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638:, and headed down the river to return to England. General Ashe trailed after Campbell, and on February 26 camped near the confluence of Brier Creek and the Savannah River, about 15 miles (24 km) to the north. Ashe set his men to repairing the bridge. While encamped there, he was joined by about 200 light cavalry and some additional light infantry units, swelling his force to about 1,300 men.
763:. This waterway has a length of approximately 80 miles (130 kilometers). In many places along the length of its course it is 30 to 50 feet (9.1 to 15.2 meters) in width. Near its mouth it is sometimes as broad as 80 feet (24 meters). Much of the lowest portion of the creek is bordered by the Tuckahoe Wildlife Management Area, which contains a significant portion of the battlefield.
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Elbert's men moved forward to close the range. Two things then occurred to create a gap in the
American line. Elbert's men drifted left as they advanced, partially screening the fire from the New Bern men, and British cavalry threatened the right, drawing the Edenton men away from the center. Seeing this opening, Prevost ordered his men to fix bayonets and charge.
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They acted as a screen against discovery of the ongoing work, and cut off Ashe's escape route. Prevost's full party had crossed the river by dawn on March 3. While participants later disagreed on whether or not patrols from Ashe's camp were aware of the
British movement, he took no particular action to guard against the possibility.
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The
British counted five killed and eleven wounded. The carnage on the American side was never fully tallied, as many militiamen retreated all the way back to North Carolina, and an unknown number drowned in the swamps. Prevost reported that 150 American bodies were found on the battlefield, and that
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and varying musket calibers. When the
American lines were finally formed, the left side was flanked by Brier Creek, but there was a large gap on the right side, between the end of the line and the river. The left was held by the North Carolina New Bern regiment, the center by a combination of Georgia
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Colonel
Prevost decided to execute an attack plan devised by Campbell before he left. This plan involved making a large loop, crossing over Brier Creek at a bridge further north and west, and then moving south and trapping Ashe's men on the triangle of land where the creek and the river met. A decoy
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The site at which Ashe made his camp has been criticized by contemporary sources and modern historians. With its back to the creek and swampy lands, its front presented no particular opportunities for defense. Ashe's adjutant, William Bryan recognized some of these problems, and after Ashe left camp
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This is a digital scan of a 1953 'Christmas Card' mailed by Clyde D. Hollingsworth to various recipients in and about
Screven County, Georgia. The map included in the mailed 'Christmas Card' is a simplified version of the map displayed on the Georgia State historical marker describing the actions of
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Anthony Lytle, the commander of the
American light infantry, dispersed his men to avoid capture. General Ashe was seen riding after the militia companies, and was widely blamed for the disaster, often amid claims that he led the retreat. A court martial acquitted him of charges of cowardice, but did
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forms a significant geographic constraint upon movement in that area between the forks formed by the creek and river. The land surrounding the creek and river is often swampy, and movement across both waterways is greatly constrained. This lay of the land contributed to the location and consequences
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On the afternoon of March 3, a rider galloped into the
American camp, warning of the British approach. While the exact amount of time they had to deploy is uncertain, the relatively hurried nature of their deployment was clear. The number of troops that actually formed up was about 900, as a number
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Prevost's troops approached in three columns. Baird's light infantry were on the left, the 1st battalion of the 71st was in the center, and
Carolina provincials and "rangers" formed the right. Prevost held in reserve the light dragoons and grenadiers. Both sides opened fire at long range, and then
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Arriving around 10:00 am the next morning, they found the bridge destroyed, and set about building a temporary bridge to get their equipment across. Concerned that they might be discovered, Prevost sent Baird's light infantry and a company of light dragoons to ford the river the night of March 2.
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Most of the
Patriot militia did not have bayonets. Seeing the British charging at them, many broke and ran without even firing a shot. The Edenton men fired a few rounds, and then abandoned the fight. Elbert's Continentals held formation in the center while the militia around them fled for the
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to Scottish parents. Campbell then began requiring oaths of loyalty, on pain of forfeiture of property; many took this oath insincerely, quickly letting Williamson know their true feelings. Campbell also anticipated but did not receive Indian support while at Augusta, and was concerned that a
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On March 1, the decoy force, about 500 men including regulars and militia, openly marched north until they were with three miles (4.8 km) of the burned-out bridge, and made camp there. That night, about 900 experienced troops drawn primarily from the 71st Regiment and James Baird's light
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Battle, Daniel, and Daphne Owens. "America Loses a Star and a Stripe: The Revolutionary War Battle of Brier Creek (9SN254), Screven County, Georgia. Metal Detector Survey, Burial Search, and Extensive Archival Research." Cypress Cultural Consultants, Beaufort, South Carolina,
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Marker commemorating the British crossing at Paris' Mill. The bridge at the mill site was burned down by retreating Patriot forces and the advancing British demolished the home and or millhouse of Francis Paris, whose timbers were used to construct a crossing over Brier
627:'s men had been assigned as a "safeguard" in a private residence, a position normally out of bounds to attack in European warfare. This soldier had been killed by Patriot partisans, and neither Williamson nor Lincoln wanted to prosecute them for the violation.
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Campbell did not find out about the Battle of Kettle Creek until after he had already left Augusta. During the occupation of Augusta, he had suffered only a single casualty, but the means of that loss was cause for anger among his
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Campbell then began recruiting Loyalists. About 1,100 men signed up, but relatively few actually formed militia companies. Most of the Georgia Loyalists who fought for Campbell were either first generation immigrants from
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swamps, and were eventually surrounded, forcing Elbert to surrender. The 200 men at the bridge came up to the battlefield late in the fighting, but quickly withdrew before getting drawn into the rout.
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This is a historical marker describing the battle fought by General Samuel Elbert and his men as they conducted a rearguard action against the advancing British troops of Lt. Colonel Mark Prevost.
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leading about 1,000 militia from Georgia and South Carolina, but he withdrew most of his men when Campbell approached. This rear guard skirmished with Campbell's men before withdrawing across the
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Brier Creek thwarted American attempts to force the enemy out of the new state and guaranteed British dominance in the region. The battle occurred only a few weeks after a Patriot victory over a
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on February 28 to attend a war council at Purrysburg, Bryan moved the camp about one mile (1.6 km) north, nearer the Savannah River and a small hill. Ashe returned to the camp on March 2.
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of troops had been dispatched to the south for scouting, and others were on duty at the burned-out bridge. Distribution of ammunition to the men was complicated by the shortage of
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Map from the Georgia State Historical Marker. Created by Clyde D. Hollingsworth, it shows the movements of British and Patriot forces along the Savannah River and Brier Creek.
924:, site of Paris' Mill, where the first skirmish of the Battle of Brier Creek occurred. The site was named Milltown by Francis Paris, but was known to others as Paris' Mill.
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A Story of the Revolution in Georgia: Being an Account of The Battle of Kettle Creek, February 14, 1779 and The Battle of Brier Creek, March 3, 1779 by Otis Ashmore
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in Williamson's camp prompted Campbell to decide on February 12 to abandon Augusta. Two days later, the same day that Boyd's force of 600–700 was defeated in the
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Site of the battle at present-day Brannen's Bridges. In the foreground is the historical marker for the battle site. Brier Creek can be seen in the background.
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arrived in Savannah from Saint Augustine in mid-January, he assumed command of the garrison there, and sent a force under Campbell to take control of
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Leaving Savannah on January 24, Campbell and more than 1,000 men arrived near Augusta a week later, with only minimal harassment from Georgia
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Pages 353 & 354 - An Historical Account of the Settlements of Scotch Highlanders in America Prior to the Peace of 1783
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Pages 295 & 296 - The Pictorial History of the American Revolution; with a sketch of the early history of the Country
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Part II, The Battle of Brier Creek, pages 9–12. The Partridge Pond Press; Sylvania, Georgia, 1947, 1975, 1979, 1993.
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Howard, Joshua (Winter 2004). "'Things Here Wear a Melancholy Appearance': The American Defeat at Briar Creek".
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in 1780. It also caused the state of Georgia to temporarily revert to British colony status from 1779 to 1782.
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troops were defeated by British forces, suffering significant casualties. The rout damaged Patriot morale.
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Bridge over Brier Creek at Millhaven - site of skirmish at Paris' Mill, March 2, 1779 - is at coordinates
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1476:: Topical Section T14; The Battle of Brier Creek, pages 12–15. Curtis Media Corporation, 1989.
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Ashmore, Otis; Olmstead, Charles (June 1926). "The Battles of Kettle Creek and Brier Creek".
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Cox, William E. (1973). "Brigadier-General John Ashe's Defeat in the Battle of Brier Creek".
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Wilson, p. 92. Ashe had an additional 400 troops that did not participate in the battle.
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1779 battle of the American Revolutionary War, near present-day Sylvania, Georgia
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itself is a riverine watercourse traversing much of eastern Georgia between the
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Heidler, David S. (1982). "The American Defeat at Briar Creek, 3 March 1779".
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force would demonstrate at the destroyed bridge site to distract Ashe's men.
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and a number of experienced militia units, including members of the
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Battles of the American Revolutionary War in Georgia (U.S. state)
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Coleman, Kenneth (1956). "Restored Colonial Georgia, 1779-1782".
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National Register of Historic Places in Screven County, Georgia
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Pioneer Days: A History of the Early Years In Screven County
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227 captives were taken, mostly from Elbert's Continentals.
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late in 1778. The New York expedition, under the command of
818:. They made a rapid march north to the Paris Mill bridge.
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battle fought on March 3, 1779, near the confluence of
1385:. Baltimore, MD: Nautical & Aviation Publishing.
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recruiting expedition into the Carolinas by Loyalist
1439:. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
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in 1778, the British focused their attention on the
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496:Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War
864:State historical marker commemorating the battle.
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1410:The American Revolution in the Southern Colonies
1166:Historical Dictionary of the American Revolution
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1526:Pages 363 & 364 - History of South Carolina
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977:American Revolutionary War § War in the South
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755:before joining the Savannah River in eastern
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1331:Land and Allegiance in Revolutionary Georgia
1168:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 37.
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1333:. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
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680:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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1190:"British Army Crossing historical marker"
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700:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1494:Revolutionary War in Georgia: 1779
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1192:. Digital Library of Georgia
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1164:Mays, Terry M. (2010).
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500:Following the entry of
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217:Casualties and losses
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288:Gunpowder Incident
1593:Conflicts in 1779
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1392:978-1-877853-21-0
1340:978-0-8203-2262-9
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659:This section
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625:71st Regiment
623:. One of the
622:
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55:March 3, 1779
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27:
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1252:. Retrieved
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1194:. Retrieved
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875:
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846:
840:units under
836:militia and
829:
820:
812:field pieces
808:
804:
786:
773:
711:
696:
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672:Please help
660:
636:Mark Prevost
629:
617:
587:
568:
550:
526:East Florida
499:
455:
453:
441:2nd Savannah
431:Charles Town
405:
401:Kettle Creek
384:
383:
379:1st Savannah
367:
366:
362:Thomas Creek
355:
354:
318:
317:
313:Great Bridge
282:
226:227 captured
183:Mark Prevost
127:Belligerents
29:Part of the
1558: /
1286:(1): 1–20.
1106:Hall, p. 84
884:, north of
880:militia at
713:Brier Creek
528:to capture
470:in eastern
464:Brier Creek
436:Baton Rouge
416:Stono Ferry
406:Brier Creek
94: /
1582:Categories
1564: (
1545:81°39′02″W
1542:32°56′00″N
1302:References
753:Waynesboro
562:and raise
490:Background
335:Rice Boats
231:11 wounded
207:grenadiers
100: (
81:81°28′58″W
78:32°48′42″N
1455:232001108
1428:248087936
1401:231619453
1349:247101654
922:Millhaven
903:in 2020.
856:Aftermath
745:Fall Line
725:Warrenton
661:does not
642:Geography
604:John Ashe
600:John Boyd
504:into the
466:with the
421:Fort Bute
396:Van Creek
274:1775–1779
229:5 killed,
167:John Ashe
1507:Archived
1370:40584769
1322:40575848
1292:40577650
1225:40580932
1037:40579524
955:See also
878:Loyalist
761:Sylvania
741:Piedmont
719:and the
632:Ebenezer
621:regulars
591:Scotland
577:General
564:Loyalist
541:captured
391:Beaufort
199:infantry
189:Strength
60:Location
886:Augusta
783:Prelude
733:Thomson
682:removed
667:sources
571:Patriot
560:Augusta
476:Patriot
472:Georgia
458:was an
325:Norfolk
211:militia
203:cavalry
173: (
1453:
1443:
1426:
1416:
1399:
1389:
1368:
1347:
1337:
1320:
1290:
1254:31 May
1223:
1196:31 May
1172:
1035:
826:Battle
801:Creek.
502:France
209:, and
151:
115:Result
1469:2015.
1366:JSTOR
1318:JSTOR
1288:JSTOR
1221:JSTOR
1033:JSTOR
984:Notes
759:near
749:Wrens
551:When
1451:OCLC
1441:ISBN
1424:OCLC
1414:ISBN
1397:OCLC
1387:ISBN
1345:OCLC
1335:ISBN
1256:2016
1198:2016
1170:ISBN
751:and
731:and
665:any
663:cite
520:and
454:The
385:1779
368:1778
356:1777
319:1776
283:1775
197:900
52:Date
1250:(4)
735:in
727:in
676:by
176:POW
1584::
1449:.
1422:.
1395:.
1362:88
1360:.
1343:.
1314:10
1312:.
1284:40
1282:.
1248:88
1246:.
1242:.
1217:66
1215:.
1129:^
1090:^
1029:57
1027:.
524:,
205:,
201:,
1568:)
1457:.
1430:.
1403:.
1372:.
1351:.
1324:.
1294:.
1258:.
1227:.
1200:.
1178:.
1039:.
703:)
697:(
692:)
688:(
684:.
670:.
260:e
253:t
246:v
179:)
104:)
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