486:
depending on water temperature. Females produce between 8,000 and 12,000 eggs per kilogram of body weight, which are fertilised by males as they are released and deposited in shallow excavations in the gravel of the riverbed. Barbel bury their eggs below the gravel, creating redd-like pit and tailspill structures. High amounts of fine sediment can be detrimental to the eggs and larvae of barbel, with emergence being delayed when sand content was above 30%. Barbel can spawn multiple times in captivity and there is also evidence for multiple spawning either of individuals or across the population, in wild rivers.
555:, and thus describes his sensations: 'At first I felt no inconvenience, but some hours having elapsed, I began to be disagreeably affected, and as my stomach swelled, and could not be brought down again by anise or carminatives, I was soon in a state of great depression and distress.' His countenance was pallid, like a man in a swoon, deadly coldness ensued, violent cholera and vomiting came after until the roe was passed, and then he became all right." The use of barbel roe as a poison is mentioned in
426:
86:
61:
591:
651:. Several angling societies exist in the UK which specifically promote the pursuit and conservation of the species, including the Barbel Society and the Barbel Catchers Club. Barbel conservation is important, for although populations appear robust in some larger river systems, localised populations can be vulnerable to environmental factors. For example, the relatively small
42:
659:
was of national importance to barbel anglers from the 1970s until the early 2000s, at one time producing the
British record fish. But in recent years the reintroduction of otters in the river catchment (together with siltation of spawning gravels) has had a devastating effect on the barbel population
703:
Barbel are often stocked into still waters, but are predominantly a river-dwelling fish and are sought by many anglers. They may not be the most elusive fish in the river; in the right conditions they are fairly easy to catch. They are hardy fish who will fight right until the landing net is slipped
437:
specimens can reach 1.2 m (4 ft) in length and 12 kg (26 lb) in weight, although it is typically found at smaller sizes (50–100 cm length, weight 1–3 kg). Adult barbel can live to over 20 years of age. Their sloping foreheads, flattened undersides, slender bodies and
606:
noted that "he will often break both rod and line if he proves to be a big one ... the Barbel affords an angler choice sport, being a lusty and a cunning fish; so lusty and cunning as to endanger the breaking of the angler's line, by running his head forcibly towards any covert, or hole, or
485:
Males become mature after three to four years, females after five to eight years. Spawning occurs between May and late June on most rivers, when groups of males assemble in shallow water in pursuit of mates. Upstream migration to reach spawning grounds typically occurs between March and May,
442:
are all adaptations for their life in swift, deep rivers, helping to keep them close to the riverbed in very strong flows. Juvenile fish are usually grey and mottled in appearance; adults are typically dark brown, bronze or grey in colour with a pale underside, with distinctively reddish or
704:
under them. Despite this hardy nature in the water they do not cope well out of the water, and must be returned safely and quickly. It is good practice to support the fish in the water until it is fully recovered and swims away on its own.
450:. Adults commonly feed at night, although they may feed during the daytime in the safety of deeper water or near bankside cover and underwater obstructions. Their underslung mouths make them especially well adapted for feeding on
610:
Barbel fishing is especially popular in the UK, where it reaches a weight of over 9 kg (20 lb). A fish of more than 4.5 kg (10 lb) is considered to be of specimen size. Famous UK barbel rivers include the
1407:
398:. Although barbel are native to eastern flowing rivers in England, they have historically been translocated to western flowing rivers, such as the River Severn. Its favoured habitats are the so-called
446:
Barbel are active fish and often travel long distances in quite short time periods. Individuals can move between 16 and 68 km in a year, with mean (average) daily movement between 26 and
1014:
582:, for example, writes that they are in season in the winter months, and suggests simmering them with port and herbs. Also, in The Illustrated London Cookery Book by Frederick Bishop.
848:
774:
1794:
1644:
930:
402:
in fast-flowing rivers with gravel or stone bottoms, although it regularly occurs in slower rivers and has been successfully stocked in still waters.
1046:"Spatial variability in the growth of invasive European barbel Barbus barbus in the River Severn basin, revealed using anglers as citizen scientists"
660:
as they are easy to catch in the shallow, clear river. Now only a fragmented population remains, and barbel may be on their way to local extinction.
1560:
The
Practical Fisherman: Dealing with the Natural History, the Legendary Lore, the Capture of British Freshwater Fish, and Tackle and Tackle Making
1697:
2075:
1424:
Nachev, Milen; Jochmann, Maik A.; Walter, Friederike; Wolbert, J. Benjamin; Schulte, S. Marcel; Schmidt, Torsten C.; Sures, Bernd (2017-02-17).
1630:
2127:
875:"Loss of genetic integrity and biological invasions result from stocking and introductions of Barbus barbus: insights from rivers in England"
2194:
443:
orange-tinged fins. The lobes of the tail are asymmetrical, the lower lobe being rounded and slightly shorter than the pointed upper lobe.
578:
Despite the risks associated with eating barbel roe, several notable cookery authors have included recipes for barbel in their books.
2049:
960:
2088:
1022:
1844:
1143:"Trophic interactions in a lowland river fish community invaded by European barbel Barbus barbus (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae)"
802:
2093:
1670:
2214:
1234:"Quantifying the habitat and zoogeomorphic capabilities of spawning European barbel Barbus barbus, a lithophilous cyprinid"
696:
larvae, which they collect from the stones and gravel near the fish's feeding areas. In Poland, they are often targeted by
668:
Baits for catching barbel vary widely according to local practices and conditions. In the UK, popular baits include tinned
1819:
1075:"Factors influencing individual movements and behaviours of invasive European barbel Barbus barbus in a regulated river"
1890:
1363:"Spawning strategies in cypriniform fishes in a lowland river invaded by non-indigenous European barbel Barbus barbus"
1275:"Does sand content in spawning substrate result in early larval emergence? Evidence from a lithophilic cyprinid fish"
1125:
2015:
1184:"Quantifying trophic interactions and niche sizes of juvenile fishes in an invaded riverine cyprinid fish community"
2204:
2166:
1405:
DIESING, 1835 (Trematoda, Aspidogastridae): A new parasite of Barbus barbus (L.) (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in
Austria".
2132:
2209:
2028:
237:
211:
1798:
1426:"Understanding trophic interactions in host-parasite associations using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen"
707:
The UK and
European Barbel record of 21 lb 2 oz (9.59 kg) was landed by Colin Smithson from the
688:. In areas with high angling activity fishmeal-based pellets could constitute up to 71% of the barbel diet. In
469:, which they root out from the gravel and stones of the riverbed. Barbel diets change as the fish develop from
2114:
1323:
1183:
938:
399:
17:
382:
basin. It is an adaptable fish which transplants well between waterways, and has become established as an
1698:"Trophic consequences for riverine cyprinid fishes of angler subsidies based on marine-derived nutrients"
1045:
1232:
Roberts, Catherine
Gutmann; Bašić, Tea; Britton, J. Robert; Rice, Stephen; Pledger, Andrew G. (2020).
2171:
708:
247:
335:
it is usually referred to simply as the barbel; similar names are used elsewhere in Europe, such as
291:
85:
1612:
1564:
1536:
1484:
1939:
1000:
752:
500:
1324:"Influence of the daily distribution of light on reproduction in the barbel, Barbus barbus (L.)"
873:
Antognazza, Caterina Maria; Andreou, Demetra; Zaccara, Serena; Britton, Robert J. (March 2016).
2080:
1901:
473:
to juveniles and then to adults. Diatoms that cover rocks and the larvae of non-biting midges (
612:
551:. Badham relates the experience of Italian physician Antonio Gazius, who, he says, "took two
516:
190:
2158:
1984:
1948:
548:
280:
2106:
826:
405:
Barbel are very abundant in some rivers, often seen in large shoals on rivers such as the
8:
50:
1558:
1530:
994:
1772:
1728:
1696:
Gutmann
Roberts, Catherine; Bašić, Tea; Trigo, Fatima Amat; Britton, J. Robert (2017).
1624:
1485:"Endohelminth fauna of barbel Barbus barbus in the Serbian section of the Danube River"
1460:
1425:
1339:
1304:
1214:
968:
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874:
644:
383:
220:
80:
1953:
2153:
1971:
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1335:
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1154:
1086:
902:
886:
747:
344:
269:
1976:
534:
The Barbel is a swete fysshe, but it is a quasy meete and perilous for mannys body
2199:
2140:
1587:
1115:
544:
2119:
1747:
1073:
Gutmann
Roberts, Catherine; Hindes, Andrew M.; Britton, J. Robert (2019-01-03).
439:
2023:
2010:
1379:
1362:
598:
The common barbel is a popular sport fish throughout its range, long prized by
521:
510:
127:
1795:"Stewart Bloor's Angling Journal The beginner's guide to barbel...the species"
1442:
1159:
1142:
1091:
1074:
2188:
2101:
1924:
1855:
1724:
1451:
1388:
1347:
1300:
1273:
Bašić, Tea; Britton, J. Robert; Rice, Stephen P.; Pledger, Andrew G. (2019).
1259:
1210:
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898:
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332:
233:
207:
137:
70:
65:
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916:
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603:
474:
451:
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328:
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located at the corners of the fish's mouth, which it uses to locate food.
321:. It shares the common name 'barbel' with its many relatives in the genus
2062:
1963:
1933:
697:
620:
556:
2145:
2054:
2041:
1885:
669:
648:
579:
455:
318:
147:
1716:
1401:
Schludermann C., Laimgruber S., Konecny R. & Schabuss M. (2005). "
1291:
1274:
1202:
890:
607:
bank, and then striking at the line, to break it off, with his tail".
569:
he will make the strong one out of the bridge to be bound with chains.
2067:
1997:
1880:
1250:
1233:
673:
628:
505:
406:
379:
371:
97:
1895:
2036:
2002:
1918:
811:
590:
417:
that they could be caught by hand, 'eight or ten load at a time' .
387:
157:
117:
656:
636:
599:
466:
391:
1695:
1989:
872:
693:
689:
685:
681:
459:
414:
375:
359:
323:
167:
107:
1645:"Britain's biggest barbel fish, the Big Lady, killed by otter"
1361:
Gutmann
Roberts, Catherine; Britton, J. Robert (2020-11-01).
1141:
Gutmann
Roberts, Catherine; Britton, J. Robert (2018-09-01).
462:
395:
1072:
1585:
1423:
677:
367:
314:
539:
Many authors have noted the highly toxic nature of barbel
1492:
Bulletin of the
European Association of Fish Pathologists
540:
41:
1272:
1231:
1182:
Gutmann Roberts, Catherine; Britton, J. Robert (2018).
1360:
1181:
1140:
1556:
1117:
The Fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe
1532:
Prose Halieutics: Or, Ancient and Modern Fish Tattle
1482:
573:
the great one from Lorraine by the Marquis du Pont.
413:
reported that there were once so many barbel in the
692:, many anglers still use natural baits, especially
477:) are particularly important foods for young fish.
1068:
1066:
1395:
1113:
2186:
1063:
1053:Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems
594:A specimen barbel from the River Wye, England.
1408:Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien
1528:
992:
988:
986:
753:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T2561A9454585.en
567:He who was buried will come out of the tomb,
1745:
1671:"Could otters kill the next record barbel?"
1107:
350:
1629:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1522:
1043:
727:
585:
358:is native throughout northern and eastern
343:in Sweden. The name derives from the four
59:
40:
1592:. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. p. 229
1550:
1459:
1441:
1378:
1290:
1249:
1158:
1090:
983:
906:
751:
1579:
829:. Scottish Federation for Coarse Angling
589:
424:
797:
791:
14:
2187:
1610:
1483:Djikanovic; Gacic & Cakic (2010).
1321:
1007:
993:Izaak Walton (1869). A. Murray (ed.).
1900:
1899:
1845:"Coarse Fish Records as at July 2021"
1517:A Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle
663:
543:when eaten by humans, including Dame
2029:4e26e011-dd0a-47bc-9ba4-d7ea0128a482
1586:Mrs. Beeton (Isabella Mary) (1861).
1044:Amat Trigo, F.; et al. (2017).
711:at Fittleworth West Sussex in 2019.
2195:IUCN Red List least concern species
1617:The Illustrated London Cookery Book
819:
775:"Common Names List - Barbus barbus"
739:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
24:
1340:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02726.x
937:. 24 November 2011. Archived from
571:Poisoned with the roe of a barbel,
362:, ranging north and east from the
25:
2226:
1874:
1589:The Book of Household Management
1535:. J. W. Parker and son. p.
849:"Introductions of Barbus barbus"
84:
1886:UK Barbel Catchers Club website
1837:
1812:
1787:
1765:
1739:
1689:
1663:
1637:
1604:
1510:
1476:
1417:
1354:
1315:
1266:
1238:River Research and Applications
1225:
1175:
1134:
1037:
386:in several countries including
1557:John Harrington Keene (1881).
953:
923:
866:
841:
767:
721:
13:
1:
1852:British Record Fish Committee
1746:John Bailey (24 April 2000).
714:
313:) is a species of freshwater
489:
7:
2215:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1519:(1496) Dame Juliana Berners
602:for its power and stamina.
480:
10:
2231:
1613:"Salt and Freshwater Fish"
1611:Bishop, Frederick (1852).
1563:. Bazaar Office. pp.
1380:10.1007/s10750-020-04394-9
1279:Ecology of Freshwater Fish
1191:Ecology of Freshwater Fish
1114:Alwyne C. Wheeler (1969).
1019:Environment Agency archive
931:"Stillwater Barbel Thrive"
527:
420:
1908:
1881:UK Barbel Society website
1443:10.1186/s13071-017-2030-y
1160:10.1007/s10750-018-3644-6
1092:10.1007/s10750-018-3864-9
562:, century VII, 24 :
226:
219:
196:
189:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
1820:"Record Breaking Barbel"
965:Wye & Usk Foundation
801:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
351:Distribution and habitat
317:belonging to the family
2205:Cyprinid fish of Europe
1430:Parasites & Vectors
1403:Aspidogaster limacoides
1328:Journal of Fish Biology
586:Recreational importance
501:Aspidogaster limacoides
2210:Fish described in 1758
1619:. London. p. 158.
935:Match Fishing Magazine
827:"Barbel Barbus Barbus"
595:
576:
537:
514:sp., a nematode; and
438:horizontally oriented
430:
345:whiskerlike structures
1781:Fly Fishing in Poland
1529:David Badham (1854).
999:. F. Warne. pp.
879:Ecology and Evolution
815:. March 2006 version.
593:
564:
531:
517:Pomphorhynchus laevis
454:organisms, including
428:
327:, of which it is the
288:Barbus microphthalmus
2024:Fauna Europaea (new)
1891:Photos from Fishbase
961:"Other Fish Species"
746:: e.T2561A97789324.
728:Freyhof, J (2016) .
549:Charles David Badham
1677:. Bauer Media Group
1322:Poncin, P. (1992).
996:The Compleat Angler
51:Conservation status
1824:uk-fisheries.co.uk
1705:Freshwater Biology
664:Fishing for barbel
596:
431:
384:introduced species
255:Barbus fluviatilis
2182:
2181:
2154:Open Tree of Life
1902:Taxon identifiers
1717:10.1111/fwb.12910
1373:(19): 4031–4047.
1292:10.1111/eff.12435
1203:10.1111/eff.12408
971:on 3 October 2015
941:on 2 October 2015
891:10.1002/ece3.1906
655:in the county of
378:and the northern
301:
300:
295:
284:
273:
262:
251:
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74:
16:(Redirected from
2222:
2175:
2174:
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2120:NHMSYS0000544621
2110:
2109:
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1797:. Archived from
1791:
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1251:10.1002/rra.3573
1229:
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1179:
1173:
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1162:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1094:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1050:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1025:on 28 March 2014
1021:. Archived from
1011:
1005:
1004:
990:
981:
980:
978:
976:
967:. Archived from
957:
951:
950:
948:
946:
927:
921:
920:
910:
885:(5): 1280–1292.
870:
864:
863:
861:
859:
845:
839:
838:
836:
834:
823:
817:
816:
795:
789:
788:
786:
785:
771:
765:
764:
762:
760:
755:
725:
676:-based pellets,
449:
290:
279:
268:
257:
246:
232:
202:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
31:
21:
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2219:
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2184:
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2170:
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2157:
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2141:Observation.org
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2118:
2113:
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2061:
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1802:
1793:
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1766:
1756:
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1748:"French Barbel"
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1740:
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1487:
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1418:
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1359:
1355:
1320:
1316:
1271:
1267:
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1226:
1186:
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1176:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1112:
1108:
1071:
1064:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
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991:
984:
974:
972:
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944:
942:
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871:
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796:
792:
783:
781:
779:www.fishbase.de
773:
772:
768:
758:
756:
726:
722:
717:
666:
588:
575:
572:
570:
568:
545:Juliana Berners
530:
522:acanthocephalan
492:
483:
447:
429:Juvenile barbel
423:
353:
266:Barbus communis
244:Barbus vulgaris
230:Cyprinus barbus
215:
204:
198:
185:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
27:Species of fish
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2228:
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2197:
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2163:
2150:
2137:
2124:
2111:
2098:
2085:
2072:
2059:
2046:
2033:
2020:
2011:Fauna Europaea
2007:
1994:
1981:
1968:
1958:
1945:
1930:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1905:
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1893:
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1875:External links
1873:
1870:
1869:
1858:. 19 July 2021
1836:
1811:
1786:
1764:
1738:
1711:(5): 894–905.
1688:
1662:
1651:. 30 July 2015
1636:
1603:
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1549:
1521:
1509:
1475:
1416:
1394:
1353:
1334:(6): 993–997.
1314:
1285:(1): 110–122.
1265:
1244:(2): 259–279.
1224:
1197:(4): 976–987.
1174:
1153:(1): 259–273.
1133:
1126:
1106:
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1036:
1006:
982:
952:
922:
865:
840:
818:
799:Froese, Rainer
790:
766:
719:
718:
716:
713:
665:
662:
613:Hampshire Avon
587:
584:
565:
560:Les Prophéties
529:
526:
511:Eustrongylides
491:
488:
482:
479:
422:
419:
352:
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339:in France and
299:
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285:
274:
263:
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194:
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182:B. barbus
179:
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172:
165:
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141:
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131:
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128:Actinopterygii
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101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
35:Common barbel
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2227:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
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2201:
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2017:
2012:
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1999:
1995:
1991:
1986:
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1954:Barbus_barbus
1950:
1946:
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1940:Barbus barbus
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1910:Barbus barbus
1907:
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1856:Angling Trust
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1825:
1821:
1815:
1801:on 2012-03-13
1800:
1796:
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1775:Barbus barbus
1768:
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1752:Fishing.co.uk
1749:
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1722:
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1367:Hydrobiologia
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1147:Hydrobiologia
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1127:9780333059555
1123:
1120:. Macmillan.
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1080:
1079:Hydrobiologia
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805:Barbus barbus
800:
794:
780:
776:
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733:
732:Barbus barbus
724:
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670:luncheon meat
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487:
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440:pectoral fins
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348:
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334:
333:Great Britain
330:
326:
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320:
316:
312:
311:
310:Barbus barbus
306:
305:common barbel
293:
289:
286:
282:
278:
277:Barbus mayori
275:
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200:Barbus barbus
195:
192:
191:Binomial name
188:
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138:Cypriniformes
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103:
102:
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87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
18:Barbus barbus
1909:
1860:. Retrieved
1851:
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1823:
1814:
1803:. Retrieved
1799:the original
1789:
1780:
1774:
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1751:
1741:
1708:
1704:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1648:
1639:
1616:
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1588:
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1559:
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1531:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1498:(6): 229–236
1495:
1491:
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1082:
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1056:
1052:
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:the original
1018:
1009:
995:
973:. Retrieved
969:the original
964:
955:
943:. Retrieved
939:the original
934:
925:
882:
878:
868:
856:. Retrieved
853:Fishbase.org
852:
843:
831:. Retrieved
821:
810:
804:
793:
782:. Retrieved
778:
769:
757:. Retrieved
743:
737:
731:
723:
709:River Rother
706:
702:
667:
653:River Wensum
641:River Loddon
633:River Severn
617:Dorset Stour
609:
604:Izaak Walton
597:
577:
566:
559:
538:
533:
532:
515:
509:
499:
495:
493:
484:
475:Chironomidae
445:
434:
432:
411:Izaak Walton
404:
400:barbel zones
355:
354:
340:
336:
329:type species
322:
309:
308:
304:
302:
287:
281:Valenciennes
276:
265:
254:
243:
229:
199:
197:
181:
180:
168:
29:
2063:iNaturalist
1934:Wikispecies
1596:13 November
1571:12 November
1542:12 November
1085:: 213–228.
698:fly-fishing
557:Nostradamus
456:crustaceans
154:Subfamily:
2189:Categories
1862:15 January
1805:2011-04-19
784:2019-01-24
759:6 December
715:References
649:Great Ouse
580:Mrs Beeton
508:flatworm;
319:Cyprinidae
148:Cyprinidae
1757:5 October
1725:1365-2427
1655:1 October
1625:cite book
1502:1 October
1452:1756-3305
1436:(1): 90.
1414:: 141-144
1389:1573-5117
1348:1095-8649
1301:1600-0633
1260:1535-1467
1211:1600-0633
1169:1573-5117
1101:1573-5117
1029:2 October
975:2 October
945:1 October
899:2045-7758
858:1 October
833:27 August
506:trematode
496:B. barbus
490:Parasites
435:B. barbus
380:Black Sea
372:Lithuania
356:B. barbus
292:Bonaparte
259:Fitzinger
176:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
2081:10837662
2037:FishBase
1961:BioLib:
1919:Wikidata
1773:"Barbel
1733:90349366
1681:5 August
1470:28212669
1309:91480192
1219:90720417
1015:"Barbel"
917:26843923
812:FishBase
674:fishmeal
498:include
481:Breeding
467:mollusks
388:Scotland
364:Pyrénées
341:flodbarb
234:Linnaeus
221:Synonyms
208:Linnaeus
158:Barbinae
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
2055:5739539
1925:Q326219
1829:20 July
1461:5316170
908:4729780
686:boilies
682:maggots
657:Norfolk
645:Reading
637:Bewdley
600:anglers
553:boluses
528:As food
452:benthic
421:Ecology
392:Morocco
337:barbeau
248:Fleming
164:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
2200:Barbus
2172:154292
2159:780943
2094:163619
2016:304392
2003:BARUBA
1990:211593
1731:
1723:
1468:
1458:
1450:
1387:
1346:
1307:
1299:
1258:
1217:
1209:
1167:
1124:
1099:
915:
905:
897:
694:caddis
690:France
684:, and
680:seed,
625:Kennet
524:worm.
463:larvae
460:insect
433:Adult
415:Danube
376:Russia
360:Europe
324:Barbus
294:, 1846
283:, 1842
272:, 1832
261:, 1832
250:, 1828
169:Barbus
2167:WoRMS
2133:40830
2076:IRMNG
2068:95147
1964:15597
1848:(PDF)
1729:S2CID
1701:(PDF)
1488:(PDF)
1305:S2CID
1215:S2CID
1187:(PDF)
1049:(PDF)
643:near
621:Trent
520:, an
448:139 m
396:Italy
331:. In
270:Perty
2146:2081
2128:NCBI
2107:2561
2102:IUCN
2089:ITIS
2050:GBIF
2042:4472
1998:EPPO
1977:KMZ5
1864:2024
1831:2023
1759:2015
1721:ISSN
1683:2020
1657:2015
1631:link
1598:2015
1573:2015
1544:2015
1504:2015
1466:PMID
1448:ISSN
1412:106B
1385:ISSN
1344:ISSN
1297:ISSN
1256:ISSN
1207:ISSN
1165:ISSN
1122:ISBN
1097:ISSN
1059:: 6.
1031:2015
1003:–87.
977:2015
947:2015
913:PMID
895:ISSN
860:2015
835:2017
761:2022
744:2011
678:hemp
647:and
547:and
504:, a
465:and
394:and
368:Alps
366:and
315:fish
303:The
238:1758
212:1758
2115:NBN
1985:EoL
1972:CoL
1949:ADW
1713:doi
1567:–81
1456:PMC
1438:doi
1375:doi
1371:847
1336:doi
1287:doi
1246:doi
1199:doi
1155:doi
1151:819
1087:doi
1083:830
1057:418
903:PMC
887:doi
748:doi
635:at
629:Wye
541:roe
471:fry
407:Wye
370:to
2191::
2169::
2156::
2143::
2130::
2117::
2104::
2091::
2078::
2065::
2052::
2039::
2026::
2013::
2000::
1987::
1974::
1951::
1936::
1921::
1854:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
