835:
491:
586:
70:
1552:
552:
636:, the limit is 18.75 m (61.5 ft) (Norway 19.5 m or 64 ft). The trucks are of a cab-over-engine design, with a flat front and a high floor, about 1.2 m (3.9 ft) above ground. The Scandinavian countries are less densely populated than the other EU countries, and distances, especially in Finland and Sweden, are long. Until the late 1960s, vehicle length was unlimited, giving rise to long vehicles to cost effectively handle goods. As traffic increased, truck lengths became more of a concern and they were limited, albeit at a more generous level than in the rest of Europe.
887:
302:
1579:
1205:
394:
663:
793:
1591:
977:
1564:
1610:
823:
1189:
993:
924:
878:
or a combination of one 40 foot container and two twenty foot containers. However, because of their length and low accessibility into narrow streets, these vehicles are restricted in where they can go and are generally used for terminal-to-terminal work, i.e. wharf to container holding park or wharf-to-wharf. The rear axle on each trailer can also pivot slightly while turning to prevent scrubbing out the edges of the tyres due to the heavy loads placed on them.
1054:
1388:
62:
941:
1029:
735:
78:
1045:(independently load carrying) truck with a standard length limit of 19 metres (20 under design permits). A quad dog trailer in combination with a bodied truck is able to carry more weight than a truck and single semi-trailer of the same length limit and access restrictions, as well as carrying two different materials as separate loads, such as with tipper bodies and fluid tankers.
224:), the AEC was grossly underpowered by today's standards, and drivers and offsiders (a partner or assistant) routinely froze in winter and sweltered in summer due to the truck's open cab design and the position of the engine radiator, with its 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) cooling fan, behind the seats.
1219:
Australian road trains have horizontal signs front and back with 180 mm (7.1 in) high black uppercase letters on a reflective yellow background reading "ROAD TRAIN". The sign(s) must have a black border and be at least 1.02 m (3.3 ft) long and 220 mm (8.7 in) high and be
931:
An AB triple consists of a standard trailer with a B-Double behind it using a converter dolly, with a trailer order of
Standard, Dolly, B-Train, Standard. The final trailer may be either a B-Train with no trailer attached to it or a standard trailer. Alternatively, a BA triple sees this configuration
865:
An advantage of the B-train configuration is its inherent stability when compared to most other twin trailer combinations, the turntable mounted on the forward trailer results in the B-train not requiring a converter dolly as with all other road train configurations. It is this feature above all else
670:
In 2010, Sweden was performing tests on log-hauling trucks, weighing up to 90 t (89 long tons; 99 short tons) and measuring 30 metres (98.4 ft) and haulers for two 40 ft containers, measuring 32 metres (105 ft) in total. In 2015, a pilot began in
Finland to test a 104-tonne timber
1044:
on the rear of the truck or trailer in front, giving the whole unit two or more articulation points and very little roll stiffness. These are commonly used in
Australia, particularly for end tipper applications like shown above. They are normally limited to a single dog trailer behind a short bodied
877:
Around container ports in
Australia exists what is known as a super B-double; a B-double with an extra axle (total of 4) on the lead trailer and either three or four axle set on the rear trailer. This allows the super B-Double to carry combinations of two 40 foot containers, four 20 foot containers,
693:
In Mexico road trains exist in a limited capacity due to the sizes of roads in its larger cities, and they are only allowed to pull 2 trailers joined with a pup or dolly created for this purpose. Recently the regulations tend to be more severe and strict to avoid overloading and accidents, to adhere
464:
Higher Mass Limits (HML) Schemes are now in all jurisdictions in
Australia, allowing trucks to carry additional weight beyond general mass limits. Some roads in some states regularly allowing up to 4 trailers at 53.5 metres (175 ft 6 in) long and 136 tonnes (134 long tons; 150 short tons).
869:
B-train trailers are used to transport many types of load and examples include tanks for liquid and dry-bulk, flat-beds and curtain-siders for deck-loads, bulkers for aggregates and wood residuals, refrigerated trailers for chilled and frozen goods, vans for dry goods, logging trailers for forestry
498:
In the United States, trucks on public roads are limited to two trailers (two 28 ft or 8.5 m and a dolly to connect; the limit is 63 ft or 19 m end to end). Some states allow three 28 ft or 8.5 m trailers, although triples are usually restricted to less populous states
1520:
On 18 February 2006, an
Australian built Mack truck with 113 semi-trailers, 1,300 t (1,279 long tons; 1,433 short tons) and 1,474.3 metres (4,836 ft 11 in) long, pulled the load 100 metres (328 feet) to recapture the record for the longest road train (multiple loaded trailers) ever
1174:
One of the main criteria of the registration is that intrastate operation is not permitted. The load has to come from one state or territory and be delivered to another. Many grain carriers were reported and prosecuted for cartage from the paddock to the silos. However, if the load went to a port
1509:
The record returned to
Kalgoorlie, on 17 October 2004, when Doug Gould assembled 117 trailers for a total length of 1,445 m (4,741 ft). The attempt nearly failed, as the first prime mover's main driveshaft broke when taking off. A second truck was quickly made available, and pulled the
1378:
which makes it impossible to drive heavy trucks faster than 90 km/h (56 mph). These limits are normally the same for road trains. There is not a wish to encourage trucks to overtake slightly slower trucks on motorways because it obstacles the left lane, although common anyway e.g. when
902:
proposed a national framework for B-triple operations that includes basic vehicle specifications and operating conditions that the commission anticipates will replace the current state-by-state approach, which largely discourages the use of B-triples for interstate operation. In South
Australia,
361:
In South
Australia, B-triples up to 35.0 metres (114 ft 10 in) and two-trailer road trains to 36.5 metres (119 ft 9 in) were only permitted to travel on a small number of approved routes in the north and west of the state, including access to Adelaide's north-western suburban
1082:
Due to the "eastern" and "western" mass limits in
Australia, two different categories of registration were enacted. The second digit of the registration plate showed what mass limit was allowed for that vehicle. If a vehicle had a 'V' as the second letter, its mass limits were in line with the
861:
is located at the rear of the lead (first) trailer and is mounted on a "tail" section commonly located immediately above the lead trailer axles. In North America this area of the lead trailer is often referred to as the "bridge". The twin-trailer assembly is hooked up to a tractor unit via the
547:
toll roads. Colorado allows what are known as "Rocky Mountain Doubles" which is one full length 53 ft or 16 m trailer and an additional 28 ft or 8.5 m trailer. The term "road train" is not commonly used in the United States; "turnpike train" has been used, generally in a
1076:
Registration requires the first letter of the six-digit to identify the home state or territory: A, Australian Capital Territory; N, New South Wales; C, Northern Territory Q, Queensland; S, South Australia; T, Tasmania; V, Victoria; and W, Western
800:
An A-double consists of a prime mover towing a normal lead trailer with a ball hitch (or some other type of coupling) affixed to it at the rear. A fifth wheel dolly is then affixed to the hitch allowing another standard trailer to be attached. Eleven-axle coal tipping sets carrying to
460:
When the flat-top trailers of a road train need to be transported empty, it is common practice to stack them. This is commonly referred to as "doubled-up" or "doubling-up". Sometimes, if many trailers are required to be moved at one time, they will be triple-stacked, or "tripled-up".
809:
are described as A-doubles. The set depicted has a tare weight of 35.5 t (39.1 short tons) and is capable of carrying 50 t (55.1 short tons) of coal. Note the shield at the front of the second trailer to direct tipped coal from the first trailer downwards.
1366:
The Australian national heavy vehicle speed limit is 100 km/h (62 mph), excepting New South Wales and Queensland where the speed limit for any road train is 90 km/h (56 mph). B triple road trains have a speed limit of 100 km/h (62 mph) in Qld.
681:
Since 2016, Eoin Gavin Transport, Shannon and Dennison Trailers, Kildare have been trialling 25.25 metres (82.8 ft) B-doubles on the Irish motorways. In Feb 2024, The Pallet Network announced four B-doubles to operate between Dublin, Cork and Galway.
898:. The B-train principle has been exploited in Australia, where configurations such as B triples, double-B doubles and 2AB quads are permitted on some routes. These are run in most states of Australia where double road trains are allowed. Australia's
261:
in the earlier part of the 20th century. Freighter Trailers in Australia viewed this improved invention and went on to build self-tracking trailers for Kurt and other customers, and went on to become innovators in transport machinery for Australia.
1370:
In Canada, there has been no difference between the speed limits between cars and road trains, which range from 80 to 100 km/h (50 to 62 mph) on two-lane roads and between 100 and 110 km/h (62 and 68 mph) on three-lane roads.
1065:, Australian heads of government signed an inter-governmental agreement to establish a national heavy vehicle registration, regulation and charging scheme: the Federal Interstate Registration Scheme (FIRS). Its requirements are as follows:
621:, trucks with trailers are allowed to be 25.25 m (82.8 ft) long. In Finland, a length of 34.5 metres (113 ft) has been allowed since January 2019. In Sweden, this length is allowed on several major roads, including all of
873:
In Australia, standard semi-trailers are permitted on almost any road. B-doubles are more heavily regulated, but routes are made available by state governments for almost anywhere that significant road freight movement is required.
714:
Some major cargo enterprises in the country use this form to cut costs of carrying all type of goods in some regions where another form of transportation are so expensive to improve it due to the difficult geography of the country.
903:
B-triples up to 35.0 metres (114 ft 10 in) and two-trailer road trains to 36.5 metres (119 ft 9 in) are generally only permitted on specified routes, including access to industrial and export areas near
813:
Pros include the ability to use standard semi-trailers and the potential for very large loads. Cons mainly include very tricky reversing due to the multiple articulation points across two different types of coupling.
2480:"NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-012-SCT-2-2014, Sobre el peso y dimensiones máximas con los que pueden circular los vehĂculos de autotransporte que transitan en las vĂas generales de comunicaciĂłn de jurisdicciĂłn federal"
2235:
around 25 per cent of the 40MWh consumed so far by a Janus-converted forestry truck – while covering 18,500km with loads of up to 68.5 tonnes of timber on a 24-hour duty cycle – had been harvested from regenerative
257:, nicknamed "Bertha", and two home-built self-tracking trailers. Both wheel sets on each trailer could steer, and therefore could negotiate the tight and narrow tracks and creek crossings that existed throughout
1402:
Below is a list of longest road trains driven in the world. Most of these had no practical use, as they were put together and driven across relatively short distances for the express purpose of record-breaking.
2361:
1223:
In the case of B-triples in Western Australia, they are signed front and rear with "ROAD TRAIN" until they cross the WA/SA border where they are then signed with "LONG VEHICLE" in the front and rear.
1226:
Converter dollies must have a sign affixed horizontally to the rearmost point, complying to the same conditions, reading "LONG VEHICLE". This is required for when a dolly is towed behind a trailer.
472:
Diesel sales in Australia (per year) are around 32 billion litres, of which some is used by road trains. In order to reduce emissions and running cost, trials are made with road trains powered by
332:
of a road train hauls two or more trailers or semi-trailers. Australia has the longest and heaviest road-legal road trains in the world, weighing up to 200 tonnes (197 long tons; 220 short tons).
216:
trains that had been trekking through the deserts since the late 19th century. This truck pulled two or three 6 m (19 ft 8 in) Dyson four-axle self-tracking trailers. At 130
1539:
On 12 April 2016 in Gothenburg, Sweden, a Volvo FH16 750 pulled 20 trailers with double-stacked containers with a total length of 300 meters (984 ft) and with a total weight of 750 tonnes.
857:, interlink in South Africa, B-double in Australia, tandem tractor-trailer, tandem rig or double in North America. They may typically be up to 27.5 m (90 ft 3 in) long. The
446:, and general freight. Their cost-effective transport has played a significant part in the economic development of remote areas; some communities are totally reliant on regular service.
1472:, when Marleys Transport made a successful attempt on the record for the world's longest road train. The record was created when 45 trailers, driven by Greg Marley, weighing 603
718:
The Mexican road train equivalent form in Australian Standard is the A-Double form, the difference is that the Mexican road trains can be hauled with a long distance tractor truck.
984:
AAB quad consists of A-double and B-double units linked with a converter dolly. Alternatively, a BAA quad sees this configuration reversed, first the B-double, then the A-double.
3109:
2194:
2420:
2156:
heavy-duty, high-capacity haulage trailer equipped with a diesel engine, cooling system, transmission and drive axle system, all controlled from the Powertrans prime mover
1352:
Concessional weight limits, which increase allowable weight to accredited operators can see (for example) a quad weighing up to 149 t (147 long tons; 164 short tons).
2178:
body on the power-trans chassis .. engines rated at 450 and 500 horsepower. They are coupled to an Allison automatic transmission and tri-drive SISU hub reduction axles.
1495:, when a roadtrain made up of 79 trailers, measuring 1,018.2 m (3,341 ft) and weighing 1,072.3 t (1,055.4 long tons; 1,182.0 short tons), was pulled by a
164:, a traction engine was used to pull multiple open trucks. By 1898 steam traction engine trains with up to four wagons were employed in military manoeuvres in England.
694:
to the federal rules of transportation. Truck drivers must obtain a certificate to certify that the driver is capable to manipulate and drive that type of vehicle.
2092:
1343:
A double road train (single axle steering, tandem drive, tri-axle, tandem, tri-axle) would have an operational weight of 79 t (78 long tons; 87 short tons).
338:(two-trailer) road train combinations are allowed on some roads in most states of Australia, including specified approaches to the ports and industrial areas of
2067:
Hema Maps (Firm) & Martin, Ray. & Martin, Will. (2007), Australia truckies atlas : the complete atlas for the professional driver / Hema Maps; -
3074:
3035:
2273:
697:
All the tractor vehicles that make road train type transport in the country (along with the normal security requirements) need to have visual warnings like;
519:). Triples are sometimes marked with "LONG LOAD" banners both front and rear. "Turnpike doubles"—tractors towing two full-length trailers—are allowed on the
2749:
2333:
1340:
A B-double (single axle steering, tandem drive, and two tri-axle groups) would have an operational weight of 62.5 t (61.5 long tons; 68.9 short tons).
465:
On private property like mines, highway restrictions on trailer length, weight and count may not apply. Some of the heaviest road trains carrying ore are
701:"PrecauciĂłn Doble Semirremolque" alert (Warning Double Semi-Trailer) located in the frontal fenders of the tractor and in the rear part of each trailer,
2700:
1137:
Non load sharing suspension 10.00 t (9.84 long tons; 11.02 short tons): Load sharing suspension 11.00 t (10.83 long tons; 12.13 short tons)
243:
and inspired by the tracking abilities of the Government roadtrain, Johannsen began construction. Two years later his first road train was running.
1551:
948:
In South Australia, larger road trains up to 53.5 metres (175 ft 6 in) (three full trailers) are only permitted on certain routes in the
2534:
3104:
3065:
866:
that has ensured its continued development and global acceptance. Reversing is simpler as all articulation points are on fifth wheel couplings.
2827:
511:
freight hauling (in which case the trailers are shorter than a typical single-unit trailer) or resource hauling in the interior west (such as
671:
lorry which was 33 metres (108 ft) and had 13 axles. Testing of the special lorry was limited to a predefined route in northern Finland
2863:
834:
2944:
157:
area in the mid-19th century. They displaced bullock teams for the carriage of minerals to port and were, in turn, superseded by railways.
3099:
726:
In Zimbabwe, they are only used in one highway, Ngezi - Makwiro road. They make use of 42 m long road trains pulling three trailers.
431:
Strict regulations regarding licensing, registration, weights, and experience apply to all operators of road trains throughout Australia.
2484:
2421:
http://www.cadenadesuministro.es/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Modificacion-del-Anexo-IX-del-Reglamento-General-de-Vehi%CC%81culos-copia.pdf
1357:
If a tri-drive prime mover is utilised, along with tri-axle dollies, weights can reach nearly 170 t (167 long tons; 187 short tons).
231:, a bush mechanic, is recognised as the inventor of the modern road train. After transporting stud bulls 200 mi (320 km) to an
2540:. Government of South Australia, Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure. June 2011. p. 3. MR 414 06/11. Archived from
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390:
added 7,200 kilometres (4,500 mi) of key routes permitted to operate vehicles over 30 m (98 ft 5 in) in 2015–2018.
3057:
2511:
1000:
In some parts of Australia, road trains up to 60 metres (196 ft 10 in) are permitted, consisting of four standard trailers.
490:
3115:
Roadmap of technologies able to halve energy use per passenger mile includes the dynamically coupled, heterogeneous type of roadtrain
1220:
placed between 500 mm (19.7 in) and 1.8 m (5.9 ft) above the ground on the fore or rearmost surface of the unit.
1020:
on a C-dolly is self-steerable to prevent tire scrubbing. C-dollies are not permitted in Australia, due to the lack of articulation.
960:
A BAB quad consists of two B-double units linked with a converter dolly, with trailer order of Prime Mover, B-Train, Dolly, B-Train.
678:
has permitted B-doubles with a length of up to 25.25 metres (82.8 ft) and weighing up to 60 tonnes to travel on certain routes.
194:, which had acquired the rights, attempted to market it in the United Kingdom. Four of these vehicles were successfully delivered to
2649:
577:, for example, are sometimes moved in wagon trains of up to 20 trailers an eighth of a mile long (carrying a total of 3,600 bales).
3213:
2398:
1927:
2909:
1737:
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3321:
3266:
1448:
500 hp V8 belonging to Plugger Bowden who drove 29 stock trailers measuring 439.169 metres a distance of 4.5 km into
265:
This first example of the modern road train, along with the AEC Government Roadtrain, forms part of the huge collection at the
1893:
1036:
A dog-trailer (also called a pup) is a short trailer with a permanent dolly, with a single A-frame drawbar that fits into the
915:
In 2018, B quad was also allowed in states Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland, which enables more economical transport.
2072:
1578:
180:
1590:
1070:
If the vehicle was purchased to be used for interstate trade, no stamp duty is payable on the purchase price of the vehicle.
4567:
3151:
2212:
2121:
1985:
266:
2724:
1506:, by a road train consisting of 87 trailers and a single prime mover (measuring 1,235.3 m (4,053 ft) in length).
3124:
2377:
485:
2040:
585:
3084:
1806:
1012:
on a C-dolly. Unlike in an A-Train, the C-dolly is connected to the tractor or another trailer in front of it with two
2929:
1563:
3119:
2775:
2099:
2079:
1062:
424:
is the only capital city in the world where triples and quads are allowed to within 1 km (0.62 mi) of the
4531:
2262:. U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office. 13 February 2006.
1374:
In Europe, the speed limit for heavy goods trucks is usually 80 km/h (50 mph). There is a law on having
3661:
3626:
1971:
1102:
Steer axle, 2 axles, 2 tyres per axle: Non load sharing suspension 9.00 t (8.86 long tons; 9.92 short tons)
504:
2337:
1843:
4536:
3651:
3636:
3251:
228:
2190:
4572:
4513:
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2626:
2019:
1664:
899:
371:
28:
2566:
2259:
420:, with the last three states also allowing AB-quads (B double with two additional trailers coupled behind).
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4322:
3847:
3710:
3666:
2044:
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1256:
27.5 m (90.2 ft) max. (Western Australia only) This configuration is classed as a "Long Vehicle".
802:
3226:
1826:
69:
4229:
4119:
3316:
1859:
1711:
1175:
silo, they were given the benefit of the doubt, as that grain was more than likely to be going overseas.
949:
2973:
573:
On private property like farms, highway restrictions on trailer length and count do not apply. Bales of
3407:
2541:
1956:
1426:
551:
421:
254:
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4337:
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563:
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as the second letter, its mass limits were in line with the western states mass limits, which were:
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4224:
4219:
4194:
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3231:
3144:
2512:
https://www.elmananerodiario.com/los-doble-remolque-no-se-prohiben-tendran-regulacion-mas-estricta/
2479:
1624:
1517:
which used a standard Mack truck to pull 120 trailers a distance of about 100 metres (328 ft).
1454:
473:
367:
281:
17:
1041:
796:
A Kenworth with A-double chemical carrying trailers on a UBE Industries mining expressway in Japan
318:
3089:
2860:
1771:
1449:
2941:
2350:
1876:
1119:
Gross combination mass on a 6-axle vehicle not to exceed 38 t (37 long tons; 42 short tons)
37:
This article is about connected heavy goods vehicles. For lighter recreational road trains, see
4431:
4398:
3735:
3705:
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3611:
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2169:
1689:
644:
516:
2291:
1148:
Tri-axle, dual tyres or "super single" tyres: 20.00 t (19.68 long tons; 22.05 short tons)
1116:
Tri-axle, dual tyres or 'super single' tyres: 18.00 t (17.72 long tons; 19.84 short tons)
4577:
4393:
4114:
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3621:
3221:
2336:(Press release) (in Danish). Transport og Energiministeriet. 24 November 2008. Archived from
886:
532:
398:
301:
3010:
2712:
968:
ABB quad consists of one standard trailer and B-triple units linked with a converter dolly.
4436:
4134:
3857:
3755:
3641:
3241:
2666:
Bereni, Matthieu; Rob Di Cristoforo (2012). "Connecting Australia with Modular B-Triples".
2522:
1943:
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1009:
858:
846:
685:
In 2020, a small number of road trains were operating between Belgium and the Netherlands.
626:
172:
168:
46:
42:
2231:"Brisbane Truck Show uncovers huge clean transport shift, from utes to road trains – VASA"
932:
reversed, consisting of a B-double with a converter dolly and standard trailer behind it.
494:
Permitted routes for longer combination vehicles on the U.S. National Highway System: 2017
8:
4388:
4262:
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of the French Engineering Corps was displayed at the 1903 Paris Salon. After his death,
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U.S. department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Chapter VII, Safety.
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210:
98:
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2701:
VIC transport operation reports breakthrough efficiencies with PBS B-quad combination
2687:
2075:
2068:
1901:
1802:
1444:
In April 1994 Bob Hayward and Andrew Aichison organised another attempt using a 1988
1013:
792:
622:
375:
351:
258:
53:
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1445:
659:) combinations, ruled out all road-train-type vehicles for the foreseeable future.
520:
434:
Road trains are used for transporting all manner of materials: common examples are
240:
2147:
1845:
Mechanical traction in war for road transport, with notes on automobiles generally
976:
845:
A B-double consists of a prime mover towing a specialised lead trailer that has a
355:
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The vehicle has to be subjected to an annual inspection for roadworthy standards.
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536:
454:
409:
383:
343:
191:
176:
150:
146:
142:
38:
2299:. Vol. 3. US: Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration
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1238:
26 m (85.3 ft) max. Western Australia, 27.5 m (90.2 ft) max.
457:
removed and then connected individually to multiple trucks at "assembly" yards.
73:
An early road train at Alice Springs on the way to Tennant Creek, c. 1938 - 1948
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Interstate Road Transport Charge Amendment Bill 1998 (Bills Digest 192 1997-98)
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1016:, thus eliminating the drawbar connection as an articulation point. One of the
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633:
187:
130:
126:
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A 25.25 metre B-double consisting of two trailers with the same length in the
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The U.S. Department of Transportation's Western Uniformity Scenario Analysis.
1967:
1905:
1525:, that 70-year-old John Atkinson claimed a new record, pulled by a tri-drive
1375:
904:
822:
528:
500:
466:
363:
326:
317:
is used in Australia. In contrast with a more common semi-trailer towing one
270:
209:
to transport freight and supplies into the Northern Territory, replacing the
206:
122:
3036:"Volvo FH16 and I-Shift with crawler gears pulls 750 tonnes from standstill"
1407:
In 1989, a trucker named "Buddo" tugged 12 trailers down the main street of
1250:
35.0 m (115 ft) max. (uses 2Ă— conventional B-double lead trailers)
121:. Road trains are often used in areas where other forms of heavy transport (
4451:
4441:
4342:
4297:
4257:
4247:
4242:
4199:
4081:
4076:
4001:
3927:
3897:
3789:
3770:
3700:
3538:
3446:
3188:
1609:
1188:
992:
895:
567:
555:
329:
322:
306:
285:
250:
154:
118:
114:
110:
106:
3085:
NSW Roads and Traffic Authority Restricted Access Vehicles route map index
2620:
2013:
1131:
Steer axle, 1 axle, 2 tyres: 6.00 t (5.91 long tons; 6.61 short tons)
923:
358:, which is allowed access to most of the country and in all major cities.
239:
instead of the original load of 20. Provided with financing of about 2000
4421:
4066:
4056:
4031:
3956:
3867:
3820:
3815:
3765:
3570:
3502:
3471:
1726:
1684:
1145:
Tandem axle, dual tyres: 16.50 t (16.24 long tons; 18.19 short tons)
1113:
Tandem axle, dual tyres: 15.00 t (14.76 long tons; 16.53 short tons)
839:
783:: Special australian mining tipper road train with limited transportation
606:
235:
property, Johannsen was challenged to build a truck to carry 100 head of
199:
161:
2588:
Sweatman, P.; Tso, Y. (29 July 1988). "Dynamic stability of B-doubles".
1053:
145:
pulling multiple wagons. The first identified road trains operated into
4411:
4287:
4160:
4096:
4061:
3922:
3892:
3862:
3802:
3750:
3402:
2093:"IMPROVING ROAD TRANSPORT FOR PRIMARY PRODUCTION PROJECT Status update"
1526:
1492:
1415:
1387:
1105:
Load sharing suspension 10.00 t (9.84 long tons; 11.02 short tons)
707:
a seal for the entire vehicle approving the use as double semi trailer,
413:
217:
195:
3114:
1142:
Single axle, dual tyres: 9.00 t (8.86 long tons; 9.92 short tons)
1110:
Single axle, dual tyres: 8.50 t (8.37 long tons; 9.37 short tons)
1048:
4282:
4129:
4016:
3976:
3966:
3961:
3852:
3720:
3715:
3565:
3484:
3441:
3392:
3382:
3377:
3367:
3052:
2800:
Pearson, John R. (1989). "Medium combination vehicle use in Canada".
2399:
Largest lorry in western Europe to start operating in Finnish Lapland
1747:
1705:
1481:
1438:
1317:
1293:
1160:
1096:
1037:
806:
656:
524:
435:
105:
more efficiently than single-trailer semi-trucks. It consists of one
2679:
1499:
C501T driven by Steven Matthews a distance of 8 km (5 mi).
1151:
Gross combination mass on a 6-axle vehicle not to exceed 42.50
198:, Australia, before the company ceased production upon the start of
4475:
4470:
4302:
4051:
4046:
3907:
3872:
3810:
3456:
3431:
3256:
1503:
1496:
1485:
1477:
1465:
1434:
1419:
1349:
Quads weigh in at 135.5 t (133.4 long tons; 149.4 short tons).
1313:
1289:
1156:
1092:
1028:
704:
yellow turn and warning lights to be more visible to other drivers,
652:
647:(LHVs), including up to 11-axle, 34-metre (111.5 ft) long, 82-
339:
221:
849:
mounted on the rear towing another semi-trailer, resulting in two
284:
triple road train with 620 kWh battery, also the world's heaviest
61:
4373:
4357:
4026:
3877:
3387:
3362:
3199:
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
3129:
1639:
1194:
940:
894:
Same as B-double, but with an additional lead trailer behind the
710:
federal license plates in every trailer, dolly, and tractor unit.
614:
610:
602:
594:
544:
469:
with a diesel engine in each trailer, controlled by the tractor.
232:
102:
1277:
Operational weights are based on axle group masses, as follows:
589:
Timber being unloaded from a B-double at Pellets Asturias, Spain
183:
stated that he had around 45 steam road trains at his disposal.
4480:
4150:
3560:
3523:
2195:
Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water
1570:
1491:
On 19 October 2000, Doug Gould set the first of his records in
1398:. Trailer arrangement is B-double towing two tri-axle trailers.
1346:
A triple is 115.5 t (113.68 long tons; 127.32 short tons).
734:
618:
598:
236:
77:
1634:
1521:
pulled with a single prime mover. It was on the main road of
1473:
1430:
1309:
1285:
1152:
1088:
675:
648:
574:
347:
213:
41:. For the routing of a railroad track on public streets, see
3080:
NSW Roads and Traffic Authority road train operators gazette
1484:) and measuring 610 m (2,001 ft) were pulled by a
449:
When road trains get close to populated areas, the multiple
3160:
2322:. Vol. 4. Lakeville, Minnesota: Farm Show. p. 51.
1017:
540:
439:
305:
A four-trailer road train in the Australian outback with a
1414:
In 1993, "Plugger" Bowden took the record with a 525
205:
In the 1930s/40s, the government of Australia operated an
3991:
3090:
NSW Roads and Traffic Authority Reflective sign standards
3063:
Northern Territory Road Train road safety TV commercials.
2961:
Former road train record holder may take on new challenge
2260:"Fact #411 States that Allow Longer Combination Vehicles"
2170:"1000 HP Kenworth C510 – Powertrailer combination Review"
512:
443:
3058:
Australian National Heavy Vehicles Accreditation Scheme.
3011:
Qld truck driver sets world's longest road train record
2665:
2334:"Effektive og miljørigtige lastbiler på de danske veje"
2213:"World-first electric triple road train launches in SA"
1986:"World-first electric triple road train launches in SA"
1441:), 21 trailer rig extending 315 metres (1,033 ft).
1778:. Vintage Road Haulage, Perth, Western Australia. 2018
562:
In the western United States LCVs are allowed on many
2907:
World records : Preparations for the Big Attempt
2293:
Comprehensive Truck Size and Weight (CTS&W) Study
1513:
In 2004, the record was again broken by a group from
1461:
Then the record went back to Winton with 34 trailers.
388:
Improving Road Transport for the Agriculture Industry
2895:
The Truck Pull : The World's Longest Road Train
2362:
The next environmental improvement - Long truck rigs
2122:"Common Heavy Freight Vehicle Configurations - NHVR"
2082:- has state by state routes and route restrictions I
1605:
862:
tractor unit's fifth wheel in the customary manner.
354:. A double road train should not be confused with a
81:
A diesel road train in Alice Springs, c. 1938 - 1939
3125:
Combination Vehicles for Commercial Drivers License
1828:
Tube, Train, Tram, and Car or Up-to-date Locomotion
1049:
Interstate road transport registration in Australia
1848:. London: S. Low, Marston and Company. p. 20.
1299:Single axle (steer axle with 'super single' tyres)
3110:British Columbia Government Licensing Bulletin 41
2776:"B-triple road train rule changes for Queensland"
2063:
2061:
1510:train a distance of 1,500 m (4,921 ft).
65:A three-trailer livestock road train in Australia
4549:
3105:British Columbia Government Licensing Bulletin 6
2384:(in Swedish). TT. 8 October 2010. Archived from
1799:The Ghan: The Story of the Alice Springs Railway
1502:On 29 March 2003, the record was surpassed near
1425:A few months later this effort was surpassed by
1957:View From The North – Episode Four: Roads North
1842:Layriz, Otfrie; Marston, Robert Bright (1900).
1831:. London: G. Routledge & sons. p. 217.
566:highways. The only LCVs allowed nationwide are
408:(three-trailer) road trains operate in western
52:"Road Train" redirects here. For the song, see
2729:National Heavy Vehicle Regulator (nhvr.gov.au)
2058:
1382:
1213:"Long Vehicle" sign located on the rear bumper
450:
3145:
1841:
1766:
1764:
1725:– large trucks such as road trains and
1557:Sherwin-Williams Paints truck on US 95 Nevada
1332:20.0 t (19.7 long tons; 22.0 short tons)
1326:16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons)
1167:The second digit of the registration being a
539:(Kansas City - Wichita route) as well as the
499:such as Idaho, Oregon, and Montana, plus the
416:, South Australia, Western Australia and the
171:provided armoured road trains for use by the
109:or more connected together with or without a
3120:Road trains and electrification of transport
2999:Australia's New World Record Road Train Pull
2870:, the pick & shovel (13), December 2000.
2615:
2613:
2611:
1894:"A good idea at the time: Renard Road Train"
1891:
1820:
1818:
1023:
625:, since August 2023. 34.5 meters allows two
246:Johannsen's first road train consisted of a
2587:
2485:Official Journal of the Federation (Mexico)
2280:(Hendersonville, N.C.), 30 Nov. 1960, p. 7.
3152:
3138:
2717:
2569:. Equipment Hunt Group Pty Ltd. April 2019
1761:
1302:6.7 t (6.6 long tons; 7.4 short tons)
1008:A C-train is a semi-trailer attached to a
3075:South Australian Roads road train gazette
2608:
2567:"Into the Details: All About Road Trains"
2008:
2006:
1815:
2455:"TPN Ireland launches new 19.5m trailer"
2311:
1596:A B-double tanker parked at a truck stop
1386:
1083:eastern states mass limits, which were:
1052:
1027:
991:
975:
939:
922:
885:
833:
821:
791:
733:
661:
584:
550:
489:
392:
300:
288:BEV truck at 170 tonnes (gross weight).
113:. It typically has to be at least three
76:
68:
60:
2942:Monster Update : ROAD TRAIN RECORD
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2799:
1925:
1881:. Hodder and Stoughton. pp. 43–44.
1868:
1738:Top intermodal container companies list
1452:. The record was published in the next
1087:Steer axle, 1 axle, 2 tyres: 5.40
729:
14:
4550:
2802:Transportation Planning and Technology
2773:
2590:Transportation Planning and Technology
2435:. eoingavintransport.com. 8 April 2021
2410:104 ton experiment in northern Finland
2210:
2191:"Australian Petroleum Statistics 2023"
2167:
2145:
2003:
1983:
1892:Burgess-Wise, David (17 August 2001).
1824:
1796:
1265:Triple and ABB or BAB-quad road trains
1229:
1134:Steer axle, 2 axles, 2 tyres per axle
870:work and cattle liners for livestock.
4248:Median / Central reservation
3133:
2932:, 21 November 2005, macktrucks.com.au
2916:, gouldtransport.com.au, quoted from
2474:
2472:
2274:Gangway! Here comes a turnpike train!
1874:
1835:
1569:53 foot container turnpike double in
1488:10Ă—6 K100G for 8 km (5 mi).
1379:heavy road trains lose speed uphill.
826:A B-double parked at a truck stop in
507:. Triples are used for long-distance
2963:, 22 February 2006, ABC News online,
2845:
2527:
2320:Encyclopedia of Made it Myself Ideas
2317:
2290:"Chapter 3: Scenario Descriptions".
2168:Shanks, Howard (14 September 2017).
1533:
1272:
1244:up to 36.5 m (120 ft) max.
362:industrial and export areas such as
267:National Road Transport Hall of Fame
2828:"Vehicle Road Speed Limiters (RSL)"
2774:Writer, Staff (12 September 2022).
2703:primemovermag.com.au, 15 March 2019
2659:
1584:Triple trailer three 28.5-foot pups
1429:driver Malcolm Chisholm with a 290-
486:Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula
24:
4166:Risk compensation (road transport)
3159:
3023:Bulldog Reclaims Record Down Under
2469:
2127:. National Heavy Vehicle Regulator
1929:The Auto: The Motorist's Pictorial
1464:On 3rd of April 1999, the town of
1394:BAA quad tanker road train in the
1259:Double road train or AB road train
1057:Versions of australian road trains
643:in 2009, a two-year desk study of
280:In 2023, Janus launched the first
45:. For electronic road trains, see
25:
4594:
3053:Australian Road Train Association
3046:
2674:(2288). Washington, D.C.: 57–65.
2378:"Miljövänlig jättebil med timmer"
2100:Primary Industries and Regions SA
666:40 foot container turnpike double
133:) are not feasible or practical.
4532:Glossary of road transport terms
2750:"Road train speed limits | NHVR"
2535:"Code of Practice for B-Doubles"
2492:from the original on 16 May 2023
2488:(in Spanish). 11 November 2014.
2146:Carter, Russell A. (June 2012).
1608:
1589:
1577:
1562:
1550:
1203:
1187:
479:
186:A road train devised by Captain
3028:
3016:
3004:
2992:
2966:
2954:
2935:
2923:
2900:
2888:
2873:
2820:
2793:
2767:
2742:
2706:
2694:
2640:
2581:
2559:
2516:
2504:
2447:
2425:
2414:
2403:
2392:
2370:
2355:
2344:
2326:
2283:
2266:
2252:
2241:
2223:
2211:Graham, James (19 April 2023).
2204:
2183:
2161:
2148:"Taking the Train | E & MJ"
2139:
2114:
2085:
2033:
1984:Graham, James (19 April 2023).
1977:
1961:
1950:
1697:– highway and interstate system
1422:) Mack CLR pulling 16 trailers.
1361:
141:Early road trains consisted of
2882:Truck & Bus Transportation
2879:The world's longest roadtrain
2668:Transportation Research Record
1936:
1919:
1885:
1875:Wyatt, Horace Matthew (1914).
1852:
1790:
1719:– freight trucks by rail
1468:, officially made it into the
1268:53.5 m (176 ft) max.
1262:36.5 m (120 ft) max.
13:
1:
4514:Pavement performance modeling
4504:International roughness index
3013:, 19 February 2006, ABC News.
2627:Government of South Australia
2020:Government of South Australia
1754:
1665:Federal Bridge Weight Formula
900:National Transport Commission
386:before 2017. A project named
4509:Present serviceability index
4303:Sidewalk / Pavement
3848:Diamond grinding of pavement
2045:Main Roads Western Australia
1972:Jeremy Clarkson's Motorworld
1680:Intermodal freight transport
918:
853:. It may also be known as a
296:
7:
4568:Road transport in Australia
4481:Underpass / Tunnel
4476:Overpass / Flyover
4230:High-occupancy vehicle lane
4120:Driving under the influence
3194:Freeway / Motorway
2647:COAG backs B-triple network
2248:"Truck Driver's Guide Book"
1712:Road transport in Australia
1601:
1383:World's longest road trains
971:
963:
955:
935:
881:
817:
787:
721:
505:Indiana East–West Toll Road
10:
4599:
3408:Highway systems by country
2920:, Friday 10 November 2000.
2725:"Concessional Mass Limits"
2457:. tpn.ie. 24 February 2024
1825:Beavan, Arthur H. (1903).
1543:
1178:
1003:
483:
136:
51:
36:
26:
4527:
4519:Granular base equivalency
4489:
4460:
4366:
4338:Traffic signal preemption
4183:
4143:
4105:
3947:
3936:
3788:
3746:Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
3675:
3652:Single-point urban (SPUI)
3592:
3583:
3511:
3416:
3330:
3212:
3179:
3170:
2814:10.1080/03081068908717420
2602:10.1080/03081068908717423
1926:Spooner, Stanley (1907).
1024:Dog-trailer (dog trailer)
987:
944:A-triple as tanker hauler
910:
778:: AAB quad (possible BAA)
758:: AB-triple (possible BA)
688:
580:
426:central business district
4499:Pavement condition index
4225:High-occupancy toll lane
4220:Contraflow lane reversal
4195:Barrier transfer machine
1861:The Illustrated war news
1625:Air brake (road vehicle)
1470:Guinness Book of Records
1455:Guinness Book of Records
1305:Single axle (dual tyres)
1281:Single axle (steer tyre)
291:
95:long combination vehicle
34:Type of trucking vehicle
27:Not to be confused with
3353:Express-collector setup
2433:"Sustainable Transport"
2351:Longer trucks next year
1878:Motor transports in war
1772:"What is a Road Train?"
645:Longer Heavier Vehicles
558:pup 28.5 foot trailers
397:Triple road train near
4537:Road types by features
4432:Raised pavement marker
4399:Constant-slope barrier
4323:Traffic directionality
4313:Street running railway
3736:Protected intersection
2978:Guinness World Records
2897:, marleystransport.com
2523:Muscat Trailer website
1797:Fuller, Basil (1975).
1690:Longer Heavier Vehicle
1399:
1171:designates a trailer.
1061:In 1991, at a special
1058:
1033:
997:
981:
945:
928:
891:
842:
831:
797:
784:
667:
590:
559:
525:Massachusetts Turnpike
495:
402:
310:
255:Diamond-T tank carrier
82:
74:
66:
4394:Concrete step barrier
3731:Offset T-intersection
3068:19 March 2007 at the
2510:Notice of regulation
2382:Västerbottens-Kuriren
2365:Volvo Trucks Magazine
2174:Australian Roadtrains
1390:
1056:
1031:
995:
979:
943:
926:
889:
837:
825:
795:
737:
665:
588:
554:
493:
396:
304:
169:John Fowler & Co.
80:
72:
64:
4573:Articulated vehicles
4437:Road surface marking
4135:Single-vehicle crash
3858:Full depth recycling
3756:Seagull intersection
3001:, thedieselgypsy.com
2974:"Longest road train"
2340:on 14 December 2008.
2318:Timm, Chuck (2019).
1974:, Australian episode
1670:Fifth wheel coupling
1323:Tandem axle grouping
1247:NTC modular B-triple
1123:If a vehicle had an
1063:Premiers' Conference
859:fifth wheel coupling
730:Trailer arrangements
617:, and some roads in
173:British Armed Forces
47:Platoon (automobile)
43:Street running train
4263:Pedestrian crossing
3826:Reinforced concrete
3662:Three-level diamond
3373:Two-lane expressway
3358:Farm-to-market road
2930:TALKIN' TITAN TOUGH
1944:"Farina 2016 works"
1864:. 29 November 1916.
1523:Clifton, Queensland
1515:Clifton, Queensland
1230:Combination lengths
851:articulation points
509:less-than-truckload
380:Port Wakefield Road
4293:Runaway truck ramp
4115:Driver's education
3903:Rubberized asphalt
3838:Crocodile cracking
3761:Split intersection
3529:Hierarchy of roads
3490:Single carriageway
2980:. 18 February 2006
2947:2009-08-26 at the
2912:2009-04-12 at the
2866:2009-09-30 at the
2832:Transport's Friend
2652:2008-07-29 at the
2547:on 21 October 2016
1932:. Pictorial Press.
1733:Shipping container
1723:Semi-trailer truck
1675:Gladhand connector
1650:Container on barge
1400:
1396:Northern Territory
1059:
1034:
998:
982:
946:
929:
892:
843:
832:
798:
785:
668:
627:40 foot containers
591:
560:
548:pejorative sense.
533:Florida's Turnpike
496:
453:are unhooked, the
418:Northern Territory
403:
311:
275:Northern Territory
248:United States Army
101:used to move road
89:, also known as a
83:
75:
67:
4545:
4544:
4353:Wide outside lane
4179:
4178:
4156:Automotive safety
4037:Road slipperiness
3784:
3783:
3632:Diverging diamond
3579:
3578:
3495:Single-track road
3437:Bicycle boulevard
2197:. December 2023.
2073:978-1-86500-426-6
1534:Outside Australia
1329:Tri-axle grouping
1273:Operating weights
1253:Pocket road train
996:A 60-metre A-quad
738:Road train types:
632:Elsewhere in the
376:Salisbury Highway
352:Western Australia
259:Central Australia
54:Road Train (song)
16:(Redirected from
4590:
4389:Cat's eye (road)
4210:Complete streets
3982:Dead Man's Curve
3945:
3944:
3883:Pavement milling
3798:Asphalt concrete
3741:Quadrant roadway
3682:
3604:
3590:
3589:
3556:Street hierarchy
3204:Elevated highway
3177:
3176:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3131:
3130:
3040:
3039:
3038:. 12 April 2016.
3032:
3026:
3025:, macktrucks.com
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2952:
2939:
2933:
2927:
2921:
2918:Kalgoorlie Miner
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2885:June 1994 page 6
2877:
2871:
2858:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2721:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2663:
2657:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2617:
2606:
2605:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2429:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2388:on 24 July 2011.
2374:
2368:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2287:
2281:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2256:
2250:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2233:. 24 July 2023.
2227:
2221:
2220:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2126:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2097:
2089:
2083:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2041:"Heavy Vehicles"
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1981:
1975:
1965:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1768:
1708:coupling devices
1695:National Network
1645:Containerization
1618:
1616:Transport portal
1613:
1612:
1593:
1581:
1566:
1554:
1446:Mack Super-Liner
1207:
1191:
1032:Quad dog trailer
907:from the north.
521:New York Thruway
309:NH15 prime mover
143:traction engines
21:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4548:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4523:
4491:
4485:
4456:
4447:Traffic barrier
4407:F-Shape barrier
4362:
4318:Traffic calming
4278:Reversible lane
4268:Pedestrian zone
4253:Motorcycle lane
4215:Contraflow lane
4187:time allocation
4186:
4175:
4171:Underride guard
4139:
4101:
3987:Expansion joint
3949:
3939:
3932:
3918:Stamped asphalt
3780:
3711:Continuous flow
3684:
3680:
3679:
3671:
3605:
3601:grade-separated
3598:
3597:
3575:
3534:Private highway
3507:
3412:
3326:
3208:
3166:
3158:
3070:Wayback Machine
3049:
3044:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3021:
3017:
3009:
3005:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2959:
2955:
2949:Wayback Machine
2940:
2936:
2928:
2924:
2914:Wayback Machine
2905:
2901:
2893:
2889:
2878:
2874:
2868:Wayback Machine
2859:
2846:
2836:
2834:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2754:www.nhvr.gov.au
2748:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2680:10.3141/2288-07
2664:
2660:
2654:Wayback Machine
2645:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2619:
2618:
2609:
2586:
2582:
2572:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2393:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2345:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2316:
2312:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2271:
2267:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2242:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2209:
2205:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2166:
2162:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2102:. February 2018
2095:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2066:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2012:
2011:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1982:
1978:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1924:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1890:
1886:
1873:
1869:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1840:
1836:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1770:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1743:Trackless train
1717:Rolling highway
1660:Dolly (trailer)
1630:Articulated bus
1614:
1607:
1604:
1597:
1594:
1585:
1582:
1573:
1567:
1558:
1555:
1546:
1536:
1392:Shell Australia
1385:
1364:
1275:
1232:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1181:
1080:
1051:
1026:
1006:
990:
974:
966:
958:
938:
921:
913:
884:
828:New South Wales
820:
790:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
732:
724:
691:
583:
537:Kansas Turnpike
488:
482:
410:New South Wales
384:Augusta Highway
344:South Australia
299:
294:
177:Second Boer War
151:Flinders Ranges
147:South Australia
139:
57:
50:
39:Trackless train
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4596:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4495:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4464:
4462:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4417:Jersey barrier
4414:
4409:
4404:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4348:Unused highway
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4328:Traffic island
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4189:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4125:Drowsy driving
4122:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4007:Level crossing
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3951:
3942:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3706:Channelization
3703:
3698:
3693:
3691:3-way junction
3687:
3685:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3593:
3587:
3585:Road junctions
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3549:business route
3546:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3479:
3477:Primitive road
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3348:County highway
3345:
3343:Collector road
3340:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3317:United Kingdom
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3252:Czech Republic
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3185:
3183:
3181:Limited-access
3174:
3168:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3060:
3055:
3048:
3047:External links
3045:
3042:
3041:
3027:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2965:
2953:
2934:
2922:
2899:
2887:
2872:
2844:
2819:
2792:
2766:
2741:
2716:
2705:
2693:
2658:
2639:
2607:
2596:(2): 159–169.
2580:
2558:
2526:
2515:
2503:
2468:
2446:
2424:
2413:
2402:
2391:
2369:
2354:
2343:
2325:
2310:
2282:
2278:The Times-News
2265:
2251:
2240:
2222:
2203:
2182:
2160:
2138:
2113:
2084:
2057:
2032:
2002:
1976:
1960:
1949:
1935:
1918:
1884:
1867:
1851:
1834:
1814:
1808:978-0727000163
1807:
1789:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1714:
1709:
1703:
1701:Overland train
1698:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1655:Container ship
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1576:
1574:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1518:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1489:
1462:
1459:
1442:
1423:
1412:
1384:
1381:
1376:speed limiters
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1282:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1165:
1164:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1050:
1047:
1025:
1022:
1005:
1002:
989:
986:
973:
970:
965:
962:
957:
954:
937:
934:
920:
917:
912:
909:
883:
880:
819:
816:
789:
786:
731:
728:
723:
720:
712:
711:
708:
705:
702:
690:
687:
641:United Kingdom
634:European Union
582:
579:
481:
478:
298:
295:
293:
290:
229:Kurt Johannsen
188:Charles Renard
181:Lord Kitchener
138:
135:
131:container ship
127:cargo aircraft
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4595:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4427:Noise barrier
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4384:Cable barrier
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4365:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4333:Traffic lanes
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4273:Refuge island
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4238:Living street
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4205:Climbing lane
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4182:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4107:Human factors
4104:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4072:Traffic light
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4022:Oversize load
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4012:Manhole cover
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3843:Crushed stone
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3726:Michigan left
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3678:Intersections
3674:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3627:Directional T
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3582:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3544:special route
3542:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3462:Frontage road
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3338:Arterial road
3336:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3322:United States
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
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3200:
3197:
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3178:
3175:
3173:
3172:Types of road
3169:
3165:
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3148:
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3141:
3136:
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2157:
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2094:
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2081:
2080:1-865004-26-X
2077:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2007:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1969:
1968:BBC Worldwide
1964:
1958:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1931:
1930:
1922:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1898:The Telegraph
1895:
1888:
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1128:
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1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1001:
994:
985:
978:
969:
961:
953:
951:
942:
933:
925:
916:
908:
906:
905:Port Adelaide
901:
897:
888:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
836:
829:
824:
815:
811:
808:
804:
794:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
736:
727:
719:
716:
709:
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587:
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569:
565:
557:
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549:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
529:Interstate 90
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
501:Ohio Turnpike
492:
487:
480:United States
477:
475:
470:
468:
467:multiple unit
462:
458:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
432:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
395:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:Outer Harbour
369:
365:
364:Port Adelaide
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
331:
328:
324:
320:
316:
308:
303:
289:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
271:Alice Springs
268:
263:
260:
256:
252:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
212:
208:
207:AEC Roadtrain
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
134:
132:
128:
124:
123:freight train
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
79:
71:
63:
59:
55:
48:
44:
40:
30:
19:
4578:Road hazards
4452:Traffic cone
4442:Rumble strip
4343:Truck bypass
4298:Shared space
4258:Passing lane
4243:Managed lane
4200:Bicycle lane
4082:Washboarding
4077:Traffic sign
4041:
4002:Hairpin turn
3771:Texas U-turn
3701:Box junction
3595:Interchanges
3539:Route number
3447:Country lane
3189:Bike freeway
3030:
3018:
3006:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2977:
2968:
2956:
2951:Fleet Watch,
2937:
2925:
2902:
2890:
2880:
2875:
2835:. Retrieved
2831:
2822:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2783:. Retrieved
2779:
2769:
2757:. Retrieved
2753:
2744:
2732:. Retrieved
2728:
2719:
2708:
2696:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2656:, ntc.gov.au
2642:
2630:. Retrieved
2621:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2571:. Retrieved
2561:
2549:. Retrieved
2542:the original
2529:
2518:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2483:
2459:. Retrieved
2449:
2437:. Retrieved
2427:
2416:
2405:
2394:
2386:the original
2381:
2372:
2364:
2357:
2346:
2338:the original
2328:
2319:
2313:
2303:28 September
2301:. Retrieved
2292:
2285:
2277:
2268:
2254:
2243:
2234:
2225:
2216:
2206:
2199:slide page 7
2198:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2155:
2152:www.e-mj.com
2151:
2141:
2129:. Retrieved
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2087:
2048:. Retrieved
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2014:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:
1979:
1963:
1952:
1938:
1928:
1921:
1909:. Retrieved
1897:
1887:
1877:
1870:
1860:
1854:
1844:
1837:
1827:
1798:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1775:
1469:
1453:
1401:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1362:Speed limits
1336:Therefore,
1335:
1276:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1124:
1122:
1081:
1060:
1035:
1007:
999:
983:
967:
959:
947:
930:
914:
893:
876:
872:
868:
864:
854:
844:
812:
799:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
725:
717:
713:
696:
692:
684:
680:
674:Since 2015,
673:
669:
638:
631:
592:
572:
568:STAA doubles
561:
497:
471:
463:
459:
451:dog-trailers
448:
433:
430:
405:
404:
401:, Queensland
387:
360:
335:
334:
323:semi-trailer
314:
312:
286:street-legal
279:
264:
251:World War II
245:
226:
204:
185:
166:
159:
155:Port Augusta
140:
107:semi-trailer
94:
90:
86:
84:
58:
4490:Performance
4422:Kassel kerb
4379:Botts' dots
4367:Demarcation
4067:Storm drain
4032:Road debris
3957:Aquaplaning
3950:environment
3938:Road safety
3816:Cobblestone
3766:Superstreet
3571:Winter road
3519:Concurrency
3512:Other terms
3503:Sunken lane
3472:Main street
3417:Local roads
1727:articulated
1685:Jackknifing
1042:pintle hook
1010:fifth-wheel
896:prime mover
847:fifth-wheel
840:Netherlands
830:, Australia
803:Port Kembla
607:Netherlands
556:STAA double
330:prime mover
227:Australian
200:World War I
162:Crimean War
160:During the
97:(LCV) is a
4552:Categories
4492:indicators
4461:Structures
4412:Guard rail
4288:Road verge
4161:Seat belts
4097:Snowsquall
4062:Speed bump
4042:Road train
3863:Glassphalt
3803:Bioasphalt
3776:Turnaround
3751:Roundabout
3681:(at-grade)
3647:Roundabout
3612:Cloverleaf
3467:Green lane
3403:Trunk road
3331:Main roads
3214:By country
2984:5 December
2861:Doug's Tug
2808:(2): 126.
2734:1 December
2551:8 February
2367:2008-10-03
2050:21 October
2025:21 October
1782:4 December
1755:References
1527:Mack Titan
1493:Kalgoorlie
1482:short tons
1418:(391
1318:short tons
1294:short tons
1161:short tons
1097:short tons
1077:Australia.
773:: A-triple
768:: ABB quad
763:: BAB quad
753:: A-double
748:: B-triple
743:: B-double
564:Interstate
484:See also:
442:, mineral
414:Queensland
412:, western
315:road train
196:Queensland
99:semi-truck
91:land train
87:road train
4283:Road diet
4185:Space and
4130:Road rage
4017:Oil spill
3977:Crosswind
3967:Black ice
3962:Avalanche
3888:Permeable
3721:Jughandle
3716:Hook turn
3622:Free-flow
3566:Toll road
3485:Side road
3442:Boulevard
3398:Super two
3393:Ring road
3368:Link road
3267:Hong Kong
3222:Australia
3164:hierarchy
2688:110027645
2131:24 August
2106:24 August
1906:0307-1235
1801:. Rigby.
1748:Transport
1706:Ringfeder
1478:long tons
1439:short-ton
1314:long tons
1308:9.0
1290:long tons
1284:6.0
1157:long tons
1093:long tons
1038:Ringfeder
950:Far North
927:BA-triple
919:AB triple
807:Australia
657:short-ton
517:aggregate
474:batteries
436:livestock
399:Normanton
313:The term
297:Australia
220:(97
167:In 1900,
153:from the
4583:Trailers
4471:Causeway
4308:Shoulder
4144:Vehicles
4092:Whiteout
4052:Rockfall
4047:Roadkill
3972:Bleeding
3948:Road and
3908:Sealcoat
3833:Corduroy
3821:Concrete
3811:Chipseal
3790:Surfaces
3642:Raindrop
3457:Driveway
3452:Dead end
3432:Backroad
3383:2+2 road
3378:2+1 road
3302:Portugal
3292:Pakistan
3066:Archived
2945:Archived
2910:Archived
2864:Archived
2837:1 August
2780:Big Rigs
2650:Archived
2490:Archived
2461:6 August
2439:6 August
2217:Big Rigs
1995:24 April
1990:Big Rigs
1911:5 August
1602:See also
1504:Mungindi
1497:Kenworth
1486:Kenworth
1466:Merredin
1435:long-ton
1241:B-triple
1235:B-double
1195:B double
1159:; 46.85
1014:drawbars
980:BAA quad
972:AAB quad
964:ABB quad
956:BAB quad
936:A-triple
890:B-triple
882:B-triple
818:B-double
788:A-double
722:Zimbabwe
653:long-ton
356:B-double
340:Adelaide
253:surplus
117:and one
115:trailers
18:B-double
4374:Bollard
4358:Woonerf
4087:Washout
4027:Pothole
3940:factors
3928:Texture
3898:Plastic
3878:Macadam
3667:Trumpet
3617:Diamond
3388:Parkway
3363:Highway
3277:Ireland
3257:Germany
3247:Croatia
3227:Belgium
2632:26 July
2625:(Map).
2573:9 April
2236:braking
2018:(Map).
1729:lorries
1640:B-train
1544:Gallery
1179:Signage
1155:(41.83
1095:; 5.95
1004:C-train
855:B-train
639:In the
615:Belgium
611:Denmark
603:Germany
595:Finland
545:Indiana
455:dollies
428:(CBD).
368:Gillman
319:trailer
233:outback
192:Daimler
175:in the
137:History
119:tractor
111:tractor
103:freight
4563:Trains
4558:Trucks
4467:Bridge
4151:Airbag
3923:Tarmac
3868:Gravel
3696:Bowtie
3637:Parclo
3561:Stroad
3524:Detour
3499:Street
3427:Avenue
3312:Taiwan
3297:Poland
3262:Greece
3237:Canada
3232:Brazil
2785:10 May
2759:10 May
2686:
2622:RAVnet
2496:16 May
2078:
2071:
2015:RAVnet
1904:
1805:
1571:Canada
1480:; 665
1450:Bourke
1437:; 320-
1427:Darwin
1409:Winton
1316:; 9.9
1292:; 6.6
1091:(5.31
988:A quad
911:B quad
689:Mexico
619:Norway
605:, the
599:Sweden
581:Europe
422:Darwin
406:Triple
336:Double
327:diesel
325:, the
241:pounds
237:cattle
211:Afghan
3893:Plank
3807:Brick
3657:Stack
3423:Alley
3307:Spain
3287:Nepal
3282:Italy
3272:India
3242:China
2684:S2CID
2545:(PDF)
2538:(PDF)
2297:(PDF)
2125:(PDF)
2096:(PDF)
1635:Brake
1476:(593
1433:(285-
1431:tonne
1312:(8.9
1288:(5.9
1018:axles
676:Spain
655:; 90-
649:tonne
575:straw
348:Perth
307:Volvo
292:Usage
214:camel
4403:Curb
4234:Lane
3997:Ford
3913:Sett
3853:Dirt
3481:Road
3161:Road
2986:2019
2839:2024
2787:2024
2761:2024
2736:2019
2672:2288
2634:2020
2575:2019
2553:2016
2498:2023
2463:2024
2441:2024
2305:2018
2133:2018
2108:2019
2076:ISBN
2069:ISBN
2052:2016
2027:2016
1997:2024
1913:2018
1902:ISSN
1803:ISBN
1784:2018
651:(81-
543:and
541:Ohio
523:and
503:and
444:ores
440:fuel
382:and
374:via
370:and
346:and
4057:Rut
3992:Fog
3873:Ice
2810:doi
2676:doi
2598:doi
2276:",
1040:or
593:In
531:),
515:or
513:ore
321:or
282:BEV
269:in
149:'s
93:or
29:ART
4554::
2976:.
2847:^
2830:.
2806:14
2804:.
2778:.
2752:.
2727:.
2682:.
2670:.
2610:^
2594:14
2592:.
2482:.
2471:^
2380:.
2215:.
2193:.
2176:.
2172:.
2154:.
2150:.
2098:.
2060:^
2043:.
2005:^
1988:.
1970:,
1900:.
1896:.
1817:^
1774:.
1763:^
1420:kW
1416:hp
952:.
805:,
629:.
623:E4
613:,
609:,
601:,
597:,
570:.
535:,
476:.
438:,
378:,
366:,
350:,
342:,
277:.
273:,
222:kW
218:hp
202:.
179:.
129:,
125:,
85:A
3603:)
3599:(
3153:e
3146:t
3139:v
2988:.
2841:.
2816:.
2812::
2789:.
2763:.
2738:.
2690:.
2678::
2636:.
2604:.
2600::
2577:.
2555:.
2500:.
2465:.
2443:.
2307:.
2272:"
2219:.
2135:.
2110:.
2054:.
2029:.
1999:.
1946:.
1915:.
1811:.
1786:.
1776:X
1529:.
1474:t
1458:.
1411:.
1320:)
1310:t
1296:)
1286:t
1169:T
1163:)
1153:t
1125:X
1099:)
1089:t
781:K
776:H
771:G
766:F
761:E
756:D
751:C
746:B
741:A
527:(
56:.
49:.
31:.
20:)
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