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the horse teams for the cannons had been erroneously moved across the river before the battle for unclear reasons. Green reported having suffered 485 casualties while two of Vaughn's regiments combined for 546 losses. Most of the casualties were prisoners or those missing in action. The 4th
Mississippi, one of Vaughn's regiments, and Cockrell's brigade did not report losses, but they were known to have suffered heavily in men captured. Union casualties were 279 men killed, wounded, or missing, of which 211 were in Lawler's brigade. Grant's 12-year old son
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978:, were captured. Cockrell watched the Confederate left run away and ordered his men to withdraw, as their position was no longer tenable. Cockrell's retreat became chaotic as well. Confederate artillery west of the river provided covering fire for the retreat. Benton's brigade attacked around the time Lawler broke through the line. Burbridge's and Albert Lee's men charged the Confederate defenses, only to meet no resistance. Once almost all of the fleeing Confederates crossed the bridge, Lockett had the bridge and
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761:, he was convinced by some of his subordinate officers to make an offensive strike where Grant's supply line was believed to be. When planning this offensive, Pemberton did not know that Grant had forgone utilizing a traditional line of communications during his movement inland. Beginning the offensive, the Confederates started a difficult march slowed by poor road conditions and a washed-out bridge, while Grant moved west in three columns towards
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and battles of the last several days. Loring had noticed light from fires in Union-occupied
Edwards on the morning of May 17, and with the way blocked he marched his men to Jackson where they joined forces with Johnston on May 19. McClernand had a replacement bridge built over the Big Black River on the morning of May 18, while McPherson's and Sherman's corps crossed at other points. Sherman sent a cavalry regiment towards
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make an amphibious assault across the river directly against
Vicksburg. An assault across the river risked heavy casualties, and a withdrawal to Memphis could be politically disastrous if the public perceived such a movement as a retreat. Grant then decided upon the downstream crossing. The advance along the west bank of the Mississippi began on March 29, and was spearheaded by Major General
913:. Grant was confident of victory, and at 8:00 am sent a message to Sherman stating that he believed that the Confederates would be forced to retreat in such a rapid fashion that they could not destroy the bridge. The Confederates, meanwhile, had such poor morale that Lockett believed the position could not be held; he requested and received permission to prepare the bridge and
803:. The southern portion of the Confederate line contained several artillery positions and faced flat, open fields to the east, while the northern part of the line contained only one artillery position and its field of fire was obstructed by woods. At the Confederate far left, a smaller set of works had been built east of the bayou, in a position where it could
970:. Green's men fired a volley into Lawler's brigade that the historian Timothy B. Smith describes as "wild and ragged". Lawler's men stopped to fire once they reached the abatis; the Tennesseans were routed and the defenders either ran away or surrendered. Bearss describes the attack, which took three minutes, as one of the shortest of the war.
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Albert Lee's men spent the afternoon after the battle in low-intensity fighting across the river against a
Confederate force while Carr and Smith's men patrolled the field. The Union reported the capture of 1,751 Confederates as well as 18 cannons. The Confederate artillery losses came about because
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led the way as skirmishers. The
Illinoisans encountered the Confederate lines, and they then took up a position in the woods facing the north end of the Confederate line. Carr was informed of the encounter and brought up more troops. Benton's men took up a position in the fields east of the woods on
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By late March, further attempts to bypass
Vicksburg had failed. Grant then considered three plans: to withdraw to Memphis and retry the overland route through northern Mississippi; to move south along the west side of the Mississippi River, cross below Vicksburg, and then strike for the city; or to
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The two regiments sent from
Garrard's brigade took the position previously occupied by the 22nd Iowa, and they also moved into the meander scar. Colonel William Kinsman, the commander of the 23rd Iowa, proposed to Lawler that his regiment should attack the Confederates. Kinsman's reasoning was that
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ran through the center of the
Confederate line and crossed the river. The tracks of the railroad ran on a raised roadbed. While the area west of the bridge contained 60-foot (18 m) high hills, the area east of the river was flat. A bayou ran about 0.75 miles (1.21 km) east of the railroad
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After he had already withdrawn from
Jackson, Johnston sent Pemberton orders to move east, stating that Johnston's army would move west and catch Grant's command between the two Confederate forces. However, Johnston then marched his army away from the area in which a combination with Pemberton could
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The
Confederates withdrew into the Vicksburg fortifications. Pemberton ordered several outlying positions withdrawn into the main lines and the Vicksburg defenses were also physically improved. There was much outrage against Pemberton within the Confederate army due to the outcome of the movements
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held the southern portion of the Confederate line and the area where the Jackson Road crossed the line, as Bowen considered this unit to be his best and he expected the Union attack to fall there. Vaughn's men and the 4th Mississippi were positioned in an area north of the railroad where the Union
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began. Believing that the Confederates in Vicksburg could be easily defeated, Grant launched significant attacks on May 19 and 22. Both attacks were repulsed bloodily, and Grant settled in for siege operations. The Confederates ran low on supplies, and Pemberton surrendered on July 4. The fall of
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before the Union soldiers reached the defenses, and the Confederates might not put up a stiff fight after the Champion Hill defeat. Lawler ordered a charge by his whole brigade; with the 21st and 23rd Iowa in the front rank while the other two regiments charged behind. His men were ordered not to
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region, which was loyal to the Union. While they were fresh their loyalty to the Confederacy was uncertain. Bowen's division was the elite unit of Pemberton's army, but they were exhausted after hard fighting at Port Gibson and Champion Hill and had suffered nearly 1,000 casualties in the latter
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Vaughn's troops broke, with the men either running away or surrendering. The collapse of this portion of the Confederate line forced the troops on either side to withdraw. The withdrawal became chaotic and 1,751 Confederate soldiers and 18 cannons were captured. The cannons were captured because
1073:. As of 2023, portions of the piers of the railroad bridge existing during the battle still remain at the crossing of the Big Black River. A trail runs along the river bank, and a historical marker is placed in the vicinity of the battlefield, although the battlefield itself is privately owned.
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The Union artillery opened fire, and an artillery duel developed. Lindsey advanced his brigade along the railroad 300 yards (270 m), placing his men ahead of the rest of the Union line. Osterhaus wanted to position Garrard's men behind Lindsey's, but it was believed that Lawler needed
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a Union advance. This set of works could contain only one regiment. Behind the Confederate line but east of the river were a pair of blockhouses that had been built earlier in the year to protect the bridge against cavalry raids. A secondary bridge was created by turning a small
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elements were sent upriver from New Orleans in May to try to take the city, a move that was unsuccessful. In late June, a joint army-navy expedition returned to make another campaign against Vicksburg. Union Navy leadership decided that the city could not be taken without more
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In preparation for what was likely to transpire, Pemberton had a portion of his army hold the line east of the Big Black River to prevent Loring from being cut off from the main Confederate body at the river crossing. In early May the Confederate defensive line was laid out by
794:. The fortifications were made of cotton bales and dirt. To the south lay Gin Lake, the Confederate right flank was at the lake with the line running north to the Big Black River, which made a bend east of the bridge across the Big Black River. Both the Jackson Road and the
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fire before reaching the Confederate line. The attack quickly moved across the front of the 1st Missouri Cavalry (dismounted) and out of the regiment's field of fire, although not before Kinsman was killed and the commander of the 21st Iowa, Colonel
885:, had remained on the far side of the Big Black River, but Bowen now ordered it across the river and into the works on the east side of the bayou. This movement worried Carr who shifted Lawler to Benton's right, while Brigadier General
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failed to drive the Confederates away. With Grand Gulf still in enemy hands, Grant decided to cross further downriver. Beginning on the morning of April 30, the lead elements of Grant's army, McClernand's corps, crossed the river at
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their teams of horses were erroneously positioned on the other side of the Big Black River. Fewer than 300 Union soldiers became casualties. The retreating Confederates burned both the railroad bridge over the Big Black River and a
831:. Bowen commanded this 5,000-man force, which he deemed insufficient to strongly man the entire Confederate defensive works. The Confederates had 18 cannons. Vaughn's men were inexperienced troops, mostly conscripts from the
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Bearss states that Lawler's brigade suffered about 200 casualties at the hands of the 1st Missouri Cavalry (dismounted), while Ballard states that the Confederate regiment inflicted few losses on Lawler besides the two
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bridge, cutting its course in front of most of the Confederate line and emptying into the Big Black River at the north end. The Confederate line was just west of the bayou, and trees were felled at the bayou to form an
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have been easily be made. Pemberton decided that Johnston's orders were not compatible with previous directives that he had received from the Confederate president. While Pemberton favored making a stand behind the
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the Confederate position east of the bayou, as well as part of the primary defensive works. This advance was accomplished without significant casualties. While these movements were occurring, Brigadier General
973:
The hole in the Confederate line reached to the railroad, and Green's men withdrew as well, although some were captured. In the 1st Missouri Cavalry (dismounted), 90 men and the unit's commander, Colonel
773:'s Confederate division was cut off during the retreat from the field and withdrew using a different route, separated from the rest of the army. Pemberton did not know the location of Loring's division.
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in advance of the main Union line on the north end of the battlefield. From this sheltered position, Lawler's men charged, striking the Confederate line in the region held by Vaughn's brigade.
472:, and one additional regiment. Bowen's men had taken heavy casualties at Champion Hill, and most of Vaughn's men were conscripts of uncertain loyalty. On the morning of May 17, the Union
936: – dash across open ground to reach the depression. Two cannons were positioned in a small clearing between the right of the woods and the Big Black River, and with the
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to block the Union movements, but he did not have enough troops to destroy Grant's bridgehead and had to hold out for further reinforcements. The two armies collided on May 1, and the
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crossways in the river where a ferry had existed; the boat's machinery was removed and planks were placed on the decks. This position was 11 miles (18 km) east of Vicksburg.
558:, was still in Confederate hands, and it served as a strong defensive position that commanded the river and prevented the Union from separating the two halves of the Confederacy.
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Early on the morning of May 17, McClernand's troops advanced through Edwards and then encountered the Confederate line. His advance was led by the division of Brigadier General
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Smith, Timothy B. (2013). ""A Victory Could Hardly Have Been More Complete": The Battle of Big Black River Bridge". In Woodworth, Stephen D.; Grear, Charles D. (eds.).
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966:, was wounded. The 49th and 69th Indiana joined the attack; while Lawler's men advanced at an angle across Green's front and struck one of Vaughn's regiments, the
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765:. On the morning of May 16, elements of the Union and Confederate armies made contact, and Pemberton ordered his force to march back to Edwards. The ensuing
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was fought on May 14 as the Confederates bought time to evacuate the city. The Union took the city and then destroyed military facilities within it.
450:, was cut off from Pemberton's main body. Pemberton did not know the location of Loring's division, and he held a bridgehead on the east side of the
1057:. Sherman's main force came into contact with the Confederate defenders of Vicksburg, and McClernand and McPherson's men arrived late that day. The
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approached the Confederate position. Two divisions and another brigade from a third deployed to face the Confederates. Union Brigadier General
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fell for the Union decoys (especially Grierson's Raid), and lost touch with the true tactical situation, believing Grant was withdrawing.
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was wounded in the leg while following the pursuit of the routed Confederates; Fred was present with his father for the entire campaign.
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that had been serving as a bridge. Loring had already given up on rejoining his division to Pemberton's army and his troops marched to
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Confederate attention was drawn to the center, near the railroad, by the Union artillery fire. Lawler believed that the remains of a
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After Port Gibson, Grant moved his troops to the northeast. McClernand advanced on the Union left with his corps, Sherman and the
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909:, were sent to support the Union right. Osterhaus suffered a leg wound during the exchange and was replaced by Brigadier General
849:'s brigade held the far left. If the Confederates were forced to retreat, they would have to cross open ground to the bridge and
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began crossing onto the east side of the Mississippi River as part of a campaign against Vicksburg. After engaging and defeating
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for leading a company in the main Union charge; he was among the first Union soldiers to enter the Confederate fortifications.
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500:. On May 18, the Union army crossed the Big Black River. The surviving Confederate soldiers entered the fortifications at
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in December, Grant ordered a retreat. Meanwhile, another arm of the expedition under the command of Major General
605:, on the same day as the Holly Springs Raid and traveled down the Mississippi River. Then after diverting up the
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738:. The Union won the battle, but the fighting at Raymond led Grant to change his plans to swing over towards
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began. After a day of fighting, the Confederates were defeated, and Grand Gulf was abandoned on May 3.
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set on fire. He then formed a new line west of the river by using the brigades of Brigadier Generals
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near the Big Black River would shelter his brigade, and had three regiments – the
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that had been positioned on the west bank before the battle. Two other Confederate steamboats,
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2485:(2nd ed.). Boston, Massachusetts/New York, New York: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 154â156.
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on the right. On the morning of May 12, McPherson's corps encountered Confederate troops near
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Winschel, Terrence J. (1998). "Chickasaw Bayou, Mississippi". In Kennedy, Frances H. (ed.).
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to cover Loring's anticipated withdrawal across the river on the morning of May 17.
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2330:. Vol. II: Grant Strikes a Fatal Blow. Dayton, Ohio: Morningside Bookshop.
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2466:. Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. pp. 173â193.
589:. After a supply depot and part of his supply line were destroyed during the
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troops. The movement down the river was masked by decoy operations such as
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began the next day; it ended in the Confederate surrender on July 4, 1863.
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893:'s brigade was the left portion of Osterhaus's line, and that of Colonel
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Map of Big Black River Bridge Battlefield core and study areas by the
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1006:, who had been located downstream from the bridge were also burned.
2308:. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press.
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881:'s brigade formed south of the road. One of Green's regiments, the
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The Confederate force east of the Big Black River was commanded by
2249:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory â Nomination Form"
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Ninety-eight Days: A Geographer's View of the Vicksburg Campaign
613:. A Union attack on December 29 was defeated decisively at the
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542:. A significant component of this strategy was controlling the
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953:'s division arrived and was positioned on the Union far left.
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began moving south towards Vicksburg from a starting point in
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forces in several intermediate battles, Grant's army defeated
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Vicksburg Is the Key: The Struggle for the Mississippi River
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of the river in June and July, bypassing Vicksburg, failed.
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fell under Union control in early 1862 after the capture of
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In late November, about 40,000 Union infantry commanded by
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List of Confederate monuments and memorials in Mississippi
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Nothing But Victory: The Army of the Tennessee, 1861â1865
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National Park Service, Battle of Big Black River Bridge
2368:. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press.
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Vicksburg: Grant's Campaign that Broke the Confederacy
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on May 16. During the retreat from Champion Hill, one
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was least expected to attack, and Brigadier General
2428:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
2387:(2nd ed.). Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin.
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Vicksburg: The Campaign that Opened the Mississippi
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868:. Carr's lead brigade was led by Brigadier General
957:the Confederates would only have time to fire one
468:of his division, the brigade of Brigadier General
769:was a decisive Confederate defeat. Major General
617:, and Sherman's men withdrew on January 1, 1863.
2959:Battles of the American Civil War in Mississippi
2935:
2586:map of Grant's advance from Jackson to Vicksburg
2556:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
2537:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
2424:Shea, William L.; Winschel, Terrence J. (2003).
1062:Vicksburg was one of the key events of the war.
446:of Pemberton's army, commanded by Major General
2464:The Vicksburg Campaign: March 29 â May 18, 1863
901:assistance, so two of Garrard's regiments, the
853:, which would become bottlenecks in a retreat.
567:, who were not forthcoming. An attempt to cut
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2447:. El Dorado Hills, California: Savas Beatie.
2163:"49th Indiana's own Medal of Honor Recipient"
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239:
2554:Grant's Lieutenants: From Cairo to Vicksburg
2445:Champion Hill: Decisive Battle for Vicksburg
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1198:. National Park Service. October 25, 2018.
400:was fought on May 17, 1863, as part of the
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2409:. New York, New York: Simon and Schuster.
883:1st Missouri Cavalry Regiment (dismounted)
246:
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2954:Union victories of the American Civil War
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2349:. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic.
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1065:The site of the battle was listed on the
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707:. Bowen moved a portion of his force to
683:, bombarded the Confederate defenses at
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2893:Tomb of the Unknown Confederate Soldier
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877:the Union right, and Brigadier General
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2529:Fullenkamp, Leonard; Bowman, Stephen;
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2622:Mississippi in the American Civil War
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1202:from the original on October 31, 2022
819:Manning the position was Pemberton's
657:Grant's Operations against Vicksburg.
538:, which was a strategy to defeat the
227:
16:1863 battle of the American Civil War
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2275:"Big Black River Bridge Battlefield"
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1067:National Register of Historic Places
785:Ruins of the bridge after the battle
2281:from the original on April 19, 2022
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2507:. New York City: Alfred A. Knopf.
2255:from the original on June 14, 2020
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641:. Confederate regional commander
534:military leadership developed the
14:
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2552:Woodworth, Steven E, ed. (2001).
2169:from the original on July 7, 2020
829:4th Mississippi Infantry Regiment
722:in the center, and Major General
2917:
2908:
2907:
968:61st Tennessee Infantry Regiment
949:'s brigade of Brigadier General
926:11th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
796:Southern Railroad of Mississippi
484:advanced his troops into an old
438:'s Confederates at the decisive
398:Battle of Big Black River Bridge
200:
193:
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24:Battle of Big Black River Bridge
2535:Guide to the Vicksburg Campaign
2483:The Civil War Battlefield Guide
2385:The Civil War Battlefield Guide
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2155:
1083:
874:33rd Illinois Infantry Regiment
2277:. American Battlefield Trust.
1023:49th Indiana Infantry Regiment
907:69th Indiana Infantry Regiment
903:49th Indiana Infantry Regiment
749:, decided to abandon Jackson.
675:On April 29, the Union Navy's
631:Steele's Greenville expedition
408:. During the war, the city of
303:Steele's Greenville expedition
1:
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595:Forrest's West Tennessee Raid
540:Confederate States of America
511:
2383:Kennedy, Frances H. (1998).
2304:Ballard, Michael B. (2004).
7:
2443:Smith, Timothy B. (2006) .
1071:Big Black River Battlefield
938:22nd Iowa Infantry Regiment
934:23rd Iowa Infantry Regiment
930:21st Iowa Infantry Regiment
518:Mississippi River campaigns
476:commanded by Major General
214:Location within Mississippi
10:
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2345:Bearss, Edwin C. (2007) .
2328:The Campaign for Vicksburg
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1033:Aftermath and preservation
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314:Battle of Newton's Station
82:Warren County, Mississippi
2964:Hinds County, Mississippi
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2811:
2755:
2719:
2712:
2656:
2628:
2251:. National Park Service.
2165:. Ohio State University.
996:Landis's Missouri Battery
776:
615:Battle of Chickasaw Bayou
464:and consisted of the two
412:, was a key point on the
298:Steele's Bayou expedition
265:
188:
171:
150:
133:
78:Hinds County, Mississippi
53:
36:
28:
23:
2876:Fourth Military District
2188:Shea & Winschel 2003
2150:Shea & Winschel 2003
2041:, pp. 657, 676â678.
1652:, pp. 653â655, 689.
1485:Shea & Winschel 2003
1473:Shea & Winschel 2003
1437:Shea & Winschel 2003
1389:Shea & Winschel 2003
1365:Shea & Winschel 2003
1353:Shea & Winschel 2003
1305:Shea & Winschel 2003
1293:Shea & Winschel 2003
1281:Shea & Winschel 2003
1161:, pp. 15â16, 18â20.
1159:Shea & Winschel 2003
1076:
2364:Grabau, Warren (2000).
1307:, pp. 96, 103â104.
990:, who had arrived from
767:Battle of Champion Hill
694:Bruinsburg, Mississippi
685:Grand Gulf, Mississippi
440:Battle of Champion Hill
416:. On April 30, 1863, a
2798:Big Black River Bridge
1045:
1019:William Wesley Kendall
861:
786:
672:
556:Vicksburg, Mississippi
552:New Orleans, Louisiana
410:Vicksburg, Mississippi
350:Big Black River Bridge
151:Commanders and leaders
61:May 17, 1863
49:, June 20, 1863, issue
1040:
859:
784:
713:Battle of Port Gibson
656:
2501:Woodworth, Steven E.
1924:, pp. 673, 687.
1766:, pp. 657, 665.
1223:, pp. 154, 156.
947:Stephen G. Burbridge
879:Michael Kelly Lawler
740:Jackson, Mississippi
732:Raymond, Mississippi
689:Battle of Grand Gulf
687:, but the resulting
677:Mississippi Squadron
498:Jackson, Mississippi
482:Michael Kelly Lawler
211:class=notpageimage|
2974:1863 in Mississippi
2834:Brice's Cross Roads
2238:, pp. 397â398.
2226:, pp. 397â398.
2214:, pp. 396â397.
2202:, pp. 360â361.
2190:, pp. 140â142.
2140:, pp. 395â396.
2104:, pp. 688â689.
2053:, pp. 679â680.
1966:, pp. 315â316.
1912:, pp. 672â673.
1876:, pp. 670â671.
1778:, pp. 313â314.
1754:, pp. 664â665.
1742:, pp. 663â665.
1715:, pp. 656â657.
1703:, pp. 178â179.
1601:, pp. 655â656.
1589:, pp. 310â311.
1550:, pp. 653â654.
1523:, pp. 356â361.
1499:, pp. 223â224.
1487:, pp. 130â131.
1463:, pp. 222â223.
1427:, pp. 274â275.
1403:, pp. 216â217.
1391:, pp. 120â121.
1379:, pp. 215â216.
1355:, pp. 110â111.
1343:, pp. 224â225.
1259:, pp. 192â193.
1173:, pp. 135â138.
1137:, pp. 117â118.
992:Bovina, Mississippi
838:Francis M. Cockrell
103:32.3471°N 90.7043°W
99: /
2944:Vicksburg campaign
1059:Siege of Vicksburg
1046:
988:William E. Baldwin
897:was to the right.
891:Theophilus Garrard
887:Peter J. Osterhaus
862:
787:
747:Joseph E. Johnston
734:, bringing on the
724:James B. McPherson
681:David Dixon Porter
673:
623:John A. McClernand
603:Memphis, Tennessee
599:William T. Sherman
591:Holly Springs Raid
548:Mississippi Valley
528:American Civil War
522:Vicksburg campaign
506:siege of Vicksburg
478:John A. McClernand
433:Lieutenant General
420:army commanded by
406:American Civil War
402:Vicksburg Campaign
385:Jackson expedition
370:Goodrich's Landing
278:Holly Springs Raid
257:Vicksburg campaign
145:Confederate States
31:American Civil War
2969:Conflicts in 1863
2931:
2930:
2861:
2860:
2492:978-0-395-74012-5
2473:978-0-8093-3270-0
2435:978-0-8032-9344-1
2416:978-1-4516-4139-4
2403:Miller, Donald L.
2394:978-0-395-74012-5
2375:978-1-57233-068-9
2356:978-1-4262-0093-9
1295:, pp. 93â94.
1283:, pp. 92â93.
1247:, pp. 20â21.
1235:, pp. 19â22.
895:Daniel W. Lindsey
870:William P. Benton
860:Map of the battle
792:Samuel H. Lockett
771:William W. Loring
751:A delaying action
736:Battle of Raymond
698:Brigadier General
662: Confederate
643:John C. Pemberton
544:Mississippi River
459:Brigadier General
448:William W. Loring
436:John C. Pemberton
414:Mississippi River
393:
392:
222:
221:
182:Bowen's division
129:
128:
108:32.3471; -90.7043
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2910:
2763:Newton's Station
2717:
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2592:
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2584:West Point Atlas
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2324:Bearss, Edwin C.
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842:Missouri brigade
836:battle. Colonel
668:
661:
583:Ulysses S. Grant
569:Williams's Canal
425:Ulysses S. Grant
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2979:May 1863 events
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2872:Reconstruction
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2747:Chickasaw Bayou
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2684:Grierson's Raid
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2523:Further reading
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2347:Fields of Honor
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1196:"Grant's Canal"
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1125:, pp. 6â7.
1121:
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1100:
1095:
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1084:
1079:
1069:in 1971 as the
1035:
847:Martin E. Green
779:
759:Big Black River
679:, commanded by
670:
666:
664:(dashed lines)
663:
659:
651:
639:Grierson's Raid
635:Streight's Raid
611:Chickasaw Bayou
546:. Much of the
524:
514:
452:Big Black River
394:
389:
360:Lake Providence
355:Milliken's Bend
308:Grierson's Raid
283:Chickasaw Bayou
261:
256:
254:
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218:
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183:
178:XIII Army Corps
164:
157:John McClernand
107:
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46:Harper's Weekly
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2572:External links
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2007:
2005:, p. 675.
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1027:Medal of Honor
994:, and part of
984:Stephen D. Lee
964:Samuel Merrill
833:East Tennessee
825:John C. Vaughn
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1397:
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1330:
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1229:
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1221:Winschel 1998
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918:
917:for burning.
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706:
702:
701:John S. Bowen
699:
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624:
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584:
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580:Major General
576:
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545:
541:
537:
536:Anaconda Plan
533:
529:
526:Early in the
523:
519:
509:
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489:
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463:
462:John S. Bowen
460:
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430:
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423:
422:Major General
419:
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345:Champion Hill
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288:Arkansas Post
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140:United States
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83:
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71:
60:
57:
56:
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48:
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40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2797:
2641:State Troops
2583:
2553:
2534:
2504:
2482:
2463:
2444:
2425:
2406:
2384:
2365:
2346:
2327:
2305:
2283:. Retrieved
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2243:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2195:
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2157:
2145:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2085:
2073:
2066:Ballard 2004
2046:
2034:
2022:
2010:
1998:
1991:Ballard 2004
1971:
1964:Ballard 2004
1929:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1869:
1862:Ballard 2004
1842:
1830:
1823:Ballard 2004
1776:Ballard 2004
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1759:
1747:
1735:
1728:Ballard 2004
1708:
1696:
1684:
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1621:
1594:
1587:Ballard 2004
1582:
1575:Ballard 2004
1570:
1543:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1432:
1425:Ballard 2004
1420:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1341:Ballard 2004
1336:
1324:
1317:Ballard 2004
1312:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1257:Ballard 2004
1252:
1240:
1228:
1216:
1206:December 26,
1204:. Retrieved
1190:
1178:
1166:
1154:
1142:
1130:
1118:
1111:Kennedy 1998
1106:
1085:
1064:
1047:
1008:
1003:
999:
979:
976:Elijah Gates
972:
955:
922:meander scar
919:
914:
899:
863:
850:
818:
813:
788:
755:
717:
705:Bayou Pierre
674:
619:
577:
525:
490:
486:meander scar
456:
397:
395:
349:
271:
134:Belligerents
44:
29:Part of the
18:
2778:Port Gibson
2636:Confederacy
2531:Luvaas, Jay
2126:Bearss 1991
2114:Bearss 1991
2102:Bearss 1991
2090:Bearss 1991
2051:Bearss 1991
2039:Bearss 1991
2027:Grabau 2000
2003:Bearss 1991
1949:Bearss 1991
1934:Bearss 1991
1922:Bearss 1991
1910:Bearss 1991
1898:Bearss 1991
1874:Bearss 1991
1847:Bearss 1991
1835:Bearss 1991
1806:Bearss 1991
1764:Bearss 1991
1752:Bearss 1991
1740:Bearss 1991
1713:Bearss 1991
1650:Bearss 1991
1626:Bearss 1991
1614:Grabau 2000
1599:Bearss 1991
1548:Bearss 1991
1536:Bearss 2007
1509:Bearss 2007
1497:Bearss 2007
1461:Bearss 2007
1449:Bearss 2007
1413:Bearss 2007
1401:Bearss 2007
1377:Bearss 2007
1269:Bearss 1991
1245:Bearss 1991
1233:Bearss 1991
1183:Miller 2019
1171:Miller 2019
1147:Bearss 2007
1135:Miller 2019
1123:Miller 2019
1055:Yazoo River
951:A. J. Smith
866:Eugene Carr
709:Port Gibson
669: Union
607:Yazoo River
565:infantrymen
429:Confederate
330:Port Gibson
270:Sinking of
166:John Vaughn
106: /
2938:Categories
2829:Yazoo City
2768:Grand Gulf
2732:Booneville
2699:Yazoo City
2679:Greenville
2669:Yazoo Pass
2629:Combatants
2236:Smith 2006
2200:Smith 2006
2138:Smith 2006
2078:Smith 2006
2015:Smith 2013
1976:Smith 2013
1886:Smith 2006
1791:Smith 2006
1701:Smith 2013
1689:Smith 2006
1677:Smith 2013
1662:Smith 2006
1638:Smith 2013
1563:Smith 2013
1521:Smith 2006
1329:Smith 2006
1098:References
1004:Paul Jones
932:, and the
911:Albert Lee
821:rear guard
728:XVII Corps
627:XIII Corps
560:Union Navy
516:See also:
512:Background
504:, and the
474:XIII Corps
320:Grand Gulf
293:Yazoo Pass
162:John Bowen
94:90°42â˛15âłW
91:32°20â˛50âłN
65:1863-05-17
2866:Aftermath
2844:Senatobia
2803:Vicksburg
2664:Vicksburg
2657:Campaigns
2326:(1991) .
1090:colonels.
810:steamboat
587:Tennessee
571:across a
502:Vicksburg
494:steamboat
380:Vicksburg
272:USS Cairo
2913:Category
2841:Seminary
2819:Aberdeen
2694:Meridian
2533:(1998).
2503:(2005).
2405:(2019).
2279:Archived
2259:June 14,
2253:Archived
2167:Archived
1200:Archived
1016:Sergeant
942:enfilade
805:enfilade
726:and the
720:XV Corps
466:brigades
444:division
365:Richmond
73:Location
2923:Commons
2824:Okolona
2788:Jackson
2783:Raymond
2713:Battles
2689:Jackson
2298:Sources
2285:May 30,
2173:May 30,
1021:of the
763:Edwards
744:General
649:Prelude
573:meander
404:of the
340:Jackson
335:Raymond
125:victory
63: (
2848:Tupelo
2838:Oxford
2704:Tupelo
2560:
2541:
2511:
2489:
2470:
2451:
2432:
2413:
2391:
2372:
2353:
2334:
2312:
959:volley
928:, the
872:; the
812:named
801:abatis
777:Battle
667:
660:
637:, and
530:, the
375:Helena
119:Result
2674:Bayou
2648:Union
1077:Notes
1000:Charm
601:left
532:Union
418:Union
123:Union
2812:1864
2756:1863
2737:Iuka
2720:1862
2558:ISBN
2539:ISBN
2509:ISBN
2487:ISBN
2468:ISBN
2449:ISBN
2430:ISBN
2411:ISBN
2389:ISBN
2370:ISBN
2351:ISBN
2332:ISBN
2310:ISBN
2287:2023
2261:2020
2175:2020
1208:2020
1012:Fred
1002:and
986:and
905:and
593:and
520:and
396:The
80:and
58:Date
980:Dot
915:Dot
851:Dot
840:'s
814:Dot
625:'s
2940::
2058:^
1983:^
1956:^
1941:^
1854:^
1813:^
1798:^
1783:^
1720:^
1669:^
1606:^
1555:^
1528:^
696:.
633:,
2614:e
2607:t
2600:v
2566:.
2547:.
2517:.
2495:.
2476:.
2457:.
2438:.
2419:.
2397:.
2378:.
2359:.
2340:.
2318:.
2289:.
2263:.
2177:.
1210:.
316:)
312:(
247:e
240:t
233:v
67:)
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