Barassi Line - Knowledge

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rules remained strong, such as the Riverina and Broken Hill in New South Wales as well as the Northern Territory which had developed a strong Australian rules following after the war. By 1944 Rugby League authorities successfully lobbied the New South Wales government to ban the code in public schools in an effort to oust it from the Riverina, which resulted in schools previously playing the code in the its major heartlands of Albury and Wagga switching to Rugby League. While it did not succeed in extinguishing the Australian code there entirely, it usurped the Australian code's premier status in these places, allowing Rugby League to halt the line at Wagga. The Australian Capital Territory which also developed such a following found itself isolated behind the line and it wasn't until the introduction of the

943: 658: 812: 303:'s began to promote the "old English game of football" (rugby union) from 1869 which had begun to become organised in England in the mid 1860s as an alternative to the rival Melbourne colony. The demise of Australian rules in Sydney began in 1868 when the largest schools, under pressure from the local media, switched to rugby. While slow to grow initially, by the 1880s had become firmly established in all three cities. Victorian rules was established in South Australia and Tasmania mainly through 1086: 835:, a rugby league expansion club based in the state's capital specifically created to deny the Bears and the VFL a market. The Bears performed poorly on-field, including back-to-back wooden spoons in 1990 and 1991. Poor support for the club in both Gold Coast and Brisbane saw it run into financial difficulties despite significant AFL subsidies and concessions. With their demise imminent, the AFL intervened and forced a merger with the historic Melbourne-based club 769:(where the code retains a strong following) to Sydney and helping the code to recruit talented athletes from metropolitan areas. In addition to the growth of the game in Sydney, this grassroots expansion has contributed to the Barassi Line moving slightly further north of the border. However, the long campaign to lift the sport's popularity in Sydney and New South Wales has been hindered by deep rooted cultural barriers, which even an 625:

if the redevelopment occurs. A significant share of Giants members are from the ACT; the figure was 5,800 in 2022. In 2015, the Giants set a target to overtake the Raiders membership and have more than 10,000 members by 2018. However, this failed, and the Raiders membership has rapidly outpaced it. Despite this, the deal was extended by the ACT government and the AFL to 2032 for three AFL matches and one AFLW match.

605:. AFL clubs have done so since 2002; however, they have refrained from committing to the market long-term. The ACT is now behind the Barassi Line, and the code continues to decline and slip further behind other codes. The popularity of rugby league, rugby union and soccer, combined with ageing infrastructure for Australian rules football, act as significant deterrents to any future AFL expansion in the ACT. 22: 182: 542: 308:

the 20th Century. Queensland followed Sydney in 1884 when the colony's largest schools there voted to switch to rugby, causing the collapse of the code by there by the end of that decade. By the 1890s, Australian rules was extinct in Sydney and Brisbane with rugby spreading virtually unopposed throughout the respective colonies of New South Wales and Queensland. In Queensland, the

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In 1992, the 15 other AFL clubs were asked to vote on expelling the Swans due to its inability to survive in Sydney. AFL clubs were left with little other option but to commit to subsidising the club to maintain an audience in Sydney. These subsidies were increased until the Swans became viable in the long term. This long-term sustainability was initially aided by a

375:. In many areas the other side's sport remains virtually unknown, lacking any meaningful media profile or awareness. The football culture is significantly ingrained such that it even has an influence on Australians' movement throughout the country. These "insurmountable cultural barriers" have created a significant challenge for each code's national development. 438:. Two sets of Australian rules football goal posts are aligned diagonally on either side of the road, with a sign located nearby explaining the site. The set of goal posts were installed in 2005 as part of work associated with the Centenary of Federation funded bridge and bypass road, and was opened on 5 April 2005 by the Federal Member for Farrer, 893:-based club for entry by 2030. The stadium has hosted at least one AFL premiership match every year since 2011, with an average attendance of 7,120. While Cairns' population is higher than Darwin's, AFL attendances and overall participation are lower and a Cairns-based club would also compete for market share with the Townsville-based 754:, who had not even heard of the sport, using a promotional salary of more than $ 6 million over four years. Folau broke his AFL contract after just one season and his conversion was criticised by the media as a failed promotional exercise. The strategic success of the Giants franchise has been widely questioned. Despite a 2368: 997:(NRL). Part of the agreement to form a new league included a reduction of clubs in the league, especially those recently established in difficult markets, resulting in the disbanding of the clubs in Perth and Adelaide. The Storm continued with success in the new competition, achieving their first premiership win in 585:. The long-term impact of the lack of an AFL club and the introduction of the Raiders saw Australian rules football fall from marginally most popular to least popular of the football codes. Subsequent bids for a Canberra team were rejected by the VFL in 1981, 1986 and 1988, and then by the AFL in 1990 and 1993. 874:

such require significant concessions from the AFL to remain viable. The Lions, in particular, in 2023 had the competition's highest level of debt requiring more than $ 18 million a year in assistance from the AFL, while the Suns receive the highest amount of assistance - $ 25 million a year - to stay solvent.

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stated that "Canberra have their own team, the Giants". The AFL also claimed that Manuka Oval needed to be upgraded in order for the league to commit further to the market. After a failed $ 800 million stadium upgrade proposal, the AFL stated that the Giants–Canberra deal would continue regardless of

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Results indicated demarcation of viewer loyalty to each code based on geographic boundaries, consistent with the existing notion of "the Barassi line". Both codes were shown to be largely reliant on traditional markets for driving television viewership figures, with little evidence to suggest either

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When a Melbourne NRL side was proposed in 1997, Barassi stated to the media, "I've always thought rugby league would be a success in Melbourne. They've got to start down here sometime and the earlier the better. Melburnians love their sport and I'm sure they'd get behind rugby league. But they won't

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had just begun to edge out rugby league in popularity with an increase in participation, and the first calls were made for the VFL to become a national competition. Under significant pressure from rugby league junior development in the territory and fearing the impact on its strong local competition

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The pursuit of national exposure for sports is influenced by the ratings systems used by Australian television. By the late 1980s, the main football codes in Australia realised that in order to garner the desired high national ratings, and increase the value of their product for television broadcast

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The lack of public support in Sydney caused significant financial losses to the club and league during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Excluding a period of privatisation, despite significant loans and writedowns to the club, the league declared the Sydney Swans insolvent in 1984 and again in 1988.

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firmly established the code over rugby union in Sydney and Brisbane respectively, with the governing bodies assisting to spread this code through the major cities to the remote areas of the state mainly through school football. Rugby league's spread however met resistance in areas where Australian

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in the late 1870s. This benefited greatly from their existing code's similarities to Victorian rules and their proximity to Victoria. By the 1880s, however, Australian rules had gained momentum in these colonies and had surpassed rugby union as the dominant code in Western Australia by the turn of

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Rugby union's initial organisation in Australia was mainly in response to the rapid growth of the Victorian rules (as Australian rules was then known) across mainland Australia between 1865 and 1868. With the exception of South Australia and Tasmania which had been playing under their own football

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The Barassi Line, as proposed by Ian Turner in 1978. The line divides the regions where Australian rules football (southwest) or rugby league (northeast) is the most popular football code. Dots mark the locations of cities with at least one club at the highest professional level that deviates from

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Rhinos team in 2018, the only senior club of any code within hundreds of kilometres of the state border. Rugby league remains otherwise entrenched at the grassroots across the state. The Lions and Suns generally only receive support from the Queensland public when they are performing well, and as

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academic, that found that contrary to reports by the league, club participation rates in Sydney had actually stalled, and that the AFL was masking low figures by using short-term, non-club-affiliated Auskick participants and comparing them to competitive junior club participation numbers in other

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Rugby union has also attempted to expand on the Australian football side of line, with mixed results. Western Australia, and Perth in particular, is a market which has had strong historical grassroots support. This is due primarily to a strong expatriate presence, particularly of

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began a successful campaign to exclude the AFL from the expanding stadium which ultimately resulted in its conversion into a rectangular field in 1997, effectively putting an end to any future ACT AFL bids. Following this setback, the AFL preferred its existing clubs—most notably

2365: 503:) were based outside Victoria, with two (Sydney and Brisbane) on the rugby league side of the Barassi Line. Barassi's prophecy of a national Australian rules football league with four teams in New South Wales and Queensland has since been fulfilled with the establishment of 3166: 317:, the colony's governing football body introduced a ban on the Victorian code as early as 1874 to prevent its spread across the Victorian border. While it was not able to halt the Australian code, it severely impaired its growth until the turn of the century. 1066:

as a promotional tool across the Barassi line, hosting more than eight Origin matches in Melbourne since 1990, two in Perth since 2019, and two in Adelaide since 2020, though some have criticised the promotional value of hosting it outside of its heartland.

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A 2022 study of grassroots support found that just 15% of Australian rules football clubs (243 of 1616) and 13% of rugby league clubs (109 of 863) are located across the line. Professional teams that compete across the line in national competitions include:

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is the only current expansion bid, the consortia chaired by Peter Cummins has been active since 2012, though some see it as only possible to maintain a national supporter base if merged with that of another bid by a Sydney club, such as that of the

647:"The NRL is stronger here now than when the Giants started. As someone who worked in head office in Docklands for 15 years I thought I understood Sydney. I had national responsibility for game development, but I didn’t realise how naive I was." 2366:

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stephen_Frawley2/publication/273772263_The_%27Barassi_Line%27_Quantifying_Australia%27s_Great_Sporting_Divide/links/58b5233d45851503bea059db/The-Barassi-Line-Quantifying-Australias-Great-Sporting-Divide.pdf

471:(AFL) to pursue a more national focus. A major reason for the expansion into these non-traditional areas has been to increase both the number of games played each week, and the potential television audience. This resulted in income from 724:

participation as a tool to increase awareness in the Sydney market by introducing a generation of children to the sport; however, the success of this strategy has been criticised. The AFL commissioned a study in 2012 by David Lawson, a

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were vastly more successful, becoming the first triple-premiership winner in 46 years, winning back-to-back in 2001, 2002 and 2003. The success of the Lions contributed to a boom in the sport across the major Queensland cities.

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for whom rugby is generationally popular. While grassroots rugby participation is statistically lower in Victoria and Melbourne, it too has a statistically significant population of expatriates from which to draw support.

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inquiry has described as insurmountable. In 2023 and 2024, despite strong performances from the Giants and Swans, junior numbers are rapidly declining in Western Sydney with numerous junior clubs forced to fold or merge.

925:"The fabric of rugby league is built on tribalism and rivalry. That’s why we can’t rule out . The other reason why a second Melbourne team is good for us, is that our junior base in Victoria has expanded considerably" 3413: 1197:

Neither the Western Force nor the Melbourne Rebels have qualified for the finals series in either the Super 14 or Super Rugby. In 2017, the Western Force was cut from the Super Rugby competition for the 2018 season.

3394: 1426: 794:"The AFL is doing a great job, no doubt, and I take my hat off to them, but competition lifts all ships and their competition has lifted us. We now have the momentum in Queensland. We have reversed the momentum." 745:

predicted that it would take "20 to 30 years" for GWS to become a "powerhouse club" in terms of support drawing from a potential supporter base of over 2 million people. The league helped secure AFL legend coach

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The AFL provides an assistance package to keep both the Swans and GWS financially viable. In 2023 GWS received the highest amount of assistance - $ 25 million a year, while the Swans receive $ 5 million a year.

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successfully banned the Australian code and rugby's popularity rose through success in intercolonial matches with New South Wales. As Australian rules gradually recovered its position in New South Wales, the

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in Adelaide in 1976. Rugby league's expansion across the Barassi line has been driven primarily from the top down by professional franchises and benefited in part from its familiarity with rugby union.

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deals and corporate sponsors, they needed to maximise their national exposure. This meant heavy investment in grassroots development and in the support of clubs on the "other" side of the Barassi Line.

1993:; Australian Bureau of Statistics; 25 January 2007: "Notably, the states and territories which had low attendance rates for rugby league had the highest attendance rates for Australian rules football." 1149:

with five regional franchises from New Zealand, four provincial teams from South Africa, and three state/territory teams from Australia. The three Australian teams were all in rugby territory. For the

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worth $ 23 million, which resulted in the club playing four home games in Canberra each season. The Giants draw higher average attendances at Manuka Oval in Canberra than at their home ground,

101:, where each sport has had similar prominence at different times throughout history – although the rugby codes have established greater prominence there in the decades since it was first proposed. 1336: 2533: 3251: 378:

At the time the term was first used, existing club competitions were semi-professional and state-based. The first national club football competitions emerged in the late 20th century: the

1986: 1102:"Rugby needs to be national and needs the pathways West Australia and Victoria bring, but there’s an argument our talent pool of players and coaches is spread too thin over five sides." 62:

Memorial Lecture. Crowd figures, media coverage, and participation rates are heavily skewed in favour of the dominant code on either side. Other sports are unaffected by the dichotomy;

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team into the VFL was made. The VFL dismissed it, stating it would consider Canberra for a license "within the next 10 years". The league was insistent that the license should go to

2843: 2585: 977:(ARL) created four new expansion teams including one in Perth, resulting in the first major rugby league club based on the Australian rules football side of the Barassi Line, the 3440: 398:(NRL). Given the dominance of Australian rules and rugby on either side, other codes have also been slow to establish sustainable national competitions. The multinational body 3371: 2160: 3625: 3333: 520: 2148: 1194:

and a revived Perth Spirit. Both Melbourne Rising and Perth Spirit made the finals series three times, and Perth won the NRC title in 2016. The NRC was last held in 2019.

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in 1982 that it also began to fall into line. The result is the development of a regional dichotomy with strongly ingrained generational football cultures on either side.

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competitions. However the majority of these clubs would not be viable without ongoing financial support from their parent competitions, with the AFL alone providing over

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codes, the colonies of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia had organised Victorian rules clubs and competitions during this time. Following the

2795: 236:. He believed in spreading the code of Australian rules football around the nation with an evangelical zeal, and became coach and major supporter of the relocated 2186: 862:

using a promotional salary of more than $ 3.2 million. The AFL considered Hunt's promotional recruitment "a good investment" despite his return to rugby league.

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An academic study conducted from 2007 to 2011 shows that the traditional divide remains evident between the two sections of the Barassi Line. The study found:

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were founded as the VFL's first privately owned expansion team in 1986, initially based on the Gold Coast. It suffered enormously with the introduction of the

758:, the club's Sydney audience failed to grow, especially among working class rugby league fans. Though in 2021, a fall in the popularity of rugby union and the 961:

Apart from occasional visiting teams and false starts the Rugby league's local presence was virtually nonexistent behind the Barassi line until 1950 when the

3652: 3538: 2857: 2807: 962: 2048: 89:. It divides New South Wales, with rugby dominating in the state's eastern population centers but enjoying less popularity in the southwest and west; the 2831: 304: 2124: 3096: 3492: 1688: 1679: 865:

While the AFL has gained market share in the major cities, the Barassi Line has barely moved in Queensland. A notable exception is the expansion of

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Four professional Australian football clubs, one rugby union club and one rugby league club exist on the non-traditional side of the Barassi Line.

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to help initially establish the club. As part of its effort to win over rugby league followers in Sydney, the AFL recruited rugby league star

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participation and growth per capita, which is by far strongest in the east (where it faces less competition with Australian rules).

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were due to start in the 1998 Super League season, but in the meantime, the opposing leagues made restitution and established the

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as 1990 with a view of it being the future home of the sport. However, politician and former Canberra Raiders rugby league player

3112: 2207: 787: 3191: 3719: 918: 332: 149:$ 70 million a year in total financial assistance in 2023 to its four northern clubs. Teams that no longer compete include the 2562: 2515: 2384: 824: 3600: 2953: 2979: 2304: 747: 730:

sports. The league was also accused of faking registration figures in an attempt to gain access to Sydney playing fields.

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in 2009. As part of its effort to win over rugby league followers in Queensland, the AFL recruited rugby league star

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The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was once seen as one of the dividing points of the Barassi Line. In 1981, the

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began a period of professionalism and expansion, forming the basis of today's Australian Football League (AFL) and

371:. Each side represents roughly half of the Australian population due to the concentration of the population on the 3038: 762:

saw many union fans switch to the Swans, further establishing it as a sports club of choice for Sydney's wealthy.

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competition in rugby union, expanded their domestic competitions in 1996 to include teams from both sides.

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After existing in the shadow of rugby football for almost a century, interest in Australian rules and the

240:. He foresaw a time when Australian rules football clubs from around Australia, including up to four from 1769: 1187: 697:

in their first decade in Sydney before turning a corner in the mid-1990s, culminating in premierships in

500: 446:. Barassi himself visited the site in October 2012 on the occasion of installation of new signage by the 372: 737:, in 2012, subsidised with millions of dollars of investment and a generational vision to grow into the 536:, 2015, responding in Canberra to the questions from the media on why Canberra doesn't have an AFL team. 414:, to focus on a more nationally balanced competition in 2005. However, its current composition reflects 2400: 1702: 1638: 1594: 1553: 1509: 1396: 1309: 1247: 890: 674: 468: 348: 210: 130: 3275:‘I’d be shocked’: Christian Welch’s surprise as NRL considers second Victorian team in expansion plans 3146:. Vol. 61, no. 18, 655. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 29 October 1986. p. 46 3027:

The $ 6 million flop: Israel Folau experiment fails to kick goals in the former NRL star's move to AFL

2934:. Vol. 67, no. 21, 002. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 13 October 1992. p. 20 2634:. Vol. 64, no. 19, 730. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 15 October 1989. p. 14 2534:"Subscribe to The Australian | Newspaper home delivery, website, iPad, iPhone & Android apps" 1254:

No clubs (the GWS Giants play four home games per season at Manuka Oval as an unofficial second home)

2773: 2690:. Vol. 57, no. 17, 276. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 16 January 1983. p. 6 2272: 1287:

No clubs (the GWS Giants since 2019 play some home games at Manuka Oval as an unofficial second home)

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Former AFL chief executive Andrew Demetriou tips GWS Giants to be ‘much bigger’ than Gold Coast Suns

2786:"North Melbourne Kangaroos eye return to Canberra" from The Australian by Greg Denham | May 06, 2009 2441: 1217:

code expanded its national reach during the period, despite vastly contrasting broadcast strategies.

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On the back of the code's subsequent growth, the AFL pushed heavily for a permanent presence on the

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The AFL began zone and academy recruitment programs, fostering talented young players from clubs in

2718:. Vol. 70, no. 21, 873. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 7 March 1995. p. 22 2662:. Vol. 55, no. 16, 746. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 2 August 1981. p. 6 1417: 1118: 1016:

signalled that the competition was focused on creating a second team in Brisbane (which became the

906: 894: 855: 811: 356: 2746:. Vol. 70, no. 21, 873. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 7 March 1995. p. 1 2229: 2903:. Vol. 62, no. 19, 206. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 7 May 1988. p. 64 1176: 1126: 1076: 974: 726: 496: 206: 620:

in Sydney. In 2015, in response to questions relating to a proposed Canberra team, then AFL CEO

1882: 1615: 1574: 1165: 1153:, with the competition then becoming the Super 14, significantly, the new Australian team, the 1134: 1063: 851: 738: 492: 387: 3513:‘That’s the ambition’: V’landys’ plan for 18th, 19th NRL franchises revealed amid Bears return 2463: 657: 3015: 2844:‘The NRL is stronger here than when the Giants started’: Swans, GWS want AFL to lift its game 2161:

What happened to the Adelaide Rams? The formation and demise of rugby league’s forgotten club

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The following year, the ARU sought to create a national domestic competition, launching the

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started in 1997, it had begun establishing more clubs on the opposite side of the line. The

577:, which it believed had a much larger potential broadcast audience. The following year, the 3263: 1150: 1146: 998: 950: 878: 755: 710: 702: 698: 694: 86: 63: 3682: 2071: 1029:"Perth are absolutely on our hit list for expansion and it’s sooner rather than later..." 885:

entered an official bid for the AFL's 20th license with a team based out of a redeveloped

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grew substantially in the 1970s and 1980s, aided by significant interstate migration. The

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In 2024, the Melbourne Rebels were axed after insurmountable financial debts and losses.

886: 870: 854:, and despite failed attempts to relocate an existing club, granted a new license to the 415: 287:, Melbourne in the 1860s had become the largest and most influential city. Due mainly to 284: 142: 3414:"Expanded 18-team competition and two new conferences would bring back tribalism to NRL" 3204:

Gold Coast Suns to pay outgoing convert Karmichael Hunt $ 1 million for one game in 2014

1190:(NRC), would start play in 2014. Of its nine inaugural teams, two were across the line: 527:"Canberra have their own team, the GWS Giants. They play a number of games down here." 3142: 2930: 2899: 2742: 2714: 2686: 2658: 2630: 1683: 1052: 953:. This premiership, among other team achievements, was later stripped from them due to 882: 662: 335:

is now the most popular football code to the west and south, including the capitals of

256: 2204: 2049:"Where do rugby codes' strongholds turn to rules? At the 'Barassi Line', of course..." 2421: 2300: 2276:. Vol. LVIII, no. 9408. New South Wales, Australia. 15 July 1868. p. 5 2235: 2137:

AFL sank its claws into Queensland thanks to Christopher Skase and the Brisbane Bears

2003: 1138: 1038: 1021: 1013: 934: 803: 770: 488: 472: 202: 3716: 3563:‘It’ll take a miracle’: decades of decline leave Australian rugby at dire crossroads 3125:

State of the Game: Peter V’landys on fifth Queensland team, AFL threat, trade window

2149:'Stop the fight': Western Reds legends call for introduction of Perth-based NRL team 26:

the Barassi Line; hollow dots mark the locations of cities that formerly had a club.

1866: 1191: 1180: 1009: 982: 832: 742: 714: 621: 589: 582: 533: 383: 326: 162: 66:, for example, has maintained consistent national interest throughout its history. 3348: 3723: 3618: 3100: 2415: 2372: 2256:

Beyond the Barassi Line: The Origins and Diffusion of Football Codes in Australia

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based on the opposite side of the line. However, the ARC lasted only one season.

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and would likely require a similar AFL assistance package to the Lions and Suns.

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AFL boss Gillon McLachlan wants sport to dominate Canberra market via GWS Giants

2187:"Battle looms as Rugby Australia slams rescue plan, shuts down Melbourne Rebels" 248:, would play in a national football league with only a handful of them based in 97:

both fall on the Australian rules football side. The line also runs through the

2559:"Why AFL expansion really is worth all the risks - SPORTS OPINIONS - TEN SPORT" 2343: 1454: 1411: 1405: 1388: 1356: 1280: 1108: 1017: 843: 828: 484: 426:

The Barassi Line is symbolically marked on Federation Way between the towns of

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An Analysis of Broadcasting and Attendance in the Australian Football Industry

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A Brief History of Football in Wagga. The Riverina Weekender. 23 February 2013

3733: 3334:"NRL grand final countdown No.3: 1999, Melbourne Storm v St George Illawarra" 3167:"The fall of AFL football in Queensland, once the pride of the national game" 2858:"Bloods, sweat and tears: how the Swans became pride of Sydney - AFL - Sport" 2267: 1913: 1545: 1154: 1089: 1056: 986: 866: 166: 158: 118: 78: 3216:

The Barassi Line: a globally unique divider splitting Australia’s footy fans

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GIANTS Announce Landmark Long-Term Partnership Extension with ACT Government

2586:"Pay to play: how sports bodies keeping winning the TV great rights battles" 2184: 390:. However, these struggled for national interest. In the 1980s, the VFL and 1318: 1175:

The next expansion of rugby union on the opposite side of the line came in

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Rugby League's introduction in 1908 ushered in professionalism which after

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draw higher average attendances here than at their primary home ground,

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were added as Australia's fifth team in the newly renamed Super Rugby.

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Funding of AFL clubs revealed in massive $ 100m gap from rich and poor

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in 2023 on NRL expansion in Victoria and the addition of a second team

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The Ron Barassi Memorial Lecture was a series of lectures named after

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The unlikely Melbourne suburbs pumping out professional rugby players

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by Peter Badel for the News Corp Australia Sports Newsroom 7 May 2023

431: 336: 260: 249: 205:. Barassi Sr. played a number of Australian rules football games for 181: 82: 39: 3286:

League tackles growth beyond grass roots - Business News 20 Apr 2022

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By Tyson Otto from News Corp Australia Newspapers. 30 September 2022

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de Moore, Greg; Hess, Rob; Nicholson, Matthew; Stewart, Bob (2021).

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Fallen, the Ultimate Heroes: Footballers who Never Returned from War

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overtook the latter as the dominant sport on the Eastern Seaboard.

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Perth NRL bid open to Bears, Jets liaison but would rather go alone

2026:"The 'Barassi Line': Quantifying Australia's Great Sporting Divide" 2004:"The 'Barassi Line': Quantifying Australia's Great Sporting Divide" 1046:

Melbourne remains the sole NRL club on the other side of the line.

766: 570: 411: 368: 364: 340: 300: 228:, the elder Barassi's son, who was a star player for Melbourne and 90: 1111:

in 2023 on Super Rugby's chronic struggles across the Barassi line

3493:"Perth Nines a precursor to Perth team? No chance, says V'landys" 3206:

by Sam Landsberger and Nick Smart for the Herald Sun 24 July 2014

1921: 1898: 1874: 1830: 1789: 1748: 1674: 1012:, the NRL became very reluctant to expand. Commissioner chairman 978: 721: 569:

of entry of a Sydney team, a formal bid for a license to enter a

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In 2013, the ARU announced that a new domestic competition, the

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are more popular on the eastern side, including the capitals of

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AFL boss Gillon McLachlan says success in Canberra 'inevitable'

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In 1990, the Victorian Football League changed its name to the

427: 360: 344: 292: 21: 2710:"Ossie's plans for Bruce Stadium development get AFL off-side" 1133:

Shortly after the sport went professional in August 1995, the

541: 3441:"NRL expansion being dropped from agenda until at least 2015" 3349:"League bosses eye southern frontier in expansion strategies" 2846:

by Caroline Wilson for the Sydney Morning Herald 9 April 2023

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Ronald Lawson, University of Queensland Press, 1973, page 203

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Winners and losers: The 2023 AFL club funding ladder revealed

1328:(Since 2012 play four home games per season in Canberra, ACT) 1227: 1047: 720:

In addition to promoting the Swans, the AFL attempted to use

521:

Australian rules football in the Australian Capital Territory

296: 129:(2010). That is, four Australian rules football clubs in the 2294: 2185:

Sarah Danckert, Iain Payten and Carla Jaeger (30 May 2024).

3078:

How AFL is poking its tongue out at rugby league heartland

2218:, Volume 16, Melbourne University Press, 2002, pp 424-425. 2108:

Melbourne Rebels may have traded insolvent since 2018: PwC

693:

in 1982. The club endured limited success and a series of

146: 3528:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 15 February 2012. 3115:

By Nathan Taylor for the Western Weekender 13 March 2024

16:

Imaginary geographic line of football codes in Australia

3240:

NT task force reacts to Cairns AFL bid for 20th licence

2385:

Your choice of footy team can predict where you’ll move

1024:, which "don't have a huge audience" for rugby league. 806:

in 2023 on the AFL's growth in popularity in Queensland

566:

Australian Capital Territory Australian Football League

3218:

by Hunter Fujak for The Conversation. 15 July 15, 2022

3113:

Call for help: Junior AFL clubs struggling for numbers

3054:

A tale of two Sydneys: Swans soar, Giants a sore point

2946: 1020:), instead of investing money into AFL states such as 733:

The AFL introduced a second New South Wales team, the

434:

near the New South Wales—Victoria state border at the

3697:"Why playing in Canberra is so special for gun Giant" 3467:"The key battlefronts in the football expansion wars" 3068:

by Mike Meehall Wood for Forbes Business 1 April 2021

2820:

Giants boss David Matthews aiming for 10,000 Canberra

588:

The AFL began playing matches at the newly developed

275:

developed their identities as distinct codes, before

2297:

Australia's Game: The History of Australian Football

963:

Northern Territory Rugby Football League Association

652:

Dave Matthews, head of the GWS Giants in April 2023.

252:, but his ideas were largely ridiculed at the time. 3626:"Western Force culled from Super Rugby competition" 3565:

by Angus Fontaine for The Guardian 23 February 2024

3508: 3506: 3252:

Ambitious proposal for Cairns to join expanding AFL

2808:

GWS Giants eye new 10-year deal with ACT government

2120: 2118: 2116: 453: 73:'s western border, drops southeast through western 3242:by Nathaniel Chambers for Code Sports 20 June 2023 3103:. Melbourne, Vic.: Victoria University. pp. 20–28. 3297:"Peace deal brings end to three disastrous years" 3071: 3056:By Caroline Wilson for The Age. 17 September 2022 2920: 2918: 2798:By Chris Dutton, David Polkinghorne 24 April 2018 1232: 581:entered the Canberra market with a new club, the 232:and a premiership-winning coach with Carlton and 3731: 3573: 3571: 3553:by Des Houghton for the Courier Mail 25 May 2023 3503: 2615:by David Polkinghorne for The Age 19 August 2015 2395: 2393: 2113: 1476: 1145:to create the Super 12 competition. It began in 3551:State of Origin is dying and I think I know why 2972: 2895:"TIMES Sport VFL takes control of Sydney Swans" 1715: 514: 267:sporting culture. The divide has existed since 165:(2009–2024). Active expansion bids include the 3411: 3049: 3047: 3041:By Ethan Meldrum for TripleM 16 September 2017 2915: 2139:By Solua Middleton ABC Gld Coast 22 March 2020 1984:4174.0 - Sports Attendance, Australia, 2005-06 1164:(ARC). It launched with eight teams, with the 1092:running out for their first game home game at 3578:by Justin Gris for Business News 1 March 2024 3568: 3066:The NRL Isn’t Killing Super Rugby; The AFL Is 2526: 2413: 2401:"AFL tells Senate to mind their own business" 2390: 2322: 2180: 2178: 1971:The Great Australian Book of Football Stories 1441:Proposed relocation of North Melbourne (2007) 1342:Proposed relocation of North Melbourne (1999) 1267:Proposed relocation of North Melbourne (2002) 1041:in 2024 on NRL expansion in Western Australia 3392: 2770:Chief Minister, Australian Capital Territory 2205:Turner, Ian Alexander Hamilton (1922 - 1978) 635:Australian rules football in New South Wales 462: 3369: 3044: 2882:On This Day: Powerplay sells Swans for $ 10 2163:by Kye Kuncoro for Sporting News 4 May 2023 2110:by Zoe Samios Business reporter 25 Apr 2024 1996: 869:in the state's west to include the outback 819:at the redeveloped Cararra Stadium in 2011. 259:'s relatively homogeneous nature, a strong 3591:by Nicole Precel for The Age 28 March 2022 3438: 3395:"Lack of talent delaying expansion dreams" 3264:Cazaly's Stadium - Attendances (2011-2022) 3154:– via National Library of Australia. 2942:– via National Library of Australia. 2911:– via National Library of Australia. 2754:– via National Library of Australia. 2726:– via National Library of Australia. 2698:– via National Library of Australia. 2670:– via National Library of Australia. 2642:– via National Library of Australia. 2626:"Swans might be Canberra's lever into AFL" 2608: 2606: 2407: 2355:– via National Library of Australia. 2284:– via National Library of Australia. 2175: 2086:by Ben Cotton from Fox Sports 8 March 2022 1968: 1228:Australian rules football east of the line 1005:accept rubbish and that's the key to it." 421: 2654:"Weaknesses exposed in VFL transfer plan" 2583: 2127:by Jake Niall for The Age 3 February 2023 641:Australian rules football in the Riverina 185:Statue of Australian rules football star 3092:Hard Sell: Australian Football in Sydney 3039:Israel Folau Reveals Why He Quit The AFL 2855: 2577: 2172:Fate of women's team still to be decided 2046: 1084: 941: 810: 656: 540: 392:New South Wales Rugby League premiership 291:, the media of the colonial capitals of 224:The Barassi Line itself was named after 180: 42:which approximately divides areas where 20: 3490: 3372:"TV money puts brakes on NRL expansion" 3332:Boyd, Christopher (30 September 2009). 2856:Halloran, Jessica (23 September 2005). 2603: 2442:"Ausplay Research Football/soccer 2022" 2420:. Random House Australia. p. 179. 2151:Nine Wide World of Sports 6 August 2023 2040: 1720: 1366:Greater Western Sydney Giants (Women's) 965:was founded in Darwin, followed by the 788:Australian rules football in Queensland 410:revamped its flagship competition, the 54:. The term was first used by historian 3760:Australian rules football in Australia 3732: 3515:Fox League from Fox Sports 13 May 2024 3315:"Rivals bury the hatchet in Australia" 3228:Lions, Suns argue over AFL concessions 3194:By Jon Pierik for The Age 12 June 2010 3192:Time to show if Hunt has what it takes 2682:"Raiders only bright spot of ACT year" 2387:Aidan Devine, The Telegraph 4 Jun 2018 2234:. Melbourne, Victoria: Crown Content. 1890: 919:Rugby league in the Northern Territory 3650: 3346: 2098:from FootyIndustry.com 5 October 2016 2047:Marshall, Konrad (26 February 2016). 1481: 1423:Proposed relocation of Fitzroy (1986) 1333:Proposed relocation of Fitzroy (1980) 825:Queensland Australian Football League 85:on the border of New South Wales and 3601:Axed championship splits Aussie game 3491:Webster, Andrew (13 February 2020). 3464: 3331: 2268:"FROM THE 3RD JULY TO THE 10TH JULY" 2227: 1761: 1651: 1293: 1204: 217:and subsequently dying in action at 3420:from the original on 2 October 2014 2980:"AFL accused of exploiting figures" 2339:"RUGBY IS OUSTING CODE IN RIVERINA" 2299:. Hardie Grant Books. p. 188. 689:relocated to Sydney and became the 548:, home of the code in the ACT. The 213:(VFL) before enlisting to fight in 69:Roughly speaking, the line follows 13: 3660:(Master of Arts (Sport Studies)). 3526:"Flo casts doubt on Perth NRL bid" 2254:Hess, Rob and Nicholson, Matthew. 2216:Australian Dictionary of Biography 1522: 1035:Australian Rugby League Commission 931:Australian Rugby League Commission 800:Australian Rugby League Commission 628: 93:region and western mining city of 14: 3771: 3710: 3603:from Stuff.co.nz 18 February 2009 3254:from The Cairns Post 20 June 2023 3164: 2954:"Auskick putting Sydney kids off" 2926:"ACT hovers over Swans' deathbed" 2584:Hawthorne, Mark (25 March 2017). 915:Rugby league in Western Australia 3662:University of Technology, Sydney 3370:Brad Walter (20 November 2009). 3080:by Roy Masters 16 September 2022 2834:by GIANTS Media 11 December 2022 2766:"A fair go for local footy fans" 1397:Australian Football League (AFL) 1310:Australian Football League (AFL) 1248:Australian Football League (AFL) 1139:New Zealand Rugby Football Union 1081:Rugby union in Western Australia 454:League structures and expansions 3689: 3675: 3651:Fujak, Hunter (November 2012). 3644: 3606: 3594: 3582: 3556: 3544: 3532: 3518: 3484: 3458: 3432: 3412:Phil Rothfield (1 April 2014). 3405: 3386: 3363: 3340: 3325: 3307: 3289: 3280: 3268: 3257: 3245: 3233: 3221: 3209: 3197: 3185: 3158: 3130: 3118: 3106: 3083: 3059: 3032: 3020: 3009: 2997: 2887: 2875: 2849: 2837: 2825: 2813: 2810:from Canberra Times 18 Apr 2022 2801: 2789: 2780: 2758: 2730: 2702: 2674: 2646: 2618: 2551: 2513: 2507: 2481: 2456: 2434: 2378: 2359: 2331: 2313: 2288: 2260: 2248: 2221: 2197: 2166: 2154: 2142: 2130: 1490:Northern Territory Rugby League 1380: 911:Rugby league in South Australia 900: 612:signed a 10-year deal with the 511:in 2011 and 2012 respectively. 197:given between 1966 and 1978 by 3615:from Rugby 365 7 February 2011 3439:Todd Balym (25 October 2012). 3393:David Riccio (22 March 2014). 2444:. Clearinghouseforsport.gov.au 2101: 2089: 2077: 2065: 1977: 1961: 1729:Northern Territory Rugby Union 1703:NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW) 1660:Western Australia Rugby League 1639:NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW) 1595:NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW) 1554:NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW) 1510:NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW) 1262:"Australian Capital Territory" 1070: 756:grand final appearance in 2019 711:grand final appearance in 1996 475:rising dramatically. From the 189:, namesake of the Barassi Line 1: 3347:Dunne, Jeff (24 March 1997). 3230:from sbs.com.au 7 August 2015 3016:GWS Giants - Foundation Years 3006:by Marc McGowan 23 March 2022 2772:. 30 May 2009. Archived from 1955: 1843: 1802: 1477:Rugby league west of the line 1325:Greater Western Sydney Giants 1162:Australian Rugby Championship 1137:(ARU) joined forces with the 1062:The ARL continues to use the 967:South Australian Rugby League 781: 735:Greater Western Sydney Giants 687:South Melbourne Football Club 610:Greater Western Sydney Giants 601:—to sell their home games to 550:Greater Western Sydney Giants 408:Football Federation Australia 315:Southern Rugby Football Union 310:Northern Rugby Football Union 127:Greater Western Sydney Giants 2495:. 22 October 2014. p. 3 2489:"Marking 'The Barassi Line'" 2074:Brett Tweedie. December 2022 1716:Rugby union west of the line 1531:South Australia Rugby League 1233:Australian Capital Territory 981:. By the time the breakaway 579:New South Wales Rugby League 515:Australian Capital Territory 479:, six of sixteen AFL clubs ( 442:on behalf of Prime Minister 201:, a professor of history at 99:Australian Capital Territory 7: 3726:Investigation by Colin Ross 3465:Kerr, Jack (2 March 2016). 1973:. Melbourne: Currey O'Neil. 1969:Hutchinson, Garrie (1983). 1943: 1770:South Australia Rugby Union 1667:National Rugby League (NRL) 1623:National Rugby League (NRL) 1607: 1582:National Rugby League (NRL) 1566: 1538:National Rugby League (NRL) 1497:National Rugby League (NRL) 1188:National Rugby Championship 685:Encouraged by the VFL, the 10: 3776: 3277:from Fox Sports 2 May 2023 2822:Canberra Times 20 Apr 2015 2417:Sheilas, Wogs and Poofters 2096:Melbourne Storm Financials 1883:Melbourne Rebels (Women's) 1074: 904: 785: 675:Australian Football League 638: 632: 518: 469:Australian Football League 131:Australian Football League 3755:Rugby league in Australia 3541:By Joel Gould 12 May 2024 3497:The Sydney Morning Herald 3376:The Sydney Morning Herald 2984:The Sydney Morning Herald 2862:The Sydney Morning Herald 2590:The Sydney Morning Herald 2273:The Sydney Morning Herald 2191:The Sydney Morning Herald 2052:The Sydney Morning Herald 1912:2006–2017, 2020–present: 1469:Gold Coast Suns (Women's) 1143:South African Rugby Union 1123:South African Australians 463:Australian rules football 380:Championship of Australia 333:Australian rules football 269:Australian rules football 211:Victorian Football League 176: 44:Australian rules football 3750:Rugby union in Australia 3722:11 November 2017 at the 2371:12 December 2017 at the 1689:NRL expansion bid (2022) 1680:NRL expansion bid (2022) 1463:Brisbane Lions (Women's) 1432:AFL expansion bid (1996) 1258:AFL expansion bid (1990) 1119:Anglo-Celtic Australians 1008:In the aftermath of the 907:Rugby league in Victoria 895:North Queensland Cowboys 856:Gold Coast Football Club 661:Banner at the inaugural 263:exists in the country's 3089:Healy, Matthew (2002). 2210:25 October 2009 at the 1930:Western Force (Women's) 1127:New Zealand Australians 1077:Rugby union in Victoria 975:Australian Rugby League 673:in 2012, heralding the 422:Physical representation 2414:Johnny Warren (2002). 1616:Victorian Rugby League 1575:Tasmanian Rugby League 1445:"Gold Coast Kangaroos" 1372:Sydney Swans (Women's) 1225: 1157:, was based in Perth. 1135:Australian Rugby Union 1104: 1097: 1064:State of Origin series 1031: 958: 927: 820: 796: 739:Greater Western Sydney 682: 667:Greater Western Sydney 649: 561: 529: 509:Greater Western Sydney 416:association football's 402:, which organises the 388:National Soccer League 305:representative matches 190: 27: 3745:Sport in the Riverina 3740:Football in Australia 3173:. No. 8 May 2015 3165:Rucci, Michelangelo. 3099:18 March 2018 at the 2493:The Free Press Corowa 1950:Football in Australia 1852:Victorian Rugby Union 1811:Tasmanian Rugby Union 1214: 1100: 1088: 1075:Further information: 1027: 995:National Rugby League 945: 923: 905:Further information: 814: 792: 786:Further information: 713:and fallout from the 660: 645: 639:Further information: 633:Further information: 544: 525: 519:Further information: 396:National Rugby League 289:intercolonial rivalry 184: 139:National Rugby League 24: 3671:on 24 December 2013. 2776:on 23 February 2011. 2538:theaustralian.com.au 1271:"Canberra Kangaroos" 879:Far North Queensland 727:Melbourne University 50:is the most popular 3630:The Daily Telegraph 3399:The Daily Telegraph 3321:. 25 December 1997. 3303:. 27 December 1997. 2520:TenPlay - TEN Sport 1989:14 May 2011 at the 1179:, when the current 955:salary cap breaches 677:'s 'giant leap' in 285:Victorian Gold Rush 143:Super Rugby Pacific 3382:on 2 October 2014. 3143:The Canberra Times 2931:The Canberra Times 2900:The Canberra Times 2743:The Canberra Times 2715:The Canberra Times 2687:The Canberra Times 2659:The Canberra Times 2631:The Canberra Times 2464:"The Barassi Line" 2228:Main, Jim (2002). 2006:. 21 December 2013 1721:Northern Territory 1684:West Coast Pirates 1482:Northern Territory 1455:AFL Women's (AFLW) 1357:AFL Women's (AFLW) 1346:"Sydney Kangaroos" 1281:AFL Women's (AFLW) 1107:Rugby commentator 1098: 1053:North Sydney Bears 959: 949:players after the 821: 683: 562: 257:Australian culture 191: 155:Western/Perth Reds 77:, and ends at the 64:Australian cricket 28: 1936:RugbyWA (Women's) 1891:Western Australia 1652:Western Australia 1205:Current situation 1022:Western Australia 842:The newly formed 771:Australian Senate 717:on rugby league. 473:television rights 203:Monash University 137:clubs across the 3767: 3717:The Barassi Line 3705: 3704: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3664:. 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The Australian 3344: 3338: 3337: 3329: 3323: 3322: 3311: 3305: 3304: 3293: 3287: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3261: 3255: 3249: 3243: 3237: 3231: 3225: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3042: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3018: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2922: 2913: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2891: 2885: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2784: 2778: 2777: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2706: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2650: 2644: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2622: 2616: 2610: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2561:. 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AFL CEO 715:Super League war 653: 622:Gillon McLachlan 583:Canberra Raiders 537: 534:Gillon McLachlan 384:NFL Night Series 327:Canberra Raiders 163:Melbourne Rebels 161:(1995–1997) and 3775: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3730: 3729: 3724:Wayback Machine 3713: 3708: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3657: 3649: 3645: 3635: 3633: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3611: 3607: 3599: 3595: 3587: 3583: 3576: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3549: 3545: 3537: 3533: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3511: 3504: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3463: 3459: 3449: 3447: 3437: 3433: 3423: 3421: 3410: 3406: 3391: 3387: 3368: 3364: 3354: 3352: 3345: 3341: 3330: 3326: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3295: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3273: 3269: 3262: 3258: 3250: 3246: 3238: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3202: 3198: 3190: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3111: 3107: 3101:Wayback Machine 3088: 3084: 3076: 3072: 3064: 3060: 3052: 3045: 3037: 3033: 3025: 3021: 3014: 3010: 3002: 2998: 2988: 2986: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2963: 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1636: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1578: 1577: 1576: 1573: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1546:Adelaide Rams 1543: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1529: 1515: 1514: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1501: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1488: 1470: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1446: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1393: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1387: 1373: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1353: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1311: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1272: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1244: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1218: 1213: 1210: 1202: 1199: 1195: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1158: 1156: 1155:Western Force 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1113: 1110: 1103: 1095: 1091: 1090:Western Force 1087: 1082: 1078: 1068: 1065: 1060: 1058: 1057:Western Bears 1054: 1049: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1006: 1002: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 987:Adelaide Rams 984: 980: 976: 973:In 1995, the 971: 968: 964: 956: 952: 948: 944: 939: 936: 932: 926: 920: 916: 912: 908: 898: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 877:In 2023, the 875: 872: 868: 867:AFL Mount Isa 863: 861: 857: 853: 848: 845: 840: 838: 834: 830: 826: 818: 813: 808: 805: 801: 795: 789: 779: 775: 772: 768: 763: 761: 757: 753: 749: 744: 740: 736: 731: 728: 723: 718: 716: 712: 706: 704: 700: 696: 695:wooden spoons 692: 688: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 659: 654: 648: 642: 636: 626: 623: 619: 615: 611: 608:In 2012, the 606: 604: 600: 595: 591: 590:Bruce Stadium 586: 584: 580: 576: 572: 567: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 538: 535: 528: 522: 512: 510: 506: 502: 501:Port Adelaide 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 460: 451: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 419: 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Retrieved 3629: 3620: 3608: 3596: 3584: 3558: 3546: 3534: 3520: 3496: 3486: 3474:. Retrieved 3470: 3460: 3448:. Retrieved 3444: 3434: 3422:. Retrieved 3407: 3401:. Australia. 3398: 3388: 3380:the original 3375: 3365: 3353:. Retrieved 3342: 3327: 3318: 3309: 3300: 3291: 3282: 3270: 3259: 3247: 3235: 3223: 3211: 3199: 3187: 3175:. Retrieved 3170: 3160: 3148:. Retrieved 3141: 3132: 3120: 3108: 3090: 3085: 3073: 3061: 3034: 3022: 3011: 2999: 2987:. Retrieved 2983: 2974: 2962:. Retrieved 2957: 2948: 2936:. Retrieved 2929: 2905:. Retrieved 2898: 2889: 2877: 2865:. Retrieved 2861: 2851: 2839: 2827: 2815: 2803: 2791: 2782: 2774:the original 2769: 2760: 2750:14 September 2748:. Retrieved 2741: 2732: 2722:14 September 2720:. Retrieved 2713: 2704: 2692:. Retrieved 2685: 2676: 2664:. Retrieved 2657: 2648: 2636:. Retrieved 2629: 2620: 2593:. Retrieved 2589: 2579: 2567:. Retrieved 2563:the original 2553: 2541:. Retrieved 2537: 2528: 2519: 2509: 2499:17 September 2497:. 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Fox NRL. 3177:16 November 2989:15 December 2964:15 December 2960:. Melbourne 2907:10 December 2884:May 6, 2020 2867:16 November 2595:16 November 2516:"TEN Sport" 2057:11 November 1906:Super Rugby 1865:2011–2024: 1859:Super Rugby 1818:Super Rugby 1777:Super Rugby 1736:Super Rugby 1673:1995–1997: 1544:1997–1998: 1404:1987–1996: 1302:AFL NSW/ACT 1241:AFL NSW/ACT 1071:Rugby union 603:Manuka Oval 546:Manuka Oval 444:John Howard 404:Super Rugby 357:rugby union 322:World War I 273:rugby union 125:(2009) and 95:Broken Hill 60:Ron Barassi 3734:Categories 3445:Herald Sun 3319:The Nation 3301:The Nation 3150:2 December 2694:9 December 2666:9 December 2638:9 December 2241:1740950100 1956:References 1675:Perth Reds 1381:Queensland 852:Gold Coast 782:Queensland 505:Gold Coast 489:West Coast 440:Sussan Ley 373:east coast 246:Queensland 199:Ian Turner 169:(NRL) and 141:(NRL) and 71:Queensland 56:Ian Turner 3636:11 August 2543:16 August 2010:16 August 839:in 1996. 497:Fremantle 432:Wahgunyah 339:, Perth, 337:Melbourne 261:dichotomy 250:Melbourne 207:Melbourne 83:Cape Howe 40:Australia 3720:Archived 3471:ABC News 3418:Archived 3355:4 August 3138:"Sports" 3097:Archived 2369:Archived 2208:Archived 1987:Archived 1944:See also 1844:Victoria 1837:No clubs 1824:No clubs 1803:Tasmania 1796:No clubs 1783:No clubs 1755:No clubs 1742:No clubs 1709:No clubs 1645:No clubs 1608:Victoria 1601:No clubs 1588:No clubs 1567:Tasmania 1560:No clubs 1516:No clubs 1503:No clubs 1220:— 1096:in 2006. 1059:" bid). 1018:Dolphins 989:and the 881:city of 665:between 571:Canberra 532:AFL CEO 493:Adelaide 412:A-League 386:and the 369:Canberra 365:Brisbane 341:Adelaide 301:Brisbane 265:football 255:Despite 121:(2005), 117:(1997), 113:(1996), 109:(1982), 91:Riverina 87:Victoria 3095:(PDF). 2958:The Age 2938:10 July 2569:30 July 2032:25 July 1922:Super W 1899:RugbyWA 1875:Super W 1831:Super W 1790:Super W 1749:Super W 871:Dajarra 837:Fitzroy 722:Auskick 400:SANZAAR 230:Carlton 209:in the 173:(AFL). 2424: 2303: 2238: 1370:2023: 1037:chair 933:chair 917:, and 891:Darwin 883:Cairns 802:chair 671:Sydney 575:Sydney 558:Sydney 481:Sydney 428:Corowa 382:, the 361:Sydney 351:while 349:Darwin 347:, and 345:Hobart 293:Sydney 219:Tobruk 177:Origin 171:Cairns 34:is an 3669:(PDF) 3658:(PDF) 2448:7 May 2375:p.102 2280:1 May 1048:Perth 297:Perth 3701:AFLW 3638:2017 3478:2017 3452:2017 3426:2017 3357:2021 3179:2017 3152:2021 2991:2013 2966:2013 2940:2022 2909:2021 2869:2017 2752:2022 2724:2022 2696:2021 2668:2021 2640:2021 2597:2017 2571:2012 2545:2018 2501:2023 2475:2023 2450:2023 2422:ISBN 2353:2022 2301:ISBN 2282:2022 2236:ISBN 2059:2017 2034:2022 2012:2018 1177:2011 1168:and 1151:2006 1147:1996 1141:and 1125:and 1079:and 999:1999 815:The 703:2012 701:and 699:2005 669:and 507:and 499:and 430:and 367:and 355:and 299:and 271:and 244:and 30:The 556:in 147:AUD 81:at 46:or 38:in 3736:: 3699:. 3628:. 3570:^ 3505:^ 3495:. 3469:. 3443:. 3397:. 3374:. 3317:. 3299:. 3169:. 3140:. 3046:^ 2982:. 2956:. 2928:. 2917:^ 2897:. 2860:. 2768:. 2740:. 2712:. 2684:. 2656:. 2628:. 2605:^ 2588:. 2536:. 2518:. 2491:. 2466:. 2392:^ 2341:. 2270:. 2214:, 2189:. 2177:^ 2115:^ 1691:: 1682:: 1443:: 1434:: 1425:: 1344:: 1335:: 1269:: 1260:: 1121:, 1001:. 913:, 909:, 705:. 495:, 491:, 487:, 483:, 450:. 363:, 343:, 295:, 221:. 3703:. 3685:. 3640:. 3499:. 3480:. 3454:. 3428:. 3359:. 3336:. 3181:. 2993:. 2968:. 2871:. 2599:. 2573:. 2547:. 2522:. 2503:. 2477:. 2452:. 2430:. 2403:. 2309:. 2244:. 2193:. 2061:. 2036:. 2014:. 1924:: 1908:: 1877:: 1861:: 1833:: 1820:: 1792:: 1779:: 1751:: 1738:: 1705:: 1669:: 1641:: 1625:: 1597:: 1584:: 1556:: 1540:: 1512:: 1499:: 1457:: 1399:: 1359:: 1312:: 1283:: 1250:: 957:. 681:. 560:.

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