622:
613:, commanding an Irish regiment. The French then panicked and withdrew to the bridge, disobeying the orders of Marillac. They then rallied and the count of Saligny, with a group of pikemen, charged again. They were, however, repelled and lost a commander. They charged a final time, were repelled again and withdraw from battle and crossed the bridge back, chased by the English. While routing the French made Marillac fall from his horse. The English put an end to the chase and crossed the bridge back to the island of Loix. The guarding of the bridge was given to Sir Piers Crosby. A few days later, when the sailing conditions became better, Crosby burned the bridge, and the surviving English forces embarked on their ships.
638:; L'isle Montmartin ; Pierre Arnaud, mestre de camp of the regiment of Champagne; Alexandre of Garnier, Lord of the Garets; de Jonquieres; Jean-Louis the 1st of Louët of Calvisson; and Jacques of Castelnau of La Mauvissière. Toiras himself fought, sword in hand. The English soldiers fled on every side, in the marshes, on the ditches' crossings, in the vineyards, constantly under fire from the French troops that chased them. Schonberg ordered the French troops pursuing the English to Loix to stop because they needed to rally and reorganize. Furthermore, night was falling. The retreat was signaled. The maréchal had the bridge guarded until he was certain that the English army had withdrawn from the island's soil.
630:
the
English arsenal. Marillac gave the order to move the arsenal a hundred feet back. The count of Saligny then arrived with a few fresh men. He fought remarkably, and the English soldiers lifted up their pikes and marched towards him. He only had a dozen men left, including Feuquiere and Porcheux, captain of the guards regiment, that stood their ground and held the line. The men around Marillac pulled back in disorder, in spite of his orders, and even made him fall down. Saligny and his men, however, held on and contained the English, allowing the French soldiers to get refreshed and return to the melee. The fight lasted for two hours, after which the French triumphed over the English.
600:. The English infantry intervened but also was defeated. Two regiments of the French infantry, the Piémont regiment, commanded by François Duval de Fontenay-Mareuil, and the Champagne regiment commanded by Pierre Arnaud arrived in the melee. An important part of the English forces was violently pushed in the many muddy ditches in the area. The two English battalions before the bridge were defeated. A few rochelais protestants managed to cross the bridge. The French then started crossing the bridge, killing everyone in their way, notably Sir Charles Rich and Sir Alexander Brett, that tried to defend it. There are two different versions of the outcome of the battle.
681:
592:, was informed by Marillac of the English position. The English vanguard started to engage itself, slowly, because of the narrowness, on the bridge of Feneau. Judging the time to be right, the Maréchal ordered the cavalry captain Bussi-Lamet to charge the English rearguard with his squadron. He was followed closely by Marillac and Schomberg himself, leading the rest of the cavalry. The English cavaliers retaliated but were defeated. Many English were killed, including Sir William Cunningham, and others were captured, including
130:
43:
634:
in the melee: the marquis of
Annonay, Charles de Lévis-Ventadour, who would later become duke of Ventadour; Antoine d'Aumont de Rochebaron, marquis of Villequier; the knight of Chappe and his brother; Jean of Estampes-Valençay, baron of Valençay; the count of Charraux or Chârost Louis of Béthune, who would later become captain of the King's bodyguards; the count of Saligny, "a man of heart and of unique virtue"; Isaac of Raynié, Lord of Drouet; L'isle-Cerillac ;
141:
264:
661:
his body (but "the injury was without danger"); De Iade, the captain of
Schonberg's bodyguards and his squire took a pistol shot to the knee; Cussigny (André, lord of Cussigny and the barres ?), injured by a pike stab to the throat, and Porcheux having had his thigh torn. Toiras himself nearly got injured, taking two pistol shots that holed his hat.
700:, a French protestant. Buckingham, after having let his troops rest, left on 17 November to return to England after 3 months and 6 days of battle, promising to the rochelais protestants who had re-supplied his troops with fresh water twice to return with a bigger army. He would however not be able to stay true to his word, being assassinated by
544:, where their ships were anchored. Because of bad food, many soldiers in their army were sick. The army was commanded by George Villiers, the first duke of Buckingham, and was composed of 12 infantry regiments and 4 cannons, as well as several volunteer rochelais protestants, all covered by the cavalry, consisting of about 68 horses.
585:, Sir Alexander Brett and the lieutenant of Sir Thomas Morton (he being sick), were getting ready to cross the bridge with the four cannons. The two last battalions, that had not yet engaged themselves on the bridge, were commanded by Colonel Sir William Courtney, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Edward Hawley and Sir Ralph Bingley.
629:
Marillac dismounted from his horse and took over the command of the forces. After having crossed the bridge, the French forces captured the four small cannons of the
English artillery. Few French soldiers fought on the front line, as a large part of the French forces took time capturing prisoners and
688:
Toiras went back to the citadel of Saint-Martin, where the prisoners were also taken, to keep track of the Anglo-Rochelaise fleet. Some of the prisoners were ransomed. Schomberg returned to Saint-Martin as well to rest. He preferred not to leave the island until he was sure of the final departure of
660:
The Maréchal de
Schonberg did not say a word about the French casualties, however, they were probably close to 500 or 600. The injured included the Général des Galères, Pierre de Gondi, having received two pistol shots to the shoulder; the Marquis of Villequier having received a musket shot through
633:
The
English army was in a mass rout. The causeway to Loix was covered in bodies, the ditches were full of men that were knocked unconscious in the mud. Some English soldiers swore they were Catholic, even showing rosaries and asking for mercy, but the French were ruthless. Many French noblemen were
649:
The outcome of the battle was very costly for the
English, counting about 1.800 dead; including 5 colonels; 3 lieutenant-colonels; 20 gentlemen, including Sir Henry Spry, Sir Charles Rich, Sir Alexander Brett, Sir Ralph Bingley, Sir William Cunningham, and 150 officers; and a thousand injured. 46
547:
Not having seen the French forces since their retreat from Saint-Martin, Buckingham's troops thought the French would not attack and, growing reckless, were neither walking in closed or open ranks. They arrived at the wooden bridge of the Feneau that they had built when they first landed on the
576:
The
English vanguard marched towards Loix. Two English battalions, commanded by colonels Sir Edward Conway, Sir Peregrine Barty, Sir Henery Spry, had crossed the bridge. Another battalion, led by Colonel Sir Charles Rich, the brother of the count of Holland
608:
After having crossed the bridge, the French forces, guided by
Marillac, confronted Sir Thomas Fryar and Lieutenant-Colonel Hackluit commanding 40 pikes and 20 musketeers guarding the artillery and munitions. They were rapidly assisted by
654:), grand master of the artillery; 35 captains or officers; 12 gentlemen; and between 100 and 120 soldiers. Every English horse, including Buckingham's, was captured, as well as the 4 cannons.
1077:
Le
Mercure françois ou la Suitte de l'histoire de la paix commençant l'an 1605 pour suite du Septénaire du D. Cayer, et finissant au sacre du très grand Roy de France et de Navarre Louis XIII
451:
684:"Messire de Schonberg après la victoire, présente les anglois captifs à sa majesté" (Messire de Schonberg after the victory, presents the English prisoners to his majesty), XVIIth century
1050:
Histoire du Mareschal de Toiras, où se voient les effets de la valeur et de la fidélité, avec ceux de l'envie et de la jalousie de la cour, ennemies de la vertu des grands Hommes
937:
A New naval history, or, compleat view of the British marine, in which the Royal Navy and the Merchant's Service are traced through all their periods and different branches
657:
Colonel Grey fell in a salt-pit during the battle, and shouted out to save his life, "A hundred thousand crowns for my ransom!". He was therefore captured and not killed.
729:"La défaite des Anglais en l'île de Ré par l'armée française le 8 novembre 1627", (the defeat of the English on île de Ré by the French army on the 8th of November 1627)
846:
444:
252:
322:
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312:
715:
Two centuries later, salt producers near the bridge of Feneau opened a pit to bury the many bones, bullets, and cannonballs scattered around on the ground.
1005:
La Promotion des Lieutenans généraux des armées du Roi, du 25. Juillet 1762. & les Maréchaux de camp depuis la création de cette Charge jusqu'en 1715
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1241:
245:
1226:
635:
1115:"Charles de LĂ©vis-Ventadourhttp://www.histoireeurope.fr/RechercheLocution.php?Locutions=Charles de LĂ©vis-Ventadour - Histoire de l'Europe"
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Of the 46 flags, the first having been captured by Sieur de Belinghem helped by Sieur de MoĂĽy de la Mailleraye, all were sent to Paris by
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527:. It took place on 8 November 1627. The English lost the battle, and this final failure forced them to withdraw back to England.
178:
157:
882:
Histoire politique, civile et religieuse de la Saintonge et de l'Aunis: depuis les premiers temps historiques jusqu'Ă nos jours
847:"" La Défaite des Anglais en l'Île de Ré par l'armée française le 8 novembre 1627 " de L. de La Hyre | Le blog des collections"
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625:"Combat et victoire obtenue sur les Anglois" (combat and victory obtained on the English) by Michel de la Mathoniere, 1627
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The English forces, having been defeated earlier that day at the siege of Saint-Martin, pulled back to the village of
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flags were captured. The captured included Milord Montjoye, cavalry commandant; the colonel Milord Grey (possibly
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The air was fire and smoke, the land was covered in cadavers, and the water was reddened by the blood.
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between December 1627 and early 1628. The painting is large, at 112x120 cm. It is conserved in Paris,
1022:
Dictionnaire historique et biographique des généraux français, depuis le onzième siècle jusqu'en 1820
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596:, colonel of the English cavalry, and half-brother of Sir Charles Rich and the count Holland,
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Histoire de la guerre des Huguenots faicte en France, sous le regne du Roy Louys XIII
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Histoire de l'île de Ré depuis les premiers temps historiques jusqu'à nos jours
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Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ. Familiar Letters Domestic and Forren - Fourth edition
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On the English side, about 2.000 survivors were on the ships including
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island, that linked the island of Loix to the rest of l'île de ré.
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on 23 August 1628, before the departure of the second expedition.
263:
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Chroniques ordinaires des petits moments de la vie rétaise
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A compleat history of the life and raigne of King Charles
773:. Paris: J.-B. Fellens et L.-P. Dufour. pp. 342–347.
588:
The Maréchal de Schomberg, having crossed the village of
1019:
de Courcelles, Jean Baptiste Pierre Jullien (1820).
556:The French troops were commanded by the Maréchal
212:About 3.500 soldiers, 68 cavaliers, and 4 cannons
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225:About 1800 soldiers, 68 cavaliers, and 4 canons
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1080:. Paris. 1627. pp. Book 14, page 199.
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696:, lord of Soubise and younger brother of
171:
1102:. Paris: Toussaint du Bray. p. 501.
1053:. Paris: SĂ©bastien Cramoisy. p. 98.
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560:who, informed of the English retreat by
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1008:. Paris: Claude Herissant. p. 108.
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1242:Military history of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
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209:About 4.500 soldiers and 200 cavaliers
16:Last battle, failed English withdrawal
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1212:Warfare of the early modern period
1175:"La défaite des Anglais au Feneau"
1145:. London: Thomas Guy. p. 185.
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917:. La Rochelle: impr. G. Mareschal.
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977:"Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland"
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803:. London: Whittingham. p.
673:and displayed on the vaults of
598:Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland
579:Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland
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1181:(in French). 23 September 2014
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1247:History of Charente-Maritime
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463:Anglo-French War (1627–1629)
35:Anglo-French War (1627–1629)
24:Battle of the Pont du Feneau
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513:siege of Saint-Martin-de-RĂ©
511:was the last battle of the
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1207:Military history of France
853:(in French). 17 April 2014
851:collections.musee-armee.fr
723:The battle was painted by
1237:Battles involving England
1096:Baron de Chabans (1634).
911:Eugène, Kemmerer (1868).
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1047:Baudier, Michel (1644).
797:Edward, Herbert (1860).
509:Battle of Pont du Feneau
169:Pierre de Gondil (
1161:www.notre-ile-de-re.com
885:. Saintes. p. 376.
770:Les Trois Mousquetaires
745:French Wars of Religion
735:, hĂ´tel des Invalides.
1139:Howell, James (1673).
939:. London. p. 427.
879:Massiou, M.D. (1836).
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152:Commanders and leaders
1119:www.histoireeurope.fr
1025:. Paris. p. 154.
935:John, Entick (1757).
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671:Claude de Saint-Simon
642:Outcome of the battle
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333:Treaty of Montpellier
217:Casualties and losses
1157:"Laurent de La Hyre"
751:Notes and references
581:and half brother of
419:War of the Camisards
51:depicting the battle
1002:Pinard, M. (1763).
521:Huguenot rebellions
293:Saint-Jean-d'Angély
270:Huguenot rebellions
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31:Huguenot rebellions
957:. 13 December 1588
831:. London. p.
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162:Henri de Schomberg
146:Kingdom of England
72:Bridge of Feneau,
49:Laurent de La Hyre
1217:Conflicts in 1627
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694:Benjamin de Rohan
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536:English side
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318:Nègrepelisse
47:Painting by
18:
702:John Felton
552:French side
525:La Rochelle
486:La Rochelle
414:Dragonnades
382:La Rochelle
328:Montpellier
298:La Rochelle
98: /
1201:Categories
710:Portsmouth
675:Notre-Dame
590:La Couarde
572:The battle
313:Saint-Foix
123:Combatants
83:46°13′01″N
1252:ĂŽle de RĂ©
1185:27 August
1124:26 August
987:25 August
961:25 August
857:25 August
719:Posterity
665:Aftermath
408:Aftermath
397:Montauban
355:RĂ© island
303:Montauban
222:About 550
86:1°27′18″W
74:ĂŽle de RĂ©
739:See also
204:Strength
68:Location
33:and the
29:Part of
704:at the
517:English
515:by the
366:1627–29
282:1621–22
185: (
496:Quebec
387:Privas
350:Blavet
288:Saumur
111:Result
308:Royan
1187:2017
1126:2017
989:2017
963:2017
859:2017
542:Loix
507:The
392:Alès
344:1625
60:Date
805:227
727:in
708:in
523:of
196:POW
188:POW
172:WIA
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