sector.
1253:
on the northern side and a coinciding one on the southern side. On the southern side of the salient near Prokhorovka, the 5th Guards Tank Army engaged the II SS-Panzer Corps of the 4th Panzer Army, resulting in a large clash of
2118:
In total, about 500 tanks and self-propelled guns of the 5th Guards Tank Army attacked the positions of the II SS-Panzer Corps on 12 July, doing so in two waves, with 430 tanks in the first echelon and 70 more in the second.
1560:
thereby tying down the Soviet forces there. Any level of success for Operation Citadel now depended on a breakthrough being achieved by the 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf on the southern side of the Kursk salient.
2175:
lines of communication and the division's command post located at Hill 241.6. The Soviet tanks attacked the division's 1st SS-Panzer Artillery Regiment, killing some of the crews before they themselves were destroyed by
1331:
and some senior Soviet officers wanted to seize the initiative first and attack the German forces inside the Soviet Union, but they were convinced by a number of key commanders, including the Deputy Supreme Commander
1350:
that would give up terrain and allow the Soviet units to advance, while the German forces launched a series of sharp counterattacks against their flanks to inflict heavy attrition. But for political reasons, German
6462:. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. V: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944. London: Naval & Military Press.
1336:, to assume a defensive posture instead. This would allow the German side to weaken themselves in attacking prepared positions, after which the Soviet forces would be able to respond with a counteroffensive.
2877:), but the main tank engagement occurred on 12 July. On 9 July, the order to attack Prokhorovka was issued to the II SS-Panzer Corps, and the attack towards the town began the following morning on 10 July (
1822:
anti-tank gun, which also had extra armour added to their turret, for Tigers; therefore Soviet reports tended to overestimate the number of Tigers employed by the German side during the Battle of Kursk.
1789:
on the northern side, Operation Kutuzov. Vatutin ordered Rotmistrov to destroy the German forces near Prokhorovka with his 5th Guards Tank Army, without allowing the German forces to withdraw southward.
1296:, and the deployment of Soviet and German forces ahead of the operation. The blobs of red dashed lines show the position of Soviet reserves upon their arrival. The map shows the starting position of the
2060:
and self-propelled guns. Infantry support to the 18th and 29th Tank Corps was provided by the 9th Guards Airborne Division. A portion of the 18th Tank Corps was directed against the eastern flank of
2535:
on the northern side of the Kursk salient on 12 July, and the attacks by strong Soviet forces at Prokhorovka the same day had caused Hitler to stop the offensive and begin redeploying forces to the
1270:
on the southern side and continuing Operation Kutuzov on the northern side. The Soviet Union thus seized the strategic initiative on the Eastern Front, which it held for the rest of the war.
1422:
The Soviet leadership, through their intelligence agencies and foreign sources, learned about the German intentions, and therefore the multiple delays by the German army high command, the
1200:
by attacking and breaking through the base of the salient from north and south simultaneously. The German offensive was delayed several times because of the vacillation of the leadership (
2633:
and 1st Panzer Army. In the early afternoon of 17 July, Operation Roland was terminated with an order for the II SS-Panzer Corps to begin withdrawing from the Prokhorovka sector back to
1805:
medium tanks would be able to quickly close in and obtain effective flanking shots against the German heavy tanks. In fact, Soviet intelligence had greatly overestimated the numbers of
1766:
2885:, pp. 337, 341). And on 17 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps was ordered to suspend all action in the Prokhorovka area and begin withdrawing out of the Kursk salient back to Belgorod (
2232:
were lost in the fighting, some destroyed in ramming the much heavier Soviet tanks in an effort to stop them. Eventually, due to heavy Soviet pressure and dangerously exposed flanks,
1208:
tanks could be delivered to the front, hoping that a technical advantage would help him win the offensive) and the addition of more forces and new equipment. The Soviet high command,
2495:
was ordered to abandon their positions northwest of Prokhorovka and return to tenable positions around Hill 226.6. Soviet attempts to sever the narrow salient were unsuccessful, and
2105:
1st SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment nudged forward and drove the Soviet infantry out of Storozhevoe, while elements of the division's 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment fanned out from the
347:
2345:
throughout the entire battle, while our own aircraft, and particularly the fighter aviation, was totally insufficient." The 36th Tank Brigade lost its commander to an air attack.
2218:
companies of a panzergrenadier battalion on the opposite side of the ditch. Peiper's surviving panzergrenadiers engaged the Soviet infantry and attacked the Soviet tanks with
2935:
The 2nd Tank Corps was initially not part of the 5th Guards Tank Army, but was transferred from the control of the Southwestern Front to the 5th Guards Tank Army on 11 July (
2610:
began withdrawing from its positions north of the Psel, following orders issued late on 15 July, as the II SS-Panzer Corps assumed a defensive stance along its entire front.
2195:
State Farm and reached the position of the 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion. At around 18:00, the 170th and 181st Tank Brigades penetrated the German line connecting
10438:
443:
2098:
headquarters started receiving reports of the sound of many tank engines as the Soviet tanks moved into their assembly areas for the attack. At around 06:50, elements of
8941:
8686:
2460:
On the morning of 13 July, the 10th Guards Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades, in cooperation with the 95th and 52nd Guards Rifle Corps, launched attacks against
8294:
1674:
had achieved a bridgehead across the Psel and tanks had been brought across, but they had yet to take Hill 226.6 and there was a 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) gap between
10292:
8310:
1539:
478:
342:
327:
8630:
427:
8233:
8205:
7349:
6501:
10271:
8950:
8637:
7771:
2122:
Down from the slopes in front of Prokhorovka, the massed Soviet armour charged with five tank brigades of the 18th and 29th Tank Corps, firing as they came at
9253:
8616:
7925:
7550:
6094:
2686:
2536:
1960:
had advanced the most deeply towards Prokhorovka and was situated in the centre of the German position. A railway line, with a 30-feet high railbed, divided
1470:, formed the strategic reserve. It was to be held back east of the salient until the time was right for the Soviet counteroffensive. This formation included
1225:, was to launch counteroffensives once the German strength had dissipated. The 5th Guards Tank Army was the primary armoured formation of the Steppe Front.
8266:
8212:
7398:
6240:
1596:
1542:
arrived at the settlement on the night of 10 July. Both armies completed their journey and deployment intact without any substantial interference from the
264:
8723:
8219:
7835:
1534:. They eventually succeeded by the morning of 6 July, but the delay in their advance kept them from protecting the east flank of the II SS-Panzer Corps.
1572:
A German soldier inspects a T-34 tank knocked out at Pokrovka that is still smoldering. Pokrovka is 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Prokhorovka.
10443:
7245:
1551:
Slow progress by the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps caused Hoth to shift elements of the II SS-Panzer Corps on 8 July to aid the XXXXVIII Corps' drive towards
8609:
8056:
7932:
337:
302:
7010:
10463:
7909:
7289:
8346:
7658:
3006:
The 10th Tank Corps was transferred from the control of the 5th Guards Army to the Voronezh Front on 7 July, and to the 1st Tank Army on 8 July (
1358:
insisted that the German forces go on the offensive, choosing the Kursk salient for the attack. On 15 April 1943 he authorised preparations for
8165:
7467:
10164:
1793:
For the battle, Rotmistrov ordered his tanks to move forward at high speed to engage the German armour in order to nullify the advantages the
1234:
launched its offensive. On the northern side of the salient, the German forces bogged down within four days. On the southern side, the German
8957:
8920:
8897:
8418:
7340:
7310:
2285:
twin-engined ground-attack aircraft, both equipped with 30 mm (1.2 in) anti-tank cannon. In particular, the Hs 129 formations from
471:
8672:
1845:
Rotmistrov's plans for a counterattack were threatened by events to the south. The III Panzer Corps managed to cross the Northern Donets at
9050:
8906:
8890:
8862:
8110:
7317:
1888:
2249:
morning and thunderstorms in the afternoon inhibited air operations over Prokhorovka for both sides. Over the Prokhorovka battlefield the
1530:
The III Panzer Corps met with stiff resistance as well and had great difficulty creating and maintaining a bridgehead across the Northern
9807:
8874:
8786:
8730:
8693:
7975:
1055:
1865:, which consisted of the 26th Guards Tank Brigade from the 2nd Guards Tank Corps, the 11th and 12th Guards Mechanised Brigades from the
1497:
8779:
7511:
7055:
2668:
Losses for 12 July are difficult to establish for either combatant. Tank losses attributed to the German side vary, in part due to the
2390:
attacks and its hold on the forward ground was tenuous. Forced onto the defensive by the attacks of the 2nd Guards and 2nd Tank Corps,
2031:
The main Soviet armoured formation involved in the battle was the 5th Guards Tank Army, which controlled five corps, two of which were
1619:
645:
103:
10285:
8913:
7303:
7261:
1568:
5835:
2373:
10134:
7953:
7727:
7490:
7356:
7167:
6232:
6121:
6097:) and directed by Walter J. Bauman, using data collected from military archives in Germany and Russia by The Dupuy Institute (TDI).
2729:
2487:
by concentrated anti-tank artillery fire. The 29th Tank Corps responded with a counterattack and penetrated German lines, reaching
2035:, by 12 July: the 2nd Guards, 2nd, 5th Guards Mechanised, 18th and 29th Tank Corps. Altogether they fielded 793 tanks and 37 to 57
2014:
to provide some flank protection. The unit was, later on 12 July, buttressed by the division's four remaining Tigers, commanded by
805:
800:
464:
5529:
2784:. With the end of Operation Citadel, the strategic initiative permanently swung over to the Soviet Union for the rest of the war.
10458:
9029:
8826:
7863:
7363:
7275:
7211:
2637:. The 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf anticipated the order and began executing it as early as the evening of 16 July.
2475:
1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion was ordered to attack northward towards the Psel River to consolidate its front line with
1104:
515:
2527:
on the night of 9–10 July, combined with the Soviet counteroffensive of Operation Kutuzov against the flank and rear of General
9232:
8744:
7594:
7132:
6682:
6084:
2622:
795:
2590:
struck out for the high ground south-west of Pravorot, evicting the remnants of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps from the village of
2582:
to the south. The assault began at 04:00 on 14 July. Following a brief artillery barrage, the 4th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment
2452:
was to consolidate and strengthen its front line and prepare for an offensive operation to link up with the III Panzer Corps.
2437:
to consolidate its gains of the previous day and then attack into the flank and rear of the Soviet forces around Prokhorovka.
2075:. Their infantry support was provided by the 183rd Rifle Division. The western flank of the 5th Guards Tank Army, which faced
1662:
had advanced deep into the Soviet third defensive belt. They had moved up the Psel corridor, cleared Soviet resistance at the
10468:
9828:
9733:
9260:
9006:
8881:
7967:
7941:
7798:
7504:
7421:
6876:
6857:
6816:
6792:
6770:
6724:
6670:
6651:
6632:
6613:
6557:
6534:
6440:
6421:
6365:
6342:
6323:
6304:
6285:
6198:
6172:
6149:
6110:
6073:
1448:
emplacements were created; behind those were an additional three belts, which were mostly unoccupied and less fortified. The
783:
10061:
9468:
9354:
8519:
7986:
7982:
7960:
7564:
6984:
2993:, p. 167). The other corps – the 32nd Guards Rifle Corps – was deployed further west, in the battlefield near Oboyan (
2214:
repelled the Soviet attack and re-established the line, forcing the Soviet tanks to withdraw to the village of Andreyevka.
1324:(mud) season came to an end in 1943, both the German and Soviet commands considered their plans for future operations. The
1109:
640:
505:
10478:
10453:
9976:
9440:
8772:
8758:
7971:
7030:
2915:
The 2nd Guards Tank Corps was initially not part of the 5th Guards Tank Army. It was transferred from the control of the
2418:
1215:
896:
606:
510:
10185:
10054:
9932:
9510:
9225:
9176:
8934:
8489:
7741:
7580:
7428:
7282:
866:
6509:
4335:
10433:
10301:
9183:
9155:
8972:
8554:
8273:
8240:
6966:
6943:
6838:
6743:
6587:
6490:
6467:
6384:
6093:– A study of the southern sector of the Battle of Kursk conducted by the US Army Concepts Analysis Agency (under the
2614:
1942:
were 77, 95, and 122 tanks and assault guns respectively. Ten of the Tigers were to the north of the Psel River with
871:
761:
662:
7456:
7076:
2385:
still held Hill 252.2, but had been exhausted by the effort of turning back five Soviet tank brigades. To its left,
2340:, reported: "We suffered heavy losses in tanks through enemy artillery and aircraft. At 10:30 our tanks reached the
1404:, commanded by von Manstein. Air support over the southern portion of the offensive was provided by Colonel General
10338:
9496:
9433:
8568:
8404:
7527:
2777:
1610:
1589:
1267:
1128:
1099:
851:
846:
616:
280:
272:
8081:
2257:
Stukas, including a small number of the G-2 variants, experimentally equipped with twin 3.7 cm (1.5 in)
539:
9862:
9703:
9692:
9528:
9287:
9246:
9139:
9077:
8464:
7734:
7603:
7571:
6244:. Soviet Army Studies Office Combined Arms Center Combat Studies Institute (CSI Report No. 11). Ft. Belvoir, VA.
1878:
1114:
1048:
8251:
7819:
10473:
10248:
10220:
10098:
9891:
9128:
8579:
8505:
8301:
7672:
7391:
7296:
7181:
1305:
922:
766:
2377:
German troops during a lull in the fighting during Operation Citadel on the southern side of the Kursk salient
10308:
10241:
10192:
10123:
9948:
9454:
9405:
9169:
9162:
8765:
8526:
8317:
7370:
2618:
1735:
was ordered to make a limited advance and secure Storozhevoe and Lamki just outside Prokhorovka, then it and
1003:
993:
883:
635:
4347:
4262:
4260:
4258:
10382:
10278:
9653:
9614:
8533:
8368:
8353:
8280:
8259:
8077:
7755:
7541:
7534:
7518:
7229:
7188:
7160:
3027:
from the very first day. Its subordinate units present at the Battle of Prokhorovka were already depleted (
2130:
1901:
1785:
counterattack on the southern side of the Kursk salient was planned to coincide with the offensive against
1636:
1393:
1156:
1144:
956:
711:
674:
579:
488:
89:
54:
36:
2183:
Wittmann's group of four Tigers provided support to the reconnaissance battalion in its effort to protect
10345:
9669:
9621:
9239:
9211:
9064:
8679:
8658:
8179:
7842:
7748:
7238:
7014:
4255:
2083:
Army had some 472 aircraft operational on 12 July, while the 17th Air Army had 300 operational aircraft.
1926:. On the evening of 11 July, the serviceable armour strength of the II SS-Panzer Corps was 294 tanks and
1866:
1522:
1453:
1325:
317:
3010:, p. 324). Only its 11th Motorised Rifle Brigade was in the battlefield of Prokhorovka on 12 July (
10448:
10403:
10143:
9639:
9558:
9503:
9391:
9347:
8997:
8623:
8547:
8449:
8326:
8198:
8191:
8151:
8124:
7856:
7789:
7384:
7195:
7125:
6277:
1644:
1041:
988:
950:
716:
352:
2989:, p. 323). Of the army's two corps, only this one was present on the battlefield of Prokhorovka (
1731:–Prokhorovka road, and then strike southeast into the flank and rear of Soviet forces at Prokhorovka.
1258:. The 5th Guards Tank Army suffered significant losses in the attack, but succeeded in preventing the
10045:
9962:
9747:
9607:
9579:
9412:
9317:
9107:
8540:
7614:
7268:
2562:
to attack east and south and link up with the III Panzer Corps, which would attack to the northwest.
2524:
1588:
Starting on the morning of 10 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps began its attack towards Prokhorovka. Its
1255:
983:
591:
559:
534:
7812:
6973:– Comprehensive description of Soviet and German troop movements based on Soviet and German archives
6220:
1308:("5. GA"). Prokhorovka (not shown) is 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Pokrovka ("Pokrowka").
9784:
9761:
9013:
8814:
8807:
8471:
8131:
8103:
8096:
7483:
1855:
1690:
had also met stiff resistance and lagged behind some 4 kilometres (2.5 mi). With its advance,
902:
694:
7828:
7805:
2702:
and assault guns became inoperable during this period, which includes all ten Tigers belonging to
2039:
for a total of approximately 840 armoured fighting vehicles. About two-thirds of these tanks were
1651:, the 2nd Guards Tank Corps and the 48th Rifle Corps' 183rd Rifle Division opposed the advance of
10206:
10150:
10020:
9880:
9565:
9218:
9114:
9020:
8588:
8456:
8426:
8390:
8375:
8247:
8139:
8117:
8063:
8049:
8031:
7695:
7476:
7204:
7153:
6190:
2718:
2300:
1424:
1416:
1313:
961:
778:
740:
728:
611:
596:
6663:
Demolishing the Myth: The Tank Battle at Prokhorovka, Kursk, July 1943: An Operational Narrative
2007:
9898:
9791:
9593:
9544:
9447:
9340:
9310:
9093:
8981:
8707:
8498:
8089:
8070:
8040:
7587:
7557:
6807:
6738:. Cass Series on the Soviet (Russian) Study of War. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass).
2803:
2750:
argued that the majority of the losses reported in the document must have occurred on 12 July.
2441:
was to strengthen its front line and co-ordinate its attack on Prokhorovka from the south with
2293:
1858:
Armies facing the III Panzer Corps. He organised a task force under the command of his deputy,
856:
829:
706:
549:
2985:, which was transferred from the control of the Steppe Front to the Voronezh Front on 8 July (
2144:
2016:
48:
10389:
10112:
9955:
9851:
9821:
9777:
9517:
9482:
9475:
9398:
9296:
8737:
8714:
8561:
8172:
7709:
7449:
7435:
7118:
4599:
2479:, while the division's panzer units were to attack towards Soviet positions northeast of the
2148:
1397:
1371:
1239:
834:
823:
574:
307:
8007:
7059:
5538:, pp. 531–532, outlines various figures proposed by various historians since the 1970s.
4097:
2160:'s 3rd Panzergrenadier Battalion of the 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment were being overrun.
1400:
was to protect Hoth's right flank. The 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf were under
10213:
10068:
9719:
9676:
9646:
9572:
9382:
9361:
8287:
7764:
7442:
2916:
2807:
2711:
2630:
2532:
2421:
2286:
2240:
State Farm and established firmer defensive lines 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south.
1773:
1627:
The II SS-Panzer Corps continued its attack towards Prokhorovka on 11 July. The advance of
1486:
1340:
1301:
1164:
889:
771:
722:
528:
291:
2861:
Historians attribute varying periods between 9 and 17 July as the duration of the battle (
2512:
2491:
State Farm before being beaten back by direct fire from German artillery. That afternoon,
554:
8:
10417:
10331:
10105:
9983:
9939:
9461:
8595:
8361:
7888:
7718:
7702:
7651:
7096:
2002:
3rd SS-Panzer Regiment had largely crossed over the Psel in preparation for the assault.
966:
932:
877:
6479:
Kursk: The German View: Eyewitness Reports of Operation Citadel by the German Commanders
6253:
6129:
5977:
10324:
10157:
10082:
10036:
10006:
9914:
9754:
9419:
9303:
9197:
9148:
9086:
8842:
8793:
8602:
8226:
7881:
7679:
6699:
6270:
6208:
6182:
6062:
2747:
2036:
1471:
1382:
1343:
1297:
1197:
1172:
976:
937:
917:
912:
810:
585:
373:
258:
58:
2333:
flew 248 attack missions, virtually all of them in support of the II SS-Panzer Corps.
2153:
10315:
10199:
10089:
10029:
9990:
9923:
9905:
9871:
9814:
9768:
9712:
9537:
9275:
9267:
9204:
9057:
8651:
8183:
7644:
7623:
7333:
7038:
6962:
6939:
6872:
6853:
6834:
6812:
6788:
6766:
6739:
6720:
6703:
6666:
6647:
6628:
6609:
6583:
6553:
6530:
6486:
6463:
6436:
6417:
6380:
6361:
6357:
6338:
6319:
6300:
6281:
6245:
6194:
6168:
6145:
6106:
6069:
4383:
3024:
2508:
2414:
2361:
The posture, dispositions and tactics on 12 July led to few losses on either side in
2327:
2315:
2310: – down from 1,071 on 5 July, but the small Ju 87G contingent proved effective.
2306:, made their weakest contribution to the Kursk operation since the 5 July – 150
2278:
2274:
2225:
1697:
Late on 11 July the 5th Guards Tank Army prepared for its forthcoming counterattack.
1582:
1375:
1363:
1293:
1289:
1250:
1189:
1133:
1089:
1079:
861:
689:
6088:
2270:
10234:
10227:
10171:
9835:
9600:
9586:
9489:
9426:
9377:
9190:
9043:
8990:
8800:
8751:
8665:
7895:
7872:
7405:
6920:
6895:
6850:
From the Don to the Dnepr: Soviet Offensive Operations, December 1942 – August 1943
6802:
6780:
6691:
6597:
6546:
Decision in the Ukraine: German Panzer Operations on the Eastern Front, Summer 1943
6128:(in German) (6). Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung und Sport. Archived from
4371:
3528:
2629:
and Donets Rivers against the southern wing of Army Group South, pressing upon the
2552:
2129:
positions. As the Soviet tanks rolled down the slopes, they carried the men of the
2020:
1835:
1769:
1482:
1429:
1401:
1182:
1094:
1015:
1009:
998:
971:
907:
815:
668:
657:
630:
622:
601:
544:
413:
237:
224:
7414:
6925:
6908:
6899:
1516:
The extent of the German advance during Operation Citadel (red dashed line arrows)
10257:
9969:
9884:
9842:
9740:
9683:
9551:
9333:
9324:
8853:
8435:
8411:
7665:
6826:
6695:
6572:
6549:
6455:
6228:
6164:
5236:
2982:
2781:
2755:
2579:
2354:
2337:
2282:
1851:
1839:
1750:
was to attack the main Soviet defences on the southwest slope of Prokhorovka. To
1478:
1464:
1456:
1441:
1279:
1235:
1193:
1160:
1065:
1020:
927:
789:
754:
679:
569:
332:
297:
242:
219:
32:
10369:
6994:
1405:
208:
10264:
9800:
9726:
7778:
7637:
6644:
Thunder at Prokhorovka: A Combat History of Operation Citadel, Kursk, July 1943
6265:
6187:
The Eastern Front 1943–1944: The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts
3612:
2759:
2516:
2362:
2350:
2220:
2157:
2048:
1862:
1647:, and the 11th Motorised Rifle Brigade of the 10th Tank Corps. To the south of
1639:
and 301st Anti-Tank Artillery Regiment, both from the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps.
1632:
1474:
1449:
1347:
1243:
733:
564:
312:
229:
4162:
2919:
to the 69th Army on 10 July, and then to the 5th Guards Tank Army on 11 July (
1976:
1428:(OKH), allowed them a great deal of time to prepare their defences. Employing
10427:
10075:
8000:
7849:
7688:
6680:
Zamulin, Valeriy (2012). "Prokhorovka: The Origins and Evolution of a Myth".
6579:
6567:
6482:
6249:
2413:
later, and initially considering sacking Rotmistrov and hauling him before a
2254:
1859:
1831:
1819:
1798:
1445:
1386:
1333:
1328:
118:
105:
5585:
1908:
The German forces involved in the Battle of Prokhorovka were from the three
10374:
10178:
8478:
8383:
8014:
7377:
7141:
6605:
6009:
2528:
2520:
1827:
1826:
Soviet air support in the southern part of the salient was provided by the
1765:
1728:
1531:
1508:
on the southern side of the Kursk salient at the start of Operation Citadel
1460:
1409:
1389:
1378:
1355:
1222:
1201:
1152:
684:
200:
195:
179:
164:
97:
93:
63:
40:
6527:
Blood, Steel, and Myth: The II.SS-Panzer-Korps and the Road to Prochorowka
1432:, they constructed a series of defensive lines to wear down the attacking
10013:
9999:
9661:
8337:
8158:
8143:
7497:
7080:
6936:
The Panzers of Prokhorovka: The Myth of Hitler's Greatest Armoured Defeat
6886:
Töppel, Roman (2021). "The Battle of Prokhorovka: Facts Against Fables".
6137:
6085:
Kursk Operation Simulation and Validation Exercise – Phase II (KOSAVE II)
5761:
5759:
5209:
4630:
4609:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4398:
2591:
2314:
liaison officers allotted to German ground forces were able to guide the
2177:
2134:
2032:
1927:
1897:
1727:
to capture Hill 226.6, and advance northeast along the Psel River to the
1246:. They made slow but steady progress through the Soviet defensive lines.
367:
6433:
Zitadelle: The German Offensive Against the Kursk Salient 4–17 July 1943
6414:
Zitadelle: The German Offensive Against the Kursk Salient 4–17 July 1943
6087:(Report). Bethesda, MD: US Army Concepts Analysis Agency. Archived from
1512:
1249:
After a week of fighting, the Soviets launched their counteroffensives:
9368:
9121:
9100:
7993:
7326:
7254:
6602:
Armor and Blood: The Battle of Kursk, The Turning Point of World War II
6451:
5665:
5493:
2229:
1623:
Vehicles of II SS-Panzer Corps advancing towards Prokhorovka on 11 July
1501:
1467:
1385:, forming the left and right wings of the 4th Panzer Army commanded by
1319:
5756:
5619:
5617:
4395:
4311:
1762:
the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west assigned limited air resources.
1616:
defended the panzer corps' flank from Soviet armoured counterattacks.
9631:
9036:
8833:
8644:
8442:
8397:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5002:
5000:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4344:, pp. 48, 105–106, reports 793 tanks and 57 self-propelled guns.
2694:
1910:
1893:
1815:
1544:
1505:
1437:
1284:
1230:
1177:
700:
7918:
6665:. Translated by Stuart Britton. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company.
5911:, p. 535, mentions 6,000 tanks over the duration of the battle.
5411:
5409:
4359:
4072:
4070:
4068:
3677:
1352:
7902:
7630:
5614:
2690:
2634:
1846:
1168:
5568:
5275:
5273:
5271:
5121:
5119:
4997:
4464:
4356:, pp. 151, 328, reports 793 tanks and 37 self-propelled guns.
2468:
and prevented it from attacking towards Prokhorovka. Around noon,
2055:
The main attack of the 5th Guards Tank Army was conducted against
1975:
1st SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment, along with the division's 1st SS-
1643:
was resisted by the 31st Tank Corps, the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps'
1033:
5406:
4524:
4065:
3336:
2717:
of the 8th Air Corps reported 11 aircraft damaged, all by Soviet
2265:
1987:, and it protected the southern flank of the II SS-Panzer Corps.
1806:
1794:
1606:
1205:
5811:
5433:
5131:
3816:
3633:, p. 90, this places it at 28 km at the end of 7 July.
3624:
456:
8512:
7110:
5950:
5938:
5926:
5914:
5783:
5268:
5155:
5143:
5116:
5048:
5012:
4826:
4497:
4126:
4010:
3998:
3804:
3109:
2739:
2698:
the engagement on 12 July up till the end of Operation Roland.
2408:
2307:
2258:
1552:
1433:
1210:
5686:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5546:
5544:
5336:
5334:
5184:
5182:
5094:
5092:
5090:
4759:
4757:
4732:
4730:
4664:
4662:
4649:
4647:
4645:
4541:
4539:
4514:
4512:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4269:, p. 287, information on the specific names of the units.
4150:
3756:
3576:
3564:
3540:
3504:
3396:
3073:
3071:
8700:
5967:
5965:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4116:
4114:
4112:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3746:
3744:
3492:
3264:
3182:
3180:
2743:
1786:
1595:
attacked across the Psel River and secured a bridgehead. The
1339:
Strategic discussions also occurred on the German side, with
1148:
5771:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5288:
3348:
3324:
3228:
3192:
3099:
3097:
2792:
2738:
irrecoverable losses: 222 T-34s, 89 T-70s, 12 Churchills, 8
2292:
inflicted grievous losses on Soviet tanks. The Stuka wings,
6833:. London; Portland, OR: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass).
6025:
5823:
5720:
5708:
5677:
5641:
5541:
5505:
5469:
5457:
5331:
5319:
5179:
5167:
5087:
5060:
4915:
4913:
4898:
4886:
4838:
4754:
4727:
4659:
4642:
4575:
4536:
4509:
4485:
4443:
4426:
4323:
3935:
3889:
3887:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3552:
3068:
2626:
2044:
2040:
1802:
1492:
5962:
5604:
5602:
5600:
4973:
4620:
4618:
4182:
4109:
4034:
4022:
3988:
3986:
3966:
3911:
3840:
3741:
3729:
3717:
3665:
3456:
3432:
3372:
3177:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3151:
2652:, and the division was hastily redeployed to Italy, while
2539:. He ordered his generals to terminate Operation Citadel.
1242:
on its eastern flank, attacked the Soviet defences of the
57:
on the eve of the engagement of 12 July. Positions of the
6377:
The Battle for Kursk 1943: The Soviet General Staff Study
5285:
5256:
5036:
5024:
4961:
4949:
4925:
4686:
3636:
3288:
3094:
2660:
were dispatched south to meet the new Soviet offensives.
2507:
On 13 July Hitler summoned Manstein and the commander of
1188:
In April 1943, the German leadership began preparing for
5309:
5307:
5226:
5224:
5199:
5197:
5077:
5075:
4910:
4793:
4781:
4769:
4289:
4287:
3884:
3792:
3780:
3693:
3648:
3600:
3588:
3480:
3444:
3312:
3057:
3055:
3053:
2818:
2394:
was unable to conduct its planned offensive manoeuvres.
6449:
6393:
Collection of Materials for the Study of War Experience
5902:
5868:
5866:
5799:
5696:
5597:
5556:
5481:
5346:
5215:
5104:
4985:
4850:
4705:
4703:
4701:
4615:
4587:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4049:
3983:
3148:
1746:
attack had disrupted the Soviet positions, after which
1266:
The Red Army went on a general offensive by conducting
7772:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
6354:
Operation Barbarossa: Hitler's Invasion of Russia 1941
6037:
5997:
5732:
5653:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4138:
4087:
4085:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3874:
3872:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3468:
2455:
2277:, attacked the Soviet formations. They were joined by
406:
340 tanks and self-propelled guns destroyed or damaged
10401:
6403:
5890:
5878:
5744:
5629:
5445:
5394:
5382:
5370:
5358:
5304:
5221:
5194:
5072:
4742:
4715:
4563:
4551:
4414:
4299:
4284:
4272:
3609:, pp. 68, 279, map on page 68 shows 18–20 miles.
3420:
3360:
3276:
3050:
1930:, which included 15 Tigers. The armoured strength of
1204:
repeatedly delayed launching the attack so that more
6450:
Molony, C. J. C.; Flynn, F. C.; Davies, H. L. &
6272:
When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler
5863:
4937:
4874:
4862:
4816:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4698:
4674:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4046:
3923:
3899:
3828:
3768:
3705:
3516:
3408:
3384:
3300:
3252:
3240:
3204:
2857:
2855:
2594:
following house-to-house and hand-to-hand fighting.
2010:
in the 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) gap between it and
1563:
6909:"A Visual Examination of the Battle of Prokhorovka"
6763:
Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War
5517:
5421:
4236:
4224:
4106:, pp. 196–197, photo caption in picture pages.
4082:
3947:
3869:
3852:
3216:
3136:
Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, pp. 193, 200, 202-04
2689:attributed six permanent tank losses, not counting
2502:
1155:, during the Second World War. Taking place on the
6733:
6571:
6269:
6095:US Army's Center for Strategy and Force Evaluation
6061:
5841:
5765:
5671:
5591:
5579:
5499:
5415:
5006:
4530:
4479:
4408:
4341:
4317:
4076:
3822:
3630:
3115:
3039:
3037:
2965:
2940:
2890:
2870:
2687:US Army's Center for Strategy and Force Evaluation
2570:were to anchor the western and northern flanks of
1292:(blue arrows) to cut off the Kursk salient into a
6959:Prokhorovka – The Unknown Battle of the Great War
6831:Soviet Operational Art: In Pursuit of Deep Battle
6785:The Wehrmacht Retreats: Fighting a Lost War, 1943
6405:Sbornik materialov po izucheniyu opyta voyny № 11
6337:. Hoboken, NJ: Taylor & Francis (Routledge).
4805:
4199:
2852:
1459:, defended the southern face of the salient. The
390:43–80 tanks and assault guns destroyed or damaged
10425:
6717:Prokhorovka: The Unknown Battle of the Great War
3078:
2427:
10439:Battles and operations of the Soviet–German War
6955:Прохоровка – неизвестное сражение великой войны
6397:Сборник материалов по изучению опыта войны № 11
6375:Glantz, David M.; Orenstein, Harold S. (1999).
6374:
6124:[60 years ago: Prokhorovka (Part II)].
5920:
5018:
4380:, pp. 171–172, reports 35 Churchill tanks.
3534:
3342:
3034:
2417:, Stalin eventually changed his mind after the
2026:
1883:
7011:"Maps of the Battle of Prokhorovka, July 1943"
6713:Прохоровка. Неизвестное сражение Великой войны
6314:Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan M. (2004) .
6233:"Soviet Defensive Tactics at Kursk, July 1943"
6142:Kursk: The Greatest Battle: Eastern Front 1943
3023:The 23rd Guards Rifle Corps bore the brunt of
2787:
1797:tanks had in the range and firepower of their
1196:and destroying the Soviet forces in the Kursk
447:Location of Prokhorovka within European Russia
170:
66:and a tributary of the Northern Donets River).
7126:
6852:. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass).
6734:Zetterling, Niklas; Frankson, Anders (2000).
6622:
6379:. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass).
6295:Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan M. (1999).
6015:
5849:
1436:formations. Three belts made up of extensive
1317:
1049:
472:
434:
6574:Russia's War: A History of the Soviet Effort
6502:"Kursk Reconsidered: Germany's Lost Victory"
6318:. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
6299:. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
3645:, pp. 8.5–8.6, places it at 23 km.
2981:The 33rd Guards Rifle Corps was part of the
1300:, the initial redeployment positions of the
16:Part of Battle of Kursk, World War II (1943)
6869:The War Aims and Strategies of Adolf Hitler
6313:
6294:
6263:
5956:
5944:
5932:
5845:
5829:
5817:
5726:
5647:
5511:
5463:
5439:
5340:
5325:
5279:
5188:
5173:
5161:
5149:
5137:
5125:
5098:
5066:
5054:
4892:
4844:
4832:
4763:
4736:
4653:
4636:
4605:
4581:
4545:
4518:
4503:
4491:
4458:
4437:
4389:
4353:
4329:
4266:
4193:
4168:
4156:
4132:
4103:
4040:
4028:
4016:
4004:
3977:
3917:
3846:
3810:
3762:
3750:
3671:
3618:
3582:
3570:
3546:
3510:
3462:
3438:
3402:
3378:
3354:
3330:
3294:
3234:
3198:
3103:
3028:
3011:
3007:
2990:
2986:
2969:
2944:
2936:
2920:
2886:
2878:
2866:
2368:
1779:
1713:
7133:
7119:
6625:Field Marshal von Manstein: The Janus Head
4392:, p. 328, reports 31 Churchill tanks.
3062:
1147:, 87 kilometres (54 mi) southeast of
1056:
1042:
479:
465:
47:
10444:Battles of World War II involving Germany
7056:"Kursk and Prokhorovka, July 1943 (maps)"
6924:
6623:Stein, Marcel; Fairbank, Gwyneth (2007).
6596:
6241:US Army Command and General Staff College
6100:
4955:
4931:
4919:
4904:
4692:
4668:
4120:
3992:
3171:
3145:Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, pp. 466-67
2955:
2953:
2911:
2909:
2793:Size of the tank battle and German losses
2515:, to his Eastern Front headquarters, the
2253:gained control of the air. Formations of
155:
7077:"The Battle of Kursk: Myths and Reality"
6993:] (in Russian). 1998. Archived from
6933:
6906:
6787:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
6641:
6126:Österreichische Militärische Zeitschrift
6068:. St. Paul, MN: MBI Publishing Company.
5991:
5899:, p. 43, mentions over 2,000 tanks.
5853:
3017:
2931:
2929:
2728:
2663:
2372:
1887:
1764:
1618:
1567:
1511:
1496:
1493:German advance leading up to Prokhorovka
1283:
1127:
10464:Tank battles involving the Soviet Union
6961:] (in Russian). Moscow: Khranitel.
6952:
6760:
6710:
6679:
6660:
6181:
6059:
6031:
6019:
5987:
5908:
5872:
5857:
5805:
5777:
5714:
5702:
5690:
5608:
5550:
5535:
5487:
5475:
5352:
5246:
5110:
4856:
4624:
4593:
4144:
3941:
3735:
3723:
3699:
3687:
3558:
3474:
3450:
3426:
3186:
2862:
2499:completed its withdrawal by nightfall.
2006:placed its lightly armed 1st SS-Panzer
1159:, the engagement was part of the wider
10426:
8980:
8958:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
7074:
6888:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies
6885:
6866:
6847:
6825:
6779:
6683:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies
6646:. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company.
6627:. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company.
6476:
6351:
6332:
6227:
6122:"Vor 60 Jahren: Prochorowka (Teil II)"
6103:Kursk – The Air Battle: July 1943
6082:
6003:
5971:
5896:
5623:
5562:
5451:
3683:
3642:
3366:
3282:
3258:
3000:
2950:
2906:
2203:. Assault guns and panzers supporting
1556:the first and second defensive belts.
9829:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
9261:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
8907:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
8863:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
7968:Rape during the occupation of Germany
7114:
6801:
6566:
6430:
6411:
6144:. London: Headline Publishing Group.
6136:
6119:
6064:Kursk: The Greatest Tank Battle, 1943
5983:
5884:
5789:
5750:
5635:
5400:
5388:
5376:
5364:
5313:
5298:
5262:
5250:
5230:
5203:
5081:
5042:
5030:
4979:
4967:
4748:
4721:
4569:
4557:
4420:
4377:
4305:
4293:
4278:
4218:
4172:
4059:
3929:
3905:
3893:
3834:
3798:
3786:
3774:
3711:
3659:
3621:, p. 130, map shows 18–20 miles.
3606:
3594:
3522:
3498:
3486:
3414:
3390:
3318:
3306:
3270:
3246:
3222:
3210:
3127:Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, p. 207
2994:
2975:
2961:
2926:
2882:
2819:Impetus for the attack at Prokhorovka
2318:units to carry out pinpoint attacks.
1914:divisions of the II SS-Panzer Corps:
1037:
460:
409:3,563 men killed, wounded and missing
8951:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
7983:Rape during the liberation of France
6543:
6524:
6499:
6158:
6043:
5793:
5738:
5659:
5523:
5427:
5242:
4991:
4943:
4880:
4868:
4820:
4799:
4787:
4775:
4709:
4680:
4365:
4249:
4230:
4176:
4091:
3960:
3878:
3863:
3044:
2874:
2721:, of which 6 were total write-offs.
2113:
1801:. He believed the more manoeuvrable
6719:] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza.
6335:Soviet Military Intelligence in War
2546:
2464:. These Soviet attacks preoccupied
2456:Further fighting around Prokhorovka
1991:was positioned to the northwest of
1694:was exposed on both of its flanks.
1635:, which had been reinforced by the
1063:
393:842 men killed, wounded and missing
53:Soviet and German deployments near
13:
9177:German invasion of the Netherlands
7457:Weather events during World War II
7053:
7033:Kursk 1943: A Statistical Analysis
6754:
6736:Kursk 1943: A Statistical Analysis
6105:. Hersham, UK: Chevron/Ian Allan.
3079:§ Misconceptions and disputes
2831:
2281:single engine fighter-bombers and
1872:
1834:, commanded by Lieutenant General
14:
10490:
9808:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
6986:Прохоровское сражение (июль 1943)
6977:
6460:The Mediterranean and Middle East
6435:. Stroud, UK: The History Press.
6416:. Stroud, UK: The History Press.
3537:, p. 228, gives 320 km.
3525:, p. 296, gives 390 km.
1723:very difficult. The plan was for
1666:("October") State Farm (Russian:
1564:German attack towards Prokhorovka
1415:and its major air formation, the
486:
10411:
10368:
7140:
6529:. Stamford, CT: RZM Publishing.
4368:, p. 39, reports 850 tanks.
2778:Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev
2503:Termination of Operation Citadel
2483:State Farm towards Prokhorovka.
2210:6th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment
2067:6th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment
2047:light tanks, with some 31 to 35
1611:2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Division
1597:1st SS-Panzergrenadier Division
1590:3rd SS-Panzergrenadier Division
1288:Map showing the German plan for
1268:Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev
1143:was fought on 12 July 1943 near
555:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
433:
426:
396:19 aircraft destroyed or damaged
281:3rd SS-Panzergrenadier Division
273:2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Division
265:1st SS-Panzergrenadier Division
172:
157:
6913:Journal of Intelligence History
6052:
3139:
3130:
3121:
2644:tanks were distributed between
1983:was positioned to the south of
1879:Battle of Kursk order of battle
1818:tanks that were armed with the
10459:Tank battles involving Germany
10055:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
7765:Territorial changes of Germany
7673:Indonesian National Revolution
6991:Prokhorovka battle (July 1943)
6500:Nipe, George (February 1998).
6189:. Vol. VIII. Oxford, UK:
6060:Barbier, Mary Kathryn (2002).
5842:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5766:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5672:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5592:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5580:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5500:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5416:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
5007:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4639:, p. 188, in Moscow Time.
4531:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4480:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4409:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4342:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4318:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
4077:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
3823:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
3631:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
3116:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
2966:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
2941:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
2896:
2891:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
2871:Zetterling & Frankson 2000
1:
9455:Japanese invasion of Thailand
9406:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
9170:German invasion of Luxembourg
7551:Mediterranean and Middle East
6926:10.1080/16161262.2019.1606545
6900:10.1080/13518046.2021.1990559
2840:
2428:Following the main engagement
2243:
1599:Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
1585:, which was set for 12 July.
1392:, would drive northward. The
1273:
267:Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
10469:Tank battles of World War II
9362:Invasion of the Soviet Union
9051:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
8369:Independent State of Croatia
6871:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
6696:10.1080/13518046.2012.730391
6161:Kursk: Hitler's Gamble, 1943
6101:Bergström, Christer (2007).
5626:, pp. 5.1–5.4, 8.5–8.6.
3088:
3063:§ Casualties and losses
2228:. Twenty of his battalion's
2131:9th Guards Airborne Division
2027:Disposition of Soviet forces
1884:Disposition of German forces
1772:, commanding officer of the
1637:9th Guards Airborne Division
1312:After the conclusion of the
139:
7:
10346:End of World War II in Asia
10186:Western invasion of Germany
9693:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
9670:Second Battle of El Alamein
9240:Hundred Regiments Offensive
9212:Battle of the Mediterranean
9065:Italian invasion of Albania
7239:Air warfare of World War II
7075:Licari, Michael J. (2004).
6811:. New York: Penguin Books.
6404:
5921:Glantz & Orenstein 1999
5019:Glantz & Orenstein 1999
3535:Glantz & Orenstein 1999
3343:Glantz & Orenstein 1999
2788:Misconceptions and disputes
2733:Destroyed Soviet T-34, 1943
2448:attack from the northwest.
2043:, while the remainder were
1867:5th Guards Mechanised Corps
1708:
318:5th Guards Mechanised Corps
10:
10495:
10479:History of Belgorod Oblast
10454:July 1943 events in Europe
10272:Naval bombardment of Japan
9640:First Battle of El Alamein
9559:Battle of Christmas Island
9504:Japanese invasion of Burma
9268:Italian invasion of Greece
9184:German invasion of Belgium
9156:German invasion of Denmark
9129:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
8998:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
7262:Comparative military ranks
6953:Zamulin, Valeriy (2006).
6278:University Press of Kansas
3014:, pp. 166, 195, 417).
2766:
2550:
2419:Chief of the General Staff
1876:
1645:95th Guards Rifle Division
1277:
1256:armoured fighting vehicles
353:95th Guards Rifle Division
10361:
10193:Bratislava–Brno offensive
10133:
10124:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
9861:
9748:Allied invasion of Sicily
9702:
9608:Aleutian Islands campaign
9580:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
9527:
9518:Greek famine of 1941–1944
9413:Second Battle of Changsha
9318:German invasion of Greece
9286:
9163:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
9138:
9076:
8971:
8852:
8578:
8488:
8336:
8039:
8030:
7788:
7613:
7505:North and Central Pacific
7466:
7228:
7221:
7148:
6711:Zamulin, Valeriy (2017).
6661:Zamulin, Valeriy (2011).
6396:
6016:Stein & Fairbank 2007
5850:Stein & Fairbank 2007
5594:, pp. 105, 110, 247.
2724:
2679:
2525:Allied invasion of Sicily
2268:, that were commanded by
2086:
1667:
1075:
496:
421:
379:
360:
251:
186:
149:
70:
46:
30:
25:
10434:1943 in the Soviet Union
9785:Allied invasion of Italy
9762:Solomon Islands campaign
9511:Third Battle of Changsha
9108:First Battle of Changsha
9014:Second Sino-Japanese War
7954:German military brothels
7820:United States war crimes
6985:
6954:
6642:Schranck, David (2013).
3501:, pp. 407, 256–260.
3273:, pp. 194, 196–197.
2845:
2369:Result of the engagement
2168:State Farm, threatening
2008:Reconnaissance Battalion
1780:Soviet plans for 12 July
1714:German plans for 12 July
1658:By day's end on 11 July
1192:, with the objective of
10207:Second Guangxi campaign
10062:Philippines (1944–1945)
9566:Battle of the Coral Sea
9469:Fall of the Philippines
9115:Battle of South Guangxi
9021:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
8427:Italian Social Republic
6761:Bellamy, Chris (2007).
6477:Newton, Steven (2002).
6356:. Gloucestershire, UK:
6191:Oxford University Press
6083:Bauman, Walter (1998).
5957:Glantz & House 2004
5945:Glantz & House 1999
5933:Glantz & House 2004
5846:Glantz & House 2004
5830:Glantz & House 1995
5818:Glantz & House 2004
5727:Glantz & House 1995
5648:Glantz & House 1999
5512:Glantz & House 2004
5464:Glantz & House 2004
5440:Glantz & House 2004
5341:Glantz & House 2004
5326:Glantz & House 2004
5280:Glantz & House 2004
5189:Glantz & House 2004
5174:Glantz & House 2004
5162:Glantz & House 2004
5150:Glantz & House 2004
5138:Glantz & House 2004
5126:Glantz & House 2004
5099:Glantz & House 2004
5067:Glantz & House 2004
5055:Glantz & House 2004
4893:Glantz & House 2004
4845:Glantz & House 2004
4833:Glantz & House 2004
4764:Glantz & House 2004
4737:Glantz & House 2004
4654:Glantz & House 2004
4637:Glantz & House 2004
4606:Glantz & House 2004
4582:Glantz & House 2004
4546:Glantz & House 2004
4519:Glantz & House 2004
4504:Glantz & House 2004
4492:Glantz & House 2004
4459:Glantz & House 2004
4438:Glantz & House 2004
4390:Glantz & House 2004
4354:Glantz & House 2004
4330:Glantz & House 2004
4267:Glantz & House 2004
4194:Glantz & House 2004
4169:Glantz & House 2004
4157:Glantz & House 2004
4133:Glantz & House 2004
4104:Glantz & House 2004
4041:Glantz & House 2004
4029:Glantz & House 2004
4017:Glantz & House 2004
4005:Glantz & House 2004
3978:Glantz & House 2004
3918:Glantz & House 1999
3847:Glantz & House 2004
3811:Glantz & House 2004
3763:Glantz & House 2004
3751:Glantz & House 2004
3672:Glantz & House 2004
3619:Glantz & House 2004
3583:Glantz & House 2004
3571:Glantz & House 2004
3547:Glantz & House 2004
3511:Glantz & House 2004
3463:Glantz & House 2004
3439:Glantz & House 2004
3403:Glantz & House 2004
3379:Glantz & House 2004
3355:Glantz & House 2004
3331:Glantz & House 2004
3295:Glantz & House 2004
3235:Glantz & House 2004
3199:Glantz & House 2004
3104:Glantz & House 2004
3029:Glantz & House 2004
3012:Glantz & House 2004
3008:Glantz & House 2004
2991:Glantz & House 2004
2987:Glantz & House 2004
2970:Glantz & House 2004
2945:Glantz & House 2004
2937:Glantz & House 2004
2921:Glantz & House 2004
2887:Glantz & House 2004
2879:Glantz & House 2004
2867:Glantz & House 2004
2719:anti-aircraft artillery
2402:back the next morning.
2381:By the end of the day,
2336:The 31st Tank Brigade,
1838:and Lieutenant General
1540:33rd Guards Rifle Corps
1481:and Lieutenant General
1425:Oberkommando des Heeres
343:23rd Guards Rifle Corps
328:33rd Guards Rifle Corps
9792:Armistice of Cassibile
9594:Battle of Dutch Harbor
9545:Battle of the Java Sea
9448:Attack on Pearl Harbor
9348:Syria–Lebanon campaign
9341:Battle of South Shanxi
9311:Invasion of Yugoslavia
9094:Battle of the Atlantic
8708:Korean Liberation Army
8421:(until September 1943)
8378:(until September 1944)
8356:(until September 1944)
7097:"Strengths and Losses"
6934:Wheatley, Ben (2023).
6907:Wheatley, Ben (2019).
6867:Pinkus, Oscar (2005).
6848:Glantz, David (1991).
6808:The Third Reich at War
6352:Glantz, David (2012).
6333:Glantz, David (2013).
6120:Brand, Dieter (2003).
3045:§ Opposing forces
2734:
2613:On 17 July the Soviet
2378:
2180:from anti-tank teams.
1905:
1776:
1624:
1573:
1517:
1509:
1318:
1309:
1221:. The army group, the
1181:in one of the largest
1163:and occurred when the
1136:
1100:Polkovodets Rumyantsev
187:Commanders and leaders
10474:Prokhorovsky District
9956:Second Battle of Guam
9852:Bengal famine of 1943
9822:Second Battle of Kiev
9778:Battle of the Dnieper
9483:Battle of Wake Island
9355:East African campaign
9297:Battle of South Henan
8942:atrocities by Germans
8715:Korean Volunteer Army
7696:Occupation of Germany
7450:Music in World War II
6938:. Osprey Publishing.
6548:. Mechanicsburg, PA:
6544:Nipe, George (2012).
6525:Nipe, George (2010).
6431:Healy, Mark (2010) .
6159:Dunn, Walter (1997).
2947:, pp. 179, 181).
2732:
2706:and one belonging to
2664:Casualties and losses
2537:Mediterranean theatre
2376:
2149:Rudolf von Ribbentrop
2091:At 05:45 on 12 July,
2049:Churchill heavy tanks
1898:Sd.Kfz. 251 halftrack
1891:
1768:
1622:
1571:
1515:
1500:
1398:Army Detachment Kempf
1372:XXXXVIII Panzer Corps
1360:Unternehmen Zitadelle
1314:battle for the Donets
1287:
1240:Army Detachment Kempf
1141:Battle of Prokhorovka
1131:
380:Casualties and losses
308:2nd Guards Tank Corps
119:51.03639°N 36.73639°E
26:Battle of Prokhorovka
10242:Surrender of Germany
9720:Battle of West Hubei
9677:Guadalcanal campaign
9647:Battle of Stalingrad
9573:Battle of Madagascar
8347:Albania protectorate
8134:(formerly Swaziland)
7843:Wehrmacht war crimes
7659:Expulsion of Germans
7443:Art and World War II
7341:British contribution
7290:Governments in exile
6598:Showalter, Dennis E.
6412:Healy, Mark (2008).
5986:, pp. 336–337;
5820:, pp. 272, 280.
5780:, pp. 553, 561.
5674:, pp. 103, 105.
5502:, pp. 139, 218.
5442:, pp. 204, 223.
5140:, pp. 209, 216.
4982:, pp. 381, 389.
4135:, pp. 317, 321.
4019:, pp. 178, 198.
4007:, pp. 323, 326.
3944:, pp. 284, 320.
3813:, pp. 169, 171.
3561:, pp. 166, 168.
3031:, pp. 94, 167).
3025:the German offensive
2808:Operation Barbarossa
2422:Aleksandr Vasilevsky
1774:5th Guards Tank Army
1609:and Hill 241.6. The
1487:5th Guards Tank Army
1304:("5. GpzA") and the
1302:5th Guards Tank Army
1228:On 5 July 1943, the
1165:5th Guards Tank Army
1132:German tanks during
444:class=notpageimage|
292:5th Guards Tank Army
10332:Potsdam Declaration
10221:Italy (Spring 1945)
9984:Liberation of Paris
9441:Siege of Sevastopol
8459:(until August 1944)
8362:Wang Jingwei regime
8184:from September 1943
8144:from September 1944
8082:from September 1944
7942:Romanian war crimes
7933:Persecution of Jews
7919:Croatian war crimes
7889:Japanese war crimes
7703:Occupation of Japan
7652:First Indochina War
7364:Military production
7276:Declarations of war
6395:, No. 11 (Russian:
6316:The Battle of Kursk
6297:The Battle of Kursk
6183:Frieser, Karl-Heinz
6132:on 1 November 2014.
6034:, pp. 173–174.
5974:, pp. 357–369.
5959:, pp. 146–147.
5947:, pp. 138–147.
5935:, pp. 138–147.
5768:, pp. 108–109.
5717:, pp. 804–805.
5693:, pp. 536–538.
5553:, pp. 531–532.
5478:, pp. 514–515.
5301:, pp. 397–398.
5282:, pp. 217–218.
5265:, pp. 395–397.
5253:, pp. 395–397.
5164:, pp. 214–215.
5152:, pp. 212–214.
5128:, pp. 209–210.
5057:, pp. 213–214.
5045:, pp. 391–392.
5033:, pp. 390–391.
4970:, pp. 388–389.
4835:, pp. 188–189.
4802:, pp. 330–331.
4790:, pp. 329–330.
4778:, pp. 332–333.
4506:, pp. 180–181.
4411:, pp. 106–107.
4320:, pp. 48, 101.
4159:, pp. 198–200.
3896:, pp. 352–353.
3801:, pp. 350–353.
3789:, pp. 308–309.
3765:, pp. 164–165.
3738:, pp. 261–262.
3726:, pp. 258–260.
3662:, pp. 322–323.
3597:, pp. 297–299.
3585:, pp. 134–135.
3573:, pp. 133–135.
3549:, pp. 166–167.
3513:, pp. 138–139.
3489:, pp. 256–260.
3405:, pp. 269–272.
3321:, pp. 188–192.
3189:, pp. 802–804.
2145:Obersturmbannführer
2037:self-propelled guns
2017:SS-Untersturmführer
1757:right, elements of
1739:were to wait until
1631:was checked by the
762:Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh
663:Barvenkovo–Lozovaya
374:self-propelled guns
115: /
10325:Surrender of Japan
10158:Battle of Iwo Jima
10007:Belgrade offensive
9420:Siege of Leningrad
9304:Battle of Shanggao
9233:British Somaliland
9198:Dunkirk evacuation
9149:Norwegian campaign
9087:Invasion of Poland
8914:Japanese prisoners
7882:Italian war crimes
7813:British war crimes
7728:Soviet occupations
7512:South-West Pacific
7399:Allied cooperation
7357:Military equipment
6264:Glantz, David M.;
6231:(September 1986).
5990:, pp. 29–33;
5216:Molony et al. 2004
4994:, pp. 48, 52.
4608:, p. 187, in
3345:, pp. 41, 49.
2748:Karl-Heinz Frieser
2735:
2713:Schlachtgeschwader
2379:
2324:Panzerjägerstaffel
2236:withdrew from the
2226:anti-tank grenades
2137:"). The troops of
1906:
1820:7.5 cm KwK 40
1777:
1682:. To the south of
1668:Совхоз Октябрьский
1625:
1574:
1518:
1510:
1472:Lieutenant General
1383:II SS-Panzer Corps
1344:Erich von Manstein
1310:
1298:II SS-Panzer Corps
1173:II SS-Panzer Corps
1137:
957:Western Carpathian
897:2nd Jassy–Kishinev
867:1st Jassy–Kishinev
852:Leningrad–Novgorod
847:Dnieper–Carpathian
259:II SS-Panzer Corps
124:51.03639; 36.73639
59:II SS-Panzer Corps
10449:Conflicts in 1943
10399:
10398:
10357:
10356:
10200:Battle of Okinawa
10099:Burma (1944–1945)
9933:Mariana and Palau
9713:Tunisian campaign
9538:Fall of Singapore
9462:Fall of Hong Kong
9205:Battle of Britain
9058:Operation Himmler
8967:
8966:
8631:Dutch East Indies
8274:Southern Rhodesia
8026:
8025:
7926:Genocide of Serbs
7829:German war crimes
7806:Soviet war crimes
7799:Allied war crimes
7645:Division of Korea
7624:Chinese Civil War
7422:Strategic bombing
7334:Manhattan Project
7017:on 5 January 2014
6878:978-0-7864-2054-4
6859:978-0-7146-3350-3
6818:978-0-14-311671-4
6794:978-0-7006-1826-2
6781:Citino, Robert M.
6772:978-0-330-48808-2
6726:978-5-906716-63-7
6672:978-1-906033-89-7
6653:978-1-909384-54-5
6634:978-1-906033-02-6
6615:978-0-8129-9465-0
6559:978-0-8117-1162-3
6536:978-0-9748389-4-6
6512:on 10 August 2015
6481:. Cambridge, MA:
6456:Butler, Sir James
6442:978-0-7524-5716-1
6423:978-1-85532-211-0
6402:
6367:978-0-7524-6070-3
6358:The History Press
6344:978-1-136-28934-7
6325:978-0-7006-1335-9
6306:978-0-7006-0978-9
6287:978-0-7006-0899-7
6200:978-0-19-103514-2
6174:978-0-275-95733-9
6151:978-0-7553-3639-5
6112:978-1-903223-88-8
6075:978-0-7603-1254-4
6046:, pp. 39–40.
5741:, pp. 85–86.
5662:, pp. 60–61.
5218:, pp. 55–65.
4907:, pp. 79–81.
4671:, pp. 79–80.
4123:, pp. 78–81.
3702:, pp. 29–33.
3690:, pp. 29–33.
3453:, pp. 89–90.
3357:, pp. 60–63.
3333:, pp. 63–65.
3237:, pp. 23–25.
3201:, pp. 28–29.
2623:a major offensive
2513:Günther von Kluge
2509:Army Group Centre
2415:military tribunal
2316:close air support
2279:Focke-Wulf Fw 190
2275:Hans-Ulrich Rudel
2133:on their hulls ("
2114:Ground engagement
1946:, four were with
1583:Operation Kutuzov
1442:anti-tank ditches
1364:Operation Citadel
1290:Operation Citadel
1251:Operation Kutuzov
1190:Operation Citadel
1134:Operation Citadel
1123:
1122:
1031:
1030:
455:
454:
145:
144:
10486:
10416:
10415:
10414:
10407:
10392:
10385:
10378:
10375:World portal
10373:
10372:
10348:
10341:
10334:
10327:
10318:
10311:
10304:
10295:
10288:
10281:
10274:
10267:
10260:
10251:
10244:
10237:
10235:Prague offensive
10230:
10228:Battle of Berlin
10223:
10216:
10209:
10202:
10195:
10188:
10181:
10174:
10172:Vienna offensive
10167:
10160:
10153:
10151:Battle of Manila
10146:
10126:
10117:
10108:
10101:
10092:
10085:
10078:
10071:
10064:
10057:
10050:
10041:
10032:
10025:
10016:
10009:
10002:
9995:
9986:
9979:
9972:
9965:
9958:
9951:
9944:
9935:
9928:
9919:
9910:
9901:
9894:
9892:Korsun–Cherkassy
9887:
9876:
9854:
9845:
9838:
9831:
9824:
9817:
9810:
9803:
9794:
9787:
9780:
9773:
9764:
9757:
9750:
9743:
9736:
9734:Bombing of Gorky
9729:
9722:
9715:
9695:
9688:
9679:
9672:
9665:
9656:
9649:
9642:
9635:
9624:
9617:
9610:
9603:
9601:Battle of Midway
9596:
9589:
9587:Battle of Gazala
9582:
9575:
9568:
9561:
9554:
9547:
9540:
9520:
9513:
9506:
9499:
9497:Battle of Borneo
9492:
9490:Malayan campaign
9485:
9478:
9471:
9464:
9457:
9450:
9443:
9436:
9434:Bombing of Gorky
9429:
9427:Battle of Moscow
9422:
9415:
9408:
9401:
9394:
9387:
9371:
9364:
9357:
9350:
9343:
9336:
9327:
9320:
9313:
9306:
9299:
9279:
9270:
9263:
9256:
9249:
9242:
9235:
9228:
9221:
9214:
9207:
9200:
9193:
9191:Battle of France
9186:
9179:
9172:
9165:
9158:
9151:
9131:
9124:
9117:
9110:
9103:
9096:
9089:
9067:
9060:
9053:
9046:
9044:Munich Agreement
9039:
9032:
9023:
9016:
9009:
9000:
8993:
8978:
8977:
8960:
8953:
8944:
8937:
8930:
8929:Soviet prisoners
8923:
8916:
8909:
8900:
8893:
8884:
8877:
8870:
8869:German prisoners
8865:
8845:
8836:
8829:
8822:
8817:
8810:
8803:
8796:
8789:
8782:
8775:
8768:
8761:
8754:
8747:
8740:
8733:
8726:
8717:
8710:
8703:
8696:
8689:
8682:
8675:
8668:
8661:
8654:
8647:
8640:
8633:
8626:
8619:
8612:
8605:
8598:
8591:
8571:
8564:
8557:
8550:
8543:
8536:
8529:
8522:
8515:
8508:
8501:
8481:
8474:
8467:
8460:
8452:
8445:
8438:
8429:
8422:
8414:
8407:
8405:French Indochina
8400:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8371:
8364:
8357:
8349:
8329:
8320:
8313:
8304:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8276:
8269:
8262:
8255:
8252:from August 1944
8243:
8236:
8229:
8222:
8215:
8208:
8201:
8194:
8187:
8175:
8168:
8161:
8154:
8147:
8135:
8127:
8120:
8113:
8106:
8099:
8092:
8085:
8073:
8066:
8059:
8052:
8037:
8036:
8017:
8010:
8003:
7996:
7989:
7978:
7963:
7956:
7949:
7944:
7935:
7928:
7921:
7912:
7905:
7898:
7896:Nanjing Massacre
7891:
7884:
7875:
7873:Nuremberg trials
7866:
7859:
7852:
7845:
7838:
7831:
7822:
7815:
7808:
7801:
7781:
7774:
7767:
7758:
7751:
7744:
7737:
7730:
7723:
7714:
7705:
7698:
7691:
7684:
7675:
7668:
7661:
7654:
7647:
7640:
7633:
7626:
7606:
7597:
7590:
7583:
7574:
7567:
7560:
7553:
7544:
7537:
7530:
7521:
7514:
7507:
7500:
7493:
7486:
7479:
7477:Asia and Pacific
7459:
7452:
7445:
7438:
7431:
7424:
7417:
7408:
7406:Mulberry harbour
7401:
7394:
7387:
7380:
7373:
7366:
7359:
7352:
7343:
7336:
7329:
7320:
7313:
7306:
7299:
7292:
7285:
7278:
7271:
7264:
7257:
7248:
7241:
7226:
7225:
7214:
7207:
7198:
7191:
7184:
7177:
7170:
7163:
7156:
7135:
7128:
7121:
7112:
7111:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7092:
7090:
7088:
7079:. Archived from
7071:
7069:
7067:
7062:on 20 April 2012
7058:. Archived from
7050:
7048:
7046:
7041:on 30 April 2015
7037:. Archived from
7026:
7024:
7022:
7013:. Archived from
7006:
7004:
7002:
6972:
6949:
6930:
6928:
6903:
6882:
6863:
6844:
6822:
6798:
6776:
6749:
6730:
6707:
6676:
6657:
6638:
6619:
6593:
6577:
6563:
6540:
6521:
6519:
6517:
6508:. Archived from
6496:
6473:
6446:
6427:
6407:
6401:romanized:
6400:
6398:
6390:
6371:
6348:
6329:
6310:
6291:
6276:. Lawrence, KS:
6275:
6260:
6258:
6252:. Archived from
6237:
6229:Glantz, David M.
6224:
6218:
6214:
6212:
6204:
6178:
6163:. Westport, CT:
6155:
6133:
6116:
6092:
6091:on 20 June 2013.
6079:
6067:
6047:
6041:
6035:
6029:
6023:
6013:
6007:
6001:
5995:
5981:
5975:
5969:
5960:
5954:
5948:
5942:
5936:
5930:
5924:
5918:
5912:
5906:
5900:
5894:
5888:
5882:
5876:
5870:
5861:
5839:
5833:
5827:
5821:
5815:
5809:
5803:
5797:
5787:
5781:
5775:
5769:
5763:
5754:
5748:
5742:
5736:
5730:
5724:
5718:
5712:
5706:
5700:
5694:
5688:
5675:
5669:
5663:
5657:
5651:
5645:
5639:
5633:
5627:
5621:
5612:
5606:
5595:
5589:
5583:
5577:
5566:
5560:
5554:
5548:
5539:
5533:
5527:
5521:
5515:
5509:
5503:
5497:
5491:
5485:
5479:
5473:
5467:
5461:
5455:
5449:
5443:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5404:
5398:
5392:
5386:
5380:
5374:
5368:
5362:
5356:
5350:
5344:
5338:
5329:
5323:
5317:
5311:
5302:
5296:
5283:
5277:
5266:
5260:
5254:
5240:
5234:
5228:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5192:
5186:
5177:
5171:
5165:
5159:
5153:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5123:
5114:
5108:
5102:
5096:
5085:
5079:
5070:
5064:
5058:
5052:
5046:
5040:
5034:
5028:
5022:
5016:
5010:
5004:
4995:
4989:
4983:
4977:
4971:
4965:
4959:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4935:
4929:
4923:
4917:
4908:
4902:
4896:
4890:
4884:
4878:
4872:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4848:
4842:
4836:
4830:
4824:
4818:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4761:
4752:
4746:
4740:
4734:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4707:
4696:
4690:
4684:
4678:
4672:
4666:
4657:
4651:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4622:
4613:
4603:
4597:
4591:
4585:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4549:
4543:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4516:
4507:
4501:
4495:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4462:
4456:
4441:
4435:
4424:
4418:
4412:
4406:
4393:
4387:
4381:
4375:
4369:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4345:
4339:
4333:
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4303:
4297:
4291:
4282:
4276:
4270:
4264:
4253:
4247:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4197:
4191:
4180:
4166:
4160:
4154:
4148:
4142:
4136:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4089:
4080:
4074:
4063:
4057:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4026:
4020:
4014:
4008:
4002:
3996:
3990:
3981:
3975:
3964:
3958:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3882:
3876:
3867:
3861:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3568:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3292:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3250:
3244:
3238:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3175:
3169:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3082:
3075:
3066:
3059:
3048:
3041:
3032:
3021:
3015:
3004:
2998:
2979:
2973:
2957:
2948:
2933:
2924:
2913:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2859:
2782:strategic depths
2674:
2643:
2621:Fronts launched
2600:
2553:Operation Roland
2547:Operation Roland
2511:, Field Marshal
2474:
2447:
2209:
2189:
2174:
2128:
2104:
2097:
2066:
2021:Michael Wittmann
2001:
1974:
1966:
1836:Stepan Krasovsky
1770:Pavel Rotmistrov
1756:
1745:
1703:
1669:
1483:Pavel Rotmistrov
1430:defence in depth
1402:Army Group South
1394:III Panzer Corps
1323:
1316:, as the spring
1070:
1068:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1035:
1034:
923:Petsamo–Kirkenes
801:Belgorod-Kharkov
767:Voronezh–Kharkov
491:
481:
474:
467:
458:
457:
437:
436:
430:
414:fighter aircraft
348:48th Rifle Corps
238:Stepan Krasovsky
225:Pavel Rotmistrov
182:
178:
176:
175:
167:
163:
161:
160:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
120:
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
72:
71:
51:
23:
22:
10494:
10493:
10489:
10488:
10487:
10485:
10484:
10483:
10424:
10423:
10422:
10412:
10410:
10402:
10400:
10395:
10388:
10381:
10367:
10365:
10353:
10344:
10337:
10330:
10323:
10314:
10307:
10300:
10291:
10286:Atomic bombings
10284:
10277:
10270:
10263:
10256:
10247:
10240:
10233:
10226:
10219:
10212:
10205:
10198:
10191:
10184:
10177:
10170:
10163:
10156:
10149:
10142:
10129:
10122:
10111:
10104:
10097:
10088:
10081:
10074:
10067:
10060:
10053:
10044:
10035:
10028:
10019:
10012:
10005:
9998:
9989:
9982:
9977:Eastern Romania
9975:
9970:Warsaw Uprising
9968:
9963:Tannenberg Line
9961:
9954:
9949:Western Ukraine
9947:
9938:
9931:
9922:
9913:
9904:
9897:
9890:
9879:
9870:
9857:
9850:
9841:
9834:
9827:
9820:
9813:
9806:
9799:
9790:
9783:
9776:
9767:
9760:
9753:
9746:
9741:Battle of Kursk
9739:
9732:
9725:
9718:
9711:
9698:
9691:
9682:
9675:
9668:
9659:
9652:
9645:
9638:
9629:
9620:
9613:
9606:
9599:
9592:
9585:
9578:
9571:
9564:
9557:
9552:St Nazaire Raid
9550:
9543:
9536:
9523:
9516:
9509:
9502:
9495:
9488:
9481:
9474:
9467:
9460:
9453:
9446:
9439:
9432:
9425:
9418:
9411:
9404:
9397:
9390:
9376:
9367:
9360:
9353:
9346:
9339:
9334:Anglo-Iraqi War
9332:
9325:Battle of Crete
9323:
9316:
9309:
9302:
9295:
9282:
9273:
9266:
9259:
9254:Eastern Romania
9252:
9245:
9238:
9231:
9224:
9217:
9210:
9203:
9196:
9189:
9182:
9175:
9168:
9161:
9154:
9147:
9134:
9127:
9120:
9113:
9106:
9099:
9092:
9085:
9072:
9063:
9056:
9049:
9042:
9035:
9028:
9019:
9012:
9005:
8996:
8989:
8963:
8956:
8949:
8940:
8933:
8928:
8919:
8912:
8905:
8896:
8889:
8880:
8873:
8868:
8861:
8848:
8841:
8832:
8825:
8820:
8815:Western Ukraine
8813:
8806:
8799:
8792:
8785:
8778:
8771:
8764:
8759:Northeast China
8757:
8750:
8743:
8736:
8729:
8722:
8713:
8706:
8699:
8692:
8685:
8678:
8671:
8664:
8657:
8650:
8643:
8636:
8629:
8622:
8615:
8608:
8601:
8594:
8587:
8574:
8567:
8560:
8553:
8546:
8539:
8532:
8525:
8518:
8511:
8504:
8497:
8484:
8477:
8470:
8465:Slovak Republic
8463:
8455:
8448:
8441:
8436:Empire of Japan
8434:
8425:
8417:
8410:
8403:
8396:
8389:
8382:
8374:
8367:
8360:
8352:
8345:
8332:
8325:
8316:
8309:
8300:
8293:
8286:
8279:
8272:
8265:
8258:
8246:
8239:
8232:
8225:
8218:
8211:
8204:
8197:
8190:
8178:
8171:
8164:
8157:
8150:
8138:
8130:
8123:
8116:
8109:
8102:
8095:
8088:
8076:
8069:
8062:
8055:
8048:
8022:
8013:
8006:
7999:
7992:
7981:
7966:
7959:
7952:
7948:Sexual violence
7947:
7940:
7931:
7924:
7917:
7908:
7901:
7894:
7887:
7880:
7871:
7862:
7855:
7848:
7841:
7834:
7827:
7818:
7811:
7804:
7797:
7784:
7777:
7770:
7763:
7754:
7747:
7740:
7733:
7726:
7717:
7708:
7701:
7694:
7687:
7678:
7671:
7666:Greek Civil War
7664:
7657:
7650:
7643:
7636:
7629:
7622:
7609:
7602:
7593:
7586:
7579:
7570:
7563:
7556:
7549:
7540:
7533:
7526:
7517:
7510:
7503:
7496:
7491:South-East Asia
7489:
7482:
7475:
7462:
7455:
7448:
7441:
7434:
7427:
7420:
7413:
7404:
7397:
7390:
7383:
7376:
7369:
7362:
7355:
7350:Military awards
7348:
7339:
7332:
7325:
7316:
7309:
7302:
7295:
7288:
7281:
7274:
7267:
7260:
7253:
7244:
7237:
7217:
7210:
7203:
7194:
7187:
7180:
7175:
7166:
7159:
7152:
7144:
7139:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7086:
7084:
7065:
7063:
7044:
7042:
7029:
7020:
7018:
7009:
7000:
6998:
6997:on 15 July 2015
6987:
6983:
6980:
6969:
6956:
6946:
6879:
6860:
6841:
6819:
6795:
6773:
6765:. London: Pan.
6757:
6755:Further reading
6752:
6746:
6727:
6673:
6654:
6635:
6616:
6590:
6560:
6550:Stackpole Books
6537:
6515:
6513:
6493:
6470:
6443:
6424:
6387:
6368:
6345:
6326:
6307:
6288:
6266:House, Jonathan
6259:on 18 May 2015.
6256:
6235:
6216:
6215:
6206:
6205:
6201:
6175:
6165:Greenwood Press
6152:
6113:
6076:
6055:
6050:
6042:
6038:
6030:
6026:
6018:, p. 210;
6014:
6010:
6002:
5998:
5982:
5978:
5970:
5963:
5955:
5951:
5943:
5939:
5931:
5927:
5919:
5915:
5907:
5903:
5895:
5891:
5883:
5879:
5871:
5864:
5856:, p. 349;
5852:, p. 209;
5844:, p. 101;
5840:
5836:
5828:
5824:
5816:
5812:
5804:
5800:
5792:, p. 408;
5788:
5784:
5776:
5772:
5764:
5757:
5749:
5745:
5737:
5733:
5725:
5721:
5713:
5709:
5701:
5697:
5689:
5678:
5670:
5666:
5658:
5654:
5646:
5642:
5634:
5630:
5622:
5615:
5607:
5598:
5590:
5586:
5578:
5569:
5565:, p. 5.14.
5561:
5557:
5549:
5542:
5534:
5530:
5522:
5518:
5510:
5506:
5498:
5494:
5486:
5482:
5474:
5470:
5462:
5458:
5450:
5446:
5438:
5434:
5426:
5422:
5414:
5407:
5399:
5395:
5387:
5383:
5375:
5371:
5363:
5359:
5351:
5347:
5339:
5332:
5324:
5320:
5312:
5305:
5297:
5286:
5278:
5269:
5261:
5257:
5249:, p. 153;
5241:
5237:
5229:
5222:
5214:
5210:
5202:
5195:
5187:
5180:
5172:
5168:
5160:
5156:
5148:
5144:
5136:
5132:
5124:
5117:
5109:
5105:
5097:
5088:
5080:
5073:
5065:
5061:
5053:
5049:
5041:
5037:
5029:
5025:
5017:
5013:
5005:
4998:
4990:
4986:
4978:
4974:
4966:
4962:
4954:
4950:
4942:
4938:
4930:
4926:
4918:
4911:
4903:
4899:
4891:
4887:
4879:
4875:
4867:
4863:
4855:
4851:
4843:
4839:
4831:
4827:
4819:
4806:
4798:
4794:
4786:
4782:
4774:
4770:
4762:
4755:
4747:
4743:
4735:
4728:
4720:
4716:
4708:
4699:
4691:
4687:
4679:
4675:
4667:
4660:
4652:
4643:
4635:
4631:
4623:
4616:
4604:
4600:
4592:
4588:
4580:
4576:
4568:
4564:
4556:
4552:
4544:
4537:
4529:
4525:
4517:
4510:
4502:
4498:
4490:
4486:
4478:
4465:
4457:
4444:
4436:
4427:
4419:
4415:
4407:
4396:
4388:
4384:
4376:
4372:
4364:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4340:
4336:
4328:
4324:
4316:
4312:
4304:
4300:
4292:
4285:
4277:
4273:
4265:
4256:
4248:
4237:
4229:
4225:
4217:
4200:
4192:
4183:
4171:, p. 202;
4167:
4163:
4155:
4151:
4143:
4139:
4131:
4127:
4119:
4110:
4102:
4098:
4090:
4083:
4075:
4066:
4058:
4047:
4039:
4035:
4027:
4023:
4015:
4011:
4003:
3999:
3991:
3984:
3976:
3967:
3959:
3948:
3940:
3936:
3928:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3870:
3862:
3853:
3845:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3821:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3797:
3793:
3785:
3781:
3773:
3769:
3761:
3757:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3730:
3722:
3718:
3710:
3706:
3698:
3694:
3682:
3678:
3670:
3666:
3658:
3649:
3641:
3637:
3629:
3625:
3617:
3613:
3605:
3601:
3593:
3589:
3581:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3557:
3553:
3545:
3541:
3533:
3529:
3521:
3517:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3425:
3421:
3413:
3409:
3401:
3397:
3389:
3385:
3381:, pp. 3–4.
3377:
3373:
3365:
3361:
3353:
3349:
3341:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3317:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3293:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3265:
3257:
3253:
3245:
3241:
3233:
3229:
3221:
3217:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3185:
3178:
3170:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3114:
3110:
3102:
3095:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3076:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3042:
3035:
3022:
3018:
3005:
3001:
2997:, p. 230).
2983:5th Guards Army
2980:
2976:
2972:, p. 321).
2968:, p. 101;
2964:, p. 379;
2958:
2951:
2943:, p. 106;
2934:
2927:
2923:, p. 318).
2914:
2907:
2901:
2897:
2889:, p. 223;
2881:, p. 146;
2873:, p. 107;
2869:, p. 151;
2865:, p. 516;
2860:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2834:
2832:Surprise factor
2821:
2804:Battle of Brody
2795:
2790:
2769:
2756:David M. Glantz
2727:
2682:
2672:
2666:
2641:
2598:
2580:1st Panzer Army
2555:
2549:
2505:
2472:
2458:
2445:
2430:
2371:
2355:air superiority
2338:29th Tank Corps
2283:Henschel Hs 129
2246:
2207:
2187:
2172:
2154:Sturmbannführer
2126:
2116:
2110:their advance.
2102:
2095:
2089:
2064:
2029:
1999:
1972:
1964:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:Opposing forces
1840:Vladimir Sudets
1811:tank destroyers
1782:
1754:
1743:
1716:
1711:
1701:
1566:
1495:
1479:5th Guards Army
1465:Colonel General
1463:, commanded by
1457:Nikolai Vatutin
1452:, commanded by
1387:Colonel General
1306:5th Guards Army
1282:
1280:Battle of Kursk
1276:
1236:4th Panzer Army
1161:Battle of Kursk
1126:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1115:Order of Battle
1071:
1067:Battle of Kursk
1066:
1064:
1062:
1032:
1027:
1021:Prague uprising
1004:Bratislava–Brno
994:Moravia–Ostrava
884:Lvov–Sandomierz
712:Rzhev–Sychyovka
540:Białystok–Minsk
492:
487:
485:
451:
450:
449:
448:
446:
440:
439:
438:
338:31st Tank Corps
333:10th Tank Corps
303:18th Tank Corps
298:29th Tank Corps
247:
243:Vladimir Sudets
234:
220:Nikolai Vatutin
213:
205:
173:
171:
158:
156:
123:
121:
117:
114:
109:
106:
104:
102:
101:
100:
80:
52:
33:Battle of Kursk
17:
12:
11:
5:
10492:
10482:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10456:
10451:
10446:
10441:
10436:
10421:
10420:
10397:
10396:
10394:
10393:
10386:
10379:
10362:
10359:
10358:
10355:
10354:
10352:
10351:
10350:
10349:
10342:
10335:
10321:
10320:
10319:
10305:
10302:South Sakhalin
10298:
10297:
10296:
10282:
10275:
10268:
10261:
10254:
10253:
10252:
10238:
10231:
10224:
10217:
10210:
10203:
10196:
10189:
10182:
10175:
10168:
10161:
10154:
10147:
10139:
10137:
10131:
10130:
10128:
10127:
10120:
10119:
10118:
10102:
10095:
10094:
10093:
10079:
10072:
10065:
10058:
10051:
10042:
10033:
10026:
10017:
10010:
10003:
9996:
9987:
9980:
9973:
9966:
9959:
9952:
9945:
9936:
9929:
9920:
9911:
9902:
9895:
9888:
9877:
9867:
9865:
9859:
9858:
9856:
9855:
9848:
9847:
9846:
9839:
9825:
9818:
9811:
9804:
9797:
9796:
9795:
9781:
9774:
9765:
9758:
9751:
9744:
9737:
9730:
9727:Battle of Attu
9723:
9716:
9708:
9706:
9700:
9699:
9697:
9696:
9689:
9680:
9673:
9666:
9657:
9650:
9643:
9636:
9627:
9626:
9625:
9618:
9604:
9597:
9590:
9583:
9576:
9569:
9562:
9555:
9548:
9541:
9533:
9531:
9525:
9524:
9522:
9521:
9514:
9507:
9500:
9493:
9486:
9479:
9476:Battle of Guam
9472:
9465:
9458:
9451:
9444:
9437:
9430:
9423:
9416:
9409:
9402:
9399:Battle of Kiev
9395:
9388:
9374:
9373:
9372:
9358:
9351:
9344:
9337:
9330:
9329:
9328:
9314:
9307:
9300:
9292:
9290:
9284:
9283:
9281:
9280:
9271:
9264:
9257:
9250:
9243:
9236:
9229:
9222:
9215:
9208:
9201:
9194:
9187:
9180:
9173:
9166:
9159:
9152:
9144:
9142:
9136:
9135:
9133:
9132:
9125:
9118:
9111:
9104:
9097:
9090:
9082:
9080:
9074:
9073:
9071:
9070:
9069:
9068:
9061:
9054:
9047:
9040:
9026:
9025:
9024:
9017:
9003:
9002:
9001:
8986:
8984:
8975:
8969:
8968:
8965:
8964:
8962:
8961:
8954:
8947:
8946:
8945:
8938:
8926:
8925:
8924:
8910:
8903:
8902:
8901:
8898:United Kingdom
8894:
8887:
8886:
8885:
8866:
8858:
8856:
8850:
8849:
8847:
8846:
8839:
8838:
8837:
8830:
8818:
8811:
8804:
8797:
8790:
8783:
8776:
8769:
8762:
8755:
8748:
8741:
8734:
8727:
8720:
8719:
8718:
8711:
8697:
8690:
8683:
8676:
8669:
8662:
8655:
8648:
8641:
8634:
8627:
8620:
8613:
8606:
8599:
8592:
8584:
8582:
8576:
8575:
8573:
8572:
8565:
8558:
8551:
8544:
8537:
8530:
8523:
8516:
8509:
8502:
8494:
8492:
8486:
8485:
8483:
8482:
8475:
8468:
8461:
8453:
8446:
8439:
8432:
8431:
8430:
8415:
8408:
8401:
8394:
8387:
8380:
8372:
8365:
8358:
8350:
8342:
8340:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8323:
8322:
8321:
8307:
8306:
8305:
8302:British Empire
8295:United Kingdom
8291:
8284:
8277:
8270:
8263:
8256:
8244:
8237:
8230:
8223:
8216:
8209:
8202:
8195:
8188:
8176:
8169:
8162:
8155:
8148:
8136:
8128:
8121:
8114:
8111:Czechoslovakia
8107:
8100:
8093:
8086:
8074:
8067:
8060:
8053:
8045:
8043:
8034:
8028:
8027:
8024:
8023:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8018:
8011:
8008:Rape of Manila
8004:
7997:
7990:
7979:
7964:
7957:
7945:
7938:
7937:
7936:
7929:
7915:
7914:
7913:
7906:
7899:
7885:
7878:
7877:
7876:
7869:
7868:
7867:
7860:
7846:
7839:
7825:
7824:
7823:
7816:
7809:
7794:
7792:
7786:
7785:
7783:
7782:
7779:United Nations
7775:
7768:
7761:
7760:
7759:
7752:
7745:
7738:
7724:
7715:
7706:
7699:
7692:
7685:
7676:
7669:
7662:
7655:
7648:
7641:
7638:Decolonization
7634:
7627:
7619:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7607:
7600:
7599:
7598:
7584:
7577:
7576:
7575:
7568:
7561:
7547:
7546:
7545:
7538:
7524:
7523:
7522:
7515:
7508:
7501:
7494:
7487:
7472:
7470:
7464:
7463:
7461:
7460:
7453:
7446:
7439:
7432:
7425:
7418:
7411:
7410:
7409:
7402:
7388:
7381:
7374:
7367:
7360:
7353:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7330:
7323:
7322:
7321:
7314:
7311:United Kingdom
7307:
7293:
7286:
7279:
7272:
7265:
7258:
7251:
7250:
7249:
7234:
7232:
7223:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7215:
7208:
7201:
7200:
7199:
7192:
7185:
7173:
7172:
7171:
7157:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7138:
7137:
7130:
7123:
7115:
7109:
7108:
7093:
7083:on 8 July 2013
7072:
7054:Wilson, Alan.
7051:
7027:
7007:
6979:
6978:External links
6976:
6975:
6974:
6967:
6950:
6944:
6931:
6919:(2): 115–163.
6904:
6894:(2): 251–270.
6883:
6877:
6864:
6858:
6845:
6839:
6823:
6817:
6803:Evans, Richard
6799:
6793:
6777:
6771:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6750:
6744:
6731:
6725:
6708:
6690:(4): 582–595.
6677:
6671:
6658:
6652:
6639:
6633:
6620:
6614:
6594:
6588:
6568:Overy, Richard
6564:
6558:
6541:
6535:
6522:
6497:
6491:
6474:
6468:
6447:
6441:
6428:
6422:
6409:
6385:
6372:
6366:
6349:
6343:
6330:
6324:
6311:
6305:
6292:
6286:
6261:
6225:
6199:
6179:
6173:
6156:
6150:
6134:
6117:
6111:
6098:
6080:
6074:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6048:
6036:
6024:
6022:, p. 174.
6008:
6006:, p. 359.
5996:
5994:, p. 143.
5976:
5961:
5949:
5937:
5925:
5923:, p. 228.
5913:
5901:
5889:
5887:, p. 247.
5877:
5862:
5860:, p. 583.
5848:, p. 51;
5834:
5832:, p. 166.
5822:
5810:
5808:, p. 553.
5798:
5782:
5770:
5755:
5753:, p. 208.
5743:
5731:
5729:, p. 167.
5719:
5707:
5705:, p. 130.
5695:
5676:
5664:
5652:
5650:, p. 212.
5640:
5638:, p. 346.
5628:
5613:
5611:, p. 129.
5596:
5584:
5582:, p. 108.
5567:
5555:
5540:
5528:
5516:
5514:, p. 245.
5504:
5492:
5490:, p. 164.
5480:
5468:
5466:, p. 223.
5456:
5444:
5432:
5420:
5405:
5403:, p. 401.
5393:
5391:, p. 359.
5381:
5379:, p. 398.
5369:
5367:, p. 356.
5357:
5355:, p. 163.
5345:
5343:, p. 219.
5330:
5328:, p. 218.
5318:
5316:, p. 358.
5303:
5284:
5267:
5255:
5245:, p. 71;
5235:
5233:, p. 397.
5220:
5208:
5206:, p. 394.
5193:
5191:, p. 215.
5178:
5176:, p. 214.
5166:
5154:
5142:
5130:
5115:
5113:, p. 643.
5103:
5101:, p. 208.
5086:
5084:, p. 390.
5071:
5069:, p. 212.
5059:
5047:
5035:
5023:
5021:, p. 226.
5011:
5009:, p. 102.
4996:
4984:
4972:
4960:
4958:, p. 216.
4956:Showalter 2013
4948:
4946:, p. 335.
4936:
4934:, p. 212.
4932:Showalter 2013
4924:
4920:Bergström 2007
4909:
4905:Bergström 2007
4897:
4895:, p. 191.
4885:
4883:, p. 322.
4873:
4871:, p. 321.
4861:
4859:, p. 341.
4849:
4847:, p. 189.
4837:
4825:
4804:
4792:
4780:
4768:
4766:, p. 190.
4753:
4751:, p. 366.
4741:
4739:, p. 185.
4726:
4724:, p. 351.
4714:
4712:, p. 320.
4697:
4695:, p. 203.
4693:Showalter 2013
4685:
4683:, p. 317.
4673:
4669:Bergström 2007
4658:
4656:, p. 188.
4641:
4629:
4627:, p. 349.
4614:
4598:
4596:, p. 139.
4586:
4584:, p. 182.
4574:
4572:, p. 363.
4562:
4560:, p. 378.
4550:
4548:, p. 184.
4535:
4523:
4521:, p. 192.
4508:
4496:
4494:, p. 193.
4484:
4482:, p. 107.
4463:
4461:, p. 180.
4442:
4440:, p. 181.
4425:
4423:, p. 362.
4413:
4394:
4382:
4370:
4358:
4346:
4334:
4332:, p. 151.
4322:
4310:
4308:, p. 333.
4298:
4296:, p. 368.
4283:
4281:, p. 320.
4271:
4254:
4252:, p. 326.
4235:
4233:, p. 309.
4223:
4198:
4196:, p. 202.
4181:
4179:, p. 315.
4161:
4149:
4147:, p. 236.
4137:
4125:
4121:Bergström 2007
4108:
4096:
4094:, p. 154.
4081:
4079:, p. 103.
4064:
4062:, p. 364.
4045:
4043:, p. 179.
4033:
4031:, p. 227.
4021:
4009:
3997:
3993:Bergström 2007
3982:
3980:, p. 178.
3965:
3963:, p. 310.
3946:
3934:
3932:, p. 356.
3922:
3920:, p. 176.
3910:
3908:, p. 350.
3898:
3883:
3881:, p. 153.
3868:
3866:, p. 315.
3851:
3849:, p. 166.
3839:
3837:, p. 352.
3827:
3815:
3803:
3791:
3779:
3777:, p. 343.
3767:
3755:
3753:, p. 164.
3740:
3728:
3716:
3714:, p. 337.
3704:
3692:
3686:, p. 76;
3676:
3674:, p. 146.
3664:
3647:
3635:
3623:
3611:
3599:
3587:
3575:
3563:
3551:
3539:
3527:
3515:
3503:
3491:
3479:
3477:, p. 112.
3467:
3465:, p. 123.
3455:
3443:
3441:, p. 112.
3431:
3419:
3417:, p. 239.
3407:
3395:
3393:, p. 407.
3383:
3371:
3369:, p. 195.
3359:
3347:
3335:
3323:
3311:
3309:, p. 192.
3299:
3287:
3285:, p. 184.
3275:
3263:
3251:
3249:, p. 187.
3239:
3227:
3215:
3213:, p. 189.
3203:
3191:
3176:
3172:Bergström 2007
3147:
3138:
3129:
3120:
3108:
3106:, p. 327.
3092:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3067:
3049:
3033:
3016:
2999:
2974:
2949:
2925:
2905:
2895:
2893:, p. 98).
2850:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2820:
2817:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2768:
2765:
2760:Jonathan House
2726:
2723:
2681:
2678:
2665:
2662:
2551:Main article:
2548:
2545:
2504:
2501:
2457:
2454:
2429:
2426:
2370:
2367:
2351:fighter escort
2271:Staffelkapitän
2245:
2242:
2221:Hafthohlladung
2158:Joachim Peiper
2115:
2112:
2088:
2085:
2028:
2025:
1954:had just one.
1885:
1882:
1874:
1871:
1863:Kuzma Trufanov
1781:
1778:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1692:Leibstandarte
1633:2nd Tank Corps
1565:
1562:
1494:
1491:
1475:Aleksey Zhadov
1450:Voronezh Front
1348:mobile defence
1346:arguing for a
1326:Soviet premier
1278:Main article:
1275:
1272:
1244:Voronezh Front
1175:of the German
1167:of the Soviet
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1013:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
984:East Pomerania
981:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
946:
945:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
893:
886:
881:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
843:
842:
838:
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827:
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776:
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750:
746:
745:
738:
731:
726:
719:
714:
709:
704:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
675:Toropets–Kholm
672:
665:
660:
654:
653:
649:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
627:
626:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
524:
523:
519:
518:
513:
508:
502:
501:
497:
494:
493:
484:
483:
476:
469:
461:
453:
452:
442:
441:
432:
431:
425:
424:
423:
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419:
418:
417:
416:
410:
407:
399:
398:
397:
394:
391:
382:
381:
377:
376:
372:616 tanks and
370:
366:294 tanks and
363:
362:
358:
357:
356:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
321:
320:
315:
313:2nd Tank Corps
310:
305:
300:
288:
287:
286:
278:
270:
254:
253:
252:Units involved
249:
248:
246:
245:
240:
233:
232:
230:Aleksey Zhadov
227:
222:
216:
214:
212:
211:
204:
203:
198:
192:
189:
188:
184:
183:
168:
152:
151:
147:
146:
143:
142:
140:§ Outcome
136:
132:
131:
88:
86:
82:
81:
78:
76:
68:
67:
44:
43:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10491:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10455:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10445:
10442:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10431:
10429:
10419:
10409:
10408:
10405:
10391:
10387:
10384:
10380:
10377:
10376:
10371:
10364:
10363:
10360:
10347:
10343:
10340:
10336:
10333:
10329:
10328:
10326:
10322:
10317:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10309:Kuril Islands
10306:
10303:
10299:
10294:
10290:
10289:
10287:
10283:
10280:
10276:
10273:
10269:
10266:
10262:
10259:
10255:
10250:
10246:
10245:
10243:
10239:
10236:
10232:
10229:
10225:
10222:
10218:
10215:
10211:
10208:
10204:
10201:
10197:
10194:
10190:
10187:
10183:
10180:
10176:
10173:
10169:
10166:
10162:
10159:
10155:
10152:
10148:
10145:
10141:
10140:
10138:
10136:
10132:
10125:
10121:
10116:
10115:
10110:
10109:
10107:
10103:
10100:
10096:
10091:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10080:
10077:
10076:Syrmian Front
10073:
10070:
10066:
10063:
10059:
10056:
10052:
10049:
10048:
10043:
10040:
10039:
10034:
10031:
10027:
10024:
10023:
10022:Market Garden
10018:
10015:
10011:
10008:
10004:
10001:
9997:
9994:
9993:
9988:
9985:
9981:
9978:
9974:
9971:
9967:
9964:
9960:
9957:
9953:
9950:
9946:
9943:
9942:
9937:
9934:
9930:
9927:
9926:
9921:
9918:
9917:
9912:
9909:
9908:
9903:
9900:
9896:
9893:
9889:
9886:
9882:
9881:Monte Cassino
9878:
9875:
9874:
9869:
9868:
9866:
9864:
9860:
9853:
9849:
9844:
9840:
9837:
9833:
9832:
9830:
9826:
9823:
9819:
9816:
9812:
9809:
9805:
9802:
9798:
9793:
9789:
9788:
9786:
9782:
9779:
9775:
9772:
9771:
9766:
9763:
9759:
9756:
9752:
9749:
9745:
9742:
9738:
9735:
9731:
9728:
9724:
9721:
9717:
9714:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9705:
9701:
9694:
9690:
9687:
9686:
9681:
9678:
9674:
9671:
9667:
9664:
9663:
9658:
9655:
9651:
9648:
9644:
9641:
9637:
9634:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9619:
9616:
9612:
9611:
9609:
9605:
9602:
9598:
9595:
9591:
9588:
9584:
9581:
9577:
9574:
9570:
9567:
9563:
9560:
9556:
9553:
9549:
9546:
9542:
9539:
9535:
9534:
9532:
9530:
9526:
9519:
9515:
9512:
9508:
9505:
9501:
9498:
9494:
9491:
9487:
9484:
9480:
9477:
9473:
9470:
9466:
9463:
9459:
9456:
9452:
9449:
9445:
9442:
9438:
9435:
9431:
9428:
9424:
9421:
9417:
9414:
9410:
9407:
9403:
9400:
9396:
9393:
9389:
9385:
9384:
9379:
9375:
9370:
9366:
9365:
9363:
9359:
9356:
9352:
9349:
9345:
9342:
9338:
9335:
9331:
9326:
9322:
9321:
9319:
9315:
9312:
9308:
9305:
9301:
9298:
9294:
9293:
9291:
9289:
9285:
9278:
9277:
9272:
9269:
9265:
9262:
9258:
9255:
9251:
9248:
9247:Baltic states
9244:
9241:
9237:
9234:
9230:
9227:
9223:
9220:
9216:
9213:
9209:
9206:
9202:
9199:
9195:
9192:
9188:
9185:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9167:
9164:
9160:
9157:
9153:
9150:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9141:
9137:
9130:
9126:
9123:
9119:
9116:
9112:
9109:
9105:
9102:
9098:
9095:
9091:
9088:
9084:
9083:
9081:
9079:
9075:
9066:
9062:
9059:
9055:
9052:
9048:
9045:
9041:
9038:
9034:
9033:
9031:
9027:
9022:
9018:
9015:
9011:
9010:
9008:
9004:
8999:
8995:
8994:
8992:
8988:
8987:
8985:
8983:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8970:
8959:
8955:
8952:
8948:
8943:
8939:
8936:
8932:
8931:
8927:
8922:
8918:
8917:
8915:
8911:
8908:
8904:
8899:
8895:
8892:
8891:United States
8888:
8883:
8879:
8878:
8876:
8872:
8871:
8867:
8864:
8860:
8859:
8857:
8855:
8851:
8844:
8840:
8835:
8831:
8828:
8827:Quốc dân Đảng
8824:
8823:
8819:
8816:
8812:
8809:
8805:
8802:
8798:
8795:
8791:
8788:
8784:
8781:
8777:
8774:
8770:
8767:
8763:
8760:
8756:
8753:
8749:
8746:
8742:
8739:
8735:
8732:
8728:
8725:
8721:
8716:
8712:
8709:
8705:
8704:
8702:
8698:
8695:
8691:
8688:
8684:
8681:
8677:
8674:
8670:
8667:
8663:
8660:
8656:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8642:
8639:
8635:
8632:
8628:
8625:
8621:
8618:
8614:
8611:
8607:
8604:
8600:
8597:
8593:
8590:
8586:
8585:
8583:
8581:
8577:
8570:
8566:
8563:
8559:
8556:
8552:
8549:
8545:
8542:
8538:
8535:
8531:
8528:
8527:Liechtenstein
8524:
8521:
8517:
8514:
8510:
8507:
8503:
8500:
8496:
8495:
8493:
8491:
8487:
8480:
8476:
8473:
8469:
8466:
8462:
8458:
8454:
8451:
8447:
8444:
8440:
8437:
8433:
8428:
8424:
8423:
8420:
8416:
8413:
8409:
8406:
8402:
8399:
8395:
8392:
8388:
8385:
8381:
8377:
8373:
8370:
8366:
8363:
8359:
8355:
8351:
8348:
8344:
8343:
8341:
8339:
8335:
8328:
8324:
8319:
8315:
8314:
8312:
8311:United States
8308:
8303:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8292:
8289:
8285:
8282:
8278:
8275:
8271:
8268:
8264:
8261:
8257:
8253:
8249:
8245:
8242:
8238:
8235:
8231:
8228:
8224:
8221:
8217:
8214:
8210:
8207:
8203:
8200:
8196:
8193:
8189:
8185:
8181:
8177:
8174:
8170:
8167:
8163:
8160:
8156:
8153:
8149:
8145:
8141:
8137:
8133:
8129:
8126:
8122:
8119:
8115:
8112:
8108:
8105:
8101:
8098:
8094:
8091:
8087:
8083:
8079:
8075:
8072:
8068:
8065:
8061:
8058:
8054:
8051:
8047:
8046:
8044:
8042:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8029:
8016:
8012:
8009:
8005:
8002:
8001:Comfort women
7998:
7995:
7991:
7988:
7985: /
7984:
7980:
7977:
7974: /
7973:
7970: /
7969:
7965:
7962:
7961:Camp brothels
7958:
7955:
7951:
7950:
7946:
7943:
7939:
7934:
7930:
7927:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7916:
7911:
7907:
7904:
7900:
7897:
7893:
7892:
7890:
7886:
7883:
7879:
7874:
7870:
7865:
7861:
7858:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7850:The Holocaust
7847:
7844:
7840:
7837:
7836:forced labour
7833:
7832:
7830:
7826:
7821:
7817:
7814:
7810:
7807:
7803:
7802:
7800:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7791:
7787:
7780:
7776:
7773:
7769:
7766:
7762:
7757:
7753:
7750:
7746:
7743:
7739:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7729:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7716:
7713:
7712:
7707:
7704:
7700:
7697:
7693:
7690:
7689:Marshall Plan
7686:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7674:
7670:
7667:
7663:
7660:
7656:
7653:
7649:
7646:
7642:
7639:
7635:
7632:
7628:
7625:
7621:
7620:
7618:
7616:
7612:
7605:
7601:
7596:
7592:
7591:
7589:
7585:
7582:
7578:
7573:
7569:
7566:
7562:
7559:
7555:
7554:
7552:
7548:
7543:
7542:Eastern Front
7539:
7536:
7535:Western Front
7532:
7531:
7529:
7525:
7520:
7516:
7513:
7509:
7506:
7502:
7499:
7495:
7492:
7488:
7485:
7481:
7480:
7478:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7469:
7465:
7458:
7454:
7451:
7447:
7444:
7440:
7437:
7433:
7430:
7429:Puppet states
7426:
7423:
7419:
7416:
7412:
7407:
7403:
7400:
7396:
7395:
7393:
7389:
7386:
7382:
7379:
7375:
7372:
7371:Naval history
7368:
7365:
7361:
7358:
7354:
7351:
7347:
7342:
7338:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7328:
7324:
7319:
7318:United States
7315:
7312:
7308:
7305:
7301:
7300:
7298:
7294:
7291:
7287:
7284:
7280:
7277:
7273:
7270:
7266:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7252:
7247:
7243:
7242:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7224:
7220:
7213:
7209:
7206:
7202:
7197:
7193:
7190:
7186:
7183:
7179:
7178:
7174:
7169:
7165:
7164:
7162:
7158:
7155:
7151:
7150:
7147:
7143:
7136:
7131:
7129:
7124:
7122:
7117:
7116:
7113:
7098:
7094:
7082:
7078:
7073:
7061:
7057:
7052:
7040:
7036:
7034:
7028:
7016:
7012:
7008:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6982:
6981:
6970:
6968:5-17-039548-5
6964:
6960:
6951:
6947:
6945:9781472859082
6941:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6905:
6901:
6897:
6893:
6889:
6884:
6880:
6874:
6870:
6865:
6861:
6855:
6851:
6846:
6842:
6840:0-7146-4077-8
6836:
6832:
6828:
6827:Glantz, David
6824:
6820:
6814:
6810:
6809:
6804:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6768:
6764:
6759:
6758:
6747:
6745:0-7146-5052-8
6741:
6737:
6732:
6728:
6722:
6718:
6714:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6697:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6684:
6678:
6674:
6668:
6664:
6659:
6655:
6649:
6645:
6640:
6636:
6630:
6626:
6621:
6617:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6595:
6591:
6589:0-14-027169-4
6585:
6581:
6580:Penguin Books
6576:
6575:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6555:
6551:
6547:
6542:
6538:
6532:
6528:
6523:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6498:
6494:
6492:0-306-81150-2
6488:
6484:
6483:Da Capo Press
6480:
6475:
6471:
6469:1-84574-069-6
6465:
6461:
6457:
6453:
6452:Gleave, T. P.
6448:
6444:
6438:
6434:
6429:
6425:
6419:
6415:
6410:
6406:
6394:
6388:
6386:0-7146-4933-3
6382:
6378:
6373:
6369:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6336:
6331:
6327:
6321:
6317:
6312:
6308:
6302:
6298:
6293:
6289:
6283:
6279:
6274:
6273:
6267:
6262:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6242:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6222:
6210:
6202:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6166:
6162:
6157:
6153:
6147:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6108:
6104:
6099:
6096:
6090:
6086:
6081:
6077:
6071:
6066:
6065:
6058:
6057:
6045:
6040:
6033:
6028:
6021:
6017:
6012:
6005:
6000:
5993:
5992:Schranck 2013
5989:
5985:
5980:
5973:
5968:
5966:
5958:
5953:
5946:
5941:
5934:
5929:
5922:
5917:
5910:
5905:
5898:
5893:
5886:
5881:
5874:
5869:
5867:
5859:
5855:
5854:Schranck 2013
5851:
5847:
5843:
5838:
5831:
5826:
5819:
5814:
5807:
5802:
5796:, p. 86.
5795:
5791:
5786:
5779:
5774:
5767:
5762:
5760:
5752:
5747:
5740:
5735:
5728:
5723:
5716:
5711:
5704:
5699:
5692:
5687:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5673:
5668:
5661:
5656:
5649:
5644:
5637:
5632:
5625:
5620:
5618:
5610:
5605:
5603:
5601:
5593:
5588:
5581:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5564:
5559:
5552:
5547:
5545:
5537:
5532:
5526:, p. 87.
5525:
5520:
5513:
5508:
5501:
5496:
5489:
5484:
5477:
5472:
5465:
5460:
5454:, p. 24.
5453:
5448:
5441:
5436:
5430:, p. 70.
5429:
5424:
5418:, p. 98.
5417:
5412:
5410:
5402:
5397:
5390:
5385:
5378:
5373:
5366:
5361:
5354:
5349:
5342:
5337:
5335:
5327:
5322:
5315:
5310:
5308:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5281:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5264:
5259:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5239:
5232:
5227:
5225:
5217:
5212:
5205:
5200:
5198:
5190:
5185:
5183:
5175:
5170:
5163:
5158:
5151:
5146:
5139:
5134:
5127:
5122:
5120:
5112:
5107:
5100:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5083:
5078:
5076:
5068:
5063:
5056:
5051:
5044:
5039:
5032:
5027:
5020:
5015:
5008:
5003:
5001:
4993:
4988:
4981:
4976:
4969:
4964:
4957:
4952:
4945:
4940:
4933:
4928:
4922:, p. 80.
4921:
4916:
4914:
4906:
4901:
4894:
4889:
4882:
4877:
4870:
4865:
4858:
4853:
4846:
4841:
4834:
4829:
4822:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4801:
4796:
4789:
4784:
4777:
4772:
4765:
4760:
4758:
4750:
4745:
4738:
4733:
4731:
4723:
4718:
4711:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4694:
4689:
4682:
4677:
4670:
4665:
4663:
4655:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4638:
4633:
4626:
4621:
4619:
4611:
4607:
4602:
4595:
4590:
4583:
4578:
4571:
4566:
4559:
4554:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4533:, p. 96.
4532:
4527:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4505:
4500:
4493:
4488:
4481:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4460:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4422:
4417:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4391:
4386:
4379:
4374:
4367:
4362:
4355:
4350:
4343:
4338:
4331:
4326:
4319:
4314:
4307:
4302:
4295:
4290:
4288:
4280:
4275:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4251:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4232:
4227:
4220:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4195:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4165:
4158:
4153:
4146:
4141:
4134:
4129:
4122:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4105:
4100:
4093:
4088:
4086:
4078:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4061:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4042:
4037:
4030:
4025:
4018:
4013:
4006:
4001:
3995:, p. 79.
3994:
3989:
3987:
3979:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3943:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3902:
3895:
3890:
3888:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3865:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3848:
3843:
3836:
3831:
3825:, p. 95.
3824:
3819:
3812:
3807:
3800:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3776:
3771:
3764:
3759:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3737:
3732:
3725:
3720:
3713:
3708:
3701:
3696:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3673:
3668:
3661:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3644:
3639:
3632:
3627:
3620:
3615:
3608:
3603:
3596:
3591:
3584:
3579:
3572:
3567:
3560:
3555:
3548:
3543:
3536:
3531:
3524:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3500:
3495:
3488:
3483:
3476:
3471:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3447:
3440:
3435:
3429:, p. 98.
3428:
3423:
3416:
3411:
3404:
3399:
3392:
3387:
3380:
3375:
3368:
3363:
3356:
3351:
3344:
3339:
3332:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3303:
3297:, p. 55.
3296:
3291:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3261:, p. 25.
3260:
3255:
3248:
3243:
3236:
3231:
3225:, p. 43.
3224:
3219:
3212:
3207:
3200:
3195:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3174:, p. 81.
3173:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3118:, p. 48.
3117:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3013:
3009:
3003:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2954:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2922:
2918:
2917:1st Tank Army
2912:
2910:
2899:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2851:
2838:
2829:
2825:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2708:Leibstandarte
2705:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2677:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2639:Leibstandarte
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:Leibstandarte
2565:
2561:
2554:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2471:
2470:Leibstandarte
2467:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2444:
2440:
2439:Leibstandarte
2436:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2403:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2383:Leibstandarte
2375:
2366:
2364:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2262:BK 3,7 cannon
2261:
2256:
2255:Junkers Ju 87
2252:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:Leibstandarte
2231:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2215:
2213:
2212:Theodor Eicke
2206:
2202:
2201:Leibstandarte
2198:
2194:
2186:
2185:Leibstandarte
2181:
2179:
2171:
2170:Leibstandarte
2167:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2139:Leibstandarte
2136:
2132:
2125:
2124:Leibstandarte
2120:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2100:Leibstandarte
2094:
2093:Leibstandarte
2084:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2069:Theodor Eicke
2063:
2058:
2057:Leibstandarte
2053:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:Leibstandarte
1998:
1994:
1993:Leibstandarte
1990:
1986:
1985:Leibstandarte
1982:
1978:
1971:
1970:Leibstandarte
1963:
1962:Leibstandarte
1959:
1958:Leibstandarte
1955:
1953:
1949:
1948:Leibstandarte
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1932:Leibstandarte
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1916:Leibstandarte
1913:
1912:
1903:
1902:Eastern Front
1899:
1895:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1860:Major General
1857:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1832:17th Air Army
1829:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1788:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1753:
1752:Leibstandarte
1749:
1748:Leibstandarte
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:Leibstandarte
1730:
1726:
1722:
1721:Leibstandarte
1706:
1700:
1699:Leibstandarte
1695:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1684:Leibstandarte
1681:
1680:Leibstandarte
1677:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1660:Leibstandarte
1656:
1654:
1650:
1649:Leibstandarte
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1629:Leibstandarte
1621:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1570:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1514:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1446:anti-tank gun
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1417:8th Air Corps
1414:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1341:Field Marshal
1337:
1335:
1334:Georgy Zhukov
1330:
1329:Joseph Stalin
1327:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1171:attacked the
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:Eastern Front
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
952:
948:
947:
943:
942:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
898:
894:
892:
891:
887:
885:
882:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
840:
839:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
825:
821:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
791:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
774:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
757:
753:
752:
748:
747:
744:
743:
742:Little Saturn
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:Velikiye Luki
727:
725:
724:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
702:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
670:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
650:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
625:
624:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
587:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
532:
531:
530:
526:
525:
521:
520:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
503:
500:Naval warfare
499:
498:
495:
490:
489:Eastern Front
482:
477:
475:
470:
468:
463:
462:
459:
445:
429:
420:
415:
411:
408:
405:
404:
403:
400:
395:
392:
389:
388:
387:
384:
383:
378:
375:
371:
369:
365:
364:
359:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
324:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
294:
293:
289:
285:
284:
279:
277:
276:
271:
269:
268:
263:
262:
261:
260:
256:
255:
250:
244:
241:
239:
236:
235:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
217:
215:
210:
207:
206:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
191:
190:
185:
181:
169:
166:
154:
153:
148:
141:
137:
134:
133:
128:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
83:
79:12 July 1943
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
60:
56:
50:
45:
42:
38:
37:Eastern Front
34:
29:
24:
19:
10418:Soviet Union
10383:Bibliography
10366:
10179:Project Hula
10144:Vistula–Oder
10113:
10046:
10037:
10021:
9991:
9940:
9924:
9915:
9906:
9872:
9769:
9684:
9660:
9630:
9381:
9274:
9219:North Africa
8921:Soviet Union
8875:Soviet Union
8801:Soviet Union
8569:Vatican City
8479:Vichy France
8384:German Reich
8281:Soviet Union
8267:South Africa
8260:Sierra Leone
8213:Newfoundland
8032:Participants
8015:Marocchinate
7719:
7710:
7680:
7558:North Africa
7519:Indian Ocean
7378:Nazi plunder
7269:Cryptography
7142:World War II
7100:. Retrieved
7085:. Retrieved
7081:the original
7064:. Retrieved
7060:the original
7043:. Retrieved
7039:the original
7032:
7019:. Retrieved
7015:the original
6999:. Retrieved
6995:the original
6990:
6958:
6935:
6916:
6912:
6891:
6887:
6868:
6849:
6830:
6806:
6784:
6762:
6735:
6716:
6712:
6687:
6681:
6662:
6643:
6624:
6606:Random House
6604:. New York:
6601:
6578:. New York:
6573:
6545:
6526:
6514:. Retrieved
6510:the original
6506:World War II
6505:
6478:
6459:
6432:
6413:
6392:
6376:
6353:
6334:
6315:
6296:
6271:
6254:the original
6239:
6186:
6160:
6141:
6138:Clark, Lloyd
6130:the original
6125:
6102:
6089:the original
6063:
6053:Bibliography
6039:
6032:Zamulin 2012
6027:
6020:Zamulin 2012
6011:
5999:
5988:Zamulin 2012
5979:
5952:
5940:
5928:
5916:
5909:Zamulin 2011
5904:
5892:
5880:
5873:Zamulin 2012
5858:Zamulin 2012
5837:
5825:
5813:
5806:Zamulin 2011
5801:
5785:
5778:Zamulin 2011
5773:
5746:
5734:
5722:
5715:Zamulin 2017
5710:
5703:Frieser 2017
5698:
5691:Zamulin 2011
5667:
5655:
5643:
5631:
5609:Frieser 2017
5587:
5558:
5551:Zamulin 2011
5536:Zamulin 2011
5531:
5519:
5507:
5495:
5488:Barbier 2002
5483:
5476:Zamulin 2011
5471:
5459:
5447:
5435:
5423:
5396:
5384:
5372:
5360:
5353:Barbier 2002
5348:
5321:
5258:
5247:Barbier 2002
5238:
5211:
5169:
5157:
5145:
5133:
5111:Zamulin 2012
5106:
5062:
5050:
5038:
5026:
5014:
4987:
4975:
4963:
4951:
4939:
4927:
4900:
4888:
4876:
4864:
4857:Zamulin 2011
4852:
4840:
4828:
4795:
4783:
4771:
4744:
4717:
4688:
4676:
4632:
4625:Zamulin 2011
4601:
4594:Barbier 2002
4589:
4577:
4565:
4553:
4526:
4499:
4487:
4416:
4385:
4373:
4361:
4349:
4337:
4325:
4313:
4301:
4274:
4226:
4164:
4152:
4145:Zamulin 2011
4140:
4128:
4099:
4036:
4024:
4012:
4000:
3942:Zamulin 2011
3937:
3925:
3913:
3901:
3842:
3830:
3818:
3806:
3794:
3782:
3770:
3758:
3736:Zamulin 2011
3731:
3724:Zamulin 2011
3719:
3707:
3700:Zamulin 2011
3695:
3688:Zamulin 2011
3679:
3667:
3638:
3626:
3614:
3602:
3590:
3578:
3566:
3559:Zamulin 2011
3554:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3506:
3494:
3482:
3475:Zamulin 2011
3470:
3458:
3451:Zamulin 2011
3446:
3434:
3427:Zamulin 2011
3422:
3410:
3398:
3386:
3374:
3362:
3350:
3338:
3326:
3314:
3302:
3290:
3278:
3266:
3254:
3242:
3230:
3218:
3206:
3194:
3187:Zamulin 2017
3141:
3132:
3123:
3111:
3019:
3002:
2977:
2898:
2863:Zamulin 2011
2835:
2826:
2822:
2813:
2800:
2796:
2774:
2770:
2752:
2736:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2683:
2669:
2667:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2615:Southwestern
2612:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2587:
2583:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2541:
2529:Walter Model
2521:East Prussia
2506:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2459:
2449:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2424:interceded.
2407:
2404:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2380:
2360:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2311:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2269:
2259:
2250:
2247:
2237:
2233:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2182:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2152:
2143:
2138:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2033:Guards units
2030:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1928:assault guns
1923:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1844:
1828:2nd Air Army
1825:
1808:
1792:
1783:
1758:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1729:Kartashyovka
1724:
1720:
1717:
1698:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1659:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1640:
1628:
1626:
1612:
1603:
1598:
1591:
1587:
1579:
1575:
1558:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1532:Donets River
1529:
1521:
1519:
1461:Steppe Front
1423:
1421:
1410:
1406:Otto Deßloch
1390:Hermann Hoth
1379:Paul Hausser
1368:
1359:
1356:Adolf Hitler
1338:
1311:
1265:
1259:
1248:
1229:
1227:
1223:Steppe Front
1216:
1209:
1187:
1185:in history.
1183:tank battles
1176:
1153:Soviet Union
1140:
1138:
1084:
1008:
989:Lake Balaton
977:
962:East Prussia
951:Vistula–Oder
949:
895:
888:
876:
822:
811:2nd Smolensk
788:
772:
755:
741:
734:
721:
699:
667:
646:Air war 1941
621:
584:
560:1st Smolensk
527:
516:Arctic Ocean
401:
385:
368:assault guns
323:Other units
322:
290:
282:
274:
266:
257:
209:Otto Deßloch
201:Paul Hausser
196:Hermann Hoth
180:Soviet Union
150:Belligerents
98:Soviet Union
94:Russian SFSR
41:World War II
31:Part of the
18:
10114:Bodenplatte
10000:Gothic Line
9226:West Africa
8773:Philippines
8752:Netherlands
8617:Czech lands
8555:Switzerland
8499:Afghanistan
8450:Philippines
8318:Puerto Rico
8234:Philippines
8220:New Zealand
8206:Netherlands
8159:Free France
7910:Prosecution
7711:Osoaviakhim
7581:West Africa
7565:East Africa
7212:Conferences
7031:"Review of
6217:|work=
6004:Newton 2002
5972:Newton 2002
5897:Glantz 2012
5624:Bauman 1998
5563:Bauman 1998
5452:Newton 2002
4610:Moscow Time
3684:Newton 2002
3643:Bauman 1998
3367:Glantz 2013
3283:Glantz 2013
3259:Glantz 1986
2625:across the
2592:Belenikhino
2517:Wolf's Lair
2489:Komsomolets
2433:instructed
2342:Komsomolets
2230:half-tracks
2178:direct fire
2166:Komsomolets
2135:tank desant
1979:Battalion.
1977:Panzerjäger
1904:, July 1943
1850:the Soviet
1604:Komsomolets
1502:Panzer IIIs
1263:elsewhere.
1145:Prokhorovka
1085:Prokhorovka
784:Gorky Blitz
779:3rd Kharkov
695:2nd Kharkov
597:1st Kharkov
592:Sea of Azov
402:on 12 July
386:on 12 July
122: /
90:Prokhorovka
55:Prokhorovka
10428:Categories
10214:West Hunan
10047:Pointblank
9383:Silver Fox
9369:Summer War
9122:Winter War
9101:Phoney War
8882:Azerbaijan
8843:Yugoslavia
8738:Luxembourg
8580:Resistance
8327:Yugoslavia
8192:Luxembourg
7994:Sook Ching
7790:War crimes
7392:Technology
7385:Opposition
7327:Lend-Lease
7304:Australian
7297:Home front
7255:Blitzkrieg
7205:Casualties
7196:Commanders
7168:Operations
7087:1 November
5984:Clark 2012
5885:Clark 2012
5790:Clark 2012
5751:Overy 1997
5636:Healy 2010
5401:Clark 2012
5389:Healy 2010
5377:Clark 2012
5365:Healy 2010
5314:Healy 2010
5299:Clark 2012
5263:Clark 2012
5251:Clark 2012
5231:Clark 2012
5204:Clark 2012
5082:Clark 2012
5043:Clark 2012
5031:Clark 2012
4980:Clark 2012
4968:Clark 2012
4749:Clark 2012
4722:Clark 2012
4570:Clark 2012
4558:Clark 2012
4421:Clark 2012
4378:Healy 2008
4306:Healy 2008
4294:Clark 2012
4279:Healy 2008
4219:Brand 2003
4173:Brand 2003
4060:Clark 2012
3930:Clark 2012
3906:Clark 2012
3894:Clark 2012
3835:Clark 2012
3799:Clark 2012
3787:Clark 2012
3775:Clark 2012
3712:Clark 2012
3660:Clark 2012
3607:Clark 2012
3595:Clark 2012
3523:Healy 2008
3499:Clark 2012
3487:Clark 2012
3415:Clark 2012
3391:Clark 2012
3319:Clark 2012
3307:Clark 2012
3271:Clark 2012
3247:Clark 2012
3223:Healy 2008
3211:Clark 2012
2995:Clark 2012
2962:Clark 2012
2883:Clark 2012
2841:References
2584:Der Führer
2481:Oktyabrsky
2363:air combat
2353:, not the
2260:Bordkanone
2244:Air combat
2238:Oktyabrsky
2193:Oktyabrsky
2107:Oktyabrsky
1877:See also:
1852:7th Guards
1809:Jagdpanzer
1807:Ferdinand
1799:88 mm guns
1664:Oktyabrsky
1607:State Farm
1468:Ivan Konev
1438:minefields
1411:Luftflotte
1320:rasputitsa
1274:Background
1194:enveloping
908:2nd Baltic
903:Dukla Pass
890:Doppelkopf
862:2nd Crimea
806:2nd Donbas
796:1st Donbas
773:Polar Star
723:Stalingrad
607:Sevastopol
602:1st Crimea
545:1st Baltic
529:Barbarossa
506:Baltic Sea
110:36°44′11″E
64:Psel River
10279:Manchuria
10165:Indochina
9941:Bagration
9392:Lithuania
9037:Anschluss
8834:Viet Minh
8731:Lithuania
8673:Hong Kong
8443:Manchukuo
8398:Azad Hind
8057:Australia
7857:Aftermath
7720:Paperclip
7615:Aftermath
7415:Total war
7283:Diplomacy
7246:In Europe
7102:12 August
6704:144132258
6454:(2004) .
6250:320412485
6219:ignored (
6209:cite book
6044:Nipe 2012
5794:Nipe 2012
5739:Nipe 2012
5660:Nipe 2012
5524:Nipe 2012
5428:Nipe 2012
5243:Nipe 2012
4992:Nipe 2012
4944:Nipe 2010
4881:Nipe 2010
4869:Nipe 2010
4821:Nipe 1998
4800:Nipe 2010
4788:Nipe 2010
4776:Nipe 2010
4710:Nipe 2010
4681:Nipe 2010
4366:Nipe 2012
4250:Nipe 2010
4231:Nipe 2010
4177:Nipe 2010
4092:Dunn 1997
3961:Nipe 2010
3879:Dunn 1997
3864:Nipe 2010
3089:Citations
2875:Nipe 1998
2704:Totenkopf
2695:Panzer II
2670:Wehrmacht
2658:Totenkopf
2654:Das Reich
2650:Totenkopf
2646:Das Reich
2608:Totenkopf
2604:Das Reich
2596:Das Reich
2588:Das Reich
2572:Das Reich
2564:Totenkopf
2560:Das Reich
2497:Totenkopf
2493:Totenkopf
2477:Totenkopf
2466:Totenkopf
2462:Totenkopf
2450:Das Reich
2443:Totenkopf
2435:Totenkopf
2400:Totenkopf
2392:Das Reich
2387:Totenkopf
2312:Luftwaffe
2251:Luftwaffe
2224:magnetic
2205:Totenkopf
2197:Totenkopf
2077:Totenkopf
2073:Das Reich
2062:Totenkopf
2012:Totenkopf
1997:Totenkopf
1989:Totenkopf
1981:Das Reich
1952:Das Reich
1944:Totenkopf
1940:Totenkopf
1936:Das Reich
1924:Totenkopf
1920:Das Reich
1911:Waffen-SS
1894:Panzer IV
1816:Panzer IV
1759:Das Reich
1741:Totenkopf
1737:Das Reich
1725:Totenkopf
1688:Das Reich
1676:Totenkopf
1672:Totenkopf
1653:Das Reich
1641:Totenkopf
1613:Das Reich
1602:captured
1592:Totenkopf
1545:Luftwaffe
1260:Wehrmacht
1231:Wehrmacht
1178:Waffen-SS
1151:, in the
933:Gumbinnen
878:Bagration
717:Sinyavino
701:Case Blue
586:Leningrad
511:Black Sea
283:Totenkopf
275:Das Reich
107:51°2′11″N
10390:Category
10339:document
10249:document
10106:Ardennes
10090:Budapest
10038:Crossbow
9916:Overlord
9755:Smolensk
8973:Timeline
8808:Slovakia
8794:Thailand
8645:Ethiopia
8610:Bulgaria
8534:Portugal
8472:Thailand
8354:Bulgaria
8132:Eswatini
8125:Ethiopia
8078:Bulgaria
7903:Unit 731
7864:Response
7681:Keelhaul
7631:Cold War
7604:Americas
7595:timeline
7588:Atlantic
7468:Theaters
6829:(1991).
6805:(2010).
6783:(2012).
6600:(2013).
6570:(1997).
6268:(1995).
6185:(2017).
6140:(2012).
2691:Panzer I
2635:Belgorod
2631:6th Army
2619:Southern
2533:9th Army
2266:gun pods
2142:attack.
1847:Rzhavets
1830:and the
1709:Planning
1169:Red Army
1105:Belgorod
978:Solstice
938:Budapest
928:Courland
918:Debrecen
913:Belgrade
835:2nd Kiev
707:Caucasus
680:Demyansk
641:Chechnya
575:1st Kiev
361:Strength
85:Location
10316:Shumshu
10083:Hungary
10030:Estonia
10014:Lapland
9992:Dragoon
9925:Neptune
9907:Ichi-Go
9873:Tempest
9815:Changde
9770:Cottage
9662:Jubilee
9378:Finland
9276:Compass
8982:Prelude
8935:Finland
8821:Vietnam
8787:Romania
8659:Germany
8638:Estonia
8624:Denmark
8603:Belgium
8596:Austria
8589:Albania
8520:Ireland
8506:Andorra
8490:Neutral
8457:Romania
8391:Hungary
8376:Finland
8248:Romania
8140:Finland
8118:Denmark
8064:Belgium
8050:Algeria
7756:Romania
7742:Hungary
7498:Pacific
7222:General
7176:Leaders
7161:Battles
7154:Outline
7066:19 June
7045:17 July
7021:17 July
7001:17 July
6516:17 July
6458:(ed.).
2903:listed.
2806:during
2767:Outcome
2740:SU-122s
2308:sorties
1900:on the
1892:German
1454:General
1376:General
1238:, with
1219:Reserve
1198:salient
1110:Kharkov
1090:Kutuzov
1080:Citadel
972:Breslau
967:Silesia
872:Karelia
824:Dnieper
690:Bamberg
631:Finland
580:Tallinn
165:Germany
35:on the
10404:Portal
10293:Debate
10265:Taipei
10258:Borneo
9836:Tarawa
9030:Europe
8991:Africa
8780:Poland
8766:Norway
8745:Malaya
8724:Latvia
8666:Greece
8652:France
8548:Sweden
8513:Bhutan
8241:Poland
8227:Norway
8199:Mexico
8166:Greece
8152:France
8090:Canada
8071:Brazil
8041:Allies
7987:Serbia
7976:Poland
7749:Poland
7735:Baltic
7528:Europe
7230:Topics
7182:Allied
6965:
6942:
6875:
6856:
6837:
6815:
6791:
6769:
6742:
6723:
6702:
6669:
6650:
6631:
6612:
6586:
6556:
6533:
6489:
6466:
6439:
6420:
6383:
6364:
6341:
6322:
6303:
6284:
6248:
6197:
6171:
6148:
6109:
6072:
2744:SU-76s
2725:Soviet
2680:German
2673:'s
2642:'s
2599:'s
2523:. The
2473:'s
2446:'s
2409:Stavka
2322:1 and
2208:'s
2188:'s
2173:'s
2127:'s
2103:'s
2096:'s
2087:Battle
2065:'s
2000:'s
1973:'s
1965:'s
1950:, and
1938:, and
1922:, and
1755:'s
1744:'s
1702:'s
1553:Oboyan
1444:, and
1434:panzer
1353:Fuhrer
1294:pocket
1217:Stavka
1211:Stavka
1202:Hitler
1095:Roland
1016:Prague
1010:Berlin
999:Vienna
816:Lenino
658:Lyuban
623:Moscow
612:Rostov
570:Odessa
177:
162:
135:Result
10069:Leyte
9899:Narva
9885:Anzio
9843:Makin
9801:Burma
9685:Torch
9654:Rzhev
9615:Kiska
8701:Korea
8687:Japan
8680:Italy
8562:Tibet
8541:Spain
8419:Italy
8180:Italy
8173:India
8097:China
7972:Japan
7572:Italy
7484:China
7436:Women
6989:[
6957:[
6715:[
6700:S2CID
6257:(PDF)
6236:(PDF)
2846:Notes
2041:T-34s
1795:Tiger
1787:Oryol
1206:Tiger
1149:Kursk
857:Narva
830:Nevel
790:Kursk
756:Iskra
685:Kholm
669:Rzhev
636:Kerch
617:Gorky
550:Brody
535:Brest
10135:1945
9863:1944
9704:1943
9632:Blue
9622:Attu
9529:1942
9288:1941
9140:1940
9078:1939
9007:Asia
8854:POWs
8694:Jews
8412:Iraq
8338:Axis
8288:Tuva
8104:Cuba
7189:Axis
7104:2017
7089:2014
7068:2013
7047:2015
7023:2015
7003:2015
6963:ISBN
6940:ISBN
6873:ISBN
6854:ISBN
6835:ISBN
6813:ISBN
6789:ISBN
6767:ISBN
6740:ISBN
6721:ISBN
6667:ISBN
6648:ISBN
6629:ISBN
6610:ISBN
6584:ISBN
6554:ISBN
6531:ISBN
6518:2015
6487:ISBN
6464:ISBN
6437:ISBN
6418:ISBN
6381:ISBN
6362:ISBN
6339:ISBN
6320:ISBN
6301:ISBN
6282:ISBN
6246:OCLC
6221:help
6195:ISBN
6169:ISBN
6146:ISBN
6107:ISBN
6070:ISBN
3077:See
3061:See
3043:see
2758:and
2742:, 3
2693:and
2656:and
2648:and
2627:Mius
2617:and
2566:and
2299:and
2199:and
2045:T-70
1896:and
1856:69th
1854:and
1803:T-34
1678:and
1523:Heer
1520:The
1504:and
1374:and
1139:The
944:1945
841:1944
749:1943
735:Mars
652:1942
565:Uman
522:1941
138:See
75:Date
6921:doi
6896:doi
6692:doi
2586:of
2531:'s
2519:in
2302:StG
2295:StG
2264:in
1506:IVs
1485:'s
1477:'s
1408:'s
1396:of
1381:'s
1366:).
412:14
39:of
10430::
9883:/
6917:18
6915:.
6911:.
6892:34
6890:.
6698:.
6688:25
6686:.
6608:.
6582:.
6552:.
6504:.
6485:.
6408:).
6399:,
6360:.
6280:.
6238:.
6213::
6211:}}
6207:{{
6193:.
6167:.
5964:^
5865:^
5758:^
5679:^
5616:^
5599:^
5570:^
5543:^
5408:^
5333:^
5306:^
5287:^
5270:^
5223:^
5196:^
5181:^
5118:^
5089:^
5074:^
4999:^
4912:^
4807:^
4756:^
4729:^
4700:^
4661:^
4644:^
4617:^
4538:^
4511:^
4466:^
4445:^
4428:^
4397:^
4286:^
4257:^
4238:^
4201:^
4184:^
4175:;
4111:^
4084:^
4067:^
4048:^
3985:^
3968:^
3949:^
3886:^
3871:^
3854:^
3743:^
3650:^
3179:^
3150:^
3096:^
3070:^
3052:^
3036:^
2952:^
2928:^
2908:^
2854:^
2331:51
2329:JG
2320:SG
2304:77
2288:SG
2023:.
1995:.
1934:,
1918:,
1686:,
1655:.
1548:.
1489:.
1440:,
96:,
92:,
10406::
9386:)
9380:(
8254:)
8250:(
8186:)
8182:(
8146:)
8142:(
8084:)
8080:(
7134:e
7127:t
7120:v
7106:.
7091:.
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7049:.
7035:"
7025:.
7005:.
6971:.
6948:.
6929:.
6923::
6902:.
6898::
6881:.
6862:.
6843:.
6821:.
6797:.
6775:.
6748:.
6729:.
6706:.
6694::
6675:.
6656:.
6637:.
6618:.
6592:.
6562:.
6539:.
6520:.
6495:.
6472:.
6445:.
6426:.
6389:.
6370:.
6347:.
6328:.
6309:.
6290:.
6223:)
6203:.
6177:.
6154:.
6115:.
6078:.
5875:.
4823:.
4612:.
4221:.
3081:.
3065:.
3047:.
2960:(
2715:1
2326:/
2297:2
2290:1
1413:4
1362:(
1057:e
1050:t
1043:v
480:e
473:t
466:v
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