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Sweden and Norway, once even paradropping a hospital complete with a doctor and nurse. Between
November 1944 and April 1945, Balchen also transported 200 tons of Arctic equipment and operational supplies from England to Sweden that were used to make secret overland transport from Sweden to Norway possible. During winter 1945, Balchen shipped communications equipment into northern Norway that was of inestimable value to the Allied Expeditionary Force's intelligence operations. The leading Norwegian wartime ace Sven Heglund was acting military attaché and served with Balchen, later writing about his time at Kallax. Another Norwegian at Kallax during the same period, who became a good friend, was marine biologist and explorer-to-be
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773:. Working for Canadair in 1966, then the parent company, General Dynamics, from 1966 to 1971, Balchen had authority over projects as diverse as ice-breakers, tankers, new epoxy materials for submarine construction, seagoing electronic weather systems and over-snow vehicles. In 1962, he also worked with the USAF presenting a proposal on the Apogee Intercept Defense System (AIDS) in 1962 and later, was the leading advocate for "Project Iceman", a proposed system of intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) stationed in Greenland.
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377:, Amundsen asked Balchen to help in preparing the airplane for a flight to the North Pole. Under Balchen's supervision, the damaged aircraft skis were repaired with improvised wooden supports from a lifeboat's oars and some survival gear was loaned to Byrd for the flight. This enabled Byrd and his pilot,
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before returning to
Honolulu. Balchen was the only passenger allowed into the cockpit when the four pilots, who were all qualified Boeing 707 captains, performed four 360-degree loops over the South Geographic Pole. As well as being the first such flight, this would remain the fastest until succeeded
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that followed the end of major hostilities. During a cavalry charge, his horse was shot from under him and he was left for dead on the battlefield. Having received serious wounds that required a lengthy convalescence, Balchen turned to an early interest in athletics and trained strenuously as a boxer
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to
Balchen who was assumed to be planning an Antarctic flight. Balchen flew the Vega to the Fokker Aircraft Company plant at Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey. There, he and the mechanics Frank Nagle and Eddie Gorski reconditioned the Vega for the upcoming record flight. Its fuselage was strengthened to
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From
November 1948 to January 1951, Balchen commanded the 10th Rescue Squadron of the U.S. Air Force, which was located in southern Alaska but which operated across all of Alaska and northern Canada rescuing crashed airmen. Balchen led this squadron in the development of the techniques that became
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Due to Acosta's reported lack of ability to successfully fly via aircraft instruments, and the foul weather for most of this flight, Balchen did most of the flying. Bad weather and low visibility over France made landing at the Paris airport impractical, despite their repeated attempts. When their
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After retiring from the U.S. Air Force in 1956, Colonel
Balchen continued to serve the Air Force on special assignments and aviation and energy industries as a consultant. He joined General Precision Laboratories as a consultant in 1959, as well as working with a host of other companies including
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With his status of holding dual
Norwegian and American citizenship and his extensive contacts in the aviation industry, his instruction from the Norwegian Government-in-exile in London changed to a new directive: to set up a training camp and school for expatriate Norwegian airmen and soldiers in
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on the eastern coast of that island. This destruction hindered the ability of the German armed forces to maintain a presence on
Greenland that not only had been used to send deceptive radio messages to Allied aircraft as well as establishing a weather station required to provide accurate weather
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The air operation also shipped strategic freight; from July to
October 1944, 64 tons of operational supplies such as ammunition were transported from Scotland to the underground in occupied Norway. Life necessities like bales of hay and fodder for livestock were brought to areas in the north of
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In the mid-1930s, Balchen returned to Norway to work with the
Norwegian Airlines. Later, he was part of a team to create a Nordic Postal Union, and as war seemed inevitable in Europe, Balchen helped negotiate an aviation treaty with the United States. Balchen also worked with the airplane, The
470:
to provide relief to the downed pilots. Bennett had developed pneumonia following a previous crash. Bennett succumbed to his fever while in flight on 25 April. Balchen flew the remaining eight hours, and he was paid $ 10,000 for the effort. Balchen donated the money to
Bennett's widow.
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Quote: "Please tell Bernt Balchen how deeply I appreciate all that he did to make this flight possible. Of course he is about the finest flyer and technical expert in the world but beyond that it was his confidence in my ability which helped so much." Amelia Earhart, 22 May
528:
carry extra fuel tanks that were added to provide a 420-gallon capacity, and some additional flight instruments were also installed. After modifications had been made, Earhart flew this Lockheed Vega across the Atlantic Ocean on 20 May 1932, landing in Ireland.
349:. Although he was a highly regarded mechanic, Balchen's main role was to provide survival training to the Italian crew members as well as to teach them to ski. In a last-minute decision by Amundsen, he was not chosen to be on the record-breaking
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Between September 1941 and November 1943, Balchen trained his personnel in cold weather survival skills and rescue techniques which enabled them to carry out many rescues of downed airmen on the Greenland icecap. On 25 May 1943, flying in a
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aircraft was running low on aviation gasoline, Balchen decided to fly back to the western coast of France, and there he landed the Fokker Trimotor —-which was not designed for a water landing —- on the ocean with no injury to the occupants.
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and helped to set up an escape route between the United Kingdom and Sweden that enabled numerous important diplomats and others to flee the Nazis. From March to December 1944, Balchen's "Operation Balder" using six B-24s manned with
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During 1940, with the "Little Norway" facilities under construction and his administrative duties taken over by others, Balchen requested permission from the Norwegian Air Force to fly ferrying missions for the British, teaming with
743:
Balchen was primarily responsible for the pioneering and development of the strategic air base at Thule, Greenland, built secretly on his recommendation, in 1951 under severe weather conditions which, by extending the range of the
600:. These highly secretive bases would serve to ferry fighter aircraft across the Atlantic by air, rather than having to disassemble them and send them overseas by cargo ship. The airfields also served as bases from which long-range
801:
by Pan Am Flight 50, a Boeing 747SP with U.S. registration N533PA, on October 28–30, 1977. (October 28, 1977 was the 50th anniversary of Pan Am's first (airmail) flight, from Key West, Florida to Havana, Cuba: about 90 miles.)
617:
that were menacing American, British, and Canadian ships taking war supplies and troops across the ocean in preparation for the then undecided location of the cross-channel invasion of Europe. This latter air base had the
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Gaining recognition as an accomplished pilot, the Norwegian Defense Department selected Balchen in 1925 to become part of the Amundsen-Ellsworth Relief Expedition, a rescue mission for the missing explorer
827:(D.N.L.) ("The Norwegian Airline Company"), with which he pioneered commercial Europe–US airline flights across the North Pole. D.N.L. later merged with Danish and Swedish airlines into the major carrier
283:. Besides being a championship boxer, he was also an expert marksman and an accomplished skier. Balchen was very knowledgeable about wilderness and northern survival, skills that he would later exploit.
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As one of the world's foremost Arctic experts, Balchen was sought out by numerous companies and government agencies including Canada and Norway. Balchen was hired as a consultant by Hercules Oil, then
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jet with U.S. registration N322F, which had been modified with additional fuel tanks installed in the front passenger cabin. The route taken, between 14 and 17 November 1965, was from
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on a tour to more than 50 American cities, thereby promoting commercial aviation as a safe, reliable and practical means of transportation. Following this tour Balchen was hired by
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577:, a contemporary record-breaking pilot of the era. In early 1941, while engaged in a ferrying mission, and on a layover in the Philippines, a representative of General
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While waiting for his acceptance as an Olympian, Balchen received word that he also qualified for flight training, resulting in his decision to become a pilot in the
776:
Colonel Balchen was among 27 passengers on board the first circumnavigation of the Earth over both poles. The aircraft was a brand-new, chartered Flying Tiger Line
728:
bush aircraft, one that became an important search and rescue aircraft for the Arctic. On 23 May 1949, while commanding the 10th Rescue Squadron, Balchen flew a
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569:". During the war, over 2,500 Norwegian aviators of all categories: pilots, navigators and mechanics, were trained in the various bases of "Little Norway".
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511:, the plane's navigator and leader of his First Antarctic Expedition. The flight was considered one of the greatest aviation achievements in history.
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204:, navigator, aircraft mechanical engineer and military leader. A Norwegian native, he later became an American citizen and was a recipient of the
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During the next year, Balchen became part of a ground party led by Lieutenant J. Höver, providing technical services for the Roald Amundsen,
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255:, Norway. After having finished Norwegian middle school in 1916, he attended a Forestry School from 1917 to 1918. Next he enrolled in the
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Canada. Balchen negotiated directly with Canadian government officials to obtain an agreement to use available airport facilities at the
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as a technical adviser for a planned solo transatlantic flight. In an attempt to throw off the press, Earhart turned over her repaired
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widely used in cold weather search and rescues. He was also directly responsible for persuading the U.S. Air Force to purchase the
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Bernt Balchen: Colonel, United States Air Force, Retired: A Special Report on the Unique Career of a Great American Patriot
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following the first east to west non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe. Balchen and Floyd Bennett flew a
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in his memory in 1976 to recognize airports excelling in snow and ice control. In 1973, Balchen was inducted in the
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in aviation. The annual "International Aviation Snow Symposium", sponsored by the Northeast (U.S.) Chapter of the
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In 1926, under the sponsorship of Joseph Wanamaker, Balchen officially joined the Byrd party, as the co-pilot and
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archipelago. This assignment would make Amundsen, already a family friend, a lifelong friend and confidant.
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and Moran Towing on plans to extract oil from Alaska using pipelines. According to a 1972 article in
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Balchen continued to work in consultancy until his death. In his final year, he was diagnosed with
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Due to his reputation as a polar, transatlantic and aviation expert, Balchen was hired in 1931 by
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Air Base in northern Sweden. Balchen commanded a clandestine air transport operation, using 10
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Balchen-related link list, from the website of the Metropolitan News Company, California, USA
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Balchen then was posted to the European Theatre to run "Operation Where and When", based at
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flight as Nobile was in charge of picking the crew, which already had a complement of 23.
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is melting the polar ice cap and may produce an ice-free Arctic Ocean by the year 2000."
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The Next Fifty Years of Flight: As Visualized by Bernt Balchen and told to Erik Bergaust
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263:. In 1918, before seeing action, Balchen was recalled to Norway. He transferred to the
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1882:(Explorer books edition). Ann Arbor, Michigan: Xerox University Microfilms, 1954.
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to continue with their attempt to fly to the North Pole and back on 9 May 1926.
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1900:"Balchen will Retire. First Pilot to Fly Over South Pole to Leave Air Force."
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in Antarctica also named in his honor. In 1976, Balchen was inducted into the
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Poles Apart: The Admiral Richard E. Byrd and Colonel Bernt Balchen Odyssey
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In his native Norway, Balchen was a driving force in the establishment of
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1975:
Little Norway in Pictures: With Supplement, Norway – Yesterday and Today
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235:. After the war, Balchen continued to be an influential leader with the
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1345:. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. pp. 270–276.
908:. Balchen was also a recipient of the following military decorations:
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and the navigator and air flight organizer, Commander Byrd, flew a
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The son of a country doctor, Balchen was born at the farm Myren in
1545:
Polar Imperative: A History of Arctic Sovereignty in North America
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crews, safely evacuated at least 2,000 Norwegians, 900 American
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reports for the German forces operating in the North Atlantic.
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On 29 June 1927, Balchen, as the co-pilot with the chief pilot
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Under an assumed name, Balchen fought as a cavalryman with the
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1415:"The history of a Norwegian Sikorsky S.43 | European Airlines"
331:
Arctic Expedition, ultimately a successful attempt to fly the
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to oversee the establishment of the USAAF polar airfields at
479:
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78:
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Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
369:, belonging to one of his competitors, Lieutenant Commander
197:(23 October 1899 – 17 October 1973) was a Norwegian pioneer
495:, Balchen became one of the first four men to fly over the
1964:. Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK: Hollycrest Enterprises, 1972.
814:, Balchen asserted that "a general warming trend over the
312:. The expedition consisting of two seaplanes, was sent to
2000:
Target: Arctic, Men in the Skies at the Top of the World.
866:. He is buried in Section 2, Grave 4969, next to Admiral
499:. Balchen was the chief pilot, and he was accompanied by
1836:
These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame
5242:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
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1548:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp. 311–312.
1375:"Letter to G.P. Putnam to be directed to Bernt Balchen"
911:
298:
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and 150 internees of other nationalities from Sweden.
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In late April 1928 the three-man crew of the aircraft
356:
1986:
The Immortal Beaver: The World's Greatest Bush Plane.
581:
sought out Balchen. Arnold asked Balchen to join the
5297:
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
1145:
487:On 28–29 November 1929, as the pilot of a modified
259:, and his unit was assigned to the Verdun front in
1587:Austin, Fred L.; Shoemaker, Brian (29 July 2005).
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27:United States Army Air Forces officer (1899–1973)
5183:
1589:"Interview of Fred L. Austin by Brian Shoemaker"
1438:
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1871:Balchen, Bernt, Corey Ford and Oliver LaFarge.
1595:. Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program.
1586:
1472:
1027:European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
900:in Alaska was named after him, and there is a
30:"Balchen" redirects here. For other uses, see
2076:
2052:"Longines Chronoscope with Bernt Balkin (SIC)
1949:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 1999.
1932:East to the Dawn: The Life of Amelia Earhart.
1616:"How Pan Am Flight 50 flew from pole to pole"
1463:
1433:
684:were also airlifted from Sweden to Finnmark.
5312:Deaths from bone cancer in the United States
1969:Hitch Your Wagon: The Story of Bernt Balchen
1889:. Oakland, Oregon: Elderberry Press, 2004.
604:patrol aircraft could fly far out over the
507:, the flight's photographer; and Commander
388:, with the pilot Floyd Bennett, flying the
2083:
2069:
1971:. New York: Bell Publishing Company, 1950.
1750:American Association of Airport Executives
1709:"Polar Explorer Given Burial at Arlington"
1445:
906:International Air & Space Hall of Fame
884:American Association of Airport Executives
49:
1988:Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1999.
1715:. Phoenix, AZ. 24 October 1973. p. 3
1689:8 June 1972. Retrieved: 31 December 2010.
1613:
5282:Norwegian emigrants to the United States
5207:Marie Byrd Land explorers and scientists
5141:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
1873:War Below Zero: The Battle for Greenland
1815:United States Department of the Interior
838:
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627:
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407:
5302:American Polar Society honorary members
4716:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1967:Knight, Clayton and Robert C. Durham.
1875:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1944.
1394:
1392:
1134:New York City Medal of Valor - 2 awards
308:under the command of Flight Lieutenant
14:
5317:Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
5292:United States Army Air Forces officers
5272:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
5184:
1070:(Norway's highest civilian decoration)
873:
636:on the ice in Greenland after a rescue
116:, navigator, engineer, military leader
5287:Soldiers of the French Foreign Legion
3860:
2102:
2090:
2064:
1541:
1342:Explorer: The Life of Richard E. Byrd
1258:
1256:
1068:The Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav
705:
483:A Ford Trimotor once flown by Balchen
158:
144:
130:
5277:Military personnel from Kristiansand
2005:Wiig, Erling. "Message of Liberty."
1981:). Toronto: S. J. R. Saunders, 1944.
1866:Come North with Me: An Autobiography
1793:
1389:
1338:
912:United States decorations and medals
843:Memorial plaque to Bernt Balchen in
474:
299:Amundsen-Ellsworth Relief Expedition
5262:Congressional Gold Medal recipients
4502:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
2699:Norse colonization of North America
1934:Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
1806:Geographic Names Information System
858:in 1973. Balchen was buried at the
834:
503:, his co-pilot and radio operator;
357:Support of Byrd's North Pole flight
24:
5237:Recipients of the St. Olav's Medal
4031:United States Exploring Expedition
2002:Philadelphia: Chilton Books, 1965.
1878:Balchen, Bernt and Erik Bergaust.
1253:
751:
565:airport on Lake Ontario known as "
223:exploration expertise to help the
25:
5328:
5257:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
5105:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
4473:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
2014:
1518:" 'Høk over høk'." (in Norwegian)
1066: Commander 1st Class
514:
433:, across the Atlantic Ocean from
361:After observing the crash of the
5267:United States Air Force officers
4999:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
4392:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
2054:is available for viewing at the
2020:
1838:. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006.
1730:
1148:
1115:
1103:
1085:
1080:King Christian X's Liberty Medal
1073:
1061:
1043:
1032:
1020:
1009:
997:
986:
974:
962:
950:
939:
928:
917:
726:de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver
448:
288:Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service
1853:
1828:
1811:United States Geological Survey
1768:
1738:
1701:
1692:
1667:
1658:
1633:
1614:Patterson, Thom (6 July 2018).
1607:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1535:
1526:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1407:
1368:
1359:
1332:
1323:
1196:
1128:
1056:International orders and medals
993:Byrd Antarctic Expedition Medal
548:
2038:National Aviation Hall of Fame
1916:, New York: Doubleday, 2013,
1404:. Retrieved: 9 September 2010.
1402:National Aviation Hall of Fame
1314:
1305:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1244:
1226:
1217:
1050:National Defense Service Medal
1004:American Defense Service Medal
894:National Aviation Hall of Fame
242:
13:
1:
4378:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
4313:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
3861:
1834:Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor.
1685:The Christian Science Monitor
1674:"Ice-free Arctic Ocean near?"
1241:. Retrieved: 28 January 2013.
1184:
1164:Adventurers' Club of New York
811:The Christian Science Monitor
625:during its operational life.
56:
5232:Norwegian military personnel
4735:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
4551:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
4357:French Antarctic Expeditions
4287:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
4173:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
2291:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
1947:Bernt Balchen: Polar Aviator
1523:Retrieved: 9 September 2010.
1275:Retrieved: 8 September 2010.
1210:
878:Balchen was a winner of the
7:
5307:Recipients of the Air Medal
3820:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
3499:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
2364:Andrée's balloon expedition
1141:
971:with five oak leaf clusters
924:Distinguished Service Medal
860:Arlington National Cemetery
643:Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress
634:Consolidated OA-10 Catalina
602:Consolidated B-24 Liberator
293:
279:to represent Norway in the
10:
5333:
5217:Norwegian Air Lines people
3021:Franklin's lost expedition
2721:Christian IV's expeditions
2103:
2009:, No. 338, September 2009.
1914:One Summer: America, 1927
1593:Polar Oral History Program
1385:e-archives.lib.purdue.edu.
1329:Simmons 1965, pp. 107–108.
1039:World War II Victory Medal
983:with two oak leaf clusters
946:Distinguished Flying Cross
824:Det Norske Luftfartselskap
784:, over the North Pole, to
427:aircraft, Fokker trimotor
206:Distinguished Flying Cross
29:
5227:Norwegian polar explorers
4838:
4569:
4156:
3896:
3873:
3869:
3856:
3375:Great Northern Expedition
3269:
3051:Rae–Richardson expedition
2800:
2645:
2251:British Arctic Expedition
2143:
2115:
2111:
2098:
1868:. New York: Dutton, 1958.
1776:"Enshrinee Brent Balchen"
1641:"Round the World Flights"
1577:Glines 1999, pp. 268–270.
1532:Rossiter 1999, pp. 86–87.
1460:Glines 1999, pp. 128–129.
1223:Glines 1999, pp. 268–273.
1029:with three campaign stars
531:
180:
172:
120:
109:
90:
64:
48:
41:
4659:British Antarctic Survey
4653:Captain Arturo Prat Base
3898:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
1189:
1137:City of Paris Gold Medal
736:, via the North Pole to
608:in search of the German
553:In 1939, Balchen was in
544:Image of Balchen's plane
396:as a test pilot for the
32:Balchen (disambiguation)
5212:Explorers of the Arctic
5202:Explorers of Antarctica
5135:Pole of inaccessibility
4798:Antarctic Treaty System
3139:2nd Grinnell expedition
1960:Isakson, Evelyn Moore.
1542:Grant, Shelagh (2010).
1419:www.europeanairlines.no
1339:Rose, Lisle A. (2008).
1016:American Campaign Medal
981:Army Commendation Medal
682:Norwegian police troops
649:, a forward station at
416:; the flight engineer,
398:Fokker Aircraft Company
1481:Balchen 1944, pp. 4–5.
1268:1 January 2011 at the
847:
730:Douglas C-54 Skymaster
720:
637:
545:
484:
464:Greenly Island, Canada
5252:Harmon Trophy winners
4805:Transglobe Expedition
4704:Operation Deep Freeze
4113:Challenger expedition
2979:Coppermine expedition
2500:Drifting ice stations
1748:. Northeast Chapter,
1238:Store Norske Leksikon
959:with oak leaf cluster
856:Mount Kisco, New York
842:
829:Scandinavian Airlines
771:Electric Boat Company
746:Strategic Air Command
718:
631:
543:
482:
408:Trans-Atlantic Flight
257:French Foreign Legion
102:Mount Kisco, New York
2029:at Wikimedia Commons
1780:nationalaviation.org
1746:"Balchen/Post Award"
1698:Glines 1999, p. 275.
1664:Glines 1999, p. 271.
1568:Glines 1999, p. 212.
1499:Balchen 1944, p. 21.
1469:Glines 1999, p. 129.
1442:Glines 1999, p. 127.
1380:20 July 2011 at the
1365:Butler 1997, p. 263.
1320:Simmons 1965, p. 87.
1302:Simmons 1965, p. 56.
1293:Simmons 1965, p. 31.
1284:Simmons 1965, p. 27.
1263:"Bernt Balchen Bio."
606:North Atlantic Ocean
213:U.S. Army Air Forces
4975:South magnetic pole
3641:Brusilov expedition
2750:Danish colonization
2188:North magnetic pole
1945:Glines, Carroll V.
1756:on 18 November 2016
1679:29 May 2013 at the
1508:Balchen 1944, p. 4.
1490:Glines 1999, p. 163
1250:Glines 1999, p. 21.
1122:War Medal 1939–1945
889:Bernt Balchen Award
874:Honors and tributes
418:George Otto Noville
211:His service in the
148: Engelbrethsen
5222:Norwegian aviators
4666:Operation Windmill
4647:Operation Highjump
3622:Rusanov expedition
3527:A. E. Nordenskiöld
3271:North East Passage
3075:McClure expedition
1979:R.N.A.F. in Canada
1906:, 20 October 1956.
1903:The New York Times
1311:Glines 199, p. 19.
1273:snowsymposium.org.
1169:Aviation in Norway
848:
806:Phillips Petroleum
721:
706:Postwar activities
638:
623:"Bluie West Eight"
583:US Army Air Forces
579:Henry "Hap" Arnold
546:
489:Ford 4-AT Trimotor
485:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5170:
4633:Operation Tabarin
4495:Far Eastern Party
4341:Nimrod Expedition
3852:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3411:M. Pronchishcheva
3333:Siberian Cossacks
2802:Northwest Passage
2135:Research stations
2092:Polar exploration
2046:video documentary
2025:Media related to
1998:Simmons, George.
1922:978-0-7679-1940-1
1844:978-1-57864-397-4
1555:978-1-55365-618-0
1451:Wiig 2009, p. 57.
1232:Henriksen, Vera.
854:, and he died at
734:Fairbanks, Alaska
716:
595:Sondre Stromfjord
475:South Pole flight
402:Teterboro Airport
345:from Svalbard to
325:Lincoln Ellsworth
276:Finnish Civil War
192:
191:
176:Bernt Jr, Lauritz
16:(Redirected from
5324:
4680:Ronne Expedition
4165:
4159:
4023:Dumont d'Urville
3871:
3870:
3858:
3857:
3406:V. Pronchishchev
2113:
2112:
2100:
2099:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2056:Internet Archive
2044:Alone on the Ice
2024:
1984:Rossiter, Sean.
1977:(Also on cover:
1860:Balchen, Bernt (
1847:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1752:. Archived from
1742:
1736:
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1728:
1722:
1720:
1713:Arizona Republic
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1399:"Bernt Balchen".
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1242:
1234:"Bernt Balchen."
1230:
1224:
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1204:
1200:
1158:
1156:Biography portal
1153:
1152:
1151:
1124:(United Kingdom)
1119:
1112:(United Kingdom)
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990:
978:
966:
954:
943:
932:
921:
835:Death and burial
763:General Dynamics
717:
462:was stranded on
422:U.S. Post Office
333:lighter-than-air
219:made use of his
184:Lauritz, Dagny (
163:
149:
135:
97:
74:
72:
58:
53:
39:
38:
21:
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5321:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5167:
4842:
4834:
4710:McMurdo Station
4579:Modern research
4577:
4565:
4300:O. Nordenskjöld
4163:
4157:
4152:
4068:Ross expedition
3892:
3865:
3844:
3273:
3265:
2806:Northern Canada
2804:
2796:
2649:
2641:
2147:
2139:
2107:
2094:
2089:
2017:
2012:
1885:Balchen, Bess.
1856:
1851:
1850:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1801:"Mount Balchen"
1799:
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1681:Wayback Machine
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1645:www.wingnet.org
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1187:
1179:Marie Byrd Land
1174:Balchen Glacier
1154:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1131:
1058:
957:Soldier's Medal
935:Legion of Merit
914:
876:
868:Richard E. Byrd
837:
778:Boeing 707-349C
759:Hughes Aircraft
754:
752:Post-retirement
710:
708:
551:
534:
517:
509:Richard E. Byrd
505:Ashley McKinley
477:
454:
435:Roosevelt Field
410:
371:Richard E. Byrd
363:Fokker trimotor
359:
301:
296:
251:, just outside
245:
233:Northern Europe
168:
105:
99:
95:
94:17 October 1973
86:
76:
75:23 October 1899
70:
68:
60:
55:Bernt Balchen,
44:
35:
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23:
22:
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12:
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5127:Vostok Station
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5078:Cherry-Garrard
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4840:Farthest South
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2145:Farthest North
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2015:External links
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3062:J. Richardson
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2551:Georgiy Sedov
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2438:Riiser-Larsen
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2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:Bernt Balchen
2023:
2019:
2018:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1994:1-55054-724-0
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1955:1-56098-906-8
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1940:0-306-80887-0
1937:
1933:
1929:
1928:Butler, Susan
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1895:1-932762-09-4
1892:
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1884:
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1877:
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1354:
1352:9780826266439
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1123:
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1106:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1092:Victory Medal
1088:
1084:
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1076:
1072:
1069:
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1060:
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916:
915:
909:
907:
903:
902:Mount Balchen
899:
898:Mount Balchen
895:
891:
890:
885:
881:
880:Harmon Trophy
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
846:
841:
832:
830:
826:
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819:
817:
813:
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795:
791:
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783:
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774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
749:
747:
741:
740:, Greenland.
739:
735:
731:
727:
703:
701:
700:
695:
691:
685:
683:
679:
675:
670:
669:Douglas C-47s
666:
665:
661:
655:
652:
651:Sabine Island
648:
644:
635:
630:
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624:
621:
616:
613:
612:
607:
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592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
570:
568:
567:Little Norway
564:
558:
556:
542:
538:
529:
526:
525:Lockheed Vega
522:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:Floyd Bennett
490:
481:
472:
469:
468:Ford Trimotor
465:
461:
460:
451:
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436:
432:
431:
426:
423:
419:
415:
405:
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399:
395:
391:
387:
382:
380:
379:Floyd Bennett
376:
372:
368:
364:
354:
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344:
340:
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321:
319:
315:
311:
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291:
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282:
281:1920 Olympics
277:
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196:
195:Bernt Balchen
187:
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165:
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140:
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133:
126:
125:
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119:
115:
112:
110:Occupation(s)
108:
103:
93:
89:
84:
80:
67:
63:
52:
47:
43:Bernt Balchen
40:
37:
33:
19:
5133:
5121:Pole of Cold
5119:
5089:
5045:
5036:
5004:
4997:
4973:
4944:
4930:
4924:Borchgrevink
4916:
4903:
4888:
4868:
4853:
4822:
4803:
4796:
4780:
4766:
4757:
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4702:
4678:
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4603:
4596:
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4535:
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4508:
4500:
4493:
4480:
4471:
4433:
4425:
4416:
4409:
4397:
4390:
4376:
4364:Pourquoi-Pas
4363:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4334:Orcadas Base
4332:
4324:
4311:
4305:C. A. Larsen
4293:
4285:
4271:
4264:
4251:
4243:
4237:Borchgrevink
4230:
4222:
4179:
4171:
4146:C. A. Larsen
4139:
4120:
4111:
4093:
4075:
4066:
4053:
4038:
4029:
4016:
3977:
3963:
3956:
3937:
3922:
3832:
3825:
3808:
3801:
3787:
3772:
3758:
3745:
3720:
3706:
3704:
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3688:
3682:
3680:
3646:
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3586:
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3540:
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3518:
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3373:
3331:
3314:
3282:
3246:
3244:
3224:
3223:
3203:
3202:
3188:
3175:
3160:
3146:
3137:
3124:
3095:
3083:Investigator
3082:
3073:
3049:
3036:
3028:
3019:
3006:
2977:
2954:
2939:
2924:
2894:
2879:
2849:
2768:
2748:
2719:
2715:Erik the Red
2697:
2675:
2668:
2625:submersibles
2622:
2616:Arktika 2007
2614:
2607:
2600:
2597:
2581:
2572:
2569:
2550:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2505:
2498:
2474:
2460:
2459:
2451:
2449:
2415:
2413:
2384:
2381:
2370:S. A. Andrée
2362:
2349:
2324:
2316:
2313:
2289:
2271:
2258:
2249:
2231:
2222:
2220:
2186:
2050:A film clip
2043:
2006:
1999:
1985:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1961:
1946:
1931:
1913:
1901:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1862:ghostwritten
1854:Bibliography
1835:
1830:
1818:. Retrieved
1804:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:the original
1740:
1723:– via
1717:. Retrieved
1712:
1703:
1694:
1683:
1669:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:
1609:
1592:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1544:
1537:
1528:
1520:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1423:. Retrieved
1418:
1409:
1401:
1384:
1370:
1361:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1272:
1246:
1236:
1228:
1219:
1198:
1129:Civil awards
1120:
1108:
1098:Verdun Medal
1090:
1048:
1037:
1025:
1014:
1002:
991:
979:
967:
955:
944:
933:
922:
888:
887:
877:
849:
845:Kristiansand
822:
820:
809:
803:
798:Christchurch
794:Buenos Aires
775:
755:
742:
722:
697:
693:
686:
658:
656:
639:
611:Kriegsmarine
609:
571:
559:
552:
549:World War II
535:
518:
492:
486:
458:
455:
449:
443:
429:
411:
389:
383:
366:
360:
336:
322:
302:
285:
272:White Guards
269:
253:Kristiansand
246:
217:World War II
210:
194:
193:
188:Dietrechson)
185:
156:
142:
134: Sorlie
128:
96:(1973-10-17)
83:Kristiansand
36:
5197:1973 deaths
5192:1899 births
4824:Lake Vostok
4774:Tryoshnikov
4696:Schlossbach
4587:Christensen
4529:James Caird
4450:E. R. Evans
4216:Dobrowolski
4186:de Gerlache
3888:Expeditions
3774:Aviaarktika
3728:Samoylovich
3599:Kolomeitsev
3493:Middendorff
3453:Gedenshtrom
2873:I. Fyodorov
2635:Chilingarov
2523:E. Fyodorov
2130:Expeditions
1910:Bill Bryson
1820:28 November
1760:17 November
1650:20 February
1625:20 February
852:bone cancer
694:Ra I and II
692:, later of
537:Valkyrien.
501:Harold June
439:Long Island
414:Bert Acosta
341:, over the
314:Spitsbergen
310:Lützow-Holm
261:World War I
243:Early years
229:Scandinavia
5186:Categories
5047:Terra Nova
4952:Shackleton
4895:J. C. Ross
4854:Resolution
4844:South Pole
4619:New Swabia
4543:Mackintosh
4515:Shackleton
4434:Terra Nova
4427:Terra Nova
4161:Heroic Age
4121:Challenger
4081:J. C. Ross
3991:Bransfield
3923:Resolution
3838:icebreaker
3802:Chelyuskin
3543:expedition
3521:Expedition
3463:Matyushkin
3421:Kh. Laptev
3416:Chelyuskin
3310:Heemskerck
3300:Chancellor
3295:Willoughby
3290:Koch boats
3233:Stefansson
3167:McClintock
3131:Inglefield
2973:J. C. Ross
2880:Resolution
2732:Cunningham
2630:Sagalevich
2319:expedition
2278:Stephenson
2238:C. F. Hall
2225:expedition
2199:J. C. Ross
2162:Heemskerck
2149:North Pole
1785:20 January
1719:11 January
1620:CNN Travel
1185:References
816:North Pole
632:Balchen's
497:South Pole
343:North Pole
71:1899-10-23
5146:Tolstikov
4932:Discovery
4902:HMS
4887:HMS
4869:Adventure
4867:HMS
4852:HMS
4788:Tolstikov
4509:Endurance
4294:Antarctic
4279:Drygalski
4252:Discovery
4245:Discovery
4206:Arctowski
4119:HMS
4092:HMS
4086:Abernethy
4074:HMS
4052:USS
4039:Vincennes
4037:USS
4017:Astrolabe
3957:San Telmo
3938:Adventure
3936:HMS
3921:HMS
3916:Kerguelen
3878:Continent
3863:Antarctic
3740:Urvantsev
3698:Vilkitsky
3551:Jeannette
3549:USS
3541:Jeannette
3505:Weyprecht
3483:Pakhtusov
3433:Chichagov
3426:D. Laptev
3369:Permyakov
3344:Stadukhin
3339:Perfilyev
3316:Mangazeya
3254:H. Larsen
3219:Rasmussen
3174:HMS
3145:USS
3094:HMS
3081:HMS
3045:Collinson
3035:HMS
3027:HMS
3005:HMS
2953:HMS
2938:HMS
2923:HMS
2908:Mackenzie
2895:Discovery
2893:HMS
2878:HMS
2850:Discovery
2829:Frobisher
2792:Rasmussen
2705:Gunnbjörn
2651:Greenland
2580:USS
2571:USS
2443:Ellsworth
2385:Roosevelt
2315:Nansen's
2272:Discovery
2270:HMS
2257:HMS
2204:Abernethy
2172:Marmaduke
1601:1811/6042
1211:Citations
1082:(Denmark)
1006:with star
969:Air Medal
896:In 1974,
678:internees
647:Greenland
620:code name
598:Greenland
386:navigator
375:U.S. Navy
351:dirigible
335:airship,
290:in 1921.
181:Parent(s)
5158:A. Fuchs
5115:V. Fuchs
5095:McKinley
5058:E. Evans
5017:Bjaaland
5012:Amundsen
4962:Marshall
4875:Furneaux
4727:V. Fuchs
4691:E. Ronne
4686:F. Ronne
4625:Ritscher
4479:SY
4467:Filchner
4411:Framheim
4405:Amundsen
4211:Racoviță
4196:Amundsen
4191:Lecointe
4060:Ringgold
4054:Porpoise
3944:Furneaux
3780:Shevelev
3735:Begichev
3714:Amundsen
3676:Nagórski
3654:Brusilov
3648:Sv. Anna
3562:Melville
3532:Palander
3488:Tsivolko
3448:Sannikov
3443:Billings
3386:Chirikov
3305:Barentsz
3247:St. Roch
3238:Bartlett
3212:Amundsen
3196:Sverdrup
3096:Resolute
2985:Franklin
2913:Kotzebue
2780:Sverdrup
2763:Scoresby
2737:Lindenov
2588:Plaisted
2573:Nautilus
2518:Shirshov
2492:Belyakov
2487:Baydukov
2461:Nautilus
2423:Amundsen
2383:SS
2342:Sverdrup
2337:Johansen
2307:Brainard
2302:Lockwood
2157:Barentsz
1677:Archived
1378:Archived
1266:Archived
1142:See also
1100:(France)
1094:(France)
864:Virginia
782:Honolulu
769:and the
767:Canadair
699:Kon-Tiki
555:Helsinki
318:Svalbard
294:Aviation
173:Children
85:, Norway
5163:Messner
5110:Hillary
5090:Balchen
5038:Polheim
5032:Wisting
4910:Crozier
4882:Weddell
4860:J. Cook
4830:Kapitsa
4811:Fiennes
4753:Klenova
4722:Hillary
4672:Ketchum
4598:BANZARE
4573:·
4418:Polheim
4384:Shirase
4370:Charcot
4180:Belgica
4099:Crozier
4011:Morrell
4006:Weddell
3984:Lazarev
3929:J. Cook
3883:History
3833:Arktika
3809:Krassin
3794:Voronin
3766:Schmidt
3752:Ushakov
3691:Vaygach
3659:Albanov
3628:Rusanov
3609:Kolchak
3604:Matisen
3578:Makarov
3557:De Long
3458:Wrangel
3438:Lyakhov
3391:Malygin
3349:Dezhnev
3176:Pandora
3147:Advance
3114:Kennedy
3109:Belcher
3102:Kellett
3089:McClure
3013:Beechey
3007:Blossom
3000:Simpson
2968:Crozier
2961:Hoppner
2918:J. Ross
2886:J. Cook
2834:Gilbert
2727:J. Hall
2693:Ingólfr
2683:Naddodd
2677:Vikings
2664:Brendan
2659:Pytheas
2647:Iceland
2601:Arktika
2593:Herbert
2558:Badygin
2528:Krenkel
2513:Papanin
2482:Chkalov
2468:Wilkins
2433:Wisting
2377:F. Cook
2283:Markham
2243:Bessels
2232:Polaris
2223:Polaris
2194:J. Ross
2177:Carolus
2125:History
2007:Flypast
1425:2 April
615:U-boats
591:Qaanaaq
587:colonel
430:America
425:airmail
400:at the
373:of the
316:on the
274:in the
215:during
202:aviator
155:Audrey
121:Spouses
114:Aviator
18:Balchen
5073:Bowers
5068:Wilson
5027:Hassel
5022:Helmer
4991:Mackay
4981:Mawson
4946:Nimrod
4904:Terror
4889:Erebus
4816:Burton
4611:Rymill
4487:Mawson
4481:Aurora
4460:Lashly
4445:Wilson
4348:Nimrod
4325:Scotia
4132:Murray
4107:Cooper
4094:Terror
4076:Erebus
4045:Wilkes
3996:Palmer
3964:Vostok
3911:Bouvet
3835:-class
3815:Gakkel
3683:Taymyr
3664:Konrad
3633:Kuchin
3571:Yermak
3478:Lavrov
3396:Ovtsyn
3381:Bering
3359:Ivanov
3322:Hudson
3284:Pomors
3261:Cowper
3226:Karluk
3125:Isabel
3119:Bellot
3069:Austin
3037:Terror
3029:Erebus
2925:Griper
2901:Clerke
2861:Baffin
2844:Hudson
2775:Nansen
2688:Garðar
2609:Barneo
2476:ANT-25
2452:Italia
2428:Nobile
2397:Henson
2356:Amedeo
2332:Nansen
2297:Greely
2167:Hudson
2105:Arctic
1992:
1953:
1938:
1920:
1893:
1842:
1552:
1521:nb.no.
1349:
790:Lisbon
786:London
702:fame.
664:Kallax
593:, and
532:Norway
491:named
459:Bremen
452:rescue
450:Bremen
225:Allies
221:Arctic
141:Inger
104:, U.S.
5153:Crary
5100:Dufek
5063:Oates
5053:Scott
4986:David
4967:Adams
4938:Barne
4759:Mirny
4748:Somov
4558:Quest
4455:Crean
4440:Scott
4319:Bruce
4273:Gauss
4266:Gauss
4140:Jason
4127:Nares
4001:Davis
3978:Mirny
3951:Smith
3906:Roché
3826:Lenin
3746:Sadko
3671:Wiese
3616:Sedov
3587:Zarya
3510:Payer
3473:Litke
3468:Anjou
3401:Minin
3364:Vagin
3354:Popov
3327:Poole
3182:Young
2995:Dease
2940:Hecla
2931:Parry
2856:Bylot
2839:Davis
2814:Cabot
2787:Peary
2769:Jason
2756:Egede
2670:Papar
2582:Skate
2563:Wiese
2543:NP-37
2536:NP-36
2416:Norge
2404:Sedov
2392:Peary
2350:Jason
2265:Nares
2259:Alert
2214:Hayes
2182:Parry
2120:Ocean
1203:1932.
1190:Notes
732:from
660:Luleå
585:as a
338:Norge
249:Tveit
227:over
199:polar
79:Tveit
5085:Byrd
5006:Fram
4957:Wild
4639:Marr
4605:BGLE
4592:Byrd
4520:Wild
4399:Fram
4201:Cook
3722:AARI
3707:Maud
3594:Toll
3519:Vega
3205:Gjøa
3190:Fram
3153:Kane
2990:Back
2955:Fury
2946:Lyon
2868:Munk
2507:NP-1
2409:Byrd
2326:Fram
2317:Fram
2209:Kane
1990:ISBN
1951:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1918:ISBN
1891:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1822:2023
1787:2023
1762:2016
1721:2022
1652:2022
1627:2022
1550:ISBN
1427:2018
1347:ISBN
696:and
327:and
231:and
91:Died
65:Born
59:1950
4782:3rd
4768:2nd
4742:1st
4575:IGY
4571:IPY
3161:Fox
3057:Rae
2623:Mir
2599:NS
1864:).
1597:hdl
862:in
674:OSS
437:on
186:née
160:née
146:née
132:née
5188::
3687:/
1930:.
1912:,
1813:,
1809:.
1803:.
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