437:, members of the Aztec Club held a series of meetings significant to its long-term survival, resulting in the club's evolution from a purely military society into a hereditary society that exists to this day. Under Robert Patterson's leadership, the club accomplished what few of its contemporaries did—the successful metamorphosis from a military society to a hereditary one. The subtle changes in membership criteria, from the admission of individuals who served in the war in any theater (1871) to successor membership (1875), and, shortly after Patterson's death, the admission of sons of officers disabled or killed in the Mexican War (1881) created the fabric from which hereditary membership was born. The Aztec Club evolved from a society of military comrades to an organization which first included sons of eligible but deceased officers, and eventually (after his death) became an association of lineal descendants. The archives of the Aztec Club are maintained at the
245:. Officers from state militia organizations were not eligible for membership. The original constitution stated the club's purpose was to give members a place to live together, dine together, and otherwise entertain their guests, allowing members to pool resources while stationed in the City of Mexico. When it became apparent the army would soon leave the city for home, members met on May 26, 1848, to determine the club's future. While it was impractical to continue the operation of the physical club facility after they left, the members took the first steps to create an organization in perpetuity, electing officers for a term to end September 14, 1852, intending a reunion of members on or before that date at the
197:(sitting on the front row) Gen. Fitz John Porter, Capt. Henry Coppee, Gen. Robert Patterson, President Ulysses S. Grant, Gen. George A.H. Blake, Gen. John G. Barnard (misidentified as I.G. Barnard), Gen. Oliver L. Shepherd, and Gen. William H. French; (second row) Governor Milledge L. Bonham, Gen. John J. Abercrombie, Surgeon John M. Cuyler, Gen. T.L. Alexander, Lt. Col. Frederick D. Grant (as a guest of the dinner), Gen. Orville E. Babcock, Capt. E.L.F. Hardcastle, Gen. William F. Barry, and Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox; (last row) Col. Charles I. Biddle, Gen. Zealous B. Tower, and Gen. Robert E. Patterson.
20:
193:
234:
141:. The club numbered 160 members by the time the army evacuated the City to return to the United States, among its members most of the major figures of the Mexican War American army and a large group whose fame would come a decade and a half later. Membership was extended to all officers who had served in the campaign from Vera Cruz on, and carried much prestige not only in Mexico but in the United States. The founders of the Aztec Club sought to emulate the
456:, members of the Aztec Club and other military societies founded by men "who served in the armies and navies of the United States in the War of the Revolution, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, and the War of the Rebellion, respectively" were thereafter authorized to wear the insignia of the club "upon all occasions of ceremonies by officers and enlisted men of the Army and Navy of the United States who are members of said organizations in their own right."
130:
223:), was one of the most prominent in the city and, at the time, corresponded to New York City's Broadway. It had more fine shops than any other in Mexico; hence it was the popular promenade and driving street and the resort of the fashionable young men, who there had the opportunity of meeting their fair friends. Many of the principal hotels and restaurants were located upon it and its extension.
368:
203:". . .The Club was organized for the purpose of forming a resort for officers, as a promoter of good fellowship, and of furnishing a home where they could pass their leisure hours in social intercourse, and where more palatable and healthful viands could be procured at a reduced price than at the best Fandas of the city."
471:
The Aztec Club of 1847 still exists today, maintained by the descendants of the original members. In 2008, the Aztec Club of 1847 filed for trademark protection of its insignia and name which was granted by U. S. Patent and
Trademark Office in 2010. The Aztec Club of 1847 is an approved and listed
399:
to serve as acting secretary. At this meeting, practices were established which would make the organization enduring. Officers were elected, an annual meeting was designated, a list of members was printed, and commemorative insignia were ordered, designed, and distributed to members and families of
328:
During the mid-1850s, reunions with fellow officers were held in various places, but due to members being widely dispersed in military service, the club did not meet as a whole. Members often led reunions of
Mexican-American War veterans. John Quitman attended many such reunions and hosted former
215:
Handsome dinners were given, and almost every person of distinction who visited Mexico during its occupation was put up at the club. So popular did it become that after it was fairly in working order, admission was rather difficult. The building was located on one of the streets leading out of the
324:
was a member of the Aztec Club, his name is not on the list of the club's 160 Original
Members. This is because the club's original members were officers serving in Mexico City, and Taylor served in northeastern Mexico. The club did not expand beyond the 160 original members until 1871, 21 years
196:
Photograph featuring members of the Aztec Club with guests, was taken at the mansion of Gen. Robert
Patterson in Philadelphia during an anniversary dinner of the club on September 16, 1873. Seen in the photograph are former officers of both the Union and Confederate Armies, from left to right:
177:
wanted to reward his officers, so, using military funds, he hired locals to spruce up the old building turning it into the Aztec Club. Only officers who served with him from
Veracruz to the occupation of Mexico City were allowed to attend the private club. The Aztec was a stunning hit with the
463:
Commemorating its sesquicentennial, on the morning of
October 7, 1997, members of the Aztec Club assembled in Mexico City to embark on a ten-day trip following in near reverse the path that took Winfield Scott and his armies two years to travail. The year prior, when Mexican President
345:, to be held on September 14, 1855, the eighth anniversary of the club's dedication, to form a new "Montezuma Society" designed for "...renewing and cultivating those ties of fellowship and sympathy, which are naturally so prone to exist between men who have served together in War."
400:
the 65 deceased club members as of the printing. A practice was established that members would elect the club vice-president, elevated to office when the president died or retired. Patterson retained the presidency of the club from 1867 to 1881.
459:
Reunions and meetings of the Aztec Club of 1847 have been held annually since 1867. With a current membership of about 425, the Aztec Club's chief goal today is to preserve and disseminate the history of the
Mexican–American War.
178:
officers. It allowed them to escape the city's dirt and grime and escape the smell of death. Selected upscale meals were served, and the finest whiskey was provided to those who drank. On occasion, local talent performed.
98:; on October 13, 1847, a meeting of officers was held in the city to form a social organization to help pass the time comfortably until their return to the United States. The original organizers were
921:
Proceedings and addresses attending the presentation of a silver centre-piece--representing an ancient Aztec
Teocali--to the Aztec Club, at its Annual Meeting, in New York City, October 13th, 1892
587:
Proceedings and addresses attending the presentation of a silver centre-piece--representing an ancient Aztec
Teocali--to the Aztec Club, at its Annual Meeting, in New York city, October 13th, 1892
1653:
241:
By March, the Aztec Club's constitution had been printed, along with a list of the original members, all officers serving in
Regular or Volunteer units of the U.S. Army or
473:
261:
Grayson was elected as "substitute president" and "acting treasurer." In June, the club, consisting of 160 regular and three honorary members, was declared adjourned.
1648:
167:
of the conquered city. On January 13, 1848, a formal club constitution had been adopted, with a $ 20 initiation fee. The commanding general of the occupying army,
71:
216:
Calle Plateros, but two blocks from the Grand Plaza, a most convenient situation, and not far from the headquarters of General Scott, commander-in-chief.
468:
learned of the trip he issued an official invitation to the Aztec Club to visit Chapultepec and committed to attend a formal banquet with the members.
189:
place in the city. The ranks of the organization swelled quickly, including William T. Sherman, George G. Meade, and Kentuckian Simon Bolivar Buckner.
145:, established in 1783 by officers who served in the Revolutionary War. Indeed, many of them were sons or grandsons of the original Cincinnati members.
1673:
423:
purchased the mansion as its permanent home. The mansion was demolished between 1905 and 1909, and a new building was dedicated in 1910.
1643:
362:
438:
353:, was elected the president of the new society. By 1859, both Perry and Quitman had died, and with them, the Montezuma Society.
55:. It is a hereditary organization, including members who can trace a direct ancestral connection to those initially eligible.
903:
878:
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337:. Since the club's original constitution seemed inadequate to the needs of such an association, Quitman called a meeting at
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419:. Patterson's mansion was located on the southwest corner of 13th and Locust Streets. After he died in 1881, the
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frequently acting as master of ceremonies before the officer corps left Mexico City during the summer of 1848.
284:; two were elected to the office. Two of its members were candidates for Vice President of the United States (
264:
Five of the club's members were the nominees of their respective parties for President of the United States:
156:
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Club membership was dispersed during the years following the war; in 1852, a group of members met at the
75:
160:
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412:
67:
63:
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320:, the first of two Aztec Club members to be elected to the office. (Although some sources state that
149:
142:
59:
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391:, original member and last president of the Montezuma Society, was given the chair by motion, with
309:
52:
1565:
181:"We have a magnificent club house, and it is a source of great pleasure and comfort to us." wrote
342:
185:. "We go there and are sure that we will meet none but gentlemen." The Aztec Club quickly became
430:
was elected vice president of the Aztec Club, announcing his intention to become its president.
870:
446:
119:
1176:
411:, the second member to do so. Many of the club's annual meetings had been held at Patterson's
1390:
1385:"Congressional Record". XXI, Part 2 (Fifty-First Congress. First Session). 18 April 1890: 11.
812:
806:
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152:, the Mexican minister to the United States, an 18th-century palace initially built for the
19:
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8:
292:), and a number of them became Congressmen and high-ranking military and civil officers.
281:
277:
182:
1036:
Constitution of the Aztec Club of 1847 and List of Members (with a history of the club)
563:
Constitution of the Aztec Club of 1847 and List of Members (with a history of the club)
434:
242:
99:
79:
48:
403:
In November 1868, twenty-one years after the cessation of hostilities in Mexico City,
253:. Upon their return to the United States, a membership diploma and seal were created.
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Kentuckians in Gray. Confederate Generals and Field Officers of the Bluegrass State
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At the annual meeting held at Hotel Bellevue, Philadelphia, on September 14, 1881,
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1492:
Remembering the Forgotten War : The Enduring Legacies of the U.S.-Mexican War
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415:, home, but, at President Grant's offer, in 1874, the meeting was held at the
257:
was elected as club president to replace Quitman, who had already returned to
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23:
The original Aztec Club occupied the yellow two-story structure left of the
396:
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95:
36:
226:
The often raucous meetings were held at the National Theater with Capt.
129:
28:
90:
After the last battles of the Mexican–American War a sizable force of
838:
Sea to Shining Sea: The Mexican American War and the Manifest Destiny
66:, the Aztec Club was a precursor of veterans' organizations like the
1542:
Mr. Polk's Army: The American Military Experience in the Mexican War
164:
1519:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 129–161.
1364:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 193–195.
1339:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 267–269.
936:
Confederate General R.S. Ewell: Robert E. Lee's Hesitant Commander
1314:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 57–58.
1280:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 39–45.
1255:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 26–28.
1216:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 22–24.
1087:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 12–17.
153:
988:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 7–10.
474:
The Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America
1062:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 3–4.
865:
The Mexican War Diary and Correspondence of George B. McClellan
689:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 1–3.
540:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. pp. 4–5.
383:
On September 14, 1867, a meeting of the Aztec Club was held at
1621:
1146:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 22.
1121:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 21.
1013:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 10.
350:
963:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 7.
742:. Universal City, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 5.
367:
137:
The Aztec Club's first president, elected that evening, was
1465:"Rendezvous with History The Aztec Club's Sesquicentennial"
1598:. Van Nuys, CA: Walika Publishing Company. p. 1506.
1175:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p.
525:. Washington: Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. p. 4.
148:
The site chosen for its clubhouse was the former home of
516:
514:
1654:
American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
1596:
Aztec Club of 1847: Military Society of the Mexican War
633:. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. p. 327.
520:
308:
wrote a letter proposing a new slate of officers, with
219:
The Calle Plateros, or Silversmith Street (now part of
72:
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States
1517:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1362:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1337:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1312:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1278:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1253:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1214:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1144:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1119:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1085:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1060:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
1011:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
986:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
961:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
740:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
687:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
618:. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. p. 327.
538:
Aztec Club of 1847 Military Society of the Mexican War
511:
1039:(1893 ed.). Aztec Club of 1847. 1893. p. 4
811:. New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan. p.
657:
So Far from God. The U. S. War with Mexico 1846-1848
566:(1893 ed.). Aztec Club of 1847. 1893. p. 3
407:, an original member of the Aztec Club, was elected
1566:"AZTEC CLUB U. S. ARMY. 1847. - Trademark Details"
1494:. University of Massachusetts Press. p. 228.
1168:
660:(First ed.). New York: Random House. p.
1544:. Texas A & M University Press. p. 238.
1300:The Aztec Club, New York Times, September 6, 1874
1630:
1241:Aztec Club website, History of its Founding, p.5
1202:Aztec Club website, History of its Founding, p.4
1107:Aztec Club website, History of its Founding, p.3
795:Aztec Club website, History of its Founding, p.2
604:Aztec Club website, History of its Founding, p.1
379:served as the meeting place for the Aztec Club.
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62:, which arose out of the officer class of the
898:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 119.
869:. Louisiana State University Press. pp.
761:
759:
1441:The Encyclopedia of the Mexican-American War
1294:
938:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 51.
768:The encyclopedia of the Mexican-American War
715:The Encyclopedia of the Mexican-American War
495:The Encyclopedia of the Mexican-American War
1649:American people of the Mexican–American War
1489:
918:
708:
706:
584:
1593:
923:. New York: Aztec Club of 1847. p. 8.
756:
653:
589:. New York: Aztec Club of 1847. p. 7.
1237:
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893:
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789:
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363:List of members of the Aztec Club of 1847
312:as new club president. In November 1852,
47:is a military society founded in 1847 by
1674:1847 establishments in the United States
933:
703:
600:
598:
596:
521:Thacker, Historian USMC, Joel D (1945).
366:
232:
191:
128:
78:which veteran officers formed after the
18:
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804:
439:U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center
1631:
1438:
1230:
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1101:
860:
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765:
712:
492:
171:, was voted into honorary membership.
1515:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1360:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1335:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1310:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1276:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1251:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1212:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1142:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1117:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1083:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1058:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
1009:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
984:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
959:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
835:
738:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
685:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
628:
613:
593:
536:Breithaupt Jr., Richard Hoag (1998).
356:
349:, recently returned from his trip to
840:. Senkarik Publishing. p. 231.
237:John B. Magruder in an 1848 painting
1490:Van Wagenen, Michael Scott (2012).
1171:John A. Quitman: Old South Crusader
1166:
808:The United States and Mexico At War
295:
13:
1587:
421:Historical Society of Pennsylvania
14:
1685:
1644:Organizations established in 1847
1613:
1439:Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2013).
766:Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2013).
713:Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2013).
493:Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2013).
1558:
1540:Winders, Richard Bruce (2008).
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861:Cutrer, Thomas E., ed. (2009).
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678:
654:Eisenhower, John S. D. (1989).
919:Floyd-Jones, Delancey (1892).
647:
622:
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585:Floyd-Jones, Delancey (1892).
578:
554:
529:
486:
443:United States Army War College
409:President of the United States
318:President of the United States
302:United States Military Academy
247:United States Military Academy
1:
1594:Breithaupt, Richard (1998).
894:Allardice, Bruce S. (2010).
7:
805:Frazier, Donald S. (1998).
76:United Confederate Veterans
27:shown in this contemporary
10:
1690:
934:Casdorph, Paul D. (2014).
413:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
360:
94:U.S. Army troops occupied
85:
68:Grand Army of the Republic
64:American Revolutionary War
770:. ABC-Clio. p. 704.
631:The Mexican War 1846-1848
616:The Mexican War 1846-1848
497:. ABC-Clio. p. 704.
143:Society of the Cincinnati
60:Society of the Cincinnati
16:American military society
1443:. ABC-Clio. p. 42.
717:. ABC-Clio. p. 41.
479:
161:Plaza de la ConstituciĂłn
1167:May, Robert A. (1985).
629:Bauer, K. Jack (1974).
614:Bauer, K. Jack (1974).
343:New York City, New York
325:after Taylor's death.)
58:Similar to the earlier
1398:Cite journal requires
523:The Aztec Club of 1847
447:Carlisle, Pennsylvania
380:
304:, and on their behalf
238:
228:John Bankhead Magruder
205:
198:
134:
40:
25:Metropolitan Cathedral
370:
290:Simon Bolivar Buckner
236:
201:
195:
132:
22:
1669:Mexican–American War
1471:. Aztec Club of 1847
1428:(Ootober): 29. 1894.
836:White, Jack (2011).
335:Natchez, Mississippi
251:West Point, New York
209:DeLancey Floyd-Jones
150:JosĂ© MarĂa Bocanegra
53:Mexican–American War
1418:"The Aztec Society"
331:Monmouth plantation
282:Winfield S. Hancock
278:George B. McClellan
183:George B. McClellan
1639:Aztec Club of 1847
1622:Aztec Club of 1847
435:American Civil War
387:in New York City.
381:
357:Hereditary society
239:
199:
135:
100:Robert C. Buchanan
80:American Civil War
49:United States Army
45:Aztec Club of 1847
41:
1664:Lineage societies
1570:Justia Trademarks
905:978-0-8131-2475-9
880:978-0-8071-3451-1
847:978-1-257-64421-6
395:as treasurer and
255:Persifor F. Smith
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1659:Fraternal orders
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472:organization of
428:Ulysses S. Grant
405:Ulysses S. Grant
389:Robert Patterson
347:Matthew C. Perry
329:comrades at his
306:Fitz-John Porter
296:Military society
270:Ulysses S. Grant
259:Washington, D.C.
211:
133:Quitman, c. 1846
124:Charles P. Stone
120:Charles F. Smith
112:John B. Magruder
51:officers of the
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1588:Further reading
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