532:
him to be wary of
Afrasiyab of Turan who was father's foe. After knowing his ancestry and about his brave father, Sohrab decided to invade Iran. He also promised his mother that she would be the queen of Iran. As he rode on a horse which was the foal of Rakshak, his father's horse, he thought the tidings were good. However, as he moved to wage war against Iran he encountered his father on the battlefield. His father had been kept totally unaware of his son's identity by Afrasiyab who wanted father and son to fight each other. Before Sohrab led his army against Iran, Afrasiyab had beguiled him to join him in the war, with gifts with messages praising Sohrab for his intent to invade Iran and told him how that "if Iran be subdued the world would henceforth know peace, for upon his own head would he place the crown of the Kaianides; and Turan, Iran, and Samengan should be as one land." There was deceit and false information given about Rostam. Both were unaware of each other's identity and relationship when they faced each other on the battlefield. In the fierce battle that took place between father and son Sohrab was mortally wounded. When Sohrab was wounded he announced his identity to Rostam and on hearing this Rostam was overtaken by intense grief and threw away his sword. Sohrab also was grief-stricken upon knowing that it was his father whom he had faced in the war and who had wounded him mortally. He then showed his onyx symbol that was tied to his armour. Rostam realized that it was the onyx which he had given to his wife and that he had really slain his own son. Kaykavous, the king of Iran, delayed giving Rostam the healing potion (Noush Daru) to save Sohrab as he feared losing his power to the alliance of the father and the son.
519:, had been stolen, he became furious and went in search of the horse and the search led him to the Samangan town. When he reached the outskirts of the town, the King of Samangan and his entourage came to greet him. Rostam then threatened the Samangan King with dire consequences if his horse was not found, as the horse's hoofprints had been tracked up to the village. The local king, however, assuaged Rostam and invited him to his palace as his honoured guest and entertains him lavishly. He also promised Rostam that he would arrange to send search parties to find his horse. While in the palace, the King's daughter Tamina met him and falls in love with Rustam. Rustam also fell in love with her. With the approval of the king and the people of Samangan, the local ruler's beautiful daughter Tamina married Rustam. The king was pleased with this development and he then arranged to find the horse of Rostam. Rostam then returned to Iran, his home country. Before taking leave of his wife he gave her an onyx t that was tied to his arm. He gave it to her, and said:
207:
432:
43:
71:
55:
1577:
140:
504:
515:. Rostam (meaning hero of the World), a valiant hero of Iran, was on a hunting visit to the Samangan area. He took rest at a place near the Samangan area, in the village of Shaihabad. During this time, his horse was stolen under a plan engineered by the local King, who was impressed by the valour of Rustam. The local king wanted to have Rostam as his ally. When Rostam finds out that his horse, named
78:
458:, is a hilltop settlement. It is dated to the 4th and 5th centuries of the Kushano-Sassanian period, which is corroborated by archaeological, architectural and numismatic evidence. It is located 3 km to the southwest of Samangan town. It is the location of a stupa-monastery complex which is fully carved into the mountain rock. The monastery of the major Buddhist tradition of
531:
Tahmineh brought up her son with great dedication and taught him all the skills of warfare and he became very strong. She also told him about his father Rostam and his forefathers and their valiant achievements as warriors in Iran. She also gave him the gifts that his father had sent him. She advised
523:
Cherish this jewel, and if Heaven cause thee to give birth unto a daughter, fasten it within her locks, and it will shield her from evil; but if it be granted unto thee to bring forth a son, fasten it upon his arm, that he may wear it like his father. And he shall be strong as
Keriman, of stature
1007:) and named Rustam; evidently the legend of Rustam and Sohrab inspired the poem as well as the child's name. The poem itself is an unrhymed sonnet, less experimental than many of Bunting's short poems from the period, but successful in its own elegiac manner.
998:
wrote a poem about the town. "Let them remember
Samangan..." stands 32nd in the first book of Odes in his Collected Poems. The poem is dated 1937, hence Bunting cannot have actually visited the town; although he did later travel in the
466:, with several caves at its base. Above one of the caves, there is square building with two conference halls, one is 22 metres square and the other is circular. In one of these caves, Archaeological excavations have revealed a cache of
394:
1037:
424:. The Buddhist stupa here is in the form of a mound. It represents the earliest link to the evolution of Buddhist architecture in Afghanistan. Another heritage site is the
206:
462:, has five chambers, two are sanctuaries and one is a domed ceiling with an intricate lotus leaf beautification. In the adjacent hill is the stupa, which has a
556:. The town is known for its large Uzbek population and the well-known Uzbek leader of the province, General Dostum's pictures, are on display in the town.
342:
reign during the 4th and 5th centuries when it was a famous
Buddhist centre. Witness to this period is seen now in the form of ruins at a place called the
548:
from Kabul -Mazar-e-Sharif to
Badakhshan passes through Samangan town and goes through the bazaar and the main town square. The nearest major cities are
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and the
Central Asian Steppe. The valley has very fertile agricultural land and is characterised by rolling green fields and hills at the sides. The
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102:
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The weekly market, an ancient traditional activity of the town is popular and held every
Thursday when craftsmen specializing in
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Both were sorrowful at the separation from each other. Their son was later born to Tamina in
Samangan, who was named as Sohrab.
485:
is another ancient
Buddhist centre in north central Afghanistan where several caves have been found and in one of these caves a
397:. Aybak was captured on 9 August 2021, becoming the sixth provincial capital to fall to the Taliban after a weekend offensive.
253:
centre during the 4th and 5th centuries under the then Kushan rulers, it has the ruins of that period at a place known now as
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379:
70:
1408:
1326:
1003:, whether he ever went to Afghanistan is unknown but unlikely. However, in the same year his first son was born (in
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569:
42:
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1109:
1075:
1657:
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in
Afghanistan, in the Takth i Rostam and the adjacent Buddhist caves and stupas on top of a hill, north of
272:
peoples. In the past, it was significant because of its position on the main line of communication between
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1376:
1561:
1546:
1482:
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here in the form of a mound, located on the hilltop, represents the earliest link to the evolution of
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1528:
1253:
1221:
152:
1556:
1551:
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288:
230:
1398:
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1596:
1469:
1199:
565:
482:
425:
365:
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is a historical place where ruins of Buddhist religious culture could be seen. The Buddhist
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1252:. Visiting Arts: Samangan Provincial Department of Information and Culture. Archived from
8:
1677:
1672:
1641:
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1318:
413:
540:
The town is located on the banks of the Khulm River valley formed below the junction of
1662:
930:
459:
435:
view from the top of Takht-i Rustam stupa and monastery a few kilometers outside Haibak
401:
1441:
1591:
1505:
1459:. 1st Edition: 1970. 2nd Edition. Revised and Enlarged. Afghan Tourist Organization.
1404:
1322:
1081:
512:
498:
455:
242:
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1601:
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1177:
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like unto Sam the son of Neriman, and of grace of speech like unto Zal, my father.
1311:
980:
A refugee camp, Hazrati-Sultan, is located 70 km (43 mi) to the north.
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came to this place when it was already famous as a Buddhist religious centre.
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1436:
995:
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Takht-i Rustam (Haibak), literal meaning "the throne of Rustam", named after
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104:
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1515:
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coins. The Buddhist temples near the Takht are 10 numbers known locally as
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328:
299:
The earliest known history is linked to the identification of the place by
241:) is a provincial town, medieval caravan stop, and the headquarters of the
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1460:
1227:. Visiting Arts: Samangan Provincial Department of Information and Culture
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1616:
1022:
1000:
989:
942:
545:
312:
246:
145:
1451:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 819.
1107:
572:: Csa/Dsa). The annual mean temperature is 13.4 °C (56.1 °F).
420:
passes. At this location, caves were hewn out of rocks and inhabited by
371:
Aibak was the name given to this place when during the medieval period,
1400:
Dust in the wind: retracing Dharma Master Xuanzang's Western pilgrimage
541:
417:
335:. It was then known as Eukratidia, the size of the present Khulm city.
507:
Rostam mourns for his son Sohrab whom he has killed in the battlefield
1621:
1606:
1004:
503:
467:
195:
1474:
1636:
1631:
1178:"Takht-i Rustam monastery, (near) Samangan, Velayat-e Samangan, AF"
421:
320:
250:
1126:"Taliban capture sixth provincial capital in northern Afghanistan"
1611:
553:
351:
300:
284:
261:
1287:. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. Ltd. pp. 118, 122–135
958:
946:
516:
451:
372:
1440:
1357:. Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain). 1911. p. 9
961:
941:
made of pottery), exhibit their products for sale. A special
934:
361:
347:
324:
304:
273:
260:
Due to its location, Haibak has been influenced by Buddhist,
945:
here is known as the Bazar-e-Danbora Faroshi (Lute-Sellers'
938:
511:
A hoary legend links Samangan to the famous epic story of
346:, which is located 3 km from the town on a hilltop.
245:
in the district of the same name in the northern part of
386:
ferrying passengers to Haibak, which killed ten people.
327:. The ruins found here establish the city's founding by
311:
and the fortified city of Samangan on the banks of the
1310:
1152:"Students killed as bomb blast hits Afghan school"
1108:Royal Numismatic Society (Great Britain) (1846).
1690:
972:The town's hospital serves the entire province.
1396:
964:loaves, which are a popular street side sale.
428:which is about 10 km away from the town.
1490:
1114:. Royal Numismatic Society. pp. 107–108.
257:, which is located on a hill above the town.
1276:
1274:
1497:
1483:
1347:
1345:
937:(two-stringed lute) and the Zirbhagali (a
1304:
1302:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1435:
1280:
1271:
1023:Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, E285.16
502:
430:
338:Historicity of the town is dated to the
205:
1342:
1073:
1032:
1030:
1691:
1377:"Climate: Samangan - Climate-Data.org"
1308:
1299:
1170:
1056:
407:
287:gained control of the city during the
1699:Populated places in Samangan Province
1504:
1478:
1317:. University of Texas Press. p.
1239:
983:
1192:
1101:
1027:
1354:The Geographical journal, Volume 37
412:Samangan has one of the well-known
404:in December 2022 killed 17 people.
13:
1704:Provincial capitals in Afghanistan
1457:An Historical Guide to Afghanistan
1284:The Sháhnáma of Firdausí, Volume 2
1214:
1111:The Numismatic chronicle, Volume 8
395:withdrawal of United States troops
14:
1715:
1429:
1180:. Mapping of Buddhist Monasteries
1575:
1403:. Rhythms Monthly. p. 162.
1222:"Samangan Provincial Government"
957:The town is also famous for its
389:In 2021, the Taliban launched a
378:On October 23, 2003, during the
138:
76:
69:
59:Location of Aybak. Click to see.
53:
41:
1417:
1390:
1369:
1309:Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh (1993).
1040:. Lonely Planet. Archived from
315:, identical to the city on the
249:. As an ancient town and major
1465:Satellite map at Maplandia.com
1202:. Afghanistan Cultural Profile
1144:
1118:
1080:. Lonely Planet. p. 158.
1038:"Introducing Samangan (Aibak)"
1016:
1:
1010:
564:Aybak features a four-season
391:nationwide military offensive
77:
18:Town in Samangan, Afghanistan
1470:Pictures from Haibak in 1974
1455:Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1977):
1397:Wang Chichhung, ed. (2006).
535:
454:, a mythological warrior in
382:, rebels fired rockets at a
7:
1281:Firdawsi, Firdawsi (1906).
768:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
628:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
10:
1720:
919:
911:
578:
559:
496:
443:
294:
234:
177:959 m (3,146 ft)
1650:
1584:
1573:
1527:
1512:
912:Source: Climate-Data.org
837:
767:
697:
627:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
492:
237:); historically known as
194:
186:
181:
173:
163:
151:
133:
98:
64:
52:
40:
33:
23:
47:Overview of Aybak valley
1448:Encyclopædia Britannica
579:Climate data for Aybak
90:Location in Afghanistan
1074:Clammer, Paul (2007).
526:
508:
436:
289:2021 Taliban offensive
211:
566:mediterranean climate
521:
506:
497:Further information:
483:Hazar Sumuch District
478:Hazar Sumuch District
434:
426:Hazar Sumuch District
366:Buddhist architecture
209:
118:36.26528°N 68.01667°E
542:Hindu Kush Mountains
414:archaeological sites
393:coinciding with the
303:as the place of the
1678:Samangan University
1673:Koh e Haj e Kushtah
931:musical instruments
698:Daily mean °C (°F)
408:Historical heritage
402:bombing of a school
375:used to stop here.
114: /
1663:Darah Sof District
1597:Ab Khvorak-e Pa'in
1158:. 30 November 2022
984:In popular culture
509:
460:Theravada Buddhism
437:
212:
187: • Total
123:36.26528; 68.01667
1686:
1685:
1592:Ab Khvorak-e Bala
1562:Khuram Wa Sarbagh
1547:Dara-i Sufi Payin
1506:Samangan Province
1087:978-1-74059-642-8
916:
915:
513:Rostam and Sohrab
499:Rostam and Sohrab
489:has been carved.
456:Persian mythology
243:Samangan Province
204:
203:
1711:
1602:Abdan-e Shebaqli
1585:Populated places
1579:
1542:Dara-i Sufi Bala
1499:
1492:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1452:
1444:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1366:
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1349:
1340:
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1316:
1306:
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1292:
1278:
1269:
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1258:
1251:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1200:"Takht e Rustam"
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1122:
1116:
1115:
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1099:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1071:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1034:
1025:
1020:
576:
575:
319:, south east of
278:Afghan Turkestan
236:
144:
142:
141:
129:
128:
126:
125:
124:
119:
115:
112:
111:
110:
107:
80:
79:
73:
57:
45:
21:
20:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1713:
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1710:
1709:
1708:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1646:
1580:
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1508:
1503:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1351:
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1343:
1333:
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1300:
1290:
1288:
1279:
1272:
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1215:
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1203:
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1183:
1181:
1176:
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1171:
1161:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1132:. 9 August 2021
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1123:
1119:
1106:
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1092:
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1088:
1072:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1036:
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1028:
1021:
1017:
1013:
986:
922:
917:
906:
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891:
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876:
871:
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846:
832:
827:
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797:
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772:
762:
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692:
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662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
562:
538:
501:
495:
448:
410:
333:King of Bactria
297:
139:
137:
122:
120:
116:
113:
108:
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60:
48:
36:
29:
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11:
5:
1717:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1684:
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1660:
1654:
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1648:
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1645:
1644:
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1619:
1614:
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1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1557:Hazrati Sultan
1554:
1552:Feroz Nakhchir
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1479:
1473:
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1462:
1453:
1442:"Haibak"
1439:, ed. (1911).
1437:Chisholm, Hugh
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1430:External links
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444:Main article:
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358:Takht-i-rustam
344:Takht-e-Rostam
340:Kushan Dynasty
317:Dargydus River
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1313:Persian myths
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996:Basil Bunting
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849:
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840:precipitation
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283:In 2021, the
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231:Ancient Greek
228:
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99:Coordinates:
97:
72:
63:
56:
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44:
39:
32:
22:
16:
1627:Band-e Sareq
1520:
1514:
1456:
1446:
1423:Wang, p. 149
1419:
1399:
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1353:
1332:. Retrieved
1312:
1289:. Retrieved
1283:
1261:. Retrieved
1254:the original
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1194:
1182:. Retrieved
1172:
1160:. Retrieved
1155:
1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1130:The Guardian
1129:
1120:
1110:
1103:
1091:. Retrieved
1076:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:the original
1018:
990:Northumbrian
987:
979:
971:
956:
949:or market).
928:
842:mm (inches)
563:
539:
530:
527:
522:
510:
481:
471:
449:
411:
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388:
384:pickup truck
377:
370:
356:
337:
329:Eucratides I
298:
282:
259:
238:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:
15:
1668:Khulm River
1617:Baba Qanbar
1382:3 September
1247:"Hazar Sum"
1077:Afghanistan
1001:Middle East
943:marketplace
925:Marketplace
546:A76 highway
313:Khulm River
247:Afghanistan
146:Afghanistan
121: /
1693:Categories
1567:Ruyi Du Ab
1361:28 October
1334:15 October
1291:28 October
1263:28 October
1231:28 October
1206:28 October
1184:28 October
1162:2 December
1093:15 October
1048:28 October
1011:References
418:Hindu Kush
235:Εὐκρατιδία
227:Eukratidia
182:Population
106:36°15′55″N
1658:Governors
1622:Balahesar
1607:Aq Gonbaz
1529:Districts
1005:Wisconsin
536:Geography
468:Ghaznavid
422:Buddhists
196:Time zone
174:Elevation
1637:Dalkhaki
1632:Besh Qol
1156:BBC News
1136:9 August
976:Refugees
838:Average
472:Kie Tehe
373:caravans
321:Zariaspa
251:Buddhist
239:Samangan
164:District
158:Samangan
153:Province
109:68°1′0″E
1612:Asiabad
1516:Capital
953:Cuisine
920:Culture
907:(13.9)
833:(45.1)
828:(27.7)
823:(34.5)
818:(45.0)
813:(55.0)
808:(64.2)
803:(67.1)
798:(62.6)
793:(53.8)
788:(46.6)
783:(36.0)
778:(26.2)
773:(22.6)
763:(56.2)
758:(36.7)
753:(45.5)
748:(57.7)
743:(68.5)
738:(77.2)
733:(79.7)
728:(75.4)
723:(65.5)
718:(56.7)
713:(45.0)
708:(34.9)
703:(31.3)
693:(67.3)
688:(45.7)
683:(56.5)
678:(70.5)
673:(82.2)
668:(90.1)
663:(92.5)
658:(88.3)
653:(77.2)
648:(66.7)
643:(54.1)
638:(43.5)
633:(39.9)
560:Climate
554:Baghlan
464:harmika
352:Mongols
301:Ptolemy
295:History
285:Taliban
270:Persian
262:Islamic
134:Country
1642:Sandal
1407:
1325:
1084:
968:Health
902:(1.3)
897:(0.9)
892:(0.4)
887:(0.0)
872:(0.0)
867:(1.4)
862:(2.6)
857:(3.1)
852:(2.3)
847:(1.9)
584:Month
570:Köppen
517:Rakhsh
493:Legend
452:Rustam
331:, the
266:Turkic
223:Haibak
200:+ 4.30
143:
28:سمنگان
1651:Other
1537:Aybak
1521:Aybak
1257:(PDF)
1250:(PDF)
1225:(PDF)
962:bread
959:Uzbek
947:Bazar
935:dutar
623:Year
362:stupa
348:Arabs
325:Balkh
309:Uarni
305:Varni
274:Kabul
219:Aibak
215:Aybak
190:9,958
168:Aybak
84:Aybak
25:Aybak
1405:ISBN
1384:2022
1363:2010
1336:2010
1323:ISBN
1293:2010
1265:2010
1233:2010
1208:2010
1186:2010
1164:2022
1138:2021
1095:2010
1082:ISBN
1050:2010
988:The
939:drum
882:(0)
877:(0)
826:−2.4
811:12.8
806:17.9
801:19.5
796:17.0
791:12.1
776:−3.2
771:−5.2
761:13.4
746:14.3
741:20.3
736:25.1
731:26.5
726:24.1
721:18.6
716:13.7
701:−0.4
691:19.6
681:13.6
676:21.4
671:27.9
666:32.3
661:33.6
656:31.3
651:25.1
646:19.3
641:12.3
620:Dec
617:Nov
614:Oct
611:Sep
608:Aug
605:Jul
602:Jun
599:May
596:Apr
593:Mar
590:Feb
587:Jan
552:and
400:The
350:and
276:and
268:and
264:and
35:Town
905:352
831:7.3
821:1.4
816:7.2
786:8.1
781:2.2
756:2.6
751:7.5
711:7.2
706:1.6
686:7.6
636:6.4
631:4.4
380:war
307:or
221:or
1695::
1519::
1445:.
1344:^
1321:.
1319:41
1301:^
1273:^
1154:.
1128:.
1058:^
1029:^
900:33
895:22
865:35
860:67
855:79
850:58
845:47
474:.
368:.
291:.
280:.
233::
1498:e
1491:t
1484:v
1413:.
1386:.
1365:.
1338:.
1295:.
1267:.
1235:.
1210:.
1188:.
1166:.
1140:.
1097:.
1052:.
890:9
885:1
880:0
875:0
870:1
568:(
323:/
229:(
217:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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