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270:, a Tel Aviv think tank, and professor Clive Jones, a Middle East security specialist: "Our approach lies in understanding Israel's ties with many of the Gulf monarchies, notably Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Bahrain, not as some formal alliance but rather as a manifestation of a Tacit Security Regime. This regime allows for the evolution of ties between Israel and the Gulf monarchies to be explored and analyzed while allowing us to be mindful that these relations have rarely been linear, let alone underpinned by any shared normative values."
146:
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the
Palestinians, and offering them to replace the path of terror and destruction with a shared future of progress and success." And further, "What we are doing here is making history, building a new regional architecture based on progress, technology, religious tolerance, security and intelligence cooperation." During the summit, the Bahraini foreign minister openly suggested discussing the establishment of a security-intelligence alliance, which he called a "mini-NATO", among all members of the summit countries.
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238:") including the GCC states, Egypt, Jordan, and possibly Morocco. In April 2019 Egypt announced that it would not participate. The pact has not been announced as of 11 January 2021. "The late 2020 UAE, Bahrain, and Morocco agreements to normalize relations with Israel could have constituted an alternative, insofar as the UAE and Bahrain normalization decisions were related, at least in part, to countering Iran." In 2020, as part of the
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In 10 March 2023, Iran and Saudi Arabia announced the resumption of relations, following a deal brokered by China. Under the agreement both countries agreed to respect the other's sovereignty and not interfere in the internal affairs of the other. This triggered a chain reaction in which several Arab
329:
to
Blinken, saying that "when we reestablished the relations , this is not an opportunistic move, it is a move of conviction," and promised more formal visits between the two countries’ officials, which will advance cooperation and ties further. Bourita said, "We are here today because we genuinely,
313:
attended the first day and released a joint statement with minister Lapid, saying that "the US believes the JCPOA is the best way to put Iran back in the box." However, "when it comes to the most important element, we see eye-to-eye," Blinken said. "We are both committed, both determined that Iran
283:
said that the accords were premised on the idea of an "Israel-Sunni" anti-Iran coalition and that normalization would help but that "it's very doubtful there ever was such a coalition, and the accords did nothing to create or solidify one." In March 2022, Saudi Crown Prince
Mohammed bin Salman said
341:
that killed two
Israelis at a bus stop, all participants condemned it. They decided to make the Negev summit a regular annual conference, and invite other regional partners, including the Palestinians, with Lapid saying, "We are today opening a door before all the peoples of the region, including
464:"Relations between Israel, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia continue in the shadows, with reports of senior Israeli officials regularly visiting the Gulf States. Israeli cabinet ministers have openly visited the UAE and Oman, with more set to take place in the future."
262:
analysed the
Abraham Accords in October 2020, including the involvement of the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, but before Sudan and Morocco took action; the Marshall Center described that the Abraham Accords "strengthens the informal anti-Iran alliance in the region".
362:, the Saudi ambassador to the United Kingdom, said in a BBC interview that Saudi Arabia was still interested in peace and normalized relations with Israel following the war, on the condition of the creation of a Palestinian state.
314:
will never acquire a nuclear weapon… Our commitment to the core principle that Iran can never acquire a nuclear weapon is unwavering. One way or another, we will continue to cooperate closely." Comparing the Negev Summit to the
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231:'s policy in the Middle East: The belief that Israel and key Arab states can form an alliance against Iran, even when peace talks between Israel and the Palestinians seem more distant than ever."
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nations that had previously established diplomatic ties with Israel began to work towards establishing diplomatic relations with Iran, such as
Bahrain and Sudan.
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reconciliation talks with Iran would continue and "We look at Israel as a potential ally but before that it should solve its problems with the
Palestinians."
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coalition emerged by
November 2017, upon warming ties between Israel and the Gulf States and received broad media attention in light of the
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as a wedge issue and mutual tensions with Iran. By 2016, GCC states had sought strengthened economic and security cooperation with
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https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-warsaw-summit-will-test-u-s-gamble-on-israeli-arab-pact-against-irantz
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began in
October 2023, Saudi Arabia decided to halt normalization talks with Israel. In January 2024, Prince
1293:"Saudi Arabia wanted to 'de-risk' the Middle East. Instead it has to hit pause on normalization with Israel"
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on 27–28 March 2022. Attending were his
American, Bahraini, Egyptian, Emirati and Moroccan counterparts.
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The Trump administration tried to launch a "Middle East Strategic Alliance" (also known as the "Arab
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which "no one thought possible", Blinken called this the beginning of a "new dawn" for the region.
176:
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1623:
936:"Israel can become a "potential ally" if Palestinian conflict resolved - Saudi crown prince"
552:"Biden decision on weapons sales to Gulf states 'important test' for Israeli-Sunni alliance"
5099:
5054:
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228:
151:
8:
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398:
met in secret in Bahrain in order to discuss regional security cooperation according to
207:
The roots of the alliance started in the 2000s, due to the decreasing importance of the
4742:
4261:
4182:
4025:
3865:
3734:
3618:
3529:
3462:
3457:
3385:
2924:
2284:
1210:
785:"Israel Urges U.S., Europe to Bolster Ties With Sudan, Citing Apparent Split With Iran"
532:
524:
427:
315:
678:
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3900:
3709:
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3375:
3036:
1381:
1322:
516:
1382:"Under the radar: IDF chief meets with CENTCOM, Arab generals in Bahrain - report"
5431:
4737:
4568:
4436:
4311:
3472:
3370:
3126:
3121:
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1354:
877:
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331:
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5254:
4837:
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4224:
3633:
3056:
504:
322:
310:
179:, it is primarily focused on deterring the political and military ambitions of
967:
Israel's FM Lapid welcomes US Secretary of State Blinken ahead of Negev Summit
965:
5446:
5412:
5364:
5129:
4538:
4411:
4219:
4105:
3753:
3154:
2877:
1190:
1116:
1086:
751:
520:
192:
3558:
475:"Arab-Israeli Progress Seemed Impossible. That's Because of Old Assumptions"
345:
5400:
5244:
5109:
5049:
4984:
4907:
4374:
4353:
4214:
3487:
3392:
3012:
2400:
2299:
395:
371:
293:
139:
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4892:
4732:
4583:
4251:
4177:
3524:
2836:
59:
1350:"Scoop: U.S. holds meeting with Israeli and Arab generals amid Gaza war"
1263:"Bahrain, Iran likely to restore diplomatic ties soon, US diplomat says"
1179:"Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to restore ties after China-brokered talks"
1117:"Israel's Negev Summit wraps in unanimous condemnation of terror attack"
528:
227:, "This week's global summit in Warsaw will test the main pillar of the
4543:
4348:
303:
172:
1323:"Saudi Arabia wants peace with Israel after Gaza war, envoy tells BBC"
1177:
Wintour, Patrick; editor, Patrick Wintour Diplomatic (10 March 2023).
5249:
1026:"Negev Summit: Moroccan FM Vows Strengthened Cooperation with Israel"
995:"Negev Summit: Israel, Arab states discuss regional defense alliance"
814:
Nahmias, Omri; Harkov, Lahav; Cashman, Greer Fay (11 December 2020).
299:
4703:
American Healthcare Professionals and Friends for Medicine in Israel
934:
Alashray, Enas; Chmaytelli, Maher (3 March 2022). Boyle, Jon (ed.).
5157:
4842:
3519:
1087:"At least 2 Israelis killed by terrorists in Hadera shooting spree"
5029:
4588:
3409:
1148:"Five things to know about the Iran-Saudi deal brokered by China"
379:
279:
127:
91:
4297:
United States recognition of the Golan Heights as part of Israel
816:"Morocco, Israel normalize ties as US recognizes Western Sahara"
5034:
4877:
4768:
Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations
4095:
1439:
905:"Abraham Accords a year on: Israel's biggest challenges remain"
757:. Congressional Research Service. 11 January 2021. p. 24.
391:
212:
168:
115:
79:
27:
Security-focused coalition in the Middle East and North Africa
5044:
4802:
4599:
United States support for Israel in the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
4399:
383:
103:
334:
had opened direct flights to Tel Aviv earlier in the month.
5039:
4604:
2023 exchange of Israeli hostages for Palestinian prisoners
4292:
United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel
4142:
Consulate General of Israel to the Pacific Northwest Region
1057:"Moroccan FM Arrives in Israel for 'Historic' Negev Summit"
648:"Israel Is Strengthening Its Ties With The Gulf Monarchies"
235:
180:
4758:
Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America
4152:
Tel Aviv Branch Office of the Embassy of the United States
4678:
Opposition in the United States to the Israeli occupation
387:
346:
Saudi rapprochement with Iran and Israel–Hamas war (2023)
266:
According to authors Yoel Gozansky an Iran expert at the
4813:
Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies
4637:
United States–Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014
2953:
Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus
847:"The Abraham Accords – Paradigm Shift or Realpolitik?"
5578:
Military alliances involving the United Arab Emirates
5324:
4554:
Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Israeli procurement
4943:
A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm
4898:
United States – Israel Binational Science Foundation
4479:
Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information
3849:
2016 attack on the Saudi diplomatic missions in Iran
3601:
813:
4863:
Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law
4339:
Kosovo and Serbia economic normalization agreements
4317:
Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement
933:
4853:Jewish Institute for National Security of America
4688:American Association for Palestinian Equal Rights
4157:Consulate General of the United States, Jerusalem
879:Fraternal Enemies: Israel and the Gulf Monarchies
258:signed normalization agreements with Israel. The
167:, is an unofficial security coalition comprising
5444:
4763:Committee for Justice and Peace in the Holy Land
1237:"Iran and Sudan look to restore diplomatic ties"
3891:United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231
5583:Military alliances involving the United States
4918:Walworth Barbour American International School
4147:Consuls general of Israel to the United States
3398:Mossad infiltration of Iranian nuclear archive
3333:2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria
2907:
5000:
4078:
3587:
3563:
2893:
2383:
1422:
1176:
875:
610:
608:
583:"Renewal of Turkey-Israel Relations Imminent"
5558:United Arab Emirates–United States relations
5014:
4858:Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs
4267:U.S.–Israel Joint Economic Development Group
4011:Islamic Military Counter Terrorism Coalition
679:"What's shaping the Israel-Saudi 'alliance'"
5105:Gulf Organization for Industrial Consulting
4683:Robert F. Kennedy's 1948 visit to Palestine
3356:Assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists
876:Jones, Clive; Gozansky, Yoel (April 2020).
845:Norlen, Tova; Sinai, Tamir (October 2020).
844:
175:. Originally formed in the interest of the
5007:
4993:
4137:Ambassadors of the United States to Israel
4127:Ambassadors of Israel to the United States
4085:
4071:
4001:Opposition to military action against Iran
3594:
3580:
2900:
2886:
2390:
2376:
1429:
1415:
776:
605:
479:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
365:
5573:Military alliances involving Saudi Arabia
4282:2013–2014 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
4277:2010–2011 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
4210:Israel–United States Free Trade Agreement
4053:Category:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
3886:International Maritime Security Construct
3441:Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict
3008:1992 Buenos Aires Israeli embassy bombing
507:(2016). "The New Arab–Israeli Alliance".
413:Arab League and the Arab–Israeli conflict
330:sincerely, and deeply believe in peace."
191:), and has been actively promoted by the
4950:The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy
4718:American Israel Public Affairs Committee
4359:Israeli–Lebanese maritime border dispute
3082:Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
5548:Israel–United States military relations
4975:Category:Israel–United States relations
4913:Jerusalem American International School
4818:Institute for Middle East Understanding
4713:American Palestine Public Affairs Forum
4132:Embassy of the United States, Jerusalem
3483:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
3255:Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents
3047:2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange
325:of Morocco relayed a message from King
302:was hosted by Israeli foreign minister
268:Institute for National Security Studies
14:
5445:
5180:Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict
5095:Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Unity Forum
4673:Anti-Israel lobby in the United States
4332:Israel–Morocco normalization agreement
4322:Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement
3671:Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict
992:
902:
676:
645:
627:from the original on 17 September 2018
614:
549:
503:
287:
5543:Israel–United Arab Emirates relations
4988:
4066:
3575:
3562:
3498:Views on military action against Iran
2881:
2371:
1410:
1303:from the original on 24 November 2023
782:
752:"Iran's Foreign and Defense Policies"
677:Marcus, Jonathan (24 November 2017).
658:from the original on 15 February 2018
580:
455:The solidifying Arab-Israeli Alliance
450:
448:
5563:Military alliances involving Bahrain
5553:Saudi Arabia–United States relations
4888:Queers Undermining Israeli Terrorism
4464:2011 alleged Iran assassination plot
4459:United States diplomatic cables leak
4327:Israel–Sudan normalization agreement
3861:2011 alleged Iran assassination plot
3515:Israel and state-sponsored terrorism
3286:2011 alleged Iran assassination plot
3225:September 2018 Syria missile strikes
3195:December 2014 Rif Dimashq airstrikes
3003:1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats
1273:from the original on 27 October 2023
1145:
1023:
946:from the original on 30 October 2022
795:from the original on 13 October 2020
646:Ramani, Samuel (12 September 2016).
593:from the original on 13 January 2022
5568:Military alliances involving Israel
5528:Iran–United Arab Emirates relations
4957:The Occupation of the American Mind
4594:Terminal High Altitude Area Defense
4494:World Central Kitchen drone strikes
4427:Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal
4122:Embassy of Israel, Washington, D.C.
4006:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
3549:Category:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
3313:Yarmouk munitions factory explosion
3235:November 2019 Syria missile strikes
3215:February 2018 Israel–Syria incident
2863:Diplomatic missions of Saudi Arabia
1362:from the original on 19 August 2024
24:
5453:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
5214:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
4693:America-Israel Cultural Foundation
3984:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
3969:Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
3906:Abha International Airport attacks
3503:Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
3200:January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident
3185:January 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrike
3062:January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident
2832:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
2478:
1197:from the original on 14 March 2023
1054:
974:from the original on 27 March 2022
826:from the original on 16 March 2021
550:Lappin, Yaakov (4 February 2021).
445:
273:In an anniversary analysis of the
25:
18:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
5594:
5309:Category:Gulf Cooperation Council
5292:GCC Youth Athletics Championships
5173:Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain
4848:Jewish Council for Public Affairs
4783:Council for the National Interest
4773:Coordinating Council on Jerusalem
4668:Israel lobby in the United States
4663:Palestine–United States relations
4489:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell
3871:2017 Lebanon–Saudi Arabia dispute
3693:Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain
3291:2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats
3230:August 2019 Syria missile strikes
2406:Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia
1392:from the original on 13 June 2024
1347:
1127:from the original on 14 July 2022
1067:from the original on 24 June 2022
1005:from the original on 21 July 2022
783:Ravid, Barak (7 September 2016).
764:from the original on 8 March 2017
689:from the original on 24 June 2022
485:from the original on 24 June 2022
5483:2020 in the United Arab Emirates
5463:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
5430:
5418:
5406:
5394:
5382:
5370:
5358:
5346:
5334:
5304:
5303:
5287:GCC Volleyball Club Championship
5163:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
5090:GCC Standardization Organization
5063:
4970:
4969:
4723:American Task Force on Palestine
4698:America–Israel Friendship League
4527:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
4517:2012 US–Israel military exercise
4447:Gaza journey of MV Rachel Corrie
4104:
4094:
4048:
4047:
3996:Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
3854:2019 Saudi Arabia mass execution
3839:2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution
3834:2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
3603:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
3544:
3543:
3453:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
3210:March 2017 Israel–Syria incident
3030:2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid
3025:2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid
2965:Iranian seizure of the MSC Aries
2399:
1622:
1484:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1438:
1158:from the original on 21 May 2023
915:from the original on 15 May 2022
857:from the original on 27 May 2022
617:"Donald Trump's New World Order"
185:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
144:
132:
120:
108:
96:
84:
72:
5513:Bahrain–United States relations
5488:21st-century military alliances
5468:2020 in international relations
5120:Bilateral free-trade agreements
4903:Zionist Organization of America
4512:Assassination of Imad Mughniyeh
4302:February 2019 Warsaw Conference
4200:Strategic Cooperation Agreement
3786:Saudi-led intervention in Yemen
3318:2019 Israeli airstrikes in Iraq
3190:May 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrikes
3165:Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh
3104:Projectile attacks from Lebanon
3042:Assassination of Imad Mughniyeh
3020:2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict
1374:
1341:
1315:
1285:
1255:
1229:
1170:
1139:
1109:
1097:from the original on 3 May 2022
1079:
1048:
1036:from the original on 3 May 2022
1017:
993:Harkov, Lahav (27 March 2022).
986:
958:
927:
903:Pinkas, Alon (13 August 2021).
896:
869:
838:
807:
744:
562:from the original on 3 May 2022
225:February 2019 Warsaw Conference
197:February 2019 Warsaw conference
163:, sometimes referred to as the
5518:Iran–Israel military relations
4798:Emergency Committee for Israel
4793:Democratic Majority for Israel
4549:Joint Political Military Group
4417:2004 Tashkent suicide bombings
4162:Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs
4101:Israel–United States relations
3896:May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
3493:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel
1386:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
701:
670:
639:
581:Olson, Robert (13 June 2016).
574:
543:
497:
467:
13:
1:
5538:Israel–Saudi Arabia relations
4748:Center for Middle East Policy
3989:Warsaw Middle East conference
3791:Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict
3478:Warsaw Middle East conference
3338:2024 Israeli strikes on Yemen
3245:July 2022 Damascus airstrikes
3240:January 2021 Syria airstrikes
3097:Assassination of Ibrahim Aqil
3092:2024 Lebanon pager explosions
3077:2023 Israel–Lebanon shellings
1146:Gans, Jared (11 March 2023).
615:Entous, Adam (18 June 2018).
439:
5533:Iran–United States relations
5267:Gulf Ice Hockey Championship
4778:Creative Community for Peace
4753:Christians United for Israel
3747:Iranian intervention in Iraq
3629:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
3205:April 2015 Qalamoun incident
3114:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
3052:2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt
2483:Coat of arms of Saudi Arabia
209:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7:
5523:Iran–Saudi Arabia relations
5262:GCC Athletics Championships
2935:1999 arrest of Iranian Jews
2347:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1445:Foreign relations of Israel
882:. Oxford University Press.
405:
10:
5599:
5458:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
5125:Migrant workers in the GCC
4923:9/11 Living Memorial Plaza
4873:Milstein Family Foundation
4828:Israel on Campus Coalition
4522:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
4484:2022 Erbil missile attacks
4232:Israel–Jordan peace treaty
4193:Palestinian autonomy talks
4036:Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia
4021:People's Mujahedin of Iran
3979:Arab League–Iran relations
3974:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
3881:2018 Riyadh missile strike
3769:Operation Blow to the Head
3323:2022 Erbil missile attacks
3303:2012 Cyprus terrorist plot
3087:2024 Haret Hreik airstrike
2909:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
433:Arab–Israeli normalization
337:In response to the recent
291:
202:
189:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
5300:
5222:
5150:
5142:Workforce nationalization
5072:
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4868:Media Watch International
4708:American Jewish Committee
4655:
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4367:
4188:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
4170:
4114:
4044:
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3919:
3844:Execution of Nimr al-Nimr
3816:
3651:
3624:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
3609:
3569:
3564:Links to related articles
3540:
3508:Iranian support for Hamas
3433:
3346:
3328:2022 Istanbul terror plot
3276:Operation Outside the Box
3268:
3175:
3140:
3132:Operation Full Disclosure
3112:
3067:Operation Northern Shield
2993:Israeli–Lebanese conflict
2985:Hezbollah–Israel conflict
2983:
2970:Iranian strikes in Israel
2945:2024 Iran–Israel conflict
2943:
2915:
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2352:International recognition
2280:Alliance of the periphery
2272:
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1956:
1729:
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1451:
360:Khalid bin Bandar Al Saud
65:
53:
45:
37:
5503:Bahrain–Israel relations
5498:Gulf Cooperation Council
5016:Gulf Cooperation Council
4823:Israeli-American Council
4016:Gulf Cooperation Council
3796:Houthi takeover in Yemen
3764:Operation Scorched Earth
3683:2011 Egyptian revolution
3220:Operation House of Cards
2847:Gulf Cooperation Council
521:10.1177/0043820016673779
378:chief and generals from
370:In June 2024, IDF Chief
177:Gulf Cooperation Council
5240:Arabian Gulf rugby team
5235:Arabian Gulf Futsal Cup
5185:Qatar diplomatic crisis
4642:Israel Anti-Boycott Act
4579:Operation Tipped Kettle
4344:Indo-Abrahamic Alliance
3803:Second Libyan civil war
3742:War in Iraq (2013–2017)
3676:Qatar diplomatic crisis
3425:2023 Iran drone attacks
3348:Nuclear program of Iran
3308:2012 Burgas bus bombing
3269:International incidents
3250:2023 Damascus airstrike
3072:2019 Beirut drone crash
2975:Israeli strikes on Iran
423:Indo-Abrahamic Alliance
418:Qatar diplomatic crisis
366:Military reapproachment
339:ISIL shooting in Hadera
215:, which is involved in
5508:Bahrain–Iran relations
5209:Exercise North Thunder
5204:Peninsula Shield Force
5197:Saudi-led intervention
5168:2011 Bahraini uprising
4936:They Dare to Speak Out
4929:The Armageddon Network
4728:Anti-Defamation League
4632:Kyl–Bingaman Amendment
4574:Operation Nickel Grass
4247:The Clinton Parameters
4242:2000 Camp David Summit
3876:2017–2020 Qatif unrest
3705:First Libyan civil war
3688:2011 Bahraini uprising
3664:Action of June 5, 1984
3446:Russia–Hamas relations
2998:South Lebanon conflict
2825:Multilateral relations
2715:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2484:
309:US secretary of state
217:its own proxy conflict
165:Israeli–Sunni alliance
5282:GCC U-23 Championship
5277:GCC U-19 Championship
5272:GCC U-17 Championship
4627:Jerusalem Embassy Act
4622:Lodge–Fish Resolution
4532:Arab–Israeli alliance
4469:Zivotofsky v. Clinton
4442:Gaza Freedom Flotilla
4287:John Kerry Parameters
3911:Abqaiq–Khurais attack
3829:Khobar Towers bombing
3715:Hezbollah involvement
3698:insurgency in Bahrain
3468:Arab–Israeli alliance
3381:Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan
3366:Massoud Ali-Mohammadi
3296:2012 Bangkok bombings
3281:2009 Sudan airstrikes
3260:Hezbollah involvement
2842:Arab Peace Initiative
2482:
2254:Arab–Israeli alliance
2249:Arab–Israeli conflict
505:Totten, Michael James
481:. 23 September 2020.
161:Arab–Israeli alliance
33:Arab–Israeli alliance
5493:Geopolitical rivalry
5377:United Arab Emirates
5151:Geopolitical history
5100:Gulf Conformity mark
5055:United Arab Emirates
4390:Lod Airport massacre
4385:USS Liberty incident
4272:Annapolis Conference
4237:Wye River Memorandum
4031:Shia–Sunni relations
3953:United Arab Emirates
3808:Western Iran clashes
3730:Spillover in Lebanon
3420:2021 Natanz incident
3415:2020 Iran explosions
3361:Ardeshir Hosseinpour
3150:Gaza War (2008–2009)
3142:Gaza–Israel conflict
2684:United Arab Emirates
2331:Diplomatic missions
2310:United Arab Emirates
1938:United Arab Emirates
460:24 June 2022 at the
244:United Arab Emirates
229:Trump administration
152:United Arab Emirates
41:Unofficial coalition
5080:Dolphin Gas Project
4883:Project Interchange
4833:Israel Policy Forum
4559:Major non-NATO ally
4474:Zivotofsky v. Kerry
4257:Negroponte doctrine
3824:1987 Mecca incident
3720:Iranian involvement
3639:1979 Qatif Uprising
3405:Bid Kaneh explosion
2856:Diplomatic missions
982:– via YouTube
708:. 13 February 2019
288:Negev Summit (2022)
34:
5135:homosexuality test
4743:Bust of Golda Meir
4504:Military relations
4262:Road map for peace
4183:Camp David Accords
4026:Iran International
3866:2015 Mina stampede
3735:Axis of Resistance
3619:Iranian Revolution
3463:Axis of Resistance
3458:Ahmad Reza Djalali
3386:Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
2925:Iranian Revolution
2485:
2285:Camp David Accords
1327:The Jerusalem Post
1221:has generic name (
1061:Morocco World News
1030:Morocco World News
999:The Jerusalem Post
820:The Jerusalem Post
428:Axis of Resistance
316:Camp David Accords
32:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5315:
5115:Khaleeji currency
5085:GCC Patent Office
4982:
4981:
4808:If Americans Knew
4788:The David Project
4647:Combating BDS Act
4395:Sami Esmail trial
4380:The Apollo Affair
4060:
4059:
3920:Iranian relations
3776:Yemeni revolution
3759:Houthi insurgency
3725:Saudi involvement
3556:
3555:
2875:
2874:
2365:
2364:
1494:Equatorial Guinea
1123:. 28 March 2022.
1093:. 27 March 2022.
1055:Aamari, Oussama.
1024:Kasraoui, Safaa.
889:978-0-19-752187-8
732:Missing or empty
332:Royal Air Morocco
321:Foreign minister
157:
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49:Regional security
16:(Redirected from
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5230:Arabian Gulf Cup
5192:Yemeni Civil War
5067:
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4995:
4986:
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4564:Operation Joshua
4405:Jonathan Pollard
4307:Trump peace plan
4205:May 17 Agreement
4115:Diplomatic posts
4109:
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4087:
4080:
4073:
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3901:2019 Afif attack
3781:Yemeni civil war
3710:Syrian civil war
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3376:Fereydoon Abbasi
3177:Syrian civil war
3160:Israel–Hamas war
3037:2006 Lebanon War
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2160:Marshall Islands
1814:Kurdistan Region
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1388:. 12 June 2024.
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1329:. 9 January 2024
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1269:. 13 June 2023.
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3429:
3371:Majid Shahriari
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3127:Victoria Affair
3122:Karine A affair
3108:
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4341:
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4329:
4324:
4319:
4309:
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4299:
4294:
4289:
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4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4225:Oslo II Accord
4222:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
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4090:
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4058:
4057:
4045:
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4033:
4028:
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4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3962:Related topics
3959:
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3634:Qatif conflict
3631:
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3079:
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3069:
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3057:Francop Affair
3054:
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3017:
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2800:United Kingdom
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2264:United Nations
2261:
2259:European Union
2256:
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2134:United Kingdom
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
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2106:
2101:
2096:
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2086:
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2076:
2071:
2066:
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2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Czech Republic
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
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1403:
1373:
1348:Ravid, Barak.
1340:
1314:
1284:
1254:
1228:
1169:
1138:
1108:
1078:
1047:
1016:
985:
957:
926:
895:
888:
868:
837:
806:
775:
743:
700:
669:
638:
621:The New Yorker
604:
573:
542:
496:
466:
443:
441:
438:
436:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
409:
407:
404:
367:
364:
347:
344:
323:Nasser Bourita
311:Antony Blinken
292:Main article:
289:
286:
204:
201:
173:Arab countries
155:
154:
69:
66:
63:
62:
57:
54:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
39:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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5390:
5380:
5378:
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5331:
5328:
5311:
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5288:
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5280:
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5265:
5263:
5260:
5256:
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5248:
5246:
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5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
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5228:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5198:
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5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5130:kafala system
5128:
5127:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
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5066:
5056:
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5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5023:Member states
5021:
5017:
5010:
5005:
5003:
4998:
4996:
4991:
4990:
4987:
4977:
4976:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
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4844:
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4839:
4836:
4834:
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4821:
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4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
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4761:
4759:
4756:
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4751:
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4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
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4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
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4669:
4666:
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4661:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4645:
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4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
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4613:
4605:
4602:
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4597:
4595:
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4590:
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4577:
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4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4539:Have Doughnut
4537:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
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4465:
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4457:
4453:
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4448:
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4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4412:Rachel Corrie
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:Oslo I Accord
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4076:
4074:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4055:
4054:
4043:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3926:member states
3925:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3754:Yemeni crisis
3752:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3659:Iran–Iraq War
3657:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3568:
3561:
3551:
3550:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
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5353:Saudi Arabia
5302:
5245:GCC Club Cup
5110:Gulf Railway
5050:Saudi Arabia
4968:
4955:
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4908:Paul Findley
4531:
4452:Furkan Doğan
4375:Jack Parsons
4354:Negev Summit
4215:Oslo Accords
4046:
3542:
3530:
3488:Little Satan
3467:
3393:AMAD Project
3013:AMIA bombing
2455:South Africa
2300:Oslo Accords
2253:
2230:Multilateral
2216:Soviet Union
2211:East Germany
1898:Saudi Arabia
1880:
1589:South Africa
1579:Sierra Leone
1394:. Retrieved
1385:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
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1219:|last2=
1199:. Retrieved
1183:The Guardian
1182:
1172:
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1151:
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998:
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859:. Retrieved
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746:
734:|title=
713:. Retrieved
703:
691:. Retrieved
682:
672:
662:14 September
660:. Retrieved
651:
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629:. Retrieved
620:
595:. Retrieved
586:
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564:. Retrieved
555:
545:
515:(2): 28–36.
512:
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487:. Retrieved
478:
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396:Saudi Arabia
372:Herzi Halevi
369:
353:
349:
336:
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298:A summit at
297:
294:Negev Summit
278:
272:
265:
233:
220:
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171:and various
164:
160:
158:
140:Saudi Arabia
67:Membership
29:
4893:StandWithUs
4733:BlueStar PR
4615:Legislation
4584:Safari Club
4252:Taba Summit
4178:Rogers Plan
3525:Prisoner X2
2837:Arab League
2659:South Korea
2639:Philippines
2534:Afghanistan
2242:Arab League
2175:New Zealand
2124:Switzerland
2074:Netherlands
1908:South Korea
1888:Philippines
1866:North Korea
1737:Afghanistan
1594:South Sudan
970:, i24NEWS,
374:as well as
327:Mohammed VI
60:Middle East
5447:Categories
5255:2011 Games
4544:HAVE DRILL
4349:I2U2 Group
3611:Background
2917:Background
2554:Bangladesh
2544:Azerbaijan
2357:Legitimacy
2237:Arab world
2221:Yugoslavia
2165:Micronesia
2104:San Marino
2059:Luxembourg
1831:Kazakhstan
1784:East Timor
1757:Bangladesh
1747:Azerbaijan
1584:Somaliland
1574:Seychelles
1539:Mauritania
1333:10 January
1307:27 October
1277:27 October
1247:27 October
1201:27 October
1162:27 October
830:4 February
799:4 February
715:4 February
693:20 January
631:26 January
489:4 February
440:References
354:After the
304:Yair Lapid
195:since the
5250:GCC Games
4368:Incidents
4171:Diplomacy
3817:Incidents
3652:Conflicts
2958:reactions
2816:Australia
2654:Singapore
2634:Palestine
2569:Indonesia
2340:in Israel
2335:of Israel
2273:Diplomacy
2150:Australia
2054:Lithuania
1913:Sri Lanka
1903:Singapore
1882:Palestine
1799:Indonesia
1777:Hong Kong
1721:Venezuela
1639:Argentina
1544:Mauritius
1211:cite news
1191:0261-3077
919:13 August
537:151328992
300:Sde Boker
5158:Gulf War
4843:J Street
3520:Quds Day
2745:Holy See
2674:Thailand
2629:Pakistan
2614:Maldives
2609:Malaysia
2491:Americas
2465:Tanzania
2024:Holy See
1928:Thailand
1876:Pakistan
1851:Maldives
1846:Malaysia
1767:Cambodia
1709:military
1694:Paraguay
1669:Colombia
1644:Barbados
1632:Americas
1614:Zimbabwe
1504:Ethiopia
1474:Cameroon
1469:Botswana
1390:Archived
1360:Archived
1301:Archived
1271:Archived
1195:Archived
1156:Archived
1152:The Hill
1131:28 March
1125:Archived
1121:Ynetnews
1101:28 March
1095:Archived
1091:Ynetnews
1071:28 March
1065:Archived
1040:28 March
1034:Archived
1009:28 March
1003:Archived
978:28 March
972:archived
950:2 August
944:Archived
913:Archived
861:23 March
855:Archived
824:Archived
793:Archived
768:13 March
759:Archived
725:cite web
687:Archived
683:BBC News
656:Archived
652:HuffPost
625:Archived
597:19 March
591:Archived
566:19 March
560:Archived
529:26369507
483:Archived
458:Archived
406:See also
221:de facto
5425:Morocco
5389:Bahrain
5327:Portals
5073:Economy
5030:Bahrain
4656:Related
4589:Stuxnet
3933:Bahrain
3434:Related
3410:Stuxnet
2809:Oceania
2795:Ukraine
2770:Romania
2735:Germany
2725:Denmark
2720:Croatia
2710:Austria
2689:Vietnam
2619:Myanmar
2604:Lebanon
2549:Bahrain
2539:Armenia
2470:Tunisia
2450:Senegal
2445:Nigeria
2440:Morocco
2420:Algeria
2327:Morocco
2315:Bahrain
2143:Oceania
2129:Ukraine
2094:Romania
2039:Ireland
2034:Iceland
2029:Hungary
2014:Germany
2004:Finland
1999:Denmark
1984:Croatia
1979:Belgium
1974:Belarus
1969:Austria
1964:Albania
1943:Vietnam
1856:Myanmar
1841:Lebanon
1789:Georgia
1752:Bahrain
1742:Armenia
1716:Uruguay
1649:Bolivia
1604:Tunisia
1564:Nigeria
1554:Namibia
1549:Morocco
1524:Liberia
1499:Eritrea
1459:Algeria
1396:13 June
1366:13 June
1297:Fortune
1267:Reuters
1241:Reuters
940:Reuters
909:Haaretz
789:Haaretz
587:LobeLog
556:JNS.org
380:Bahrain
376:CENTCOM
280:Haaretz
256:Morocco
248:Bahrain
203:History
128:Morocco
92:Bahrain
55:Region
46:Purpose
5413:Jordan
5365:Israel
5035:Kuwait
4878:NORPAC
3938:Kuwait
3531:Tehran
2790:Sweden
2780:Serbia
2775:Russia
2765:Poland
2760:Norway
2755:Kosovo
2740:Greece
2730:France
2703:Europe
2679:Turkey
2669:Taiwan
2649:Russia
2599:Kuwait
2594:Jordan
2584:Israel
2508:Mexico
2503:Canada
2498:Brazil
2413:Africa
2295:Jordan
2119:Sweden
2109:Serbia
2099:Russia
2089:Poland
2084:Norway
2069:Monaco
2049:Kosovo
2019:Greece
2009:France
1989:Cyprus
1957:Europe
1933:Turkey
1923:Taiwan
1836:Kuwait
1826:Jordan
1762:Bhutan
1689:Panama
1684:Mexico
1659:Canada
1654:Brazil
1609:Uganda
1569:Rwanda
1534:Malawi
1514:Guinea
1464:Angola
1452:Africa
1189:
886:
535:
527:
392:Jordan
254:, and
242:, the
213:Israel
169:Israel
149:
137:
125:
116:Jordan
113:
101:
89:
80:Israel
77:
5401:Egypt
5223:Sport
5045:Qatar
4803:Hibur
4400:Lekem
3948:Qatar
3922:with
2785:Spain
2750:Italy
2694:Yemen
2664:Syria
2644:Qatar
2589:Japan
2564:India
2559:China
2460:Sudan
2435:Libya
2430:Kenya
2425:Egypt
2322:Sudan
2290:Egypt
2195:Tonga
2190:Samoa
2180:Palau
2170:Nauru
2114:Spain
2064:Malta
2044:Italy
1948:Yemen
1918:Syria
1893:Qatar
1861:Nepal
1821:Japan
1794:India
1772:China
1679:Haiti
1664:Chile
1599:Sudan
1559:Niger
1529:Libya
1519:Kenya
1509:Ghana
1489:Egypt
1355:Axios
762:(PDF)
755:(PDF)
533:S2CID
525:JSTOR
400:Axios
384:Egypt
252:Sudan
183:(see
104:Egypt
5437:Asia
5341:Iran
5040:Oman
3943:Oman
2624:Oman
2579:Iraq
2574:Iran
2527:Asia
2513:Peru
2155:Fiji
1871:Oman
1809:Iraq
1804:Iran
1730:Asia
1699:Peru
1674:Cuba
1479:Chad
1398:2024
1368:2024
1335:2024
1309:2023
1279:2023
1249:2023
1223:help
1203:2023
1187:ISSN
1164:2023
1133:2022
1103:2022
1073:2022
1042:2022
1011:2022
980:2022
952:2023
921:2021
884:ISBN
863:2021
832:2021
801:2021
770:2021
738:help
717:2021
695:2020
664:2016
633:2021
599:2021
568:2021
491:2021
394:and
386:the
236:NATO
187:and
181:Iran
159:The
38:Type
3924:GCC
517:doi
513:179
388:UAE
5449::
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